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JP3926045B2 - Thermosetting resin composition - Google Patents
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JP3926045B2 - Thermosetting resin composition - Google Patents

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JP3926045B2
JP3926045B2 JP26366598A JP26366598A JP3926045B2 JP 3926045 B2 JP3926045 B2 JP 3926045B2 JP 26366598 A JP26366598 A JP 26366598A JP 26366598 A JP26366598 A JP 26366598A JP 3926045 B2 JP3926045 B2 JP 3926045B2
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Prior art keywords
thermosetting resin
resin composition
resin
compound
tertiary amine
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JP26366598A
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JP2000086863A (en
Inventor
保 織原
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、硬化性に優れた熱硬化性樹脂組成物に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来からエポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリイミド樹脂、メラミン樹脂など様々な熱硬化性樹脂が開発され、それぞれの樹脂の特性に合った分野に応用されている。近年、ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン樹脂やジヒドロナフトオキサジン樹脂が、耐熱性、低吸水性、低熱膨張性、低硬化収縮などの優れた性質を有することが報告されている(J.Polym.Sci.PartB,Vol.32,921-927(1994);ibid.,Vol.34,1019-1030(1996);J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,Vol.61,1595-1605(1996))。しかしながらこれらの樹脂は、従来の他の樹脂と比較して硬化温度が高く、また硬化時間も長く、硬化性が悪いという欠点があり、商業化する上で大きな障害となっている。
【0003】
ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン樹脂の硬化触媒としては、有機酸や無機酸が有効であることは報告されている(アメリカ合衆国特許 第4501864号)。しかし、多くの熱硬化性樹脂が使用される、半導体封止材、回路基板材料などの電気・電子材料分野では、微量であっても硬化物中に残留している酸、イオンなどが、電気特性に悪影響を及ぼすため、これらの酸物質を硬化触媒として使用することはできない。
【0004】
また、1級アミンや2級アミンが、ベンゾオキサジン樹脂の硬化に有効であるとの報告がある(アメリカ合衆国特許 第4501864号,第4507428号)。しかしながら、これらのアミン類は共有結合により、ベンゾオキサジン樹脂硬化物中に取り込まれて、硬化物構造の一部となる。それ故、開環重合速度を大きくするためには、ベンゾオキサジン基1モルに対して、1級もしくは2級アミノ基が0.2モルから3.0モルの割合で添加しなければ、十分な効果は得られない。このような高比率でアミン類を添加した場合、その硬化物は単独硬化時とは構造が大きく異なり、ベンゾオキサジン樹脂硬化物が本来有する、耐熱性、低吸水性、低熱膨張性と言った優れた物性に影響を与えてしまう。一方、ジヒドロナフトオキサジン樹脂については、硬化促進剤についての記載は内が、同様な影響が推定される。従って、ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン樹脂やジヒドロナフトオキサジン樹脂を電子材料用として使用可能にする、実用上適切な硬化触媒が存在せず、商業的に利用することは困難であった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、オキサジン樹脂の硬化を促進し、実用的で硬化性に優れた熱硬化性樹脂組成物を提供することを目的とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、オキサジン樹脂のこのような現状に鑑み、鋭意検討の結果、第3級アミン化合物が少量の添加で、ジヒドロベンゾオキサジンもしくはジヒドロナフトオキサジン構造を有する熱硬化性樹脂の、硬化を促進する効果を有するとの知見を得て、本発明を完成するに至ったものである。
【0007】
