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JP3944604B2 - Method for producing baked confectionery - Google Patents
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JP3944604B2 - Method for producing baked confectionery - Google Patents

Method for producing baked confectionery Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3944604B2
JP3944604B2 JP2002221757A JP2002221757A JP3944604B2 JP 3944604 B2 JP3944604 B2 JP 3944604B2 JP 2002221757 A JP2002221757 A JP 2002221757A JP 2002221757 A JP2002221757 A JP 2002221757A JP 3944604 B2 JP3944604 B2 JP 3944604B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
starch
baked
confectionery
dough
baked confectionery
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JP2002221757A
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JP2004057110A (en
Inventor
幸一 中村
洋一 吉井
晴美 石動
隆史 鍋谷
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Niigata Prefecture
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Niigata Prefecture
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  • Confectionery (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、焼菓子の製造方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
現在、日本における腎臓病患者のうち透析を受けている患者は26万人に及んでいる。また、透析を必要とするまでには至らないが、腎臓に疾患を有する有疾患者は透析患者の10倍以上と推測されている。また、糖尿病その他の疾病からの移行疾患者が今後も増加すると予想されている。
【0003】
このように、腎臓病患者及びその予備群は増加傾向にある。
【0004】
ところで、これら腎臓病患者及びその予備群は、食事に際し、蛋白質、及び、カリウム,ナトリウム,リン等の塩類の採取量の管理が必要とされている。これは、蛋白質及びカリウム,ナトリウム,リン等の塩類が腎臓へ負担をかけ、症状を悪化させてしまう為である。
【0005】
従って、腎臓病患者及びその予備群は、動物性食品をはじめとする高蛋白食品,果実等のカリウムを多く含む食品,調味料(食塩や醤油等)をはじめとするナトリウムを多く含む食品等は摂取することができず、よって食事に際しては、食物の種類や摂取量の制限を余儀なくされている。
【0006】
そこで、このような腎臓病患者及びその予備群が、腎臓に負担をかけることなく、健常者の食事と同じような美味しい食事をすることができるように、腎臓病患者向けの食品の研究開発が急速に進められており、本願出願人は、低蛋白質米飯(特許第3174747号)をはじめ、低蛋白質パン,低蛋白質麺等をこれまで市場に提供し、好評を得ている。
【0007】
ところが、市販されている腎臓病患者及びその予備群向けの低蛋白質低塩類の食物は、前述したような、米飯類,パン,麺類等の主食分野に限られており、嗜好品分野であり間食としての需要が高い菓子の分野においては、研究事例はほとんど見られない。これは、腎臓病患者及びその予備群向けの食物の研究が、嗜好品の分野まで、まだそれほど進められていないことと、菓子類のほとんどは蛋白質や塩類,糖類等を多く含んでおり、これを低減しようとすれば、菓子本来の風味を著しく損なう食物となってしまう等、その実現が技術的に困難とされることによる。
【0008】
その為、腎臓病患者は、例えば、甘いものを食べたいと思った時には、やむをえず砂糖水を飲まざるを得ない等、健常者の食生活に比し、満足のいく間食を得るには程遠い食生活の現状におかれている。
【0009】
本発明は、上記現状に鑑みて発明したもので、腎臓への負担が少なく、その上、食感に秀れた焼菓子を製造できる画期的な焼菓子の製造方法を提供するものである。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
添付図面を参照して本発明の要旨を説明する。
【0011】
穀類若しくはイモ類の澱粉を含有した粉に、つなぎ材、膨張剤,油脂,乳化剤及び糖類を加えて生地を形成し、この生地を加熱して低蛋白質且つ低塩類の焼菓子を製造する方法であって、前記粉として、穀類である米,小麦若しくはとうもろこしまたはイモ類であるじゃがいも若しくはタピオカの澱粉から精製して得た未加熱澱粉であり蛋白質含有量及び灰分含有量が夫々0.5%(重量)以下の米澱粉,小麦澱粉,コーンスターチ,じゃがいも澱粉若しくはタピオカ澱粉を採用し、前記つなぎ材として、前記米澱粉,小麦澱粉,コーンスターチ,じゃがいも澱粉若しくはタピオカ澱粉を加熱して得たα化澱粉を採用し、前記膨張剤として、加熱により分解して全てガス化する炭酸水素アンモニウム若しくは炭酸アンモニウムを採用し、前記乳化剤として前記油脂が生地の外にしみ出す現象を防止する蛋白質や塩類を含まない界面活性剤を採用することを特徴とする焼菓子の製造方法に係るものである。
【0012】
また、請求項1記の焼菓子の製造方法において、前記乳化剤として、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル,ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル,ショ糖脂肪酸エステル,プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル,ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル若しくはレシチンを、単独製剤若しくは複合製剤としたものを採用することを特徴とする焼菓子の製造方法に係るものである。
【0013】
また、請求項1,2いずれか1項に記載の焼菓子の製造方法において、前記0.5%(重量)は乾物換算で夫々0.2%(重量)であることを特徴とする焼菓子の製造方法に係るものである。
【0014】
また、請求項1〜3いずれか1項に記載の焼菓子の製造方法において、前記油脂として固形油脂であるショートニング,バター若しくはマーガリンまたは液状油の油脂である大豆油若しくはサラダオイルを採用することを特徴とする焼菓子の製造方法に係るものである。
【0015】
【発明の作用及び効果】
