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JP3943482B2 - Stainless steel foil for sheet heating element with excellent adhesive strength and method for producing the same - Google Patents
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JP3943482B2 - Stainless steel foil for sheet heating element with excellent adhesive strength and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Stainless steel foil for sheet heating element with excellent adhesive strength and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP3943482B2
JP3943482B2 JP2002318389A JP2002318389A JP3943482B2 JP 3943482 B2 JP3943482 B2 JP 3943482B2 JP 2002318389 A JP2002318389 A JP 2002318389A JP 2002318389 A JP2002318389 A JP 2002318389A JP 3943482 B2 JP3943482 B2 JP 3943482B2
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stainless steel
steel foil
oxide
heating element
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JP2004149885A (en
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俊之 小野
智洋 洗川
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Nippon Mining Holdings Inc
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Nippon Mining and Metals Co Ltd
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Priority to CN 200310113843 priority patent/CN1282395C/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔及びその製造方法に関するものである。特に、本発明は、接着強度に優れた面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔及びその製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
面状発熱体とは、各種金属箔に電気を流して発熱させる薄いシート状の発熱体である。面状発熱体は、面状ヒーター又はフィルムヒーターとも呼ばれ、非常に薄くて柔らかいため、曲面や狭いスペースへの加熱に最適であることから、鏡・ガラスの曇り止め、便座ヒーター、暖房床材、暖房カーペット、OA機器等において幅広く使用されている。
【0003】
面状発熱体は、金属箔に高い電気絶縁性を有するプラスチックフィルムを片側ラミネートし、金属箔側に発熱パターンを印刷した後に、金属箔をエッチングして発熱回路を形成することによって作製されるのが一般的である。金属箔としては、強度及び耐食性が優れていることから主にステンレスが使用される。また、プラスチックフィルムとしては、ポリエステルフィルム又はポリイミドフィルムが使用されるのが一般的である。ポリエステルフィルムはポリイミドフィルムに比べて、金属箔との接着強度は良好であるが、耐熱温度が低い(80℃程度)ことから、使用温度が低い用途に限られ、他方、ポリイミドフィルムはポリエステルフィルムに比べて、耐熱温度が高く(200℃以上)、使用温度が高い用途にまで広く用いることができる(例えば、非特許文献1参照。)が、金属箔との良好な接着強度が得られにくく、金属箔が剥離しやすいという特徴を有する。なお、箔とは一般に厚さが100μm以下の薄板を言う。
【0004】
【非特許文献1】
ホームページ、“面状発熱体”、[online]、平成14年2月10日、シンワ測定器株式会社、[平成14年10月11日検索]、インターネット、<URL:http://www.shinwasokutei.co.jp/menpatsu1/menpatsu.htm>、<URL:http://www.shinwasokutei.co.jp/menpatsu1/pet.htm>、<URL:http://www.shinwasokutei.co.jp/menpatsu1/singleheat.htm>
【0005】
