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JP3955926B2 - Drum can opening device - Google Patents
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JP3955926B2 - Drum can opening device - Google Patents

Drum can opening device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3955926B2
JP3955926B2 JP22269898A JP22269898A JP3955926B2 JP 3955926 B2 JP3955926 B2 JP 3955926B2 JP 22269898 A JP22269898 A JP 22269898A JP 22269898 A JP22269898 A JP 22269898A JP 3955926 B2 JP3955926 B2 JP 3955926B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
drum
cutter
top plate
gripping mechanism
vehicle
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JP22269898A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000053192A (en
Inventor
典正 田口
精 長畑
康晶 田中
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Dowa Eco Systems Co Ltd
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Dowa Eco Systems Co Ltd
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Priority to JP22269898A priority Critical patent/JP3955926B2/en
Publication of JP2000053192A publication Critical patent/JP2000053192A/en
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  • Forklifts And Lifting Vehicles (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は,ドラム缶を開口させる装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ドラム缶を開口させるものとして,タガネ等の刃に電動又はエアーの動力を加えてドラム缶の天板を開口させる開口装置が公知になっている。また,開口したドラム缶をフォークリフトなどでピットなどの上方に移動させ,ドラム缶を回転クランプで把持することによりドラム缶を回転させて,ドラム缶の中身を重力でピット内に落下させる方法が採用されている(以下,このようにドラム缶の中身をピットなどに移す動作を「投入」という)。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし従来は,開口装置によってドラム缶を開口させた後,更にフォークリフトなどの輸送装置でドラム缶を移動させて中身を投入しており,開口と投入の操作を二段階に分けて互いの別の場所で行っていた。このため,開口装置と輸送装置が別に必要であった。また,従来は開口装置を設置するための専用のスペースが必要であった。また,開口と投入を二つの装置によって行うので,受け渡しなどに時間がかかっていた。また開口後,ドラム缶をピットまでに搬送する間に,ドラム缶の中身をこぼす心配があった。
【0004】
本発明の目的は,ドラム缶の開口,搬送及び投入を連続して一緒にできる手段を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
かかる目的を達成するために,発明は,ドラム缶を把持するための把持機構を走行可能な車両に装着すると共に,該把持機構の上方にカッターを配置してなる開口装置であって,前記カッターにおいて,筒状に形成されたカッター本体の下端を鋭利な刃部に形成すると共に,カッター本体の下端の一部に非刃部を対向して一対形成し,かつ,前記カッター本体の内部に,前記刃部によって切断されたドラム缶の天板の切断部分を前記一対の非刃部を結ぶ直線の両側において押圧する押圧部材を設け、把持機構に対してカッターを相対的に下降自在に構成し,カッターの相対的な下降動作によって,把持機構に把持されたドラム缶の天板にカッターを押し当ててドラム缶の天板を開口させるように構成したことを特徴とする,ドラム缶の開口装置である。
【0006】
この請求項1の開口装置において,走行可能な車両とは,例えば従来公知なクランプ型のフォークリフトなどを利用できる。一般に,クランプ型のフォークリフトの前方にはドラム缶を把持可能な一対の把持部材を備えた把持機構が設けられており,そのような把持機構によってドラム缶を把持した状態で車両を走行させることより,ドラム缶をピットなどの所望の場所に搬送できるようになる。
【0007】
この請求項1の開口装置にあっては,把持機構に対してカッターを相対的に下降させることによって,把持機構に把持されたドラム缶の天板にカッターを押し当て,ドラム缶の天板をカッターで切断して開口させることができる。なお,カッターなどを稼働させるために必要な駆動力は,例えばフォークリフトなどの車両に備えられた油圧を利用して確保することができる。
【0008】
この請求項1の開口装置において,請求項2に記載したように,前記把持機構とカッターの両方を昇降自在に構成しても良い。そうすれば,例えばドラム缶を開口させる際には,把持機構を下降させて把持機構に把持されたドラム缶の底板を床に設置させた状態にする。そして,カッターを下降させてドラム缶の天板をカッターで切断し開口させる。そうすれば,ドラム缶を床においた状態で開口作業を行うことができるので,開口の際にドラム缶を床上にしっかりと支持できて作業が円滑になる。また,カッターを下降させる力が把持機構に過度に加わる心配がない。
【0009】
また,例えばドラム缶を搬送する際には,把持機構を上昇させて把持機構に把持されたドラム缶の底板を床から持ち上げた状態にする。そして,フォークリフトなどの車両を走行させてドラム缶を搬送する。これにより,ドラム缶を持ち上げた状態で円滑にピットなどに搬送できるようになる。
【0010】
また,請求項3に記載したように,前記カッターに対して把持機構を上昇自在に構成しても良い。そうすれば,把持機構を上昇させて把持機構に把持されたドラム缶の天板をカッターで切断し開口させることができる。この場合,カッターは固定しておけばよいので,カッターを昇降させる機構などが必要なくなり,構造が簡単になる。また,従来公知のクランプ型のフォークリフトにカッターを取り付けるだけで,簡単に開口装置を作り出すことができるようになる。
【0011】
また,請求項4に記載したように,前記把持機構を,水平軸を中心に回動可能に構成しても良い。ドラム缶を開口させた後に車両を走行させてドラム缶を搬送する場合,車両の発進や停止が急であったり走行中の速度の変化が大きいと,ドラム缶の中身が慣性によって外に飛び出てしまう心配がある。そこで,車両の発進時や走行中に加速する場合などは,把持機構を回動させて進行方向に対してドラム缶が前傾姿勢となるようにすると良く,また,車両の停止時や走行中に減速する場合などは,把持機構を回動させて進行方向に対してドラム缶が後傾姿勢となるようにすると良い。そうすれば,開口後に車両を走行させてドラム缶を搬送する場合であっても,ドラム缶を適宜前後に傾けることによって,中身が外に飛び出ることを防止できるようになる。
【0012】
また把持機構を回動可能に構成することにより,車両を走行させてドラム缶をピットなどの上方に搬送した後,把持機構の回動でドラム缶を180゜回転させて,天板を開口させたドラム缶の開口部から投入を行うこともできる。この場合,天板の開口は,ドラム缶をピットなどの上方に搬送する前に予め別の場所で行っても良いが,開口を行う前に車両を走行させてドラム缶をピットなどの上方に搬送し,その後,ピットなどの上方においてドラム缶の天板を開口させてから,把持機構の回動でドラム缶を180゜回転させ,投入を行うようにしても良い。このようにピットなどの上方においてドラム缶の天板を開口させることによって,開口と投入をほぼ同時に行うことができるようになる。また,開口を行う前に車両を走行させてドラム缶をピットなどの上方に搬送することによって,搬送中に中身が外に飛び出る心配もなくなる。
