JP3944769B2 - Weaving and knitting processing method - Google Patents
Weaving and knitting processing method Download PDFInfo
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- JP3944769B2 JP3944769B2 JP2002034276A JP2002034276A JP3944769B2 JP 3944769 B2 JP3944769 B2 JP 3944769B2 JP 2002034276 A JP2002034276 A JP 2002034276A JP 2002034276 A JP2002034276 A JP 2002034276A JP 3944769 B2 JP3944769 B2 JP 3944769B2
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- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 title 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical group O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 12
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 2
- ZHJGWYRLJUCMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-[6-[(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]benzimidazol-1-yl]-3-[1-[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]ethoxy]thiophene-2-carboxamide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(F)(F)F)C=1C(C)OC(=C(S1)C(N)=O)C=C1N(C1=C2)C=NC1=CC=C2CN1CCN(C)CC1 ZHJGWYRLJUCMRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000003403 Limnocharis flava Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000278243 Limnocharis flava Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000306 component Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、ポリエステル高配向未延伸糸と延伸糸との混繊糸からなる、優れた風合い、ソフトでふくらみを有した織編物品を経済的かつ効率的に得るための処理方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ポリエステル繊維は多くの優れた特徴を有しているために、合成繊維として極めて広い用途を有している。それらポリエステル繊維で作られた製品の中には、紡糸、延伸、加工、減量、染色等の工程において、様々な機能、風合いを与えたものが多く出ている。中でも、ソフトでふくらみを持った製品、従来の天然繊維にはなかった新しい風合いを持つ製品は消費者の側から多く望まれている。これらふくらみを持った製品を作る方法の一つとして、収縮率の異なった原糸を混繊した異収縮混繊糸を用いる方法が主流となっている。しかし、この手法では収縮時の拘束力が大きく十分な糸長差が出ないために目標とする風合いを得るには至っていない。
【0003】
また自己伸長糸に関しては、ポリエチレンテレフタレートポリマーを紡糸、延伸して得られる糸を収縮処理する(特公昭41−1205公報、特公昭43−28262公報)、あるいはポリエステル未延伸糸を収縮熱処理し、ついで延伸する(特公昭46−3372公報、特公昭63−372公報)、ポリエステル半延伸糸を弛緩熱処理する(特公平2−293410公報)、ポリエステルマルチフィラメント部分配向未延伸糸を他のマルチフィラメントと混繊し次いで弛緩熱処理する(特開平6−299430公報)方法などがあるが、いずれも従来の完成糸を製造する工程に加え、延伸、熱処理等の糸加工の手間がかかり経済面、作業面、共に改善が望まれている。
【0004】
また、ポリエステル高配向未延伸糸は生産性が高く染色性が良い等の利点があるものの、それら自身は強度が低く、収縮率が高いために製品にするには延撚、延伸仮撚、弛緩熱処理等の熱処理を行い、収縮率を抑えて取り扱いやすくする必要がある。未延伸糸、高配向未延伸糸を糸の段階で収縮抑制のある有機化合物と染料により染色し延伸することにより、染色した完成糸を得る方法があるが(特開昭50−24526公報、特開昭50−48221公報)、この方法でも延伸工程は削減できず、経済面、作業面での能率は良くなっていない。また、この方法では染色性等が改善されただけにとどまり、ふくらみ等の風合い面での特性は付与されていない。
【0005】
本発明は上記従来技術の有する問題点を克服し、優れた風合い、ソフトでふくらみのある繊維製品をポリエステル高配向未延伸糸と延伸糸との混繊糸を材料として、経済的かつ効率的に提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記目的を達成するために鋭意検討を重ねた結果、ポリエステル高配向未延伸糸と延伸糸との混繊糸からなる繊維製品を、超臨界流体またはそれに類する流体で処理することにより、ソフトでふくらみがあり、優れた風合いを持つ繊維製品を経済的かつ効率的に提供できることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
即ち本発明は、下記の構成からなる。
