JP3962979B2 - Cavity-containing polyester laminated film roll - Google Patents
Cavity-containing polyester laminated film roll Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3962979B2 JP3962979B2 JP2001326747A JP2001326747A JP3962979B2 JP 3962979 B2 JP3962979 B2 JP 3962979B2 JP 2001326747 A JP2001326747 A JP 2001326747A JP 2001326747 A JP2001326747 A JP 2001326747A JP 3962979 B2 JP3962979 B2 JP 3962979B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- layer
- film
- resin
- void
- polyester
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 53
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、印刷性、製膜安定性、2次加工適正、熱寸法安定性、インク転移性、Vカット適正に優れ、金属や木材などに貼り合わせて用いる、化粧シートに好適な空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロールに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
合成樹脂を主原料とする合成紙は、耐水性、表面光沢、平滑な表面による印刷適性等に優れている点から様々な用途展開が進んでいる。特にポリエチレンテレフタレートに代表されるポリエステル系樹脂は、合成紙原料の中では耐熱性が高く、剛性が高い特徴を有し使用範囲を拡大しつつある。
【0003】
また、空洞含有構造によって発現するクッション性により、熱転写印刷用途(特開昭63−280687号公報)を始め、各種印刷用フィルムとしても広く利用されている。このような用途に用いられる空洞含有ポリエステル系フィルムとしては、ポリエステル中に無機微粒子を混合して延伸することにより粒子周辺に空洞を形成したものや、ポリエステル樹脂と非相溶性の熱可塑性樹脂等をポリエステル中に混合・分散させて空洞形成の核として利用する方法が知られている。特に後者は、フィルムを軽量化出来る点から広く採用されている。
【0004】
この空洞形成のために用いられる空洞形成剤としては、ポリプロピレン樹脂やポリメチルペンテン樹脂(特開昭49−34755号公報)に代表されるポリオレフィン系樹脂、あるいはポリスチレン系樹脂(例えば、特公昭49−2016号公報、特公昭54−2955号公報)等が提案されている。
【0005】
しかしながら、単純に空洞を形成させただけでは、空洞の大きさ、形状、数によっては表面強度の弱いフィルムとなり、表面強度が必要な用途には問題がある。
【0006】
一方、建築材料については、化粧版の基材と絵柄印刷層との間に使用されるシート、あるいは化粧シートに使用されるシート(フィルム)は、通常、表面に高意匠の絵柄模様が施される。さらに、表面に用いられる材料であるため、表面が受傷することがある。特に、強い接触や擦過を受けた場合は、受傷部の損傷も大きくなり、フィルムの表面や内部が化粧シートの表面に露出することがある。そして、フィルムとその表面に形成された絵柄印刷層の色調が大きく異なる場合は、受傷部の色調が周囲の色調と異なるために、受傷部が目立ち、化粧シートの表面の意匠性が大きく損なわれる。このため上層の絵柄層と、基材となる該フィルムの色は極端に違わないことが要求される。
【0007】
化粧シートとしては、塩化ビニル樹脂シートが最も一般的である。しかしながら、塩化ビニル樹脂シートを使用した場合、可塑剤が接着剤層に移行して基材との間の接着不良を惹起するとか、熱寸法安定性が悪いために熱による伸縮が生じてシワを惹起するなどの問題がある。さらに、塩化ビニル樹脂シートは、焼却の際に塩素を発生し、また、酸性雨およびダイオキシン発生の要因になるとも言われており、環境保護の観点からも塩化ビニル樹脂シートを使用しない化粧シートの要望が強まっている。
【0008】
また、ポリプロピレン系の化粧シートについても同様に、基材との間の接着性が劣ったり、熱寸法安定性が悪いことによる皺や印刷工程での生産性が上がらない等の問題がある。
【0009】
このため、着色ポリエステルフィルムによる印刷性や耐熱性の問題の解決が特開平11−268215号公報で試みられているものの、この方法では耐熱性を優先すると剛性が高くなり、加工性やクッション性が悪くなる。逆に、加工性を優先すると耐熱性が不足となるために充分な解決手段とは言えなかった。さらに、充分な隠蔽性を得るためには、厚みの薄いフィルムでは着色剤を大量に含有させる必要があり、製膜性が著しく悪化するという問題もある。
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、上記従来技術の欠点を解消し、隠蔽性、クッション性、表面強度、製膜安定性に優れ、かつ絵柄印刷層との色調の差が小さく、フィルムロール内の色差の変動が少なく、化粧シートに用いた場合に絵柄印刷層の印刷品位に優れ、かつ受傷時の色調変化が少ない、化粧シート用空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロールを提供することにある。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明の第1の発明は、ポリエステル樹脂と前記ポリエステル樹脂に非相溶の熱可塑性樹脂を含有する組成物から主としてなる空洞含有層(A層)と、A層の少なくとも片面にポリエステル樹脂から主としてなる層(B層)が積層された空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロールであって、(a)前記A層及びB層はともに少なくとも2種以上の着色顔料を含有し、(b)非相溶の熱可塑性樹脂がポリメチルペンテン樹脂を含むポリオレフィン系樹脂及びポリスチレン系樹脂であり、(c)かつA層は下記式(1)で定義される空洞積層数密度が0.20個/μm以上であり、(d)さらに前記フィルム表面は450nmと650nmにおける反射率比(R650/R450)が1〜5であり、(e)同一フィルムロール内での色差(ΔE)の最大値と最小値の差が1.0以下である、ことを特徴とする化粧シート用空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロール。
空洞積層数密度(個/μm)=フィルム厚み方向におけるA層の空洞数
(個)/A層の厚み(μm)…(1)
【0012】
第2の発明は、前記着色顔料の平均粒子径が5μm以下であることを特徴とする第1の発明に記載の化粧シート用空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロールである。
【0014】
第4の発明は、前記フィルムの見かけ密度が0.70〜1.45g/cm3であることを特徴とする第1または2の発明に空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロールである。
【0015】
第5の発明は、前記積層フィルムの厚みが100μm以下であることを特徴とする第1、2、または3の発明に記載の空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロールである。
【0016】
【発明の実施形態】
化粧板の多くに用いられる木目調印刷に対し、この絵柄印刷層とフィルムとの色調の差を小さくし、絵柄印刷層が受傷した際のキズを目立たなくするためには、450nmと650nmにおけるフィルム表面の反射率比(R650/R450)が1〜5であることが必要である。前記反射率比の上限値は3.0が好ましく、特に好ましくは2.5である。また、前記反射率比の下限値は1.2が好ましく、特に好ましくは1.3である。前記反射率比(R650/R450)が小さすぎたり、大きすぎたりする場合には、絵柄印刷層とフィルム間の色調の差が大きくなるため、絵柄印刷層が受傷した際のキズが目立ち好ましくない。
【0017】
また、厚みが100μm以下の薄物フィルムの場合には、隠蔽性を確保するために着色剤を大量に含有せざるを得ず、逆に製膜安定性が悪化する。これに対し、フィルム中に空洞含有構造を付与することにより、隠蔽度と白色度が付加されるため、着色顔料の含有量を減少させることができ、さらにフィルムの延伸性の点でも工業生産に充分対応できる。
【0018】