ポリイミド面状発熱体の場合、金属箔にポリイミドフィルムをラミネートする方法には、金属箔とポリイミドフィルムとの間に接着剤を用いて両者を接着させる接着剤タイプと、接着剤を用いない無接着剤タイプとがある。無接着剤タイプは、接着剤層を省くため、薄くかつフレキシビリティに優れた発熱体の作製が可能である。無接着剤タイプとしては種々の製法による製品があるが、その中でもキャスティング法(いわゆる二層キャスティング法)による製品は、特性バランス、価格面でも優れている。
【0006】
二層キャスティング法によって、ポリイミド面状発熱体を製造する場合、ポリイミドの前駆体であるポリアミド酸のワニス等がステンレス鋼箔に対してキャスティングされ、その後高温処理によって、ポリイミド樹脂フィルムがステンレス鋼箔上に直接形成される。この方法は、ポリイミド樹脂フィルムを使わない製法のため、コストパフォーマンスに優れ、薄物、耐熱性製品を得る上で優れている(例えば、非特許文献2参照。)。
【0007】
【非特許文献2】
プリント回路技術便覧、第2版、1993年2月24日発行 p.474−484
【0008】
近年、発熱体が用いられる機器の小型化、軽量化がますます要求されるようになってきており、また、複雑な機器において面状発熱体が用いられるようになってきため、発熱体自体のフレキシビリティ化もますます求めれるようになってきている。かかる要求を満足するには、薄くかつフレキシビリティに優れた発熱体の作製が可能な二層キャスティング法によって発熱体を作製するのが望ましい。しかし、上述した通りに、ポリイミド発熱体では、ポリイミドフィルムとステンレス鋼箔との間の接着強度が劣るため、金属箔が剥離しやすいという問題があった。
【0009】
二層キャスティング法によってポリイミド発熱体を製造する場合に、発熱体とポリイミドフィルムとの間の高い接着強度を得るのに、発熱体に表面粗さの大きいステンレス鋼箔や表面に粗メッキを施す等して粗化処理を行って表面に凹凸を形成したステンレス鋼箔を用いると、発熱体接着面とポリイミドフィルム接着面との間で凹凸が相互に絡み合うため、ある程度の接着強度の向上が期待できかつかかる表面粗化処理は従来よく行われている手段である(例えば、非特許文献3参照。)。
【0010】
【非特許文献3】
米野,「金属表面と接着」、工業材料、1991年7月別冊、第39巻、第9号、p.102−103
【0011】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、このような手段を採用した場合に、ステンレス鋼箔をエッチングしてパターンを形成する際にエッチング直線性が低下してパターン幅が不均一になりやすい。このため、パターンをファインピッチ化するには、ステンレス鋼箔の表面粗さが小さい方が好ましい。また、発熱体を装着した機器の小型化、軽量化を図る上からも、また発熱体自体のフレキシビリティ化を図る上からも、ステンレス鋼箔の表面粗さを小さくして発熱体をできるだけ薄くしたいという要求が存在する。更に、ステンレス鋼箔表面に粗化処理を行って表面に凹凸を形成するのは、工程を付加することになり、経済的に好ましいと言えない。しかし、表面が平滑なものは表面を粗化していないものに比べて密着性が劣ることから、表面粗化を行わずに高い接着強度が得られるステンレス鋼箔が当分野において望まれている。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者等は、上述した課題を解決すべく鋭意研究した結果、ステンレス鋼箔とポリイミドフィルムとの接着強度が、ステンレス鋼箔の表面部分におけるある種の金属酸化物の存在によって影響され、特に鉄酸化物の存在が接着強度の劣化に大きく関係し、かかる鉄酸化物の組成及び膜厚みを低減することによって接着強度が改善されることを見出して本発明をなすに至った。
【0013】
すなわち、本発明は、一態様では、質量割合にて、Cr15.0%〜20.0%、Ni5.0%〜15.0%、残部Fe及び不可避的不純物からなるステンレス鋼箔であって、表面のFe酸化物の膜厚みが0.3nm以下でありかつその最大濃度が30原子%以下であることを特徴とする面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔を提供する。
【0014】
また、本発明は、別の態様では、上記の特徴を有する面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔の製造方法も提供するものであり、その方法は、質量割合にて、Cr15.0%〜20.0%、Ni5.0%〜15.0%、残部Fe及び不可避的不純物の各含有成分の組成比を満足させた合金成分を溶融、鋳造し、次いで熱間圧延し、焼鈍と冷間圧延とを繰り返して箔を製造するに際し、焼鈍を還元性雰囲気ガス下で行い、最終焼鈍を、表面のFe酸化物の膜厚みが0.3nm以下になりかつその最大濃度が30原子%以下になるように還元性雰囲気ガスの露点を制御することによって実施することを特徴とする。
【0015】
