JP3916506B2 - door - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a door that can be ventilated in a closed state.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Doors that can be ventilated when closed can be used conveniently as they can be ventilated safely. A door that accomplishes this has been developed and is described in the following publication.
(1) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-70872
(2) Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-111461
The publication (1) describes a structure in which a ventilation window is provided in a door frame. This door frame is provided with a ventilation window with the upper frame considerably wide. The ventilation window is provided with an open / close plate so that it can be opened and closed. Furthermore, the publication (2) describes a structure in which a ventilation window is provided on a sleeve wall.
[0004]
Since the door described in these gazettes is provided with a ventilation window on the door frame or sleeve wall, the door frame or sleeve wall needs to have a special structure. For this reason, this structure cannot be adopted in a door frame having a narrow width that is most commonly used. This drawback can be solved by opening a ventilation window in the door as described in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-94183. The door described in this publication has a large ventilation window that penetrates both sides of the door. The door has a small sliding door that opens and closes the ventilation window.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The structure in which the ventilation window is provided on the door does not require a special design of the door frame, and can be used for most buildings. However, the door of this structure has a drawback that it becomes unsafe when going out with the ventilation window open. If you go out with the ventilation window closed, beware of anything. However, we cannot forget to close the ventilation window and go out. For this reason, it is not always possible to open the ventilation window with peace of mind. In addition, since the ventilation window is closed with a metal net, even if it is not in the state of going out, precautions are bad when the ventilation window is open. This is because if you break the wire mesh, you can enter from the outside.
[0006]
The present invention has been developed for the purpose of solving such drawbacks. An important object of the present invention is to provide a door that can be ventilated by a ventilation window provided on the door and can be ventilated extremely safely.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The door of the present invention is provided with a door main body 10 that passes through the front plate 11 and the back plate 12 and opens a ventilation window 14, and is arranged so as to be movable in the horizontal direction inside the door main body 10. The glass plate 20 that opens and closes the window 14, the stopper 30 that stops the glass plate 20 in the opened position, and the door is opened when the stopper 30 stops the glass plate 20 in the open position. A stopper release mechanism 40 that detects and releases the shutter and a closing mechanism that moves the glass plate 20 in a closing direction in a state in which the stopper release mechanism 40 releases the stopper 30. The ventilation window 14 is vertically long and has a width narrower than 10 cm and is provided to extend up and down the door. In this door, the stopper release mechanism 40 releases the stopper 30 when the glass plate 20 is in the open position and the ventilation window 14 is in a ventilated state, and the stopper mechanism is released when the stopper 30 is released. 20 is closed.
[0008]
Glass plate 20 may be connected for movement its upper end to the door main body 10 in the horizontal direction through the horizontal movement mechanism 50. The stopper 30 can be a permanent magnet 31 that stops the glass plate 20 in the open position with a magnetic attractive force. The stopper release mechanism 40 includes a tilt arm 41 connected to be tiltable to the door, and an elastic body 42 that elastically rotates the tilt arm 41. When the door is opened, the tilt arm 41 is opened. The tilting arm 41 can be tilted by the elastic body 42 so that the projection protrudes from the side surface of the door. The stopper release mechanism 40 releases the stopper 30 in a state where the tilt arm 41 has moved so as to protrude from the side surface of the door.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. However, the embodiment described below exemplifies a door for embodying the technical idea of the present invention, and the present invention does not specify the door as described below.
[0010]
Further, in this specification, in order to facilitate understanding of the scope of claims, the numbers corresponding to the members shown in the embodiments are referred to as “claims” and “means for solving the problems”. It is added to the member shown by. However, the members shown in the claims are not limited to the members in the embodiments.
[0011]
The door shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 is provided with a door main body 10 that penetrates the front plate 11 and the back plate 12 and opens a ventilation window 14, and can be moved horizontally in the door main body 10. The glass plate 20 that opens and closes the ventilation window 14, the stopper 30 that stops the glass plate 20 in the opened position, and the stopper 30 stops the glass plate 20 in the open position. A stopper releasing mechanism 40 that detects and releases the opening is provided, and a closing mechanism that moves the glass plate 20 in the closing direction when the stopper releasing mechanism 40 releases the stopper 30.
