JP3929772B2

JP3929772B2 - Heavy material stair climbing method and rail fixing jig

Info

Publication number: JP3929772B2
Application number: JP2001389053A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 譲治林; 隆則平
Original assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Current assignee: Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Priority date: 2001-12-21
Filing date: 2001-12-21
Publication date: 2007-06-13
Anticipated expiration: 2021-12-21
Also published as: JP2003182586A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、建設工事等において、階段を利用して行われる重量のある設備等の搬入や撤去に適用される重量物の階段昇降工法およびレール固定治具に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
階段を利用して荷物を昇降させる従来装置としては、人力走行用の主車輪および補助車輪、階段走行用のゴムクローラ車、ゴムクローラ車の駆動用モータを備えたゴムクローラ車付き台車がある。このゴムクローラ車付き台車を用い、階段を利用して荷物を昇降させる場合、まず荷物を荷台に固縛し、主車輪および補助車輪を使用して人力にて階段下（或いは上）まで搬送する。ついで、補助車輪を格納し、モータを駆動してゴムクローラ車を回転させる。そして、ゴムクローラの凹凸を階段の踏み段エッジに係合させ、ゴムクローラ車の回転により、階段を昇降させる。
【０００３】
このゴムクローラ車付き台車は、モータを搭載していることから、重く、空荷の場合にも取り廻り性が悪い。また、ゴムクローラの凹凸ピッチと階段の踏み段ピッチとが合わないと、滑りが発生してしまう。さらに、移動速度が遅い。
そこで、このゴムクローラ車付き台車を用いて大量の荷物を連続して搬送するには、取り廻り性の悪さおよび移動速度の遅さをカバーするために、ゴムクローラ車付き台車を多数台用意する必要があり、しかも階段の踏み段ピッチに適合したゴムクローラ車付き台車を用意する必要があり、さらには、ゴムクローラ車付き台車は高価であるので、大量の荷物を連続して搬送する用途には適さない。
また、ゴムクローラ車付き台車は、ゴムクローラの凹凸と階段の踏み段との係合により昇降するので、踏み段のエッジ加工部が剥がれる恐れがある。
【０００４】
そこで、階段を利用して大量の荷物を昇降させる場合には、高価な装置を用いることなく、かつ、安価に階段の養生ができるという利点から、階段にベニヤ板からなるスロープを布設し、手押し台車を用いてスロープ上を走向させて階段を昇降させる階段昇降工法が一般的に採られている。
【０００５】
ここで、階段を利用して荷物を昇降させる場合に一般的に採られている従来の重量物の階段昇降工法について図２２および図２３を参照しつつ説明する。
まず、単管足場材１が所定毎の踏み段３に配置される。ついで、支持用角材４が階段２の勾配に沿って階段２上に立て掛けられ、締着具５により単管足場材１に締着固定される。このようにして、支持用角材４が２列になって階段２の全長にわたって延設される。そして、ベニヤ板６が２列に布設された支持用角材２上に掛け渡され、釘７等により支持用角材２に固定される。これにより、図２２に示されるように、スロープ８が階段２の全長にわたって布設される。
【０００６】
ついで、図２３の（ａ）に示されるように、荷物９が２台の手押し台車１０に載せられ、手押し台車１０を押して階段２の下まで搬送される。そして、図２３の（ｂ）に示されるように、後方の手押し台車１０を押して、先ずは前方の手押し台車１０をスロープ８上に押し上げ、ついには後方の手押し台車１０までをスロープ８上に押し上げる。そして、図２３の（ｃ）に示されるように、２台の手押し台車１０を荷物９毎スロープ８上を走向させて、荷物９を階段２の頂上部まで搬送する。そして、荷物９が階段２の頂上部までに達すると、荷物９の前方側を階段２の上部側に押し出す。この時、前方の手押し台車１０は、図２３の（ｄ）に示されるように、荷台後端部で荷物９の荷重を受けている。そして、後方の手押し台車１０を押して荷物９を階段２の頂上部を乗り越えさせる。これにより、荷物９が階段２を登り上がることになる。
【０００７】
また、上述操作を逆にすることで、階段２を利用して荷物９を降ろすことができる。
そして、荷物９の階段２の昇降が終了すれば、ベニヤ板６を剥がし、支持用角材４を取り外して、スロープ８を解体し、荷物９の搬送作業が完了する。
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
この従来の重量物の階段昇降工法は、以上のように、階段２の養生のためにベニヤ板６を階段２の全長にわたって延設してスロープ８を布設し、作業者が手押し台車１０を押して荷物９ごとスロープ８を上り下りして行われていた。
そこで、作業者は、滑りやすい平らなスロープ８上にのって、手押し台車１０をスロープ８上を押し上げる、或いは下げる必要があり、さらに手押し台車１０の直進性が確保しにくく、安全性の面で問題があった。
また、荷物９の昇降作業が全て人力によってなされているので、作業効率が低下する。
また、手押し台車１０をスロープ８に載せる過程では、図２３の（ｂ）に示されるように、荷物９が手押し台車１０の荷台に点当たりとなってしまい、荷物９が不安定となり、転倒の恐れがあった。
【０００９】
この発明は、上述のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、作業者の足場および昇降の直進性が容易に確保され、作業者の負荷が軽減され、階段アプローチ時の重量物の安定性が確保される安価な重量物の階段昇降工法およびそれに適用されるレール固定治具を得ることを目的とする。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明に係るレール固定治具は、連結部材により所定間隔を持って、かつ、その主面を同一面位置として連結一体化された平板状の一対の基台と、それぞれねじ穴がコ字状の１辺に形成された断面コ字状に形成され、上記一対の基台の各主面上に、該主面と平行な、かつ、軸心を互いに一致させた軸周りに回動可能に、かつ、そのコ字状の溝方向を該軸の軸心に直交させて取り付けられた一対の第１受け部材と、上記ねじ穴に螺着された固定ねじとを備えたものである。
【００１２】
また、一対のガイド部材が、上記各基台の主面上に、上記各第１受け部材のコ字状の溝方向の一側に、該ガイド部材間の間隙を該受け部材から離れるにつれ大きくするように配設されているものである。
【００１３】
また、それぞれねじ穴がコ字状の１辺に形成された断面コ字状に形成された一対の第２受け部材が、それぞれ上記基台の主面上に、上記各第１受け部材のコ字状の溝方向の一側に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該第１受け部材のコ字状の溝方向に一致させて取り付けられているものである。
【００１４】
また、この発明に係るレール固定治具は、それぞれ断面Ｌ字状に形成され、連結部材により所定間隔を持って、かつ、その主面および折り曲げ辺を同一面位置として連結一体化された一対の基台と、それぞれねじ穴がコ字状の１辺に形成された断面コ字状に形成され、上記一対の基台の各主面上に、Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部と平行な、かつ、軸心を互いに一致させた第１軸周りに回動可能に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該第１軸の軸心に直交させて、さらに、その一側を上記Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部から延出させて取り付けられた一対の第１受け部材と、上記ねじ穴に螺着された固定ねじとを備えたものである。
【００１５】
また、それぞれねじ穴がコ字状の１辺に形成された断面コ字状に形成された一対の第２受け部材が、それぞれ上記基台の主面上に、上記各第１受け部材の反Ｌ字折り曲げ部側に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該第１受け部材のコ字状の溝方向に一致させて取り付けられ、ガイドローラが、上記連結部材に、上記第１軸と平行な第２軸周りに回転可能に取り付けられているものである。
【００１６】
また、上記基台の裏面にゴムシートが装着されているものである。
【００１７】
また、この発明に係る重量物の階段昇降工法は、平板状の一対の基台が所定間隔を持って連結部材により連結一体化され、かつ、断面コ字状の第１受け部材が各基台に該基台の主面と平行な、かつ、互いに軸心を一致させた軸周りに回動可能に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該軸の軸心と直交させて取り付けられた階段最下部設置用レール固定治具を、階段の最下部床面に設置し、
断面Ｌ字状の一対の基台が所定間隔を持って連結部材により連結一体化され、かつ、断面コ字状の第１受け部材が各基台に該基台のＬ字状の折り曲げ部と平行な、かつ、互いに軸心を一致させた軸周りに回動可能に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該軸の軸心と直交させて、さらにその一端側を該Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部から延出させて取り付けられた階段中間部設置用レール固定治具を、該Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部を踏み段のエッジ部に係合させて上記階段の踏み段に設置し、
断面Ｌ字状の一対の基台が所定間隔を持って連結部材により連結一体化され、断面コ字状の第１受け部材が各基台に該基台のＬ字状の折り曲げ部と平行な、かつ、互いに軸心を一致させた第１軸周りに回動可能に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該軸の軸心と直交させて、さらにその一端側を該Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部から延出させて取り付けられ、かつ、ガイドローラが上記連結部材に上記第１軸と平行な第２軸周りに回転可能に取り付けられた階段最上部設置用レール固定治具を、該Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部を上記階段の最上部のエッジ部に係合させて上記階段の最上部に設置するレール固定治具の設置工程と、
所定長さの断面コ字状のレール部材を上記階段最下部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材、上記階段中間部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材および上記階段最上部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材に挿入させ、ついで該レール部材を上記各第１受け部材に締着固定して、上記階段の全長にわたって一対のレールを平行に布設するレール布設工程と、
上記階段の最上階に巻き上げ機を設置する巻き上げ機設置工程と、
荷物が荷台に固縛されたキャスタ付き台車が上記階段の最下部にあるときには、牽引ロープの一端を上記台車に連結し、上記ガイドローラに掛け渡した後、その他端を上記巻き上げ機に巻き付け、ついで該巻き上げ機を駆動して該牽引ロープを巻き取り、上記キャスタの車輪を上記一対のレールの下部から該レール内に導き入れ、該一対のレール内を走向させて、上記台車を上記階段の最上部に搬送し、また、上記台車が上記階段の最上部にあるときには、上記巻き上げ機に巻き取られた上記牽引ロープの一端を上記台車に連結し、ついで該巻き上げ機を駆動して該牽引ロープを繰り出し、上記キャスタの車輪を上記一対のレールの上部から該レール内に導き入れ、該牽引ロープを上記ガイドローラに掛け渡して該一対のレール内を走向させて、上記台車を上記階段の最下部に搬送して、上記台車を昇降させる工程
とを備えたものである。
【００１８】
また、上記レール固定治具の設置工程において、
断面Ｌ字状の一対の基台が所定間隔を持って連結部材により連結一体化され、断面コ字状の第１受け部材が各基台に該基台のＬ字状の折り曲げ部と平行な、かつ、互いに軸心を一致させた軸周りに回動可能に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該軸の軸心と直交させて、さらにその一端側を該Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部から延出させて取り付けられ、さらに断面コ字状の第２受け部材が、各基台の上記第１受け部材の反Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部側に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該第１受け部材のコ字状の溝方向に一致させて取り付けられた階段踊り場設置用レール固定治具を、該Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部を踊り場のエッジ部に係合させて上記階段の踊り場に設置する工程と、
平板状の一対の基台が所定間隔を持って連結部材により連結一体化され、断面コ字状の第１受け部材が各基台に該基台の主面と平行な、かつ、互いに軸心を一致させた軸周りに回動可能に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該軸の軸心と直交させて取り付けられ、さらに断面コ字状の第２受け部材が、各基台の上記第１受け部材の一側に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該第１受け部材のコ字状の溝方向に一致させて取り付けられた階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具を、上記第１受け部材を上記階段の踏み段下部側に位置させて上記踊り場床面に設置する工程とを備え、
上記レール布設工程において、
上記レール部材を、上記階段最下部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材、上記階段中間部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材および上記階段踊り場設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材に挿入させ、ついで該レール部材を上記各第１受け部材に締着固定する工程と、
上記レール部材を、上記階段踊り場設置用レール固定治具の第２受け部材および上記階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具の第２受け部材に挿入させ、ついで該レール部材を上記各第２受け部材に締着固定する工程と、
上記レール部材を、上記階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材、上記階段中間部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材および上記階段最上部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材に挿入させ、ついで該レール部材を上記各第１受け部材に締着固定する工程とを備えているものである。
【００１９】
また、上記台車は、４対のキャスタが荷台の裏面前後に２対ずつ装着されているものである。
【００２０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、この発明の実施の形態を図について説明する。
実施の形態１．
図１はこの発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される台車の構造を説明する図であり、図１の（ａ）は側面図、図１の（ｂ）は正面図、図１の（ｃ）は裏面図である。図２はこの台車の水平面から上り傾面へのアプローチ動作を説明する図、図３はこの台車の上り傾面から水平面へのアプローチ動作を説明する図である。