即ち本発明は、ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン構造もしくはジヒドロナフトオキサジン構造を有する熱硬化性樹脂と、第3級アミン化合物とを必須成分とする熱硬化性樹脂組成物であって、樹脂成分としてジヒドロベンゾオキサジン構造もしくはジヒドロナフトオキサジン構造を有する熱硬化性樹脂のみを含有することを特徴とする熱硬化性樹脂組成物である。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明における、ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン構造もしくはジヒドロナフトオキサジン構造を有する熱硬化性樹脂は、▲1▼フェノール性水酸基を2個以上有する化合物、アミノ基を有する化合物、およびホルムアルデヒド、または▲2▼フェノール性水酸基を有する化合物、アミノ基を2個以上有する化合物、およびホルムアルデヒドを、溶媒中もしくは無溶媒中で反応させることにより調製されたものである。
【0009】
フェノール性水酸基1個を有する化合物としては、例えば、フェノール、クレゾール、ナフトールなどが使用できる。また、フェノール性水酸基を2個以上有する化合物の例としては、カテコール、ヒドロキノン、1,5−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、2,6−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、4,4'−ビフェノール、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールE、ビスフェノールF、4,4'−プロピリデンビスフェノール、4,4'−シクロペンチリデンビスフェノール、1,3−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)アダマンタン、1,3,5−トリヒドロキシベンゼン、ノボラック型フェノール樹脂、クレゾール樹脂などが挙げられる。
【0010】
アミノ基1個を有する化合物としては、例えば、アニリン、メチルアミン、エチルアミン、n−プロピルアミン、i−プロピルアミン、シクロヘキシルアミン、トルイジン、アニシジンなどが使用できる。また、アミノ基を2個以上有する化合物の例としては、1,4−ジアミノブタン、1,4−ジアミノシアノヘキサン、ジアミノジフェニルメタンなどが挙げられる。
【0011】
ホルムアルデヒドとしては、水溶液であるホルマリン、あるいは重合物であるパラホルムアルデヒドのいずれも使用することが出来る。
【0012】
樹脂を合成するための反応溶媒としては、水、1−プロパノール、2−プロパノール、1−ブタノール、1,4−ジオキサン、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、トルエン、キシレンなどの、単独もしくは混合溶媒を使用することができる。
【0013】
フェノール性水酸基のすべてを反応せるため、フェノール性水酸基1モルに対して、アミノ基1モル、およびホルムアルデヒド2モル以上を用いるのが望ましい。反応温度は100℃以上130℃以下で行うのが望ましい。反応温度が100℃より低い場合は反応が進行せず、130℃より高温では、一旦生成したオキサジン環が開環し、別のフェノール性水酸基近辺との間で結合反応を生じてオリゴマー化するという副反応が促進されるので好ましくない。反応時間は反応温度にもよるが、2時間から6時間で完結する。
【0014】
反応終了後、溶媒を留去した後、必要に応じて水洗浄またはアルカリ洗浄操作を行ない、未反応のフェノール性水酸基を有する化合物、アミン類、およびホルムアルデヒドを除去することにより、ジヒドロキシベンゾオキサジン構造もしくはジビドロキシナフトオキサジン構造を有する樹脂が得られる。
【0015】
本発明において硬化促進剤となる第3級アミンの例としては、トリエチルアミン、ピリジン、ピコリン、トリエタノールアミン、ベンジルジメチルアミン、2−(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノール、2,4,6−トリス(ジアミノメチル)フェノール、N,N'−ジメチルピペラジン、1,8−ジアザビシクロ−[5,4,0]−7−ウンデセン(DBU)、1,4−ジアザビシクロ[2,2,2]オクタン(TEDA/トリエチレンジアミン)などが挙げられるが、これらの中で、2環性複素環化合物であるDBUやTEDAがより好ましい。
【0016】
これらの第3級アミンを、ジヒドロキシベンゾオキサジン構造もしくはジビドロキシナフトオキサジン構造を有する熱硬化性樹脂に対して、0.1〜5重量%配合する。
【0017】
本発明の熱硬化性樹脂組成物は、半導体封止材料、回路基板材料などの電子材料、あるいは一般成形材料などに使用できるが、そのためには必要に応じて、無機フィラー、有機フィラー、色素、離型剤など、当業者に公知である各種充填剤、添加剤を組み合わせて配合することは何ら差し支えない。
【0018】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれによって何ら限定されるものではない。先ず、ジヒドロキシベンゾオキサジン樹脂を合成し、これに硬化促進剤となる第3級アミンを混合して樹脂組成物を調製し、特性評価のため、示差熱量計による発熱挙動およびゲル化時間を測定した。それぞれの評価方法は下記の通りとした。
【0019】
1.示差熱量計による発熱挙動
樹脂組成物を10℃/分の昇温速度で加熱し、その時の発熱開始温度、発熱ピーク温度、および発熱終了温度を測定した。
【0020】
2.ゲル化時間
