JP3947261B2 - Low flammability polyamide molding material - Google Patents
Low flammability polyamide molding material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3947261B2 JP3947261B2 JP04195997A JP4195997A JP3947261B2 JP 3947261 B2 JP3947261 B2 JP 3947261B2 JP 04195997 A JP04195997 A JP 04195997A JP 4195997 A JP4195997 A JP 4195997A JP 3947261 B2 JP3947261 B2 JP 3947261B2
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- Prior art keywords
- molding material
- phosphinate
- diphosphinate
- polyamide
- acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/49—Phosphorus-containing compounds
- C08K5/51—Phosphorus bound to oxygen
- C08K5/53—Phosphorus bound to oxygen bound to oxygen and to carbon only
- C08K5/5313—Phosphinic compounds, e.g. R2=P(:O)OR'
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/34—Electrical apparatus, e.g. sparking plugs or parts thereof
- B29L2031/3493—Moulded interconnect devices, i.e. moulded articles provided with integrated circuit traces
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はカルシウムまたはアルミニウムホスフィン酸塩を含む低燃焼性ポリアミド成形材料に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ポリマーは、それにリン化合物およびハロゲン化合物を加えることによりしばしば難燃性をしめす。数種のポリマーは高温、例えば250℃またはそれ以上の温度で加工される。この理由のために、多くの既知の難燃剤はポリマーに不適当である。なぜならそれらは、このような高温においては過度に揮発性及び分解性である。
【0003】
ホスフィン酸のアルカリ金属塩は熱安定性があり、ポリアミド成形材料への難燃性添加剤としての使用をすでに提案されてきた(ドイツ特許DE-A1-2447727)。ところがそれらは腐食をもたらす傾向にある。同様に、使用されてきた亜鉛塩は、その難燃効果については十分に満足できるものではない。低燃焼性ポリアミドは、また、ホスフィン酸を、メラミン、ジシアンジアミドまたはグアニジンのような窒素塩基と共に用いることによっても生産できる(ドイツ特許DE-A1-2827867)。ポリマー性の金属ホスフィン酸塩は、ホスフィン酸塩の更に大きなクラスである。それらは非イオン性の配位錯体であり、有機溶媒に可溶である。それらはポリアミド用の難燃剤としても使うことができる(米国特許4208321)。これらの欠点は、これらの金属ホスフィン酸塩ポリマーの工業的生産が一般的に困難であることである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
驚くべきことに、ホスフィン酸またはジホスフィン酸のカルシウムおよびアルミニウム塩が、ポリアミド製プラスチックにおいてすぐれた難燃性を発揮するのに対し、同じホスフィン酸またはジホスフィン酸の他の金属塩では不十分な難燃性しか示さないということが見出された。
【0005】
本発明は、したがって、ポリアミド、及び、金属カルシウムまたはアルミニウムのホスフィン酸塩またはジホスフィン酸塩を含む成形材料を提供するものである。
【0006】
本発明は、さらに、ポリアミド、および、式(I)のホスフィン酸塩および/または式(II)のジホスフィン酸塩:
【化2】
(式中、R1およびR2はそれぞれ直鎖あるいは分岐鎖のC1〜C16アルキル、好ましくはC1〜C8アルキル、例えばメチル、エチル、n-プロピル、イソプロピル、n-ブチル、tert-ブチル、n-ペンチル、n-オクチル、フェニルであり;
R3は直鎖あるいは分岐鎖のC1〜C10のアルキレン、例えばメチレン、エチレン、n-プロピレン、イソプロピレン、n-ブチレン、tert-ブチレン、n-ペンチレン、n-オクチレン、n-ドデシレン;アリーレン、例えばフェニレン、ナフチレン;アルキルアリーレン、例えばメチルフェニレン、エチルフェニレン、tert-ブチルフェニレン、メチルナフチレン、エチルナフチレン、tert-ブチルナフチレン;アリールアルキレン、例えばフェニルメチレン、フェニルエチレン、フェニルプロピレン、フェニルブチレンであり;