【００２１】
図１において、台車２０は、ベニヤ板からなる矩形平板状の荷台２１と、荷台２１の裏面前後に着脱自在に装着された４輪自在キャスタ台車２２、２３と、荷台２１の後端部から延設された荷物滑り防止用レバー２６とを備えている。
そして、４輪自在キャスタ台車２２、２３は、枠状に成形されたアルミ製の基台２４と、基台２４の四隅にそれぞれ締着固定された自在キャスタ２５とからなり、取付ボルトおよびナット等の締結具（図示せず）により荷台２１の裏面前後に取り付けられている。また、固縛ベルト固定用金具２７が基台２４、レバー２６に取り付けられている。
【００２２】
ついで、この台車２０を用いて荷物９を搬送する場合について図２および図３を参照しつつ説明する。
まず、荷物９は、荷台２１上に載置され、固縛ベルト２８により固定用金具２７を利用して荷台２１に固縛される。そして、荷物９を押しながら、キャスタ２５を走向させ、搬送される。
そして、水平面から上り斜面に移行する際には、図２に示されるように、４輪自在キャスタ台車２２の前輪と、４輪自在キャスタ台車２３の後輪とで荷重を受けて、斜面に登る。また、上り斜面から水平面に移行する際には、図３に示されるように、４輪自在キャスタ台車２２の後輪と、４輪自在キャスタ台車２３の前輪とで荷重を受けて、水平面に移行する。
【００２３】
この種台車においては、上り斜面から水平面へのアプローチ時に、荷台の裏面が斜面と水平面との交差部に触らないように車輪の口径を設定する必要がある。この台車２０では、４輪自在キャスタ台車２２、２３が荷台２１の裏面前後に装着されているので、水平面から上り斜面へのアプローチ時には、外側の２対の車輪で荷重を受け、上り斜面から水平面へのアプローチ時には、内側の２対の車輪で加重を受ける。そこで、車輪の口径を低くすることができ、即ち車高を低くすることができ、荷物９の搬送の安定性を向上させることができる。
また、ゴムクローラ車、その駆動モータ等の特殊な構成が不要となり、台車の低価格化、軽量化が図られる。
【００２４】
ここで、荷台２１を１０１９ｍｍ×２０１８ｍｍの大きさとし、キャスタ２５を荷台２１の裏面に、前後端部から７５ｍｍの位置に取り付けた４輪の台車を作製したところ、スロープの勾配が４５度の場合、上り斜面から水平面へのアプローチ時、荷台２１がスロープと水平面との交差部に触らないようにスロープから水平面に移行させるには、車輪の口径を２００ｍｍ以上とする必要があった。
また、キャスタ２５を荷台２１の裏面に、前後端部から４７５ｍｍの位置に取り付けた４輪の台車を作製し、車輪の口径を１５０ｍｍとしたところ、スロープの勾配が４５度の場合、上り斜面から水平面へのアプローチ時、荷台２１がスロープと水平面との交差部に触らないようにスロープから水平面に移行できた。しかし、水平面から上り斜面へのアプローチ時、荷台２１の前端部がスロープに当たってしまうという不具合があった。
【００２５】
一方、キャスタ２５を荷台２１の裏面に、前後端部から７５ｍｍおよび４７５ｍｍの位置に取り付けて８輪の台車２０を作製したところ、スロープの勾配が４５度であっても、車輪の口径を１５０ｍｍとすれば、上り斜面から水平面へのアプローチ時、荷台２１がスロープと水平面との交差部に触らないようにスロープから水平面に移行でき、水平面から上り斜面へのアプローチ時、荷台２１の前端部がスロープに当たることなく、水平面からスロープに移行できることが確認できた。
【００２６】
つぎに、この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される固定治具について説明する。
図４および図５はそれぞれこの発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される階段最下部設置用レール固定治具を示す上面図および側面図、図６および図７はそれぞれこの発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される階段中間部設置用レール固定治具を示す上面図および側面図、図８および図９はそれぞれこの発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具を示す上面図および側面図、図１０および図１１はそれぞれこの発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具を示す上面図および側面図、図１２および図１３はそれぞれこの発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用されるレール連結部設置用レール固定治具を示す上面図および側面図である。
なお、図４、図６、図８、図１０および図１２においては、中心線の一側のみの構成を示しているが、各固定治具は中心線Ｘを中心に対称に構成されている。
【００２７】
階段最下部設置用レール固定治具３０は、図４および図５に示されるように、鋼材で作製された平板状の一対の基台３１が、鋼材で作製された２本のＬ字状の連結部材３２により連結されて構成されている。そして、鋼材、例えばＣ型チャネルで作製されたコ字状の受け部材３３が、コ字状の底部裏面を基台３１側に向けて、各基台３１の主面３１ａに、コ字状の溝方向一側の下部を主面３１ａと平行な軸３４周り回動自在に、かつ、そのコ字状の溝方向を軸３４に直交させて取り付けられている。ここで、一対の基台３１に取り付けられた両受け部材３３は、そのコ字状の溝方向が平行に、かつ、軸３４の軸心が一致している。また、Ｌ字状の一対のガイド部材３５が受け部材３３のコ字状の溝方向一側で、各基台３１の主面３１ａに口開き状に取り付けられている。さらに、２つのねじ穴３３ａが各受け部材３３のコ字状の一辺にコ字状の溝方向に離間して形成され、固定ねじ３６が各ねじ穴３３ａに螺着されている。
なお、受け部材３３がＣ型チャネルで作製されているので、コ字状の両辺がその内壁面を傾斜面とする先細り形状になっている。そこで、スペーサ３７が各受け部材３３のコ字状の他辺内壁面に取り付けられ、受け部材３３の底面と直交する受け面３７ａを構成している。
【００２８】
階段中間部設置用レール固定治具４０は、図６および図７に示されるように、鋼材で作製されたＬ字状の一対の基台４１が、鋼材で作製された２本のＬ字状の連結部材４２により連結されて構成されている。なお、１本の連結部材４２は、一対の基台４１のＬ字折り曲げ部の外壁面に密接させて固定されている。そして、鋼材、例えばＣ型チャネルで作製されたコ字状の受け部材４３が、コ字状の底部裏面を基台４１側に向けて、各基台４１の主面４１ａに、コ字状の溝方向中央の下部を主面４１ａと平行な軸４４周り回動自在に、かつ、そのコ字状の溝方向を軸４４に直交させて取り付けられている。ここで、一対の基台４１に取り付けられた両受け部材４３は、そのコ字状の溝方向が平行に、かつ、軸４４（第１軸）の軸心が一致し、さらにそのコ字状の溝方向の一端部がＬ字折り曲げ部から延出している。さらに、２つのねじ穴４３ａが各受け部材４３のコ字状の一辺にコ字状の溝方向に離間して形成され、固定ねじ４６が各ねじ穴４３ａに螺着されている。
なお、受け部材４３がＣ型チャネルで作製されているので、コ字状の両辺がその内壁面を傾斜面とする先細り形状になっている。そこで、スペーサ４７が各受け部材４３のコ字状の他辺内壁面に取り付けられ、受け部材４３の底面と直交する受け面４７ａを構成している。
【００２９】
階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具５０は、図８および図９に示されるように、鋼材で作製されたＬ字状の一対の基台５１が、鋼材で作製された２本のＬ字状の連結部材５２により連結されて構成されている。なお、１本の連結部材５２は、一対の基台５１のＬ字折り曲げ部の外壁面に密接させて固定されている。そして、鋼材、例えばＣ型チャネルで作製されたコ字状の第１受け部材５３が、コ字状の底部裏面を基台５１側に向けて、各基台５１の主面５１ａのＬ字折り曲げ部側に、コ字状の溝方向一側の下部を主面５１ａと平行な軸５４（第１軸）周り回動自在に、かつ、そのコ字状の溝方向を軸５４に直交させて取り付けられている。ここで、一対の基台５１に取り付けられた両第１受け部材５３は、そのコ字状の溝方向が平行に、かつ、軸５４の軸心が一致し、さらにそのコ字状の溝方向他側がＬ字折り曲げ部から延出している。さらに、２つのねじ穴５３ａが各第１受け部材５３のコ字状の一辺にコ字状の溝方向に離間して形成され、固定ねじ５６が各ねじ穴５３ａに螺着されている。そして、鋼材、例えばＣ型チャネルで作製されたコ字状の第２受け部材５５が、第１受け部材５３のコ字状の溝方向一側（反Ｌ字折り曲げ部側）で、コ字状の底部裏面を基台５１側に向けて、各基台５１の主面５１ａに、コ字状の溝方向を第１受け部材５３のコ字状の溝方向に一致させて、かつ、所定高さ（ｈ）嵩上げされて取り付けられている。ここで、両第２受け部材５５は、そのコ字状の溝方向が平行になっている。さらに、２つのねじ穴５５ａが各第２受け部材５５のコ字状の一辺にコ字状の溝方向に離間して形成され、固定ねじ５６が各ねじ穴５５ａに螺着されている。また、ロープガイド５８が、一対の基台５１のＬ字折り曲げ部の外壁面に密接させて固定されている連結部材５２の中央部に、軸５４の軸心と平行な軸５９（第２軸）周りに回転自在に取り付けられている。
【００３０】
なお、第１および第２受け部材５３、５５がＣ型チャネルで作製されているので、コ字状の両辺がその内壁面を傾斜面とする先細り形状になっている。そこで、スペーサ５７が第１および第２受け部材５３、５５のコ字状の他辺内壁面に取り付けられ、第１および第２受け部材５３、５５の底面と直交する受け面５７ａを構成している。さらに、第１および第２受け部材５３、５５はコ字状の溝方向を一致させて配設されている。
【００３１】
階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具６０は、図１０および図１１に示されるように、鋼材で作製された平板状の一対の基台６１が、鋼材で作製された２本のＬ字状の連結部材６２により連結されて構成されている。そして、鋼材、例えばＣ型チャネルで作製されたコ字状の第１受け部材６３が、コ字状の底部裏面を基台６１側に向けて、各基台６１の主面６１ａに、コ字状の溝方向一側の下部を主面６１ａと平行な軸６４周り回動自在に、かつ、そのコ字状の溝方向を軸６４に直交させて取り付けられている。ここで、一対の基台６１に取り付けられた両第１受け部材６３は、そのコ字状の溝方向が平行に、かつ、軸６４の軸心が一致している。さらに、２つのねじ穴６３ａが各第１受け部材６３のコ字状の一辺にコ字状の溝方向に離間して形成され、固定ねじ６６が各ねじ穴６３ａに螺着されている。そして、鋼材、例えばＣ型チャネルで作製されたコ字状の第２受け部材６５が、第１受け部材６３のコ字状の溝方向一側で、コ字状の底部裏面を基台６１側に向けて、各基台６１の主面６１ａに、コ字状の溝方向を第１受け部材６３のコ字状の溝方向に一致させて、かつ、所定高さ（ｈ）嵩上げされて取り付けられている。ここで、両第２受け部材６５は、そのコ字状の溝方向が平行になっている。さらに、２つのねじ穴６５ａが各第２受け部材６５のコ字状の一辺にコ字状の溝方向に離間して形成され、固定ねじ６６が各ねじ穴６５ａに螺着されている。
【００３２】
なお、第１および第２受け部材６３、６５がＣ型チャネルで作製されているので、コ字状の両辺がその内壁面を傾斜面とする先細り形状になっている。そこで、スペーサ６７が第１および第２受け部材６３、６５のコ字状の他辺内壁面に取り付けられ、第１および第２受け部材６３、６５の底面と直交する受け面６７ａを構成している。さらに、第１および第２受け部材６３、６５はコ字状の溝方向を一致させて配設されている。
【００３３】
レール連結部設置用レール固定治具７０は、図１２および図１３に示されるように、鋼材で作製されたＬ字状の一対の基台７１が、鋼材で作製された２本のＬ字状の連結部材７２により連結されて構成されている。なお、１本の連結部材７２は、一対の基台７１のＬ字折り曲げ部の外壁面に密接させて固定されている。そして、鋼材、例えばＣ型チャネルで作製されたコ字状の受け部材７３が、コ字状の底部裏面を基台７１側に向けて、各基台７１の主面７１ａに、コ字状の溝方向中央の下部を主面７１ａと平行な軸７４（第１軸）周り回動自在に、かつ、そのコ字状の溝方向を軸７４に直交させて取り付けられている。ここで、一対の基台７１に取り付けられた両受け部材７３は、そのコ字状の溝方向が平行に、かつ、軸７４の軸心が一致し、さらにコ字状の溝方向の一端がＬ字折り曲げ部から延出している。さらに、４つのねじ穴７３ａが各受け部材７３のコ字状の一辺にコ字状の溝方向に離間して形成され、固定ねじ７６が各ねじ穴７３ａに螺着されている。
なお、受け部材７３がＣ型チャネルで作製されているので、コ字状の両辺がその内壁面を傾斜面とする先細り形状になっている。そこで、スペーサ７７が各受け部材７３のコ字状の他辺内壁面に取り付けられ、受け部材７３の底面と直交する受け面７７ａを構成している。
【００３４】
ここで、中心線Ｘを中心として対称に配置されている受け部材の間隔は、各固定治具３０、４０、５０、６０、７０とも同じになっている。
【００３５】
つぎに、この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法について図１４乃至図２０を参照しつつ説明する。なお、各図において、８０はコ字状断面を有する、例えばＣ型チャンネルで作製されるレール材８０ａを連結して構成されるレール、８１は牽引ロープ、８２は巻き上げ機としてのウインチである。
【００３６】
まず、階段最下部設置用レール固定治具３０が、図１４に示されるように、受け部材３３を踏み段３側に位置させて階段２の最下部床面に設置される。また、階段中間部設置用レール固定治具４０が、図１５に示されるように、基台４１のＬ字折り曲げ部を踏み段３のエッジ部に係合させて階段２の所定踏み段数毎の踏み段３に設置される。また、階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具５０が、図１６に示されるように、基台５１のＬ字折り曲げ部を階段２の踊り場３ａのエッジ部に係合させて踊り場３ａの手前側に設置され、階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具６０が、図１７に示されるように、第１受け部材６３を踏み段３側に位置させて踊り場３ａの奥側に設置される。さらに、階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具５０が、図１９に示されるように、基台５１のＬ字折り曲げ部を踏み段３のエッジ部に係合させて階段２の最上部に設置される。そして、必要に応じて、レール連結部設置用レール固定治具７０が、図１８に示されるように、基台７１のＬ字折り曲げ部を踏み段３のエッジ部に係合させて所定の踏み段３に設置される。さらに、ウインチ８２が階段３の最上部床面に設置される。
【００３７】
ついで、所定長さに切断されたレール部材８０ａが、階段３の最下部床面に設置された階段最下部設置用レール固定治具３０の受け部材３３、階段２の中間部に設置された階段中間部設置用レール固定治具４０の受け部材４３、および、踊り場３ａに設置された階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具５０の第１受け部材５３に挿入される。この時、各受け部材３３、４３、５３は挿入されたレール部材８０ａにより軸３４、４４、５４周りに回動し、自動的に所定の角度に維持される。そして、固定ねじ３６、４６、５６を締め付けて、レール部材８０ａが固定治具３０、４０、５０に固定される。この固定ねじ３６、４６、５６の締着力がレール部材８０ａを介してスペーサ３７、４７、５７の受け面３７ａ、４７ａ、５７ａで受けられ、レール部材８０ａが確実に固定される。
【００３８】
また、所定長さに切断されたレール部材８０ａが、踊り場３ａに設置された階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具５０および階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具６０の第２受け部材５５、６５に挿入される。そして、固定ねじ５６、６６を締め付けて、レール部材８０ａが固定治具５０、６０に固定される。この固定ねじ５６、６６の締着力がレール部材８０ａを介してスペーサ５７、６７の受け面５７ａ、６７ａで受けられ、レール部材８０ａが確実に固定される。
【００３９】