200℃に加熱した熱板上に樹脂組成物を載せて、金属製のへらを用いて一定の速さで掻きまぜ、ゲル化するまでの時間(秒)を測定した。
【0019】
[合成例]
フラスコに、1−プロパノール30重量部と37%ホルマリン11.5重量部を入れ、液温を5℃に保ち撹拌しながら、1−プロパノール20重量部とアニリン15.4重量部との混合液を、滴下して加えた。さらに、2,2−ビス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン20重量部を1−プロパノール100重量部に溶解した溶液を、同様に滴下して加え、滴下終了後、還流温度まで昇温しそのまま2時間反応を続けた。その後溶媒を留去し、ジヒドロキシベンゾオキサジン樹脂を得た。
【0020】
[実施例1〜3、および比較例1]
得られた樹脂に、表1に示した各種の第3級アミン(硬化促進剤)をそれぞれ1%(比較例では無添加)混合し、120℃に加熱した熱板上で1分間、金属製のへらを用いて一定の速さで掻きまぜ、第3級アミンを均一に溶解させた。これを放冷して固化した後、粉砕して発熱挙動およびゲル化時間の測定に供した。評価結果は表1に示した通りであった。
【0021】
【表1】

Figure 0003926045
【0022】
表1に示した結果から分かるように、硬化促進剤として第3級アミンを添加した、本発明の実施例ではいずれも発熱開始温度が大幅に低くなっており、発熱ピーク温度と発熱終了温度も全般に低くなっている。また、ゲル化時間も1/2〜1/3程度に短縮されており、第3級アミンがジヒドロキシベンゾオキサジン構造もしくはジビドロキシナフトオキサジン構造を有する熱硬化性樹脂の硬化促進剤として効果を有することが明白である。さらに、第3級アミンの中でも、DBUやTEDAなどの2環性複素環化合物の効果がより優れていることが分かる。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
第3級アミンを硬化促進剤とする、本発明のジヒドロキシベンゾオキサジン構造もしくはジビドロキシナフトオキサジン構造を有する熱硬化性樹脂組成物は、この樹脂が持つ耐熱性、低吸水性、低熱膨張性などの特性を損なうことなく、硬化性を向上させたもので、半導体封止材料、回路基板材料などの電子材料、あるいは一般成形材料などにも使用可能で極めて有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a thermosetting resin composition having excellent curability.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various thermosetting resins such as epoxy resins, phenol resins, polyimide resins, and melamine resins have been developed and applied to fields that match the characteristics of each resin. In recent years, it has been reported that dihydrobenzoxazine resin and dihydronaphthoxazine resin have excellent properties such as heat resistance, low water absorption, low thermal expansion, and low curing shrinkage (J. Polym. Sci. Part B, Vol. 32, 921-927 (1994); ibid., Vol. 34, 1019-1030 (1996); J. Appl. Polym. Sci., Vol. 61, 1595-1605 (1996)). However, these resins are disadvantageous in that they have a high curing temperature, a long curing time, and poor curability as compared with other conventional resins, which is a major obstacle to commercialization.
[0003]
It has been reported that organic acids and inorganic acids are effective as curing catalysts for dihydrobenzoxazine resins (US Patent No. 4501864). However, in the field of electrical and electronic materials such as semiconductor encapsulants and circuit board materials, where many thermosetting resins are used, acids and ions remaining in the cured product, even in trace amounts, These acid substances cannot be used as curing catalysts because they adversely affect the properties.
