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JP3941266B2 - Semiconductor power module - Google Patents
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JP3941266B2 - Semiconductor power module - Google Patents

Semiconductor power module Download PDF

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JP3941266B2
JP3941266B2 JP30548498A JP30548498A JP3941266B2 JP 3941266 B2 JP3941266 B2 JP 3941266B2 JP 30548498 A JP30548498 A JP 30548498A JP 30548498 A JP30548498 A JP 30548498A JP 3941266 B2 JP3941266 B2 JP 3941266B2
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Prior art keywords
control
main
control circuit
main circuit
power
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JP30548498A
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JP2000133768A (en
Inventor
寿 川藤
祐久 野田
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10WGENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10W72/00Interconnections or connectors in packages
    • H10W72/50Bond wires
    • H10W72/541Dispositions of bond wires
    • H10W72/547Dispositions of multiple bond wires
    • H10W72/5473Dispositions of multiple bond wires multiple bond wires connected to a common bond pad
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10WGENERIC PACKAGES, INTERCONNECTIONS, CONNECTORS OR OTHER CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10W90/00Package configurations
    • H10W90/701Package configurations characterised by the relative positions of pads or connectors relative to package parts
    • H10W90/751Package configurations characterised by the relative positions of pads or connectors relative to package parts of bond wires
    • H10W90/754Package configurations characterised by the relative positions of pads or connectors relative to package parts of bond wires between a chip and a stacked insulating package substrate, interposer or RDL

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、半導体パワーモジュールに関し、特に、その耐ノイズ性を維持しつつ製造工数低減を可能とする構成に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
インテリジェントパワーモジュールとしての半導体パワーモジュールは、スイッチング等の電力制御用に供するパワー半導体素子を備える主回路と、該主回路の動作を制御する制御半導体素子を備える制御回路とを、1個の装置に組み込んだものであり、主としてモータ等を制御するインバータ等に応用されている。
【0003】
図7は従来の半導体パワーモジュールにおける回路基板の断面図である。図において、11は主回路基板であり、熱良導性の金属板12の一主面上に配設された絶縁層13と、さらにその上に配設された主回路配線パターン14とからなる。主回路配線パターン14には、主回路を構成するパワー半導体素子20が載置され、半田付けされている。
【0004】
15は制御回路基板であり、絶縁層13の主面上における主回路配線パターン14が配設されていない一定の領域に載置されている。制御回路基板15は、板状の絶縁体である回路基板本体16と、回路基板本体16の両主面に配設された制御回路配線パターン17からなり、制御回路配線パターン17には、制御回路を構成する制御半導体素子21が載置され、半田付けされている。そして、制御回路基板15は絶縁層13上に固着されている。
【0005】
半導体パワーモジュールは、主回路において発生する損失熱を効果的に、装置の外部に放散する必要があり、従って、図7に示した従来の半導体パワーモジュールにおいては、大きな電流が流れるパワー半導体素子20および主回路配線パターン14において発生する損失熱は、絶縁層13を介して金属板12に伝わり、さらに金属板12に接合された外部の放熱機構(図示せず)へと放散される。
【0006】
なお、制御半導体素子21はパワー半導体素子20へ入力する制御信号を発生する制御ICであり、微弱な電流が流れるのみであるので、制御回路基板15は熱を放散するための特別の考慮が不要であり、このため、主回路基板11の絶縁層13の主面上の領域に制御回路基板15を載置した構造とし、パワー半導体素子20のスイッチング時に発生するノイズが金属板12を介して制御半導体素子21へ伝播するのを防止するようになされている。
【0007】
しかし、従来の半導体パワーモジュールは、主回路基板11の上に制御回路基板15を積み重ねた積層構造を有し、この二つの基板の主面の間に相当の段差が生じるため、予め二つの基板を積層構造に組んだ後に、それぞれの基板上にパワー半導体素子20および制御半導体素子21の実装を一括して行うことが困難であり、半導体パワーモジュールを製造する過程において、主回路基板11へのパワー半導体素子20の実装と、制御回路基板15への制御半導体素子21の実装とが、別々の工程で行われ、その後で二つの基板が積層構造に一体化されていた。
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の半導体パワーモジュールとしての半導体パワーモジュールは、以上のように構成されているので、即ち、主回路基板11の上に制御回路基板15を積み重ねた積層構造を有するので、この二つの基板の主面の間に相当の段差を生じ、それぞれの基板上にパワー半導体素子の実装と素子の実装とを一括して行うことが困難であり、これらが別々の工程で行われていたので、半導体パワーモジュールの製造工程において多くの工数を要し、それに伴ってコスト高になるという問題点があった。
【0009】
この発明は、上記のような問題点を解消するためになされたものであり、主回路で発生する損失熱を十分に放散することができると共に、耐ノイズ性に優れ、かつ、製造工数が少なく、低コストで製造できる半導体パワーモジュールを得ることを目的とする。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
第1の発明に係る半導体パワーモジュールは、金属板の一主面上に配設された絶縁層上に、パワー半導体素子を載置した複数の主回路導体領域を有する主回路ブロックおよび制御半導体素子を載置した複数の制御回路導体領域を有する制御回路ブロックを備えた半導体パワーモジュールにおいて、前記主回路ブロックおよび前記制御回路ブロックが直線状の分離帯で分離されて該分離帯上に帯状の導体領域が配設され、該帯状の導体領域が金属箔パターン若しくはリードフレームにて形成され接地し得るように構成されると共に、前記パワー半導体素子および前記制御半導体素子が前記直線状の分離帯に略平行に配列されるように前記複数の主回路導体領域および前記複数の制御回路導体領域が配設され、かつ、前記複数の主回路導体領域の一端部が前記直線状の分離帯より離れる方向に導出されて主電流入出力用外部リード端子が形成されたものである。
【0011】
第2の発明に係わる半導体パワーモジュールは、第1の発明に係わる半導体パワーモジュールにおいて、複数の主回路導体領域および複数の制御回路導体領域がそれぞれリードフレームにて形成され、外部リード端子が前記主回路導体領域および前記制御回路導体領域と一体のリード群にて形成されたものである。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
実施の形態1.
