JP3961718B2 - Machine room-less elevator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a machine room-less elevator, and more particularly, to a machine room-less elevator that constitutes a machine room-less elevator system that drives a car by an electric motor installed in a machine space in a hoistway or in a narrow hoistway side.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In conventional elevator systems, the car and the counterweight are suspended in a rope shape (1: 1 roping), and the sheave on which the rope is hung and the electric motor coupled thereto are allocated as a separate room at the top of the hoistway. Installed in a machine room with a control panel as a power source. On the other hand, in a model having a slightly lower rated speed and less noise increase even when a high-speed motor is used, the car and the counterweight move respectively by a distance that is 1/2 of the movement distance per rotation of the motor. One roping method was adopted.
[0003]
On the other hand, the recent trend of elevator systems is the shadow space, that is, the upper clearance between the space in the hoistway and the hoistway wall and the hoistway to eliminate the rooftop machine room protruding from the top of the building. Attention has been focused on machine room-less elevators that have been devised, such as using a pit as a hoist installation space.
[0004]
Of these machine room-less elevators, the method of installing an electric motor in the gap above the hoistway is essential for placement and mounting in a limited installation space where the motor itself must be extremely thin in the axial direction of the rotor. It is. Regarding an electric motor body thinning system, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-10434 proposes an elevator system having a disk-like rotor.
[0005]
In addition, the hoisting machine is installed in the pit of the hoistway, the driving of the car is underslung, the pulley is provided for the counterweight, two turning pulleys are provided at the uppermost part of the hoistway, and the two rope ends are at the uppermost part. A machine room-less elevator of a 2: 1 roping method that is fixed to the machine has also been proposed.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the technology of the above publication has a limit in reducing the thickness of the electric motor as the rated speed and the load load increase, and there is a problem that it is difficult to apply the thin motor in a large capacity elevator.
[0007]
In addition, the 2: 1 roping type machine room-less elevator also has a very long total rope length in an elevator with a high rated speed, that is, an elevator with a long hoistway length. There is a problem that undesired vibration is likely to occur due to interference with the elevator speed control system.
[0008]
An object of the present invention is a machine room-less elevator system in which an electric motor is installed in a hoistway in view of the above-mentioned various problems, and is adapted to a specification in which the electric motor has a large capacity or a long hoistway length. It is to provide a machine room-less elevator capable.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention employs the following means in order to solve the above problems.
[0010]
An electric motor is installed in the hoistway space or protruding from the side surface of the hoistway space, and the car and the counterweight are connected via a rope that suspends the car and the counterweight by the driving force of the sheave driven by the electric motor. In the machine room-less elevator that lifts and lowers, the roping ratio on the car side is made smaller than the roping ratio on the counterweight side, and the rotation shaft of the sheave is arranged substantially parallel to the hoistway wall surface, and The rotating shaft of the counterweight-side turning pulley is arranged substantially perpendicular to the hoistway wall surface .
[0012]
Further, in a machine room-less elevator according to claim 1 Symbol placement, the electric motor is characterized in that it is installed in the vertical direction of the center height or more positions of the hoistway.
[0013]
Further, in a machine room-less elevator according to claim 1 Symbol placement, the electric motor and the sheave and being disposed in the upper extension space of space lifting of the counterweight.
[0016]
The machine room-less elevator according to claim 1 is characterized in that a second electric motor for driving the turning pulley is connected and double-driven.
[0025]
The feature in a machine room-less elevator according to claim 1 Symbol placement, the electric motor and with arranging the inspection stand the sheaves, that the fixed end of the building side of the counterweight side rope, attached to the inspection table And
[0033]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
First, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0034]
Fig.1 (a) is a top view which shows the whole structure of the machine room less elevator which concerns on this embodiment, FIG.1 (b) is the front view.
[0035]
In these drawings, 1 is a hoistway wall on which a car 2 and a counterweight 3 are raised and lowered, 2 is a car, 3 is a counterweight, 4 is a rope, 5 and 6 are turning pulleys, and 8 is provided on the top of the hoistway. Beams for supporting the turning pulleys 5 and 6, 9 an electric motor, 10 a pulley provided on the counterweight 3, 11 a rope fixed end to which one end of the rope 4 is fixed, 12 an inspection table, and 13 an inspection table 12 14 is a control panel, 15 is a metal strip, 71 is a sheave, and 72 is a turning pulley.
[0036]
The beam 8 may be supported on the building side, or may be fastened to the top of a travel guide rail (not shown) such as the car 2 to take a form that does not interfere with the building.