[0004]
In addition, it has been reported that primary amines and secondary amines are effective for curing benzoxazine resins (US Pat. Nos. 4501864 and 4507428). However, these amines are incorporated into the cured benzoxazine resin by a covalent bond and become a part of the cured product structure. Therefore, in order to increase the rate of ring-opening polymerization, it is sufficient if the primary or secondary amino group is not added at a ratio of 0.2 to 3.0 moles per mole of the benzoxazine group There is no effect. When amines are added at such a high ratio, the cured product has a structure that is greatly different from that of single curing, and the benzoxazine resin cured product originally has excellent heat resistance, low water absorption, and low thermal expansion. It will affect the physical properties. On the other hand, with respect to the dihydronaphthoxazine resin, the description of the curing accelerator is the same, but the same influence is estimated. Therefore, there is no practically appropriate curing catalyst that makes it possible to use dihydrobenzoxazine resin or dihydronaphthoxazine resin for electronic materials, and it has been difficult to use commercially.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a thermosetting resin composition that promotes curing of an oxazine resin and is practical and excellent in curability.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In view of the present situation of oxazine resins, the present inventors have intensively studied to cure a thermosetting resin having a dihydrobenzoxazine or dihydronaphthoxazine structure by adding a small amount of a tertiary amine compound. The inventor has obtained the knowledge that it has the effect of promoting, and has completed the present invention.
[0007]
That is, the present invention relates to a thermosetting resin composition comprising a thermosetting resin having a dihydrobenzoxazine structure or a dihydronaphthoxazine structure and a tertiary amine compound as essential components, and the dihydrobenzoxazine structure as a resin component. Or it is a thermosetting resin composition characterized by containing only the thermosetting resin which has a dihydronaphthoxazine structure .
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The thermosetting resin having a dihydrobenzoxazine structure or a dihydronaphthoxazine structure in the present invention includes: (1) a compound having two or more phenolic hydroxyl groups, a compound having an amino group, and formaldehyde, or (2) a phenolic hydroxyl group. Prepared by reacting a compound having an amino group, a compound having two or more amino groups, and formaldehyde in a solvent or without a solvent.
[0009]
As the compound having one phenolic hydroxyl group, for example, phenol, cresol, naphthol and the like can be used. Examples of the compound having two or more phenolic hydroxyl groups include catechol, hydroquinone, 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, 4,4′-biphenol, bisphenol A, bisphenol E, bisphenol F, 4,4′-propylidene bisphenol, 4,4′-cyclopentylidene bisphenol, 1,3-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) adamantane, 1,3,5-trihydroxybenzene, novolac type phenol resin, cresol resin, etc. Is mentioned.
[0010]
As the compound having one amino group, for example, aniline, methylamine, ethylamine, n-propylamine, i-propylamine, cyclohexylamine, toluidine, anisidine and the like can be used. Examples of the compound having two or more amino groups include 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,4-diaminocyanohexane, diaminodiphenylmethane, and the like.
[0011]
As formaldehyde, either formalin which is an aqueous solution or paraformaldehyde which is a polymer can be used.
[0012]
As reaction solvents for synthesizing the resin, water, 1-propanol, 2-propanol, 1-butanol, 1,4-dioxane, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, toluene, xylene These can be used alone or in combination.
[0013]
In order to react all phenolic hydroxyl groups, it is desirable to use 1 mol of amino group and 2 mol or more of formaldehyde with respect to 1 mol of phenolic hydroxyl group. The reaction temperature is desirably 100 ° C. or higher and 130 ° C. or lower. When the reaction temperature is lower than 100 ° C., the reaction does not proceed. When the reaction temperature is higher than 130 ° C., the once formed oxazine ring is ring-opened, resulting in a binding reaction with another phenolic hydroxyl group and oligomerizing. This is not preferable because side reactions are promoted. Although the reaction time depends on the reaction temperature, it is completed in 2 to 6 hours.
