JP3911076B2 - Vehicle cooling system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cooling apparatus for a vehicle, and more particularly to a cooling apparatus for a vehicle that can automatically adjust an amount of cooling of an evaporator according to a driving condition of the vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Automobiles frequently accelerate and decelerate when the accelerator is turned on and off, but the braking energy is almost 100% lost due to heat dissipation from the brake disc and drum, and increased engine speed (fuel consumption). As discarded. Although the fuel efficiency of automobiles is progressing, in the future, there will be a need to further reduce fuel consumption in relation to vehicle air conditioners, especially vehicle air conditioners, that is, to study energy saving of vehicle air conditioners. Probability is high.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of such energy saving that is likely to be required in the future, the object of the present invention is to control the braking energy that has been discarded conventionally or the energy comparable to that while maintaining the temperature control (cooling) performance. It is to recover or effectively use as energy to be used.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, a vehicle cooling apparatus of the present invention is driven by a blower that sends air into a vehicle interior via a ventilation duct, an evaporator that is provided in the ventilation duct and cools the air, and a vehicle driving engine. A vehicle cooling apparatus having a variable capacity compressor capable of changing a discharge capacity for circulating a refrigerant in the evaporator , wherein the ratio of an air flow rate flowing into the evaporator and a bypass air flow rate can be adjusted. In addition to having an air mix damper, a control means is provided for adjusting the discharge capacity of the variable capacity compressor in accordance with the accelerator depression amount of the engine or on / off of the accelerator, and the accelerator depression amount is predetermined. When the value is less than a predetermined value or when the accelerator is off, the discharge capacity of the variable capacity compressor is less than the capacity necessary to achieve the target exhalation temperature. Increase in, consisting of those and adjusting the nausea temperature such that the target value by the evaporator air mixing damper.
[0006]
In the present invention, when the accelerator depression amount (accelerator opening) is equal to or smaller than a predetermined value or when the accelerator is off, the discharge capacity of the variable capacity compressor is set to achieve the target exhalation temperature. was larger than the required capacity, you adjust the nausea temperature such that the target value by the evaporator air mix damper. By doing so, when the accelerator opening is equal to or less than a certain value or the accelerator is off and the engine is under a low load, the temperature of the evaporator can be lowered to accumulate cooling energy.
[0007]
When the accelerator is on, if the evaporator temperature is lower than the target exhalation temperature, close the on-off valve at the refrigerant inlet / outlet of the evaporator and minimize the discharge capacity of the variable capacity compressor, or It is preferable to disconnect the connection of the drive system of the variable capacity compressor. If it does in this way, the heat capacity for cooling stored in the evaporator will be used effectively, thereby obtaining a target cooling state and saving energy for cooling.
[0008]
Furthermore, when the accelerator is on, if the evaporator temperature is higher than the target exhalation temperature, the opening / closing valve of the refrigerant inlet / outlet of the evaporator is opened, and the variable capacity compressor is adjusted so that the exhalation temperature becomes the target value. It is preferable to adjust the discharge capacity. In this way, the cooling heat capacity stored in the evaporator was effectively used as described above, but it is necessary to obtain the desired cooling condition when the temperature of the evaporator gradually increases. Only minimal energy can be used.
[0009]
That is, in the vehicle cooling device according to the present invention, the energy at the time of braking or deceleration that has been discarded in the past is stored as cooling energy or is eventually recovered, and this energy is used for acceleration, etc. It is effectively used as energy for cooling. Accordingly, the energy discarded in total is greatly reduced, and energy saving and, consequently, reduction in fuel consumption of the vehicle are achieved.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 shows a vehicle cooling apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a ventilation duct for sending temperature-controlled air (in particular, cold air in the present invention) into the passenger compartment, and an outside air introduction port 2 and an inside air introduction port 3 are provided on the suction side of the ventilation duct 1. Thus, the intake rate of the inside and outside air can be adjusted by the damper 4. The intake of the inside and outside air and the air pressure feeding into the passenger compartment are performed by a blower 6 driven by a motor 5.