【0014】
カッター本体の先端に形成された刃部をドラム缶の天板に押圧接触させることによって,ドラム缶の端面を切断することができる。この場合,刃部の一部に非刃部が形成されているので,ドラム缶の天板には非刃部に対応する箇所に非切断部分が互いに対向して一対残ることとなる。そして,このように非切断部分を残してドラム缶の天板を切断した状態で,非刃部の両側に設けられた押圧部材により,ドラム缶の天板の切断部分をドラム缶の内部下方に向かって押し下げる。すると,ドラム缶の天板の切断部分は,一対の非切断部分を結ぶ線を中心にしてドラム缶の内部に向かって折り曲げられることとなり,こうして,ドラム缶の天板が開口させられる。
【0015】
前記刃部が,耐摩耗性金属で構成されることが好ましい。耐摩耗性金属としては,例えばベリリウム銅(beryllium bronze)などを用いると良い。そうすれば,カッターの寿命が通常の鋼などに比べ約10倍以上となる。また,刃部をベリリウム銅などで構成すれば,ドラム缶の天板を開口させる際の摩耗を軽減でき,火花の発生を抑制できるので,ドラム缶の中身が引火性の材料等である場合でも危険が少ない。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下,本発明の好ましい実施の形態を,図面を用いて説明する。図1は,本発明の実施の形態にかかる開口装置1の全体を概略的に示す斜視図である。この実施の形態の開口装置1は,ドラム缶Dを把持するための把持機構2を車両3の前方に装着したいわゆるクランプ型のフォークリフトを利用した構成であり,把持機構2の上方には,把持機構2によって把持されたドラム缶Dの天板D1を開口するためのカッター4が配置されている。
【0017】
車両3は前輪10と後輪11を備えており,これら前輪10と後輪11の少なくとも一方は駆動輪である。また,通常は後輪11が操舵輪になっていて,後輪11の角度を適宜変更することにより,車両3を所望の方向に走行させることができる。車両3のほぼ中央上部には運転席12が配置されている。そして,この運転席12に乗り込んだオペレータが,図示しないアクセルやハンドル等を操作することによって,車両3の走行をコントロール可能である。車両3の前面には左右一対の支柱13,13が立設してあり,この支柱13の前側において上下にカッター4と把持機構2が装着してある。
【0018】
図2に示すように,カッター4は,支柱13,13の上端に取り付けられた支持板20の下面にガイドロッド21を垂設すると共に,このガイドロッド21に沿って昇降自在に設けられた昇降プレート22の下面側にカッター本体23を取り付け,支持板20と昇降プレート22の間にシリンダ24を介在させた構成になっている。カッター本体23の先端(図2では下端)は鋭利な刃部25に形成されている。そして,シリンダ24の伸張稼働によって昇降プレート22がガイドロッド21に沿って下降すると,図2中の一点鎖線23’で示したように,下降したカッター本体23先端の刃部25が,後述する把持機構2のクランプ部材40の間に把持されたドラム缶Dの天板D1に当接して,天板D1を開口させるように構成されている。
【0019】
ここで,図3はカッター本体23を下方から見た状態の斜視図であり,図4は,説明のため図3中のA−A線で切断して示したカッター本体23の展開図である。この実施の形態では,カッター本体23は円筒形状に形成され,先端(図3,4では上端)が鋭利な刃部25に形成されている。カッター本体23の基端(図3,4では下端)には,フランジ26が形成されている。このフランジ26を利用してネジ止め等することにより,カッター本体23を昇降プレート22の下面に取り付けている。
【0020】
刃部25は,例えばカッター本体23の先端面を斜めにすることにより,鋭利に形成され,その角度は例えば45〜60゜程度であり,カッター本体23は,例えば肉厚約10mm,外径φ約510mm,高さ約450mmの鋼管(材質:S400)などを加工して作成する。但し,刃部25は例えばベリリウム銅(beryllium bronze)などの耐摩耗性金属で構成されることが好ましい。フランジ26は,例えば厚さ約20mm,直径約600mmの鋼材を加工して作成される。
【0021】
また図示の例では,カッター本体23の先端には,先端側に突出して形成された4つの頂部30a,30b,30c,30dと,これら頂部30a,30b,30c,30dの間において凹んで形成された4つの谷部31a,31b,31c,31dが交互に配置されている。これら頂部30a,30b,30c,30dの頂角と谷部31a,31b,31c,31dの内角は,例えば60゜程度である。
【0022】
そして,これら4つの谷部31a,31b,31c,31dの内,頂部30a,30bの間の谷部31aと頂部30c,30dの間の谷部31cには,非刃部32aと非刃部32cが形成され,頂部30b,30cの間の谷部31bと頂部30d,30aの間の谷部31dには,延長刃部32bと延長刃部32dが形成されている。このように,カッター本体23の先端においてこれら非刃部32a,32cと延長刃部32b,32dが交互に配置されている。
【0023】
図示の例では,非刃部32a,32cは,カッター本体23の先端に連続して形成されている刃部25よりも引っ込んだ凹部に形成されている。このように凹部に形成された非刃部32a,32cは,例えば幅が約60mm,深さが約80mmである。これら非刃部32aと非刃部32c同士は,カッター本体23の先端において,丁度反対の位置(円筒形状に形成されたカッター本体23のほぼ直径方向をなす位置)に対向するように配置されている。
【0024】
一方,延長刃部32b,32dは,谷部31b,31dにおいて両側に位置する刃部25の一方に沿ってカッター本体23の先端を斜めに切り込んで溝33b,33dを形成し,刃部25に沿った溝33b,33dの内側面を鋭利な形状にした構成になっている。このように延長刃部32b,32dを形成するための溝33b,33dは,例えば幅が約10mm,深さが約20mmとなるように形成する。
【0025】
また,カッター本体23の内部には,一対の押圧部材35,35が設けられている。図3に示されるように,これら押圧部材35,35は,先に説明した一対の非刃部32a,32c同士を結ぶ直線の両側に,非刃部32a,32cを挟むようにして配置されている。また,これら押圧部材35,35はカッター本体23の先端側(図3では上端側)に向かって互いに広がるように略V字状に配置され,これら押圧部材35,35の先端(図3では上端)35’,35’は,非刃部32a,32cの底面よりもカッター本体23の先端側(図3では上方)に突出するように配置されている。これら押圧部材35,35は,例えば幅が120mm,厚さが約10mmに形成する。また,これら押圧部材35,35の先端35’,35’の傾斜角度は,カッター本体23の中心軸に対して例えば約10゜程度傾斜させると良い。
【0026】
図1に示すように,把持機構2は左右一対のクランプ部材40,40とこれらクランプ部材40,40を駆動する回転駆動機構41を備えている。回転駆動機構41は,クランプ部材40,40を開閉させ,更に,クランプ部材40,40を支柱13に沿って一緒に昇降移動させる構成になっている。また回転駆動機構41は,クランプ部材40,40の間に把持したドラム缶Dを転倒させるように,車両3の前後方向(走行方向)に平行な水平方向(車両3の車軸方向)の軸周りにクランプ部材40,40を一体的に回動させる構成になっている。更に,把持機構2は支柱13と共に,クランプ部材40,40の先端40’,40’を一緒に上下させるように,車両3の前後方向(走行方向)と直交する水平方向(車両3の幅方向)の軸周りに回動するように構成されている。
【0027】
即ち,図1に示すように,回転駆動機構41の稼働によってクランプ部材40,40を互いに近付けるように閉じることにより,車両3の前方においてクランプ部材40,40の間にドラム缶Dを把持することができる。また,回転駆動機構41の稼働によってクランプ部材40,40を互いに離すように開くことにより,クランプ部材40,40の間からドラム缶Dを開放することができる。
【0028】
