JP3958151B2 - Seawall / breakwater - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tide / breakwater.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The structure of the conventional tide and breakwater is shown in FIGS. In the conventional tide and breakwaters, the breakwaters 3R and 3L, which are placed facing the sea on both the left and right sides of the channel at the boundary between the inside and outside of the port, are jacketed at both ends facing the river. Steel pipe pile foundations 2R, 2L are provided, membrane structures that serve as shields that open and close water channels whose ends are locked by the steel pipe pile foundations 2R, 2L and that are restricted by the breakwaters 3R, 3L. 1 is provided.
As shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, in this membrane structure 1, a plurality of cable wires 10b receiving axial rigidity resistance are arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction (water depth direction) to support each cable wire 10b. Preferably, a plurality of beam members 1c (steel material, resin material, etc.) are provided in the water depth direction at positions separated by a predetermined distance in the longitudinal direction of the cable wire 10b and provided perpendicular to each cable wire 10b. A member 1c is locked, and a membrane member 1a formed of a material such as a Teflon (registered trademark, the same applies hereinafter) film, an aramid fiber, FRP, or the like is locked in a shape that sticks from the sea side, and has a tension structure. .
[0003]
When the water channels whose entrances are restricted by the left and right breakwaters 3R, 3L are closed, as shown in FIG. 17, the membrane structure that is stretched due to the tidal current is subjected to water pressure from the direction indicated by the arrows.
The water pressure in the cross section is supported by the membrane member 1a, the tensile force in the axial direction (water channel width direction) generated by the water pressure is received by the cable wire 10b, and the reaction force (to counter the tensile force ( For the arrow in the figure, it is supported by jacket-type steel pipe pile foundations 2R, 2L.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional tide and breakwater, the membrane structure 1 (cable wire 10b) is made longer than the channel width in order to disperse the tension. However, when the length of the membrane structure 1 is L and the channel width is B, if L / B is large, it is difficult to keep the membrane structure 1 in a standing posture, and twisting is likely to occur. When the twist occurs, there is a problem that the tide gets over or under the membrane structure 1.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tide / breakwater that prevents tides and waves from getting over.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention according to claim 1 is a tide / breakwater formed by a membrane structure that is provided across the width direction of the water channel and both ends are supported on both sides of the water channel. The membrane structure is arranged in the width direction of the water channel. A plurality of wires provided at intervals in the water depth direction and a film body supported by these wires, and among the wires, the wire in the middle portion in the water depth direction is the longest, and the other wires Is characterized by shortening as it rises and falls .
[0007]
In the present invention, since the wire in the intermediate portion in the depth direction is long, the intermediate portion swells. As a result, the disturbance of the load on the upper and lower parts in the water depth direction turns to the inside (intermediate part), and a structurally stable state can be obtained and the twist can be suppressed.
[0008]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the tide / breakwater according to the first aspect, of the wires, the upper wire is longer than the lower wire in the water depth direction.
[0009]
If the lower wire is longer than the upper part, water may sink from under the membrane structure, and the water pressure acts upward, so that the membrane body is lifted up and leaks from the lower end. In the present invention, the water pressure supported by the membrane structure is directed downward, and the membrane body can be pressed down to prevent water leakage from the lower end portion of the membrane body.
[0010]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tide / breakwater formed by a membrane structure that is provided across the width direction of the water channel and both ends thereof are supported on both sides of the water channel, and the membrane structure is arranged in the width direction of the water channel. A plurality of wires provided at intervals in the water depth direction, and a film body supported by these wires. Of the wires, both ends of the wire in the intermediate portion in the water depth direction are connected to other wires. The film is fixed closer to the direction in which the membrane swells along the water channel than both ends.
[0011]
In the present invention, since both ends of the wire in the intermediate portion in the depth direction are fixed toward the direction in which the membrane swells along the water channel, the bulge becomes larger than the other wires. As a result, the disturbance of the load on the upper and lower parts in the water depth direction turns to the inside (intermediate part), and it becomes a structurally stable state and water leakage can be prevented.