この発明の実施の形態1を図1〜図3に基づき説明する。図1は半導体パワーモジュールにおける回路基板の平面図、図2は図1に示した回路基板の断面図、図3は図1に示した半導体パワーモジュールに載置された三相インバータの回路図である。図中、従来例と同じ符号で示されたものは従来例のそれと同一若しくは同等なものを示す。
【0014】
図1、図3において、IGBT1〜IGBT6は絶縁ゲート・バイポーラ・トランジスタ(以下、パワー素子と記す)、D1〜D6はパワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6のそれぞれに逆並列に接続されたフライホイルダイオード(以下、ダイオード素子と記す)、IC1〜IC3はハイサイド側の、IC4はロウサイド側の制御IC(以下、制御素子と記す)であり、それぞれ対応するパワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6のゲートに接続されている。
【0015】
また、図1、図2において、1は絶縁金属基板であり、金属板2、絶縁層3、銅箔パターン4にて構成されており、銅箔パターン4は、パワー半導体素子20を搭載した主回路パターン部4a、制御半導体素子21を搭載した制御回路パターン部4bからなり、接続線22〜接続線24により電気的に接続されている。5は電力用リード、6は制御用リードであり、それぞれの一端が主回路パターン部4a、制御回路パターン部4bに半田付けされている。7は絶縁金属基板1やパワー半導体素子20、制御半導体素子21等を収納するケースであり、電力用リード5、制御用リード6の他端がケース7を貫通し、外部に露出して外部リード端子を形成している。
【0016】
なお、図2に示した回路基板の断面図では、図1、図3に示した6個のパワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6およびダイオード素子D1〜D6を総称してパワー半導体素子20として示し、制御用ICである3個のハイサイド側の制御素子IC1〜IC3、1個のロウサイド側の制御素子IC4を総称して制御半導体素子21として示している。また、パワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6の主電流入力端子P、Nおよび主電流出力端子U、V、Wを電力用リード5として、制御素子IC1〜IC3の制御信号入力端子UP、VP、WP、UN、VN、WNおよび接地用リードGND等を制御用リード6として示している。
【0017】
また、銅箔パターン4は、パワー半導体素子20、即ち、パワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6等がそれぞれ載置され、半田付けされた導体領域およびその電力入出力部としての導体領域からなる複数の主回路導体領域を有する主回路ブロックとしての主回路パターン部4aと、制御半導体素子21、即ち、制御素子IC1〜IC4がそれぞれ載置され、半田付けされた導体領域およびその制御信号入力部ならびに電源入力部としての導体領域からなる複数の制御回路導体領域を有する制御回路ブロックとしての制御回路パターン部4bとから構成されている。
【0018】
そして、前記主回路ブロックと前記制御回路ブロック、即ち、主回路パターン部4aと制御回路パターン部4bとは、絶縁金属基板1の一辺に略平行な、即ち、図1の図面上の中央部上下に設けられた直線状の分離帯Sで左右に分離して配置されている。
【0019】
さらに、パワー半導体素子20としてパワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6および制御半導体素子21としての制御素子IC1〜IC4がそれぞれ前記直線状の分離帯に略平行に直列に配列されるように前記複数の主回路導体領域および前記複数の制御回路導体領域が配設され、かつ、前記複数の主回路導体領域における直線状の分離帯S側とは反対側の一端部が該直線状の分離帯より離れる方向、即ち、絶縁金属基板1における前記直線状の分離帯に平行な周辺側に導出され、その先端部にパワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6の主電流入出力用外部リード端子P、N、U、V、Wが形成されている。
【0020】
即ち、主回路パターン部4aおよび制御回路パターン部4bには、外部と接続のため、その一端部がそれぞれ絶縁金属基板1の図面左右側の一辺に並列に配列され、電力用リード5および制御用リード6の一端部がそれぞれ半田付けにより接合され、他端部が絶縁金属基板1の端縁からそれぞれ図面上左右に突出し、ケース7を貫通して外部に露出し、外部リード端子を形成している。なお、絶縁金属基板1を収納したケース7内は樹脂封止されている。
【0021】
以上の構成により、制御素子IC1〜IC4が外部からの信号を受け、駆動信号を対応するパワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6に出力し、各パワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6が前記駆動信号の入力により、端子P、Nからの直流入力をON、OFFし、端子U、V、Wより負荷である三相モータ(図示せず)に任意の周波数の交流出力を供給する。即ち、制御素子IC1、制御素子IC4が外部制御信号の入力により対応するパワー素子IGBT1、パワー素子IGBT4へそれぞれ駆動信号を出力し、これらの駆動信号の入力によりパワー素子IGBT1がON、パワー素子IGBT4がOFFすることにより、端子Pから入力された主電流が端子Uを介して三相モータ(図示せず)へ出力される。