[0037]
As shown in these drawings, a rope 4 is connected to the car 2 and reaches a sheave 71 and a turning pulley 72 via turning pulleys 5 and 6. The rope 4 is wound around the sheave 71 with a sufficient wrap angle so that the driving force of the electric motor 9 is transmitted, reaches the pulley 10 of the counterweight 3 via the pulley 72, changes direction, and the end thereof is inspected. It reaches the rope fixed end 11 of the base 12. Here, the roping between the car 2 and the electric motor 9 is 1: 1, and the roping ratio between the electric motor 9 and the counterweight 3 is 2: 1. Since the former roping ratio is set to a value lower than the latter, the moving space length of the counterweight 3 is shorter in the vertical direction than the moving space length of the car 2.
[0038]
According to the present embodiment, the moving distance of the counterweight 3 is ½ of the moving distance of the car due to the difference in the roping ratio, and a space where the counterweight 3 does not move can be twisted above the counterweight 3. The hoisting machine such as the electric motor 9 and the sheave 71 can be installed in the non-moving space. This installation place can be arranged anywhere from the middle point of the hoistway to the upper part, and it has a great degree of freedom in the layout and layout of the building.
[0039]
In addition, in the present embodiment, the rope 4 is sufficiently wound around the sheave 71 in order to secure the adhesion between the rope 4 and the sheave 71, and the turning pulley 72 having a smaller diameter than the sheave 71 is used. A wrapping method is used in which the rope 4 is routed to the counterweight 3 side. In this system, the turning pulley 72 does not apply a driving force for the purpose of turning, so it may have a small diameter, and the installation place in the radial direction does not increase. However, although there is a drawback that causes an increase in the vertical dimension of the sheave 71, there is sufficient space in the upper part of the hoistway, so that the lap portion does not cause a problem in arrangement in the tower. Similarly, since the electric motor 9 has a sufficient installation space in the axial direction, it is possible to easily cope with an increase in electric motor capacity accompanying an increase in the rated elevator speed and the load capacity, and a thin high torque electric motor is used in particular. There is no need, and it is possible to use a general inexpensive electric motor having a good dimensional balance between the axial direction and the radial direction. Furthermore, if a second drive motor is attached to this turning pulley 72 and it is double-driven, it will be possible to cope with elevators with a large load, and the standardization of the motor model will be possible, resulting in cost reduction due to mass production effects. Reduction of maintenance parts can be achieved. In addition, regarding this double drive, if an induction motor is used instead of a synchronous motor as a drive motor, two motors can be collectively controlled by one inverter, which is a power converter, and one speed sensor. The control panel 14 can be downsized. In addition, since the inspection table 12 on which the motor is installed can be installed at a position that does not interfere with the raising and lowering of the car 2 and the counterweight 3, it is possible to install a fixed inspection table 12 that passes a solid beam into the hoistway. By providing the fence 13 or the like on the inspection table 12, the maintenance staff can safely check and adjust the elevator. As a result, a machine room space equivalent to a machine room for inspection and adjustment can be constructed in the hoistway.
[0040]
Further, when the rope fixing end 11 is provided at the lower part of the inspection table 12, the entire load of the counterweight 3 must be received by the inspection table 12, but the total length of the rope that must be increased with 2: 1 roping. Therefore, it is easy to avoid resonance with the speed control system (electrical system) due to a decrease in the resonance frequency of the mechanical system, and there is also a derivative effect on control. In addition, the rope fixed end 11 is attached to the inspection table 12 when the connection point is higher than the floor surface of the inspection table 12 and can be easily accessed from the inspection table 12. The trimming operation can be performed safely on the inspection table 12. Further, the control panel 14 serving as a drive source for the electric motor can also be installed on the inspection table 12, and the electric motor 9 and the control panel 14 can be arranged on the same side with respect to the sheave 71. The control panel 14 can be accessed while observing the rotation state of the vehicle and the moving state of the car 2, and inspection and maintenance can be performed safely.
[0041]
In addition, since the electric motor 9 and the control panel 14 can be installed close to each other, it is also possible to install a solid earth that connects the two casings to each other with a wide metal band 15 to reduce the electrical inverter impedance to the limit. By placing it close to other power supply lines between the inverter and the motor, the harmonic components that may be radiated into the air while being fed from the inverter to the motor are captured with high efficiency, and noise diffusion is suppressed in advance. It is also possible to do.
[0042]
Furthermore, according to this embodiment, even in a large capacity elevator system, the hoisting machine and its power supply / control device can be installed in the hoistway space with a degree of freedom, regardless of the capacity of the motor. It is possible to realize a machine room-less elevator system capable of avoiding the restrictions of the shadow regulation.
[0043]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0044]
Fig.2 (a) is a top view which shows the whole structure of the machine room less elevator which concerns on this embodiment, FIG.2 (b) is the front view.