[0012]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the tide / breakwater according to the third aspect, among the wires, both ends of the upper wire in the water depth direction are along the water channel rather than both ends of the lower wire in the water depth direction. It is characterized in that the membrane is fixed toward the direction of swelling.
[0013]
If the swelling of the lower part is larger than the upper part of the film body, water may sink from under the film structure, and the water pressure acts upward, so that the film body is lifted up and leaks from the lower end. In the present invention, the water pressure supported by the membrane structure is directed downward, and the membrane body can be pressed down to prevent water leakage from the lower end portion of the membrane body.
[0014]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the tide / breakwater according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, the lower end of the film body has a surplus extending below the lowermost wire of the plurality of wires. A portion is formed.
[0015]
In the present invention, the surplus portion is pressed against the water bottom by water pressure. Then, the film is prevented from turning up by the frictional force with the water bottom. Thereby, even when the space | interval between the wire of the lowest end and the water bottom is open, the water shielding between a wire and a water bottom is performed.
[0016]
The invention described in claim 6 is characterized in that, in the tide / breakwater according to claim 5, a support body that supports an excess portion of the film body is fixed to the lowermost wire.
[0017]
In the present invention, a support body that is a rigid structure is provided on the lowermost wire, and the surplus portion is supported by the rigid structure. One end of the support is fixed to the lowermost wire, and the other end is supported by the water bottom. As a result, the surplus part of the film body is reliably supported by the lowermost wire, the support, and the bottom of the water, so even if there is a gap between the lowermost wire and the bottom of the water, there is a gap between the wire and the bottom of the water. Water shielding is performed more efficiently.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, about the structure same as the past, the same code | symbol is used and the description is abbreviate | omitted.
What is shown in FIG. 1 is the tide / breakwater shown as one embodiment of the present invention, and reference numeral 10 is a membrane structure. The membrane structure 10 is a shield that opens and closes a water channel whose entrance is restricted by the breakwaters 3R and 3L.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in this membrane structure 10, a plurality of cable wires 10b receiving axial rigidity resistance are arranged at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction (water depth direction) to support each cable wire 10b. Accordingly, a plurality of beam members 10c (steel materials, resin materials, etc.) are provided extending in the water depth direction at positions separated by a predetermined distance in the longitudinal direction of the cable wire 10b and perpendicular to each cable wire 10b. 10c is locked, and a membrane member 10a formed of a material such as a Teflon (registered trademark, the same applies hereinafter) film, an aramid fiber, FRP, or the like is locked to form a tension structure from the sea side.
[0023]
Here, the length of each cable wire 10b is not uniform, and as shown in FIG. 4, the cable wire 10b in the middle part in the depth direction is set longer than the other cable wires 10b. FIG. 4 is a diagram comparing the lengths of the wires in a state where the cable wire 10b is linearly extended.
In this embodiment, the both ends of each cable wire 10b are fixed to the steel pipe pile foundations 2R and 2L. That is, it is fixed at the same position in the width direction of the water channel.
FIG. 5 shows a state of the cable wire 10b when the membrane structure 10 is used. As shown in the figure, since the cable wire 10b in the intermediate portion in the water depth direction is long, the intermediate portion swells. As a result, the disturbance of the load at the upper and lower parts in the water depth direction goes to the inside (intermediate part), and it becomes a structurally stable state, and the occurrence of torsion can be suppressed and tide leakage can be prevented.
[0024]
6 to 9 show tensions when the length pattern of the cable wire 10b is variously changed under the condition that the cable wire 10b at the intermediate portion in the depth direction is longer than the others. It is desirable that the tension is smaller and nearly uniform.
In FIG. 6, one of the cable wires 10b at the middle in the depth direction is the longest, and the other is uniformly shortened as it rises and descends. In this case, the tension of the longest cable wire 10b is small, and the tension between the upper end, the lower end, and the intermediate portion is large.
In FIG. 7, the plurality of cable wires 10b in the middle part are all the maximum length, and the others are equally shortened as they rise and fall. In this case, the tension protrudes at the center of the longest cable 10b.
In FIG. 8, the cable wire 10b at the middle in the depth direction is the longest, and the others are shortened at a larger ratio as they rise and fall.