Mはカルシウムまたはアルミニウムイオンであり;
mは2または3であり;
nは1または3であり;
xは1または2である)
および/またはそれらのポリマーを含む成形材料を提供するものである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
ポリアミドはポリマー鎖にの必須部分として繰り返しアミド基をもつポリマーである。本発明の目的のために使用できるポリアミドは 例えば、“Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry”, Barbara Elvers編、A21巻、「ポリアミド」の章(p179-205)、VCH、Weinheim-Basel-Cambridge-New York 1992年に記載されており、これを本明細書の一部としてここに引用する。特に適当なポリアミドはナイロン6およびナイロン66である。ポリアミドとポリアミド化合物は,以下においてポリマーと称する。
【0008】
本明細書において、“ホスフィン酸塩”という用語は、ホスフィン酸およびジホスフィン酸のカルシウムおよびアルミニウム塩およびそのポリマーを示す。
【0009】
本発明のホスフィン酸塩は、水性媒体中で調製され、本質的にモノマー化合物である。反応条件に依存して、ある状況下においてはポリマーホスフィン酸塩を形成することもできる。
【0010】
本発明のホスフィン酸塩の部分を形成するのに適当なホスフィン酸は、例えば、イソブチルメチルホスフィン酸、オクチルメチルホスフィン酸、ジメチルホスフィン酸、エチルメチルホスフィン酸、ジエチルホスフィン酸、メチル-n-プロピルホスフィン酸、メタン-1,2-ジ(メチルホスフィン酸)、エタン-1,2-(ジメチルホスフィン酸)、ヘキサン-1,6-ジ(メチルホスフィン酸)、ベンゼン-1,4-(ジメチルホスフィン酸)、メチルフェニルホスフィン酸、ジフェニルホスフィン酸である。
【0011】
ホスフィン酸塩は、既知の方法により、ホスフィン酸を、問題の金属の金属炭酸塩、金属水酸化物あるいは金属酸化物と水溶液中で反応させることにより製造できる。
【0012】
ポリマーに加えるホスフィン酸塩の量は広範囲で変えることができる。一般的に、ポリマーを基準として5〜35重量%、好ましくは10〜25重量%、特に好ましくは15〜20重量%のホスフィン酸塩が使われる。もっとも適切なホスフィン酸塩の量は、ポリマーの性質および用いられるホスフィン酸塩の性質に依存し、実験によって容易に確かめることができる。
【0013】
ホスフィン酸塩は、用いられるポリマーの性質および要求される特性により種々の物理的形態で使用できる。例えば、ホスフィン酸塩は、ポリマー内におけるよりよい分散を達成するために、微細形態に粉砕することができる。所望ならば、種々のホスフィン酸塩の混合物を使用することも可能である。
【0014】
ホスフィン酸塩は熱的に安定であり、加工している間にポリマーを分解することがなく、ポリアミド成形材料の製造工程に影響を与えない。ホスフィン酸塩は、ポリマーの製造または加工条件下で揮発性ではない。
【0015】
塩及びポリマーを混合することによりホスフィン酸塩をポリマー中に含ませ、次に、配合器(例えば、二軸スクリュー押出機)内でポリマーを溶融し、ポリマー溶融物中でホスフィン酸塩を均質化することができる。溶解物を押出し、冷却し、粒状化することができる。ホスフィン酸塩は、また、配合器中に直接計量することができる。
【0016】
同様に、加工された粒状のポリアミド中に難燃剤を混合して、射出成形機で直接混合物を加工し、または押出機内で混合物を溶融し、粗砕し、乾燥後加工することが可能である。
【0017】
ホスフィン酸塩は、また、ポリアミド製造工程中に加えることもできる。
【0018】
ホスフィン酸塩だけでなく、ポリマーに、グラスファイバー、ガラスボールまたは白亜などの無機物のような充填剤及び強化剤を加えることもできる。更に、その製品は、安定剤、潤滑剤、着色料、充填剤、成核剤または帯電防止剤のような他の添加剤を含んでいてもよい。
【0019】
ポリアミド、金属カルシウムまたはアルミニウムのホスフィン酸塩またはジホスフィン酸塩、およびグラスファイバーを含む成形材料が特に好ましい。本発明によるグラスファイバー強化成形材料は、とりわけ好ましい難燃特性を示す。
【0020】
ホスフィン酸塩を含むポリアミドは、例えば耐燃性工業部品の製造とりわけ電気設備の構造部品、機械の機械的伝導部品および大型コンピューターの構成部品の製造に有用である。
【0021】
ここで、カルシウムおよびアルミニウムホスフィン酸塩を用いて難燃性としたポリアミド成形材料が、高いトラッキング電流抵抗(比較トラッキング指数、CTI)を有することが見出された。ポリアミド成形材料は、次のような用途に大変有用である:コイル巻型、変圧器、継電器、スイッチ、プラグコネクター、モーターおよびモーター部品(ローター、ベアリング板など)のような電気部品;成形インターコネクター装置(MID)、基板(例えばSIMM基板;電気機械部品および家庭用電気器具の機械部品、例えば歯車、レバー、カム軸、スペーサー、蝶番、スライディングベアリング、電気部品および電気設備のハウジング、カバー及び外装又は被覆材料、例えばコンデンサーのハウジング、継電器のハウジング、コンデンサーのカバー、ケーブル外装、成形物品。