[0012]
The door body 10 has a front plate 11 and a back plate 12 fixed to the surface of a frame 13 connected in a square shape. The door body 10 shown in the figure passes through the same position of the front plate 11 and the back plate 12 and opens a ventilation window 14 and a lighting window 15. The ventilation window 14 and the daylighting window 15 are vertically long rectangles that extend in the vertical direction and are opened. The lighting window 15 and the ventilation window 14 have a width of 4 cm and a vertical length of 147 cm. The daylighting window 15 and the ventilation window 14 have a width smaller than 10 cm so that they cannot enter from the outside even if the glass or the like is broken. Furthermore, the ventilation window 14 to be opened and closed is provided at a position closer to the hinge 16 side than the center of the door. This is to prevent an intruder from entering the ventilation window 14 to release the door lock 17 provided on the side opposite to the hinge 16 side. The door body 10 shown in the figure is provided with a ventilation window 14 on the hinge 16 side, and opens a daylighting window 15 on the door lock 17 side opposite to the hinge 16 side. Since the daylighting window 15 and the ventilation window 14 limit the width, they are elongated in the vertical direction to increase the opening area. Therefore, the daylighting window 15 and the ventilation window 14 are preferably longer than half the height of the entire door. In the illustrated door, the overall height is about 190 cm, the height of the lighting window 15 and the ventilation window 14 is 147 cm, which is about 77% of the total height.
[0013]
The daylighting window 15 is closed with a meshed glass 25. The meshed glass 25 is fixed to the door body 10. The ventilation window 14 is provided so that the glass plate 20 can be opened and closed. In the illustrated door, the outside of the ventilation window 14 is closed with a metal porous plate 23. As shown in FIG. 4, the porous plate 23 is a stainless steel plate provided with a large number of through holes 23A. Further, a metal net 24 is stretched on the back surface of the porous plate 23. The metal net 24 prevents insects and the like from entering through the ventilation window 14. The door with this structure can be used more safely because the ventilation window 14 is closed with the metal porous plate 23 with the glass plate 20 opened. However, it is not always necessary to close the ventilation window with a perforated plate or a metal net. This is because the width of the ventilation window is narrowed so that it cannot enter from here.
[0014]
As shown in the perspective views of FIGS. 5 to 7, the glass plate 20 is netted, and reinforcing plates 21 are fixed to the upper edge, the lower edge, and the side edges. The reinforcing plate 21 is formed by bending a metal plate such as stainless steel or a steel plate with a surface plated into a U shape. The reinforcing plate 21 is fixed to the periphery of the glass plate 20 by bonding. The reinforcing plate 21 reinforces the peripheral edge of the glass plate 20 and prevents damage. Further, the reinforcing plate 21 fixed to the side surface of the glass plate 20 fixes a handle 22 for opening and closing the glass plate 20. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, the handle 22 protrudes from the ventilation window 14 to the indoor side. By operating this handle 22, the glass plate 20 is opened and closed from the indoor side.
[0015]
The upper end of the glass plate 20 is connected to the door body 10 via the horizontal movement mechanism 50 so as to be moved in the horizontal direction. The horizontal moving mechanism 50 moves the glass plate 20 in the horizontal direction while suspending the upper end of the glass plate 20. The horizontal movement mechanism 50 that hangs the upper end and moves the glass plate 20 in the horizontal direction has the feature that the vertically long glass plate 20 can be moved smoothly. As shown in the enlarged sectional view of FIG. 8, the horizontal movement mechanism 50 shown in the figure includes a pair of slide rails 51 and a plurality of balls 53 arranged between the slide rails 51. The slide rail 51 is provided with guide grooves 52 along the upper and lower edges, and is arranged so that the balls 53 can roll in the guide grooves 52. One slide rail 51 is provided with a guide groove 52 so as to face the inner side of the upper and lower edges, and the other slide rail 51 is provided with a guide groove 52 on the outer side of the upper and lower edges. The guide groove 52 is a U-groove so that the ball 53 can roll. In the illustrated horizontal movement mechanism 50, one slide rail 51 provided with a guide groove 52 on the inner side is fixed to the door body 10, and the slide rail 51 having the guide groove 52 on the outer side is fixed to the glass plate 20. .