In FIG. 9, the cable wire 10b at the middle in the depth direction is the longest, and the others are shortened at a larger ratio as they rise and fall, but at the upper end and the lower end, the cable wire 10b becomes shorter at a gradually decreasing ratio.
[0025]
As a modification, the following configuration may be used.
As shown in FIG. 10, for each cable wire 10b, the length of the cable wire 10b on the lower end side from the upper end side may be shortened. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, the water pressure supported by the membrane structure 10 is directed downward, and works to press the membrane structure 10 against the seabed. If the lower end is longer, the membrane structure 10 is lifted up, and water may leak from under the membrane structure 10. Therefore, it is better to shorten the cable wire 10b on the lower end side.
Moreover, in said example, the both ends of each cable wire 10b are being fixed to steel pipe pile foundation 2R, 2L. That is, it is fixed at the same position in the width direction of the water channel. However, you may make it fix the both ends of the wire 10b of a water depth direction intermediate part near the direction which a film | membrane swells along the said water channel rather than the both ends of the other wire 10b. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 12, in the steel pipe pile foundations 2R ′ and 2L ′ to which the wire 10b is fixed as shown in FIG. However, it is fixed to the direction in which the membrane swells by receiving an external force from other wires. The lengths of the wires 10b themselves may all be the same. FIG. 13A shows a perspective view, and FIG. 13B shows a top view. In each figure, only the cable wire 10b is shown, and the membrane member 10a is omitted.
Also with this configuration, the occurrence of twist can be suppressed and leakage of tide can be prevented in the same manner as described above.
Furthermore, the modification was shown in FIG. In this modified example, in the steel pipe pile foundations 2R ″ and 2L ″ to which the wire 10b is fixed, the membrane swells at both ends of the upper wire 10b in the water depth direction along the water channel than at both ends of the wire 10b in the lower water depth direction. It is designed to be fixed toward the direction.
Also in this case, as in the example of FIGS. 10 and 11, the water pressure works to press the membrane structure 10 against the seabed, so that water leakage can be suppressed.
[0026]
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described. Embodiment described below may be applied with respect to the said embodiment and modification, and may be independently applied to another tide and a breakwater. The basic configuration of the membrane structure is the same as that of the above-described embodiment, and the description of the same configuration is omitted by using the same reference numerals.
In FIG. 15, reference numeral 12 denotes a membrane member 10 a extending downward from the lowermost cable wire 10 b (hereinafter, indicated by reference numeral 10 b ′), and this portion is hereinafter referred to as a surplus portion. Usually, the sea bottom is not flat, and a gap 13 is formed between the cable wire 10b ′ at the lowest end and the sea bottom. The height of the surplus portion 12 (the distance between the lowermost cable wire 10b ′ and the lower end of the surplus portion 12) is at least higher than the gap 13 and is sufficiently high to be pressed against the seabed.
By being configured in this way, the surplus portion 12 is pressed against the seabed by water pressure. Then, the film member 10a is prevented from turning up by the frictional force with the seabed. Thereby, even when the space | interval between the cable wire 10b 'of the lowest end and the seabed is open, the water leak from the downward direction of the membrane structure 10 can be prevented.
[0027]
More preferably, the surplus part 12 exhibits the water shielding performance more effectively by configuring as follows.
In FIG. 16, reference numeral 15 denotes a support fixed to the lowermost cable wire 10b ′. The support 15 is composed of a rigid structure such as a rod or plate. The lower end of the support 15 is supported on the seabed outside the port. In addition, when using a rod-shaped structure as the support body 15, it provides with two or more at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction.
By being configured in this manner, the surplus portion 12 is reliably supported by the lowermost cable wire 10b ′, the support body 15, and the seabed, so that the surplus portion 12 is also prevented from flowing into the harbor due to water pressure. It is possible to prevent water leakage from below the membrane structure 10. In addition, as a support body, you may employ | adopt the thing made into the net form combining the rod other than a rod-shaped and plate-shaped rigid structure.
[0028]
In each of the above examples, the cable wire 10b, the beam member 10c, and the membrane member 10a may be fixed or may not be fixed.