さらに、フィルムを積層構造とすることによって、各層で異なる機能を付与することが可能となる。具体的には、主層である空洞含有層(A層)で延伸性を確保する機能を持たせ、前記A層の少なくとも片面に積層する主としてポリエステル樹脂からなる層(B層)で、単層では不可能な大量の着色顔料を含有させることが可能となり、さらなる隠蔽性の向上させる機能をもたせることができる。
【0019】
また、フィルム内部を空洞含有構造とすることにより、フィルムに適度なクッション性や柔らかさを付与することが可能となり、従来の着色ポリエステルフィルムでは得られなかった加工追随性を与えることが可能となる。
【0020】
同一フィルムロール内でのフィルム表面の色差(ΔE)の最大値と最小値の差は、1.0以下であることが必要である。前記色差の最大値と最小値の差は、0.8以下が好ましく、特に好ましくは0.6以下である。ここで、色差とは、色差計を用いて測定したフィルムの色調L値、b値、a値をそれぞれ二乗した数値の和の平方根で表したものである。前記色差(ΔE)の最大値と最小値の差が大きすぎると、フィルムロールのロット内での色調変動が大きくなる。そのため、絵柄印刷層を付与した後の意匠性を損なったり、製品の安定性を損なってしまう。
【0021】
フィルムの色差(ΔE)の最大値と最小値の差を小さくするためには、フィルム中の着色顔料の分散をよくすることや、原料供給系や押し出し機内部での原料の偏析を減少させることが重要となってくる。
【0022】
具体的には、着色顔料の分散性を良くする方法として、予め着色顔料を樹脂中に分散させたマスターバッチを作成し、この後に製膜用の押出し機で混合押し出しする方法や、攪拌効率の高い押出し機を用いる方法が好適である。さらに、原料供給系においては、レジンの偏析を防止するために、レジンの計量精度の高い計量装置や移送装置を用いることや、再攪拌の設備を使用する方法を単独または併用することが有効である。
【0023】
また、空洞含有層(A層)については、空洞の数や空洞の形態によって白色度や隠蔽度に大きく影響を与えるために、フィルムロール中の空洞状態をフィルムの幅方向と流れ方向について均一とすることが、白色度や隠蔽度などの品質を一定レベルで安定して得るために重要である。
【0024】
しかしながら、白色度や隠蔽度などの品質を一定レベルで安定して得るためには、極めて高度な製膜技術や工程管理が必要となり、前記空洞含有層(A層)の色調の変動を極限まで小さくすることは一般的には非常に困難である。
【0025】
そこで、フィルムを積層構造とし、前記空洞含有層(A層)の外側に色調の変動要因がより少ない着色顔料を含有するポリエステル樹脂層(B層)を設けることによって、フィルムロール内におけるフィルムの色差の最大値と最小値の差をより小さくすることが可能となる。
【0026】
本発明の空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロールにおいて、絵柄印刷層とフィルムとの色調の差を小さくし、絵柄印刷層が受傷した際のキズを目立たなくするためには、450nmと650nmにおけるフィルム表面の反射率比(R650/R450)を1〜5とする必要があり、前記反射率比(R650/R450)を1〜5とするためには、空洞含有層(A層)及び主としてポリエステル樹脂からなる層(B層)の両方の層に、少なくとも2種以上の着色顔料を含有させることが必要である。
【0027】
着色顔料としては、下記に示す様々なものが使用することができる。
白色顔料としてはルチル型またはアナターゼ型の二酸化チタン、亜鉛華、鉛白、硫酸鉛、リトボン、硫化亜鉛、酸化アンチモンなどが使用できる。
【0028】
さらに、艶消し効果が得られる体質顔料としては、バライト、沈降性硫酸バリウム、炭酸バリウム、炭酸石灰粉、沈降性炭酸カルシウム、石膏、アスベスト、クレー(カオリン)、シリカ粉、微粉ケイ酸、珪藻土、塩基性炭酸マグネシウム、アルミナホワイト、グロスホワイト、サチン白などが使用できる。
【0029】
黒色顔料としては、マグネタイト(鉄黒)、カーボンブラック、アニリンブラック、シアニンブラックなどが使用できる。黄色顔料としては黄鉛、亜鉛黄、クロム酸バリウム、カドミウムイエロー、黄色酸化鉄、黄土、チタン黄、鉛シアナミド、鉛酸カルシウムなどの無機顔料のほかに、有機顔料としてハンザイエローなどのアゾ系顔料、ナフトールイエローなどのニトロ系顔料が使用できる。
【0030】
橙色顔料としては、赤口黄鉛、クロムパーミリオンなどの無機系顔料のほかに、有機系顔料としてパーマネントオレンジなどのアゾ系顔料などが使用できる。
【0031】
赤色顔料としてはベンガラ、鉛丹、銀朱、カドミウムレッド、カドミウムマーキュリーレッド、アンチモン朱などの無機顔料のほかに、有機顔料としてパーマネントレッドなどのアゾ系顔料あるいはキナクリドン系顔料などが使用できる。
【0032】
紫色顔料としてはコバルト紫[(Co3(PO4)2あるいはCo3(AsO4)2]あるいはマンガン紫などの無機顔料のほかに、有機顔料としてファストバイオレットBなどのアゾ系顔料やメチルバイオレットレーキなどの塩基性染色系レーキ顔料が使用できる。
【0033】
青色顔料としては群青、紺青、コバルトブルー、セルリアンブルー、呉須などの無機顔料のほかに、有機顔料としてフタロシアニンブルーなどのフタロシアニン系顔料やアルカリブルーレーキなどの酸性染色レーキ顔料などが使用できる。
【0034】
緑色顔料としてはクロムグリーン、ジンクグリーン、酸化クロム、ピリジアン、エメラルドグリーンあるいはコバルトグリーンなどの無機顔料のほかに、有機顔料としてピグメントグリーンBなどのニトロソ系顔料やフタロシアニングリーンなどのフタロシアニン系顔料等が使用できる。
【0035】
上記の着色顔料のうち、粒形状が球状、疑似球状、円柱状などの立体的な形状を呈する無機顔料については、平均粒子径(SEM法)が5μm以下であることが好ましい。平均粒子径の上限値は3μmがさらに好ましく、特に好ましくは1μmである。また、平均粒子径の下限値は0.05μmが好ましく、さらに好ましくは0.1μmであり、特に好ましくは0.3μmである。着色顔料の平均粒子径が小さすぎると、体積当たりの表面積が大きくなるため、水分の吸着が多くなり、加水分解により樹脂の固有粘度の低下が増大したり、さらには着色顔料同士が凝集しやすくなる。一方、平均粒子径が大きすぎると、フィルム製造時にフィルムが破断したり、印刷の仕上がり性が低下するなどの問題が発生するため好ましくない。
【0036】
本発明において、着色顔料はポリエステルの重合反応中に含有させてもよく、重合後に例えば二軸押出機を使用して着色顔料を混練・分散させてマスターバッチとし、これの所定量をポリエステルフィルム中に配合させる方法などを採用することができる。着色顔料含有量の調節方法としては、マスター原料を調製し、実質的に着色顔料を含有しない原料でマスター原料を希釈して着色顔料含有量を調節する方法が有効である。なお、着色顔料は、二次凝集した粗大粒子を除去するために、事前に解砕処理、分散処理、分級処理、濾過処理などの少なくとも1つ以上の処理を行うことが好ましい。
【0037】
表面強度に関しては、フィルムを積層構造にすることと、フィルムの厚み方向における空洞含有層(A層)のボイド積層数密度を0.20個/μm以上とすることで達成される。ボイド積層数密度は上限値が0.45個/μmであることがより好ましく、特に好ましくは0.40個/μmである。また、下限値は0.25個/μmであることがより好ましく、特に好ましくは0.30個/μmである。ボイド積層数密度が0.20個/μm未満では、ボイドのサイズが大きくて表面強度が不足となるか、あるいは空洞の体積が少なくて必要なクッション性が達成されず、印刷性や、加工に対する追随性が悪化する。
【0038】
また、本発明における空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロールは、積層フィルムの見かけ密度が0.70〜1.45g/cm3であることが好ましい。積層フィルムの見かけ密度の上限値は1.40g/cm3であることがより好ましく、特に好ましくは1.35g/cm3である。また、積層フィルムの見かけ密度の下限値は0.80g/cm3であることがより好ましく、特に好ましくは0.85g/cm3である。積層フィルムの見かけ密度が小さすぎると、フィルムの強度が低下し、シワの発生や表面の劈開などにより後加工工程での取扱が難しくなるため好ましくない。一方、積層フィルムの見かけ密度が大きすぎると、空洞含有量が充分でなくなるため、本発明の好適な用途である化粧シートとして必要な特性が充分に得られなくなる。
【0039】
本発明において、上記空洞積層数密度および見かけ密度を上記範囲に制御するためには、例えば、下記に示すポリエステル樹脂に非相溶の熱可塑性樹脂の含有量を適切な範囲に調節したり、フィルムの延伸温度や延伸倍率を調節するなどの方法が挙げられる。
【0040】