1.複屈折率30×10-3以上、60×10-3以下、比重1.34g/cm3以上、1.36g/cm3以下であるポリエステル高配向未延伸糸Aと、沸水収縮率が10%以上であるポリエステル延伸糸Bとの混繊糸を少なくとも一部に有する織編物を、超臨界流体または亜臨界流体で処理することを特徴とする織編物の処理方法。
2.超臨界流体または亜臨界流体の主成分が二酸化炭素であることを特徴とする上記第1記載のポリエステル織編物の製造方法。
3.超臨界流体または亜臨界流体での処理温度が20℃以上100℃以下であることを特徴とする上記第1又は2記載の織編物の処理方法。
4.超臨界流体または亜臨界流体での処理圧力が7MPa以上25MPa以下であることを特徴とする上記第1〜3のいずれかに記載のポリエステル織編物の製造方法。
【0007】
本発明におけるポリエステルとは、繊維形成性のポリエステルであれば特に限定はされないが、例えばテレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、2,6−ナフタレンジカルボン酸を主たるカルボン酸成分とし、エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコールもしくはテトラメチレングリコールを主たるグリコール成分とするポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンイソフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、あるいはポリエチレン2,6−ナフタレート等の線状ポリエステルを主成分としたものが好ましく、特にポリエチレンテレフタレートが好ましい。
【0008】
また、これらは用途によっては難燃性、易染性、制電性等の機能性の化合物が共重合していても、ダル剤、無機粒子等の添加剤が含まれていても構わない。
【0009】
ここでのポリエステル高配向未延伸糸は、繊維の特徴として複屈折率(以後Δnとする)がΔnは30×10-3 以上60×10-3 以下、比重が1.34g/cm3以上1.36g/cm3以下である。
【0010】
ここでのΔnの値は、ベレックコンペンセーターを装着した偏向顕微鏡によりレタデーションを測定し、レタデーションと繊維径より求められるものである。
【0011】
比重は、硝酸カルシウム4水和物と純水との混合液からなる密度勾配管により30℃で測定したn=3の平均値を用いた。
【0012】
これらのΔnが30×10-3未満であると超臨界流体中での処理時に結晶化が不十分であり、収縮が大きく伸長性が得られない。また60×10-3を超えると配向結晶化が大きく同様に伸長性が得られない。従って30×10-3 以上60×10-3以下が好ましく、さらには40×10-3 から50×10-3の範囲がより好ましい。
【0013】
また比重が1.34g/cm3未満であると超臨界流体中での処理時に結晶化が不十分であり、収縮が大きく伸長性が得られない。また1.36g/cm3を超えると配向結晶化が大きく同様に伸長性が得られない。
【0014】
ポリエステル延伸糸の特徴は沸水収縮率が10%以上のものである。
沸水収縮率は、繊度(dtex)×1/33.3gに相当する荷重を加え、原糸50.0cmの長さに予め印を付けておき、ガーゼに包んだ後、沸水中に30分間浸漬し、風乾した後同荷重を加えて印間の長さ(L)を測定し、以下の式で算出した。
沸水収縮率(%)=(50−)/50×100
収縮率が10%未満であると収縮が発現せずに糸長差不足で嵩高性が低い。
【0015】
本発明において超臨界流体とは、臨界温度および臨界圧力を超えた温度および圧力下の流動体をいう。この状態は気相および液相のどちらに属するともともいえない状態であり、密度は液体と同程度にもかかわらず、気体と同程度の運動性を持つ。このため、超臨界流体には繊維構造物の細部まで浸透したポリエステルを可塑化するという利点がある。
この超臨界流体の浸透、およびそれによる可塑化は従来の可塑剤等による可塑化とは異なり、ポリエステル結晶内部にまで浸透し、結晶自体を可塑化する効果がある。またこの超臨界流体により処理されたポリエステルは処理後もその構造をある程度保ち、可塑化された状態を保っている。なお、二酸化炭素の臨界温度は31.1℃、臨界圧力は7.2MPaである。
また、本発明でいう亜臨界状態にある流体とは、ポリエステルに対し可塑化する効果を有する流体を意味する。亜臨界状態にある流体は、臨界温度或いは臨界圧力以上である流体をいい、特に臨界圧力以上である流体であることが望ましい。高圧状態にある流体は超臨界状態と同様に繊維構造物の細部まで浸透しポリエステルを可塑化するため、本発明において超臨界状態と同様の作用を有する。
【0016】
本発明における超臨界もしくは亜臨界流体の主成分としては二酸化炭素が好ましい。二酸化炭素は比較的低温、低圧力から超臨界状態となり、超臨界流体として扱いやすく、基本的に不活性で有るため処理中のポリエステルとの反応がないため処理を行いやすい。
処理圧力は好ましくは7MPa以上25MPa以下、さらに好ましくは15MPa以上20MPa以下である。処理圧力が低すぎると外層の緩和が行えないため好ましくない。外層の緩和を進める観点からは処理圧力は高い方が好ましいが装置の能力或いはコスト的な観点から実質的に25MPaを超えると製造上困難が伴い実用的ではない。
【0017】
本発明における超臨界もしくは亜臨界流体によるポリエステル織編物の処理温度は20℃以上、100℃以下さらに好ましくは20℃以上80℃以下である。
処理温度が低すぎると繊維外層の緩和が行えず、好ましくない。
超臨界流体中で織編物を処理すると、ポリエステル高配向未延伸糸の収縮能が抑制され、自己伸長が発生するかは充分解明できていない。
しかし推測するに、超臨界流体の可塑化効果によって、ポリエステル高配向未延伸糸の非晶部分が緩和することにより収縮を抑制し、配向した結晶が成長する事により、自己伸長が発現すると考える。
【0018】
これらの処理は、処理自体単独で行なう事も可能であるが、精錬工程、染色工程等と同時に行なう事もできる。
また上記の方法で超臨界流体処理された製品は処理した時点で安定であり、その後に精練、セット、減量、染色等の工程を行なってもなんら問題を生じない。
【0019】
【実施例】
以下実施例を挙げてさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれにより何ら限定を受けるものではない。
