JP3959779B2 - Coupling shear pin degradation judgment method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for determining a deterioration of a shear pin of a coupling having a shear pin.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Couplings equipped with shear pins are used in rolling mills, etc., and will be damaged in advance when an excessive load is likely to be applied to the rolling mill, preventing damage to the reducer and motor due to excessive loads. It can be done.
[0003]
Although the shear pin of the coupling deteriorates with long-term use, conventionally, the shear pin has only to be replaced periodically. As disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 64-38109, the coupling Even though there is a device that detects that the shear pin is cut, it has not been possible to grasp the deterioration state of the shear pin that deteriorates with time of use.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional method of simply exchanging the shear pin of the coupling has the following problems. That is, in the case of a hot rolling mill, the shear pin is cut, so that the rolling mill body or the speed reducer and the electric motor are not damaged, but the shear pin is cut and rolling is interrupted. Then, since the rolled material being rolled is cooled, it is necessary to take out the rolled material from the rolling mill, and there is a problem that labor and processing time for that purpose become enormous.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems of the prior art, and provides a method for determining the deterioration of a shear pin of a coupling that can easily grasp the deterioration state of the shear pin of the coupling. The purpose is that.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A shear pin deterioration determining method for a coupling according to the present invention is a method for determining a shear pin deterioration of a coupling provided with a shear pin, wherein a magnetomotive member is arranged in each of the driving side coupling and the driven side coupling. Then, a magnetomotive element arranged in one coupling passes through each of the first and second fixed points that are set a certain distance (X) apart in the rotation direction of the coupling and close to the outer peripheral surface of the coupling. Detecting the timing at which the magnetism generator arranged in the other coupling passes through the first or second fixed point, thereby detecting the first and second of the magnetism generator arranged in one coupling. The time required for passing between fixed points (Ta) and the first or second fixed point passing time difference (T) between both generators are ascertained, and based on these values, the drive-side generator and the driven-side generator are separated from each other. How to rotate Shift amount (Z) was calculated by the following equation, and then calculates the amount of this displacement (Z) shift amount and the initial difference (Z ₀₎ from the displacement amount (S), the difference between the displacement amount (S) is A method for determining the deterioration of a shear pin of a coupling, comprising: determining that the shear pin has deteriorated when an allowable value is exceeded.
Z = (X / T a ) × T
[0007]
Assuming that the distance between the first fixed point and the second fixed point is X, the amount of deviation in the rotational direction between the driving side generator and the driven side generator is Z, and the peripheral speed of the coupling is v, the above T is (1) in formula, also T _a can be expressed by the following equation (2).
T = Z / v (1)
T _a = X / v (2)
[0008]
Therefore, the ratio T / T _a between T and T _a can be expressed by the following equation (3).
T / T _a = Z / X (3)
[0009]
In (3), since X (fixed point distance) is a constant value, that the value of T / T _a is increased, the deviation amount Z increases, i.e. Shah - that deterioration of the pin progresses at it is, if always understand the value of T / T _a, Sha - the deterioration of the pin can be determined.
[0010]
The value of T / T _a, if there is no change in displacement amount Z, is constant irrespective of the peripheral speed of the coupling, without having to worry about the peripheral speed of the coupling, Shah by T / T _a - Pin degradation can be determined.
[0011]
The magnetism generator (magnetic scale sensor) is used as a medium for detecting the passage so that a coil sensor is arranged at a fixed point so as to grasp the change with time of the induced voltage generated by the passage of the magnetism. In this case, the detection accuracy of the passage timing is as very good as ± 1 μm or less, and the response frequency is 4 KHz and the response is good.
[0013]
The distance X between the first fixed point and a second fixed point, the value X / T _a divided by time T _a required for driving side or driven side onset magnetized body passes the distance takes also healed without at that time This is the peripheral speed of the coupling.
[0014]
Therefore, the time difference T of the drive side onset magnet body and the driven side onset magnet body has passed the first or second fixed point, multiplied by the peripheral velocity X / T _a, and the drive-side onset magnet body on the outer peripheral surface of the coupling The distance (deviation amount Z) from the driven-side magnet can be obtained.