本明細書中、濃度については、測定する面におけるFe、Cr、Ni、C、N、Si、P等の元素(以上は、元素単独で又酸化物等の化合物として存在する元素)及びOの原子数の合計を100%として計算した。なお、本発明の面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔は、Mnを含有しているが、分析法上、他の元素とピークが重なるために分析できず、濃度の計算には、Mnを入れていない。Fe酸化物についての最大濃度とは、酸化物として存在するFeの最大濃度を言う。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
ステンレスはその表面が極薄膜の不働態化膜で保護され、不働態化膜が極めて耐食性に富むことから、腐食反応が抑制されることは良く知られている。本発明のステンレス鋼箔において言う「極表層」は、このいわゆる不働態化膜に含まれるものと考えられる。
【0017】
次に、本発明のステンレス鋼箔において、金属の組成等を限定した理由を下記に述べる。
Cr:Crはステンレスに必須の成分であり、15.0質量%未満ではステンレス鋼箔の耐食性が劣化する。また20.0質量%を超えて含有するとδ-フェライト相が生成し、熱間割れが生じやすくなる。よってその成分範囲を15.0質量%〜20.0質量%とする。
Ni: Niはオーステナイト安定元素であり、5.0質量%未満では溶体処理後のオーステナイトの安定化が十分でなく、また15.0質量%を超えて含有すると加工性が劣化し、原料コストが高くなる。よって、その成分範囲を5.0質量%〜15.0質量%とする。
Fe酸化物の膜:ステンレス鋼箔極表層におけるFe酸化物の膜厚みが厚い場合や、Fe酸化物の最大濃度が高い場合には、ステンレス鋼箔のポリイミドフィルムへの接着強度を低下させる。従って、ステンレス鋼箔がポリイミドフィルムに強く接着して剥がれにくくするには、ステンレス鋼箔極表層のFe酸化物の膜の厚さが0.3nm以下で、かつFe酸化物の最大濃度が30原子%以下であることが好ましい。
【0018】
本発明の一層の理解を助けるために、図を参照しながら、本発明を説明する。添付図1は、従来の代表的な面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔の極表層におけるFe酸化物及びCr酸化物の膜厚み及びそれらの濃度分布を示す。図に示す通りに、従来のステンレス鋼箔では、極表層におけるFe酸化物の最大濃度は50原子%を超えるのが典型的であり、かかる組成のステンレス鋼箔をポリイミドフィルムに接着させた場合に、良好な接着強度(90度ピール強度で表して0.7 kN/m以上)が得られず、ステンレス鋼箔はポリイミドフィルムから剥離しやすい。
【0019】
本発明は、図に示すようなFe酸化物の膜厚みを薄くしかつFe酸化物の最大濃度を抑えることによってステンレス鋼箔とポリイミドフィルムとの間の良好な接着強度が得られることを見出すことによってなされたものである。すなわち、本発明の面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔は、極表層のFe酸化物の膜厚みを0.3nm以下にしかつその最大濃度を30原子%以下にすることによって、ポリイミドフィルムとステンレス鋼箔との間の接着強度が増大してステンレス鋼箔がポリイミドフィルムから剥離しにくい。更に、ステンレス鋼箔の極表層のCr酸化物についても、その膜厚みを0.5nm以下にしかつその最大濃度を20原子%以下にする場合に、更に接着強度の増大が認められる。Cr酸化物についての最大濃度とは、酸化物として存在するCrの最大濃度を言う。
本発明の面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔は、ポリイミドフィルムに対する接着強度が好ましくは90度ピール強度で表して0.7 kN/m以上であり、従来のステンレス鋼箔によっては、かかる高い90度ピール強度は得られなかった。
【0020】
このような本発明の面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔は、例えば下記のようにして製造することができる。まず、上述した各含有成分の組成比を満足させた合金成分を溶融、鋳造し、次いで熱間鍛造又は圧延を施した後に、焼鈍と冷間圧延とを繰り返して所定の厚さに仕上げる。この際に、焼鈍を還元性雰囲気ガス下で行い、最終焼鈍時のガスの露点を制御するもので、ガスの露点の制御は、ガスの流量を調整することによって行うことができる。還元性雰囲気ガスとしては、水素、一酸化炭素、アンモニア分解ガス等を挙げることができる。最終焼鈍時の還元性雰囲気ガスの露点を低下させる程、極表層のFeやCrの酸化物の膜厚み及び最大濃度が低下し、その結果、ステンレス鋼箔とポリイミドフィルムとの接着強度が増大する。良好な接着強度を得るには、還元性雰囲気ガスの露点が-35℃以下になるように制御する。
【0021】
本発明の面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔は、また、ステンレス鋼箔の表面を酸洗して、図に示す通りの極表層におけるFe酸化物の最大濃度が30原子%を超える部分を削除しかつFe酸化物の膜厚みを0.3nm以下にする方法によって得ることもできる。しかし、この方法は、箔の厚みが不均一になりやすく、六価クロムを含む排酸処理の問題もあり、好ましいとは言えない。
【0022】
【実施例】