本発明の製造方法に係る菓子は、穀類(例えば、米,小麦,とうもろこし等)若しくはイモ類(例えば、じゃがいも,タピオカ(キャッサバ))の澱粉から精製して得た未加熱澱粉であり蛋白質含有量及び灰分含有量(塩類含有量)が夫々0.5%(重量)以下の 澱粉,小麦澱粉,コーンスターチ,じゃがいも澱粉若しくはタピオカ澱粉を採用し、これらの前記精製粉を主原料として前記焼菓子を製造するから、蛋白質含有量及び灰分含有量(塩類含有量)が少ない焼菓子を製造できることになる。
【0016】
ところで、一般的な菓子は、該菓子をやわらかくする為に、生地の中に膨張剤を入れる。これにより、生地を加熱した際に、前記膨張剤の膨張作用により、生地内に空隙が多数形成され、加熱後に空隙の多い菓子となり、それだけやわらかい菓子を製造できることになる。
【0017】
しかし、従来はこの膨張剤として、成分中に炭酸水素ナトリウムや焼ミョウバン,リン酸塩等を含むベーキングパウダーやイスパタを使用していた為、菓子生地を焼成した際に該炭酸水素ナトリウム等が加熱分解されて生地中にナトリウム等の多量の塩類が残存し、これにより、菓子が高塩類化する原因となっていた。
【0018】
この点、本発明は、加熱することで成分が全て分解されて気化する炭酸アンモニウムや炭酸水素アンモニウムを膨張剤として入れたから、菓子を焼成した後に該焼菓子が高塩類化することはない。
【0019】
本発明は、このように、加熱することで成分が分解されて全て気化する膨張剤を入れたから、従来の膨張剤(例えば炭酸水素ナトリウム等)のように塩類(ナトリウム,カリウム,リン等)が該生地中に残存することがなく、これにより、膨張剤が原因の塩類濃度の上昇は発生せず、よって、灰分含有量(塩類含有量)が少ない焼菓子を製造できることになる。
【0020】
また、低蛋白質で低塩類の素材である前記精製粉を加熱して得たα化澱粉をつなぎ材として採用したから、より一層低蛋白質で低塩類の焼菓子を製造できることになる。
【0021】
また、乳化剤として、油脂を生地中に分散させる蛋白質や塩類を含まない界面活性剤を添加したから、ソフトでさっくりした風味,食感に秀れた菓子を製造できることになる。
【0022】
以上から、本発明によれば、蛋白質含有量が少なく、灰分含有量(塩類含有量)も少なく、それでいて風味・食感に秀れた焼菓子を製造することができる。
【0023】
【発明の実施の形態】
図面は本発明の実施例を図示したものであり、以下に説明する。
【0024】
本実施例は、澱粉を含有した粉に、つなぎ材、膨張剤及び添加剤を加えて生地を形成し、この生地を加熱処理して腎臓病患者用の焼菓子を製造する方法である。
【0025】
澱粉を含有した粉は、米,小麦,とうもろこし等の穀類の澱粉から精製した生澱粉(未加熱の澱粉)、若しくは、じゃがいも,タピオカ(キャッサバ)等のイモ類の澱粉から精製した生澱粉(未加熱の澱粉)である米澱粉,小麦澱粉,コーンスターチ,じゃがいも澱粉若しくはタピオカ澱粉のうち、蛋白質含量が乾物当たり0.5%(重量)以下、好ましくは0.2%(重量)以下で、且つ、カリウム,ナトリウム,リン等の塩類含量の可及的に少ないものを選択して使用する。
【0026】
また、澱粉を含有した粉には、菓子生地のつなぎ材用として、前記生澱粉を予め加熱して得られるα化澱粉も混合している。
【0027】
具体的には、このα化澱粉は、前記穀類である米,小麦若しくはとうもろこしまたはイ モ類であるじゃがいも若しくはタピオカの澱粉から精製して得た未加熱澱粉であり蛋白質含有量及び灰分含有量が夫々0.5%(重量)以下の米澱粉,小麦澱粉,コーンスターチ,じゃがいも澱粉若しくはタピオカ澱粉を予め加熱して糊化させた後、必要に応じて乾燥させ、粉末化したものを採用している。
【0028】
膨張剤は、前記加熱処理の際に全ての成分が加熱分解して気化し、生地中にカリウム,ナトリウム,リン等の塩類成分が残存しない化合物、具体的には、炭酸アンモニウム若しくは炭酸水素アンモニウムを採用する。
【0029】
この炭酸アンモニウムや炭酸水素アンモニウムは、加熱すると分解されて全てが炭酸ガスやアンモニウムガス等の気体となり、生地中に塩類として残存しない
【0030】
具体的には、油脂は、ショートニング,バター,マーガリン等の固形油脂、若しくは、大豆油,サラダオイル等の液状油を採用する(併用しても良い)。尚、油脂も低蛋白質且つ低塩類の油脂を採用すると良い。
【0031】
また、乳化剤は、蛋白質や塩類を含まない界面活性剤、例えばグリセリン脂肪酸エステル,ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル,ショ糖脂肪酸エステル,プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル,ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル若しくはレシチンを、単独製剤若しくは複合製剤として使用する。
【0032】
また、生地には、甘味を付与したり良好な焼け色を形成したりする為に、砂糖,トレハロース,マルトース,水あめ,糖アルコール類,オリゴ糖,ブドウ糖,果糖等の糖類を添加する。
【0033】
本実施例によれば、穀類である米,小麦若しくはとうもろこしまたはイモ類であるじゃがいも若しくはタピオカの澱粉から精製して得た未加熱澱粉である米澱粉,小麦澱粉,コーンスターチ,じゃがいも澱粉若しくはタピオカ澱粉を、蛋白質含有量及び灰分含有量(塩類含有量)が0.5%(重量)以下、好ましくは0.2%(重量)以下となるように精製した精製粉を主原料として使用するから、低蛋白質,低塩類の焼菓子を製造できることになる。
【0034】
また更に、焼菓子を製造する際に通常用いられる膨張剤として、炭酸アンモニウム,炭酸水素アンモニウム等の加熱により全ての成分が分解して気化する化合物を採用することで、生地を焼成した後に該生地中にカリウム,ナトリウム,リン等の塩類を残存させずに前記生地を膨張させることができる為、低塩類且つ食感に秀れた焼菓子を製造できることとなる。
【0035】
また、生地のつなぎ材として、従来から使用されている高蛋白質な小麦粉や米,米粉,卵,乳製品等を一切用いず、低蛋白質で低塩類の素材であり、且つ、つなぎ材に必要とされる吸水性を有するα化澱粉を採用している為、低蛋白質で低塩類の焼菓子を製造できることになる。
【0036】
本実施例は上述のようにするから、腎臓病による透析患者や腎不全患者及び小麦粉,卵,乳製品等にアレルギー症状を発症してしまう人でも、腎臓への負担が少なく安心して食することができる、風味,食感に秀れた低蛋白質及び低塩類の焼菓子を製造できる画期的な焼菓子の製造方法となる。
【0037】
即ち、本実施例は、焼菓子の主原料として、蛋白質含有量及び灰分含有量(塩類含有量)が0.5%(重量)以下、好ましくは0.2%(重量)以下となる低蛋白質,低塩類の澱粉素材を採用するのみならず、更に、焼菓子を製造する際に通常使用される膨張剤として、加熱処理により全成分が分解して気化する炭酸アンモニウム若しくは炭酸水素アンモニウムを採用した為、低蛋白質・低塩類の焼菓子を製造することができる。
【0038】
また、本実施例により製造される焼菓子は、蛋白質含有量及び灰分含有量(塩類含有量)が0.5%(重量)以下となるように精製した精製粉に、α化澱粉,膨張剤,油脂,乳化剤及び糖類を所定量ずつ添加して形成した生地を焼成することで製造される為、該焼菓子の所定重量当たりの蛋白質含有量及び灰分含有量(塩類含有量)を更に低減させることができ、これにより、蛋白質含有量及び灰分含有量(塩類含有量)が0.2%(重量)以下の焼菓子を製造することができる。
【0039】