(実施例1)
Δn=30×10-3、比重1.35g/cm3の丸断面を有する高配向ポリエチレンテレフタレート未延伸糸と、沸水収縮率13%のポリエチレンテレフタレート延伸糸を交絡ノズルを用いて流体交絡混繊を行い、得られた混繊糸に300回/mの撚を付与して糊付乾燥(70℃)し、これを経糸として用い、緯糸には60デニール36フィラメントのポリエステル糸に2500回/mの撚を付与したS撚糸とZ撚糸を用い、これらを2本交互に打ち込んだ平組織の織物をなした。
得られた織物を温度40℃、圧力20MPaの超臨界二酸化炭素で10分間処理した。
得られた製品はポリエステル織物の風合い評価の経験の長い染色加工技術者3名によってソフトさ、ふくらみ程度、風合いの新規性を判定した。
また同時に、織物を構成するポリエステル高配向未延伸糸を超臨界二酸化炭素処理層中に入れ、伸長率を以下の方法で測定した。d(デニール)×1/30gに相当する荷重を加え、原糸50.0cmの長さにあらかじめ印を付けておき、織物サンプルと一緒に処理層中に入れ、処理後同荷重を加えて印の間の長さ(W)を測定した。
伸長率(%)=100×(W−50)/50の式で算出した。
【0020】
(比較例1)
超臨界二酸化炭素処理を行なわない部分以外は、実施例1と同様の織物を作成した。
実施例および比較例の織物評価を表1に示す。
【0021】
【表1】
【0022】
【発明の効果】
本発明におけるポリエステル高配向未延伸糸と延伸糸との混繊糸を用いた繊維製品への超臨界流体または亜臨界流体での処理はポリエステル高配向未延伸糸の収縮能を抑制すると共に、自己伸長性を与える作用効果がある。ポリエステル高配向未延伸糸と延伸糸との混繊糸にこの処理を行うことにより、従来行っていたポリエステル高配向未延伸糸への、延撚、延伸仮撚、弛緩熱処理等の工程を削減できるだけでなく、ソフトでふくらみのある独特の風合いを有した製品を低コストでかつ効率的に得ることが可能である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a treatment method for economically and efficiently obtaining a woven or knitted article having excellent texture, softness and swelling, which is composed of a blended yarn of polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn and drawn yarn. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
Polyester fibers have many excellent features and therefore have a very wide range of uses as synthetic fibers. Many products made of these polyester fibers have been given various functions and textures in processes such as spinning, drawing, processing, weight loss, and dyeing. Among them, many products are desired from the consumer side that are soft and swelled, and products that have a new texture not found in conventional natural fibers. As one of the methods for producing these products having bulges, a method using a different shrinkage mixed yarn obtained by mixing raw yarns having different shrinkage rates has become the mainstream. However, with this method, the binding force at the time of contraction is large and a sufficient yarn length difference does not occur, so that a target texture has not been obtained.
[0003]
As for self-stretching yarns, a yarn obtained by spinning and stretching a polyethylene terephthalate polymer is subjected to shrinkage treatment (Japanese Examined Patent Publication Nos. 41-1205 and 43-28262), or a polyester unstretched yarn is subjected to shrink heat treatment. Stretching (Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 46-3372, Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 63-372), Relaxing heat treatment of polyester semi-stretched yarn (Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 2-293410), blending polyester multifilament partially oriented unstretched yarn with other multifilaments There is a method of carrying out fiber heat treatment and then relaxation heat treatment (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-299430). However, in addition to the conventional process for producing a finished yarn, it takes time and effort for yarn processing such as drawing and heat treatment. Both are desired to be improved.