[0014]
After completion of the reaction, after distilling off the solvent, water washing or alkali washing operation is performed as necessary to remove the unreacted phenolic hydroxyl group-containing compound, amines, and formaldehyde, thereby obtaining a dihydroxybenzoxazine structure or A resin having a dividroxynaphthoxazine structure is obtained.
[0015]
Examples of tertiary amines that serve as curing accelerators in the present invention include triethylamine, pyridine, picoline, triethanolamine, benzyldimethylamine, 2- (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, 2,4,6-tris (diaminomethyl). ) Phenol, N, N′-dimethylpiperazine, 1,8-diazabicyclo- [5,4,0] -7-undecene (DBU), 1,4-diazabicyclo [2,2,2] octane (TEDA / triethylenediamine) Among them, DBU and TEDA which are bicyclic heterocyclic compounds are more preferable.
[0016]
These tertiary amines are blended in an amount of 0.1 to 5% by weight with respect to the thermosetting resin having a dihydroxybenzoxazine structure or a dividroxynaphthoxazine structure.
[0017]
The thermosetting resin composition of the present invention can be used for electronic materials such as semiconductor sealing materials and circuit board materials, or general molding materials. For that purpose, inorganic fillers, organic fillers, dyes, Any combination of various fillers and additives known to those skilled in the art, such as a release agent, may be used.
[0018]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto. First, a dihydroxybenzoxazine resin was synthesized, and a tertiary amine serving as a curing accelerator was mixed therewith to prepare a resin composition, and the exothermic behavior and gelation time were measured by a differential calorimeter for characteristic evaluation. . Each evaluation method was as follows.
[0019]
1. Exothermic behavior with a differential calorimeter The resin composition was heated at a rate of temperature increase of 10 ° C./min, and the exothermic start temperature, exothermic peak temperature, and exothermic end temperature were measured.
[0020]
2. The resin composition was placed on a hot plate heated to a gelation time of 200 ° C., stirred at a constant speed using a metal spatula, and the time (seconds) until gelation was measured.
[0019]
[Synthesis example]
Into the flask, 30 parts by weight of 1-propanol and 11.5 parts by weight of 37% formalin were added, and a liquid mixture of 20 parts by weight of 1-propanol and 15.4 parts by weight of aniline was stirred while maintaining the liquid temperature at 5 ° C. Added dropwise. Further, a solution prepared by dissolving 20 parts by weight of 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane in 100 parts by weight of 1-propanol was added dropwise in the same manner. The reaction continued. Thereafter, the solvent was distilled off to obtain a dihydroxybenzoxazine resin.
[0020]
[Examples 1-3 and Comparative Example 1]
Each of the obtained resins was mixed with various tertiary amines (curing accelerators) shown in Table 1 at 1% (no addition in the comparative example) and heated on a hot plate heated to 120 ° C. for 1 minute. Using a spatula, the mixture was stirred at a constant speed to uniformly dissolve the tertiary amine. This was allowed to cool and solidified, and then pulverized to measure the exothermic behavior and gelation time. The evaluation results were as shown in Table 1.
[0021]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003926045
[0022]
As can be seen from the results shown in Table 1, in all the examples of the present invention in which a tertiary amine was added as a curing accelerator, the exothermic start temperature was significantly lowered, and the exothermic peak temperature and the exothermic end temperature were Generally low. In addition, the gelation time is also shortened to about 1/2 to 1/3, and the tertiary amine has an effect as a curing accelerator for a thermosetting resin having a dihydroxybenzoxazine structure or a dividroxynaphthoxazine structure. It is obvious. Furthermore, it turns out that the effect of bicyclic heterocyclic compounds, such as DBU and TEDA, is more excellent among tertiary amines.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
The thermosetting resin composition having a dihydroxybenzoxazine structure or dividroxynaphthoxazine structure of the present invention using a tertiary amine as a curing accelerator is the heat resistance, low water absorption, low thermal expansion, etc. of this resin. It has improved curability without impairing its properties, and can be used for electronic materials such as semiconductor sealing materials and circuit board materials, or general molding materials, and is extremely useful.