本発明の空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムにおいて、ポリエステル樹脂中にポリオレフィン系樹脂およびポリスチレン系樹脂を含む、ポリエステル樹脂に非相溶の熱可塑性樹脂が粒子状に分散されている。ポリオレフィン系樹脂粒子の周りにはポリスチレン系樹脂よりなる相が形成(コア・シェル構造)され、これが空洞発現材粒子として、マトリクスのポリエステル系樹脂中に海島構造として分散している。本発明のフィルムに含まれる空洞は、上記構造を有する溶融樹脂成形物を少なくとも1方向に延伸することにより、当該非相溶の熱可塑性樹脂からなる分散粒子とマトリクスのポリエステル樹脂の界面に形成される。
【0041】
本発明のフィルムで用いられるポリエステル樹脂とは、テレフタル酸、イソフタル酸、ナフタレンジカルボン酸のごとき芳香族ジカルボン酸又はそのエステルとエチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、1,3−プロパンジオール、1,4−ブタンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコールのごときグリコールとを重縮合させて製造されるポリエステルである。
【0042】
これらのポリエステルは、芳香族ジカルボン酸とグリコールとを直接反応させる方法のほか、芳香族ジカルボン酸のアルキルエステルとグリコールとをエステル交換反応させた後重縮合させるか、あるいは芳香族ジカルボン酸のジグリコールエステルを重縮合させるなどの方法によって製造することができる。
【0043】
かかるポリエステルの代表例としてはポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリトリメチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンブチレンテレフタレートあるいはポリエチレン−2,6−ナフタレートなどが挙げられる。これらのポリエステルはホモポリマーであってもよく、第3成分を共重合したものであってもよい。いずれにしても本発明においては、エチレンテレフタレート単位、プロピレンテレフタレート単位、ブチレンテレフタレート単位あるいはエチレン−2,6−ナフタレート単位が70モル%以上であるポリエステルが好ましく、より好ましくは80モル%以上、特に好ましくは90モル%以上である。なお、上記ポリエステル樹脂は単独で使用してもよく、あるいは2種以上混合して使用してもよい。
【0044】
また、本発明の積層フィルムの空洞含有層(A層)において、空洞発現材として用いるポリオレフィン系樹脂としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリブテン、ポリメチルペンテンなどが挙げられる。これらは必ずしもホモポリマーに限定されるものではない。また、2種類以上のオレフィン系モノマーを重合した共重合ポリマーであってもよく、有機酸成分などを共重合した変成ポリオレフィン樹脂でもよい。
【0045】
また、ポリオレフィン系樹脂は必ずしも単独で使用する必要はなく、主成分(含有量の最も多いポリオレフィン樹脂成分)以外に、他の副成分(主成分に対して含有量の少ないポリオレフィン系樹脂成分)を混合して用いてもよい。
【0046】
また、本発明においては高温下でも軟化しにくく、優れた空洞発現性を発現することから、前記ポリオレフィン系樹脂の中でもポリメチルペンテン樹脂が特に好ましい。
【0047】
上記ポリオレフィン系樹脂の含有量は、空洞含有層(A層)を構成する樹脂組成物に対して、上限値が14.5重量%であることが好ましく、特に好ましくは11.5重量%である。また、下限値は2.0重量%であることが好ましく、特に好ましくは4.0重量%である。ポリオレフィン系樹脂の含有量が少なすぎると、積層フィルムの空洞含有層(A層)における空洞含有量が充分でなくなるため、本発明の好適な用途である化粧シートとして必要な特性が充分に得られなくなる。一方、ポリオレフィン系樹脂の含有量が多すぎると、製膜時の延伸工程の安定性が得られなくなる。
【0048】
また、本発明の積層フィルムの空洞含有層(A層)に用いるポリスチレン系樹脂は特に限定されないが、代表的な樹脂としてスチレンモノマーを重合したホモポリマーのほか、有機酸成分などの各主成分を共重合した変成ポリスチレン樹脂などが挙げられる。上記ポリスチレン系樹脂の含有量は、空洞含有層を構成する樹脂組成物に対して、上限値が7.0重量%であることが好ましく、特に好ましくは5.0重量%である。また、下限値は0.5重量%であることが好ましく、特に好ましくは1.0重量%である。ポリスチレン系樹脂の含有量が少なすぎると、ポリエステル樹脂に非相溶な樹脂からなる空洞発現材粒子が粗分散化して空洞が大きくなり、表面強度などの物性を損なう。一方、ポリスチレン系樹脂の含有量が多すぎると、フィルムの剛性が高くなり、柔軟性を損なう。
【0049】
本発明の積層フィルムでは、上記ポリオレフィン系樹脂と上記ポリスチレン系樹脂を含む、ポリエステル樹脂に非相溶の熱可塑性樹脂の合計含有量は、空洞含有層を構成する樹脂組成物に対して、上限値が15.0重量%であることが好ましく、特に好ましくは10.0重量%である。また、下限値は2.5重量%であることが好ましく、特に好ましくは4.0重量%である。ポリエステル樹脂に非相溶の熱可塑性樹脂の合計含有量が少なすぎると、フィルムの空洞含有量が不充分となり、本発明の好適な用途である化粧シートとして必要な特性が充分に得られなくなる。一方、ポリスチレン系樹脂の含有量が多すぎると、製膜時の延伸工程の安定性が得られなくなる。
【0050】
また、本発明の積層フィルムの空洞含有層(A層)に用いるポリオレフィン系樹脂とポリスチレン系樹脂は、ポリオレフィン系樹脂の溶融粘度ηO(ポイズ)とポリスチレン系樹脂の溶融粘度ηS(ポイズ)との比(ηO/ηS)が0.80以下であることが好ましく、特に好ましくは0.50以下である。上記の溶融粘度の比が大きすぎると、ポリスチレン系樹脂の分散が不均一になり、非相溶樹脂の分散体における相構造が不安定になることから、空洞発現材の分散状態が悪化し、フィルム厚み方向のボイド積層数密度を前記範囲とすることが困難となる。
【0051】
なお、2種類以上のポリオレフィン系樹脂を混合して用いる場合、含有量が最も多いポリオレフィン系樹脂(主成分)の溶融粘度をηO(ポイズ)を上記の溶融粘度の関係を満足するように樹脂粘度を設定することが好ましい。
【0052】
ポリオレフィン系樹脂の主成分としてポリメチルペンテン樹脂を使用する場合、当該ポリメチルペンテン樹脂の溶融粘度ηOは、3,500ポイズ以下であることが好ましく、特に好ましくは2,000ポイズ以下である。ポリメチルペンテン樹脂の溶融粘度ηOの溶融粘度が大きすぎると、フィルム原料を混練り、押出し成形する過程で当該樹脂が分散され難くなり、本発明の好適な用途である化粧シートとして必要な特性が充分に得られなくなる。
【0053】
また、ポリスチレン系樹脂の溶融粘度ηSは、上限値が10,000ポイズであることが好ましく、特に好ましくは7,000ポイズである。また、下限値は1,000ポイズであることが好ましく、特に好ましくは3,000ポイズである。ポリスチレン系樹脂の溶融粘度ηSが大きすぎると、フィルム原料を混練り、押出し成形する過程で当該樹脂が分散され難くなり、一方ポリスチレン系樹脂の溶融粘度ηSが小さすぎると当該樹脂の分布が不均一となり、どちらの場合も本発明の好適な用途である化粧シートとして必要な特性が充分に得られなくなる。
【0054】
また、本発明の積層フィルム中には、隠蔽性をさらに高めるために、無機または有機の不活性粒子を必要に応じて含有してもよい。前記不活性粒子としては、二酸化チタン、シリカ、カオリナイト、タルク、炭酸カルシウム、ゼオライト、アルミナ、硫酸バリウム、カーボンブラック、酸化亜鉛、硫化亜鉛などの無機粒子のほか、有機粒子等の一般に用いられるものが想定されるが特に限定されるものではない。
【0055】
また、不活性粒子の含有量についても特に限定されるものではない。しかしながら、不活性粒子を含有させる場合には、本発明の好適な用途である化粧シートとしての特性を低下させない範囲で、その種類と含有量を設定すべきである。
【0056】
また、本発明の積層フィルムにおいては、その少なくとも片面に塗布層を設けてもよい。塗布層を設けることにより、接着性や帯電防止性などの機能を付与することができる。塗布層を主として構成するバインダー樹脂としては、共重合ポリエステル樹脂が好ましいが、このほかにも、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリエステルウレタン樹脂、アクリル系樹脂など、通常のポリエステルフィルムの接着性を改善する高分子樹脂や、帯電防止性を向上させる化合物等が適用可能である。
【0057】
塗布層を設ける方法としては、グラビアコート方式、キスコート方式、ディップ方式、スプレイコート方式、カーテンコート方式、エアナイフコート方式、ブレードコート方式、リバースロールコート方式など通常用いられている方法が適用できる。塗布する段階としては、フィルムの延伸前や縦延伸後に塗布するインラインコーティング法、あるいは二軸配向処理の終了したフィルム表面に塗布するオフラインコーティング法などのいずれの方法も可能である。
【0058】