[0015]
When the shear pin of the coupling is deformed due to fatigue, the shift amount Z becomes larger than the initial shift amount Z _{0 where the} shear pin is not deformed.
[0016]
Therefore, the difference S between the initial deviation amount Z ₀ and the deviation amount Z for each elapsed time is always calculated by the equation S = Z−Z ₀ , and when the difference S becomes larger than an allowable constant value, -It can be determined that the pin has deteriorated.
[0017]
Further, when a coil sensor is arranged at each of the first and second fixed points, and a magnet generator arranged in the drive side coupling or a magnet generator arranged in the driven side coupling passes through these sensors. The induction voltage is generated in these sensors, and the timing at which the voltage becomes 0 when the value of the generated induction voltage changes from positive to negative or from negative to positive is set as the passage timing of the magnet generator. .
[0018]
The distance X between the two fixed points described above so large Torezu, and since the deviation amount Z is not a even larger value, a very short time with the T and T _a.
Thus, measurements of T and T _a are apt to greater error.
[0019]
However, since the induced voltage generated when the magnetism generator passes through the coil sensor has the following characteristics, the timing at which the magnetism generator passes the fixed point can be accurately grasped.
[0020]
That is, as the time passes, the induced voltage increases from the voltage 0 state to the negative voltage as time passes, and after the negative voltage reaches the maximum value, the voltage rises and changes to the voltage 0 state. After that, it becomes a positive voltage. Then, after the positive voltage reaches the maximum value, the voltage decreases toward 0. On the other hand, the induced voltage increases from the voltage 0 state to a positive voltage, and after the positive voltage reaches the maximum value, the voltage turns down and goes to a negative voltage after the voltage 0 state. Then, after the negative voltage reaches the maximum value, the voltage increases toward zero.
[0021]
Since the induced voltage changes with the above-described cycle with the passage of time, if the timing at which the voltage becomes 0 in the middle of this cycle is captured, the accurate passage timing of the magnetomotive member can be grasped.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The method for determining the deterioration of the shear pin of the coupling according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 (a) shows a detector in which a magnetomotive member is arranged in the coupling and the passage of the magnetomotive member is detected in the vicinity of the outer peripheral surface of the coupling in order to carry out this method of determining the shear pin deterioration of the coupling. FIG. 1B is a front view, and FIG. 1C is a block diagram showing a configuration of a device for determining deterioration of the shear pin.
[0023]
In this method of determining the deterioration of the shear pin of the coupling, the magnetism generator 5 that can be detected from the outer peripheral surface side is disposed on the drive side coupling 4 of the coupling 2 to which the shear pin 1 is attached and connected to the drive shaft 3. At the same time, a magnetomotive member 8 that is connected to the driven shaft 6 and can be detected from the outer peripheral surface side is disposed on the driven side coupling 7. The magnetism generator 5 and the magnetism generator 8 do not necessarily have to be at the same position in the circumferential direction of the coupling 2.
[0024]
Then, in order to detect the passing timing of the rotating driving-side magnetomotive member 5, a driving-side first passage detector (coil sensor) 9 and a driving-side second passage detector (coil sensor) 10 are connected to a cup. The ring 2 is arranged at a certain distance (X) in the rotation direction and close to the outer peripheral surface of the coupling 2. Further, the driven-side passage detector 11 is also brought close to the outer peripheral surface of the coupling 2 in order to detect the timing at which the driven-side magnet generator 8 passes the position where the drive-side first passage detector 9 is disposed. Arrange.
[0025]
Then, the signal on the passing time T ₁ of the driving-side magnet generator 5 detected by the driving-side first passage detector 9 is sent to the driving-side magnet generator passing time calculator 12 and the time difference calculator 13 to detect the driving-side second passage. The signal of the passing time T ₂ of the driving-side generator 5 detected by the generator 10 is sent to the driving-side generator passing time calculator 12 and the passing time T of the driven-side generator 5 detected by the driven-side detector 11. The signal ₃ is input to the time difference calculator 13.