【0022】
図1から明白であるように、パワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6の電流経路は、主回路パターン部4aと制御回路パターン部4bとが入れ子にならないように直線状の分離帯Sで図面上左右に2分割し、相互に離して配置したので、制御素子IC1〜IC4から隔たっている。また、パワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6を直線状の分離帯Sに略平行に直列に配列するように前記複数の主回路導体領域を配設し、それらの一端部を直線状の分離帯Sより離れる方向に導出してパワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6の主電流入出力用外部リード端子P、N、U、V、Wを形成すると共に、ハイサイド側のパワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT3とローサイド側のパワー素子IGBT4〜IGBT6との接続線22が直線状の分離帯Sに対してできるだけ直交する配置となるように考慮した。
【0023】
また、制御素子IC1〜IC4も直線状の分離帯Sに略平行に直列に配列するように前記複数の制御回路導体領域を配設し、制御素子IC1〜IC4が対応する制御対象のパワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6との隔離距離を略等しくすると共に、できるだけ隔離されるように考慮した。さらに、パワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6と制御素子IC1〜IC4とを接続する接続線23は電気信号のみ伝達するものであり、前記主回路の電流経路とは交叉しないように配線した。
【0024】
以上の結果として、制御素子IC1〜IC4に対するパワー素子IGBT1〜IGBT6のON、OFFに伴って発生するノイズの影響を少なくすることができた。即ち、パワー半導体素子20は制御半導体素子21からの制御信号の入力により、高速でON、OFFのスイッチングを繰り返し、この際の急峻な電流変化di/dtにより、パワー半導体素子20及び主回路パターン部4aの周辺にノイズが発生するが、上記一連の処置により、金属板2を介して制御半導体素子21への前記ノイズの伝播が阻止される。
【0025】
以上のように、実施の形態1においては、銅箔パターン4を主回路パターン部4a、制御回路パターン部4bにて構成すると共にこれらを直線状の分離帯Sで分離し、信号伝達線の配線等を前記主回路の電流経路と交叉させない等の配慮により、図7に示した従来のものと比較して、耐ノイズ性を維持しつつ、積層構造を有せず、構造が簡単のために製造工数を低減でき、さらに、前記直線状の分離帯が存在するも、図1に示したごとく主回路パターン部4aおよび制御回路パターン部4bのそれぞれを構成する各導体領域を相互に接近して配置したことにより銅箔パターン4の、即ち、絶縁金属基板1の省スペース化を図れ、小型で安価な半導体パワーモジュールが得られる。
【0026】
実施の形態2.
この発明の実施の形態2を図4に基づき説明する。図4は半導体パワーモジュールにおける回路基板の断面を示す図である。図において、1Aは絶縁金属基板、8は絶縁層3に接着されたリードフレームであり、絶縁金属基板1Aは金属板2、絶縁層3およびリードフレーム8にて構成されている。
【0027】
また、リードフレーム8は、パワー半導体素子20が載置され、半田付けされた導体領域としての主回路リード部8aと、制御半導体素子21が載置され、半田付けされた導体領域としての制御回路リード部8bとから構成され、主回路リード部8aと制御回路リード部8bとは直線状の分離帯Sで分離配置されている。そして、主回路リード部8aには絶縁金属基板1Aの端縁から突出した電力入出力部としての電力用リード8cが、制御回路リード部8bには同じく、制御信号入力部ならびに電源入力部としての制御用リード8dが一体に形成されている。
【0028】
即ち、直線状の分離帯Sを挟んで、主回路リード部8aが金属絶縁基板1Aにおける図面左側に、制御回路リード部8bが図面右側に配設され、また、主回路リード部8aおよび制御回路リード部8bには絶縁金属基板1Aの端縁からそれぞれ左右に突出した電力用リード8cおよび制御用リード8dが形成され、接続線22〜24により電気的に接続されている。なお、電力用リード8cおよび制御用リード8dは絶縁金属基板1Aを収納したケース(図示せず)を貫通し、外部に露出して外部リード端子を形成している。
【0029】
図2に示した実施の形態1のものとの相違は、実施の形態1のものにおける銅箔パターン4、電力用リード5および制御用リード6の代わりに、これらを一体にリードフレーム8で構成し、金属板2上の絶縁層3に接着した点にあり、その他の構成は実施の形態1のものと同じであり、実施の形態1のものと同様に耐ノイズ性を確保しつつ、主回路リード部8aと電力用リード8c、制御回路リード部8bと制御用リード8dが一体構造であり、製造工数をさらに低減でき、安価に製造できるものが得られる。
【0030】
実施の形態3.
