JP3947442B2

JP3947442B2 - Wiring structure

Info

Publication number: JP3947442B2
Application number: JP2002244592A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 弘高橋
Original assignee: 日本システム株式会社
Priority date: 2002-08-26
Filing date: 2002-08-26
Publication date: 2007-07-18
Anticipated expiration: 2022-08-26
Also published as: JP2004088867A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、一般住宅やビルその他の建築物（以下「住宅等」という）の各部屋のように電力を必要とする区画に給電するための配線構造に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
コンピュータやその周辺機器或いは家電製品の普及に伴い、住宅等で必要とされる電源の需要が益々増大しているが、住宅等における給電設備の殆どは新築時のままであり、生活水準の向上に伴って増大する電気機器に対し、給電設備の末端に位置する給電口（コンセント）を増設することは容易でないのが現状である。その結果、人が電気機器を購入する度に既設のコンセントから所謂タコ足配線で各電気機器に給電するのが通常である。それでも足りない場合、或いは給電回路の増設が可能な場合は、外の電柱等からの引込線に接続した主分電盤からコンセントが必要な部屋までの配線を増やす工事が行われている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来のタコ足配線には、コンセントを流れる電流がその許容値を越える危険をもたらすという問題がある。一方、主分電盤からの配線の増設は、住宅の状況によっては不可能な場合がある。また、そのような増設その他の工事により、既存の電力ケーブル等の電線による配線を損傷したり切断してしまう場合もあり得るが、従来の配線構造では、損傷或いは切断した電線に接続しているコンセントや電気機器への給電が停止することとなる。
【０００４】
本発明の目的は、住宅等において給電回路の増設が容易にできると共に電線の損傷や断線が生じても電力供給を確保できる配線構造を提供することである。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、外部からの引込線に接続した主分電盤から電力を必要とする区画毎に設けた副分電盤を経由して周回する電線で構成される配線構造であって、主分電盤から最後の副分電盤までを電線で接続して主配線とし、最後の副分電盤から前記主分電盤までは当該最後の副分電盤に接続した電線の主分電盤側を開放した予備配線とし、前記主配線に異常が発生したとき最後の副分電盤に接続した電線の主分電盤側を接続することにより前記予備配線を主配線とすることを特徴とする。
【０００６】
本発明のもう１つの態様は、最後の副分電盤から主分電盤までは電線を省略して非接続の予備配線とし、前記主配線に異常が発生したとき最後の副分電盤と主分電盤との間を電線で接続することにより前記予備配線を主配線とすることを特徴とする。
【０００７】
本発明の実施態様では、主分電盤は一対の送り配線保護用端子を備え、一方の送り配線保護用端子には、複数の副分電盤を周回する電線の入力端を接続し、他方の送り配線保護用端子には、前記主配線に異常が発生したとき最後の副分電盤と主分電盤との間を接続する電線を接続可能に構成される。また、各区画では副分電盤から各種電気機器へ給電する。
【０００８】
【作用及び効果】
本発明によれば、主分電盤から各区画へ給電する電線が各区画毎に設けた副分電盤を周回する構成であるから、副分電盤から各種電気機器への給電が可能である。また、上記主配線のいずれかの箇所で電線の損傷や断線のような異常が発生した場合、その発生箇所から先の電線に接続した副分電盤への給電が止まってしまうが、上記予備配線を通常の配線、即ち主配線とすることにより、給電を回復することができる。
すなわち、第１の発明では、最後の副分電盤に接続した電線の主分電盤側を開放していた予備配線の部分が、最後の副分電盤に接続した電線の主分電盤側を接続するだけで、主分電盤から最後の副分電盤を経由して逆方向に周回する配線での給電が可能な主配線となり、異常が発生した箇所の電線に接続した副分電盤への給電が回復する。
また、第２の発明では、最後の副分電盤から主分電盤まで電線を省略して非接続としていた予備配線の部分が、最後の副分電盤と主分電盤との間を電線で接続さえすれば、同様に主分電盤から最後の副分電盤を経由して逆方向に周回する配線での給電が可能な主配線となる。いずれの発明も、簡単な作業で配線を回復させることができる。
【０００９】
更に、本発明によれば、住宅等の新築時に、主分電盤から各区画を周回する配線（主配線）に容量の大きい電線を使用することにより、将来の電力使用量の増大に容易に対処できる。例えば、上記のように配線した住宅の或る部屋で使用する電気機器を増設する際には、副分電盤の給電口を必要な数だけ増やせばよい。すなわち、従来のようにコンセントの数が足りないか或いは規定の容量を超えてしまう場合でも、主分電盤からその部屋までの配線を増やす工事をする必要がない。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１は、本発明の配線方法によって実現された配線構造の一実施例を示す図である。図示の配線構造は、住宅等において、外部からの引込線１に電力計２及び後続の引込線３を介して接続した主分電盤１０から各部屋等の区画へ給電するための主配線を構成する電線４を、各区画毎に設けた複数（この場合４つ）の副分電盤２０ａ〜２０ｄを順次経由して周回し、最後の副分電盤２０ｄから主分電盤１０までを予備配線としたものである。この予備配線とは、円Ｃで囲んで示すように、最後の副分電盤２０ｄから延びた電線４の端を開放する（すなわち、主分電盤側を非接続状態とする）か、或いは最後の副分電盤２０ｄから主分電盤１０までの電線４を省略する（この区間だけ実際には配線しない）ことである。