Claims (4)

ジヒドロベンゾオキサジン構造もしくはジヒドロナフトオキサジン構造を有する熱硬化性樹脂と、第3級アミン化合物とを必須成分とする熱硬化性樹脂組成物であって、樹脂成分としてジヒドロベンゾオキサジン構造もしくはジヒドロナフトオキサジン構造を有する熱硬化性樹脂のみを含有することを特徴とする熱硬化性樹脂組成物。A thermosetting resin composition comprising a thermosetting resin having a dihydrobenzoxazine structure or a dihydronaphthoxazine structure and a tertiary amine compound as essential components, wherein the dihydrobenzoxazine structure or dihydronaphthoxazine structure is used as the resin component A thermosetting resin composition characterized by containing only a thermosetting resin having the following. 第3級アミン化合物が、2環性複素環化合物であることを特徴とする、請求項1記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。The thermosetting resin composition according to claim 1, wherein the tertiary amine compound is a bicyclic heterocyclic compound. 2環性複素環化合物である第3級アミン化合物が、1,8−ジアザビシクロ−[5,4,0]−7−ウンデセンであることを特徴とする、請求項2記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。The thermosetting resin composition according to claim 2, wherein the tertiary amine compound which is a bicyclic heterocyclic compound is 1,8-diazabicyclo- [5,4,0] -7-undecene. object. 2環性複素環化合物である第3級アミン化合物が、1,4−ジアザビシクロ−[2,2,2]オクタンであることを特徴とする、請求項2記載の熱硬化性樹脂組成物。The thermosetting resin composition according to claim 2, wherein the tertiary amine compound which is a bicyclic heterocyclic compound is 1,4-diazabicyclo- [2,2,2] octane.
JP26366598A 1998-09-17 1998-09-17 Thermosetting resin composition Expired - Fee Related JP3926045B2 (en)

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JP2002047391A (en) * 2000-07-31 2002-02-12 Hitachi Chem Co Ltd Thermosetting resin composition for sealing and electronic component device
DE602008001878D1 (en) * 2007-02-08 2010-09-02 Huntsman Adv Mat Switzerland HEAT-CURABLE COMPOSITION
EP2314579A1 (en) 2009-10-22 2011-04-27 Henkel AG & Co. KGaA Fast-curing benzoxazine compounds
JP2013508486A (en) 2009-10-22 2013-03-07 ヘンケル・アクチェンゲゼルシャフト・ウント・コムパニー・コマンディットゲゼルシャフト・アウフ・アクチェン Curable composition containing benzoxazine compound and sulfonate ester having cyclic structure as heat activation catalyst
EP2493958A1 (en) 2009-10-27 2012-09-05 Henkel AG & Co. KGaA Benzoxazine-containing compositions
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EP2336221A1 (en) 2010-12-10 2011-06-22 Henkel AG & Co. KGaA Curable compositions
JP6766316B2 (en) * 2014-12-24 2020-10-14 Dic株式会社 Benzoxazine compound, benzoxazine resin, method for producing benzoxazine compound, curable resin composition, cured product thereof, FRP material, semiconductor encapsulant material, varnish, circuit board, prepreg, and build-up film.
JP6690120B2 (en) * 2014-12-24 2020-04-28 Dic株式会社 Benzoxazine compound, benzoxazine resin, method for producing benzoxazine compound, curable resin composition, cured product thereof, FRP material, semiconductor encapsulating material, varnish, circuit board, prepreg, and build-up film
ES2943008T3 (en) * 2015-03-04 2023-06-08 Huntsman Advanced Mat Americas Llc Low Temperature Curable Benzoxazine Composition
CN107735427B (en) * 2015-06-09 2021-06-04 3M创新有限公司 Ammonium Salt-Catalyzed Benzoxazine Polymerization
KR102383690B1 (en) 2016-06-30 2022-04-06 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 Benzoxazine mixture and the usage thereof

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