[0011]
An evaporator 7 that cools the air is provided on the downstream side of the blower 6 in the ventilation duct 1. The evaporator 7 is provided with an evaporator air mix damper 8, and the air flowing into the evaporator 7 is provided. The ratio between the flow rate and the air flow rate bypassing the evaporator 7 can be adjusted. The opening degree of the evaporator air mix damper 8 is adjusted by the evaporator air mix damper actuator 9.
[0012]
The refrigerant circulated through the cooling circuit 10 is sent to the evaporator 7. The cooling circuit 10 is provided with a variable capacity compressor 12 that is driven by a vehicle driving engine 11 and that can vary the discharge capacity. In the present embodiment, the variable capacity compressor 12 is driven by the engine 11 via an appropriate driving force transmission mechanism and the clutch 13, and the clutch 13 is controlled by the clutch controller 14. The variable capacity compressor 12 is a compressor whose discharge capacity can be adjusted internally so that the suction pressure is in accordance with an external signal. The variable capacity compressor 12 circulates the refrigerant to the evaporator 7.
[0013]
The cooling circuit 10 is provided with a condenser 15, a reservoir tank 16, and an expansion valve 17, and further, opening / closing valves 18 and 19, which are electromagnetic valves, are provided at the inlet / outlet of the evaporator 7.
[0014]
An evaporator outlet air temperature sensor 20 is provided on the downstream side of the evaporator 7 in the ventilation duct 1, and a hot water heater 21 that uses engine cooling water is disposed on the downstream side thereof in this embodiment. ing. An air mix damper 22 is provided immediately downstream of the hot water heater 21, and the air mix damper 22 can adjust the ratio of the air flow rate passing through the hot water heater 21 and the bypass air flow rate. The opening degree of the air mix damper 22 is adjusted by the air mix damper actuator 23.
[0015]
On the downstream side of the ventilation duct 1, the air outlets 24, 25, and 26 and dampers 27, 28, and 29 for adjusting the air blown from the air outlets are provided.
[0016]
Reference numeral 30 denotes a main controller as control means for the air conditioner. The main controller 30 is connected to an in-vehicle temperature setting device 31, and a target in-vehicle temperature to be controlled is set by this. The main controller 30 also includes a signal from the accelerator outlet 35 in addition to a signal from the evaporator outlet air temperature sensor 20, a signal from the vehicle interior temperature sensor 32, a signal from the solar radiation sensor 33, and a signal from the outside air temperature sensor 34. A signal and a signal from the vehicle speed sensor 36 are input. The accelerator sensor 35 generates an accelerator depression amount (accelerator opening) and an accelerator on / off signal. Further, signals from the main controller 30 are the motor 5 of the blower 6, the evaporator air mix damper actuator 9, the air mix damper actuator 22, the discharge capacity variable means of the variable capacity compressor 12, such as a suction pressure controller, and a clutch controller. 14 is sent.
[0017]
The vehicle cooling device configured as described above is controlled as shown in FIG.
The vehicle speed and the accelerator opening are detected, and when the accelerator opening is a1 or less (including accelerator off) (regions 101 and 103 in FIG. 2), the suction pressure operating point of the variable capacity compressor 12 is set to the lower limit p1. The lower the suction pressure operating point, the higher the discharge capacity, and the higher the suction pressure operating point, the lower the discharge capacity. As a result, when the accelerator depression amount is small or the accelerator is off, the discharge capacity is made larger than the discharge capacity necessary to achieve the target exhalation temperature, and energy for cooling is stored in the evaporator 7. The evaporator 7 is greatly cooled.
[0018]
At this time, the opening degree of the evaporator air mix damper 8 is calculated as described below, and the exhalation temperature is adjusted to the target value.
AMD = (TV−T _in ) / (T _e −T _in )
Here, in the case of inside air circulation: T _in = T _r , in the case of outside air introduction: T _in = T _am .