【００１１】
この配線構造において、主分電盤１０は、引込線３に接続した主幹漏電ブレーカ１１と、これに接続した単相３線式の主幹バー１２と、この主幹バー１２に接続した複数（例えば６〜８個）の３線式分岐ブレーカ１３と、主幹バー１２の出力端に前記電線４を接続するための一対の送り配線保護用端子１４ａ及び１４ｂとを備えている。ここで、一方の送り配線保護用端子１４ａには、複数の副分電盤２０ａ〜２０ｄに対しこの順番で周回する電線４の入力端を接続し、他方の送り配線保護用端子１４ｂには、前述のように主配線に断線等の異常が生じたとき、上記の予備配線として設けられた電線４を接続するようになっており、この接続により最後の副分電盤２０ｄ側から電力を供給することができる。
【００１２】
上記の主幹漏電ブレーカ１１と分岐ブレーカ１３は、図２に示すように構成されている。すなわち、主幹漏電ブレーカ１１は、単相３線式の引込線３と主幹バー１２とを接続し又は接続を切る３つの並列スイッチ１１Ａ，１１Ｂ，１１Ｃから成り、各スイッチのオン・オフで３ライン（電圧側電線Ｌ1，Ｌ2及び中性線Ｎ）をそれぞれ接続／切断する。
【００１３】
また、分岐ブレーカ１３は、その入力側を主幹バー１２の３線のうちの２本にそれぞれ接続した２つの並列スイッチ１３Ａ，Ｂから成り、その出力側端子は、電気機器に給電する回路に接続される。図２においては、３つの分岐ブレーカ１３ａ，１３ｂ，１３ｃが、各々主幹バー１２の電圧側電線Ｌ1，Ｌ2及び中性線Ｎのうちの異なる２本に接続されている。
【００１４】
一方、複数個の副分電盤２０ａ〜２０ｄは、それぞれ、主配線を構成する３本の電線４を接続する端子台２１と、これに接続した単相３線式の主幹バー２２と、この主幹バー２２に接続した複数（例えば３〜４個）の分岐ブレーカ２３とを備えている。ここで、主幹バー２２及び分岐ブレーカ２３は、それぞれ主分電盤１０の主幹バー１２及び分岐ブレーカ１３と同じ構成を有する。そして、分岐ブレーカ２３の出力側端子は、電気機器に給電する回路に接続される。
【００１５】
端子台２１は、図３に示すように、３本の電線４の途中に割り込んで各電線の端子間を接続する結線構造を有し、その一方の端子側から主幹バー２２を分岐させている。
【００１６】
上記のように構成された配線構造では、主配線が主分電盤１０から各区画毎の副分電盤２０ａ〜２０ｄを順次経由して周回し、最後の副分電盤２０ｄから主分電盤１０までは予備配線となっているので、主分電盤１０から副分電盤２０ａ〜２０ｄを介して、各副分電盤に接続した電気機器に、各ブレーカの許容値に応じた電力を供給することができる。
【００１７】
ここで、前述のように何らかの工事によって主配線を損傷し或いは切断した場合を考える。例えば、図１に×印で示すように、副分電盤２０ｂと２０ｃの間で断線が生じた場合は、その×印の箇所から先の電線４に接続した副分電盤２０ｃ及び２０ｄへの給電が止まってしまう。
【００１８】
このとき、予備配線としていた最後の副分電盤２０ｄと主分電盤１０との間を電線４で接続することにより、主分電盤１０から最後の副分電盤２０ｄを経由して逆方向に周回する配線での給電が可能となる。これにより、異常の発生によって給電が停止した副分電盤２０ｃ及び２０ｄへの給電が回復する。
【００１９】
以上、図示の実施例について説明したが、本発明は上記実施例に限らず、前述の目的を達成する配線構造を実現できるものであればよい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施例を示す配線図。
【図２】主分電盤を構成する主幹漏電ブレーカと分岐ブレーカの例を示す図。
【図３】副分電盤に用いられる端子台の構成を示す図。
【符号の説明】
１…引込線、２…電力計、３…引込線、４…電線、１０…主分電盤、１１…主幹漏電ブレーカ、１２…主幹バー、１３…分岐ブレーカ、２０…副分電盤、２１…端子台、２２…主幹バー、２３…分岐ブレーカ。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a wiring structure for supplying power to a section requiring electric power, such as a room of a general house, a building, or other buildings (hereinafter referred to as “houses”).
[0002]
[Prior art]
With the spread of computers, peripheral equipment and home appliances, the demand for power sources required for homes is increasing. However, most of the power supply facilities in homes remain at the time of new construction, improving the standard of living. In the current situation, it is not easy to add a power supply port (outlet) located at the end of the power supply facility to the electrical equipment that increases with the power supply. As a result, each time a person purchases an electrical device, it is normal to supply power to each electrical device from an existing outlet using so-called octopus wiring. If this is not enough, or if it is possible to add a power supply circuit, work is being carried out to increase the wiring from the main distribution board connected to the lead-in line from the outside utility pole to the room that requires an outlet.