さらに、所定長さに切断されたレール部材８０ａが、踊り場３ａに設置された階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具６０の第１受け部材６３、階段２の中間部に設置された階段中間部設置用レール固定治具４０の受け部材４３、および、階段最上部に設置された階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具５０の第１受け部材５３に挿入される。この時、各受け部材４３、５３、６３は挿入されたレール部材８０ａにより軸４４、５４、６４周りに回動し、自動的に所定の角度に維持される。そして、固定ねじ４６、５６、６６を締め付けて、レール部材８０ａが固定治具４０、５０、６０に固定される。この固定ねじ４６、５６、６６の締着力がレール部材８０ａを介してスペーサ４７、５７、６７の受け面４７ａ、５７ａ、６７ａで受けられ、レール部材８０ａが確実に固定される。
【００４０】
そして、レール部材８０ａのつなぎ部にレール連結部設置用レール固定治具７０が設置され、レール部材８０ａの端部が受け部材７３に挿入され、固定ねじ７６を締め付けて、受け部材７３に固定される。この固定ねじ７６の締着力がレール部材８０ａを介してスペーサ７７の受け面７７ａで受けられ、レール部材８０ａが確実に固定される。
これにより、複数本のレール部材８０ａを連結してなる２本のレール８０が階段２の全長にわたって平行に布設される。そして、２本のレール８０の間隔が台車２０のキャスタ２２、２３の左右車輪の間隔に等しくなっている。
【００４１】
ついで、荷物９を荷台２１上に載置し、固縛ベルト２８により固定用金具２７を利用して荷台２１に固縛する。そして、荷物９が積まれた台車２０を押して階段２の最下部まで搬送する。
そこで、牽引ロープ８１の一端が固縛ベルト２８に連結され、２つの階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具５０のロープガイド５８に掛け渡され、その他端がウインチ８２に巻き付けられる。その後、ウインチ８２が駆動され、牽引ロープ８１がウインチ８２に巻き取られて台車２０の階段登坂が開始される。
【００４２】
そして、台車２０は階段２側に走向し、その前輪が一対のガイド部材３５内に入り、ガイド部材３５に案内されてレール８０内に導かれる。同様に、他の車輪が順次一対のガイド部材３５内に入り、ガイド部材３５に案内されてレール８０内に導かれる。そして、台車２０は、牽引ロープ８１を介してウインチ８２に牽引されてレール８０内を走向し、階段２の最上部まで上昇される。そこで、牽引ロープ８１の固縛バンド２８との連結が解かれ、台車２０を人力にて所定の場所に搬送する。
なお、階段２の最下部および踊り場３ａから階段部へのアプローチ時には、図２に示されるように、台車２０の前後の４つの車輪が荷重を受けて階段２の最下部および踊り場３ａから階段部に移行する。また、階段部から階段２の最上部および踊り場３ａへのアプローチ時には、図３に示されるように、台車２０の内側の４つの車輪が荷重を受けて階段部から階段２の最上部および踊り場３ａに移行する。また、レール部材８０ａ間のつなぎ目に隙間が生じているが、該隙間はキャスタ２５の車輪の口径に対して極めて小さいので、キャスタ２５の車輪はスムーズに隣り合うレール部材８０ａに移行する。
【００４３】
一方、台車２０を階段２を降ろす場合には、階段２の最上部から車輪をレール８０内に導き入れ、ウインチ８２から牽引ロープ８１を繰り出しながら、荷物９および台車２０の自重を利用して台車２０をレール８０上を走向させる。そして、台車２０が階段最上部から階段部に移行した時に、牽引ロープ８１を階段最上部に設置されているレール固定治具５０のガイドローラ５８に掛け渡し、さらに台車２０が踊り場から階段部に移項した時に、牽引ロープ８１を踏み段に設置されているレール固定治具５０のガイドローラ５８に掛け渡して、牽引ロープ８１をガイドローラ５８によりスムーズに走向させる。そして、台車２０を階段２の最下部まで下降させた後、牽引ロープ８１の固縛バンド２８との連結が解かれ、台車２０を人力にて所定の場所に搬送する。
そして、牽引ロープ８１を階段２の最下部あるいは最上部まで持って行き、次の台車２０の昇降作業を行うことになる。
【００４４】
この実施の形態１によれば、レール８０を階段２の全長にわたって布設し、台車２０の車輪をレール８０内を走向させて階段２を昇降させているので、台車２０の直進性が確保されるとともに、作業者の足場が確保され、作業の安全性が向上される。
また、台車２０に連結された牽引ロープ８１をウインチ８２により巻き取り、或いは繰り出して台車２０を昇降させているので、作業者の負荷が著しく軽減されるとともに、作業効率が向上される。
また、台車２０を用いているので、車高が低くなり、階段２の最下部および踊り場から階段部へのアプローチ時、階段部から踊り場および階段の最上部へのアプローチ時における安定性が向上される。
さらに、ゴムクローラ車等の高価な構成が不要であり、安価な階段昇降工法となる。
【００４５】
また、各固定治具３０、４０、５０、６０、７０は、レール部材８０ａを支持する受け部材３３、４３、５３、６３、７３が基台３１、４１、５１、６１、７１に対して軸３４、４４、５４、６４、７４周りに回動可能に取り付けられているので、レール部材８０ａを受け部材３３、４３、５３、６３、７３に挿入するだけで、受け部材３３、４３、５３、６３、７３の角度が自動的にそろう。従って、受け部材３３、４３、５３、６３、７３の角度を個々に調整する必要がなく、レール部材８０ａの布設作業が著しく容易になる。同様に、階段２の勾配に拘わらずレール部材８０ａの布設が可能であり、汎用性にすぐれている。
また、階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具５０がガイドローラ５８を備えているので、牽引ロープ８１がガイドローラ５８に案内されて踊り場や階段最上部のエッジ部に触れることなく走向できる。
【００４６】
また、階段２の段数に応じて階段中間部設置用レール固定治具４０およびレール連結部設置用レール固定治具７０の設置数を変えることで階段２の全長にわたってレール８０を布設できるので、汎用性にすぐれている。
また、各固定治具３０、４０、５０、６０、７０がレール部材８０ａにより一体化されるので、各固定治具３０、４０、５０、６０、７０を階段２に固定する固定具が不要となる。そこで、固定具、例えばボルト等を使用することによる階段２の損傷が抑えられるとともに、レール８０の布設が簡易となる。
また、各固定治具３０、４０、５０、６０、７０の基台３１、４１、５１、６１、７１の平坦な裏面が踏み段３の平坦部に当てられているので、荷物９の荷重が踏み段３に分散して加わり、踏み段３の損傷が抑えられる。
また、固定治具４０、５０、７０が基台４１、５１、７１のＬ字折り曲げ部を踏み段３のエッジ部に密着させて取り付けられているので、荷物９の荷重が踏み段３のエッジ部に集中せず、踏み段３のエッジ部の損傷が抑えられる。
【００４７】
なお、上記実施の形態１では、階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具５０を階段２の最上部に設置するものとして説明しているが、階段最下部設置用レール固定治具３０と同様に、階段２の最上部に設置する階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具５０に車輪をガイドしてレール部材８１に導き入れるためのガイド部材を設けるようにしてもよい。この場合、台車２０の下降作業時に、車輪がレール部材８１にスムーズに導かれ、作業性が向上される。
また、階段２の最上部に設置する階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具５０の第２受け部材５５が、その反第１受け部材５３側を基台５１に接するように傾斜させてもよい。この場合、キャスタ２５の車輪が第２受け部材５５から階段２の最上部床面にスムーズに移行し、安定性が向上される。
【００４８】
実施の形態２．
この実施の形態２では、図２１に示されるように、基台４１裏面にゴムシート２９が装着されている階段中間部設置用レール固定治具４０を用いるものとしている。また、図示されていないが、階段最下部設置用レール固定治具３０、階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具５０、階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具６０およびレール連結部設置用レール固定治具７０の基台３１、５１、６１、７１裏面にもゴムシート２９が装着されている。
なお、他の構成は上記実施の形態１と同様に構成されている。
【００４９】
従って、この実施の形態２においても、上記実施の形態１と同様の効果が得られる。
また、この実施の形態２では、各固定治具３０、４０、５０、６０、７０の基台３１、４１、５１、６１、７１裏面にゴムシート２９が装着されているので、階段２の床面、特に踏み段３のエッジ部の損傷事故を確実に防止することができる。さらに、ゴムシート２９が固定治具３０、４０、５０、６０、７０の移動を阻止するように作用するので、台車２０を安定して昇降させることができる。
【００５０】
なお、上記各実施の形態では、固定治具３０、４０、５０、６０、７０の受け部材にＣ型チャンネルを用いるものとしているが、鋼板をコ字状に折り曲げて受け部材を作製してもよい。この場合、コ字状の内壁面が傾斜していないので、スペーサを省略できる。
【００５１】
【発明の効果】
この発明は、以上のように構成されているので、以下に記載されるような効果を奏する。
【００５３】
この発明によれば、連結部材により所定間隔を持って、かつ、その主面を同一面位置として連結一体化された平板状の一対の基台と、それぞれねじ穴がコ字状の１辺に形成された断面コ字状に形成され、上記一対の基台の各主面上に、該主面と平行な、かつ、軸心を互いに一致させた軸周りに回動可能に、かつ、そのコ字状の溝方向を該軸の軸心に直交させて取り付けられた一対の第１受け部材と、上記ねじ穴に螺着された固定ねじとを備えているので、レール部材を第１受け部材に挿入するだけで第１受け部材の角度が自動的に設定でき、階段の勾配に合わせて第１受け部材の角度調整をする必要がなく、レールの布設作業性を向上できるレール固定治具が得られる。
【００５４】
また、一対のガイド部材が、上記各基台の主面上に、上記各第１受け部材のコ字状の溝方向の一側に、該ガイド部材間の間隙を該受け部材から離れるにつれ大きくするように配設されているので、台車のキャスタの車輪をスムーズにレールに導くことができる。
【００５５】
また、それぞれねじ穴がコ字状の１辺に形成された断面コ字状に形成された一対の第２受け部材が、それぞれ上記基台の主面上に、上記各第１受け部材のコ字状の溝方向の一側に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該第１受け部材のコ字状の溝方向に一致させて取り付けられているので、踊り場を有する階段にレールを簡易に布設できる。
【００５６】
また、それぞれ断面Ｌ字状に形成され、連結部材により所定間隔を持って、かつ、その主面および折り曲げ辺を同一面位置として連結一体化された一対の基台と、それぞれねじ穴がコ字状の１辺に形成された断面コ字状に形成され、上記一対の基台の各主面上に、Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部と平行な、かつ、軸心を互いに一致させた第１軸周りに回動可能に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該第１軸の軸心に直交させて、さらに、その一側を上記Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部から延出させて取り付けられた一対の第１受け部材と、上記ねじ穴に螺着された固定ねじとを備えているので、レール部材を第１受け部材に挿入するだけで第１受け部材の角度が自動的に設定でき、階段の勾配に合わせて第１受け部材の角度調整をする必要がなく、さらに踏み段に簡易に設置でき、レールの布設作業性を向上できるレール固定治具が得られる。
【００５７】
また、それぞれねじ穴がコ字状の１辺に形成された断面コ字状に形成された一対の第２受け部材が、それぞれ上記基台の主面上に、上記各第１受け部材の反Ｌ字折り曲げ部側に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該第１受け部材のコ字状の溝方向に一致させて取り付けられ、ガイドローラが、上記連結部材に、上記第１軸と平行な第２軸周りに回転可能に取り付けられているので、牽引ロープがガイドローラにより踊り場や階段最上部のエッジ部に触れることなく走向できる。
【００５８】
また、上記基台の裏面にゴムシートが装着されているので、階段の損傷が抑えられるとともに、レール固定治具が階段に安定して設置される。
【００５９】
また、平板状の一対の基台が所定間隔を持って連結部材により連結一体化され、かつ、断面コ字状の第１受け部材が各基台に該基台の主面と平行な、かつ、互いに軸心を一致させた軸周りに回動可能に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該軸の軸心と直交させて取り付けられた階段最下部設置用レール固定治具を、階段の最下部床面に設置し、
断面Ｌ字状の一対の基台が所定間隔を持って連結部材により連結一体化され、かつ、断面コ字状の第１受け部材が各基台に該基台のＬ字状の折り曲げ部と平行な、かつ、互いに軸心を一致させた軸周りに回動可能に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該軸の軸心と直交させて、さらにその一端側を該Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部から延出させて取り付けられた階段中間部設置用レール固定治具を、該Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部を踏み段のエッジ部に係合させて上記階段の踏み段に設置し、
断面Ｌ字状の一対の基台が所定間隔を持って連結部材により連結一体化され、断面コ字状の第１受け部材が各基台に該基台のＬ字状の折り曲げ部と平行な、かつ、互いに軸心を一致させた第１軸周りに回動可能に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該軸の軸心と直交させて、さらにその一端側を該Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部から延出させて取り付けられ、かつ、ガイドローラが上記連結部材に上記第１軸と平行な第２軸周りに回転可能に取り付けられた階段最上部設置用レール固定治具を、該Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部を上記階段の最上部のエッジ部に係合させて上記階段の最上部に設置するレール固定治具の設置工程と、
所定長さの断面コ字状のレール部材を上記階段最下部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材、上記階段中間部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材および上記階段最上部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材に挿入させ、ついで該レール部材を上記各第１受け部材に締着固定して、上記階段の全長にわたって一対のレールを平行に布設するレール布設工程と、
上記階段の最上階に巻き上げ機を設置する巻き上げ機設置工程と、
荷物が荷台に固縛されたキャスタ付き台車が上記階段の最下部にあるときには、牽引ロープの一端を上記台車に連結し、上記ガイドローラに掛け渡した後、その他端を上記巻き上げ機に巻き付け、ついで該巻き上げ機を駆動して該牽引ロープを巻き取り、上記キャスタの車輪を上記一対のレールの下部から該レール内に導き入れ、該一対のレール内を走向させて、上記台車を上記階段の最上部に搬送し、また、上記台車が上記階段の最上部にあるときには、上記巻き上げ機に巻き取られた上記牽引ロープの一端を上記台車に連結し、ついで該巻き上げ機を駆動して該牽引ロープを繰り出し、上記キャスタの車輪を上記一対のレールの上部から該レール内に導き入れ、該牽引ロープを上記ガイドローラに掛け渡して該一対のレール内を走向させて、上記台車を上記階段の最下部に搬送して、上記台車を昇降させる工程とを備えているので、作業者の足場および台車の昇降の直線性が確保され、作業者の負荷が軽減される重量物の階段昇降工法が得られる。
【００６０】
また、上記レール固定治具の設置工程において、