また、一般的な菓子は、生地のつなぎ材として通常、高蛋白質で高塩類な小麦粉や卵を用いるが、本実施例では、低蛋白質で低塩類のα化澱粉を採用した為、低蛋白質・低塩類の焼菓子を製造することができる。
【0040】
また、本実施例により製造される焼菓子には、膨張剤として加熱処理により全ての成分が加熱分解して気化する炭酸アンモニウムや炭酸水素アンモニウムを添加する為、生地を焼成した後には該生地中に空隙部が多数形成される為、やわらかい焼菓子を製造することができる。即ち、単に低蛋白質及び低塩類の焼菓子が製造できるのではなく、低蛋白質且つ低塩類の焼菓子でありながら、やわらかい焼菓子を製造することができる。
【0041】
また、生地に前記乳化剤を添加することで、生地中に油脂を分散させて、ソフトでさっくり感に秀れた焼菓子を製造することができる。即ち、仮に乳化剤を添加せずに焼菓子を製造した場合、該焼菓子は硬化してしまいバリバリとした食感の悪い焼菓子となってしまうが、乳化剤を加えることでこの問題を解消している。
【0042】
また、本実施例の焼菓子は蛋白質が非常に少ないから、必然的にアレルギー症状の原因物質であるアレルゲン物質も非常に少ない為、アレルギー疾患者の人でも安心して食せる焼菓子を提供することができる。
【0043】
また、本実施例により製造される焼菓子は、一般に市販されている原材料と略同様のものである為、既存の設備で製造することができ、例えば製菓業界が極めて容易且つコスト安で実施化することができる。
【0044】
また、原材料の組み合わせの幅が比較的広い為、様々な味覚,食感の低蛋白質・低塩類の焼菓子を製造することができる。
【0045】
以下、本実施例の効果を確認した実験例を示す。
【0046】
第一実験例(その1):原材料の成分分析
【0047】
本実験例で使用する澱粉類及び従来法で使用する小麦粉(薄力粉)の水分,蛋白質,灰分含有量(塩類含有量)を測定した。尚、水分は135℃乾燥法、蛋白質はマクロ改良ケルダール法、塩類は550℃灰化法により測定した(下記表1参照)。
【0048】
【表1】

Figure 0003944604
【0049】
表1によれば、一般的な和洋菓子に使用される米粉、小麦粉の蛋白質含量は、乾物換算で7%以上、卵にあっては50%を超えていたのに対し、本実験例で使用する澱粉類は0.2〜0.5%で、従来法で使用する穀類に比べごく微量であり、灰分含有量(塩類含有量)も1/2程度であることが確認された。
【0050】
従って、本実施例において主原料として用いる穀類若しくはイモ類等の澱粉類は、低蛋白質で低塩類であるといえる。
【0051】
第一実験例(その2):灰分残存量(塩類残存量)の測定
【0052】
本実験例で使用する膨張剤である炭酸アンモニウム,炭酸水素アンモニウム,並びに従来法で使用される膨張剤であるベーキングパウダー,イスパタを対象に、少量の水を加えて135℃加熱後の残存量、及び550℃灰化後の残存量(灰分=塩類相当量)を測定した(下記表2参照)。
【0053】
【表2】
Figure 0003944604
【0054】
表2によれば、従来から使用されているベーキングパウダー、イスパタ等複数の化合物を混合した製剤は、加熱分解後及び灰化後に多量の塩類が残存する一方、炭酸アンモニウム、炭酸水素アンモニウムは加熱により全てが分解してガス化し、残存率はゼロとなることが確認された。
【0055】
従って、第一実験例では、膨張剤としてベーキングパウダーやイスパタを用いた場合には、低蛋白質,低塩類焼菓子を極めて実現しづらい一方、炭酸アンモニウムや炭酸水素アンモニウムを用いた場合には、低蛋白質,低塩類の焼菓子を容易に実現できると言え、よって、炭酸アンモニウム等は本実施例に使用する膨張剤として最適であると言える。
【0056】
尚、膨張剤にベーキングパウダーやイスパタを使用し、加熱処理した際、多量の塩類が焼菓子中に残存してしまう原因は、ガス発生基剤として配合されている炭酸水素ナトリウムが加熱分解後に強いアルカリ性を示す為及び焼ミョウバン、リン酸塩等pH調製を目的とした化合物が配合されている為と推察される。
【0057】
第二実験例:従来の原料配合によるクッキーの製造
【0058】
小麦粉100重量部に対し、上白糖50重量部、トレハロース33重量部、全卵63重量部(正味重量)、ショートニング50重量部、及び焼菓子製造の際に一般的に添加されるベーキングパウダー2重量部を添加して表3に示す配合1の原料を形成した。一方、配合1の原料に対して、膨張剤のみベーキングパウダーに代えて炭酸アンモニウム1重量部を添加した表3に示す配合2の原料を形成した。そして、この配合1の原料で形成した焼菓子と配合2の原料で形成した焼菓子とを比較した。
【0059】
尚、ベーキングパウダー2重量部は小麦粉製品に対する一般的な添加比率を採用し、炭酸アンモニウムはベーキングパウダーと同等のボリュウムが得られる添加量の予備試験結果から求めた添加量を採用したものである。
【0060】
【表3】
Figure 0003944604
【0061】
尚、後述の第三実験例から第八実験例に記載の配合3〜6の原料についても上記表3に記載した。
【0062】
クッキーの製造工程は以下のとおりとした。糖類と卵をボウルに入れ、更に炭酸アンモニウム区を加え、ホイッパーで攪拌しながら軽く泡立つまで混ぜ合わせて第一生地を形成する一方、小麦粉にベーキングパウダーを加えて第二生地を形成し、この第一生地と第二生地とをヘラで均一になるまで混ぜ合わせた後にショートニングを混ぜ合わせて菓子生地を調製した。次いで、絞り袋に入れて展板上に直径2cm、高さ1.5cm程度に絞り出した後、180℃のオーブンで焼成した。
【0063】
その結果、出来上がった製品は、焼成時の油のしみ出しは全くなく、焼き上がりの形状、焼け色、食感の面では膨張剤の差は全く認められず良好であった。味覚の面では卵臭が強く感じられた。しかし、成分の面では蛋白質含量は差がなかったものの、灰分含有量(塩類含有量)はベーキングパウダーを使用したものに比べ炭酸アンモニウムを使用したものは約半分に低減されることが確認された(表4−配合1,配合2参照)。
【0064】
【表4】
Figure 0003944604
【0065】
尚、後述の第三実験例から第八実験例に記載の配合3〜6の原料で形成したクッキーの各種性質(蛋白質含量等)についても上記表4に記載した。
【0066】
従って、膨張剤としてベーキングパウダーに代えて炭酸アンモニウムを採用することで、灰分含有量(塩類含有量)を略半分にまで低減できると言える。
【0067】
第三実験例:澱粉を利用したクッキーの製造(その1)
【0068】
上白糖50重量部、トレハロース33重量部、水50重量部、炭酸アンモニウム1重量部を混合溶解したものに、小麦粉の代替として米澱粉45重量部、馬鈴薯澱粉45重量部、生地のつなぎ材を目的に米α化澱粉10重量部を加えて混ぜ合わせた後、ショートニング50重量部を混ぜ合わせ、第二実験例と同様に絞り出し、焼成を行った(表3−配合3参照)。
【0069】
その結果、製品中の蛋白質及び灰分含有量(塩類含有量)は第二実験例における配合1の原料で焼成した菓子及び同じく第二実施例における配合2の原料で焼成した菓子に比べ大幅に低減することが確認された。
【0070】
従って、小麦粉に代えて米澱粉及び馬鈴薯澱粉を用いることで、低蛋白質の焼菓子を容易に製造できると言える。
【0071】
しかしながら、第三実験例において製造したクッキーは、焼成中の油のしみ出しが著しく、また横方向への生地の流れ出しが認められ、焼け色は白っぽく食欲をそそる色調とはならず、多数の穴があき非常に硬い食感となる等、品質面で若干の課題がみられた(表4−配合3参照)。
【0072】