Further, the present invention can be applied to any water channel, and may be applied to any location such as an estuary, a river, and the sea.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the following effects can be obtained in the present invention.
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the disturbance of the load on the upper and lower parts in the water depth direction goes to the inner side (intermediate part), and is in a structurally stable state, thereby preventing water leakage.
According to the invention described in claim 2, since the water pressure supported by the membrane structure is directed downward, the membrane body is pressed against the water bottom, so that leakage from the lower end of the membrane body can be prevented.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the disturbance of the load on the upper and lower parts in the water depth direction turns to the inner side (intermediate part), and is in a structurally stable state, thereby preventing water leakage.
According to the invention described in claim 4, since the water pressure supported by the membrane structure is directed downward, the membrane body is pressed against the water bottom, so that leakage from the lower end of the membrane body can be prevented.
According to the invention described in claim 5, since the surplus portion is pressed against the water bottom by the water pressure, it is possible to prevent water leakage from below the membrane structure.
According to the invention described in claim 6, since the surplus portion is pressed against the support body by the water pressure, it is possible to prevent water leakage from below the membrane structure .
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a plan view showing when a waterway of a seawater / breakwater shown as one embodiment of the present invention is closed.
FIG. 2 is a side sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a front view taken along the line BB in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a diagram comparing the lengths of cable wires used for the current tide and breakwater.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state when the cable wire is used.
FIG. 6 is a view showing the length and tension of the cable wire.
FIG. 7 is a view showing the length and tension of the cable wire.
FIG. 8 is a view showing the length and tension of the cable wire.
FIG. 9 is a view showing the length and tension of the cable wire.
FIG. 10 is a diagram comparing the lengths of cable wires used in a tide / breakwater shown as a modification.
FIG. 11 is a side cross-sectional view when the tide / breakwater is used.
FIG. 12 is a view showing a steel pipe pile foundation used for a tide and breakwater shown as a modified example.
FIG. 13 is a tide / breakwater shown as a modified example, (a) is a perspective view, and (b) is a top view.
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a tide / breakwater shown as a modification.
FIG. 15 is a side sectional view showing a lower part of a tide / breakwater shown as another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 16 is a side sectional view showing a lower portion of a tide / breakwater shown as a further modification of the embodiment.
FIG. 17 is a plan view showing a conventional tide and breakwater blockage.
FIG. 18 is a plan view showing the tide and breakwater at the time of opening a waterway.
FIG. 19 is a side sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
20 is a front view taken along arrow BB in FIG. 19. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Membrane structure 10a Membrane body 10b Cable wire 12 Surplus part 15 Support body

Claims (6)

In the tide and breakwater formed by a membrane structure that is provided across the width of the water channel and both ends are supported on both sides of the water channel,
The membrane structure includes a plurality of wires provided across the width direction of the water channel and spaced apart in the water depth direction, and a membrane body supported by these wires,
Of the above-mentioned wires, the tide / breakwater is characterized in that the middle wire in the depth direction is the longest and the other wires are shortened as they rise and fall . In the tide and breakwater according to claim 1,
Of the above-mentioned wires, the tide / breakwater is characterized in that the upper wire is longer than the lower wire in the water depth direction. In the tide and breakwater formed by a membrane structure that is provided across the width of the water channel and both ends are supported on both sides of the water channel,
The membrane structure includes a plurality of wires provided across the width direction of the water channel and spaced apart in the water depth direction, and a membrane body supported by these wires,
Among the wires, both ends of the wire in the intermediate portion in the depth direction are fixed closer to the direction in which the film swells along the water channel than both ends of the other wires. In the tide and breakwater according to claim 3,
Among the wires, both ends of the upper wire in the depth direction are fixed closer to the direction in which the film swells along the water channel than both ends of the lower wire in the depth direction. In the tide and breakwater according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The seawall / breakwater is characterized in that, at the lower end of the film body, an excessive portion extending downward from the lowermost wire of the plurality of wires is formed. In the tide and breakwater according to claim 5,
A tide / breakwater, characterized in that a support for supporting an excess part of the film body is fixed to the lowermost wire.

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