[0045]
In these drawings, reference numeral 21 denotes a rope fixing end to which one end of a rope provided on the beam 8 is fixed. The other configurations correspond to the configurations with the same reference numerals shown in FIGS. Here, since the drawing is complicated, the pulley 72 of the lap portion is omitted and is represented by a sheave 71 as a representative.
[0046]
As shown in FIG. 2B, the present embodiment is the first in that the rope fixing end 21 on the counterweight 3 side of the rope 4 is attached to the beam 8 at the top of the hoistway instead of the inspection table 12. It is different from the embodiment.
[0047]
According to the present embodiment, the total length of the rope 4 becomes long and vibration suppression control of the car 2 becomes difficult, but half of the load of the counterweight 3 can be received by the beam 8. The strength of the table 12 can be reduced. Further, since the pulley 10 on the counterweight 3 side is travel-guided and controlled by a rail on the counterweight side (not shown) so as to move up and down substantially parallel to the hoistway wall surface 1, the thickness of the counterweight 3 is adjusted to the wall. It can be made thinner in the distance direction, and the hoistway cross-sectional area can be further reduced.
[0048]
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 (a) and 3 (b) to FIG.
[0049]
FIG. 3A is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the machine room-less elevator according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 3B is a front view thereof.
[0050]
In these drawings, the configuration indicated by each symbol corresponds to the configuration indicated by the same symbol shown in FIGS.
[0051]
As shown in these drawings, the present embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that the sheave 71 and the counterweight pulley 10 are arranged substantially parallel to the hoistway wall 1.
[0052]
4, 5, and 6 are side views showing the arrangement of three different sheaves 71 and counterweight pulleys 72 centering on roping in the present embodiment.
[0053]
In this embodiment, since the wrap angle is large, the sheave 71 is complicated as shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 6, and there are difficult aspects in terms of arrangement in the hoistway, but the radial direction is relatively Since there is installation space, the diameter of the sheave 71 can be increased and the life of the rope can be extended, so that maintenance costs associated with rope replacement can be reduced. Similarly, the electric motor 9 also has a drawback that it becomes longer in the axial direction. However, if a thin electric motor is used in the axial direction or if a driving motor is connected to the counterweight pulley 72 to make a double drive, one unit is provided. The thickness per hit can be reduced.
As shown in FIG. 3 (a), if the structure is such that only the width of the motor 9 protrudes laterally from the hoistway by the width W, this protruding motor space becomes a drawback, but the lifting / lowering excluding this protruding portion is a disadvantage. This produces the effect of reducing the road cross-sectional area. In addition, since the system can be constructed in principle regardless of the position of the protruding portion in the upper half of the hoistway, the presence of the protruding portion is not fatal. In this case, if the pulley 10 on the counterweight 3 side is also arranged substantially parallel to the hoistway wall surface 1, the effect of reducing the hoistway cross-sectional area becomes significant.
[0054]
In the present embodiment, the rope 4 is bent more in the arrangement of the sheave 71 and the counterweight pulley 72 shown in FIG. 4, but the wrap angle of the sheave 71 and the counterweight pulley 72 can be made equal. It is effective for double driving. In addition, the arrangement of the sheave 71 and the counterweight pulley 72 shown in FIG. 5 is advantageous in that the rope 4 is less bent and the life of the rope is reduced. Further, in the arrangement of the sheave 71 and the counterweight pulley 72 shown in FIG. 6, the wrap angle is small, but the same wrap angle makes it suitable for double driving, and the sheave 71 on one beam. The counterweight pulley 72 can be attached.
[0055]
Next, the 4th Embodiment of this invention is described using Fig.7 (a), (b).
[0056]
Fig.7 (a) is a top view which shows the whole structure of the machine room less elevator which concerns on this embodiment, FIG.7 (b) is the front view.
[0057]
In these drawings, the configuration indicated by each symbol corresponds to the configuration indicated by the same symbol shown in FIGS. Here, since the drawing is complicated, the pulley 72 of the lap portion is omitted and is represented by a sheave 71 as a representative.
[0058]
As shown in these drawings, in this embodiment, the sheave 71 and the counterweight pulley 10 are arranged substantially parallel to the hoistway wall surface, and the sheave 71 and the electric motor 9 are overlapped. That is, the electric motor 9 is called an abduction type, and the inside is a stator and is fixed to the inspection table 12, the outer peripheral surface is a rotor, and the outer peripheral surface is rotated around the sheave 71. This is different from the third embodiment.
[0059]
According to this embodiment, the axial dimension of the electric motor 9 can be shortened. In particular, the width W in the drawing can be reduced without providing a protrusion on the side surface 1 of the hoistway, and the cross-sectional area of the hoistway is small. Can be realized.
[0060]
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0061]
FIG. 8A is a plan view showing the overall configuration of the machine room-less elevator according to this embodiment, and FIG. 8B is a front view thereof.