JIS規格SUS 304のステンレス鋼を熱間圧延し、焼鈍と冷間圧延とを繰り返して厚さ50μmの箔を製造した。焼鈍をアンモニア分解ガスの還元性雰囲気下で行い、最終焼鈍を表1に示す通りにアンモニア分解ガスの露点を変化させることで表面の酸化膜の状態を調整した。アンモニア分解ガスの露点は、脱水分、脱酸素剤を充填させたカラムを通過させることとガスの流量を変えることによって調整した。
ステンレス鋼箔の極表層中の金属酸化物についての膜厚み及び濃度%は、XPS(X線光電子分光法)を使用して、SiO2換算で1nm/分のスパッタリングを行いながら深さ方向の分析を行って得た。Fe酸化物及びCr酸化物について得られた膜厚み及び最大濃度%の結果を表1に掲記する。
【0023】
このようにして得られたそれぞれのステンレス鋼箔のポリイミドフィルムに対する「接着強度」を以下のようにして評価した。
接着強度:接着強度は90度ピール試験をJIS に記載される方法に従って実施した。ステンレス鋼箔上に熱可塑性ポリイミドを乾燥後で約20μm厚みになるようにアプリケータを使用して塗付した。塗付したポリイミドフィルムを300℃で硬化させた後に、幅5mmの試験片に切断し、ステンレス鋼箔を90°方向に曲げてポリイミドフィルムから引き剥がして接着強度を測定した。得られた結果を表1に発明に従う実施例と比較例とについて併せて掲記する。
【0024】
【表1】

Figure 0003943482
【0025】
表1中、試験片のNo. 1〜No. 6は本発明のステンレス鋼箔の実施例であり、No. 7〜No. 11は比較例である。表1から、面状ステンレス鋼箔にポリイミドフィルムを塗付した時に、面状ステンレス鋼箔製造時の最終焼鈍において用いたアンモニア分解ガスの露点が低い程、90度ピール接着強度値が大きくなるのが分かる。また、最終焼鈍時のアンモニア分解ガスの露点が低い程、ステンレス鋼箔の極表層のFe酸化物の膜厚みが薄くなりかつ最大濃度%も低下する傾向にある。実施例と比較例とを比べると、試験片のNo. 7から分かる通りに、Fe酸化物の膜厚みが0.30nmを超えると、Fe酸化物の最大濃度が30原子%以下であっても、90度ピール接着強度値は0.7 kN/mよりも小さくなる。一方、試験片のNo. 8から分かる通りに、Fe酸化物の膜厚みが0.30nm以下であっても、Fe酸化物の最大濃度が30原子%を超えると、90度ピール接着強度値は0.7 kN/mよりも小さくなる。これから、Fe酸化物の膜厚みと最大濃度との両方が規定値を満足しない場合には、求めるステンレス鋼箔が得られないことが分かる。
【0026】
また、極表層のCr酸化物については、表1の試験片No. 6から分かる通りに、Cr酸化物の最大濃度が20原子%を超えても、90度ピール接着強度値が0.7 kN/mよりも小さくならないが、Fe酸化物の膜厚みが試験片No. 6よりも厚くかつFe酸化物の最大濃度値がほぼ同じであるNo. 2に比べた場合に、90度ピール接着強度値が低下するのが分かる。これより、Cr酸化物についても膜厚みが薄くかつ最大濃度が小さい方が望ましい。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔表面のFe酸化物の膜厚み及びその最大濃度を適切に調整することによりステンレス鋼箔とポリイミドフィルムとの接着強度が向上するため、接着剤を使用することなく、薄くかつフレキシビリティに優れた面状発熱体の製造が可能になる。ステンレス鋼箔表面のCr酸化物の膜厚み及びその最大濃度を調整すると、更に接着強度が向上するので、好ましい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】従来の代表的な面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔の極表層におけるFe酸化物及びCr酸化物の膜厚み及びそれらの濃度分布を示す。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a stainless steel foil for a planar heating element and a method for producing the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a stainless steel foil for a planar heating element excellent in adhesive strength and a method for producing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The planar heating element is a thin sheet heating element that generates heat by flowing electricity through various metal foils. Planar heating elements, also called planar heaters or film heaters, are extremely thin and soft, and are ideal for heating to curved surfaces and narrow spaces. Widely used in heating carpets, OA equipment, etc.