この発明の実施の形態3を図5、図6に基づき説明する。図5は半導体パワーモジュールにおける回路基板の平面図、図6は図5に示した回路基板の断面図である。図5、図6において、1Bは絶縁金属基板であり、金属板2、絶縁層3、銅箔パターン4Bにて構成されている。銅箔パターン4Bは、主回路パターン部4aと、制御回路パターン部4bと、主回路パターン部4aと制御回路パターン部4bとの間の直線状の分離帯S上に設けられたGND領域としてのGND用パターン部4cとから構成されている。即ち、GND用パターン部4cは直線状の分離帯上に配設され、その端子GNDが接地し得るように構成される。そして、主回路パターン部4aと制御回路パターン部4bとは、少なくとも、GND用パターン部4cの幅に相当する所定の間隔だけ相互に離して配置されている。
【0031】
図1、図2に示した実施の形態1としての半導体パワーモジュールとの相違点は、主回路パターン部4aと制御回路パターン部4bとが図面上左右に分離する直線状の分離帯S上にGND領域としてのGND用パターン部4cが挿入、配置されている点にあり、その他の構成は実施の形態1のものと同一である。したがって、実施の形態3においては、実施の形態1のものが有する効果に加えるに、GND用パターン部4cを挿入し、これを接地することにより、制御半導体素子21への前記ノイズの伝播の阻止効果が増大し、耐ノイズ性の極めて優れたものが得られる。
【0032】
なお、実施の形態3においては、GND用パターン部4cを主回路パターン部4aおよび制御回路パターン部4bと共に銅箔パターン4Bで形成したが、これを、図4に示した実施の形態3における主回路リード部8aおよび制御回路リード部8bと共にリードフレーム8で形成しても同様なノイズ伝播の阻止効果が得られる。
【0033】
また、実施の形態3においては、GND用パターン部4cに専用の接地端子GNDを設けたが、この専用の接地端子GNDは必ずしも必要でなく、直線状のGND用パターン部4cにおける両端部を絶縁層3に形成したスルーホール(図示せず)を介して金属板2と直接接続し、該金属板2を介して接地しても同様な効果が得られる。
【0034】
なお、実施の形態1〜実施の形態3において、制御半導体素子21として裸のチップを用いたが、制御半導体素子21は裸のチップに限定されるものではなく、パッケージされたICであってもよい。
【0035】
また、実施の形態1〜実施の形態3において、電力用リード5、8cおよび制御用リード6、8d等を絶縁金属基板1、1A、1B等の端縁からそれぞれ図面上左右に突出させ、ケース7等の側壁を貫通させたものを例示したが、電力用リード5、8cおよび制御用リード6、8d等は、ケース(図示せず)内にて折曲げ、該ケースの開口面より外部に露出させ、外部リード端子を形成してもよいことは言うまでもない。
【0036】
第1の発明によれば、金属板の一主面上に配設された絶縁層上において、パワー半導体素子を載置した複数の主回路導体領域からなる主回路ブロックと制御半導体素子を載置した複数の制御回路導体領域からなる制御回路ブロックとの間を直線状の分離帯で分離すると共に、前記パワー半導体素子および前記制御半導体素子が前記直線状の分離帯に略平行に配列されるように前記複数の主回路導体領域および前記複数の制御回路導体領域を配設し、かつ、前記複数の主回路導体領域の一端部を前記直線状の分離帯より離れる方向に導出して主電流入出力用外部リード端子を形成したので、前記パワー半導体素子で発生するノイズの前記制御半導体素子への伝播を阻止すると共に、前記パワー半導体素子および前記制御半導体素子を同一平面上に配設して部品実装を容易とし、さらに、前記直線状の分離帯が存在する各ブロック内においては各導体領域を接近して配置したことにより、耐ノイズ性を維持しつつ小型で安価な半導体パワーモジュールが得られる効果があり、また加えて、前記直線状の分離帯上に、金属箔パターン若しくはリードフレームにて形成すると共に接地し得るように構成した帯状の導体領域を形成したので、主回路で発生するノイズによる制御回路の誤動作をより確実に防止できる耐ノイズ性に優れた半導体パワーモジュールが得られる効果がある。
【0037】
また、第2の発明によれば、第1の発明による半導体パワーモジュールにおける複数の主回路導体領域および複数の制御回路導体領域をそれぞれリードフレームにて形成し、リード群で主電流の入出力端子部を形成したので、前記主回路導体領域および制御回路導体領域とそれぞれの外部リード端子とが一体のシンプルな構造であり、製造工数を低減でき、さらに生産性の優れた半導体パワーモジュールが得られる効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 この発明の実施の形態1としての半導体パワーモジュールにおける回路基板の平面図である。
【図2】 図1に示した回路基板の断面図である。
【図3】 図1に示した半導体パワーモジュールに載置された三相インバータの回路図である。
【図4】 この発明の実施の形態2としての半導体パワーモジュールにおける回路基板の断面図である。
【図5】 この発明の実施の形態3としての半導体パワーモジュールにおける回路基板の平面図である。
【図6】 図5に示した回路基板の断面図である。
【図7】 従来の半導体パワーモジュールにおける回路基板の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1、1A、1B 絶縁金属基板、2 金属板、3 絶縁層、4、4B 銅箔パターン、4a 主回路パターン部、4b 制御回路パターン部、4c GND用パターン部、5 制御用リード、6 電力用リード、7 ケース、8 リードフレーム、20 パワー半導体素子、21 制御半導体素子
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a semiconductor power module, and more particularly to a configuration capable of reducing the number of manufacturing steps while maintaining its noise resistance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A semiconductor power module as an intelligent power module includes a main circuit including a power semiconductor element used for power control such as switching and a control circuit including a control semiconductor element for controlling the operation of the main circuit in one device. It is built in and applied mainly to inverters that control motors and the like.