[0016]
As described above, the horizontal movement mechanism 50 that moves the pair of slide rails 51 with the balls 53 provided in the guide grooves 52 has an advantage that the glass plate 20 can be moved in the horizontal direction extremely smoothly. However, the door of the present invention does not specify the horizontal movement mechanism as described above. As shown in FIG. 9, a plurality of wheels 56 are connected to the upper end of the glass plate 20, a rail 55 for rolling the wheels 56 is fixed to the door body 10, and the glass plate 20 is moved horizontally. Any mechanism such as a mechanism that can move the glass plate 20 in the horizontal direction can be used.
[0017]
The horizontal movement mechanism 50 inclines the slide rail 51 and the rail 55 slightly. The horizontal movement mechanism 50 moves the glass plate 20 substantially horizontally, but does not move it completely horizontally. The slide rail 51 and the rail 55 are inclined downward in the direction in which the glass plate 20 is closed. The slide rail 51 and the rail 55 move the glass plate 20 in the closing direction with its own weight. Accordingly, the horizontal movement mechanism 50 realizes a closing mechanism of the glass plate 20 by the inclined slide rail 51 and rail 55. This closing mechanism has a very simple structure and can reduce the number of failures and simplify maintenance. The closing mechanism moves the glass plate 20 in the closing direction in a state where the stopper releasing mechanism 40 releases the stopper 30. However, the door of the present invention does not specify a closing mechanism for this structure. As the closing mechanism, any mechanism that can move in the closing direction of the glass plate, such as a mechanism that pulls the glass plate in the closing direction with an elastic body such as a spring, can be adopted.
[0018]
The stopper 30 stops the glass plate 20 in the opened position at the opened position. The stopper 30 shown in FIG. 4 is a permanent magnet 31 that stops the glass plate 20 at the open position by a magnetic attractive force. The permanent magnet 31 is fixed inside the door body 10 and attracts the magnetic body 32 fixed to the glass plate 20 with the glass plate 20 opened. The stopper 30 shown in the figure fixes a permanent magnet 31 to the door body 10 and a glass plate 20 to which a magnetic body 32 such as an iron plate attracted by the permanent magnet 31 is fixed. A permanent magnet can be fixed and a magnetic body can be fixed to the door body. Moreover, a permanent magnet can also be fixed so that it may mutually adsorb | suck to both a glass plate and a door main body.
[0019]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 9, the stopper 30 can also be constituted by a convex portion 35 provided on the rail 55 of the horizontal movement mechanism 50. In this door, when the glass plate 20 is opened, the wheel 56 moves beyond the convex portion 35 which is the stopper 30. The convex part 35 provided in the rail 55 stops moving to the direction which closes the glass plate 20, and stops the glass plate 20 in an open position.
[0020]
As shown in FIG. 4, the stopper release mechanism 40 includes a tilt arm 41 that is connected to the door so as to tilt, and an elastic body 42 that elastically rotates the tilt arm 41. The tilting arm 41 is provided with a protruding portion 41A protruding from the door at one end, and the other end is extended to the side surface of the glass plate 20 to form a pressing portion 41B. The tilt arm 41 is tilted by opening and closing the door. In a state where the door is closed, the tilting arm 41 is in a position indicated by a chain line in FIG. 4 when the protruding portion 41A is pushed into the door frame 60. When the door is opened, it is pushed by the elastic body 42 and tilted to the position indicated by the solid line. The tilting arm 41 at the position indicated by the chain line places the pressing portion 41B on the side surface of the glass plate 20 at the opening position. The pressing portion 41B at this position approaches or contacts the glass plate 20, but holds the glass plate 20 in the open position. The tilting arm 41 that moves to the solid line position when the door is opened pushes the glass plate 20 with the pressing portion 41B and moves the glass plate 20 in the closing direction from the open position. When the glass plate 20 is moved from the open position to the closed position, the permanent magnet 31 is separated from the magnetic body 32 and cannot be stopped at the open position by magnetic attraction force. That is, the stopper 30 is released from holding the glass plate 20 in the open position. Therefore, when the door is opened, the horizontal movement mechanism 50 moves the glass plate 20 from the open position in the closing direction to release the stopper 30. The glass plate 20 from which the stopper 30 has been released moves by its own weight along the inclined slide rail 51 and rail 55 that are the closing mechanism, and moves to the closing position.