[0062]
In these drawings, reference numeral 16 denotes an upper portion of the inspection table 12 on which the sheave 71 and the electric motor 9 are installed. The other configurations correspond to the configurations with the same reference numerals shown in FIGS. Here, since the drawing is complicated, the pulley 72 of the lap portion is omitted and is represented by a sheave 71 as a representative.
[0063]
As shown in these drawings, in this embodiment, the hoistway cross-sectional area of the upper space is set smaller than the hoistway cross-sectional area of the lower space than the inspection table 12 on which the sheave 71 and the electric motor 9 are installed. This is different from the first embodiment.
[0064]
According to this embodiment, since the roping on the counterweight 3 side is set larger than the roping on the car 2 side, the lifting / lowering stroke of the counterweight 3 becomes shorter than the lifting / lowering stroke of the elevator car 2 for inspection. The hoistway cross-sectional area of the inspection table upper part 16 can be narrower than the lower hoistway cross-sectional area, except for a space for ensuring a safe working height on the base 12. As a result, of the hoistway cross-sectional area given to the elevator in the building, the floor area higher than the central part of the building can reduce the area required for raising and lowering the counterweight 3, thus increasing the effective floor area in the building. There is an effect that can be made.
[0065]
As described above, according to the above embodiments of the present invention, in the machine room-less elevator system in which the electric motor is disposed in the hoistway, the motor has a large capacity as the rated speed, the rated load load, and the hoistway length increase. Even in the elevator system to be realized, it is possible to arrange the electric motor in the hoistway without arranging a machine room or a mini machine room or the like separate from the hoistway.
[0066]
In addition, according to each of the above-described embodiments, the maintenance, inspection, and adjustment of the elevator can be performed in an equivalent elevator machine room with a solid scaffolding, so that the safety of workers can be ensured. .
[0067]
Moreover, according to each said Example, since driving | running | working, such as rescue operation, can be performed from an elevator machine room while observing the motion of an elevator, a passenger | crew's safety | security can be ensured.
[0068]
Further, according to each of the above-described embodiments, the upper hoistway cross-sectional area than the inspection table can be set smaller than the lower one, so that the effective total floor area that can be utilized in the building can be increased.
[0069]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, in a machine room-less elevator system in which an electric motor is installed in a hoistway, an equivalent machine capable of installing an electric motor for driving an elevator without a counterweight moving in the hoistway. The room space can be twisted, and the installation space accompanying the increase in capacity of the electric motor and the space necessary for safe inspection, maintenance and adjustment can be secured sufficiently.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view and a front view showing an overall configuration of a machine room-less elevator according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are a plan view and a front view showing an overall configuration of a machine room-less elevator according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 3A and 3B are a plan view and a front view showing an overall configuration of a machine room-less elevator according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIGS.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing an example of the arrangement of three different sheaves 71 and counterweight pulleys 72 with a focus on roping according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a side view showing an example of the arrangement of three different sheaves 71 and counterweight pulleys 72 with a focus on roping according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing an example of the arrangement of three different sheaves 71 and counterweight pulleys 72 with a focus on roping according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 7A and 7B are a plan view and a front view showing an overall configuration of a machine room-less elevator according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIGS.
FIGS. 8A and 8B are a plan view and a front view showing an overall configuration of a machine room-less elevator according to a fifth embodiment of the invention. FIGS.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hoistway wall 2 Passenger car 3 Balance weight 4 Rope 5, 6, 72 Turning pulley 10 Pulley 11, 21 Rope fixed end 12 Inspection stand 13 Safety fence 14 Control panel 15 Metal strip 16 Upper part of inspection stand 71 Sheave

Claims (5)

An electric motor is installed in the hoistway space or protruding from the side surface of the hoistway space, and the car and the counterweight are connected via a rope that suspends the car and the counterweight by the driving force of the sheave driven by the electric motor. In a machine room-less elevator that lifts and lowers
The roping ratio on the passenger car side is made smaller than the roping ratio on the counterweight side, and the rotating shaft of the sheave is arranged substantially parallel to the hoistway wall surface, and the rotating shaft of the counterweight side turning pulley Is a machine room-less elevator arranged substantially perpendicular to the hoistway wall surface . The machine room-less elevator according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor is installed at a position equal to or higher than a central height in a vertical direction of the hoistway . 2. The machine room-less elevator according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor and the sheave are arranged in an upper extension space of a space in which the counterweight moves up and down . 2. The machine room-less elevator according to claim 1, wherein a second electric motor for driving the turning pulley is connected and double-driven . 2. The machine room-less elevator according to claim 1, wherein the electric motor and the sheave are arranged on an inspection table, and a fixed end of the counterweight-side rope is attached to the inspection table .

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