[0003]
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a circuit board in a conventional semiconductor power module. In the figure, reference numeral 11 denotes a main circuit board, which comprises an insulating layer 13 disposed on one main surface of a thermally conductive metal plate 12, and a main circuit wiring pattern 14 disposed thereon. . On the main circuit wiring pattern 14, a power semiconductor element 20 constituting the main circuit is placed and soldered.
[0004]
Reference numeral 15 denotes a control circuit board, which is placed on a certain area on the main surface of the insulating layer 13 where the main circuit wiring pattern 14 is not provided. The control circuit board 15 includes a circuit board main body 16 that is a plate-like insulator, and a control circuit wiring pattern 17 disposed on both main surfaces of the circuit board main body 16. The control circuit wiring pattern 17 includes a control circuit wiring pattern 17. Is mounted and soldered. The control circuit board 15 is fixed on the insulating layer 13.
[0005]
The semiconductor power module needs to effectively dissipate the heat loss generated in the main circuit to the outside of the apparatus. Therefore, in the conventional semiconductor power module shown in FIG. 7, the power semiconductor element 20 in which a large current flows. Loss heat generated in the main circuit wiring pattern 14 is transmitted to the metal plate 12 through the insulating layer 13 and further dissipated to an external heat dissipation mechanism (not shown) joined to the metal plate 12.
[0006]
The control semiconductor element 21 is a control IC that generates a control signal to be input to the power semiconductor element 20, and only a weak current flows. Therefore, the control circuit board 15 does not need special consideration for dissipating heat. For this reason, the control circuit board 15 is placed in a region on the main surface of the insulating layer 13 of the main circuit board 11, and noise generated during switching of the power semiconductor element 20 is controlled via the metal plate 12. Propagation to the semiconductor element 21 is prevented.
[0007]
However, the conventional semiconductor power module has a laminated structure in which the control circuit board 15 is stacked on the main circuit board 11, and a considerable level difference is generated between the main surfaces of the two boards. It is difficult to collectively mount the power semiconductor element 20 and the control semiconductor element 21 on each substrate after assembling the stacked structure, and in the process of manufacturing the semiconductor power module, The mounting of the power semiconductor element 20 and the mounting of the control semiconductor element 21 on the control circuit board 15 were performed in separate steps, and then the two boards were integrated into a laminated structure.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the semiconductor power module as the conventional semiconductor power module is configured as described above, that is, has a laminated structure in which the control circuit board 15 is stacked on the main circuit board 11, the main power supply of these two boards is the same. There is a considerable level difference between the surfaces, and it is difficult to perform power semiconductor element mounting and element mounting on each substrate at the same time. In the module manufacturing process, a lot of man-hours are required, and the cost increases accordingly.
[0009]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and can sufficiently dissipate the heat loss generated in the main circuit, has excellent noise resistance, and has a small number of manufacturing steps. An object is to obtain a semiconductor power module that can be manufactured at low cost.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A semiconductor power module according to a first invention includes a main circuit block and a control semiconductor element having a plurality of main circuit conductor regions in which a power semiconductor element is mounted on an insulating layer disposed on one main surface of a metal plate. In a semiconductor power module having a control circuit block having a plurality of control circuit conductor regions on which the main circuit block is mounted, the main circuit block and the control circuit block are separated by a linear separation band, and a strip-shaped conductor is formed on the separation band region is disposed, which strip-shaped conductor region is formed of a metal foil pattern or the lead frame is configured so as to ground Rutotomoni, the power semiconductor element and said control semiconductor element substantially to the linear separation zone The plurality of main circuit conductor regions and the plurality of control circuit conductor regions are arranged so as to be arranged in parallel, and the plurality of main circuit conductor regions In which ends the external lead terminals are formed for the main current output is derived in a direction away from the linear separation zone.
[0011]
A semiconductor power module according to a second invention is the semiconductor power module according to the first invention, wherein a plurality of main circuit conductor regions and a plurality of control circuit conductor regions are each formed by a lead frame, and external lead terminals are the main power terminals. The circuit conductor region and the control circuit conductor region are formed by a lead group integral with the circuit conductor region.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 is a plan view of a circuit board in a semiconductor power module, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the circuit board shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a three-phase inverter mounted on the semiconductor power module shown in FIG. is there. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in the conventional example are the same as or equivalent to those in the conventional example.
[0014]
1 and 3, IGBT1 to IGBT6 are insulated gate bipolar transistors (hereinafter referred to as power elements), and D1 to D6 are flywheel diodes (hereinafter referred to as “powerwheel IGBTs”) connected in reverse parallel to the power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6, respectively. IC1 to IC3 are on the high side, and IC4 is a control IC on the low side (hereinafter referred to as a control element), which are connected to the gates of the corresponding power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6, respectively.