【0022】
これらの用途の例は、好ましくは射出成形によって製造されるが、場合によっては押出や加圧成形によっても作ることができる。
【0023】
難燃性成分だけでなく、ポリアミド成形材料は、グラスファイバー、ガラスボール、ガラスフレーク、滑石、雲母、ケイ灰石、白亜のような無機物、カーボンブラック、色素、安定剤、潤滑剤及び成形品取出助剤、可塑剤並びに他の一般的な添加剤を含むことができる。
【0024】
【実施例】
実施例1
ホスフィン酸塩の製造
(実施例1.1)
エチルメチルホスフィン酸カルシウム塩の製造
3 Lの水に1630g(15.1mol)のエチルメチルホスフィン酸を溶解し、422.8g(7.55 mol)の酸化カルシウム(生石灰)を激しく撹拌しながら1.5時間かけて少しずつ加え、それから温度を75℃に上昇させた。次に、この溶液中に入れたpH電極がpH=7を示すまで酸化カルシウムをさらに加えた。次に、少量の活性炭を加え、混合物を還流下で1.5時間撹拌した後、ろ過した。ろ液を蒸発乾固して、恒量になるまで真空乾燥器中120℃で乾燥した。これによって、300℃以下の融点を持たない1920gの白色粉末が得られた。収率は理論量の100%であった。
【0025】
(実施例1.2)
エチルメチルホスフィン酸アルミニウム塩の製造
6.5 Lの水に2106g(19.5mol)のエチルメチルホスフィン酸を溶解し、507g(6.5mol)の水酸化アルミニウムを、激しく撹拌しながら、85℃に加熱しながら加えた。全体として、混合物を80-90℃で65時間撹拌し、次に、60℃に冷却し、吸引ろ過した。恒量になるまで真空乾燥器中120℃で乾燥し、300℃以下の融点を持たない微粒状粉末2140gを得た。収率は理論量の95%であった。
【0026】
(実施例1.3)
エタン-1、2-ビスメチルホスフィン酸カルシウム塩の製造
500 mLの水に325.5g(1.75mol)のエタン-1,2-ビスメチルホスフィン酸を溶解し、129.5g(1.75mol)の水酸化カルシウムを、激しく撹拌しながら1時間かけて少しずつ加えた。次に、90〜95℃で混合物を数時間撹拌し、冷却し、吸引ろ過した。乾燥器中150℃で乾燥すると、380℃以下の融点を持たない335gの生成物を得た。収率は理論量の85%であった。
【0027】
(実施例1.4)
エタン-1,2-ビスメチルホスフィン酸アルミニウム塩の製造
600 mLの水に334.8g(1.8mol)のエタン-1,2-ビスメチルホスフィン酸を溶解し、93.6g(1.2 mol)の水酸化アルミニウムを、激しく撹拌しながら1時間かけて少しずつ加えた。次に、混合物を24時間還流し、続いて吸引熱ろ過し、ろ過残さを水で洗浄した。乾燥し、380℃以下の融点を持たない364gの白色粉末を得た。収率は理論量の100%であった。
【0028】
(実施例1.5)
メチルプロピルホスフィン酸カルシウム塩の製造
600 mLの水に366g(3.0mol)のメチルプロピルホスフィン酸を溶解し、84g(1.5mol)の酸化カルシウムを、激しく撹拌しながら少しずつ加え、65℃に温度を上昇させた。次に、透明な溶液が形成されるまで、この温度を維持した。次に、溶液を減圧下で蒸発乾固させた。真空乾燥器中120℃で乾燥後の残渣は364 gであった。収率は理論量の約85%であった。
【0029】
(実施例1.6)
メチルプロピルホスフィン酸アルミニウム塩の製造
310gの水に115g(0.943 mol)のメチルプロピルホスフィン酸を溶解し、24.5g(0.314 mol) の水酸化アルミニウムを加えた。次に、混合物を撹拌下で98℃に23時間保持した。次に、吸引ろ過し、ろ過残さを真空乾燥器中で乾燥し、380℃以下の融点を持たない113gの白色粉末を得た。収率は理論量の90%であった。
【0030】
(実施例1.7)
メチルオクチルホスフィン酸アルミニウム塩の製造
115.2g(0.6 mol)のメチルオクチルホスフィン酸を、250 mlの水と共に60℃に加熱した。次に、15.6g(0.2mol)の水酸化アルミニウムを加え、混合物を絶えず撹拌しながら80℃に加熱した。全体として、バッチを80〜90℃で15時間撹拌し、その時点で吸引ろ過した。乾燥し、360℃以下の融点を持たない115gの白色粉末を得た。収率は理論量の96%であった。
【0031】
実施例2
難燃性ポリアミドの製造および試験
リン化合物をポリマーと混合し、市販の二軸スクリュー配合機で混合した。グラスファイバー補強製品の場合には、市販のグラスファイバーをポリアミド溶融物中に計量した。配合中の溶融物の温度は約265℃であった。
【0032】
試験片をISO 7792-2にしたがって射出成形機で作成した。
【0033】
各々の混合物の試験片を用いて、厚さ1.6 mmおよび1.2 mmの試験片でのUL 94耐火性分類を決定した。
【0034】
UL94分類の判定基準は次のとおりである。
【0035】