[0026]
Then, the driving side onset magnetized body passes required time calculator 12 calculates the passing time required T _a as _{T a = (T 2 -T 1} ). The time difference calculator 13 calculates the time difference T as T = (T ₃ −T ₁ ).
[0027]
The value of the computed T _a and T as described above is sent to the time ratio calculator 14, the value of T / T _a is calculated. The values of the calculated T / T _a is Sha - is sent to pin degradation determination unit 15, is compared to the difference between S permissible value A and the deviation amount is set in advance by the setting device 16, the value of S-A When the value exceeds a certain value, it is determined that the pin has deteriorated, and the shear pin 1 is replaced.
[0028]
Next, a method for determining a shear pin deterioration of a coupling according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In this method of determining the deterioration of the shear pin, in order to carry out the method of determining the deterioration of the shear pin of the coupling, a magnet generator is arranged in the coupling, and the magnet generator passes through close to the outer peripheral surface of the coupling. 2 is the same as that of the coupling shear pin degradation determination method of the first embodiment, so that the description thereof is omitted, and the degradation of the shear pin of FIG. 2 is determined. This shear pin deterioration determining method will be described based on a block diagram showing the configuration of the device to be operated.
[0029]
A signal of the passage time T ₁ of the drive-side magnet generator 5 detected by the drive-side first passage detector 9 is sent to the drive-side magnet generator passage required time calculator 12 and the time difference calculator 13, and the drive-side second passage detector 10. The signal of the passing time T ₂ of the driving-side generator 5 detected in step S ₂ is output to the driving-side generator passing time calculator 12 and the passing time T ₃ of the driven-side generator 8 detected by the driven-side passing detector 11. The signal is input to the time difference calculator 13.
[0030]
Then, the driving side onset magnetized body passes required time calculator 12 calculates the passing time required T _a as _{T a = (T 2 -T 1} ). The time difference calculator 13 calculates the time difference T as T = (T ₃ −T ₁ ).
[0031]
The value of the computed T _a and T as described above is sent to the shift amount computing unit 17, in advance first passing setter 18 driving side is set by the detector 9 and the driving-side second passage detector Using the distance X to 10, the deviation amount Z is calculated by an arithmetic expression of Z = {(X / T _a ) × T}.
[0032]
The calculated deviation amount Z value is sent to the deviation amount difference calculator 19, and the initial deviation amount Z ₀ set in advance by the setting device 20, that is, when the shear pin 1 is not deteriorated is a new one. Using the circumferential distance between the drive-side magnet generator 5 and the driven-side magnet generator 8, the deviation amount difference S is calculated by an equation of S = (Z−Z ₀ ).
[0033]
The value of the deviation amount difference S is sent to the sharp pin deterioration determination unit 21 and compared with the allowable value B set in advance by the setting unit 22, and deteriorates when the value of S−B exceeds a certain value. It is determined that the shear pin 1 has been replaced.
[0034]
It should be noted that the detection of the passage timing of the drive side and driven side generators need not be performed every rotation, and the detection interval may be set as necessary.
[0035]
Further, if the circumferentially arranged positions of the magnetic generators when the shear pin 1 is new are set to the same positions on the drive side and the driven side, the above-described initial shift amount Z ₀ becomes 0. The deterioration of the shear pin 1 can be determined by the deviation amount Z itself.
[0036]
In the present invention, the passage of the magnetizing body is detected by the change in voltage, as shown in the graph showing the change in voltage over time in FIG. 3, the change in the direction of the voltage accompanying the passage of the magnetizing body is captured, This is because, when the voltage is 0, it is possible to grasp the difference as a passage time even if the passage time difference is very small.
[0037]
In FIG. 3, a line a ₁ indicates a change in voltage when the drive-side first passage detector 9 detects passage of the drive-side magnetomotive member 5, and a line a ₂ is driven by the drive-side second passage detector 10. shows the change in voltage when detecting the passage of the side onset magnetized member 5, line b ₁ shows the change in the voltage when detecting the passage of the driven onset magnetized body 8 at the driven-side passage detector 11, T _a Indicates the time required for passing between the fixed points of the driving-side generator 5 and T indicates the difference in passing time between the driving-side generator 5 and the driven-side generator 8 passing through the same fixed point.