[0015]
1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes an insulating metal substrate, which is composed of a metal plate 2, an insulating layer 3, and a copper foil pattern 4. The copper foil pattern 4 is a main board on which a power semiconductor element 20 is mounted. The circuit pattern portion 4 a and the control circuit pattern portion 4 b on which the control semiconductor element 21 is mounted are electrically connected by connection lines 22 to 24. Reference numeral 5 denotes a power lead, and reference numeral 6 denotes a control lead, one end of which is soldered to the main circuit pattern portion 4a and the control circuit pattern portion 4b. Reference numeral 7 denotes a case for housing the insulating metal substrate 1, the power semiconductor element 20, the control semiconductor element 21, and the like. The other ends of the power lead 5 and the control lead 6 penetrate the case 7 and are exposed to the outside. A terminal is formed.
[0016]
In the cross-sectional view of the circuit board shown in FIG. 2, the six power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6 and the diode elements D1 to D6 shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. These three high-side control elements IC1 to IC3 and one low-side control element IC4 are collectively shown as a control semiconductor element 21. Further, the main current input terminals P and N of the power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6 and the main current output terminals U, V and W are used as power leads 5, and the control signal input terminals UP, VP, WP, UN of the control elements IC1 to IC3 are used. VN, WN, grounding lead GND and the like are shown as control leads 6.
[0017]
The copper foil pattern 4 includes a plurality of main circuit conductors, each of which includes a power semiconductor element 20, that is, power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6 and the like, and a soldered conductor area and a conductor area as a power input / output portion thereof. A main circuit pattern portion 4a as a main circuit block having a region and a control semiconductor element 21, that is, control elements IC1 to IC4 are respectively mounted and soldered conductor regions and their control signal input portions and power supply input portions. And a control circuit pattern portion 4b serving as a control circuit block having a plurality of control circuit conductor regions composed of a plurality of conductor regions.
[0018]
The main circuit block and the control circuit block, that is, the main circuit pattern portion 4a and the control circuit pattern portion 4b are substantially parallel to one side of the insulating metal substrate 1, that is, above and below the central portion in the drawing of FIG. Are separated by left and right by a linear separation band S.
[0019]
Furthermore, the plurality of main circuit conductor regions are arranged such that power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6 as power semiconductor elements 20 and control elements IC1 to IC4 as control semiconductor elements 21 are arranged in series substantially parallel to the linear separation band, respectively. And a plurality of control circuit conductor regions are disposed, and one end of the plurality of main circuit conductor regions opposite to the linear separation band S is away from the linear separation band, that is, External lead terminals P, N, U, V, and W for main current input / output of power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6 are formed at the front end of the insulated metal substrate 1 that is led out to the peripheral side parallel to the linear separation band. ing.
[0020]
That is, one end of each of the main circuit pattern portion 4a and the control circuit pattern portion 4b is arranged in parallel on one side of the left and right sides of the insulating metal substrate 1 for connection to the outside. One end of each lead 6 is joined by soldering, and the other end protrudes from the edge of the insulating metal substrate 1 to the left and right in the drawing, passes through the case 7 and is exposed to the outside, and forms an external lead terminal. Yes. The case 7 containing the insulating metal substrate 1 is sealed with resin.
[0021]
With the above configuration, the control elements IC1 to IC4 receive signals from the outside and output drive signals to the corresponding power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6, and the power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6 receive the terminals P, N by the input of the drive signals. The DC input from is turned ON and OFF, and an AC output of an arbitrary frequency is supplied from a terminal U, V, W to a three-phase motor (not shown) as a load. That is, the control element IC1 and the control element IC4 output drive signals to the corresponding power elements IGBT1 and power element IGBT4 according to the input of the external control signal, and the power element IGBT1 is turned ON and the power element IGBT4 is set according to the input of these drive signals. By turning OFF, the main current input from the terminal P is output to a three-phase motor (not shown) via the terminal U.
[0022]
As is clear from FIG. 1, the current paths of the power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6 are divided into two on the left and right in the drawing by a linear separation band S so that the main circuit pattern portion 4a and the control circuit pattern portion 4b are not nested. However, since they are arranged apart from each other, they are separated from the control elements IC1 to IC4. Further, the plurality of main circuit conductor regions are arranged so that the power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6 are arranged in series substantially in parallel with the linear separation band S, and one end portions thereof are separated from the linear separation band S. Are formed to form external lead terminals P, N, U, V, and W for main current input / output of the power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6, and the high-side power elements IGBT1 to IGBT3 and the low-side power elements IGBT4 to IGBT6. The connecting line 22 is considered to be arranged as perpendicular to the linear separation band S as possible.
[0023]
Further, the plurality of control circuit conductor regions are arranged so that the control elements IC1 to IC4 are also arranged in series substantially in parallel with the linear separation band S, and the control target power elements IGBT1 corresponding to the control elements IC1 to IC4 are arranged. The separation distance from the IGBT 6 was made substantially equal and considered to be isolated as much as possible. Further, the connection line 23 connecting the power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6 and the control elements IC1 to IC4 transmits only an electric signal, and is wired so as not to cross the current path of the main circuit.