V-0:10秒より長い残炎がなく、10箇所の炎の点火で残炎が全体で50秒以上でなく、火炎落下がなく、止め具まで試料の残炎がなく、点火後30秒より長く試料に残光はない。
【0036】
V-1:30秒より長い残炎がなく、10箇所の炎の点火で残炎が全体で250秒以上でなく、点火後60秒より長く試料に残光はなく、他の基準はV-0と同じ。
【0037】
V-2:火炎落下によって綿の表示部が燃焼し、他の基準はV-1と同じ。
【0038】
V-2を超える場合は材料分類のV-2の基準を満足しない。
【0039】
ナイロン66と30重量%のエチルメチルホスフィン酸のカルシウムまたはアルミニウム塩とを用いて、加工安定剤のような更なる添加剤を加えることなく、30重量%のグラスファイバーで強化した化合物を製造し、その化合物を射出成形試験試料として使用した。それらの試験片をUL94耐火性試験に供した。
【0040】
対照として、同濃度のエチルメチルホスフィン酸の亜鉛塩およびグラスファイバーを含む化合物を同様に試験した。
【0041】
結果を次の表にしめす。
【0042】
【表1】
【0043】
エチルメチルホスフィン酸のカルシウムまたはアルミニウム塩の難燃性が、エチルメチルホスフィン酸の亜鉛塩のそれと比較して改善されていることを、表は明確に示している。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a low flammability polyamide molding material containing calcium or aluminum phosphinate.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Polymers often exhibit flame retardancy by adding phosphorus and halogen compounds thereto. Some polymers are processed at high temperatures, for example, 250 ° C. or higher. For this reason, many known flame retardants are unsuitable for polymers. Because they are excessively volatile and degradable at such high temperatures.
[0003]
Alkali metal salts of phosphinic acid are thermally stable and have already been proposed for use as flame retardant additives in polyamide molding materials (German Patent DE-A1-2447727). However, they tend to cause corrosion. Similarly, the zinc salts that have been used are not fully satisfactory for their flame retardant effect. Low flammability polyamides can also be produced by using phosphinic acid with nitrogen bases such as melamine, dicyandiamide or guanidine (DE-A1-2827867). Polymeric metal phosphinates are a larger class of phosphinates. They are nonionic coordination complexes and are soluble in organic solvents. They can also be used as flame retardants for polyamides (US Pat. No. 4,083,321). These drawbacks are that industrial production of these metal phosphinate polymers is generally difficult.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Surprisingly, the calcium and aluminum salts of phosphinic acid or diphosphinic acid exhibit excellent flame retardancy in polyamide plastics, whereas the other phosphinic acid or other metal salts of diphosphinic acid do not have sufficient flame resistance. It has been found that it exhibits only sex.