また,図5に示すように,クランプ部材40,40を閉じてドラム缶Dを把持した状態で,回転駆動機構41の稼働によってクランプ部材40,40を支柱13に沿って一緒に上昇させることにより,クランプ部材40,40の間に把持しているドラム缶Dを車両3の前方において上に持ち上げ,ドラム缶Dの底板D2を床から持ち上げることができる。
【0029】
また,図6に示すように,クランプ部材40,40の間に把持しているドラム缶Dを上に持ち上げた状態で,把持機構2は支柱13と共に,クランプ部材40,40の先端40’,40’を一緒に上下させるように,車両3の前後方向(走行方向)と直交する水平方向の軸周りに回動することにより,クランプ部材40,40の間に把持しているドラム缶Dを車両3の前方において,車両3の進行方向に対してドラム缶Dを前傾姿勢(図6中の一点鎖線Dで示す姿勢)にしたり,車両3の進行方向に対してドラム缶Dを後傾姿勢(図6中の実線Dで示す姿勢)にすることができる。
【0030】
更に,図7に示すように,クランプ部材40,40の間に把持しているドラム缶Dを上に持ち上げた状態で,回転駆動機構41の稼働によってクランプ部材40,40を車両3の前後方向(走行方向)に平行な水平方向の軸周りに一体的に回動させることにより,クランプ部材40,40の間に把持しているドラム缶Dを車両3の前方において転倒させ,ドラム缶Dの天板D1を下にし,底板D2を上にした姿勢にすることもできる。
【0031】
また,図1に示すように,この実施の形態では,カッター4と運転席12の間に仕切り板50が配置されている。この仕切り板50は,運転席12に乗り込んだオペレータの視界を妨げないように,例えば透明のガラス板や樹脂板などで構成される。
【0032】
さて,以上のように構成された開口装置1にあっては,カッター4において,予めシリンダ24を短縮稼働させることによってカッター本体23を上昇させておく。また,把持機構2において,予め回転駆動機構41の稼働によってクランプ部材40,40を互いに離すように開いた状態にしておく。そして,運転席12にオペレータが乗り込んで車両3を運転し,床上に置かれたドラム缶Dに向かって車両3を走行させて,車両3の前面に配置された把持機構2のクランプ部材40,40の間にドラム缶Dが位置するように車両3を移動させる。
【0033】
そして,クランプ部材40,40の間にドラム缶Dを位置させて車両3を停止させた後,回転駆動機構41の稼働によってクランプ部材40,40を互いに近付けるように閉じ,クランプ部材40,40の間にドラム缶Dを把持する。こうしてドラム缶Dを把持機構2に把持した後,先に図5で説明したように,回転駆動機構41の稼働によってクランプ部材40,40を支柱13に沿って一緒に上昇させ,クランプ部材40,40の間に把持しているドラム缶Dを車両3の前方において上に持ち上げて,ドラム缶Dの底板D2を床から持ち上げる。そして,再びオペレータの運転によって車両3を走行させ,車両3の前面において把持機構2で把持しているドラム缶Dを開口させる位置まで搬送する。このようにドラム缶Dを持ち上げて底板D2を床から離した状態で搬送しているので,搬送中などにドラム缶Dの底板D2が床などに擦れて引っかかるような心配が無く,搬送がスムーズに行われる。
【0034】
そして,ドラム缶Dを開口させる位置まで搬送して車両3を停止させた後,回転駆動機構41の稼働によってクランプ部材40,40を支柱13に沿って一緒に下降させ,ドラム缶Dの底板D2を床に設置させる。次に,カッター4においてシリンダ24の伸張稼働により昇降プレート22がガイドロッド21に沿って下降し,図2中の一点鎖線23’で示したように,下降したカッター本体23先端の刃部25が,把持機構2のクランプ部材40の間に把持されたドラム缶Dの天板D1に当接して,天板D1を開口させる。このように,ドラム缶Dの底板D2を床に設置させた状態で上からカッター本体23先端の刃部25をドラム缶Dの天板D1に押しつけて開口を行うことにより,開口の際にドラム缶Dを床上にしっかりと支持できて作業が円滑になる。また,カッター本体23を下降させる力が把持機構2に過度に加わる心配がない。また,カッター本体23先端の刃部25をベリリウム銅などの耐摩耗性金属で構成しておけば,ドラム缶Dの天板D1を開口させる際の摩耗を軽減でき,火花の発生を抑制できるので,ドラム缶Dの中身が引火性の材料等である場合でも危険が少ない。また,この実施の形態では先に図1で説明したように,カッター4と運転席12の間に仕切り板50が配置されているので,開口の際にドラム缶Dの中身が吹き出たような場合であっても,中身が運転席12に飛ぶことを仕切り板50によって防ぐことができる。
【0035】
ここで,図8,9,10は,カッター4によってドラム缶Dの天板D1が切断開口されていく状態を順を追って示している。即ち,シリンダ24の伸張稼働によってカッター本体23が下降を開始すると,先ず最初にカッター本体23先端(図8,9,10では下端)の刃部25に形成された頂部30a,30b,30c,30dがドラム缶Dの天板D1に接触し,切断が開始される。そして,図8に示すように,カッター本体23の下降に伴ってドラム缶Dの天板D1はカッター本体23先端の刃部25によって徐々に円形状に切断されていく。
【0036】
そして,図9に示すように,カッター本体23先端の刃部25がドラム缶Dの天板D1よりも低くなる位置までカッター4が下降すると,刃部25による切断が終了し,ドラム缶Dの天板D1はほぼ円形状に切断された状態となる。但し,先に図3,4で説明したように,カッター本体23先端の刃部25には一対の非刃部32a,32cが対向して形成されているので,このようにカッター本体23先端の刃部25がドラム缶Dの天板D1よりも低くなる位置までカッター4が下降した際には,ドラム缶Dの天板D1には非刃部32a,32bに対応する箇所に非切断部分60が互いに対向して一対残ることとなる。
【0037】
そして,このように非切断部分60を残してドラム缶Dの天板D1をほぼ円形状に切断した状態でカッター4が更に下降すると,図10に示すように,非刃部32a,32cを挟んで両側に配置された一対の押圧部材35,35の先端(図10では下端)35’,35’が,ドラム缶Dの天板D1に接触し,非切断部分60の両側において天板D1の切断部分61をドラム缶Dの内部に向かって下方に押圧する。これにより,ドラム缶Dの天板D1において,一対の非切断部分60を結ぶ線を中心にして,切断部分61がドラム缶Dの内部に向かって両側から折り曲げられることとなり,こうして,ドラム缶Dの天板D1が開口させられる。
【0038】
こうして開口を終了した後,シリンダ24を短縮稼働させることにより,カッター本体23を再び上昇させる。図11は,以上の工程を経て開口させられた状態のドラム缶Dを示す斜視図である。このように,ドラム缶Dの天板D1を一対の非切断部分60を結ぶ線Lを中心にして,切断部分61を両側からドラム缶Dの内部に向かって折り曲げることにより,ドラム缶Dの天板D1が開口される。
【0039】
次に,先に図5で説明したように,回転駆動機構41の稼働によってクランプ部材40,40を支柱13に沿って再び一緒に上昇させ,クランプ部材40,40の間に把持しているドラム缶Dを車両3の前方において上に持ち上げて,ドラム缶Dの底板D2を床から持ち上げる。そして,再びオペレータの運転によって車両3を走行させ,車両3の前面において把持機構2で把持しているドラム缶Dをピットなどの投入位置(ドラム缶Dの中身を投入する位置)まで搬送する。
【0040】
なお,このようにドラム缶Dの天板D1を開口させた後に車両3を走行させてドラム缶Dを搬送する場合は,ドラム缶Dの中身が開口部から外に飛び出てしまう心配がある。そこで,開口後に車両3を走行させる場合は,先に図6で説明したように,把持機構2と支柱13を車両3の前後方向(走行方向)と直交する水平方向の軸周りに回動させ,車両3の発進時や走行中に加速する場合などは,車両3の進行方向に対してドラム缶Dが前傾姿勢(図6中の一点鎖線Dで示す姿勢)となるようにする。また,車両3の停止時や走行中に減速する場合などは進行方向に対してドラム缶Dが後傾姿勢(図6中の実線Dで示す姿勢)となるようにする。そうすれば,開口後に車両3を走行させる場合でも,ドラム缶Dの中身が外に飛び出ることを防止できるようになる。
【0041】
こうして,図7に示すようにドラム缶Dをピットなどの投入位置Pまで搬送させた後,車両3を停止させる。そして,回転駆動機構41の稼働によってクランプ部材40,40を車両3の前後方向(車両3の走行方向)に平行な水平方向の軸周りに一体的に回動させることにより,クランプ部材40,40の間に把持しているドラム缶Dを車両3の前方において転倒させ,ドラム缶Dの天板D1を下にし,底板D2を上にした姿勢にする。これにより,天板D1を開口させたドラム缶Dの開口部から中身65を自重で落下させ,投入を行う。なお,この投入を行う際には,ドラム缶Dを転倒させる前に予め回転駆動機構41の稼働によってクランプ部材40,40を少し下降させ,ドラム缶Dの回転中に天板D1や底板D2がカッター本体23などにぶつからないようにすると良い。