断面Ｌ字状の一対の基台が所定間隔を持って連結部材により連結一体化され、断面コ字状の第１受け部材が各基台に該基台のＬ字状の折り曲げ部と平行な、かつ、互いに軸心を一致させた軸周りに回動可能に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該軸の軸心と直交させて、さらにその一端側を該Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部から延出させて取り付けられ、さらに断面コ字状の第２受け部材が、各基台の上記第１受け部材の反Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部側に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該第１受け部材のコ字状の溝方向に一致させて取り付けられた階段踊り場設置用レール固定治具を、該Ｌ字状の折り曲げ部を踊り場のエッジ部に係合させて上記階段の踊り場に設置する工程と、
平板状の一対の基台が所定間隔を持って連結部材により連結一体化され、断面コ字状の第１受け部材が各基台に該基台の主面と平行な、かつ、互いに軸心を一致させた軸周りに回動可能に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該軸の軸心と直交させて取り付けられ、さらに断面コ字状の第２受け部材が、各基台の上記第１受け部材の一側に、そのコ字状の溝方向を該第１受け部材のコ字状の溝方向に一致させて取り付けられた階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具を、上記第１受け部材を上記階段の踏み段下部側に位置させて上記踊り場床面に設置する工程とを備え、
上記レール布設工程において、
上記レール部材を、上記階段最下部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材、上記階段中間部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材および上記階段踊り場設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材に挿入させ、ついで該レール部材を上記各第１受け部材に締着固定する工程と、
上記レール部材を、上記階段踊り場設置用レール固定治具の第２受け部材および上記階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具の第２受け部材に挿入させ、ついで該レール部材を上記各第２受け部材に締着固定する工程と、
上記レール部材を、上記階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材、上記階段中間部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材および上記階段最上部設置用レール固定治具の第１受け部材に挿入させ、ついで該レール部材を上記各第１受け部材に締着固定する工程とを備えているので、踊り場のある階段でも、作業者の負荷を軽減し、かつ、荷物の安定性を確保して、階段を昇降させることができる。
【００６１】
また、上記台車は、４対のキャスタが荷台の裏面前後に２対ずつ装着されているので、台車の車高を低くでき、階段アプローチ時の荷物の安定性を確保することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される台車の構造を説明する図である。
【図２】この台車の水平面から上り傾面へのアプローチ動作を説明する図である。
【図３】この台車の上り傾面から水平面へのアプローチ動作を説明する図である。
【図４】この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される階段最下部設置用レール固定治具を示す上面図である。
【図５】この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される階段最下部設置用レール固定治具を示す側面図である。
【図６】この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される階段中間部設置用レール固定治具を示す上面図である。
【図７】この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される階段中間部設置用レール固定治具を示す側面図である。
【図８】この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具を示す上面図である。
【図９】この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具を示す側面図である。
【図１０】この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具を示す上面図である。
【図１１】この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用される階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具を示す側面図である。
【図１２】この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用されるレール連結部設置用レール固定治具を示す上面図である。
【図１３】この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法に適用されるレール連結部設置用レール固定治具を示す側面図である。
【図１４】この発明の実施の形態１に係る階段最下部設置用レール固定治具の設置状態を説明する側面図である。
【図１５】この発明の実施の形態１に係る階段中間部設置用レール固定治具の設置状態を説明する側面図である。
【図１６】この発明の実施の形態１に係る階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具の設置状態を説明する側面図である。
【図１７】この発明の実施の形態１に係る階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具の設置状態を説明する側面図である。
【図１８】この発明の実施の形態１に係るレール連結部設置用レール固定治具の設置状態を説明する側面図である。
【図１９】この発明の実施の形態１に係る階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具の設置状態を説明する側面図である。
【図２０】この発明の実施の形態１に係る重量物の階段昇降工法を説明する側面図である。
【図２１】この発明の実施の形態２に係る階段中間部設置用レール固定治具の設置状態を説明する側面図である。
【図２２】従来の重量物の階段昇降工法におけるスロープ布設状態を説明する斜視図である。
【図２３】従来の重量物の階段昇降工法を説明する工程図である。
【符号の説明】
２階段、３踏み段、３ａ踊り場、２０台車、２１荷台、２５キャスタ、２９ゴムシート、３０階段最下部設置用レール固定治具、３１基台、３２連結部材、３３第１受け部材、３３ａねじ穴、３４軸、３５ガイド部材、３６固定ねじ、４０階段中間部設置用レール固定治具、４１基台、４２連結部材、４３第１受け部材、４３ａねじ穴、４４軸、４６固定ねじ、５０階段最上部兼踊り場設置用レール固定治具、５１基台、５２連結部材、５３第１受け部材、５３ａねじ穴、５４軸、５５第２受け部材、５５ａねじ穴、５６固定ねじ、５８ガイドローラ、５９軸、６０階段踊り場下部設置用レール固定治具、６１基台、６２連結部材、６３第１受け部材、６３ａねじ穴、６４軸、６５第２受け部材、６５ａねじ穴、６６固定ねじ、７０レール連結部設置用レール固定治具、７１基台、７２連結部材、７３第１受け部材、７３ａねじ穴、７４軸、７６固定ねじ、８０レール、８０ａレール部材、８１牽引ロープ、８２ウィンチ（巻き上げ機）。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for lifting and lowering a heavy object that is applied to carry in and remove heavy equipment, etc., which is performed using stairs in construction work and the like. Les This relates to a tool fixing jig.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As conventional devices for raising and lowering luggage using stairs, there are main wheels and auxiliary wheels for human-powered traveling, rubber crawler vehicles for stair traveling, and carts with rubber crawler vehicles equipped with motors for driving rubber crawler vehicles. When using this cart with a rubber crawler car to lift and lower the luggage using the stairs, the luggage is first secured to the luggage carrier and transported down (or above) the stairs manually using the main and auxiliary wheels. . Next, the auxiliary wheels are stored, and the motor is driven to rotate the rubber crawler wheel. And the unevenness | corrugation of a rubber crawler is engaged with the step edge of a staircase, and a staircase is raised / lowered by rotation of a rubber track.
[0003]
This cart with a rubber crawler vehicle is heavy and has poor handling performance even when it is empty because it is equipped with a motor. Further, if the uneven pitch of the rubber crawler does not match the step pitch of the stairs, slipping occurs. Furthermore, the moving speed is slow.
Therefore, in order to continuously transport a large amount of luggage using this cart with rubber crawler cars, a large number of carts with rubber crawler cars are prepared to cover poor handling and slow movement speed. It is necessary to prepare a trolley with a rubber crawler car that fits the step pitch of the stairs, and furthermore, the trolley with a rubber crawler car is expensive. Is not suitable.
Moreover, since the cart with the rubber crawler vehicle moves up and down due to the engagement between the unevenness of the rubber crawler and the step of the staircase, there is a possibility that the edge processing portion of the step is peeled off.
[0004]
Therefore, when raising and lowering a large amount of luggage using the stairs, a slope made of plywood is installed on the stairs, and a handcart is used because of the advantage that the stairs can be cured at low cost without using expensive equipment. A stair-climbing method is generally employed in which the stairs are moved up and down by running on the slope using a sword.
[0005]
Here, a description will be given of a conventional heavy-weight stair lifting method generally used when lifting and lowering a load using stairs with reference to FIGS. 22 and 23. FIG.
First, the single pipe scaffold 1 is placed on the predetermined step 3. Next, the support square 4 is erected on the stairs 2 along the gradient of the stairs 2, and is fastened and fixed to the single pipe scaffold 1 by the fastener 5. In this way, the support squares 4 are extended in the entire length of the stairs 2 in two rows. Then, the plywood 6 is stretched over the supporting square 2 laid in two rows, and fixed to the supporting square 2 with a nail 7 or the like. Thereby, as shown in FIG. 22, the slope 8 is installed over the entire length of the stairs 2.
[0006]
Next, as shown in FIG. 23A, the luggage 9 is placed on the two handcarts 10, and is pushed to the bottom of the stairs 2 by pushing the handcart 10. Then, as shown in FIG. 23 (b), the rear hand cart 10 is pushed, first the front hand cart 10 is pushed up on the slope 8, and finally the rear hand cart 10 is pushed up on the slope 8. . Then, as shown in FIG. 23C, the two handcarts 10 are run on the slopes 8 for each load 9, and the loads 9 are conveyed to the top of the stairs 2. When the luggage 9 reaches the top of the stairs 2, the front side of the luggage 9 is pushed out to the upper side of the stairs 2. At this time, the front hand cart 10 receives the load of the load 9 at the rear end of the loading platform, as shown in FIG. Then, the rear push cart 10 is pushed so that the luggage 9 gets over the top of the stairs 2. Thereby, the luggage 9 climbs up the stairs 2.