[0003]
The planar heating element is produced by laminating a plastic film having high electrical insulation on a metal foil on one side, printing a heating pattern on the metal foil side, and then etching the metal foil to form a heating circuit. Is common. As the metal foil, stainless steel is mainly used because of its excellent strength and corrosion resistance. As the plastic film, a polyester film or a polyimide film is generally used. Polyester film has better adhesive strength with metal foil than polyimide film, but its heat-resistant temperature is low (about 80 ° C), so it is limited to applications where the use temperature is low. In comparison, the heat-resistant temperature is high (200 ° C. or higher), and it can be widely used for applications where the use temperature is high (for example, see Non-Patent Document 1), but it is difficult to obtain good adhesive strength with the metal foil, It has the characteristic that metal foil is easy to peel. The foil generally refers to a thin plate having a thickness of 100 μm or less.
[0004]
[Non-Patent Document 1]
Website, “Surface heating element”, [online], February 10, 2002, Shinwa Measuring Instruments Co., Ltd., [October 11, 2002 search], Internet, <URL: http: //www.shinwasokutei .co.jp / menpatsu1 / menpatsu.htm>, <URL: http://www.shinwasokutei.co.jp/menpatsu1/pet.htm>, <URL: http://www.shinwasokutei.co.jp/menpatsu1 /singleheat.htm>
[0005]
In the case of a polyimide sheet heating element, a method of laminating a polyimide film on a metal foil includes an adhesive type in which an adhesive is used between the metal foil and the polyimide film, and no adhesive is used. There are agent types. In the non-adhesive type, since the adhesive layer is omitted, it is possible to produce a heating element that is thin and excellent in flexibility. There are various types of products as non-adhesive types. Among them, products by the casting method (so-called two-layer casting method) are excellent in property balance and price.
[0006]
When a polyimide sheet heating element is manufactured by the two-layer casting method, the polyimide precursor varnish, which is a polyimide precursor, is cast on the stainless steel foil, and then the polyimide resin film is placed on the stainless steel foil by high-temperature treatment. Formed directly on. Since this method is a manufacturing method that does not use a polyimide resin film, it is excellent in cost performance and excellent in obtaining a thin product and a heat-resistant product (for example, see Non-Patent Document 2).
[0007]
[Non-Patent Document 2]
Printed Circuit Technology Handbook, 2nd Edition, issued February 24, 1993 p. 474-484
[0008]
In recent years, there has been an increasing demand for smaller and lighter devices that use heating elements, and the use of planar heating elements in complex devices has increased. flexibility of have come to be more and more demand, et al also. In order to satisfy such a requirement, it is desirable to produce a heating element by a two-layer casting method that can produce a heating element that is thin and excellent in flexibility. However, as described above, the polyimide heating element has a problem that the metal foil is easily peeled off because the adhesive strength between the polyimide film and the stainless steel foil is inferior.
[0009]
When manufacturing a polyimide heating element by the two-layer casting method, to obtain high adhesive strength between the heating element and the polyimide film, the heating element is coated with a stainless steel foil having a large surface roughness or rough plating on the surface. If stainless steel foil with irregularities formed on the surface by roughening treatment is used, the irregularities are intertwined between the heating element adhesion surface and the polyimide film adhesion surface, so a certain degree of improvement in adhesion strength can be expected. And this surface roughening process is a means often performed conventionally (for example, refer nonpatent literature 3).
[0010]
[Non-Patent Document 3]
Komeno, “Metal surface and adhesion”, Industrial Materials, July 1991, Vol. 39, No. 9, p. 102-103
[0011]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when such a means is adopted, when the pattern is formed by etching the stainless steel foil, the etching linearity is lowered and the pattern width tends to be nonuniform. For this reason, in order to make a pattern into a fine pitch, it is preferable that the surface roughness of the stainless steel foil is small. In addition, to reduce the size and weight of equipment equipped with a heating element, and also to increase the flexibility of the heating element itself, the surface roughness of the stainless steel foil is reduced to make the heating element as thin as possible. There is a demand to do. Furthermore, roughening the surface of the stainless steel foil to form irregularities on the surface adds a step and is not economically preferable. However, since those having a smooth surface are inferior in adhesion to those having no surface roughened, a stainless steel foil capable of obtaining high adhesive strength without surface roughening is desired in the art.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of earnest research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors are affected by the presence of a certain metal oxide in the surface portion of the stainless steel foil, particularly the adhesive strength between the stainless steel foil and the polyimide film. The existence of iron oxide is greatly related to the deterioration of adhesive strength, and the present inventors have found that the adhesive strength is improved by reducing the composition and film thickness of the iron oxide.