第四実験例:澱粉を利用したクッキーの製造(その2)
【0073】
第三実験例の結果に基づき、原料配合の一部を改変したクッキーを製造した。即ち、油のしみ出し防止と食物繊維の補充を目的にビートファイバー5重量部を、着色の改善を目的にブドウ糖5重量部を加えたクッキーを製造した。また、併せて膨張剤の種類による製品の灰分含有量(塩類含有量)の比較を行った(表3−配合4,配合5参照)。尚、製造工程は、第三実験例に準拠した。
【0074】
その結果、焼成時の油のしみ出し防止に対するビートファイバーの添加効果はほとんど認められなかったのに対し、ブドウ糖の添加はきつね色の好ましい焼け色となり、明らかな添加効果が確認された。また、膨張剤の比較では炭酸アンモニウム添加区に比べ、ベーキングパウダー添加区は4倍の灰分含有量(塩類含有量)が確認された。
【0075】
従って、低塩類化を達成する為には塩類が全く残存しない膨張剤(炭酸アンモニウムや炭酸水素アンモニウム等)の選択が必須であると言える(表4−配合4,配合5参照)。
【0076】
第五実験例:乳化剤の添加による油のしみ出し防止と製品の品質向上
【0077】
第四実験例の原料配合からビートファイバーを外し、ケーキ類の製造に広く利用されている乳化起泡剤5重量部を添加してクッキーを製造した(表3−配合6参照)。尚、製造工程は、第三実験例に準拠した。
【0078】
その結果、焼成時の油のしみ出しは完全に防止されるとともに、形状のバランスがとれており、内相のきめが細かく、サックリとした食感を有する製品が得られ、乳化剤添加による高い品質改善効果が確認された。また、小麦粉、卵、ベーキングパウダーを用いたものに比べ蛋白質及び灰分含有量(塩類含有量)が極めて低い分析結果が得られた(表4−配合6参照)。
【0079】
従って、原料に小麦粉,卵,ベーキングパウダー,ビートファイバーを用いず、前記精製粉(澱粉),膨張剤(炭酸アンモニウム,炭酸水素アンモニウム等),水,乳化剤を用いることで、食感に秀れた低蛋白質,低塩類の焼菓子を製造できると言える。
【0080】
第六実験例:各種澱粉の単独使用による品質比較
【0081】
米澱粉,小麦澱粉,コーンスターチ,じゃがいも澱粉,タピオカ澱粉をそれそれ単独で95重量部,米α化澱粉5重量部(澱粉合計100重量部)に対し、糖類,ショートニング,乳化剤,膨張剤,水は第五実施例(表3−配合6参照)と同様としてクッキーを製造し、澱粉の比較を行った。
【0082】
その結果、澱粉の種類による品質、蛋白質及び灰分含有量(塩類含有量)の差は極めて少ないことが確認された。
【0083】
従って、いずれの澱粉を用いても、低蛋白質・低塩類の焼菓子を製造することが可能であり、よって、高い利用適性を有すると言える。
【0084】
以上の各実験例に基づき、低蛋白質・低塩類の焼菓子の製造工程を図1に示した。尚、図1においては、各素材の量(重量部)を部で表している。
【0085】
第七実験例:ウルチ澱粉を用いたスティック状スナック菓子の製造
【0086】
米澱粉3kgと上白糖300g,ショートニング90gをミキサーに投入し、加水後の水分含量を38%に調整するに必要な水を計量しておいたものを徐々に加えて均一になるまで十分に攪拌して混合した。続いて、蒸練機に移して蒸気を吹き込みながら8分間蒸練し、スクリュー式の練り出し機を通過させて楕円形の棒状に練り出し、圧延機で厚さ1mmのシート状に圧延、トレーに載せて冷蔵庫中に一夜放置して硬化させ、幅10mm長さ100mmに切断後、200℃のオ−ブンできつね色に着色するまで17〜18分焼成し、スナック菓子1を得た。
【0087】
また、米澱粉3kg,上白糖300g,ショートニング90g,及び乳化起泡剤30gを混合してミキサーに投入し、前記と同様に処理してスナック菓子2を得た。
【0088】
得られた製品の品質は、いずれの製品も丸く円柱状に膨化したが、スナック菓子1はやや硬く口溶けが劣っていたのに対し、スナック菓子2は光沢の強い外観を呈し、ソフトでサックリ感があり、口溶け良好であることが確認された。
【0089】
更に、一連の製造工程において通常のウルチ米を用いた米菓の製造では生地の乾燥工程、及び焼成温度は280℃の高温が必須であったが、本実験例では乾燥工程を完全に省略出来ること、並びに焼成温度は200℃で十分であることが明らかとなり、製造工程の簡略化と省エネルギー化に有効であると判断された。
【0090】
第八実験例:モチ系澱粉を用いたスナック菓子の製造
【0091】
ワキシーコーンスターチ3kgと上白糖300g,ショートニング150gをミキサーに投入し、加水後の水分含量を35%に調整するに必要な水を計量しておいたものを徐々に加えて均一になるまで十分に攪拌して混合した。続いて、蒸練機に移して蒸気を吹き込みながら8分間蒸練し、スクリュー式の練り出し機を通過させて楕円形の棒状に練り出し角型バットに詰めて冷蔵庫中に一夜放置して硬化させ、厚さ1mm,幅7mm,長さ100mmに切断後、200℃のオ−ブンできつね色に着色するまで15〜16分焼成し、スナック菓子3を得た。
【0092】
また、ワキシーコーンスターチ3kg,上白糖150g,及び乳化起泡剤30gを混合してミキサーに投入し、前記と同様に処理してスナック菓子4を得た。
【0093】
得られた製品の品質は、スナック菓子3は部分的に風船状に著しく膨化し、形状不良となり全体的な品質は劣ったのに対し、スナック菓子4は均一に膨化し、食感もソフトで優れた品質の製品が得られた。また、ウルチ系スナック菓子と同様に生地の乾燥工程を省略し、低温での焼成が可能であったことから、これらの結果は本実験例の特徴の一つであると判断された。
【0094】
前記第七実験例及び第八実験例で得られたスナック菓子の水分,蛋白質,塩類は表5に示した。
【0095】
【表5】
Figure 0003944604
【0096】
また、本実験例で用いた原材料の種類と製造上の機能を以下に示す。
【0097】
【表6】
Figure 0003944604
【0098】
以上の各実験例から、本実施例によれば、蛋白質且つ低塩類の焼菓子でありながら、食感に秀れた腎臓病患者用の焼菓子を製造できることが確認された。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本実施例の低蛋白質低塩類の焼菓子の製造工程を示すフローチャート図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a manufacturing method of the baked confectionery.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Currently, over 260,000 patients undergoing dialysis among kidney disease patients in Japan. Moreover, although it does not reach the necessity of dialysis, it is estimated that the number of patients having a disease in the kidney is 10 times or more that of dialysis patients. In addition, it is expected that the number of patients with transition from diabetes and other diseases will continue to increase.