本発明の空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロールの製造方法は任意であり、特に制限されるものではないが、例えば前述の組成からなる混合物を溶融させシート状に押出し成形して未延伸フィルムとし、この未延伸フィルムを少なくとも1方向に延伸し、次いで熱固定処理、必要に応じて熱弛緩処理したあと冷却し、両端部をカットした後、必要なサイズのスリットして紙管などにロール状に巻き取るという一般的な方法を用いることができる。
【0059】
本発明においては、原料を溶融して押出し成形する過程でポリエステル樹脂中にポリエステル樹脂と非相溶な熱可塑性樹脂を分散させている。本発明の実施例では、ポリエステル樹脂およびこれに混合させる樹脂はペレット形状で供給されているものを用いたが、これに限定されるものではない。
【0060】
フィルム状に溶融成形するために押出機に投入する原料は、目的の組成に応じて、これらの樹脂をペレット混合して準備した。しかしながら、本発明で用いるポリエステル樹脂とポリオレフィン系樹脂は一般に比重が大きく異なっており、一度混合したペレットが押出機に供給される過程で再分離しない工夫を加えることが好ましい。
【0061】
このための方策の好ましい例としては、事前に原料樹脂の一部または全部を組み合わせて混練りペレタイズし、マスターバッチペレットとして準備する方法が挙げられる。本発明の実施例ではこの方法を用いたが、本発明の効果を妨げない限り特に限定されるものではない。
【0062】
また、これらの非相溶な樹脂の混合系の押出しにおいては、溶融状態で混合して微分散させた後も、樹脂の界面エネルギーを減少させようという働きから、粒子状に分散した前記非相溶樹脂が再凝集する性質がある。これは未延伸フィルムを押出成形する際に空洞発現材を粗分散化させ、求める物性発現の妨げとなる現象である。
【0063】
これを防ぐため、本発明のフィルムを成形する際にはより混合効果の高い二軸押出機を用いて、空洞発現材をあらかじめ微分散させておくことが好ましい。また、これが困難な場合には補助的な手段として、押出機から静的混合器を介して、原料樹脂をフィードブロックまたはダイスに供給することも好ましい。
【0064】
ここで用いる静的混合器としては、スタティックミキサーやオリフィス等を用いることができる。ただし、これらの方法をとった場合にはメルトライン中に熱劣化した樹脂を滞留させることもあり、注意が必要である。なお、溶融状態の非相溶樹脂の再凝集は低せん断状態で時間とともに進行すると考えられるので、押出機からダイスにいたるメルトライン中に溶融樹脂の滞留時間を減少させることが根本的な解決となる。本発明において、この時間は30分以下とすることが好ましく、特に好ましくは15分以下とする。
【0065】
また、空洞含有層(A層)と主にポリエステル樹脂からなる層(B層)との積層は、共押し出し法により溶融状態で行うことが好ましい。
【0066】
上述の様にして得た未延伸フィルムは少なくとも一軸方向に延伸配向させる。延伸・配向条件は、フィルムの物性と密接に関係する。以下では、最も一般的に用いられている逐次二軸延伸方法、特に未延伸フィルムを長手方向次いで幅方向に延伸する方法を例にとり、延伸・配向条件を説明する。
【0067】
縦延伸工程では、周速が異なる2本あるいは多数本のロール間で延伸する。このときの加熱手段としては、加熱ロールを用いる方法でも非接触の加熱方法を用いる方法でもよく、それらを併用してもよい。次いで一軸延伸フィルムをテンターに導入し、幅方向に(Tm−10℃)以下の温度で2.5〜5.0倍に延伸する。(但し、Tmはポリエステルの融点を示す。)
【0068】
また、上記の二軸延伸フィルムに対し、熱固定処理を施す。熱固定処理はテンター中で行うのが好ましく、特に好ましくは(Tm−60℃)〜Tmの範囲で行う。さらに、寸法安定性をさらに改良するために幅方向及び/又は長手方向に弛緩処理を行ってもよい。
【0069】
このようにして得られた空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムは、特に好適な化粧シート用に用いる場合には、絵柄印刷層と木材や金属などの基材の間に設けられる。
【0070】
【実施例】
次に、本発明を実施例および比較例を用いて詳しく説明する。まず、本発明で用いた測定方法および評価方法を以下に示す。
【0071】
(1)分光反射率
フィルムの分光反射率を分光光度計(日立製作所(株)製、U3500)を用いて反射モードで測定した。450nmにおける反射率R450と650nmにおける反射率R650との反射率を求め、それらの反射率比(R650/R450)を求めた。
【0072】
(2)色差(ΔE)の最大値と最小値の差
フィルムロールの長手方向に対し、色差計(日本電色社製、Z−1001DP)により、色差を測定した。フィルムロールは20m毎に1,000mの範囲でサンプリングし、それらの試料の中で色差の最大値と最小値の差を求めた。
【0073】
(3)A層の空洞積層数密度
走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて、サンプルの異なる部位の5箇所においてフィルムの縦延伸方向と平行かつフィルム面に垂直な切断面を観察した。前記切断面を300〜3,000倍の適切な倍率で観察し、積層フィルムにおける空洞含有層(A層)の空洞の分布状態が確認できる写真を撮影した。写真画像上の任意の場所でフィルム表面に垂直に直線を引き、この直線に交わる空洞の数N(積層数)を計数した。また、この直線に沿って積層フィルムにおけるA層の厚みT(μm)を測定し、空洞の積層数N(個)をA層の厚みで除して空洞積層数密度N/T(個/μm)を求めた。なお、測定は写真1枚につき5箇所で行い、総計25箇所でのA層の空洞積層数密度の平均値を求め、サンプルのA層の空洞積層数密度(個/μm)とした。
【0074】
(4)溶融粘度(ηO、ηS)
樹脂温度285℃、剪断速度100/秒における溶融粘度を、フローテスター(島津製作所製、CFT−500)を用いて測定した。なお、剪断速度100/秒での溶融粘度の測定は、剪断速度を100/秒に固定して行うことが困難であるため、適当な荷重を用いて、100/秒未満の任意の剪断速度および前記剪断速度よりも大きい任意の剪断速度で溶融粘度を測定し、縦軸に溶融粘度、横軸に剪断速度をとり、両対数グラフにプロットした。前記の2点を直線で結び、内挿により剪断速度100/秒での溶融粘度(η:ポイズ)を求めた。
【0075】
(5)フィルム厚みと見かけ密度
フィルムを5.00cm四方の正方形に4枚切り出して試料とした。これを4枚重ねにして、フィルム厚み計(SONY Precision Technology Inc.製、Digital Micrometer M-30)を用いて有効数字4桁で10点測定し、重ね厚みの平均値を求めた。この平均値を4で除し、小数第4位の桁を四捨五入し、一枚あたりの平均のフィルム厚み(t:μm)を小数第3位の桁で求めた。また、同試料4枚の重量(w:g)を自動上皿天秤により有効数字4桁まで測定し、下記式により見かけ密度を求めた。なお、見かけ密度は有効数字3桁に丸めた。
見かけ密度(g/cm3)=w×104/(5.00×5.00×t×4)
【0076】
(6)ポリエステル樹脂の固有粘度
フェノール60重量%と1,1,2,2−テトラクロロエタン40重量%の混合溶媒にポリエステル原料を溶解し、固形分をガラスフィルターで濾過した後、30℃にて測定した。
【0077】
(7)表面強度
清浄なフィルムを縦5cm、横20cmに切りだし、ポリエステル両面粘着テープAを用いて平板ガラスに全面接着させた。この表面に幅24mmの粘着テープB(ニチバン社製、セロテープ)を長さ35mmにわたって貼付し1分間放置する。この後、ガラス面に垂直な方向に一気に引き剥がして面を観察した。前記粘着テープBの剥離部面積の50%以上でフィルム表面が剥がれたものを「剥離」したとし、5回以上の繰り返しで「剥離」頻度が半数未満の場合を「○」(表面強度が優れる)、半数以上の場合を「×」(表面強度が劣る)と評価した。
【0078】
(8)顔料の平均粒子径
粉末状の顔料粒子について透過型電子顕微鏡像から、粒子の数平均粒子径を算出し、平均粒子径とした。
【0079】
(9)全光線透過率
フィルムの光線透過率をヘイズメーター(日本電色工業(株)製、NDH1001 DP)を用いて全光線透過率を測定し、下記の基準にてランク付けを行い、○を合格とした。
○:≦10%
△:10%越え50%未満
×:≧50%
【0080】
(10)印刷面の品位
ニトロセルロース・アルキッド系樹脂からなるインキを使用して木目の絵柄層をグラビア印刷によってフィルム表面に付与し、仕上がり性及び複数枚の仕上がりの安定性を以下のように目視判定し、○を合格とした。
○:良好
△:若干印刷外観が悪い
×:印刷外観が不良
【0081】
(11)受傷時の色調変化
ポリエステル系フィルムの表面に絵柄印刷層を設けた化粧シートの表面を硬貨で擦過し、絵柄印刷層およびポリエステルフィルムまで破壊し、その際の破壊された部分の色調変化を目視評価した。色調変化が小さく傷が目立たない場合を○、色調変化が大きく傷が目立つ場合を×、その中間を△とした。