[0013]
That is, the present invention, in one aspect, is a stainless steel foil composed of Cr 15.0% to 20.0%, Ni 5.0% to 15.0%, the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities in terms of mass ratio, Provided is a stainless steel foil for a planar heating element, wherein the thickness of the surface Fe oxide film is 0.3 nm or less and the maximum concentration is 30 atomic% or less.
[0014]
Moreover, this invention also provides the manufacturing method of the stainless steel foil for planar heating elements which has said characteristic in another aspect, The method is Cr15.0%-20. The alloy components satisfying the composition ratios of the components of 0%, Ni 5.0% to 15.0%, balance Fe and inevitable impurities are melted, cast, then hot rolled, and annealed and cold rolled. When the foil is manufactured by repeating the steps, the annealing is performed in a reducing atmosphere gas, and the final annealing is performed so that the film thickness of the surface Fe oxide is 0.3 nm or less and the maximum concentration is 30 atomic% or less. It is characterized by carrying out by controlling the dew point of reducing atmosphere gas.
[0015]
In this specification, regarding the concentration, elements such as Fe, Cr, Ni, C, N, Si, and P in the surface to be measured (the above is an element alone or an element existing as a compound such as an oxide) and O The calculation was made assuming that the total number of atoms was 100%. Although the stainless steel foil for a planar heating element of the present invention contains Mn, it cannot be analyzed because the peak overlaps with other elements in the analysis method, and Mn is included in the concentration calculation. Absent. The maximum concentration of Fe oxide refers to the maximum concentration of Fe existing as an oxide.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
It is well known that the surface of stainless steel is protected by a very thin passivated film, and the passivated film has extremely high corrosion resistance, so that the corrosion reaction is suppressed. The “polar surface layer” referred to in the stainless steel foil of the present invention is considered to be contained in this so-called passivation film.
[0017]
Next, the reason for limiting the metal composition and the like in the stainless steel foil of the present invention will be described below.
Cr: Cr is an essential component for stainless steel, and if it is less than 15.0% by mass, the corrosion resistance of the stainless steel foil deteriorates. On the other hand, if it exceeds 20.0% by mass, a δ-ferrite phase is formed and hot cracking is likely to occur. Therefore, the component range shall be 15.0 mass%-20.0 mass%.
Ni: Ni is an austenite stable element. If it is less than 5.0% by mass, the austenite after solution treatment is not sufficiently stabilized, and if it exceeds 15.0% by mass, the workability deteriorates and the raw material cost increases. Therefore, the component range shall be 5.0 mass%-15.0 mass%.
Fe oxide film: When the thickness of the Fe oxide film on the surface layer of the stainless steel foil is thick or when the maximum concentration of Fe oxide is high, the adhesive strength of the stainless steel foil to the polyimide film is lowered. Therefore, in order for the stainless steel foil to adhere strongly to the polyimide film and be difficult to peel off, the thickness of the Fe oxide film on the surface layer of the stainless steel foil is 0.3 nm or less and the maximum concentration of Fe oxide is 30 atomic%. The following is preferable.
[0018]
In order to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the film thicknesses of Fe oxide and Cr oxide and their concentration distribution in the extreme surface layer of a conventional typical stainless steel foil for planar heating elements. As shown in the figure, in the conventional stainless steel foil, the maximum concentration of Fe oxide in the extreme surface layer is typically over 50 atomic%, and when the stainless steel foil having such a composition is adhered to a polyimide film, Good adhesive strength (0.7 kN / m or more in terms of 90 degree peel strength) cannot be obtained, and the stainless steel foil is easily peeled off from the polyimide film.