[0003]
Thus, kidney disease patients and their reserve groups are on the rise.
[0004]
By the way, these patients with kidney disease and their preparatory groups are required to manage the amount of collected proteins and salts such as potassium, sodium, phosphorus, etc. during the meal. This is because proteins and salts of potassium, sodium, phosphorus, and the like put a burden on the kidney and worsen the symptoms.
[0005]
Therefore, patients with kidney disease and their preparatory groups are high protein foods including animal foods, foods containing a lot of potassium such as fruits, foods containing a lot of sodium such as seasonings (salt, soy sauce, etc.) It is not possible to ingest, and therefore, the type of food and the amount of intake must be restricted during meals.
[0006]
Therefore, research and development of foods for kidney disease patients will be carried out so that such kidney disease patients and their preparatory group can eat delicious meals similar to those of healthy people without burdening the kidneys. The applicant of the present application has been provided with low protein rice (Japanese Patent No. 3174747), low protein bread, low protein noodles, etc., and has been well received.
[0007]
However, commercially available low-protein, low-salt foods for patients with kidney disease and their reserves are limited to staple foods such as cooked rice, bread, and noodles, as described above, and are used for snacks and snacks. In the confectionery field where demand is high, there are almost no research examples. This is because research on foods for patients with kidney disease and their reserve groups has not yet been advanced to the field of luxury products, and most confectionery contains a lot of proteins, salts, sugars, etc. If it is going to reduce, it will become a food which remarkably impairs the original flavor of a confectionery, etc., and realization of that is made technically difficult.
[0008]
For this reason, patients with kidney disease, for example, are forced to drink sugar water when they want to eat sweet food. Being in the current state of eating habits.
[0009]
The present invention was invented in view of the above situation, less burden on the kidney, those Moreover, to provide a process for the preparation of innovative Sho菓 child capable of producing Xiu the baked confectionery in texture It is.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The gist of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0011]
How flour containing starch grains or potatoes, ties, expansion agent, to form a dough by adding fat, emulsifiers and sugar, to produce a baked confectionery low protein and low salt and heating the dough a is, as the flour, cereals rice, wheat or a unheated starch obtained by purification from starch potato or tapioca is corn or potatoes white matter content and ash content of each 0 .5% (by weight) or less of rice starch, wheat starch, corn starch, potato starch or tapioca starch was employed as a pre-Symbol tether, obtained by heating the rice starch, wheat starch, corn starch, potato starch or tapioca starch was adopted α starch, as a pre-Symbol expanding agent, all by decomposing adopted ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium carbonate gasified by heating, before Kichichi The oil fat is related to the production method of the baked confectionery you characterized by employing a surfactant which does not contain the protein or salts you prevent a phenomenon that oozes out of the dough as agent.
[0012]
In the method for producing baked confectionery according to claim 1 Symbol placement, as the emulsifier, glycerol fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid esters, propylene glycol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid ester or lecithin alone formulation or composite in which according to the production method of the baked confectionery characterized by adopting those with formulation.
[0013]
In the method for producing baked confectionery according to any one of claims 1, wherein 0.5% (by weight) of you being a respective 0.2% (by weight) in terms of dry matter those relating to the production method of the baked confectionery.
[0014]
Moreover, in the manufacturing method of baked confectionery of any one of Claims 1-3, employ | adopts the soybean oil or salad oil which is the fats and oils of shortening, butter or margarine which are solid fats and oils as said fats and oils. those relating to the manufacturing method of the baked confectionery according to claim.
[0015]
[Action and effect of the invention]
Confectionery according to the production method of the present invention are cereals (e.g., rice, wheat, corn, etc.) or potatoes (e.g., potato, data Pioka (cassava)) in unheated Starch obtained by refining from Starch of There蛋 white matter content and ash content (salt content), respectively 0.5% (by weight) or less of rice starch, wheat starch, corn starch, adopts potato starch or tapioca starch, these said fine milling main raw material since the production of pre Kisho菓 child as, protein content and ash content (salt content) will be able to produce the less have Sho菓 child.
[0016]
By the way, in general confectionery, in order to soften the confectionery, an expanding agent is put in the dough. As a result, when the dough is heated, a large number of voids are formed in the dough due to the expansion action of the expansion agent, resulting in a confection with many voids after heating, and a softer confectionery can be produced accordingly.
[0017]
However, conventionally, as this swelling agent, baking powder and ispata containing sodium bicarbonate, baked alum, phosphate, etc. in the ingredients were used, so when baking the confectionery dough, the sodium bicarbonate was heated. A large amount of salt such as sodium remained in the dough after being decomposed, which caused the confectionery to become highly salted.
[0018]
In this regard, the present invention, because the ingredients are all decomposed by ammonium carbonate and ammonium hydrogen carbonate to vaporize by heating and placed as an expansion agent, 該焼confectionery after firing the confection will not be high salinization.
[0019]
In the present invention, since an expansion agent that decomposes and vaporizes all components when heated is added in this way, salts (sodium, potassium, phosphorus, etc.) are added like conventional expansion agents (for example, sodium bicarbonate). without remaining in the biological ground, by which an increase in salt concentration causes the expansion agent does not occur, thus, would be capable of producing Sho菓 child ash content (salt content) is not low.
[0020]
Also, since adopting a tie low protein in low salt α starch obtained by heating the material der Ru said purification powder, will be more capable of producing baked confectionery low salt at a much lower protein.
[0021]
Also, as the emulsifier, because the addition of surfactant that does not contain proteins and salts Ru dispersed oil fat in the dough, the flavor was Sakkuri soft, it will be able to produce Xiu confectionery in texture.
[0022]
From the above, according to the present invention, it is possible protein content is small, ash content (salt content) is also small, yet to produce a Xiu the baked confectionery flavor-texture.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention and are described below.
[0024]
This embodiment, the flour containing a starch, ties, adding swelling agent and additives to form a dough, a method for producing a baked confectionery for kidney disease by heat treating the fabric.
[0025]
Flour containing starch, rice, wheat, raw starch (unheated starch) purified from starch cereals such as corn, or potato, raw starch purified from starch potato such as data Pioka (cassava) ( Among the non-heated starch) rice starch, wheat starch, corn starch, potato starch or tapioca starch , the protein content is 0.5% (weight) or less, preferably 0.2% (weight) or less per dry matter, and Select one with as little salt content as possible, such as potassium, sodium and phosphorus.
[0026]
The starch-containing powder is also mixed with pregelatinized starch obtained by heating the raw starch in advance for use as a binder for confectionery dough.