[0007]
Further, by reversing the above operation, the luggage 9 can be unloaded using the stairs 2.
And if the raising / lowering of the staircase 2 of the luggage | load 9 is complete | finished, the plywood board 6 will be peeled, the support square 4 will be removed, the slope 8 will be disassembled, and the conveyance work of the luggage | load 9 will be completed.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in this conventional heavy-weight stair climbing method, the plywood 6 is extended over the entire length of the staircase 2 for the curing of the staircase 2, the slope 8 is laid, and the operator pushes the handcart 10 to carry the luggage. It was performed by going up and down the slope 8 every nine.
Therefore, it is necessary for the operator to push up or lower the hand cart 10 on the slope 8 on the slippery flat slope 8, and it is difficult to ensure the straightness of the hand cart 10 in terms of safety. There was a problem.
Further, since the lifting / lowering operation of the luggage 9 is all done manually, the work efficiency is lowered.
Further, in the process of placing the hand cart 10 on the slope 8, as shown in FIG. 23 (b), the load 9 hits the load platform of the hand cart 10, and the load 9 becomes unstable and falls. There was a fear.
[0009]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is easy to ensure the operator's scaffolding and elevating straightness, reduce the load on the operator, and stabilize the heavy load during the staircase approach. Low-cost heavy-duty stair climbing method and Applied to it Ru The purpose is to obtain a tool fixing jig.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to this invention The rail fixing jig has a pair of flat bases that are connected and integrated with a connecting member at a predetermined interval and with the main surface as the same surface position, and a screw hole on one side of the U-shape. It is formed in a U-shaped cross section, and is rotatable on each main surface of the pair of bases so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the main surface and having the axes aligned with each other. A pair of first receiving members attached with the U-shaped groove direction orthogonal to the axis of the shaft, and a fixing screw screwed into the screw hole It is equipped with.
[0012]
Further, as the pair of guide members are disposed on one side of the first receiving member in the U-shaped groove direction on the main surface of each base, the gap between the guide members increases as the distance from the receiving member increases. It is arranged to do.
[0013]
In addition, a pair of second receiving members each having a U-shaped cross section in which a screw hole is formed on one side of a U-shape are respectively formed on the main surface of the base, and the second receiving members of the first receiving members are formed on the main surface of the base. The U-shaped groove direction is attached to one side of the U-shaped groove direction so that the U-shaped groove direction coincides with the U-shaped groove direction of the first receiving member.
[0014]
The rail fixing jigs according to the present invention are each formed in a L-shaped cross section, and are connected and integrated with a connecting member at a predetermined interval and with the main surface and the bent side as the same surface position. A base and a U-shaped cross section formed on one side of each U-shaped screw hole, parallel to the L-shaped bent portion on each main surface of the pair of bases, and The U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis of the first axis so that the axis can be rotated around the first axis with the axes aligned with each other, and one side of the L-shaped bent portion And a pair of first receiving members attached to the screw holes, and fixing screws screwed into the screw holes.
[0015]
In addition, a pair of second receiving members each having a U-shaped cross-section in which a screw hole is formed on one side of the U-shape are respectively formed on the main surface of the base and opposite to the first receiving member. A U-shaped groove direction is attached to the L-shaped bent part side so that the U-shaped groove direction coincides with the U-shaped groove direction of the first receiving member, and a guide roller is parallel to the first axis on the connecting member. It is attached so as to be rotatable around the second axis.
[0016]
Further, a rubber sheet is attached to the back surface of the base.
[0017]
Further, the stair lifting method for heavy objects according to the present invention is such that a pair of flat bases are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and a first receiving member having a U-shaped cross section is provided for each base. Are mounted on a staircase that is mounted so that its U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis of the shaft, and is rotatable around an axis parallel to the main surface of the base and having the axis aligned with each other. Install the lower installation rail fixing jig on the bottom floor of the stairs,
A pair of bases having an L-shaped cross section are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and a first receiving member having a U-shaped cross section has an L-shaped bent portion of the base on each base. The U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis of the shaft, and the L-shaped bent portion is arranged at one end of the L-shaped bent portion. The rail fixing jig for installing the middle part of the staircase attached to extend from the step is installed on the step of the staircase by engaging the L-shaped bent part with the edge part of the step,
A pair of bases having an L-shaped cross section are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and first receiving members having a U-shaped cross section are parallel to the L-shaped bent portion of the base. And the U-shaped groove direction is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, and the L-shaped bent portion is further disposed at one end thereof so as to be rotatable around a first axis whose axes are aligned with each other. A rail fixing jig for installation at the top of the staircase, wherein the guide roller is attached to the connecting member so as to be rotatable about a second axis parallel to the first axis. The step of installing a rail fixing jig that engages the bent portion of the top of the staircase and installs it at the top of the staircase,
A rail member having a U-shaped cross section having a predetermined length is used for the first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the lowermost part of the staircase, the first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the middle part of the staircase, and for installing the uppermost part of the staircase. A rail laying step of inserting the rail member into the first receiving member of the rail fixing jig, and then fastening and fixing the rail member to the first receiving member, and laying a pair of rails in parallel over the entire length of the stairs;
A hoist installation process for installing a hoist on the top floor of the stairs;
When a cart with casters with a load secured to the loading platform is at the bottom of the stairs, one end of a tow rope is connected to the cart, and the other end is wound around the guide roller, and the other end is wound around the hoisting machine, Next, the hoisting machine is driven to wind up the tow rope, the wheels of the casters are guided into the rails from the lower part of the pair of rails, and the carriages are moved in the pair of rails so that the cart is moved to the stairs. When the carriage is at the top of the staircase, one end of the traction rope wound around the hoisting machine is connected to the carriage, and then the hoisting machine is driven to drive the traction The rope is fed out, the wheels of the casters are guided into the rails from the upper part of the pair of rails, and the tow rope is stretched over the guide rollers to run in the pair of rails. , The step of the carriage and conveyed to the bottom of the stairs, lifting the carriage
It is equipped with.
[0018]
In the installation process of the rail fixing jig,
A pair of bases having an L-shaped cross section are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and first receiving members having a U-shaped cross section are parallel to the L-shaped bent portion of the base. In addition, the U-shaped groove direction is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, and one end of the U-shaped groove extends from the L-shaped bent portion so as to be rotatable around an axis whose axes are aligned with each other. Further, the second receiving member having a U-shaped cross-section is mounted on the side of the first receiving member of each base opposite to the L-shaped bent portion, and the U-shaped groove direction is set to the first receiving member. Stair dance attached to match the U-shaped groove direction of the member Place Placing the mounting rail fixing jig on the landing of the stairs by engaging the L-shaped bent portion with the edge of the landing;
A pair of flat bases are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and a first receiving member having a U-shaped cross section is parallel to the main surface of the base on each base and is mutually axial. Are attached so that the U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis of the shaft, and a second receiving member having a U-shaped cross-section is mounted on each base. A rail fixing jig for installing a lower staircase landing attached to one side of the receiving member with its U-shaped groove direction aligned with the U-shaped groove direction of the first receiving member. A step of positioning the member on the lower side of the step of the stairs and installing it on the landing floor surface,
In the rail laying process,
The rail member includes a first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the lowermost part of the staircase, a first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the middle part of the staircase, and the stair dance Place Inserting the first receiving member of the mounting rail fixing jig into the first receiving member, and then fastening and fixing the rail member to each first receiving member;
The rail member, the stairs dance Place Inserting the second receiving member of the mounting rail fixing jig and the second receiving member of the rail fixing jig for lower installation of the stair landing, and then fastening and fixing the rail member to each of the second receiving members;
The rail member includes a first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the lower part of the stair landing, a first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the middle part of the staircase, and a first fixing member of the rail fixing jig for installing the uppermost part of the staircase. A step of inserting the rail member into the receiving member and then fastening and fixing the rail member to the first receiving member.
[0019]
In addition, the above-mentioned cart is one in which four pairs of casters are mounted in pairs before and after the back surface of the loading platform.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
Embodiment 1 FIG.
1A and 1B are diagrams for explaining a structure of a carriage applied to a heavy-weight stair climbing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which FIG. 1A is a side view and FIG. 1B is a front view. FIG. 1C is a rear view. FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an approach operation from the horizontal plane of the carriage to the upward inclined surface, and FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an approach operation of the carriage from the upward inclined surface to the horizontal plane.
[0021]
In FIG. 1, a cart 20 includes a rectangular plate-shaped cargo bed 21 made of plywood, four-wheel universal caster carts 22 and 23 that are detachably attached to the back and front of the cargo bed 21, and a rear end portion of the cargo bed 21. The load slip prevention lever 26 is provided.
The four-wheel free caster carriages 22 and 23 are composed of an aluminum base 24 formed into a frame shape and free casters 25 fastened and fixed to the four corners of the base 24, respectively. Are attached to the back and front of the loading platform 21 by fasteners (not shown). A lashing belt fixing metal fitting 27 is attached to the base 24 and the lever 26.
[0022]
Next, a case where the luggage 9 is transported using the cart 20 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.
First, the luggage 9 is placed on the loading platform 21 and secured to the loading platform 21 by the securing belt 27 by the securing belt 28. Then, while pushing the load 9, the caster 25 is run and conveyed.
Then, when shifting from the horizontal plane to the uphill slope, as shown in FIG. 2, the load is received by the front wheels of the four-wheel universal caster carriage 22 and the rear wheels of the four-wheel universal caster carriage 23 and climbs to the slope. . In addition, when shifting from an uphill slope to a horizontal plane, as shown in FIG. 3, the load is received by the rear wheels of the four-wheel universal caster carriage 22 and the front wheels of the four-wheel universal caster carriage 23 to shift to the horizontal plane. To do.
[0023]
In this type of cart, it is necessary to set the wheel diameter so that the back surface of the loading platform does not touch the intersection between the slope and the horizontal plane when approaching the horizontal plane from the ascending slope. In this carriage 20, four wheel caster carriages 22 and 23 are mounted on the back and front of the loading platform 21, so when approaching from the horizontal plane to the uphill slope, the load is received by the two pairs of outer wheels, and the horizontal plane from the uphill slope is received. When approaching, the two inner wheels are loaded. Therefore, the diameter of the wheel can be lowered, that is, the vehicle height can be lowered, and the stability of the transportation of the luggage 9 can be improved.
In addition, a special configuration such as a rubber crawler vehicle and its drive motor is not required, and the cost and weight of the cart can be reduced.
[0024]
Here, when the load carrier 21 is 1019 mm × 2018 mm in size, and a four-wheel carriage with casters 25 attached to the back surface of the load carrier 21 at a position of 75 mm from the front and rear ends, the slope of the slope is 45 degrees. When approaching the horizontal plane from the ascending slope, it was necessary for the wheel diameter to be 200 mm or more in order to shift the loading platform 21 from the slope to the horizontal plane so as not to touch the intersection between the slope and the horizontal plane.
In addition, when a four-wheel carriage having a caster 25 attached to the back surface of the loading platform 21 at a position of 475 mm from the front and rear ends and the wheel diameter being 150 mm, the slope slope is 45 degrees. When approaching the horizontal plane, the loading platform 21 was able to move from the slope to the horizontal plane so as not to touch the intersection of the slope and the horizontal plane. However, when approaching from the horizontal plane to the uphill slope, there is a problem that the front end of the loading platform 21 hits the slope.
[0025]
On the other hand, when the caster 25 is attached to the back surface of the loading platform 21 at positions of 75 mm and 475 mm from the front and rear ends, and the eight-wheel carriage 20 is manufactured, the diameter of the wheel is 150 mm even if the slope gradient is 45 degrees. Then, when approaching from the uphill to the horizontal plane, the loading platform 21 can shift from the slope to the horizontal plane so as not to touch the intersection of the slope and the horizontal plane, and when approaching from the horizontal plane to the uphill slope, the front end of the loading platform 21 is sloped. It was confirmed that it was possible to move from the horizontal plane to the slope without hitting the ground.
[0026]
Next, a description will be given of a fixing jig applied to the heavy article stair climbing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
4 and 5 are a top view and a side view, respectively, showing a rail fixing jig for lowermost staircase installation applied to the stair climbing method for heavy objects according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 6 and FIG. FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 are a top view and a side view showing a rail fixing jig for installing a stair intermediate portion applied to the heavy stair climbing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, respectively. FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are a top view and a side view showing a rail fixing jig for installing a staircase top and landing, respectively, applied to the stair climbing method for heavy objects according to FIG. 10, and FIG. A top view and a side view showing a rail fixing jig for installation at the bottom of a stair landing applied to the stair climbing method, FIGS. 12 and 13 are respectively applied to the heavy stair climbing method according to the first embodiment of the present invention. Les It is a top view and a side view showing a Le coupling part installed rail fixture.