[0019]
The present invention finds that good adhesion strength between a stainless steel foil and a polyimide film can be obtained by reducing the film thickness of Fe oxide as shown in the figure and suppressing the maximum concentration of Fe oxide. It was made by. That is, the surface heating element stainless steel foil of the present invention, the film thickness of the Fe oxide of the extreme surface layer is 0.3 nm or less and the maximum concentration is 30 atomic% or less, polyimide film and stainless steel foil And the stainless steel foil is difficult to peel off from the polyimide film. Further, regarding the Cr oxide of the extreme surface layer of the stainless steel foil, when the film thickness is 0.5 nm or less and the maximum concentration is 20 atomic% or less, an increase in adhesive strength is further recognized. The maximum concentration of Cr oxide means the maximum concentration of Cr existing as an oxide.
The stainless steel foil for the planar heating element of the present invention preferably has an adhesive strength to the polyimide film of 0.7 kN / m or more in terms of 90-degree peel strength, and depending on the conventional stainless steel foil, such a high 90-degree peel strength Was not obtained.
[0020]
Such a stainless steel foil for a planar heating element of the present invention can be manufactured, for example, as follows. First, an alloy component that satisfies the composition ratio of each of the above-described components is melted and cast, and then hot forging or rolling is performed, and then annealing and cold rolling are repeated to finish to a predetermined thickness. At this time, annealing is performed in a reducing atmosphere gas to control the dew point of the gas at the time of final annealing, and the control of the dew point of the gas can be performed by adjusting the flow rate of the gas. Examples of the reducing atmosphere gas include hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and ammonia decomposition gas. The lower the dew point of the reducing atmosphere gas during the final annealing, the lower the thickness and maximum concentration of the Fe and Cr oxides on the extreme surface layer, and as a result, the bond strength between the stainless steel foil and the polyimide film increases. . In order to obtain good adhesive strength, the dew point of the reducing atmosphere gas is controlled to be −35 ° C. or lower.
[0021]
The stainless steel foil for the planar heating element of the present invention also pickles the surface of the stainless steel foil and deletes the portion where the maximum concentration of Fe oxide in the extreme surface layer exceeds 30 atomic% as shown in the figure. And it can also obtain by the method of making the film thickness of Fe oxide into 0.3 nm or less. However, this method is not preferable because the thickness of the foil tends to be uneven and there is a problem of waste acid treatment containing hexavalent chromium.
[0022]
【Example】
A JIS standard SUS 304 stainless steel was hot-rolled, and annealing and cold rolling were repeated to produce a foil having a thickness of 50 μm. Annealing was performed in a reducing atmosphere of ammonia decomposition gas, and final annealing was performed by changing the dew point of ammonia decomposition gas as shown in Table 1 to adjust the state of the oxide film on the surface. The dew point of the ammonia decomposition gas was adjusted by passing it through a column filled with dehydration and oxygen scavenger and changing the gas flow rate.
The thickness and concentration% of the metal oxide in the extreme surface layer of stainless steel foil are analyzed in the depth direction using XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy) while sputtering at 1 nm / min in terms of SiO 2. Obtained. The results of film thickness and maximum concentration% obtained for Fe oxide and Cr oxide are listed in Table 1.
[0023]
The “adhesive strength” of each stainless steel foil thus obtained to the polyimide film was evaluated as follows.
Adhesive strength: Adhesive strength was 90 ° peel test according to the method described in JIS. The thermoplastic polyimide was applied onto the stainless steel foil using an applicator so that the thickness was about 20 μm after drying. After the coated polyimide film was cured at 300 ° C., it was cut into a test piece having a width of 5 mm, the stainless steel foil was bent in a 90 ° direction and peeled off from the polyimide film, and the adhesive strength was measured. The obtained results are listed in Table 1 together with examples according to the invention and comparative examples.