【0042】
以上説明したように,この実施の形態にかかる開口装置1にあっては,ドラム缶Dの開口と投入の操作を一つの装置で行うことができるようになる。また,開口装置1自身が走行可能であるため,開口用の専用スペースなどが必要でなく,開口と投入を,途中でドラム缶Dの受け渡しなどを行わずに,一つの装置で連続して行うことができるようになる。そして,この実施の形態の開口装置1によって開口されたドラム缶Dは,図11に示すように,ドラム缶Dの天板D1において,一対の非切断部分60を結ぶ線Lを中心にして,切断部分61が両側からドラム缶Dの内部に向かって折り曲げられた格好となり,図7で説明したようにドラム缶Dを転倒させて中身65を投入する際などに,切断部分61が邪魔にならず,また,空となったドラム缶Dを上下に積む場合にも切断部分61は支障とならない。
【0043】
以上,本発明の好ましい実施の形態の一例を説明したが,本発明は以上に説明した実施の形態に限定されない。例えば,ドラム缶Dの天板D1を開口させる場合に,図12に示すように,把持機構2に設けられた回転駆動機構41の稼働によってクランプ部材40,40を上昇させることによりドラム缶Dを上昇させ,天板D1をカッター本体23先端の刃部25に押し当てるようにしても良い。この場合は,カッター本体23は固定でも良く,カッター4において図2で説明したシリンダ24などを省略することができ,構造が簡単になる。また,従来公知のクランプ型のフォークリフトにカッター4を取り付けるだけで,簡単に開口装置を作り出すことができるようになる。
【0044】
また例えば,天板D1の開口は,ドラム缶Dをピットなどの投入位置Pに搬送する前に予め別の場所で行っても良いが,開口を行う前に車両3を走行させてドラム缶Dを投入位置Pに先に搬送し,その後,投入位置Pにおいてドラム缶Dの天板D1を開口させ,開口後,直ちに把持機構4のクランプ部材40,40を回動させてドラム缶Dを転倒させ,投入を行うようにしても良い。このように投入位置Pにおいてドラム缶Dの天板D1を開口させることによって,開口と投入をほぼ同時に行うことができるようになる。また,開口を行う前の状態でドラム缶Dを搬送することによって,搬送中に中身が外に飛び出る心配もなくなる。
【0045】
なお,把持機構2の回転駆動機構41やカッター4のシリンダ24などに必要な駆動力は,例えばフォークリフトなどの車両3に備えられた油圧を利用して確保することができる。また,カッター本体23の形状や大きさは,開口面積や開口形状に応じて設計すれば良い。例えば,カッター本体23の形状は,角筒形状などでも良い。更に,ドラム缶Dの天板D1を切断する際に,カッター本体23を回転させても良い。また,カッター本体23を昇降プレート22の下面に着脱式に取り付けることにより,多種類の刃を取り付けられるので,使用範囲が広がり,交換も容易となる。
【0046】
【実施例】
1.5tのフォークリフトを利用して本発明の開口装置を実際に作成し,ドラム缶の開口を行った。重量200kg,天板の厚さ0.5mm,直径600mmのドラム缶を保管場からピットへ搬送し,そのまま把持機構を上昇させてドラム缶をカッターに押し付けて開口させた。その後,把持機構を0.5m下降させてからドラム缶を転倒させて中身を重力落下させた。実施例の結果,ドラム缶を500本開口させても開口能力を維持できた。
【0047】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば,ドラム缶の開口と投入の操作を一つの装置で行うことができ,開口装置自身が走行可能であるため,開口用の専用スペースなどが必要でなく,開口と投入の途中でドラム缶の受け渡しなどを行わずに,一つの装置で開口と投入を連続して行うことができるようになる。このため,作業性の向上がはかれる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の実施の形態にかかる開口装置の全体を概略的に示す斜視図である。
【図2】把持機構とカッターの側面図であり,ドラム缶を設置させた状態を示している。
【図3】カッターを下方から見た状態の斜視図である。
【図4】図3中のA−A線で切断して示したカッター本体の展開図である。
【図5】把持機構とカッターの側面図であり,ドラム缶を持ち上げた状態を示している。
【図6】把持機構とカッターの側面図であり,ドラム缶を前後に傾けた状態を示している。
【図7】本発明の実施の形態にかかる開口装置の側面図であり,ドラム缶の中身を投入する状態を示している。
【図8】カッターによってドラム缶の天板が切断開口されていく状態の説明図である。
【図9】カッターによってドラム缶の天板が切断開口されていく状態の説明図である。
【図10】カッターによってドラム缶の天板が切断開口されていく状態の説明図である。
【図11】本発明の実施の形態にかかる開口装置によって開口させられた状態のドラム缶を示す斜視図である。
【図12】カッターに対して把持機構を上昇自在に構成した本発明の実施の形態にかかる開口装置の把持機構とカッターの側面図であり,ドラム缶を上昇させた状態を示している。
【符号の説明】
D ドラム缶
D1 天板
1 開口装置
2 把持機構
3 車両
4 カッター
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus for opening a drum.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art As an apparatus for opening a drum can, an opening device that opens a top plate of a drum can by applying electric or air power to a blade such as a chisel is known. In addition, a method has been adopted in which the opened drum can is moved above the pit by a forklift, etc., the drum can is rotated by gripping the drum can with a rotating clamp, and the contents of the drum can be dropped into the pit by gravity ( Hereinafter, the operation of transferring the contents of the drum can to a pit in this way is referred to as “injection”).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, conventionally, after opening the drum can with an opening device, the drum can be further moved with a transport device such as a forklift, and the contents are put in, and the opening and closing operations are divided into two stages at different locations. I was going. For this reason, an opening device and a transport device were separately required. Conventionally, a dedicated space for installing the opening device has been required. Moreover, since opening and closing are performed by two devices, it took time to deliver. In addition, there was a concern that the contents of the drum can be spilled while the drum was transported to the pit after opening.