[0004]
Polyester highly oriented unstretched yarns have advantages such as high productivity and good dyeability, but they themselves have low strength and high shrinkage. It is necessary to perform heat treatment such as heat treatment to reduce the shrinkage rate and facilitate handling. There is a method for obtaining a dyed finished yarn by dyeing and drawing an undrawn yarn or a highly oriented undrawn yarn with an organic compound and a dye having shrinkage suppression at the yarn stage (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-24526, JP In this method, the stretching process cannot be reduced, and the efficiency in terms of economy and work is not improved. In addition, this method only improves the dyeability and the like, and does not provide the texture characteristics such as bulge.
[0005]
The present invention overcomes the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and provides an excellent texture, soft and swelled fiber product economically and efficiently using a blended yarn of polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn and drawn yarn as a material. The purpose is to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have processed a fiber product composed of a mixed yarn of a polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn and a drawn yarn with a supercritical fluid or a similar fluid. Thus, the present inventors have found that it is possible to economically and efficiently provide a textile product that is soft and swelled and has an excellent texture.
That is, this invention consists of the following structures.
1. Polyester highly oriented unstretched yarn A having a birefringence of 30 × 10 −3 or more, 60 × 10 −3 or less, a specific gravity of 1.34 g / cm 3 or more and 1.36 g / cm 3 or less, and a boiling water shrinkage of 10% A method for treating a knitted or knitted fabric, comprising treating a woven or knitted fabric having at least a part of a mixed yarn with the drawn polyester yarn B as described above with a supercritical fluid or a subcritical fluid.
2. The method for producing a polyester woven or knitted fabric according to the first aspect, wherein a main component of the supercritical fluid or subcritical fluid is carbon dioxide.
3. The method for treating a knitted or knitted fabric according to the above item 1 or 2, wherein the treatment temperature in the supercritical fluid or subcritical fluid is 20 ° C or higher and 100 ° C or lower.