4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 show the configuration of only one side of the center line, but each fixing jig is configured symmetrically about the center line X. .
[0027]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the rail fixing jig 30 for installing the stairs at the bottom includes a pair of flat bases 31 made of steel, and two L-shaped pieces made of steel. The connecting members 32 are connected to each other. Then, a U-shaped receiving member 33 made of a steel material, for example, a C-shaped channel is formed on the main surface 31a of each base 31 with the U-shaped bottom rear surface facing the base 31 side. A lower portion on one side in the groove direction is rotatably attached around an axis 34 parallel to the main surface 31a, and the U-shaped groove direction is perpendicular to the axis 34. Here, the both receiving members 33 attached to the pair of bases 31 have the U-shaped groove directions parallel to each other, and the axes of the shafts 34 coincide with each other. In addition, a pair of L-shaped guide members 35 are attached to the main surface 31 a of each base 31 so as to open on one side of the receiving member 33 in the U-shaped groove direction. Further, two screw holes 33a are formed on one side of the U-shape of each receiving member 33 so as to be spaced apart in the U-shaped groove direction, and a fixing screw 36 is screwed into each screw hole 33a.
Since the receiving member 33 is made of a C-shaped channel, both sides of the U-shape are tapered with the inner wall surface as an inclined surface. Therefore, the spacer 37 is attached to the inner wall surface on the other side of the U-shape of each receiving member 33 to constitute a receiving surface 37 a orthogonal to the bottom surface of the receiving member 33.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, the rail fixing jig 40 for installing the staircase middle portion is composed of two L-shaped bases 41 each made of a steel material and made of a steel material. The connection members 42 are connected to each other. One connecting member 42 is fixed in close contact with the outer wall surface of the L-shaped bent portion of the pair of bases 41. Then, a U-shaped receiving member 43 made of a steel material, for example, a C-shaped channel is formed on the main surface 41a of each base 41 with the U-shaped bottom rear surface facing the base 41 side. A lower portion in the center of the groove direction is attached to be rotatable about an axis 44 parallel to the main surface 41 a and the U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis 44. Here, the receiving members 43 attached to the pair of bases 41 have the U-shaped groove directions parallel to each other, and the axis of the shaft 44 (first axis) coincides, and the U-shaped One end portion in the groove direction extends from the L-shaped bent portion. Further, two screw holes 43a are formed on one side of the U-shape of each receiving member 43 so as to be spaced apart in the U-shaped groove direction, and fixing screws 46 are screwed into the screw holes 43a.
Since the receiving member 43 is made of a C-shaped channel, both sides of the U-shape are tapered with the inner wall surface as an inclined surface. Therefore, the spacer 47 is attached to the inner wall surface on the other side of the U-shape of each receiving member 43 to constitute a receiving surface 47 a orthogonal to the bottom surface of the receiving member 43.
[0029]
As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9, the rail fixing jig 50 for installing the stairway top and landing is composed of two L-shaped bases 51 made of steel. It is constituted by being connected by a character-like connecting member 52. One connecting member 52 is fixed in close contact with the outer wall surface of the L-shaped bent portion of the pair of bases 51. And the U-shaped 1st receiving member 53 produced with steel materials, for example, a C-shaped channel, L-folds the main surface 51a of each base 51 with the U-shaped bottom rear surface facing the base 51 side. On the part side, the lower part on one side of the U-shaped groove direction is rotatable about an axis 54 (first axis) parallel to the main surface 51 a, and the U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis 54. It is attached. Here, both the first receiving members 53 attached to the pair of bases 51 have the U-shaped groove directions parallel to each other, the shaft centers of the shafts 54 coincide, and the U-shaped groove directions. The other side extends from the L-shaped bent part. Further, two screw holes 53a are formed on one side of the U-shape of each first receiving member 53 so as to be spaced apart in the U-shaped groove direction, and a fixing screw 56 is screwed into each screw hole 53a. Then, the U-shaped second receiving member 55 made of a steel material, for example, a C-shaped channel, is U-shaped on one side of the first receiving member 53 in the U-shaped groove direction (the anti-L-shaped bent portion side). The bottom surface of each base 51 is directed toward the base 51, the U-shaped groove direction is made to coincide with the main surface 51 a of each base 51, and the U-shaped groove direction of the first receiving member 53 is matched. (H) It is raised and attached. Here, both the 2nd receiving members 55 have the U-shaped groove direction parallel. Further, two screw holes 55a are formed on one side of each U-shaped portion of each second receiving member 55 so as to be spaced apart in the U-shaped groove direction, and fixing screws 56 are screwed into the respective screw holes 55a. In addition, a rope guide 58 is attached to a central portion of a connecting member 52 fixed in close contact with an outer wall surface of an L-shaped bent portion of the pair of bases 51. ) It is attached around it so that it can rotate freely.
[0030]
Since the first and second receiving members 53 and 55 are made of C-shaped channels, both sides of the U-shape are tapered with the inner wall surface as an inclined surface. Therefore, the spacer 57 is attached to the inner wall surface of the U-shaped other side of the first and second receiving members 53 and 55 to form a receiving surface 57a orthogonal to the bottom surfaces of the first and second receiving members 53 and 55. Yes. Further, the first and second receiving members 53 and 55 are arranged with their U-shaped groove directions aligned.
[0031]
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the rail fixing jig 60 for installing the staircase landing lower part has a pair of flat bases 61 made of steel and two L-shaped pieces made of steel. The connecting members 62 are connected to each other. Then, a U-shaped first receiving member 63 made of a steel material, for example, a C-shaped channel is formed on the main surface 61a of each base 61 with the U-shaped bottom back surface facing the base 61 side. A lower part on one side of the groove shape is attached so as to be rotatable around an axis 64 parallel to the main surface 61 a and the U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis 64. Here, the first receiving members 63 attached to the pair of bases 61 have the U-shaped groove directions parallel to each other, and the axis of the shaft 64 coincides. Further, two screw holes 63a are formed on one side of each U-shaped portion of each first receiving member 63 so as to be spaced apart in the U-shaped groove direction, and fixing screws 66 are screwed into the respective screw holes 63a. Then, the U-shaped second receiving member 65 made of a steel material, for example, a C-shaped channel is on one side of the first receiving member 63 in the U-shaped groove direction, and the U-shaped bottom back surface is on the base 61 side. Toward the main surface 61a of each base 61 so that the U-shaped groove direction coincides with the U-shaped groove direction of the first receiving member 63 and is raised by a predetermined height (h). It has been. Here, the U-shaped groove directions of the second receiving members 65 are parallel to each other. Further, two screw holes 65a are formed on one side of each U-shaped portion of the second receiving member 65 so as to be spaced apart in the U-shaped groove direction, and fixing screws 66 are screwed into the respective screw holes 65a.
[0032]
Since the first and second receiving members 63 and 65 are made of C-type channels, both sides of the U-shape are tapered with the inner wall surface as an inclined surface. Therefore, the spacer 67 is attached to the inner wall surface of the other side of the first and second receiving members 63 and 65 to form a receiving surface 67a orthogonal to the bottom surfaces of the first and second receiving members 63 and 65. Yes. Further, the first and second receiving members 63 and 65 are arranged with their U-shaped groove directions aligned.
[0033]
As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the rail connecting part installation rail fixing jig 70 has a pair of L-shaped bases 71 made of steel and two L-shaped made of steel. The connecting members 72 are connected to each other. One connecting member 72 is fixed in close contact with the outer wall surface of the L-shaped bent portion of the pair of bases 71. Then, a U-shaped receiving member 73 made of a steel material, for example, a C-shaped channel is formed on the main surface 71a of each base 71 with the U-shaped bottom back surface facing the base 71 side. A lower portion in the center of the groove direction is attached to be rotatable about an axis 74 (first axis) parallel to the main surface 71 a and the U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis 74. Here, the receiving members 73 attached to the pair of bases 71 have the U-shaped groove directions parallel to each other, the axis of the shaft 74 coincides, and one end of the U-shaped groove direction is It extends from the L-shaped bent part. Further, four screw holes 73a are formed on one side of the U-shape of each receiving member 73 so as to be spaced apart in the U-shaped groove direction, and a fixing screw 76 is screwed into each screw hole 73a.
Since the receiving member 73 is made of a C-shaped channel, both sides of the U-shape are tapered with the inner wall surface as an inclined surface. Therefore, a spacer 77 is attached to the inner wall surface on the other side of the U-shape of each receiving member 73 to constitute a receiving surface 77 a orthogonal to the bottom surface of the receiving member 73.
[0034]
Here, the interval between the receiving members arranged symmetrically with respect to the center line X is the same for each of the fixing jigs 30, 40, 50, 60, 70.
[0035]
Next, the stair climbing method for heavy objects according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In each figure, reference numeral 80 denotes a rail having a U-shaped cross section, for example, a rail constructed by connecting rail members 80a made of a C-shaped channel, 81 is a tow rope, and 82 is a winch as a hoisting machine.
[0036]
First, as shown in FIG. 14, the rail fixing jig 30 for installing the lowermost part of the stairs is installed on the lowermost floor surface of the stairs 2 with the receiving member 33 positioned on the step 3 side. Further, as shown in FIG. 15, the rail fixing jig 40 for installing the staircase middle portion engages the L-shaped bent portion of the base 41 with the edge portion of the step 3 for each predetermined number of steps of the staircase 2. Installed on step 3. Further, as shown in FIG. 16, the rail fixing jig 50 for installing the stairs top and landing is engaged with the edge of the landing 3a of the stairs 2 by engaging the L-shaped bent portion of the base 51 in front of the landing 3a. As shown in FIG. 17, the rail fixing jig 60 for installing the stair landing lower part is installed on the back side of the landing 3 a with the first receiving member 63 positioned on the step 3 side. Further, the rail fixing jig 50 for installing the staircase top and landing is provided at the top of the staircase 2 by engaging the L-shaped bent portion of the base 51 with the edge portion of the step 3 as shown in FIG. Installed. Then, if necessary, the rail connecting portion installation rail fixing jig 70 engages the L-shaped bent portion of the base 71 with the edge portion of the step 3 as shown in FIG. Installed in stage 3. Further, a winch 82 is installed on the uppermost floor surface of the stairs 3.
[0037]
Next, the rail member 80 a cut to a predetermined length is received by the receiving member 33 of the rail fixing jig 30 for installing the lowermost staircase 30 installed on the lowermost floor surface of the stairway 3, and the staircase installed in the middle part of the staircase 2. It is inserted into the receiving member 43 of the intermediate part installation rail fixing jig 40 and the first receiving member 53 of the stairway top / dancing place installation rail fixing jig 50 installed in the landing 3a. At this time, each receiving member 33, 43, 53 is rotated around the shafts 34, 44, 54 by the inserted rail member 80a, and is automatically maintained at a predetermined angle. Then, the fixing members 36, 46, and 56 are tightened to fix the rail member 80 a to the fixing jigs 30, 40, and 50. The fastening force of the fixing screws 36, 46, 56 is received by the receiving surfaces 37a, 47a, 57a of the spacers 37, 47, 57 via the rail member 80a, so that the rail member 80a is securely fixed.
[0038]
In addition, the rail member 80a cut to a predetermined length is a second receiving member 55 of the rail fixing jig 50 for installing the staircase top and landing stage installed in the landing 3a and the rail fixing jig 60 for installing the bottom part of the staircase landing, 65 is inserted. Then, the fixing members 56 and 66 are tightened to fix the rail member 80 a to the fixing jigs 50 and 60. The fastening force of the fixing screws 56 and 66 is received by the receiving surfaces 57a and 67a of the spacers 57 and 67 through the rail member 80a, so that the rail member 80a is securely fixed.
[0039]
Furthermore, the rail member 80a cut to a predetermined length is installed in the first receiving member 63 of the rail fixing jig 60 for installing the stair landing lower portion installed in the landing 3a, and in the middle of the staircase installed in the middle of the staircase 2. Inserted into the receiving member 43 of the rail fixing jig 40 and the first receiving member 53 of the rail fixing jig 50 for installing the staircase top and landing place installed at the top of the staircase. At this time, each receiving member 43, 53, 63 is rotated around the shafts 44, 54, 64 by the inserted rail member 80a, and is automatically maintained at a predetermined angle. Then, the fixing screws 46, 56 and 66 are tightened to fix the rail member 80 a to the fixing jigs 40, 50 and 60. The fastening force of the fixing screws 46, 56, 66 is received by the receiving surfaces 47a, 57a, 67a of the spacers 47, 57, 67 via the rail member 80a, so that the rail member 80a is securely fixed.
[0040]
Then, the rail connecting portion installation rail fixing jig 70 is installed at the connecting portion of the rail member 80 a, the end of the rail member 80 a is inserted into the receiving member 73, and the fixing screw 76 is tightened to be fixed to the receiving member 73. The The fastening force of the fixing screw 76 is received by the receiving surface 77a of the spacer 77 through the rail member 80a, and the rail member 80a is securely fixed.