[0004]
It is an object of the present invention to provide a means for continuously opening, transporting and charging a drum can.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve this goal, Book The invention is an opening device in which a gripping mechanism for gripping a drum can is mounted on a vehicle capable of traveling, and a cutter is disposed above the gripping mechanism, In the cutter, a cylindrical lower end of the cutter body is formed into a sharp blade portion, and a pair of non-blade portions are formed facing a part of the lower end of the cutter body, and the inside of the cutter body A pressing member that presses the cut portion of the top plate of the drum can cut by the blade portion on both sides of a straight line connecting the pair of non-blade portions, The cutter is configured so that it can be moved downward relative to the gripping mechanism, and the cutter can be pressed against the top plate of the drum can held by the gripping mechanism to open the top plate of the drum can. A drum can opening device characterized in that it is configured.
[0006]
In the opening device according to the first aspect, for example, a conventionally known clamp-type forklift can be used as the travelable vehicle. In general, a gripping mechanism having a pair of gripping members capable of gripping a drum can is provided in front of a clamp-type forklift, and the drum can is moved by running the vehicle while gripping the drum can by such a gripping mechanism. Can be transported to a desired place such as a pit.
[0007]
In the opening device according to the first aspect, by lowering the cutter relative to the gripping mechanism, the cutter is pressed against the top plate of the drum can held by the gripping mechanism, and the top plate of the drum can is pressed with the cutter. It can be cut and opened. The driving force necessary for operating the cutter or the like can be ensured by using hydraulic pressure provided in a vehicle such as a forklift.
[0008]
In the opening device of the first aspect, as described in the second aspect, both the gripping mechanism and the cutter may be configured to be movable up and down. In this case, for example, when opening the drum can, the gripping mechanism is lowered and the bottom plate of the drum can gripped by the gripping mechanism is placed on the floor. Then, the cutter is lowered and the top plate of the drum can is cut and opened by the cutter. Then, the opening operation can be performed with the drum can placed on the floor, so that the drum can be firmly supported on the floor when opening, and the operation becomes smooth. Moreover, there is no worry that the force for lowering the cutter is excessively applied to the gripping mechanism.
[0009]
For example, when transporting a drum can, the gripping mechanism is raised so that the bottom plate of the drum can gripped by the gripping mechanism is lifted from the floor. Then, a drum such as a forklift is run to transport the drum. As a result, the drum can be smoothly transported to a pit or the like while being lifted.
[0010]
Further, as described in claim 3, a gripping mechanism may be configured to be raised with respect to the cutter. Then, the gripping mechanism can be lifted and the top plate of the drum can gripped by the gripping mechanism can be cut and opened by the cutter. In this case, since the cutter only needs to be fixed, a mechanism for raising and lowering the cutter is not necessary, and the structure is simplified. Moreover, an opening device can be easily created simply by attaching a cutter to a conventionally known clamp-type forklift.
[0011]
In addition, as described in claim 4, the gripping mechanism may be configured to be rotatable about a horizontal axis. When transporting drums by running the vehicle after opening the drum can, if the vehicle starts or stops suddenly or the speed changes greatly during running, there is a concern that the contents of the drum can jump out due to inertia. is there. Therefore, when accelerating when the vehicle is starting or traveling, it is better to rotate the gripping mechanism so that the drum can be tilted forward with respect to the traveling direction. When decelerating, it is preferable to rotate the gripping mechanism so that the drum can be tilted backward with respect to the traveling direction. By doing so, even when the vehicle is driven after the opening and the drum can is conveyed, the contents can be prevented from jumping out by tilting the drum can back and forth appropriately.
[0012]
In addition, by configuring the gripping mechanism to be rotatable, the drum can be rotated 180 degrees by rotating the gripping mechanism after the vehicle has been driven to transport the drum can upward such as a pit, and the top plate is opened. It is also possible to perform charging from the opening. In this case, the opening of the top plate may be performed in advance in another place before the drum can is transported above the pit or the like. However, before the opening, the vehicle is run to transport the drum can above the pit or the like. Then, after opening the top plate of the drum can above the pit or the like, the drum can may be rotated 180 ° by the rotation of the gripping mechanism, and the charging may be performed. Thus, by opening the top plate of the drum can above the pit, the opening and the charging can be performed almost simultaneously. Further, by driving the vehicle before opening and transporting the drum can upward such as a pit, there is no fear of the contents jumping out during the transportation.
[0014]
cutter The end surface of the drum can can be cut by bringing the blade portion formed at the tip of the main body into pressure contact with the top plate of the drum can. In this case, since the non-blade portion is formed on a part of the blade portion, a pair of non-cut portions remain on the top plate of the drum can opposite to each other at locations corresponding to the non-blade portion. Then, in such a state that the top plate of the drum can is cut while leaving the non-cut portion, the pressing portion provided on both sides of the non-blade portion pushes the cut portion of the top plate of the drum can downward toward the inside of the drum can. . Then, the cut portion of the top plate of the drum can is bent toward the inside of the drum can around the line connecting the pair of non-cut portions, and thus the top plate of the drum can is opened.
[0015]
Said The blade portion is preferably made of a wear-resistant metal. For example, beryllium copper may be used as the wear resistant metal. If it does so, the lifetime of a cutter will become about 10 times or more compared with normal steel. In addition, if the blade is made of beryllium copper or the like, wear when opening the top plate of the drum can can be reduced and the occurrence of sparks can be suppressed, so there is a danger even if the drum can is made of flammable material. Few.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an entire opening device 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The opening device 1 of this embodiment is configured using a so-called clamp-type forklift in which a gripping mechanism 2 for gripping a drum can D is mounted in front of the vehicle 3. A cutter 4 for opening the top plate D1 of the drum D held by 2 is disposed.
[0017]
The vehicle 3 includes a front wheel 10 and a rear wheel 11, and at least one of the front wheel 10 and the rear wheel 11 is a drive wheel. Further, the rear wheel 11 is normally a steered wheel, and the vehicle 3 can be driven in a desired direction by appropriately changing the angle of the rear wheel 11. A driver's seat 12 is disposed substantially at the upper center of the vehicle 3. An operator who has entered the driver's seat 12 can control the traveling of the vehicle 3 by operating an accelerator, a handle, etc. (not shown). A pair of left and right columns 13, 13 are erected on the front surface of the vehicle 3, and a cutter 4 and a gripping mechanism 2 are mounted vertically on the front side of the column 13.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 2, the cutter 4 has a guide rod 21 suspended from the lower surface of the support plate 20 attached to the upper ends of the support columns 13, 13, and is lifted and lowered along the guide rod 21. A cutter body 23 is attached to the lower surface side of the plate 22, and a cylinder 24 is interposed between the support plate 20 and the elevating plate 22. The tip of the cutter body 23 (the lower end in FIG. 2) is formed with a sharp blade portion 25. Then, when the lifting plate 22 is lowered along the guide rod 21 by the extension operation of the cylinder 24, as shown by a one-dot chain line 23 'in FIG. The top plate D1 of the drum can D held between the clamp members 40 of the mechanism 2 is brought into contact with the top plate D1 to be opened.