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional octopus leg wiring has a problem that the current flowing through the outlet has a risk of exceeding its allowable value. On the other hand, additional wiring from the main distribution board may not be possible depending on the situation of the house. In addition, there is a case where the wiring by the electric wire such as an existing power cable may be damaged or cut due to such an extension or other construction, but in the conventional wiring structure, it is connected to the damaged or cut electric wire. Power supply to outlets and electrical equipment will be stopped.
[0004]
An object of the present invention is to provide a wiring structure capable of easily adding a power supply circuit in a house or the like and ensuring electric power supply even when an electric wire is damaged or disconnected.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is a wiring structure composed of electric wires that circulate via a sub-distribution panel provided for each section that requires electric power from a main distribution panel connected to a lead-in wire from the outside. From the panel to the last sub-distribution panel is connected to the main wiring, and from the last sub-distribution panel to the main distribution panel, the main distribution panel side of the cable connected to the last sub-distribution panel The spare wiring is used as the main wiring by connecting the main distribution board side of the wire connected to the last sub-distribution board when an abnormality occurs in the main wiring. .
[0006]
Another aspect of the present invention is that the wires from the last sub-distribution panel to the main distribution panel are omitted as unconnected spare wiring, and when an abnormality occurs in the main wiring, The spare wiring is made the main wiring by connecting the main distribution board with an electric wire .
[0007]
In an embodiment of the present invention, the main distribution board includes a pair of feed wiring protection terminals, and one feed wiring protection terminal is connected to an input end of an electric wire that circulates a plurality of sub-distribution boards. The feed wiring protection terminal is configured to be connectable with an electric wire connecting between the last sub-distribution panel and the main distribution panel when an abnormality occurs in the main wiring. In each section, power is supplied from the sub-distribution panel to various electrical devices.