[0024]
As a result of the above, it was possible to reduce the influence of noise generated when the power elements IGBT1 to IGBT6 are turned on and off with respect to the control elements IC1 to IC4. That is, the power semiconductor element 20 repeats ON / OFF switching at a high speed in response to the input of a control signal from the control semiconductor element 21, and the power semiconductor element 20 and the main circuit pattern unit are subjected to a steep current change di / dt at this time. Although noise is generated around 4a, propagation of the noise to the control semiconductor element 21 through the metal plate 2 is prevented by the above series of treatments.
[0025]
As described above, in the first embodiment, the copper foil pattern 4 is constituted by the main circuit pattern portion 4a and the control circuit pattern portion 4b, and these are separated by the linear separation band S, and the wiring of the signal transmission line is performed. In order to simplify the structure without having a laminated structure while maintaining noise resistance as compared to the conventional one shown in FIG. Although the manufacturing man-hours can be reduced and the linear separation band exists, the conductor regions constituting the main circuit pattern portion 4a and the control circuit pattern portion 4b are brought close to each other as shown in FIG. By arranging, the space of the copper foil pattern 4, that is, the insulating metal substrate 1, can be saved, and a small and inexpensive semiconductor power module can be obtained.
[0026]
Embodiment 2. FIG.
A second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a circuit board in the semiconductor power module. In the figure, 1A is an insulating metal substrate, 8 is a lead frame bonded to the insulating layer 3, and the insulating metal substrate 1A is composed of the metal plate 2, the insulating layer 3 and the lead frame 8.
[0027]
The lead frame 8 has a main circuit lead portion 8a as a conductor region on which the power semiconductor element 20 is placed and soldered, and a control circuit as a conductor region on which the control semiconductor element 21 is placed and soldered. The main circuit lead portion 8a and the control circuit lead portion 8b are separated by a linear separation band S. The main circuit lead part 8a has a power lead 8c as a power input / output part protruding from the edge of the insulating metal substrate 1A, and the control circuit lead part 8b similarly has a control signal input part and a power input part. A control lead 8d is integrally formed.
[0028]
That is, the main circuit lead portion 8a is disposed on the left side of the metal insulating substrate 1A and the control circuit lead portion 8b is disposed on the right side of the metal insulating substrate 1A with the linear separation band S interposed therebetween, and the main circuit lead portion 8a and the control circuit. The lead portion 8b is formed with a power lead 8c and a control lead 8d that protrude left and right from the edge of the insulating metal substrate 1A, and are electrically connected by connecting wires 22-24. The power lead 8c and the control lead 8d pass through a case (not shown) containing the insulating metal substrate 1A and are exposed to the outside to form an external lead terminal.
[0029]
The difference from the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is that instead of the copper foil pattern 4, the power lead 5 and the control lead 6 in the first embodiment, these are integrally constituted by a lead frame 8. However, the other structure is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the main structure is the same as that of the first embodiment while ensuring noise resistance. The circuit lead portion 8a and the power lead 8c, and the control circuit lead portion 8b and the control lead 8d have an integrated structure, so that the number of manufacturing steps can be further reduced and the product can be manufactured at low cost.
[0030]
Embodiment 3 FIG.
A third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a plan view of a circuit board in the semiconductor power module, and FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the circuit board shown in FIG. 5 and 6, reference numeral 1B denotes an insulating metal substrate, which is composed of a metal plate 2, an insulating layer 3, and a copper foil pattern 4B. The copper foil pattern 4B is used as a GND area provided on the main circuit pattern portion 4a, the control circuit pattern portion 4b, and the linear separation band S between the main circuit pattern portion 4a and the control circuit pattern portion 4b. It is comprised from the pattern part 4c for GND. That is, the GND pattern portion 4c is disposed on the linear separation band, and is configured such that its terminal GND can be grounded. The main circuit pattern portion 4a and the control circuit pattern portion 4b are arranged apart from each other by at least a predetermined interval corresponding to the width of the GND pattern portion 4c.
[0031]
The difference from the semiconductor power module as the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is that the main circuit pattern portion 4a and the control circuit pattern portion 4b are separated on the linear separation band S where the left and right are separated in the drawing. The GND pattern portion 4c as the GND region is inserted and arranged, and the other configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. Therefore, in the third embodiment, in addition to the effects of the first embodiment, by inserting the GND pattern portion 4c and grounding it, the propagation of the noise to the control semiconductor element 21 is prevented. The effect is increased and an extremely excellent noise resistance can be obtained.
[0032]
In the third embodiment, the GND pattern portion 4c is formed of the copper foil pattern 4B together with the main circuit pattern portion 4a and the control circuit pattern portion 4b. This is the main pattern in the third embodiment shown in FIG. Even if the lead frame 8 is formed together with the circuit lead portion 8a and the control circuit lead portion 8b, the same effect of preventing noise propagation can be obtained.
[0033]
In the third embodiment, the GND pattern portion 4c is provided with the dedicated ground terminal GND. However, the dedicated ground terminal GND is not always necessary, and both ends of the linear GND pattern portion 4c are insulated. The same effect can be obtained by directly connecting to the metal plate 2 through a through hole (not shown) formed in the layer 3 and grounding through the metal plate 2.
[0034]
Although the bare chip is used as the control semiconductor element 21 in the first to third embodiments, the control semiconductor element 21 is not limited to the bare chip, and may be a packaged IC. Good.