[0019]
Here, FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the cutter body 23 as viewed from below, and FIG. 4 is a development view of the cutter body 23 cut along line AA in FIG. 3 for explanation. . In this embodiment, the cutter body 23 is formed in a cylindrical shape, and the tip (upper end in FIGS. 3 and 4) is formed in a sharp blade portion 25. A flange 26 is formed at the base end (lower end in FIGS. 3 and 4) of the cutter body 23. The cutter body 23 is attached to the lower surface of the elevating plate 22 by screwing or the like using the flange 26.
[0020]
The blade portion 25 is sharply formed, for example, by slanting the front end surface of the cutter body 23, and the angle thereof is, for example, about 45 to 60 °. The cutter body 23 has, for example, a thickness of about 10 mm and an outer diameter φ. A steel pipe (material: S400) having a height of about 510 mm and a height of about 450 mm is processed and created. However, the blade portion 25 is preferably made of a wear-resistant metal such as beryllium copper. The flange 26 is formed by processing a steel material having a thickness of about 20 mm and a diameter of about 600 mm, for example.
[0021]
Further, in the illustrated example, the tip of the cutter body 23 is formed with four top portions 30a, 30b, 30c, and 30d formed to protrude toward the tip side, and recessed between these top portions 30a, 30b, 30c, and 30d. Four valleys 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d are alternately arranged. The apex angles of the apexes 30a, 30b, 30c, and 30d and the internal angles of the valleys 31a, 31b, 31c, and 31d are, for example, about 60 °.
[0022]
Of these four troughs 31a, 31b, 31c, 31d, a trough 31a between the crests 30a, 30b and a trough 31c between the crests 30c, 30d have a non-blade part 32a and a non-blade part 32c. An extended blade portion 32b and an extended blade portion 32d are formed in a valley portion 31b between the top portions 30b and 30c and a valley portion 31d between the top portions 30d and 30a. Thus, the non-blade portions 32a and 32c and the extended blade portions 32b and 32d are alternately arranged at the tip of the cutter body 23.
[0023]
In the illustrated example, the non-blade portions 32 a and 32 c are formed in recessed portions that are recessed from the blade portion 25 that is formed continuously at the tip of the cutter body 23. The non-blade portions 32a and 32c formed in the recesses in this way have, for example, a width of about 60 mm and a depth of about 80 mm. The non-blade portion 32a and the non-blade portion 32c are arranged so as to face the opposite positions (positions in the diameter direction of the cutter body 23 formed in a cylindrical shape) just at the tip of the cutter body 23. Yes.
[0024]
On the other hand, the extended blade portions 32b and 32d are formed by cutting the tip of the cutter body 23 diagonally along one of the blade portions 25 located on both sides of the valley portions 31b and 31d to form grooves 33b and 33d. The inner surfaces of the along grooves 33b and 33d are formed in a sharp shape. Thus, the grooves 33b and 33d for forming the extended blade portions 32b and 32d are formed so that, for example, the width is about 10 mm and the depth is about 20 mm.
[0025]
A pair of pressing members 35 and 35 are provided inside the cutter body 23. As shown in FIG. 3, these pressing members 35, 35 are arranged so as to sandwich the non-blade portions 32 a, 32 c on both sides of the straight line connecting the pair of non-blade portions 32 a, 32 c described above. Further, these pressing members 35, 35 are arranged in a substantially V shape so as to spread toward each other toward the front end side (the upper end side in FIG. 3) of the cutter body 23, and the front ends (the upper end in FIG. 3) of these pressing members 35, 35. ) 35 ′ and 35 ′ are arranged so as to protrude from the bottom surface of the non-blade portions 32 a and 32 c to the tip side (upward in FIG. 3) of the cutter body 23. These pressing members 35 and 35 are formed to have a width of 120 mm and a thickness of about 10 mm, for example. In addition, the inclination angles of the tips 35 ′ and 35 ′ of the pressing members 35 and 35 are preferably inclined about 10 ° with respect to the central axis of the cutter body 23.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 1, the gripping mechanism 2 includes a pair of left and right clamp members 40, 40 and a rotation drive mechanism 41 that drives the clamp members 40, 40. The rotation drive mechanism 41 is configured to open and close the clamp members 40 and 40 and further move the clamp members 40 and 40 up and down along the support column 13. Further, the rotation drive mechanism 41 is arranged around an axis in a horizontal direction (axial direction of the vehicle 3) parallel to the front-rear direction (traveling direction) of the vehicle 3 so that the drum can D held between the clamp members 40, 40 is turned over. The clamp members 40 are configured to rotate integrally. Further, the gripping mechanism 2 moves in the horizontal direction (width direction of the vehicle 3) perpendicular to the front-rear direction (traveling direction) of the vehicle 3 so that the tips 40 ′, 40 ′ of the clamp members 40, 40 are moved up and down together with the support pillar 13. ) Around the axis).
[0027]
That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the drum can D can be held between the clamp members 40, 40 in front of the vehicle 3 by closing the clamp members 40, 40 close to each other by the operation of the rotation drive mechanism 41. it can. Further, the drum can D can be opened from between the clamp members 40, 40 by opening the clamp members 40, 40 away from each other by the operation of the rotation drive mechanism 41.
[0028]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5, with the clamp members 40, 40 closed and the drum can D being gripped, the clamp members 40, 40 are raised along the support column 13 by the operation of the rotary drive mechanism 41. The drum can D held between the clamp members 40, 40 can be lifted up in front of the vehicle 3, and the bottom plate D2 of the drum can D can be lifted from the floor.
[0029]
Further, as shown in FIG. 6, the gripping mechanism 2 together with the support column 13 and the tips 40 ′, 40 of the clamp members 40, 40 with the drum D held between the clamp members 40, 40 lifted upward. The drum can D held between the clamp members 40 and 40 is rotated by turning around a horizontal axis orthogonal to the front-rear direction (traveling direction) of the vehicle 3 so as to move up and down together. 6, the drum can D is tilted forward with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle 3 (the posture shown by the one-dot chain line D in FIG. 6), or the drum can D is tilted backward with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle 3 (FIG. 6). (Posture indicated by solid line D).
[0030]
Further, as shown in FIG. 7, with the drum D held between the clamp members 40, 40 lifted up, the clamp members 40, 40 are moved in the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3 by the operation of the rotation drive mechanism 41 ( The drum can D held between the clamp members 40 and 40 is turned over in front of the vehicle 3 by rotating integrally around a horizontal axis parallel to the travel direction), and the top plate D1 of the drum can D The bottom plate D2 can also be in the posture with the bottom facing down.
[0031]
Further, as shown in FIG. 1, in this embodiment, a partition plate 50 is disposed between the cutter 4 and the driver seat 12. The partition plate 50 is made of, for example, a transparent glass plate or a resin plate so as not to obstruct the field of view of the operator who gets into the driver's seat 12.