[0008]
[Action and effect]
According to the present invention, since the electric power supplied from the main distribution board to each section is configured to circulate the sub distribution board provided for each section, it is possible to supply power from the sub distribution board to various electrical devices. is there. In addition, if an abnormality such as damage or disconnection of a wire occurs in any part of the main wiring, power supply to the sub-distribution panel connected to the previous wire from the occurrence point stops. Power supply can be restored by using normal wiring, that is, main wiring.
That is, in the first invention, the portion of the spare wiring that has opened the main distribution board side of the electric wire connected to the last sub-distribution board is the main distribution board of the electric wire connected to the last sub-distribution board. The main wiring can be fed from the main distribution board via the last sub-distribution panel in the reverse direction, so that the main wiring can be fed. The power supply to the board is restored.
Further, in the second invention, the portion of the spare wiring that has been disconnected from the last sub-distribution panel to the main distribution panel is not connected between the last sub-distribution panel and the main distribution panel. As long as they are connected by electric wires, the main wiring can be similarly fed from the main distribution board via the last sub-distribution board, and power can be supplied by wiring that circulates in the opposite direction . In any of the inventions, the wiring can be recovered with a simple operation.
[0009]
Furthermore, according to the present invention, when a new house is built, by using a large-capacity wire for the wiring (main wiring) that goes around each section from the main distribution board, it is easy to increase future power consumption. I can deal with it. For example, when adding an electric device to be used in a certain room of a house wired as described above, it is only necessary to increase the power supply ports of the sub-distribution panel by a necessary number. That is, even when the number of outlets is insufficient or exceeds the specified capacity as in the conventional case, it is not necessary to perform construction for increasing the wiring from the main distribution board to the room.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an embodiment of a wiring structure realized by the wiring method of the present invention. The illustrated wiring structure constitutes a main wiring for supplying power to a compartment such as a room from a main distribution board 10 connected to a lead-in wire 1 from the outside via a power meter 2 and a subsequent lead-in wire 3 in a house or the like. The electric wire 4 is circulated through a plurality of (in this case, four) sub-distribution panels 20a to 20d provided for each section, and preliminary wiring from the last sub-distribution panel 20d to the main distribution panel 10 is performed. It is what. The spare wiring, as shown by being surrounded by a circle C, opens the end of the electric wire 4 extending from the last sub-distribution panel 20d (that is, the main distribution panel side is disconnected), or The electric wires 4 from the last sub-distribution panel 20d to the main distribution panel 10 are omitted (the actual wiring is not performed only in this section).
[0011]
In this wiring structure, the main distribution board 10 includes a main earth leakage breaker 11 connected to the lead-in wire 3, a single-phase three-wire main bar 12 connected thereto, and a plurality (for example, 6 to 6) connected to the main bar 12. Eight) three-wire branch breakers 13 and a pair of feed wiring protection terminals 14a and 14b for connecting the electric wires 4 to the output ends of the main bar 12. Here, the input end of the electric wire 4 that circulates in this order with respect to the plurality of sub-distribution boards 20a to 20d is connected to one feed wiring protection terminal 14a, and the other feed wiring protection terminal 14b is As described above, when an abnormality such as disconnection occurs in the main wiring, the electric wire 4 provided as the spare wiring is connected, and power is supplied from the last sub-distribution panel 20d side by this connection. can do.
[0012]
The main earth leakage breaker 11 and the branch breaker 13 are configured as shown in FIG. That is, the main earth leakage breaker 11 includes three parallel switches 11A, 11B, and 11C that connect or disconnect the single-phase three-wire lead-in wire 3 and the main bar 12, and three lines ( The voltage side wires L1, L2 and the neutral wire N) are connected / disconnected, respectively.
[0013]
The branch breaker 13 is composed of two parallel switches 13A and B each having its input side connected to two of the three wires of the main bar 12, and its output side terminal is connected to a circuit that supplies power to the electrical equipment. Is done. In FIG. 2, three branch breakers 13 a, 13 b, and 13 c are connected to two different ones of the voltage side wires L 1 and L 2 and the neutral wire N of the main bar 12.