【0082】
実施例1
(マスターペレットの調整)
溶融粘度(ηO)が1,300ポイズのポリメチルペンテン樹脂(三井化学社製、DX820)60重量%、溶融粘度(ηS)が3,900ポイズのポリスチレン樹脂(日本ポリスチ社製、G797N)20重量%および溶融粘度が2,000ポイズのポリプロピレン樹脂(グランドポリマー社製、J104WC)20重量%をペレット混合したものを285℃に温調したベント式二軸押出機に供給し、予備混練りした。この溶融樹脂を連続的にベント式単軸混練機に供給、混練りして押出し、得られたストランドを冷却、切断して空洞発現材含有マスターペレット(M1)を調整した。
【0083】
また、ルチル型二酸化チタン粒子46重量部、カーボンブラック0.22重量部、赤色酸化鉄2.6重量部、チタンイエロー37.8重量部を分散混合して、平均粒子径が0.5μmの着色顔料粒子混合物(P)の粉体を得た。なお、各々の着色顔料はあらかじめ乾式分級処理を行った、この着色顔料粒子混合物(P)50重量%に対し、定法により得られた固有粘度0.62dl/gのポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂50重量%を混合した組成物をベント式2軸押出し機に供給し、混練してストランド状に押出した。得られたストランドを冷却し、切断して着色顔料含有マスターペレット(M2)を調整した。
【0084】
(フィルム原料の調整)
140℃で8時間の真空乾燥を施した固有粘度0.62dl/gのポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂64重量%と、90℃で4時間の真空乾燥を施した上記空洞発現材含有マスターペレット(M1)6重量%、140℃で8時間の真空乾燥を施した上記マスターペレット(M2)30重量%とを混合して、A層用フィルム原料(C1)とした。
【0085】
次いで、フィルム原料(C1)に用いたものと同じポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂70重量%および上記マスターペレット(M2)30重量%を混合して、B層用フィルム原料(C1)とした。
【0086】
これらの計量混合操作においては、連続運転の高精度計量フィーダを使用し、一時保存用のホッパーは比重差などによる偏析が少ない小底面積タイプを使用した。
【0087】
(未延伸フィルムの作製)
上記A層用フィルム原料(C1)を285℃に温調した押出機(I)に、B層用フィルム原料(C2)を290℃に温調した押出機(II)にそれぞれ別々に供給した。これらの計量混合操作においても、連続運転の高精度計量フィーダを使用し、一時保存用のホッパーは小底面積タイプを使用した。
【0088】
押出機(I)より吐出される溶融樹脂はスタティックミキサーを介して、押出機(II)より吐出される樹脂もスタティックミキサーを介してフィードブロックに導き、フィルム原料(C1)からなる層(B層)とポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂とマスターペレット(M2)からなる層(A層)をB層/A層/B層の順に積層した。これを25℃に温調した冷却ロール上にTダイより共押出しし、厚み180μmの未延伸フィルムを作製した。なお、各押出機の吐出量を各層の厚み比率がB/A/B=20/60/20となるようにA層側及びB層側の押出し機及びギアポンプの回転数を調整した。
【0089】
(二軸延伸フィルムの作製)
得られた未延伸フィルムを、加熱ロールを用いて65℃に均一加熱し、周速が異なる二対のニップロール間で3.4倍に縦延伸した。このとき、フィルムの補助加熱装置として、ニップロール中間部に金反射膜を備えた赤外線加熱ヒータをフィルムの両面に対向して設置(フィルム表面から1cmの距離)し、加熱した。縦延伸後原反は25℃に温調した金属ロールで急冷した。このようにして得られた一軸延伸フィルムをテンターに導き、150℃に加熱して3.7倍に横延伸し、幅固定しながら230℃で5秒間の熱処理を施し、さらに200℃で幅方向に3%緩和処理させることにより、次いで冷却過程で両端の耳部をトリミングし、厚さ20μmの空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムをロール状に1000m強を巻き取った。積層フィルムの構成を表1に、得られたフィルムの特性値を表2に示した。
【0090】
実施例2
実施例1において、B層の原料組成をポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂80重量%及びマスターペレット(M2)20重量%とし、A層の原料組成をポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂74重量%、上記マスターペレット(M1)6重量%、マスターペレット(M2)20重量%とした。さらに、各押出機の吐出量を各層の厚み比率がB/A/B=10/80/10となるようにA層側及びB層側の押出し機及びギアポンプの回転数を調整して、厚み460μmの未延伸フィルムを作製した。次いで、実施例1と同様の条件で、二軸延伸、熱固定処理、幅方向への緩和処理を行い、厚み50μmの空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロールを得た。積層フィルムの構成を表1に、得られたフィルムの特性値を表2に示した。
【0091】
比較例1
実施例1において、B層の原料組成をポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂80量%及びマスターペレット(M2)20重量%とし、A層の原料組成をポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂80重量%及びマスターペレット(M2)20重量%とした。さらに、各押出機の吐出量を各層の厚み比率がB/A/B=10/80/10となるようにA層側及びB層側の押出し機及びギアポンプの回転数を調整し、厚み550μmの未延伸フィルムを作製した。次いで、実施例1と同様の条件で、二軸延伸、熱固定処理、幅方向への緩和処理を行い、厚み50μmのポリエステル系積層フィルムロールを得た。積層フィルムの構成を表1に、得られたフィルムの特性値を表2に示した。
【0092】
比較例2
実施例1において、B層の原料組成をポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂50重量%及びマスターペレット(M2)50重量%とし、A層の原料組成をポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂50重量%及びマスターペレット(M2)50重量%とした。さらに、各押出機の吐出量を各層の厚み比率がB/A/B=20/60/20となるようにA層側及びB層側の押出し機及びギアポンプの回転数を調整し、厚み230μmの未延伸フィルムを作製した。次いで、実施例1と同様の条件で、二軸延伸、熱固定処理、幅方向への緩和処理を行い、厚み20μmのポリエステル系積層フィルムロールを得た。積層フィルムの構成を表1に、得られたフィルムの特性値を表2に示した。
【0093】
比較例3
実施例1において、B層の原料組成をポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂30重量%及びマスターペレット(M2)70重量%とし、B層の原料組成をポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂30重量%及びマスターペレット(M2)70重量%とした。さらに、各押出機の吐出量を各層の厚み比率がB/A/B=20/60/20となるようにA層側及びB層側の押出し機及びギアポンプの回転数を調整して、厚み230μmの未延伸フィルムを作製した。引き続き、実施例1と同様に未延伸フィルムを二軸延伸しようとしたが、破断が多発して製膜することができなかった。未延伸の積層フィルムの構成を表1に示した。
【0094】
比較例4
実施例1において、マスターペレット(M2)の代わりに、あらかじめ乾式分級処理を行った、平均粒子径0.5μmのルチル型二酸化チタン50重量%とポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂50重量%からなるマスターペレット(M3)を用いた。B層の原料組成をポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂50重量%及びマスターペレット(M3)50重量%とし、A層の原料組成をポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂50重量%、マスターペレット(M3)50重量%とした。さらに、各押出機の吐出量を各層の厚み比率がB/A/B=10/80/10となるようにA層側及びB層側の押出し機及びギアポンプの回転数を調整して、厚み550μmの未延伸フィルムを作製した。次いで、実施例1と同様の条件で、二軸延伸、熱固定処理、幅方向への緩和処理を行い、厚み50μmのポリエステル系積層フィルムロールを得た。積層フィルムの構成を表1に、得られたフィルムの特性値を表2に示した。