Thereby, two rails 80 formed by connecting a plurality of rail members 80 a are laid in parallel over the entire length of the stairs 2. The distance between the two rails 80 is equal to the distance between the left and right wheels of the casters 22 and 23 of the carriage 20.
[0041]
Next, the load 9 is placed on the loading platform 21, and is secured to the loading platform 21 by using a fixing bracket 27 by a securing belt 28. Then, the cart 20 loaded with the luggage 9 is pushed and conveyed to the bottom of the stairs 2.
Therefore, one end of the tow rope 81 is connected to the lashing belt 28, is stretched over the rope guides 58 of the two staircase top and landing place installation rail fixing jigs 50, and the other end is wound around the winch 82. Thereafter, the winch 82 is driven, the tow rope 81 is wound around the winch 82, and the stair climbing of the carriage 20 is started.
[0042]
Then, the carriage 20 runs to the stairs 2 side, and its front wheels enter into the pair of guide members 35, are guided by the guide members 35, and are guided into the rails 80. Similarly, other wheels sequentially enter the pair of guide members 35, are guided by the guide members 35, and are guided into the rails 80. Then, the carriage 20 is pulled by the winch 82 via the tow rope 81, runs in the rail 80, and is raised to the top of the stairs 2. Therefore, the connection of the tow rope 81 with the lashing band 28 is released, and the carriage 20 is manually transported to a predetermined place.
When approaching the staircase from the lowermost part of the stairs 2 and the landing 3a, as shown in FIG. 2, the front and rear four wheels of the carriage 20 receive a load and the stairs from the lowermost part of the stairs 2 and the landing 3a. Migrate to Further, when approaching the top of the staircase 2 and the landing 3a from the staircase, as shown in FIG. 3, the four wheels inside the carriage 20 receive a load and receive the top of the staircase 2 and the landing 3a from the staircase. Migrate to Further, although a gap is formed at the joint between the rail members 80a, since the gap is extremely small with respect to the diameter of the wheels of the casters 25, the wheels of the casters 25 smoothly transition to the adjacent rail members 80a.
[0043]
On the other hand, when the trolley 20 is lowered down the stairs 2, the wheel is guided from the top of the stairs 2 into the rail 80 and the traction rope 81 is extended from the winch 82, and the trolley 20 and the trolley 20 are used by their own weight. 20 is turned on the rail 80. When the carriage 20 moves from the top of the staircase to the staircase, the tow rope 81 is passed over the guide roller 58 of the rail fixing jig 50 installed at the top of the staircase, and the carriage 20 moves from the landing to the staircase. At the time of shifting, the traction rope 81 is passed over the guide roller 58 of the rail fixing jig 50 installed on the step, and the traction rope 81 is caused to run smoothly by the guide roller 58. Then, after the carriage 20 is lowered to the lowermost part of the stairs 2, the connection between the traction rope 81 and the lashing band 28 is released, and the carriage 20 is conveyed manually to a predetermined place.
Then, the tow rope 81 is brought to the lowermost part or the uppermost part of the stairs 2 and the next carriage 20 is moved up and down.
[0044]
According to the first embodiment, the rail 80 is laid over the entire length of the stairs 2 and the stairs 2 are moved up and down by moving the wheels of the trolley 20 through the rails 80, so that the straightness of the trolley 20 is ensured. At the same time, a scaffold for the worker is secured, and the safety of the work is improved.
Further, since the tow rope 81 connected to the carriage 20 is wound or unwound by the winch 82 to raise and lower the carriage 20, the load on the operator is remarkably reduced and the working efficiency is improved.
Moreover, since the carriage 20 is used, the height of the vehicle is lowered, and stability at the time of approaching from the bottom of the stairs 2 and the landing to the staircase, and from the staircase to the landing and the top of the stairs is improved. The
Furthermore, an expensive structure such as a rubber crawler vehicle is not required, and an inexpensive stair climbing method is provided.
[0045]
In addition, each fixing jig 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 has a receiving member 33, 43, 53, 63, 73 for supporting the rail member 80a with respect to the base 31, 41, 51, 61, 71. 34, 44, 54, 64, and 74 are rotatably attached, so that the rail member 80a is simply inserted into the receiving members 33, 43, 53, 63, and 73, so that the receiving members 33, 43, 53, and The angles 63 and 73 are automatically aligned. Therefore, it is not necessary to individually adjust the angles of the receiving members 33, 43, 53, 63, 73, and the laying operation of the rail member 80a is remarkably facilitated. Similarly, the rail member 80a can be laid regardless of the gradient of the stairs 2, and is excellent in versatility.
Moreover, since the rail fixing jig 50 for installing the staircase top and landing is provided with the guide roller 58, the tow rope 81 is guided by the guide roller 58 and can run without touching the landing or the edge of the top of the staircase.
[0046]
In addition, the rail 80 can be installed over the entire length of the stairs 2 by changing the number of installation of the rail fixing jig 40 for installing the middle part of the staircase and the rail fixing jig 70 for installing the rail connecting part according to the number of steps of the staircase 2. Excellent in sex.
Moreover, since each fixing jig 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 is integrated by the rail member 80a, the fixing tool which fixes each fixing jig 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 to the stairs 2 is unnecessary. Become. Therefore, damage to the staircase 2 due to the use of a fixing tool such as a bolt can be suppressed, and the installation of the rail 80 can be simplified.
Moreover, since the flat back surfaces of the bases 31, 41, 51, 61, 71 of the fixing jigs 30, 40, 50, 60, 70 are applied to the flat part of the step 3, the load of the luggage 9 is It is dispersed and added to the step 3, and damage to the step 3 is suppressed.
Further, since the fixing jigs 40, 50, and 70 are attached with the L-shaped bent portions of the bases 41, 51, and 71 being in close contact with the edge portion of the step 3, the load of the load 9 is applied to the edge of the step 3. The damage to the edge part of the step 3 is suppressed without concentrating on the part.
[0047]
In Embodiment 1 described above, the rail fixing jig 50 for installing the stairs top and landing is described as being installed at the top of the stairs 2, but the same as the rail fixing jig 30 for installing the stairs bottom. In addition, a guide member may be provided for guiding the wheel to the rail member 81 and guiding it to the rail fixing jig 50 for installing the staircase top and landing stage installed at the top of the staircase 2. In this case, when the carriage 20 is lowered, the wheels are smoothly guided to the rail member 81, and workability is improved.
Further, even if the second receiving member 55 of the rail fixing jig 50 for installing the staircase top and landing on the top of the staircase 2 is inclined so that the first receiving member 53 side is in contact with the base 51. Good. In this case, the wheel of the caster 25 smoothly transitions from the second receiving member 55 to the uppermost floor surface of the staircase 2, and stability is improved.
[0048]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 21, a rail fixing jig 40 for installing a staircase middle portion in which a rubber sheet 29 is mounted on the back surface of a base 41 is used. Although not shown, the rail fixing jig 30 for installing the stairs at the bottom, the rail fixing jig 50 for installing the top of the stairs and landing, the rail fixing jig 60 for installing the bottom of the stairs landing, and the rail fixing for installing the rail connecting part. A rubber sheet 29 is also attached to the back of the bases 31, 51, 61, 71 of the jig 70.
Other configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
[0049]
Therefore, also in the second embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.
Moreover, in this Embodiment 2, since the rubber sheet 29 is mounted on the back surface of the bases 31, 41, 51, 61, 71 of the fixing jigs 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, the floor of the stairs 2 It is possible to reliably prevent damage to the surface, particularly the edge portion of the step 3. Furthermore, since the rubber sheet 29 acts so as to prevent the movement of the fixing jigs 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, the carriage 20 can be moved up and down stably.
[0050]
In each of the above embodiments, the C-shaped channel is used for the receiving member of the fixing jigs 30, 40, 50, 60, 70. However, even if the steel plate is bent in a U shape, the receiving member is produced. Good. In this case, since the U-shaped inner wall surface is not inclined, the spacer can be omitted.
[0051]
【The invention's effect】
Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, there exists an effect as described below.
[0053]
According to this invention And a pair of flat bases connected and integrated with a predetermined interval by the connecting member and having the main surface as the same surface position, and a cross-sectional core formed with a screw hole formed on one side of the U-shape. A U-shaped groove formed on the main surfaces of the pair of bases so as to be rotatable about an axis parallel to the main surfaces and having axes aligned with each other. Since a pair of first receiving members attached with their directions orthogonal to the axis of the shaft and fixing screws screwed into the screw holes are provided, the rail member is simply inserted into the first receiving member. Thus, the angle of the first receiving member can be automatically set, and it is not necessary to adjust the angle of the first receiving member in accordance with the gradient of the stairs, and a rail fixing jig that can improve the laying workability of the rail is obtained.
[0054]
Further, as the pair of guide members are disposed on one side of the first receiving member in the U-shaped groove direction on the main surface of each base, the gap between the guide members increases as the distance from the receiving member increases. Thus, the wheels of the casters of the carriage can be smoothly guided to the rails.
[0055]
In addition, a pair of second receiving members each having a U-shaped cross section in which a screw hole is formed on one side of a U-shape are respectively formed on the main surface of the base, and the second receiving members of the first receiving members are formed on the main surface of the base. Since the U-shaped groove direction is attached to one side of the U-shaped groove direction so that the U-shaped groove direction coincides with the U-shaped groove direction of the first receiving member, a rail is easily installed on the staircase having a landing it can.
[0056]
In addition, a pair of bases each formed in an L-shaped cross section, having a predetermined interval by a connecting member, and connected and integrated with the main surface and the bent side as the same surface position, and the screw holes are U-shaped. A first axis formed in a U-shaped cross section formed on one side of the shape, parallel to the L-shaped bent portion on each main surface of the pair of bases, and having the axes aligned with each other A pair of affixed so that the U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis of the first shaft, and one side of the U-shaped groove extends from the L-shaped bent portion so as to be rotatable around. Since the first receiving member and the fixing screw screwed into the screw hole are provided, the angle of the first receiving member can be automatically set only by inserting the rail member into the first receiving member. It is not necessary to adjust the angle of the first receiving member according to the slope, and it is easily installed on the step. Can, rail fixture capable of improving the laying work of the rails is obtained.
[0057]
In addition, a pair of second receiving members each having a U-shaped cross-section in which a screw hole is formed on one side of the U-shape are respectively formed on the main surface of the base and opposite to the first receiving member. A U-shaped groove direction is attached to the L-shaped bent part side so that the U-shaped groove direction coincides with the U-shaped groove direction of the first receiving member, and a guide roller is parallel to the first axis on the connecting member. Since it is rotatably attached around the second axis, the tow rope can run without touching the landing or the edge of the top of the stairs by the guide roller.
[0058]
Moreover, since the rubber sheet is mounted on the back surface of the base, damage to the stairs is suppressed, and the rail fixing jig is stably installed on the stairs.
[0059]
Further, a pair of flat bases are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and a first receiving member having a U-shaped cross section is parallel to the main surface of the base on each base, and The rail fixing jig for installing the lowermost part of the staircase attached so that the U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axial center of the shaft so as to be able to rotate around the axis with the axis centers aligned with each other. Installed on the lower floor,
A pair of bases having an L-shaped cross section are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and a first receiving member having a U-shaped cross section has an L-shaped bent portion of the base on each base. The U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis of the shaft, and the L-shaped bent portion is arranged at one end of the L-shaped bent portion. The rail fixing jig for installing the middle part of the staircase attached to extend from the step is installed on the step of the staircase by engaging the L-shaped bent part with the edge part of the step,
A pair of bases having an L-shaped cross section are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and first receiving members having a U-shaped cross section are parallel to the L-shaped bent portion of the base. And the U-shaped groove direction is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, and the L-shaped bent portion is further disposed at one end thereof so as to be rotatable around a first axis whose axes are aligned with each other. A rail fixing jig for installation at the top of the staircase, wherein the guide roller is attached to the connecting member so as to be rotatable about a second axis parallel to the first axis. The step of installing a rail fixing jig that engages the bent portion of the top of the staircase and installs it at the top of the staircase,
A rail member having a U-shaped cross section having a predetermined length is used for the first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the lowermost part of the staircase, the first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the middle part of the staircase, and for installing the uppermost part of the staircase. A rail laying step of inserting the rail member into the first receiving member of the rail fixing jig, and then fastening and fixing the rail member to the first receiving member, and laying a pair of rails in parallel over the entire length of the stairs;
A hoist installation process for installing a hoist on the top floor of the stairs;
When a cart with casters with a load secured to the loading platform is at the bottom of the stairs, one end of a tow rope is connected to the cart, and the other end is wound around the guide roller, and the other end is wound around the hoisting machine, Next, the hoisting machine is driven to wind up the tow rope, the wheels of the casters are guided into the rails from the lower part of the pair of rails, and the carriages are moved in the pair of rails so that the cart is moved to the stairs. When the carriage is at the top of the staircase, one end of the traction rope wound around the hoisting machine is connected to the carriage, and then the hoisting machine is driven to drive the traction The rope is fed out, the wheels of the casters are guided into the rails from the upper part of the pair of rails, and the tow rope is stretched over the guide rollers to run in the pair of rails. And transporting the cart to the lowermost part of the stairs and raising and lowering the cart, so that the operator's scaffolding and the linearity of raising and lowering the cart are secured, and the load on the worker is reduced. A heavy-weight stair climbing method can be obtained.