[0005]
The present invention therefore provides a molding material comprising a polyamide and a phosphinate or diphosphinate of metallic calcium or aluminum.
[0006]
The invention further relates to polyamides and phosphinates of formula (I) and / or diphosphinates of formula (II):
[Chemical 2]
Wherein R 1 and R 2 are each linear or branched C 1 -C 16 alkyl, preferably C 1 -C 8 alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, tert- Butyl, n-pentyl, n-octyl, phenyl;
R 3 is a linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkylene, such as methylene, ethylene, n-propylene, isopropylene, n-butylene, tert-butylene, n-pentylene, n-octylene, n-dodecylene; arylene Alkylphenylenes such as methylphenylene, ethylphenylene, tert-butylphenylene, methylnaphthylene, ethylnaphthylene, tert-butylnaphthylene; arylalkylenes such as phenylmethylene, phenylethylene, phenylpropylene, phenylbutylene;
M is calcium or aluminum ion;
m is 2 or 3;
n is 1 or 3;
x is 1 or 2)
And / or a molding material containing these polymers.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Polyamide is a polymer having repeating amide groups as an essential part of the polymer chain. Polyamides that can be used for the purposes of the present invention are, for example, “Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry”, edited by Barbara Elvers, Volume A21, chapter “Polyamides” (p179-205), VCH, Weinheim-Basel-Cambridge-New York 1992. This is listed in the year and is incorporated herein as part of this specification. Particularly suitable polyamides are nylon 6 and nylon 66. Polyamide and polyamide compound are hereinafter referred to as polymers.
[0008]
As used herein, the term “phosphinic acid salt” refers to calcium and aluminum salts of phosphinic acid and diphosphinic acid and polymers thereof.
[0009]
The phosphinic acid salts of the present invention are prepared in an aqueous medium and are essentially monomeric compounds. Depending on the reaction conditions, polymer phosphinates can also be formed under certain circumstances.
[0010]
Suitable phosphinic acids for forming the phosphinic acid salt moieties of the present invention are, for example, isobutylmethylphosphinic acid, octylmethylphosphinic acid, dimethylphosphinic acid, ethylmethylphosphinic acid, diethylphosphinic acid, methyl-n-propylphosphine Acid, methane-1,2-di (methylphosphinic acid), ethane-1,2- (dimethylphosphinic acid), hexane-1,6-di (methylphosphinic acid), benzene-1,4- (dimethylphosphinic acid) ), Methylphenylphosphinic acid, and diphenylphosphinic acid.
[0011]
The phosphinic acid salt can be produced by reacting phosphinic acid with a metal carbonate, metal hydroxide or metal oxide of the metal in question in an aqueous solution by a known method.
[0012]
The amount of phosphinate added to the polymer can vary widely. In general, from 5 to 35% by weight, preferably from 10 to 25% by weight, particularly preferably from 15 to 20% by weight, of phosphinic acid salts are used, based on the polymer. The most appropriate amount of phosphinate depends on the nature of the polymer and the nature of the phosphinate used and can be easily ascertained by experimentation.
[0013]
Phosphinates can be used in various physical forms depending on the nature of the polymer used and the required properties. For example, phosphinates can be ground to a fine form to achieve better dispersion within the polymer. If desired, it is also possible to use mixtures of various phosphinic acid salts.
[0014]
Phosphinates are thermally stable, do not decompose the polymer during processing, and do not affect the manufacturing process of the polyamide molding material. Phosphinates are not volatile under polymer manufacturing or processing conditions.
[0015]
The phosphinate is included in the polymer by mixing the salt and polymer, then the polymer is melted in a blender (eg, twin screw extruder) and the phosphinate is homogenized in the polymer melt. can do. The melt can be extruded, cooled and granulated. The phosphinate can also be metered directly into the blender.