【0095】
比較例5
実施例1において、B層の吐出を停止し、A層の原料組成をポリエチレンテレフタレート樹脂40重量%、マスターペレット(M1)30重量%、マスターペレット(M2)30重量%とした。厚み420μmの未延伸フィルムを作製し、次いで、実施例1と同様の条件で、二軸延伸、熱固定処理、幅方向への緩和処理を行い、厚み50μmの空洞含有ポリエステル系フィルムロールを得た。積層フィルムの構成を表1に、得られたフィルムの特性値を表2に示した。
【0096】
比較例6
実施例1において、マスターペレット(M2)の代わりに、乾式分級処理をしていない着色顔料紛体を用い、マスターペレット(M2)を作成したときのマスターペレット化工程を省略し、ホッパー、計量器は通常の装置を使用して、顔料と樹脂の混合物を製膜機の押し出し機に直接投入して製膜した。以上のようにして、厚み50μmのポリエステル系積層フィルムロールを得た。積層フィルムの構成を表1に、得られたフィルムの特性値を表2に示した。
【0097】
【表1】
【0098】
【表2】
【0099】
表1及び2から、以下のように考察することができる。
上記実施例1及び2で得られた、本願発明の要件をすべて満足する空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムは、絵柄印刷層との色調の違いが少なく、かつ傷が目立ちにくい特徴を有する。また、薄物とした場合においても隠蔽性に優れている。
【0100】
これに対して、比較例1、2、4、及び6で得られたポリエステル系積層フィルムは、ポリエステル樹脂に非相溶な熱可塑性樹脂を含有していないため、クッション性が不足していた。さらに、比較例6では着色顔料がポリエステル樹脂中に充分に分散していないため、フィルム表面の粗大突起により印刷品位が劣っていた。
【0101】
また、比較例2では隠蔽性が不足し、比較例3では製膜が困難であり、比較例4及び5では傷部分が目立ち、比較例5ではさらに表面強度が不足するため、化粧板の基材と絵柄印刷層との間に使用されるシート及び化粧シートに使用されるシート(フィルム)として好適なポリエステル系フィルムを得ることができなかった。
【0102】
【発明の効果】
本発明で得られた空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロールは、積層フィルムの空洞含有層(A層)とA層の少なくとも片面にポリエステル樹脂から主としてなる層(B層)を設け、かつA層の空洞積層数密度を特定値以上としているため、隠蔽性、クッション性、表面強度、製膜安定性のすべてに優れている。
【0103】
さらに、各層に少なくとも2種以上の着色顔料を含有させ、かつ450nmと650nmでの反射率比を特定範囲とし、かつフィルムロール内での色差の最大値と最小値の差を特定値以下としているため、絵柄印刷層との色調の差が小さく、かつフィルムロール内の色差の変動も少ない。
【0104】
そのため、本発明の空洞含有ポリエステル系積層フィルムロールを所望するサイズに断裁し、化粧板の基材と絵柄印刷層との間に使用されるシート、あるいは化粧シートに使用されるシート(フィルム)として使用する際に、絵柄印刷層の印刷品位に優れ、かつ受傷時の色調変化が少ないという顕著な効果が得られる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is excellent in printability, film-forming stability, secondary processing suitability, thermal dimensional stability, ink transferability, V-cut suitability, and a void-containing polyester suitable for a decorative sheet used by being bonded to metal or wood. The present invention relates to a laminated film roll.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Synthetic papers mainly made of synthetic resins have been developed in various applications because they are excellent in water resistance, surface gloss, printability due to a smooth surface, and the like. In particular, polyester resins typified by polyethylene terephthalate have characteristics of high heat resistance and high rigidity among synthetic paper raw materials, and are expanding the range of use.
[0003]
Further, due to the cushioning properties developed by the void-containing structure, it is widely used as various printing films including thermal transfer printing applications (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-280687). Examples of the void-containing polyester film used for such applications include those in which voids are formed around the particles by mixing and stretching inorganic fine particles in the polyester, thermoplastic resins that are incompatible with the polyester resin, and the like. A method of mixing and dispersing in polyester and using it as a core for forming a cavity is known. In particular, the latter is widely adopted because the film can be reduced in weight.
[0004]
As a cavity forming agent used for the cavity formation, a polyolefin resin typified by polypropylene resin or polymethylpentene resin (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 49-34755), or a polystyrene resin (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 49-49). No. 2016 gazette and Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-2955) have been proposed.
[0005]
However, simply forming cavities results in a film with low surface strength depending on the size, shape, and number of cavities, and there is a problem in applications that require surface strength.
[0006]