[0027]
Specifically, the α-starch, said a cereals rice is unheated Starch obtained by purification from starch potato or tapioca wheat or maize or Play Mode acids white matter content and ash Rice starch, wheat starch, corn starch, potato starch or tapioca starch with a content of 0.5% (by weight) or less is preheated and gelatinized, then dried and powdered as necessary is doing.
[0028]
The swelling agent is a compound in which all components are thermally decomposed and vaporized during the heat treatment, and a salt component such as potassium, sodium, phosphorus, etc. does not remain in the dough, specifically, ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate. adopt.
[0029]
This ammonium carbonate or ammonium hydrogen carbonate is decomposed when heated and becomes a gas such as carbon dioxide gas or ammonium gas, and does not remain as salts in the dough .
[0030]
Specifically, fats and oils employ solid oils and fats such as shortening, butter and margarine, or liquid oils such as soybean oil and salad oil (may be used in combination). The fats and oils should be low protein and low salt fats and oils.
[0031]
The emulsifier is a surfactant that does not contain proteins or salts, such as glycerin fatty acid ester, polyglycerin fatty acid ester, sucrose fatty acid ester, propylene glycol fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester or lecithin, as a single preparation or a combined preparation. .
[0032]
In addition, sugars such as sugar, trehalose, maltose, starch syrup, sugar alcohols, oligosaccharides, glucose, and fructose are added to the dough to impart sweetness and form a good burnt color.
[0033]
According to this embodiment, the US is cereals, rice starch is unheated starch obtained by purification from starch potato or tapioca wheat or maize or potatoes, wheat starch, corn starch, potato starch or tapioca starch Is used as a main raw material, a refined powder refined so that the protein content and ash content (salt content) is 0.5% (weight) or less, preferably 0.2% (weight) or less, low protein, becomes possible to produce a baked confectionery of low salt.
[0034]
Further, as an ordinary expansion agent used in preparing the baked confectionery, by ammonium carbonate, all components by heating such as ammonium bicarbonate to employ a compound which vaporizes decomposed, said after firing the dough potassium in the dough, sodium, since it is possible to inflate the dough without leaving salts such as phosphorus, and thus capable of producing low-salt and baked confectionery was soo are the texture.
[0035]
In addition, the high-protein wheat flour, rice, rice flour, eggs, dairy products, etc. that are conventionally used are not used as a connecting material for the dough, and it is a low-protein, low-salt material and is necessary for the connecting material. since adopting the α starch having a water absorption that is, becomes possible to produce a baked confectionery low salt at low protein.
[0036]
Since this example is as described above, even patients with dialysis due to kidney disease or patients with renal insufficiency, and those who develop allergic symptoms to flour, eggs, dairy products, etc. should eat safely with less burden on the kidneys. can, taste, and manufacturing method of the revolutionary Sho菓 child capable of producing baked confectionery low protein and low salt were soo are the texture.
[0037]
That is, the present embodiment includes, as main raw material for baked confectionery, protein content and ash content (salt content) of 0.5% (by weight) or less, low preferably is 0.2% (by weight) or less protein, not only to adopt the starch material of the low-salt, further, as a normal expansion agent used in preparing the baked confectionery, the ammonium carbonate or ammonium hydrogen carbonate all components which are vaporized decomposed by the heat treatment adopted because, it is possible to produce a baked confectionery of low-protein, low-salt.
[0038]
In addition, the baked confectionery produced according to the present example is obtained by purifying the refined powder so that the protein content and the ash content (salt content) are 0.5% (weight) or less, the pregelatinized starch, and the swelling agent. , fats, because it is manufactured by baking a dough formed by adding an emulsifier and sugar by a predetermined amount, further reducing the protein content and ash content per given weight of 該焼confectionery (the salt content) it is to be able, thereby, it is possible to protein content and ash content (salt content) to produce a 0.2% (by weight) or less of the baked confectionery.
[0039]
In addition, general confectionery usually uses wheat flour and eggs with high protein and high salt as a dough binder, but in this example, low protein and low salt pregelatinized starch was used. it is possible to produce a baked confectionery low salt compound.
[0040]
Further, the baked confectionery that is produced according to the present embodiment, since the addition of all of the ammonium carbonate or ammonium hydrogen carbonate component is vaporized thermal decomposition to a heat treatment as an expansion agent, after firing the dough dough void portion because it is a large number, it is possible to produce a soft Sho菓 child inside. In other words, simply the low protein and baked confectionery of low salt rather than be produced, it is possible to produce a low protein and yet baked confectionery of low salt, a soft Sho菓 child.
[0041]
Further, by adding the emulsifier to the dough, it is possible by dispersing fat in the dough, the production of baked confectionery was soo are the Sakkuri feeling soft. In other words, if the case of producing a Sho菓 child without the addition of emulsifiers, but 該焼confectionery becomes evil not Sho菓 child of texture was crunchy would be cured, this problem by adding an emulsifier Has been eliminated.
[0042]
In addition, since the baked confectionery of this embodiment is very little protein, because very few allergens is also inevitably of allergy symptoms causing substances, provide a Shokuse that baked confectionery with confidence in the person of allergic disease's can do.
[0043]
Moreover, baked confectionery that is produced according to the present embodiment is generally because those raw materials and substantially the same commercially available, can be prepared in conventional equipment, for example, very easily and implemented in cost depreciation confectionery industry Can be
[0044]
Further, since a relatively large width of the combination of raw materials, it is possible to produce a variety of tastes, baked confectionery low protein, low salt such texture.
[0045]
Hereinafter, experimental examples in which the effect of the present example was confirmed will be shown.
[0046]
First Experimental Example (Part 1): Component Analysis of Raw Materials
The water content, protein content, and ash content (salt content) of the starches used in this experimental example and the wheat flour (soft flour) used in the conventional method were measured. The moisture was measured by the 135 ° C. drying method, the protein was measured by the macro modified Kjeldahl method, and the salts were measured by the 550 ° C. ashing method (see Table 1 below).
[0048]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003944604
[0049]
According to Table 1, the protein content of rice flour and wheat flour used for general Japanese and Western confectionery was 7% or more in terms of dry matter and over 50% for eggs, whereas this was used in this experimental example. It was confirmed that the amount of starch to be used was 0.2 to 0.5%, which was very small compared to the grains used in the conventional method, and the ash content (salt content) was about ½.
[0050]
Therefore, it can be said that starches such as cereals or potatoes used as the main raw material in this example are low protein and low salt.
[0051]
First Experiment Example (Part 2): Measurement of Residual Ash Content (Residual Salt Content)
Amount of residual after heating at 135 ° C. by adding a small amount of water to the expansion agents used in this experimental example, ammonium carbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, and baking powder, isputter, which is an expansion agent used in the conventional method, The residual amount after ashing at 550 ° C. (ash content = salt equivalent amount) was measured (see Table 2 below).
[0053]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003944604
[0054]
According to Table 2, a large amount of salts remain after heating decomposition and ashing in the preparations prepared by mixing a plurality of compounds such as baking powder and ispata that have been used conventionally, while ammonium carbonate and ammonium bicarbonate are heated. It was confirmed that everything was decomposed and gasified, and the residual rate became zero.