[0024]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003943482
[0025]
In Table 1, No. 1 to No. 6 of the test pieces are examples of the stainless steel foil of the present invention, and No. 7 to No. 11 are comparative examples. From Table 1, when a polyimide film is applied to a planar stainless steel foil, the lower the dew point of the ammonia decomposition gas used in the final annealing during the production of the planar stainless steel foil, the greater the 90 degree peel adhesive strength value. I understand. Further, the lower the dew point of the ammonia decomposition gas during the final annealing, the thinner the Fe oxide film thickness of the stainless steel foil, and the maximum concentration% tends to decrease. When comparing the example and the comparative example, as can be seen from the test piece No. 7, when the film thickness of the Fe oxide exceeds 0.30 nm, even if the maximum concentration of the Fe oxide is 30 atomic% or less, The 90 degree peel bond strength value is less than 0.7 kN / m. On the other hand, as can be seen from No. 8 of the test piece, even when the film thickness of the Fe oxide is 0.30 nm or less, when the maximum concentration of the Fe oxide exceeds 30 atomic%, the 90-degree peel adhesive strength value is 0.7. smaller than kN / m. From this, it can be seen that when both the film thickness and the maximum concentration of the Fe oxide do not satisfy the specified values, the desired stainless steel foil cannot be obtained.
[0026]
As for the Cr oxide of the extreme surface layer, as can be seen from the test piece No. 6 in Table 1, even when the maximum concentration of Cr oxide exceeds 20 atomic%, the 90 degree peel adhesive strength value is 0.7 kN / m. Although the thickness of the Fe oxide film is larger than that of the test piece No. 6 and the maximum concentration value of the Fe oxide is almost the same, the 90 degree peel adhesive strength value is not smaller. You can see that it drops. Therefore, it is desirable that the Cr oxide also has a thin film thickness and a small maximum concentration.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
Because the adhesive strength between the stainless steel foil and the polyimide film is improved by appropriately adjusting the film thickness and the maximum concentration of the Fe oxide film on the surface of the stainless steel foil for the planar heating element, without using an adhesive, A thin and highly flexible sheet heating element can be manufactured. It is preferable to adjust the Cr oxide film thickness on the surface of the stainless steel foil and its maximum concentration because the adhesive strength is further improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows film thicknesses and concentration distributions of Fe oxide and Cr oxide in the extreme surface layer of a conventional typical stainless steel foil for planar heating elements.

Claims (4)

質量割合にて、Cr15.0%〜20.0%、Ni5.0%〜15.0%、残部Fe及び不可避的不純物からなるステンレス鋼箔であって、表面のFe酸化物の膜厚みが0.3nm以下でありかつその最大濃度が30原子%以下であることを特徴とする面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔。It is a stainless steel foil composed of Cr 15.0% to 20.0%, Ni 5.0% to 15.0%, the balance Fe and unavoidable impurities in mass ratio, and the film thickness of Fe oxide on the surface is 0 A stainless steel foil for a planar heating element, characterized in that it is 3 nm or less and its maximum concentration is 30 atomic% or less. 表面のCr酸化物の膜厚みが0.5nm以下でありかつその最大濃度が20原子%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1の面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔。 The stainless steel foil for a planar heating element according to claim 1, wherein the Cr oxide film thickness on the surface is 0.5 nm or less and the maximum concentration is 20 atomic% or less. 質量割合にて、Cr15.0%〜20.0%、Ni5.0%〜15.0%、残部Fe及び不可避的不純物の各含有成分の組成比を満足させた合金成分を溶融、鋳造し、次いで熱間圧延し、焼鈍と冷間圧延とを繰り返して箔を製造するに際し、焼鈍を還元性雰囲気ガス下で行い、最終焼鈍を、表面のFe酸化物の膜厚みが0.3nm以下になりかつその最大濃度が30原子%以下になるように還元性雰囲気ガスの露点を−35℃以下に制御することによって請求項1又は2に記載の面状発熱体用ステンレス鋼箔を製造する方法。Melting and casting alloy components satisfying the composition ratio of each component of Cr 15.0% to 20.0%, Ni 5.0% to 15.0%, balance Fe and inevitable impurities at a mass ratio, Next, when hot rolling and manufacturing foil by repeating annealing and cold rolling, annealing is performed in a reducing atmosphere gas, and final annealing is performed, and the film thickness of Fe oxide on the surface becomes 0.3 nm or less. And the method of manufacturing the stainless steel foil for planar heating elements of Claim 1 or 2 by controlling the dew point of reducing atmosphere gas to -35 degrees C or less so that the maximum density | concentration may be 30 atomic% or less. 還元性雰囲気ガスがアンモニア分解ガスである請求項3の方法。  The method of claim 3, wherein the reducing atmosphere gas is an ammonia decomposition gas.
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