[0038]
As shown in FIG. 4, the distance from the axis O of the drive shaft 3 to the drive-side magnet generator 5 and the driven-side magnet generator 8 is r ₁ , and the mounting position of the shear pin 1 from the axis O of the drive shaft 3 If the distance up to r ₂ is r ₂ , the shift amount (deformation amount) z between the center line on the drive shaft 3 side of the shear pin 1 and the center line on the driven shaft 6 side of the shear pin 1 is the above-described shift. Using the quantity difference S, the following equation can be used.
z = S × (r ₂ / r ₁ )
[0039]
Further, when the rotational speed of the coupling is changed, the drive-side onset magnetized member 5 and time T _a taken to transit the distance X between the second passage detector 10 driving side of the first passage detector 9 driven side the first passage detector 9 drive side and driven side onset magnet body 5 and the driven onset magnetized body 8 and the time difference T that passes will vary, respectively, if there is no change in the actual amount of deviation, the T / T _a Since the value is constant regardless of the change in the number of rotations of the coupling, the calculated deviation Z is the same value at any number of rotations.
[0040]
Therefore, the rotational speed when the initial deviation amount Z ₀ is grasped may be different from the rotational speed when the deviation amount Z that changes every moment is grasped. That is, the shift amount can be grasped without worrying about the rotation speed.
[0041]
Furthermore, it is possible to grasp the amount of rattling of the coupling by rotating the coupling forward and backward.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the deterioration state of the shear pin of the coupling that changes with time can be easily grasped, the shear pin can be replaced before it is broken, and a line trouble caused by the shear pin breakage is avoided. be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a method for determining a shear pin deterioration of a coupling according to a first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. Is a front view, and (c) is a block diagram showing a configuration of a device for determining deterioration of a shear pin.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a configuration of an apparatus in a method for determining a shear pin deterioration of a coupling according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a change with time of an induced voltage generated along with passage of a magnetic generator.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining that a deformation amount of a shear pin can be grasped based on a shift amount.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 shear pin 2 coupling 3 drive shaft 4 drive side coupling 5 magnetism generator (drive side)
6 Driven shaft 7 Driven side coupling 8 Magnetizer (driven side)
9 Driving side first passage detector 10 Driving side second passage detector 11 Driven side passage detector 12 Driving side magnetizing body passage time calculator 13 Time difference calculator 14 Time ratio calculator 15 Sharp pin deterioration determiner 16 Setting 17 Displacement amount calculator 18 Setter 19 Deviation amount difference calculator 20 Setter 21 Sharp pin deterioration determiner 22 Setter

Claims (2)

A method for determining a deterioration of a shear pin of a coupling having a shear pin, wherein a magnetomotive member is arranged in each of the driving side coupling and the driven side coupling and separated by a certain distance (X) in the rotation direction of the coupling And the timing at which the magnetizing body arranged in one coupling passes through each of the first and second fixed points determined close to the outer peripheral surface of the coupling, and the magnetizing body arranged in the other coupling By detecting the timing of passing through the first or second fixed point, the time required for passing between the first and second fixed points of the magnetomotive member arranged in one coupling (T a ) And the first or second fixed point passing time difference (T) of both the generators, and based on these values, the amount of deviation (Z) in the rotational direction between the drive-side generator and the driven-side generator Is calculated by the following equation, and then the deviation amount (Z) and the initial deviation amount (Z ₀ ) To calculate the difference (S) in the deviation amount, and when the deviation amount difference (S) exceeds an allowable value, it is determined that the shear pin has deteriorated. Degradation judgment method.
Z = (X / T a ) × T When a coil sensor is disposed at each of the first and second fixed points, and when the magnet generator disposed in the driving side coupling or the magnet generator disposed in the driven side coupling passes through these sensors, Inductive voltage is generated in the sensor, and the timing at which the voltage becomes 0 when the value of the generated induced voltage changes from positive to negative or from negative to positive is defined as the passage timing of the magnetomotive member. 2. A method for determining a shear pin deterioration of a coupling according to claim 1.

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