4). The method for producing a polyester woven or knitted fabric according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the treatment pressure in the supercritical fluid or subcritical fluid is 7 MPa or more and 25 MPa or less.
[0007]
The polyester in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a fiber-forming polyester. For example, terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid is used as the main carboxylic acid component, and ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, or tetramethylene. The main component is a linear polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene isophthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, or polyethylene 2,6-naphthalate containing glycol as a main glycol component, and polyethylene terephthalate is particularly preferable.
[0008]
Depending on the application, these compounds may be copolymerized with functional compounds such as flame retardancy, dyeability and antistatic properties, or may contain additives such as dull agents and inorganic particles.
[0009]
Here, the polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn has a birefringence (hereinafter referred to as Δn) of 30 × 10 −3 or more and 60 × 10 −3 or less and a specific gravity of 1.34 g / cm 3 or more and 1 as a characteristic of the fiber. .36 g / cm 3 or less.
[0010]
The value of Δn here is obtained from the retardation and fiber diameter obtained by measuring the retardation with a deflection microscope equipped with a Berek compensator.
[0011]
As the specific gravity, an average value of n = 3 measured at 30 ° C. with a density gradient tube composed of a mixed solution of calcium nitrate tetrahydrate and pure water was used.
[0012]
When the Δn is less than 30 × 10 −3 , the crystallization is insufficient during the treatment in the supercritical fluid, the shrinkage is large, and the extensibility cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if it exceeds 60 × 10 −3 , the orientation crystallization is large and the elongation cannot be obtained. Therefore, it is preferably 30 × 10 −3 or more and 60 × 10 −3 or less, and more preferably in the range of 40 × 10 −3 to 50 × 10 −3 .
[0013]
On the other hand, if the specific gravity is less than 1.34 g / cm 3 , the crystallization is insufficient during the treatment in the supercritical fluid, the shrinkage is large, and the extensibility cannot be obtained. On the other hand , if it exceeds 1.36 g / cm 3 , the orientation crystallization is large and the elongation cannot be obtained.
[0014]
The feature of the drawn polyester yarn is that the boiling water shrinkage is 10% or more.
For boiling water shrinkage, a load corresponding to fineness (dtex) x 1 / 33.3 g was applied, a length of 50.0 cm of the original yarn was previously marked, wrapped in gauze, and then immersed in boiling water for 30 minutes. After air drying, the same load was applied to measure the length (L) between the marks, and the following formula was calculated.
Boiling water shrinkage (%) = (50 −) / 50 × 100
When the shrinkage rate is less than 10%, shrinkage does not occur and the bulkiness is low due to insufficient yarn length difference.
[0015]
In the present invention, the supercritical fluid refers to a fluid under temperature and pressure exceeding the critical temperature and critical pressure. This state cannot be said to belong to either the gas phase or the liquid phase, and has the same mobility as that of the gas even though the density is similar to that of the liquid. For this reason, supercritical fluids have the advantage of plasticizing polyester that has penetrated the details of the fiber structure.
Unlike the conventional plasticizer or the like, the penetration of the supercritical fluid and the resulting plasticization have the effect of penetrating into the polyester crystal and plasticizing the crystal itself. Further, the polyester treated with this supercritical fluid maintains its structure to some extent even after the treatment, and maintains a plasticized state. Carbon dioxide has a critical temperature of 31.1 ° C. and a critical pressure of 7.2 MPa.
Further, the fluid in the subcritical state as used in the present invention means a fluid having an effect of plasticizing polyester. The fluid in the subcritical state refers to a fluid having a critical temperature or a critical pressure or higher, and is particularly preferably a fluid having a critical pressure or higher. Since the fluid in the high pressure state penetrates into the details of the fiber structure as in the supercritical state and plasticizes the polyester, it has the same action as the supercritical state in the present invention.