[0021]
The stopper release mechanism 40 in FIG. 9 includes a rod 45 that is mounted on the door body 10 so as to be moved in the axial direction, and an elastic body 46 that elastically pushes the rod 45 out of the door. One end of the rod 45 is a protrusion 45A that protrudes from the door, and a permanent magnet 31 that is a stopper 30 is fixed to the other end. The elastic body 46 is a coil spring that is elastically expanded and contracted, and the rod 45 is inserted therethrough. The coil spring in the figure is a tension spring. The elastic body 46, which is a tension spring, is connected to the rod 45 and the door body 10 so as to be elastically extended when the rod 45 is pushed into the door. The stopper release mechanism 40 moves the rod 45 in the axial direction by opening and closing the door. In a state where the door is closed, the rod 45 is pushed into the door, and the elastic body 46 is elastically extended. When the door is opened, the elastic body 46 that is elastically extended pushes the rod 45 in a direction in which the protruding portion 45A of the rod 45 protrudes from the side surface of the door by the force of elastic contraction. When the door is closed, the protrusion 45A is pushed by the door frame 60, and the rod 45 is pushed into the door. However, the coil spring which is an elastic body can be a push spring. The elastic body, which is a push spring, is disposed so as to be compressed when the rod is pushed into the door and push the rod with an elastic force.
[0022]
Furthermore, the door of this figure has fixed the stop material 36 inside the door main body 10 as a stopper which stops the glass plate 20 to a predetermined open position. Further, in the door of this figure, the convex portion 35 is provided on the rail 55 as the stopper 30, but the door capable of stopping the glass plate 20 in the open position by the stop member 36 and the permanent magnet 31 is provided on the rail 55 as the stopper 30. The protruding portion 35 is not necessarily provided. This door is because the stopper 30 of the glass plate 20 can be constituted by the permanent magnet 31 and the stop member 36. The stop member 36 abuts on the side edge of the glass plate 20 and specifies the open position of the glass plate 20.
[0023]
When the glass plate 20 is opened in the closed state, the glass plate 20 is stopped at the open position by the stopper 30 of the permanent magnet 31. At this time, the rod 45 is in a position where the protruding portion 45 </ b> A is pushed, and the permanent magnet 31 of the rod 45 is attracted to the magnetic body 32 of the glass plate 20. For this reason, the glass plate 20 is stopped at the open position. When the door is opened in this state, the elastic body 46 pushes the rod 45 to the outside of the door, so that the permanent magnet 31 is separated from the magnetic body 32 of the glass plate 20. For this reason, the permanent magnet 31 cannot stop the glass plate 20 in the open position, that is, the stopper 30 is released. For this reason, the glass plate 20 moves along the downhill rail 55 and moves to the closing position. That is, when the door is opened, the glass plate 20 moves to a position where the ventilation window 14 is closed.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
The door of the present invention has the feature that it can be ventilated extremely safely by a ventilation window provided in the door. In the door of the present invention, a glass plate that moves horizontally to open and close the ventilation window is disposed inside the door body, and the door is opened with a stopper that stops the glass plate in the open position. A stopper release mechanism that detects this and releases the stopper, and a closing mechanism that moves the glass plate in the closing direction while releasing the stopper, and the glass plate is in the open position and the ventilated door is opened. This is because the stopper release mechanism releases the stopper and closes the glass plate with the closing mechanism. When the door body is opened with the ventilation window open, the stopper release mechanism releases the stopper and the closing mechanism closes the glass plate, so it is safe to forget to close the ventilation window. Can be prevented. This is because the glass plate is inevitably closed when the door body is opened when going out. Thus, since the door of the present invention does not have to worry about going out with the ventilation window open, the ventilation window can always be opened with peace of mind.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a front view of a door according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the door shown in FIG. 1 along the line AA. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the door shown in FIG. 4 is a partially sectional front view showing the internal structure of the door shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the ventilation window portion of the door shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view of the ventilation window portion of the door shown in FIG. FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view of the ventilation window portion of the door shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 8 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the horizontal moving mechanism of the door shown in FIG. Diagram showing the internal structure of the door 【Explanation of symbols】