On the other hand, as for building materials, the sheet used between the base material of the decorative plate and the pattern printing layer, or the sheet (film) used for the decorative sheet is usually provided with a high-design pattern on the surface. The Furthermore, since the material is used for the surface, the surface may be damaged. In particular, when subjected to strong contact or rubbing, damage to the scratched part increases, and the surface and the inside of the film may be exposed on the surface of the decorative sheet. When the color tone of the film and the pattern print layer formed on the surface thereof is greatly different, the color tone of the damaged part is different from the surrounding color tone, so that the damaged part is conspicuous and the design of the surface of the decorative sheet is greatly impaired. . For this reason, it is requested | required that the color of the upper picture layer and this film used as a base material should not differ extremely.
[0007]
As the decorative sheet, a vinyl chloride resin sheet is most common. However, when a vinyl chloride resin sheet is used, the plasticizer moves to the adhesive layer and causes poor adhesion with the base material, or due to poor thermal dimensional stability, expansion and contraction due to heat occurs, causing wrinkles. There are problems such as inducing. Furthermore, it is said that the vinyl chloride resin sheet generates chlorine during incineration, and is also said to cause acid rain and dioxins. From the viewpoint of environmental protection, the vinyl chloride resin sheet is a decorative sheet that does not use a vinyl chloride resin sheet. The demand is growing.
[0008]
Similarly, polypropylene-based decorative sheets also have problems such as poor adhesion to the substrate, poor wrinkles due to poor thermal dimensional stability, and increased productivity in the printing process.
[0009]
For this reason, although the solution of the printability and heat resistance problems due to the colored polyester film has been attempted in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-268215, this method increases rigidity when priority is given to heat resistance, and the workability and cushioning properties are improved. Deteriorate. On the other hand, if workability is prioritized, the heat resistance becomes insufficient, so that it cannot be said to be a sufficient solution. Furthermore, in order to obtain sufficient concealability, it is necessary to contain a large amount of a colorant in a thin film, and there is a problem that the film forming property is remarkably deteriorated.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, have excellent concealment properties, cushioning properties, surface strength, film-forming stability, and have a small difference in color tone from the pattern printing layer, and a variation in color difference within the film roll. There are few, and when it is used for a decorative sheet, the print quality of the pattern print layer is excellent, and the color tone change at the time of damage is small. For decorative sheet The object is to provide a void-containing polyester-based laminated film roll.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a void-containing layer (A layer) mainly comprising a polyester resin and a composition containing a thermoplastic resin incompatible with the polyester resin, and a polyester resin on at least one side of the A layer. A void-containing polyester-based laminated film roll in which a layer mainly composed of (B layer) is laminated, (A) Both the A layer and the B layer contain at least two kinds of color pigments, (B) The incompatible thermoplastic resin is a polyolefin resin and a polystyrene resin containing a polymethylpentene resin, and (c) And the A layer has a cavity stacking number density defined by the following formula (1) of 0.20 / μm or more, (D) Further, the film surface has a reflectance ratio (R) at 450 nm and 650 nm. 650 / R 450 ) Is 1-5, (E) The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the color difference (ΔE) within the same film roll is 1.0 or less. , It is characterized by For decorative sheet A void-containing polyester-based laminated film roll.