[0055]
Therefore, in the first experimental example, when baking powder or ispata is used as the swelling agent, it is very difficult to realize low protein and low salt baked confectionery , while when using ammonium carbonate or ammonium bicarbonate, it is low. protein, said that the baked confectionery low salt such can be easily realized, thus, it can be said that ammonium carbonate is suitable as a swelling agent used in the present embodiment.
[0056]
In addition, when baking powder or isputter is used as the expansion agent and heat treatment is performed, the cause of the large amount of salt remaining in the baked confectionery is that sodium hydrogen carbonate blended as a gas generating base is strong after thermal decomposition. This is presumed to be due to the presence of alkalinity and compounds intended for pH adjustment such as calcined alum and phosphate.
[0057]
Second Experimental Example: Production of Cookies Using Conventional Raw Material Formulation
100 parts by weight of wheat flour to, white sugar 50 parts by weight, 33 parts by weight of trehalose, whole egg 63 parts by weight (net weight), shortening 50 parts by weight, and baking powder 2 which is generally added during the baked confectionery manufacturing Part by weight was added to form a raw material of formulation 1 shown in Table 3. On the other hand, with respect to the raw material of the mixing | blending 1, the raw material of the mixing | blending 2 shown in Table 3 which added 1 weight part of ammonium carbonate instead of baking powder only to the expansion agent was formed. Then, comparing the baked confectionery formed by baked snack and formulation 2 raw material formed by the blend 1 material.
[0059]
In addition, 2 weight part of baking powder employ | adopts the general addition ratio with respect to a wheat flour product, and ammonium carbonate employ | adopts the addition amount calculated | required from the preliminary test result of the addition amount which can obtain the volume equivalent to baking powder.
[0060]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003944604
[0061]
In addition, it described in the said Table 3 also about the raw material of the mixing | blendings 3-6 described in the below-mentioned 3rd experiment example-8th experiment example.
[0062]
The manufacturing process of cookies was as follows. Put sugar and eggs in a bowl, add ammonium carbonate , mix with a whip until lightly foamed to form the first dough, add baking powder to the flour to form the second dough, One dough and the second dough were mixed with a spatula until uniform, and then shortening was mixed to prepare a confectionery dough. Next, after putting in a squeezed bag and squeezing out about 2 cm in diameter and 1.5 cm in height on the display plate, it was baked in an oven at 180 ° C.
[0063]
As a result, the finished product did not exude oil at the time of baking, and the difference in the swelling agent was not recognized at all in terms of the shape, burnt color, and texture of the baking. In terms of taste, the egg odor was strongly felt. However, although there was no difference in protein content in terms of ingredients, it was confirmed that the ash content (salt content) was reduced to about half that using ammonium carbonate compared to the one using baking powder. (See Table 4-Formulation 1, Formulation 2).
[0064]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003944604
[0065]
The various properties (protein content, etc.) of the cookies formed from the ingredients of Formulations 3 to 6 described in the third to eighth experimental examples described later are also shown in Table 4 above.
[0066]
Therefore, it can be said that the ash content (salt content) can be reduced to almost half by employing ammonium carbonate instead of baking powder as the expansion agent.
[0067]
Third Experiment: Manufacture of cookies using starch (Part 1)
[0068]
A mixture of 50 parts by weight of white sucrose, 33 parts by weight of trehalose, 50 parts by weight of water, and 1 part by weight of ammonium carbonate. After adding 10 parts by weight of rice pregelatinized starch and mixing, 50 parts by weight of shortening were mixed, squeezed out and fired in the same manner as in the second experimental example (see Table 3-Formulation 3).
[0069]
As a result, the protein and ash content (salt content) in the product is significantly reduced compared to the confectionery baked with the raw material of Formula 1 in the second experimental example and the confectionery baked with the raw material of Formula 2 in the second example. Confirmed to do.
[0070]
Therefore, by using the rice starch and potato starch instead of wheat flour, it can be said that the baked confectionery of low protein can be easily produced.
[0071]
However, in the cookies produced in the third experimental example, the exudation of oil during baking was noticeable, and the dough flowed out in the lateral direction, and the burnt color was not whitish and appetizing, and many holes Some problems were observed in terms of quality, such as a very hard texture (see Table 4-Formulation 3).
[0072]
Fourth Experimental Example: Production of cookies using starch (Part 2)
[0073]
Based on the results of the third experimental example, a cookie with a modified raw material blend was produced. That is, a cookie was prepared in which 5 parts by weight of beet fiber was added for the purpose of preventing exudation of oil and supplementation of dietary fiber, and 5 parts by weight of glucose was added for the purpose of improving coloring. Moreover, the ash content (salt content) of the product by the kind of expansion agent was also compared (refer to Table 3-Formulation 4 and Formulation 5). The manufacturing process was based on the third experimental example.
[0074]
As a result, the addition effect of beet fiber for preventing the oil from exuding at the time of baking was hardly recognized, but the addition of glucose became a preferable burnt color of dark color, and an obvious addition effect was confirmed. In comparison with the expansion agent, the ash content (salt content) was confirmed to be 4 times higher in the baking powder addition group than in the ammonium carbonate addition group.
[0075]
Therefore, it can be said that in order to achieve low salinity, it is essential to select a swelling agent (ammonium carbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate or the like) in which no salt remains (see Table 4-Formulation 4, Formulation 5).
[0076]
Example 5: Prevention of oil exudation and product quality improvement by addition of emulsifier
The beet fiber was removed from the raw material composition of the fourth experimental example, and 5 parts by weight of an emulsifying foaming agent widely used for the production of cakes was added to produce a cookie (see Table 3-Formulation 6). The manufacturing process was based on the third experimental example.
[0078]
As a result, exudation of oil during firing is completely prevented, the shape is balanced, the inner phase is fine, and a product with a crisp texture is obtained. The improvement effect was confirmed. Moreover, the analysis result in which protein and ash content (salt content) was very low compared with the thing using wheat flour, an egg, and baking powder was obtained (refer Table 4 combination 6).
[0079]
Therefore, it does not use wheat flour, eggs, baking powder, beet fiber as raw materials, and it has excellent texture by using the above refined powder (starch), swelling agent (ammonium carbonate, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, etc.), water, and emulsifier. low-protein, it can be said that can be produced baked confectionery of low-salt compounds.
[0080]
Sixth experimental example: Quality comparison by using various starches alone
Rice starch, wheat starch, corn starch, potato starch, tapioca starch alone 95 parts by weight, rice pregelatinized starch 5 parts by weight (total starch 100 parts by weight), sugar, shortening, emulsifier, swelling agent, water Cookies were produced in the same manner as in the fifth example (see Table 3-Formulation 6), and starches were compared.
[0082]
As a result, it was confirmed that the difference in quality, protein and ash content (salt content) depending on the type of starch was extremely small.
[0083]
Accordingly, using either of the starch, it is possible to produce a baked confectionery low protein, low salt include, therefore, said to have high utilization aptitude.