[0032]
Now, in the opening device 1 configured as described above, the cutter body 23 is raised by operating the cylinder 24 in a shortened manner in the cutter 4 in advance. In the gripping mechanism 2, the clamp members 40 are opened in advance so as to be separated from each other by the operation of the rotation drive mechanism 41. Then, an operator gets into the driver's seat 12 to drive the vehicle 3, travels the vehicle 3 toward the drum D placed on the floor, and clamps 40, 40 of the gripping mechanism 2 disposed on the front surface of the vehicle 3. The vehicle 3 is moved so that the drum can D is positioned between them.
[0033]
Then, after the drum can D is positioned between the clamp members 40 and 40 and the vehicle 3 is stopped, the clamp members 40 and 40 are closed so as to approach each other by the operation of the rotation drive mechanism 41, and between the clamp members 40 and 40. Grip the drum D. After the drum can D is gripped by the gripping mechanism 2 in this way, as described above with reference to FIG. The drum can D held between the two is lifted up in front of the vehicle 3 and the bottom plate D2 of the drum can D is lifted off the floor. Then, the vehicle 3 is again driven by the operation of the operator, and is conveyed to a position where the drum can D held by the holding mechanism 2 is opened on the front surface of the vehicle 3. Since the drum D is lifted and the bottom plate D2 is transported away from the floor in this way, there is no concern that the bottom plate D2 of the drum can D will be rubbed against the floor during transportation, etc. Is called.
[0034]
Then, after conveying the drum can D to the position where it is opened and stopping the vehicle 3, the rotary drive mechanism 41 is operated to lower the clamp members 40 and 40 together along the column 13, and the bottom plate D2 of the drum can D is moved to the floor. To install. Next, in the cutter 4, the lift plate 22 is lowered along the guide rod 21 by the extension operation of the cylinder 24, and the blade portion 25 at the tip of the lowered cutter body 23 is moved down as shown by a one-dot chain line 23 ′ in FIG. 2. The top plate D1 is opened by contacting the top plate D1 of the drum can D held between the clamp members 40 of the holding mechanism 2. In this way, the bottom plate D2 of the drum can D is placed on the floor and the blade 25 at the tip of the cutter body 23 is pressed against the top plate D1 of the drum can D from above to open the drum can D. The work can be done smoothly because it can be firmly supported on the floor. Further, there is no fear that the force for lowering the cutter body 23 is excessively applied to the gripping mechanism 2. Further, if the blade 25 at the tip of the cutter body 23 is made of a wear-resistant metal such as beryllium copper, the wear when opening the top plate D1 of the drum can D can be reduced, and the generation of sparks can be suppressed. Even if the contents of the drum D are flammable materials, there is little danger. Further, in this embodiment, as described above with reference to FIG. 1, since the partition plate 50 is disposed between the cutter 4 and the driver's seat 12, the contents of the drum D are blown out at the time of opening. Even so, the partition plate 50 can prevent the contents from flying to the driver's seat 12.
[0035]
Here, FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 show the state in which the top plate D1 of the drum D is cut and opened by the cutter 4 in order. That is, when the cutter body 23 starts to descend due to the extension operation of the cylinder 24, first, the top portions 30a, 30b, 30c, 30d formed on the blade portion 25 at the tip of the cutter body 23 (the lower end in FIGS. 8, 9, and 10). Comes into contact with the top plate D1 of the drum D, and cutting is started. As shown in FIG. 8, the top plate D <b> 1 of the drum can D is gradually cut into a circular shape by the blade portion 25 at the tip of the cutter body 23 as the cutter body 23 descends.
[0036]
Then, as shown in FIG. 9, when the cutter 4 is lowered to a position where the blade portion 25 at the tip of the cutter body 23 is lower than the top plate D1 of the drum can D, the cutting by the blade portion 25 is finished, and the top plate of the drum can D is finished. D1 is cut into a substantially circular shape. However, as described above with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, since the pair of non-blade portions 32 a and 32 c are formed facing each other at the blade portion 25 at the tip of the cutter body 23, the tip of the cutter body 23 is thus formed. When the cutter 4 is lowered to a position where the blade portion 25 is lower than the top plate D1 of the drum can D, the top plate D1 of the drum can D has non-cut portions 60 at positions corresponding to the non-blade portions 32a and 32b. A pair will remain facing each other.
[0037]
Then, when the cutter 4 is further lowered in a state where the top plate D1 of the drum D is cut into a substantially circular shape while leaving the non-cut portion 60 in this way, the non-blade portions 32a and 32c are sandwiched as shown in FIG. The front ends (lower ends in FIG. 10) 35 ′, 35 ′ of the pair of pressing members 35, 35 arranged on both sides contact the top plate D1 of the drum D, and the cut portions of the top plate D1 on both sides of the non-cut portion 60. 61 is pressed downward toward the inside of the drum D. Thereby, in the top plate D1 of the drum can D, the cut portion 61 is bent from both sides toward the inside of the drum can D around the line connecting the pair of uncut portions 60, and thus the top plate of the drum can D is formed. D1 is opened.
[0038]
After the opening is thus completed, the cutter body 23 is raised again by shortening the cylinder 24. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the drum D in a state opened through the above steps. In this way, the top plate D1 of the drum can D is bent toward the inside of the drum can D from both sides, with the top plate D1 of the drum can D being centered on the line L connecting the pair of uncut portions 60. Opened.
[0039]
Next, as described above with reference to FIG. 5, the drum member that is lifted together along the support 13 by the operation of the rotation drive mechanism 41 and is held between the clamp members 40, 40. D is lifted up in front of the vehicle 3 and the bottom plate D2 of the drum can D is lifted off the floor. Then, the vehicle 3 travels again by the operation of the operator, and the drum can D gripped by the gripping mechanism 2 on the front surface of the vehicle 3 is transported to an input position such as a pit (position where the contents of the drum can D are input).
[0040]
In addition, when the vehicle 3 is run after the top plate D1 of the drum can D is opened and the drum can D is conveyed in this way, there is a concern that the contents of the drum can D may jump out of the opening. Therefore, when the vehicle 3 is driven after opening, as described above with reference to FIG. 6, the gripping mechanism 2 and the column 13 are rotated around a horizontal axis orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (traveling direction) of the vehicle 3. When the vehicle 3 starts up or accelerates while traveling, the drum can D is tilted forward with respect to the traveling direction of the vehicle 3 (the posture indicated by the one-dot chain line D in FIG. 6). Further, when the vehicle 3 is stopped or decelerated during traveling, the drum can D is inclined backward (indicated by the solid line D in FIG. 6) with respect to the traveling direction. Then, even when the vehicle 3 is driven after opening, the contents of the drum can D can be prevented from jumping out.
[0041]
Thus, as shown in FIG. 7, after the drum can D is transported to the input position P such as a pit, the vehicle 3 is stopped. Then, the clamp members 40, 40 are integrally rotated around a horizontal axis parallel to the front-rear direction of the vehicle 3 (the traveling direction of the vehicle 3) by the operation of the rotary drive mechanism 41. The drum can D that is gripped in between is turned down in front of the vehicle 3 so that the top plate D1 of the drum can D is down and the bottom plate D2 is up. As a result, the contents 65 are dropped by their own weight from the opening of the drum can D where the top plate D1 is opened, and charging is performed. When this charging is performed, the clamp members 40 and 40 are slightly lowered in advance by the operation of the rotary drive mechanism 41 before the drum can D is overturned. It is better not to hit 23.