[0016]
Carbon dioxide is preferred as the main component of the supercritical or subcritical fluid in the present invention. Carbon dioxide changes from a relatively low temperature and low pressure to a supercritical state, is easy to handle as a supercritical fluid, and is basically inactive, so that it does not react with the polyester being processed, and is easy to process.
The treatment pressure is preferably 7 MPa or more and 25 MPa or less, more preferably 15 MPa or more and 20 MPa or less. If the processing pressure is too low, the outer layer cannot be relaxed, which is not preferable. From the viewpoint of promoting relaxation of the outer layer, a higher processing pressure is preferable. However, from the viewpoint of the capability or cost of the apparatus, if it substantially exceeds 25 MPa, it is difficult to manufacture and is not practical.
[0017]
The treatment temperature of the polyester woven or knitted fabric with the supercritical or subcritical fluid in the present invention is 20 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, more preferably 20 ° C. or higher and 80 ° C. or lower.
If the treatment temperature is too low, the fiber outer layer cannot be relaxed, which is not preferable.
It has not been fully clarified whether the shrinkage ability of the polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn is suppressed when the woven or knitted fabric is processed in a supercritical fluid, and self-extension occurs.
However, it is presumed that, due to the plasticizing effect of the supercritical fluid, the amorphous portion of the highly oriented polyester unstretched yarn relaxes to suppress the shrinkage, and the oriented crystal grows, so that self-elongation appears.
[0018]
These treatments can be performed alone, but can be performed simultaneously with the refining step, the dyeing step, and the like.
In addition, the product processed by the supercritical fluid by the above method is stable at the time of processing, and no problem occurs even if the steps such as scouring, setting, weight loss, and dyeing are performed thereafter.
[0019]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Example 1
Δn = 30 × 10 −3 , high-oriented polyethylene terephthalate undrawn yarn having a round cross section with a specific gravity of 1.35 g / cm 3 and polyethylene terephthalate drawn yarn having a boiling water shrinkage of 13% are entangled with a fluid entangled mixture. The resulting blended yarn was twisted at 300 times / m and dried with glue (70 ° C.), and this was used as a warp. The weft was a polyester of 60 denier 36 filaments and 2500 times / m. Using a S twisted yarn and a Z twisted yarn to which a twist was imparted, a plain fabric was made by alternately driving two of these.
The obtained woven fabric was treated with supercritical carbon dioxide at a temperature of 40 ° C. and a pressure of 20 MPa for 10 minutes.
The obtained product was judged for softness, bulge degree and novelty of texture by three dyeing engineers with long experience in texture evaluation of polyester fabrics.
At the same time, the polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn constituting the woven fabric was put into a supercritical carbon dioxide treated layer, and the elongation was measured by the following method. Apply a load equivalent to d (denier) x 1/30 g, mark the length of the original yarn 50.0 cm in advance, put it in the treated layer together with the fabric sample, add the same load after the treatment and mark The length (W) between was measured.
Elongation rate (%) = 100 × (W−50) / 50.
[0020]
(Comparative Example 1)
A woven fabric similar to that in Example 1 was prepared except for a portion where the supercritical carbon dioxide treatment was not performed.
Table 1 shows the fabric evaluation of the examples and comparative examples.
[0021]
[Table 1]
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, the treatment with a supercritical fluid or a subcritical fluid on a fiber product using a blended yarn of a polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn and a drawn yarn suppresses the shrinkage ability of the polyester highly oriented undrawn yarn, Has the effect of imparting extensibility. By performing this treatment on the mixed yarn of polyester highly oriented unstretched yarn and stretched yarn, it is possible to reduce processes such as conventional twisting, stretching false twisting, and relaxation heat treatment to polyester highly oriented unstretched yarn. In addition, it is possible to efficiently obtain a product having a soft and swelled unique texture at low cost.
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| JP2002034276A JP3944769B2 (en) | 2002-02-12 | 2002-02-12 | Weaving and knitting processing method |
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