[0035]
Further, in the first to third embodiments, the power leads 5 and 8c and the control leads 6 and 8d are protruded from the edges of the insulating metal substrates 1, 1A and 1B to the left and right in the drawing, respectively. The power leads 5 and 8c and the control leads 6 and 8d etc. are bent in a case (not shown) and are exposed to the outside from the opening surface of the case. Needless to say, the external lead terminals may be formed by exposure.
[0036]
According to the first invention, on the insulating layer disposed on one main surface of the metal plate, the main circuit block including the plurality of main circuit conductor regions on which the power semiconductor elements are mounted and the control semiconductor element are mounted. The control circuit block composed of a plurality of control circuit conductor regions is separated by a linear separation band, and the power semiconductor element and the control semiconductor element are arranged substantially parallel to the linear separation band. The plurality of main circuit conductor regions and the plurality of control circuit conductor regions are disposed in the main circuit conductor region, and one end of the plurality of main circuit conductor regions is led away from the linear separation band. Since the output external lead terminal is formed, the propagation of noise generated in the power semiconductor element to the control semiconductor element is prevented, and the power semiconductor element and the control semiconductor element are disposed on the same plane. Easy to mount and mount components. In addition, each conductor area is placed close to each other in each block where the linear separation band exists, so that a small and inexpensive semiconductor while maintaining noise resistance. Since there is an effect that a power module can be obtained, and in addition, a strip-shaped conductor region that is formed by a metal foil pattern or a lead frame and can be grounded is formed on the linear separation strip. There is an effect that it is possible to obtain a semiconductor power module with excellent noise resistance that can more reliably prevent malfunction of the control circuit due to noise generated in the circuit .
[0037]
According to the second invention, a plurality of main circuit conductor regions and a plurality of control circuit conductor regions in the semiconductor power module according to the first invention are formed in the lead frame, respectively, and the main current input / output terminals are formed in the lead group. Since the main circuit conductor region and the control circuit conductor region are integrated with the respective external lead terminals, the manufacturing process can be reduced and a semiconductor power module with excellent productivity can be obtained. effective.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a plan view of a circuit board in a semiconductor power module as Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
2 is a cross-sectional view of the circuit board shown in FIG.
3 is a circuit diagram of a three-phase inverter mounted on the semiconductor power module shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a circuit board in a semiconductor power module as Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of a circuit board in a semiconductor power module according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view of the circuit board shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a circuit board in a conventional semiconductor power module.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 1A, 1B Insulated metal substrate, 2 Metal plate, 3 Insulating layer, 4, 4B Copper foil pattern, 4a Main circuit pattern part, 4b Control circuit pattern part, 4c GND pattern part, 5 Control lead, 6 For power Lead, 7 case, 8 lead frame, 20 power semiconductor element, 21 control semiconductor element

Claims (2)

金属板の一主面上に配設された絶縁層上に、パワー半導体素子を載置した複数の主回路導体領域を有する主回路ブロックおよび制御半導体素子を載置した複数の制御回路導体領域を有する制御回路ブロックを備えた半導体パワーモジュールにおいて、前記主回路ブロックおよび前記制御回路ブロックは直線状の分離帯で分離されて該分離帯上に帯状の導体領域が配設され、該帯状の導体領域が金属箔パターン若しくはリードフレームにて形成され接地し得るように構成されると共に、前記パワー半導体素子および前記制御半導体素子が前記直線状の分離帯に略平行に配列されるように前記複数の主回路導体領域および前記複数の制御回路導体領域が配設され、かつ、前記複数の主回路導体領域の一端部が前記直線状の分離帯より離れる方向に導出されて主電流入出力用外部リード端子が形成されたことを特徴とする半導体パワーモジュール。A main circuit block having a plurality of main circuit conductor regions on which power semiconductor elements are mounted and a plurality of control circuit conductor regions on which control semiconductor elements are mounted on an insulating layer disposed on one main surface of a metal plate In the semiconductor power module including the control circuit block, the main circuit block and the control circuit block are separated by a linear separation band, and a strip-shaped conductor region is disposed on the separation band, and the strip-shaped conductor region There Rutotomoni is configured so as to ground is formed by a metal foil pattern or the lead frame, said plurality of main as the power semiconductor element and said control semiconductor element is arranged substantially parallel to the linear separation zone A circuit conductor region and the plurality of control circuit conductor regions are disposed, and one end portions of the plurality of main circuit conductor regions are separated from the linear separation band. Issued by the semiconductor power module, wherein the main current external lead terminals for input and output are formed. 請求項1に記載の半導体パワーモジュールにおいて、複数の主回路導体領域および複数の制御回路導体領域はそれぞれリードフレームにて形成され、外部リード端子が前記主回路導体領域および前記制御回路導体領域と一体のリード群にて形成されたことを特徴とする半導体パワーモジュール。  2. The semiconductor power module according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of main circuit conductor regions and the plurality of control circuit conductor regions are each formed by a lead frame, and an external lead terminal is integrated with the main circuit conductor region and the control circuit conductor region. A semiconductor power module formed of a plurality of lead groups.
JP30548498A 1998-10-27 1998-10-27 Semiconductor power module Expired - Lifetime JP3941266B2 (en)

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