[0014]
On the other hand, each of the plurality of sub-distribution panels 20a to 20d includes a terminal block 21 for connecting the three electric wires 4 constituting the main wiring, a single-phase three-wire main bar 22 connected thereto, A plurality of (for example, 3 to 4) branch breakers 23 connected to the main bar 22 are provided. Here, the main bar 22 and the branch breaker 23 have the same configuration as the main bar 12 and the branch breaker 13 of the main distribution board 10, respectively. And the output side terminal of the branch breaker 23 is connected to the circuit which supplies electric power to an electric equipment.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 3, the terminal block 21 has a connection structure that cuts in the middle of the three electric wires 4 and connects the terminals of each electric wire, and branches the main bar 22 from one terminal side thereof. .
[0016]
In the wiring structure configured as described above, the main wiring circulates sequentially from the main distribution board 10 through the sub distribution boards 20a to 20d for each section, and from the last sub distribution board 20d. Since it is a spare wiring to the panel 10, electric power corresponding to the allowable value of each breaker is supplied from the main distribution board 10 to the sub distribution boards via the sub distribution boards 20a to 20d. Can be supplied.
[0017]
Here, consider the case where the main wiring is damaged or cut by some construction as described above. For example, as shown by x in FIG. 1, when a disconnection occurs between the sub-distribution boards 20b and 20c, the sub-distribution boards 20c and 20d connected to the previous electric wire 4 from the x-marked location. Will stop feeding.
[0018]
At this time, by connecting the last sub-distribution panel 20d and the main distribution panel 10 as spare wiring with the electric wires 4, the main distribution panel 10 and the last sub-distribution panel 20d are reversed. Power can be supplied by wiring that circulates in the direction. As a result, the power supply to the sub-distribution panels 20c and 20d, where the power supply is stopped due to the occurrence of an abnormality, is recovered.
[0019]
Although the illustrated embodiment has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and any wiring structure that can achieve the above-described object may be used.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a wiring diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a main earth leakage breaker and a branch breaker that constitute a main distribution board.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration of a terminal block used for a sub-distribution panel.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lead wire, 2 ... Wattmeter, 3 ... Lead wire, 4 ... Electric wire, 10 ... Main distribution board, 11 ... Main earth leakage breaker, 12 ... Main bar, 13 ... Branch breaker, 20 ... Sub distribution board, 21 ... Terminal Stand, 22 ... main bar, 23 ... branch breaker.

Claims

Wiring structure composed of electric wires (4) that circulate via sub-distribution panels (20a to 20d) provided for each section requiring power from the main distribution panel (10) connected to the lead-in wire from the outside The main distribution board (10) to the last sub-distribution board (20d) of the sub-distribution boards are connected by the electric wire to be the main wiring, and the last sub-distribution board ( From 20d) to the main distribution board (10), when the main wiring board side of the wire connected to the last sub-distribution board (20d) is a spare wiring, the main wiring is abnormal A wiring structure in which the auxiliary wiring is used as a main wiring by connecting a main distribution board side of an electric wire connected to the last sub-distribution board (20d).

Wiring structure composed of electric wires (4) that circulate via sub-distribution panels (20a to 20d) provided for each section requiring power from the main distribution panel (10) connected to the lead-in wire from the outside The main distribution board (10) to the last sub-distribution board (20d) of the sub-distribution boards are connected by the electric wire to be the main wiring, and the last sub-distribution board ( From 20d) to the main distribution board (10), the electric wires are omitted and the spare wiring is not connected. When an abnormality occurs in the main wiring, the last sub-distribution board (20d) and the main distribution board (10) A wiring structure characterized in that the spare wiring is used as a main wiring by connecting the wiring with the wiring.

According to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wiring structure, the main distribution board (10) includes a pair of feed wire protective terminals (14a, 14b), the one feed wire protective terminal (14a), said plurality The input terminal of the electric wire that circulates around the secondary distribution board (20a-d) of the first secondary distribution board is connected to the other feed wiring protection terminal (14b) when an abnormality occurs in the main wiring. A wiring structure characterized in that an electric wire connecting between (20d) and the main distribution board (10) is connectable .

The wiring structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein each section is configured to supply electric power from the sub-distribution panel to an electrical device.