[0016]
Similarly, it is possible to mix the flame retardant in the processed granular polyamide and process the mixture directly in an injection molding machine, or melt the mixture in an extruder, crush, and process after drying. .
[0017]
The phosphinic acid salt can also be added during the polyamide manufacturing process.
[0018]
In addition to phosphinates, fillers and reinforcing agents such as minerals such as glass fibers, glass balls or chalk can be added to the polymer. In addition, the product may contain other additives such as stabilizers, lubricants, colorants, fillers, nucleating agents or antistatic agents.
[0019]
Particular preference is given to molding materials comprising polyamides, metal calcium or aluminum phosphinates or diphosphinates and glass fibers. The glass fiber reinforced molding material according to the invention exhibits particularly favorable flame retardant properties.
[0020]
Polyamides containing phosphinates are useful, for example, in the production of flame-resistant industrial parts, in particular in the construction of electrical equipment structural parts, mechanical mechanical conduction parts of machines and components of large computers.
[0021]
Here, it has been found that polyamide molding materials made flame retardant using calcium and aluminum phosphinates have a high tracking current resistance (comparative tracking index, CTI). Polyamide molding materials are very useful for applications such as: coil windings, transformers, relays, switches, plug connectors, electrical components such as motors and motor components (rotors, bearing plates, etc.); molded interconnectors Equipment (MID), board (eg SIMM board; electromechanical parts and mechanical parts of household appliances, eg gears, levers, camshafts, spacers, hinges, sliding bearings, electrical parts and housings of electrical equipment, covers and sheaths or Coating materials such as capacitor housings, relay housings, capacitor covers, cable jackets, molded articles.
[0022]
Examples of these applications are preferably manufactured by injection molding, but in some cases can also be made by extrusion or pressure molding.
[0023]
In addition to flame retardant components, polyamide molding materials can be extracted from minerals such as glass fiber, glass balls, glass flakes, talc, mica, wollastonite, chalk, carbon black, pigments, stabilizers, lubricants and molded products. Auxiliaries, plasticizers as well as other common additives can be included.
[0024]
【Example】
Example 1
Production of phosphinate (Example 1.1)
Production of calcium ethylmethylphosphinate
Dissolve 1630 g (15.1 mol) of ethylmethylphosphinic acid in 3 L of water and add 422.8 g (7.55 mol) of calcium oxide (quick lime) little by little over 1.5 hours with vigorous stirring, then bring the temperature to 75 ° C. Raised. Next, further calcium oxide was added until the pH electrode in the solution showed pH = 7. Next, a small amount of activated carbon was added, and the mixture was stirred under reflux for 1.5 hours and then filtered. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness and dried at 120 ° C. in a vacuum dryer until constant weight. Thereby, 1920 g of white powder having no melting point of 300 ° C. or less was obtained. The yield was 100% of the theoretical amount.
[0025]
(Example 1.2)
Production of aluminum ethylmethylphosphinate
2106 g (19.5 mol) of ethylmethylphosphinic acid was dissolved in 6.5 L of water, and 507 g (6.5 mol) of aluminum hydroxide was added while heating to 85 ° C. with vigorous stirring. Overall, the mixture was stirred at 80-90 ° C. for 65 hours, then cooled to 60 ° C. and suction filtered. It dried at 120 degreeC in the vacuum dryer until it became constant weight, and 2140g of fine granular powder which does not have 300 degreeC or less melting | fusing point was obtained. The yield was 95% of the theoretical amount.
[0026]
(Example 1.3)
Production of ethane-1,2-bismethylphosphinic acid calcium salt
325.5 g (1.75 mol) ethane-1,2-bismethylphosphinic acid was dissolved in 500 mL water, and 129.5 g (1.75 mol) calcium hydroxide was added little by little over 1 hour with vigorous stirring. . The mixture was then stirred at 90-95 ° C. for several hours, cooled and filtered with suction. When dried at 150 ° C. in a dryer, 335 g of product having no melting point below 380 ° C. was obtained. The yield was 85% of theory.