AMD: evaporator air mix damper opening TV: target nausea temperature T _in: intake air temperature T _e: the evaporator outlet air temperature T _r: the passenger compartment temperature T _am: outside air temperature [0019]
Further, when the accelerator opening is a1 or more and the evaporator outlet air temperature is the target exhalation temperature TV or less, the suction pressure operating point of the variable capacity compressor 12 is set to the upper limit value p2 (minimum discharge capacity), and the evaporator 7 The on-off valves 18 and 19 (solenoid valves) provided at the inlet / outlet are closed (regions 102 and 104 in FIG. 2). As a result, the heat capacity of the evaporator 7 that has been cooled until then is effectively used as cooling energy. In the above, instead of setting the upper limit value p2, the clutch 13 may be turned off and the drive system of the variable capacity compressor 12 may be shut off.
[0020]
Further, as described above, while the cooling energy stored in the evaporator 7 is being effectively used, the temperature of the evaporator 7 increases, the accelerator opening is a1 or more, and the evaporator outlet air temperature is the target exhalation temperature. In the case of TV or more, the on-off valves 18 and 19 are opened, and the suction pressure operating point of the variable capacity compressor 12 is adjusted by the following arithmetic expression so that the evaporator outlet air temperature becomes the target exhalation temperature TV (FIG. 2). Area 105).
P _s = P + I
Where P = k _p (TV−T _e )... Proportional term I = I _n−1 −k _i (TV−T _e )... Integral term P _s : suction pressure operating point T _e : evaporator outlet Air temperature TV: target exhalation temperature k _p , k _i : coefficient
In this way, the discharge capacity of the variable capacity compressor 12 is automatically adjusted according to the vehicle operating conditions (accelerator opening) and the temperature conditions at that time, and energy that was simply discarded in the past during deceleration or braking. However, it is effectively used as energy for cooling.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the vehicle cooling device of the present invention, the energy at the time of deceleration or control that has been discarded conventionally can be effectively used as the cooling energy as a result. Therefore, in connection with the cooling device for a vehicle, it is possible to realize energy saving and, consequently, low fuel consumption of the vehicle.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a vehicle cooling device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a relationship diagram between characteristics and time showing an example of control of the apparatus of FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ventilation duct 5 Motor 6 Blower 7 Evaporator 8 Evaporator air mix damper 9 Evaporator air mix damper actuator 10 Cooling circuit 11 Engine 12 Variable capacity compressor 13 Clutch 14 Clutch controller 18, 19 On-off valve 20 Evaporator outlet air temperature sensor DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 21 Hot water heater 22 Air mix damper 23 Air mix damper actuator 24, 25, 26 Outlet 30 Main controller 31 Car interior temperature setting device 32 Car interior temperature sensor 33 Solar radiation sensor 34 Outside temperature sensor 35 Acceleration sensor 36 Vehicle speed sensor

Claims (3)

A blower that sends air into the passenger compartment through a ventilation duct, an evaporator that is installed in the ventilation duct to cool the air, and a variable displacement compression that is driven by a vehicle drive engine and that can vary the discharge capacity that circulates refrigerant through the evaporator A vehicular cooling apparatus having an evaporator air mix damper capable of adjusting a ratio between an air flow rate flowing into the evaporator and a bypass air flow rate, and depending on an accelerator depression amount of the engine, Alternatively, a control means for adjusting the discharge capacity of the variable capacity compressor according to whether the accelerator is on or off is provided , and when the accelerator depression amount is equal to or less than a predetermined value, or when the accelerator is off, the variable The discharge capacity of the capacity compressor is set to be larger than the capacity required to achieve the target air discharge temperature, and air is discharged by the evaporator air mix damper. Degrees vehicular cooling apparatus characterized by adjusting so that the target value. When the accelerator is on, if the evaporator temperature is lower than the target exhalation temperature, the refrigerant inlet / outlet valve of the evaporator is closed and the discharge capacity of the variable capacity compressor is minimized, or the variable capacity The cooling apparatus for a vehicle according to claim 1 , wherein the connection of the drive system of the compressor is cut off . When the accelerator is on, if the evaporator temperature is higher than the target exhalation temperature, the on-off valve at the refrigerant inlet / outlet of the evaporator is opened, and the discharge of the variable capacity compressor is made so that the exhalation temperature becomes the target value. The cooling apparatus for vehicles according to claim 1 or 2 which adjusts capacity .

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