[0042]
As described above, in the opening device 1 according to this embodiment, the opening and closing operations of the drum can D can be performed by one device. In addition, since the opening device 1 itself can run, there is no need for a dedicated space for opening, and the opening and loading are continuously performed with one device without passing the drum can D on the way. Will be able to. Then, the drum can D opened by the opening device 1 of this embodiment has a cut portion around the line L connecting the pair of non-cut portions 60 in the top plate D1 of the drum can D as shown in FIG. 61 is bent from both sides toward the inside of the drum can D, and the cut portion 61 does not get in the way when the drum can D is turned over and the contents 65 are inserted as described in FIG. Even when the drums D that have become empty are stacked up and down, the cut portion 61 does not hinder.
[0043]
As mentioned above, although an example of preferable embodiment of this invention was demonstrated, this invention is not limited to embodiment described above. For example, when opening the top plate D1 of the drum can D, as shown in FIG. 12, the drum can D is raised by raising the clamp members 40, 40 by the operation of the rotary drive mechanism 41 provided in the gripping mechanism 2. The top plate D1 may be pressed against the blade portion 25 at the tip of the cutter body 23. In this case, the cutter body 23 may be fixed, and the cylinder 24 described with reference to FIG. 2 in the cutter 4 can be omitted, and the structure becomes simple. Further, the opening device can be easily created by simply attaching the cutter 4 to a conventionally known clamp-type forklift.
[0044]
Further, for example, the opening of the top plate D1 may be performed in another place before the drum can D is transported to the input position P such as a pit, but before the opening is performed, the vehicle 3 is driven and the drum can D is input. First, the top plate D1 of the drum can D is opened at the loading position P, and immediately after the opening, the clamp members 40 and 40 of the gripping mechanism 4 are rotated so that the drum can D is turned over. You may make it do. Thus, by opening the top plate D1 of the drum can D at the loading position P, opening and loading can be performed almost simultaneously. Further, by transporting the drum can D in a state before opening, there is no risk of the contents jumping out during the transport.
[0045]
The driving force required for the rotation driving mechanism 41 of the gripping mechanism 2 and the cylinder 24 of the cutter 4 can be ensured by using hydraulic pressure provided in the vehicle 3 such as a forklift. The shape and size of the cutter body 23 may be designed according to the opening area and the opening shape. For example, the shape of the cutter body 23 may be a rectangular tube shape. Furthermore, the cutter body 23 may be rotated when the top plate D1 of the drum can D is cut. Further, by attaching the cutter body 23 to the lower surface of the elevating plate 22 in a detachable manner, various types of blades can be attached, so that the range of use is widened and replacement is easy.
[0046]
【Example】
The opening device of the present invention was actually made using a 1.5-ton forklift, and the drum can was opened. A drum can having a weight of 200 kg, a top plate thickness of 0.5 mm, and a diameter of 600 mm was transported from the storage area to the pit, and the gripping mechanism was lifted as it was to press the drum can against the cutter to open it. Then, after lowering the gripping mechanism by 0.5 m, the drum was turned over and the contents were dropped by gravity. As a result of the example, the opening ability was maintained even when 500 drums were opened.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the opening and closing operation of the drum can can be performed with a single device, and the opening device itself can run, so there is no need for a dedicated space for opening and the like. Opening and loading can be performed continuously with a single device without delivery of drums. For this reason, workability is improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing an entire opening device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a gripping mechanism and a cutter, showing a state where a drum can is installed.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the cutter as viewed from below.
4 is a development view of the cutter main body cut along line AA in FIG. 3. FIG.
FIG. 5 is a side view of the gripping mechanism and the cutter, showing a state where the drum can is lifted.
FIG. 6 is a side view of the gripping mechanism and the cutter, showing a state where the drum can is tilted back and forth.
FIG. 7 is a side view of the opening device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and shows a state in which the contents of the drum can be charged.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the top plate of the drum can is cut open by a cutter.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the top plate of the drum can is cut open by the cutter.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing a state in which the top plate of the drum can is cut open by the cutter.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the drum can opened by the opening device according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a side view of the gripping mechanism and cutter of the opening device according to the embodiment of the present invention configured so that the gripping mechanism can be raised with respect to the cutter, and shows a state where the drum can is raised.
[Explanation of symbols]
D drum
D1 Top plate
1 Opening device
2 Grip mechanism
3 Vehicle
4 Cutter

Claims (5)

ドラム缶を把持するための把持機構を走行可能な車両に装着すると共に,該把持機構の上方にカッターを配置してなる開口装置であって,
前記カッターにおいて,筒状に形成されたカッター本体の下端を鋭利な刃部に形成すると共に,カッター本体の下端の一部に非刃部を対向して一対形成し,かつ,前記カッター本体の内部に,前記刃部によって切断されたドラム缶の天板の切断部分を前記一対の非刃部を結ぶ直線の両側において押圧する押圧部材を設け、
把持機構に対してカッターを相対的に上昇自在に構成し,カッターの相対的な下降動作によって,把持機構に把持されたドラム缶の天板にカッターを押し当ててドラム缶の天板を開口させるように構成したことを特徴とする,ドラム缶の開口装置。
An opening device in which a gripping mechanism for gripping a drum can is mounted on a vehicle capable of traveling, and a cutter is disposed above the gripping mechanism,
In the cutter, a cylindrical lower end of the cutter body is formed into a sharp blade portion, and a pair of non-blade portions are formed facing a part of the lower end of the cutter body, and the inside of the cutter body A pressing member that presses the cut portion of the top plate of the drum can cut by the blade portion on both sides of a straight line connecting the pair of non-blade portions,
The cutter can be raised relative to the gripping mechanism, and the cutter can be pressed against the top plate of the drum can gripped by the gripping mechanism to open the top plate of the drum can by the relative lowering operation of the cutter. A drum can opening device characterized by comprising.
前記把持機構とカッターの両方を昇降自在に構成したことを特徴とする,請求項1に記載のドラム缶の開口装置。  The drum can opening device according to claim 1, wherein both the gripping mechanism and the cutter are configured to be movable up and down. 前記カッターに対して把持機構を上昇自在に構成したことを特徴とする,請求項1に記載のドラム缶の開口装置。  The drum can opening device according to claim 1, wherein a gripping mechanism is configured to be raised with respect to the cutter. 前記把持機構を,水平軸を中心に回動可能に構成したことを特徴とする,請求項1,2又は3のいずれかに記載のドラム缶の開口装置。  4. The drum can opening device according to claim 1, wherein the gripping mechanism is configured to be rotatable about a horizontal axis. 前記刃部を,耐摩耗性金属で構成したことを特徴とする,請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載のドラム缶の開口装置。The drum can opening device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the blade portion is made of a wear-resistant metal.
JP22269898A 1998-08-06 1998-08-06 Drum can opening device Expired - Lifetime JP3955926B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22269898A JP3955926B2 (en) 1998-08-06 1998-08-06 Drum can opening device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP22269898A JP3955926B2 (en) 1998-08-06 1998-08-06 Drum can opening device

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JP2000053192A JP2000053192A (en) 2000-02-22
JP3955926B2 true JP3955926B2 (en) 2007-08-08

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102133951B (en) * 2011-02-22 2012-05-23 山东省路桥集团有限公司 Barrel opening machine for barreled asphalt
KR102918362B1 (en) * 2024-08-19 2026-01-27 주식회사 리앤업 Apparatus for opening drum

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