[0084]
Based on the experimental examples described above, showing a manufacturing process of the baked confectionery of low protein, low salt such in FIG. In addition, in FIG. 1, the quantity (weight part) of each raw material is represented by the part.
[0085]
Seventh Experimental Example: Manufacture of stick-shaped snack confectionery using Uruchi starch
Add 3kg of rice starch, 300g of super white sugar and 90g of shortening to the mixer, and gradually add the water weighed to adjust the water content after addition to 38% and stir well until uniform. And mixed. Subsequently, it is transferred to a steaming machine and steamed for 8 minutes while blowing steam, passed through a screw-type kneader and kneaded into an oval bar, rolled into a 1 mm thick sheet by a rolling mill, The cake was left to stand overnight in a refrigerator and cured, cut into a width of 10 mm and a length of 100 mm, and then baked for 17 to 18 minutes until it was colored in an oven at 200 ° C. to obtain a snack 1.
[0087]
Moreover, 3 kg of rice starch, 300 g of white sucrose, 90 g of shortening, and 30 g of the emulsifying foaming agent were mixed and put into a mixer, and processed in the same manner as above to obtain a snack confectionery 2.
[0088]
The quality of the products obtained was round and cylindrical in all products, but snack confectionery 1 was slightly hard and poorly melted in the mouth, while snack confectionery 2 had a glossy appearance and was soft and crispy. It was confirmed that the mouth melted well.
[0089]
Furthermore, in the production process of rice crackers using ordinary Uruchi rice in a series of production processes, the dough drying process and the baking temperature of 280 ° C. were essential, but in this experimental example, the drying process can be omitted completely. In addition, it became clear that a firing temperature of 200 ° C. was sufficient, and it was judged that it was effective in simplifying the production process and saving energy.
[0090]
Eighth Experimental Example: Production of snack confectionery using waxy starch
Add 3kg of waxy corn starch, 300g of super white sugar and 150g of shortening to the mixer, and gradually add the water weighed to adjust the water content after addition to 35%. And mixed. Next, transfer to a steamer and steam for 8 minutes while blowing steam, pass through a screw-type extruder and knead into an oval bar, fill in a square bat and leave overnight in a refrigerator to cure. After being cut into a thickness of 1 mm, a width of 7 mm, and a length of 100 mm, it was baked for 15 to 16 minutes until it was colored with an oven at 200 ° C. to obtain a snack 3.
[0092]
Moreover, 3 kg of waxy corn starch, 150 g of white sucrose, and 30 g of the emulsifying foaming agent were mixed and put into a mixer, and processed in the same manner as above to obtain a snack confectionery 4.
[0093]
The quality of the obtained product was that the snack confectionery 3 was partly balloon-like and swelled significantly, resulting in poor shape and poor overall quality. Quality product was obtained. In addition, since the dough drying process was omitted and baking was possible at a low temperature, as in the case of the Uruchi snacks, these results were determined to be one of the features of this experimental example.
[0094]
Table 5 shows the moisture, protein, and salts of the snacks obtained in the seventh and eighth experimental examples.
[0095]
[Table 5]
Figure 0003944604
[0096]
In addition, the types of raw materials used in this experimental example and the functions in production are shown below.
[0097]
[Table 6]
Figure 0003944604
[0098]
From each of the experimental examples described above, according to this embodiment, while a low protein and low salt baked confectionery, to be able to produce a baked confectionery for patients Xiu kidney disease was confirmed in texture.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a flowchart showing a manufacturing process of the baked confectionery of the Low Protein low salt such embodiment.

Claims (4)

穀類若しくはイモ類の澱粉を含有した粉に、つなぎ材、膨張剤,油脂,乳化剤及び糖類を加えて生地を形成し、この生地を加熱して低蛋白質且つ低塩類の焼菓子を製造する方法であって、前記粉として、穀類である米,小麦若しくはとうもろこしまたはイモ類であるじゃがいも若しくはタピオカの澱粉から精製して得た未加熱澱粉であり蛋白質含有量及び灰分含有量が夫々0.5%(重量)以下の米澱粉,小麦澱粉,コーンスターチ,じゃがいも澱粉若しくはタピオカ澱粉を採用し、前記つなぎ材として、前記米澱粉,小麦澱粉,コーンスターチ,じゃがいも澱粉若しくはタピオカ澱粉を加熱して得たα化澱粉を採用し、前記膨張剤として、加熱により分解して全てガス化する炭酸水素アンモニウム若しくは炭酸アンモニウムを採用し、前記乳化剤として前記油脂が生地の外にしみ出す現象を防止する蛋白質や塩類を含まない界面活性剤を採用することを特徴とする焼菓子の製造方法。How flour containing starch grains or potatoes, ties, expansion agent, to form a dough by adding fat, emulsifiers and sugar, to produce a baked confectionery low protein and low salt and heating the dough a is, as the flour, cereals rice, wheat or a unheated starch obtained by purification from starch potato or tapioca is corn or potatoes white matter content and ash content of each 0 .5% (by weight) or less of rice starch, wheat starch, corn starch, potato starch or tapioca starch was employed as a pre-Symbol tether, obtained by heating the rice starch, wheat starch, corn starch, potato starch or tapioca starch was adopted α starch, as a pre-Symbol expanding agent, all by decomposing adopted ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium carbonate gasified by heating, before Kichichi Method for producing a baked confectionary you characterized in that the oil fat employ a surfactant containing no protein or salts you prevent a phenomenon that oozes out of the dough as agent. 請求項1記の焼菓子の製造方法において、前記乳化剤として、グリセリン脂肪酸エステル,ポリグリセリン脂肪酸エステル,ショ糖脂肪酸エステル,プロピレングリコール脂肪酸エステル,ソルビタン脂肪酸エステル若しくはレシチンを、単独製剤若しくは複合製剤としたものを採用することを特徴とする焼菓子の製造方法。The method of manufacturing a baked confectionery according to claim 1 Symbol placement, as the emulsifier, glycerol fatty acid esters, polyglycerol fatty acid esters, sucrose fatty acid esters, propylene glycol fatty acid esters, sorbitan fatty acid esters or lecithin, and alone formulation or combined formulation method for producing a baked confectionary you characterized in that adopted ones. 請求項1,2いずれか1項に記載の焼菓子の製造方法において、前記0.5%(重量)は乾物換算で夫々0.2%(重量)であることを特徴とする焼菓子の製造方法。The method of manufacturing a baked confectionery according to any one of claims 1, 2, baked you wherein 0.5% (by weight) is respectively 0.2% on a dry matter terms (by weight) confectionery Child manufacturing method. 請求項1〜3いずれか1項に記載の焼菓子の製造方法において、前記油脂として固形油脂であるショートニング,バター若しくはマーガリンまたは液状油の油脂である大豆油若しくはサラダオイルを採用することを特徴とする焼菓子の製造方法。It characterized The method of manufacturing a baked snack according to any one of claims 1 to 3, as the oil, shortening a solid fat, to adopt soybean oil or salad oil is a fat butter or margarine or liquid oils method for producing a baked confectionery to.
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