[0027]
(Example 1.4)
Production of ethane-1,2-bismethylphosphinic acid aluminum salt
334.8 g (1.8 mol) of ethane-1,2-bismethylphosphinic acid was dissolved in 600 mL of water, and 93.6 g (1.2 mol) of aluminum hydroxide was added little by little over 1 hour with vigorous stirring. . Next, the mixture was refluxed for 24 hours, followed by suction hot filtration, and the filter residue was washed with water. It was dried to obtain 364 g of white powder having no melting point of 380 ° C. or less. The yield was 100% of the theoretical amount.
[0028]
(Example 1.5)
Production of calcium methylpropylphosphinate
366 g (3.0 mol) of methylpropylphosphinic acid was dissolved in 600 mL of water, and 84 g (1.5 mol) of calcium oxide was added little by little with vigorous stirring, and the temperature was raised to 65 ° C. This temperature was then maintained until a clear solution was formed. The solution was then evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The residue after drying at 120 ° C. in a vacuum dryer was 364 g. The yield was about 85% of the theoretical amount.
[0029]
(Example 1.6)
Production of aluminum methylpropylphosphinate
115 g (0.943 mol) of methylpropylphosphinic acid was dissolved in 310 g of water, and 24.5 g (0.314 mol) of aluminum hydroxide was added. The mixture was then held at 98 ° C. with stirring for 23 hours. Next, suction filtration was performed, and the filtration residue was dried in a vacuum dryer to obtain 113 g of white powder having no melting point of 380 ° C. or lower. The yield was 90% of theory.
[0030]
(Example 1.7)
Production of aluminum salt of methyloctylphosphinic acid
115.2 g (0.6 mol) of methyloctylphosphinic acid was heated to 60 ° C. with 250 ml of water. Next, 15.6 g (0.2 mol) of aluminum hydroxide was added and the mixture was heated to 80 ° C. with constant stirring. Overall, the batch was stirred at 80-90 ° C. for 15 hours, at which point it was suction filtered. It was dried to obtain 115 g of white powder having no melting point of 360 ° C. or less. The yield was 96% of theory.
[0031]
Example 2
Preparation of flame retardant polyamide and test Phosphorus compounds were mixed with the polymer and mixed in a commercial twin screw compounder. In the case of glass fiber reinforced products, commercially available glass fibers were weighed into the polyamide melt. The temperature of the melt during compounding was about 265 ° C.
[0032]
Test specimens were made on an injection molding machine according to ISO 7792-2.
[0033]
The specimens of each mixture were used to determine UL 94 fire resistance classification on 1.6 mm and 1.2 mm thick specimens.
[0034]
The criteria for UL94 classification are as follows.
[0035]
V-0: There is no after flame longer than 10 seconds, and after 10 ignitions, the after flame is not more than 50 seconds in total, there is no flame fall, there is no after flame of the sample to the stop, 30 seconds after ignition There is no afterglow in the sample longer.
[0036]
V-1: There is no afterflame longer than 30 seconds, and after the ignition of 10 flames, the afterflame is not more than 250 seconds in total, the sample has no afterglow longer than 60 seconds after ignition, and other criteria are V- Same as 0.
[0037]
V-2: The display part of cotton burns by the flame falling, and other standards are the same as V-1.
[0038]
If V-2 is exceeded, the material classification V-2 standard is not satisfied.
[0039]
Using nylon 66 and 30% by weight of calcium or aluminum salt of ethylmethylphosphinic acid to produce a compound reinforced with 30% by weight glass fiber without the addition of further additives such as processing stabilizers, The compound was used as an injection molding test sample. These test pieces were subjected to UL94 fire resistance test.
[0040]
As a control, compounds containing the same concentrations of ethyl methylphosphinic acid zinc salt and glass fiber were tested in the same manner.
[0041]
The results are shown in the following table.
[0042]
[Table 1]
[0043]
The table clearly shows that the flame retardancy of the calcium or aluminum salt of ethylmethylphosphinic acid is improved compared to that of the zinc salt of ethylmethylphosphinic acid.