[0060]
In the installation process of the rail fixing jig,
A pair of bases having an L-shaped cross section are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and first receiving members having a U-shaped cross section are parallel to the L-shaped bent portion of the base. In addition, the U-shaped groove direction is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, and one end of the U-shaped groove extends from the L-shaped bent portion so as to be rotatable around an axis whose axes are aligned with each other. Further, the second receiving member having a U-shaped cross-section is mounted on the side of the first receiving member of each base opposite to the L-shaped bent portion, and the U-shaped groove direction is set to the first receiving member. Stair dance attached to match the U-shaped groove direction of the member Place Placing the mounting rail fixing jig on the landing of the stairs by engaging the L-shaped bent portion with the edge of the landing;
A pair of flat bases are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and a first receiving member having a U-shaped cross section is parallel to the main surface of the base on each base and is mutually axial. Are attached so that the U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis of the shaft, and a second receiving member having a U-shaped cross-section is mounted on each base. A rail fixing jig for installing a lower staircase landing attached to one side of the receiving member with its U-shaped groove direction aligned with the U-shaped groove direction of the first receiving member. A step of positioning the member on the lower side of the step of the stairs and installing it on the landing floor surface,
In the rail laying process,
The rail member includes a first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the lowermost part of the staircase, a first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the middle part of the staircase, and the stair dance Place Inserting the first receiving member of the mounting rail fixing jig into the first receiving member, and then fastening and fixing the rail member to each first receiving member;
The rail member, the stairs dance Place Inserting the second receiving member of the mounting rail fixing jig and the second receiving member of the rail fixing jig for lower installation of the stair landing, and then fastening and fixing the rail member to each of the second receiving members;
The rail member includes a first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the lower part of the stair landing, a first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the middle part of the staircase, and a first fixing member of the rail fixing jig for installing the uppermost part of the staircase. A step of inserting the rail member into the receiving member and then fastening and fixing the rail member to each of the first receiving members. Therefore, even on a staircase with a landing, the load on the operator is reduced and the stability of the load is reduced. Can be ascending and descending the stairs.
[0061]
In addition, since the four carts are mounted in pairs on the back and front of the cargo bed, the cart height of the cart can be lowered and the stability of the luggage during the staircase approach can be ensured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a structure of a carriage applied to a heavy material stair climbing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining an approach operation from a horizontal plane to an upward inclined surface of the carriage.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining an approach operation from an upward inclined surface of the carriage to a horizontal plane.
FIG. 4 is a top view showing a rail fixing jig for installation at the bottom of the staircase, which is applied to the stair climbing method for heavy objects according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing a rail fixing jig for installation at the bottom of the staircase, which is applied to the stair climbing method for heavy objects according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a top view showing a rail fixing jig for installing a stairway middle portion applied to the heavy material stair climbing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a side view showing a rail fixing jig for installing a stair intermediate portion applied to the heavy material stair ascending / descending method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a top view showing a rail fixing jig for installing a staircase top and landing, which is applied to the heavy material stair climbing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a side view showing a rail fixing jig for installing a staircase top and landing, which is applied to the heavy material stair climbing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a top view showing a rail fixing jig for installing a lower part of a stair landing, which is applied to the stair climbing method for heavy objects according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a side view showing the rail fixing jig for installing the lower part of the stair landing, which is applied to the heavy material stair lifting method according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a top view showing a rail fixing jig for installing a rail connecting portion applied to the heavy article stair climbing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a side view showing a rail connecting part installation rail fixing jig applied to the heavy article stair climbing method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a side view for explaining the installation state of the rail fixing jig for installing the stairs at the bottom according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a side view for explaining an installation state of the rail fixing jig for installing the stairway middle portion according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a side view for explaining an installation state of the rail fixing jig for installing the stairway top and landing according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 17 is a side view for explaining an installation state of the rail fixing jig for installing the lower part of the stair landing according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 18 is a side view for explaining an installed state of the rail connecting portion installation rail fixing jig according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 19 is a side view for explaining an installation state of the rail fixing jig for installing the stairway top and landing according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 20 is a side view for explaining the stair lifting / lowering method for heavy objects according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 21 is a side view for explaining an installation state of a rail fixing jig for installing a stairway middle portion according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 22 is a perspective view for explaining a slope laying state in a conventional heavy object stair climbing method.
FIG. 23 is a process diagram for explaining a conventional heavy object stair climbing method.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Stairs, 3 steps, 3a landing, 20 trolleys, 21 cargo beds, 25 casters, 29 rubber sheets, 30 rail fixing jigs for installation at the bottom of the stairs, 31 bases, 32 connecting members, 33 first receiving members, 33a screws Hole, 34 shaft, 35 guide member, 36 fixing screw, 40 rail fixing jig for installing stairway middle part, 41 base, 42 connecting member, 43 first receiving member, 43a screw hole, 44 shaft, 46 fixing screw, 50 Rail fixing jig for stairs top and landing place installation, 51 base, 52 connecting member, 53 first receiving member, 53a screw hole, 54 shaft, 55 second receiving member, 55a screw hole, 56 fixing screw, 58 guide roller , 59 axis, 60 stair landing lower rail installation jig, 61 base, 62 connecting member, 63 first receiving member, 63a screw hole, 64 axis, 65 second receiving member, 65a screw hole, 6 fixing screw, 70 rail fixing jig for installing rail connecting portion, 71 base, 72 connecting member, 73 first receiving member, 73a screw hole, 74 shaft, 76 fixing screw, 80 rail, 80a rail member, 81 towing rope , 82 Winch (winding machine).

Claims

A pair of flat bases connected and integrated with a predetermined interval by the connecting member and with the main surface as the same surface position, and a U-shaped cross section formed on one side of each U-shaped screw hole On each main surface of the pair of bases, and is rotatable about an axis parallel to the main surface and having the axes aligned with each other, and the U-shaped groove direction A rail fixing jig comprising: a pair of first receiving members attached perpendicularly to the axis of the shaft; and a fixing screw screwed into the screw hole.

A pair of guide members is formed on one side of the first receiving member in the U-shaped groove direction on the main surface of each of the bases so that the gap between the guide members increases as the distance from the receiving member increases. The rail fixing jig according to claim 1 , wherein the rail fixing jig is disposed on the rail.

A pair of second receiving members each having a U-shaped cross section formed on one side of a U-shaped screw hole are respectively formed on the main surface of the base and the U-shaped of the first receiving members. The rail fixing jig according to claim 1 , wherein the U-shaped groove direction is attached to one side of the groove direction so that the U-shaped groove direction coincides with the U-shaped groove direction of the first receiving member. .

A pair of bases each formed in an L-shaped cross section, connected at a predetermined interval by a connecting member, and connected and integrated with the principal surface and the bent side as the same plane position, and the screw holes are U-shaped. Formed in a U-shaped cross section formed on one side, on each main surface of the pair of bases, parallel to the L-shaped bent portion, and around the first axis with the axes aligned with each other A pair of first attached so that the U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis of the first shaft and the one side is extended from the L-shaped bent portion so as to be rotatable. A rail fixing jig comprising a receiving member and a fixing screw screwed into the screw hole.

A pair of second receiving members each having a U-shaped cross-section with a screw hole formed on one side of a U-shape are respectively formed on the main surface of the base and are anti-L-shaped to the first receiving members. A U-shaped groove direction is attached to the bent portion side so that the U-shaped groove direction of the first receiving member coincides with the U-shaped groove direction, and a guide roller is attached to the connecting member in a second direction parallel to the first axis. 5. The rail fixing jig according to claim 4 , wherein the rail fixing jig is rotatably mounted around an axis.

Rail fixture as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the rubber sheet is mounted on the rear surface of the base.

A pair of flat bases are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and a first receiving member having a U-shaped cross section is parallel to the main surface of the base on each base, and is mutually A rail fixing jig for installation at the bottom of the staircase attached so that the U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis of the shaft so that it can be rotated around an axis with the same axis. Installed on the surface,
A pair of bases having an L-shaped cross section are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and a first receiving member having a U-shaped cross section has an L-shaped bent portion of the base on each base. The U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis of the shaft, and the L-shaped bent portion is arranged at one end of the L-shaped bent portion. The rail fixing jig for installing the middle part of the staircase attached to extend from the step is installed on the step of the staircase by engaging the L-shaped bent part with the edge part of the step,
A pair of bases having an L-shaped cross section are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and first receiving members having a U-shaped cross section are parallel to the L-shaped bent portion of the base. And the U-shaped groove direction is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, and the L-shaped bent portion is further disposed at one end thereof so as to be rotatable around a first axis whose axes are aligned with each other. A rail fixing jig for installation at the top of the staircase, wherein the guide roller is attached to the connecting member so as to be rotatable about a second axis parallel to the first axis. The step of installing a rail fixing jig that engages the bent portion of the top of the staircase and installs it at the top of the staircase,
A rail member having a U-shaped cross section having a predetermined length is used for the first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the lowermost part of the staircase, the first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the middle part of the staircase, and for installing the uppermost part of the staircase. A rail laying step of inserting the rail member into the first receiving member of the rail fixing jig, and then fastening and fixing the rail member to the first receiving member, and laying a pair of rails in parallel over the entire length of the stairs;
A hoist installation process for installing a hoist on the top floor of the stairs;
When a cart with casters with a load secured to the loading platform is at the bottom of the stairs, one end of a tow rope is connected to the cart, and the other end is wound around the guide roller, and the other end is wound around the hoisting machine, Next, the hoisting machine is driven to wind up the tow rope, the wheels of the casters are guided into the rails from the lower part of the pair of rails, and the carriages are moved in the pair of rails so that the cart is moved to the stairs. When the carriage is at the top of the staircase, one end of the traction rope wound around the hoisting machine is connected to the carriage, and then the hoisting machine is driven to drive the traction The rope is fed out, the wheels of the casters are guided into the rails from the upper part of the pair of rails, and the tow rope is stretched over the guide rollers to run in the pair of rails. , The carriage and conveyed to the bottom of the stairs, climbing stairs method of heavy characterized in that a step of elevating the carriage.

In the installation process of the rail fixing jig,
A pair of bases having an L-shaped cross section are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and first receiving members having a U-shaped cross section are parallel to the L-shaped bent portion of the base. In addition, the U-shaped groove direction is perpendicular to the axis of the shaft, and one end of the U-shaped groove extends from the L-shaped bent portion so as to be rotatable around an axis whose axes are aligned with each other. Further, the second receiving member having a U-shaped cross-section is mounted on the side of the first receiving member of each base opposite to the L-shaped bent portion, and the U-shaped groove direction is set to the first receiving member. stairs dance Ba設置用rail fixture which is mounted to match the groove direction U-shaped member, by engaging the L-shaped bent portion to the edge portion of the landing installed landings of the staircase And a process of
A pair of flat bases are connected and integrated by a connecting member at a predetermined interval, and a first receiving member having a U-shaped cross section is parallel to the main surface of the base on each base and is mutually axial. Are attached so that the U-shaped groove direction is orthogonal to the axis of the shaft, and a second receiving member having a U-shaped cross-section is mounted on each base. A rail fixing jig for installing a lower staircase landing attached to one side of the receiving member with its U-shaped groove direction aligned with the U-shaped groove direction of the first receiving member. A step of positioning the member on the lower side of the step of the stairs and installing it on the landing floor surface,
In the rail laying process,
The rail member, first receiving member of the stair bottom installation rails fixture, the first receiving member and the stair dance Ba設置用rail fixture of the stair intermediate portion disposed rail fixture first Inserting into one receiving member, and then fastening and fixing the rail member to each first receiving member;
Said rail member, said stepped dancing Ba設置用rail fixture is inserted into the second receiving member of the second receiving member and the stair landings lower installation rails fixture, then the respective second said rail member Fastening and fixing to the receiving member;
The rail member includes a first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the lower part of the stair landing, a first receiving member of the rail fixing jig for installing the middle part of the staircase, and a first fixing member of the rail fixing jig for installing the uppermost part of the staircase. 8. A method for lifting and lowering a heavy article according to claim 7, further comprising a step of inserting the rail member into the receiving member and then fastening and fixing the rail member to each of the first receiving members.

9. The method of lifting and lowering a heavy article according to claim 7 or claim 8 , wherein two pairs of casters are mounted on the back and front of the back of the loading platform, respectively.