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Door main body 11 ... Front plate 12 ... Back plate 13 ... Frame 14 ... Ventilation window 15 ... Lighting window 16 ... Hinge 17 ... Door lock 20 ... Glass plate 21 ... Reinforcement plate 22 ... Handle 23 ... Porous plate 23A ... Through-hole DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 24 ... Metal mesh 25 ... Glass with mesh 30 ... Stopper 31 ... Permanent magnet 32 ... Magnetic body 35 ... Convex part 36 ... Stopping material 40 ... Stopper release mechanism 41 ... Tilt arm 41A ... Protruding part 41B ... Pressing part 42 ... Elastic body 45 ... Rod 45A ... Projection 46 ... Elastic body 50 ... Horizontal movement mechanism 51 ... Slide rail 52 ... Guide groove 53 ... Ball 55 ... Rail 56 ... Wheel 60 ... Door frame

Claims (3)

A door body (10) that passes through the front plate (11) and back plate (12) and opens the ventilation window (14), and is arranged so that it can move horizontally inside the door body (10). The glass plate (20) for opening and closing the ventilation window (14), the stopper (30) for stopping the glass plate (20) in the opened position, and the stopper (30) Stopping in the open position is detected when the door is opened and the stopper release mechanism (40) is released, and the stopper release mechanism (40) releases the stopper (30) and the glass plate (20 ) Is moved in the closing direction, the ventilation window (14) is vertically long, its width is narrower than 10 cm, and is provided to extend above and below the door,
Glass plate (20) is, are connected so as to be movable in the horizontal direction in the door main body (10) with its upper end through a horizontal movement mechanism (50),
When the door that opens the ventilation window (14) with the glass plate (20) in the open position is opened, the stopper release mechanism (40) releases the stopper (30) and the stopper (30) is released. The door is constructed so that the closing mechanism closes the glass plate (20). Front plate (11) And back plate (12) Through the ventilation window (14) The door body opening (Ten) And this door body (Ten) The ventilation window is arranged so that it can move horizontally inside (14) Glass plate to open and close (20) And this glass plate (20) Stops at the opened position (30) And this stopper (30) Glass plate (20) Stopper release mechanism that detects that the door is opened and releases it when it is stopped at the open position (40) And stopper release mechanism (40) Is a stopper (30) In a state to release the glass plate (20) With a closing mechanism that moves the window in the closing direction. (14) Is vertically long, with its width narrower than 10 cm, and is provided extending up and down the door,
  Stopper (30) But glass plate with magnetic attraction (20) Permanent magnet that stops in the open position (31) And
  Glass plate (20) Is in the open position and the ventilation window (14) When the door is ventilated, the stopper release mechanism (40) Is a stopper (30) Release the stopper (30) When is released, the closing mechanism is a glass plate (20) A door configured to close. Front plate (11) And back plate (12) Through the ventilation window (14) The door body opening (Ten) And this door body (Ten) The ventilation window is arranged so that it can move horizontally inside (14) Glass plate to open and close (20) And this glass plate (20) Stops at the opened position (30) And this stopper (30) Glass plate (20) Stopper release mechanism that detects that the door is opened and releases it when it is stopped at the open position (40) And stopper release mechanism (40) Is a stopper (30) In a state to release the glass plate (20) With a closing mechanism that moves the window in the closing direction. (14) Is vertically long, with its width narrower than 10 cm, and is provided extending up and down the door,
  Stopper release mechanism (40) The tilt arm is connected to the door so that it can tilt (41) And this tilting arm (41) Elastic body that elastically rotates (42) When the door is opened, the tilt arm (41) Elastic body so that it protrudes from the side of the door (42) Can tilt arm (41) Tilt the arm and move it so that it protrudes from the side of the door. (41) With the stopper protruding from the side of the door (30) To cancel
  Glass plate (20) Is in the open position and the ventilation window (14) When the door is ventilated, the stopper release mechanism (40) Is a stopper (30) Release the stopper (30) When is released, the closing mechanism is a glass plate (20) A door configured to close.

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