Claims (19)
R3は直鎖あるいは分岐鎖のC1〜C10アルキレン、アリーレン、アルキルアリーレン、またはアリールアルキレン;
Mはカルシウムまたはアルミニウムイオンであり;
mは2または3であり;
nは1または3であり;
xは1または2である)Molding material comprising polyamide and phosphinate of formula (I) and / or diphosphinate of formula (II)
R 3 is a linear or branched C 1 -C 10 alkylene, arylene, alkylarylene, or arylalkylene;
M is calcium or aluminum ion;
m is 2 or 3;
n is 1 or 3;
x is 1 or 2)
R3は、メチレン、エチレン、n-プロピレン、イソプロピレン、n-ブチレン、tert-ブチレン、n-ペンチレン、n-オクチレン、n-ドデシレン、フェニレン、ナフチレン;メチルフェニレン、エチルフェニレン、tert-ブチルフェニレン、メチルナフチレン、エチルナフチレン、tert-ブチルナフチレン、フェニルメチレン、フェニルエチレン、フェニルプロピレン、フェニルブチレン、からなるグループから選択される、請求項1に記載の成形材料。Wherein R 1 and R 2 are the same or different C 1 -C 8 alkyl, and
R 3 is methylene, ethylene, n-propylene, isopropylene, n-butylene, tert-butylene, n-pentylene, n-octylene, n-dodecylene, phenylene, naphthylene; methylphenylene, ethylphenylene, tert-butylphenylene, The molding material according to claim 1, which is selected from the group consisting of methylnaphthylene, ethylnaphthylene, tert-butylnaphthylene, phenylmethylene, phenylethylene, phenylpropylene, and phenylbutylene.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19607635A DE19607635A1 (en) | 1996-02-29 | 1996-02-29 | Flame retardant polyamide molding compounds |
| DE19607635.8 | 1996-02-29 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JPH09235465A JPH09235465A (en) | 1997-09-09 |
| JP3947261B2 true JP3947261B2 (en) | 2007-07-18 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP04195997A Expired - Lifetime JP3947261B2 (en) | 1996-02-29 | 1997-02-26 | Low flammability polyamide molding material |
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|---|---|
| US (1) | US5773556A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0792912B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3947261B2 (en) |
| DE (2) | DE19607635A1 (en) |
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| DE2447727A1 (en) * | 1974-10-07 | 1976-04-08 | Hoechst Ag | FLAME RESISTANT POLYAMIDE MOLDING COMPOUNDS |
| JPS5147035A (en) * | 1974-10-22 | 1976-04-22 | Teijin Ltd | NANNENSEINETSU KASOSEIJUSHISOSEIBUTSU |
| US4049612A (en) * | 1975-11-28 | 1977-09-20 | Pennwalt Corporation | Metal phosphinates as smoke retardants for polyvinyl halides |
| US4078016A (en) * | 1976-05-17 | 1978-03-07 | Celanese Corporation | Halogenated aromatic polymer/metal phosphinate polymer flame retardant composition |
| US4208322A (en) * | 1978-04-13 | 1980-06-17 | Pennwalt Corporation | Polyester-polyamide resins flame retarded by poly(metal phosphinate)s |
| US4180495A (en) * | 1978-04-13 | 1979-12-25 | Pennwalt Corporation | Polyester resins flame retarded by poly(metal phosphinate)s |
| US4208321A (en) * | 1978-04-13 | 1980-06-17 | Pennwalt Corporation | Polyamide resins flame retarded by poly(metal phosphinate)s |
| DE2827867A1 (en) * | 1978-06-24 | 1980-01-17 | Hoechst Ag | FLAME-RETARDANT THERMOPLASTICS |
-
1996
- 1996-02-29 DE DE19607635A patent/DE19607635A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1997
- 1997-02-03 EP EP97101596A patent/EP0792912B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-03 DE DE59705125T patent/DE59705125D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-26 JP JP04195997A patent/JP3947261B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-02-27 US US08/806,479 patent/US5773556A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102020206281B4 (en) | 2019-05-21 | 2025-02-13 | Asahi Kasei Kabushiki Kaisha | POLYAMIDE COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND MOLDED ARTICLE |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US5773556A (en) | 1998-06-30 |
| DE59705125D1 (en) | 2001-12-06 |
| EP0792912A3 (en) | 1997-10-01 |
| EP0792912B1 (en) | 2001-10-31 |
| EP0792912A2 (en) | 1997-09-03 |
| DE19607635A1 (en) | 1997-09-04 |
| JPH09235465A (en) | 1997-09-09 |
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