Cavity stacking number density (pieces / μm) = number of cavities in layer A in the film thickness direction
(Pieces) / A layer thickness (μm) (1)
[0012]
According to a second aspect of the invention, the color pigment has an average particle size of 5 μm or less. For decorative sheet It is a void-containing polyester-based laminated film roll.
[0014]
In the fourth invention, the apparent density of the film is 0.70 to 1.45 g / cm. 3 The first characterized in that Or 2 It is a void-containing polyester laminated film roll according to the invention.
[0015]
A fifth invention is characterized in that the thickness of the laminated film is 100 μm or less, Or 3 The void-containing polyester-based laminated film roll described in the invention.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Films at 450 nm and 650 nm are used to reduce the difference in color tone between the pattern printing layer and the film, and to make the scratches when the pattern printing layer is damaged less noticeable than the wood grain printing used for many decorative panels. Surface reflectance ratio (R 650 / R 450 ) Must be 1-5. The upper limit of the reflectance ratio is preferably 3.0, particularly preferably 2.5. The lower limit of the reflectance ratio is preferably 1.2, particularly preferably 1.3. The reflectance ratio (R 650 / R 450 ) Is too small or too large, the difference in color tone between the pattern print layer and the film becomes large, and scratches when the pattern print layer is damaged are conspicuously undesirable.
[0017]
In addition, in the case of a thin film having a thickness of 100 μm or less, a large amount of colorant must be contained in order to ensure concealability, and the film-forming stability is adversely affected. On the other hand, by providing a void-containing structure in the film, the degree of hiding and whiteness are added, so the content of the color pigment can be reduced, and further in terms of the stretchability of the film for industrial production. We can cope enough.
[0018]
Furthermore, it becomes possible to give a different function in each layer by making a film into a laminated structure. Specifically, the cavity-containing layer (A layer) as a main layer has a function of ensuring stretchability, and is a layer (B layer) mainly made of a polyester resin laminated on at least one side of the A layer. In this case, it is possible to contain a large amount of colored pigment, which is impossible, and to have a function of further improving the concealing property.
[0019]
In addition, by making the inside of the film a void-containing structure, it is possible to impart moderate cushioning and softness to the film, and it is possible to give processing followability that could not be obtained with conventional colored polyester films. .
[0020]
The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the color difference (ΔE) on the film surface within the same film roll needs to be 1.0 or less. The difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the color difference is preferably 0.8 or less, particularly preferably 0.6 or less. Here, the color difference is represented by the square root of the sum of numerical values obtained by squaring the color tone L value, b value, and a value of the film measured using a color difference meter. If the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the color difference (ΔE) is too large, the color tone fluctuation in the lot of the film roll becomes large. Therefore, the designability after providing the pattern printing layer is impaired, and the stability of the product is impaired.
[0021]
In order to reduce the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the color difference (ΔE) of the film, the dispersion of the colored pigment in the film should be improved, and the segregation of the raw material in the raw material supply system and the extruder should be reduced. Becomes important.
[0022]
Specifically, as a method for improving the dispersibility of the color pigment, a master batch in which the color pigment is dispersed in the resin in advance is prepared, and then mixed and extruded by an extruder for film formation, A method using a high extruder is preferred. Furthermore, in the raw material supply system, in order to prevent segregation of the resin, it is effective to use a weighing device or a transfer device with high resin weighing accuracy, or a method of using a re-stirring facility alone or in combination. is there.
[0023]
For the void-containing layer (A layer), the whiteness and the concealment degree are greatly affected by the number of cavities and the form of the cavities, so that the cavities in the film roll are uniform in the width direction and the flow direction of the film. It is important to obtain quality such as whiteness and concealment level stably at a certain level.
[0024]
However, in order to stably obtain quality such as whiteness and concealment at a certain level, extremely advanced film-forming technology and process management are required, and fluctuations in the color tone of the void-containing layer (A layer) are minimized. It is generally very difficult to make it smaller.
[0025]
Therefore, the film has a laminated structure, and a color difference of the film in the film roll is provided by providing a polyester resin layer (B layer) containing a color pigment with less color variation factors outside the void-containing layer (A layer). It is possible to further reduce the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value.
[0026]
In the void-containing polyester laminated film roll of the present invention, in order to reduce the difference in color tone between the pattern printing layer and the film and to make the scratches when the pattern printing layer is damaged inconspicuous, the film surface at 450 nm and 650 nm Reflectance ratio (R 650 / R 450 ) Must be 1 to 5, and the reflectance ratio (R 650 / R 450 ) From 1 to 5, it is necessary to contain at least two or more kinds of color pigments in both the void-containing layer (A layer) and the layer mainly made of polyester resin (B layer). .
[0027]
Various coloring pigments shown below can be used.
As the white pigment, rutile-type or anatase-type titanium dioxide, zinc white, lead white, lead sulfate, ritbon, zinc sulfide, antimony oxide and the like can be used.
[0028]
Furthermore, as extender pigments that can provide a matte effect, barite, precipitated barium sulfate, barium carbonate, lime carbonate powder, precipitated calcium carbonate, gypsum, asbestos, clay (kaolin), silica powder, finely divided silicic acid, diatomaceous earth, Basic magnesium carbonate, alumina white, gloss white, satin white, etc. can be used.
[0029]
As the black pigment, magnetite (iron black), carbon black, aniline black, cyanine black and the like can be used. In addition to inorganic pigments such as yellow lead, zinc yellow, barium chromate, cadmium yellow, yellow iron oxide, ocher, titanium yellow, lead cyanamide, and calcium leadate as yellow pigments, azo pigments such as Hansa Yellow as organic pigments Nitro pigments such as naphthol yellow can be used.
[0030]
As the orange pigment, in addition to inorganic pigments such as red lead yellow lead and chrome permillion, azo pigments such as permanent orange can be used as organic pigments.
[0031]
In addition to inorganic pigments such as Bengala, red lead, silver red, cadmium red, cadmium mercury red, and antimony red, azo pigments such as permanent red or quinacridone pigments can be used as organic pigments.
[0032]
As a purple pigment, cobalt purple [(Co Three (PO Four ) 2 Or Co Three (AsO Four ) 2 In addition to inorganic pigments such as manganese purple, azo pigments such as fast violet B and basic dyeing lake pigments such as methyl violet lake can be used as organic pigments.
[0033]
In addition to inorganic pigments such as ultramarine, bitumen, cobalt blue, cerulean blue, and Wusu as blue pigments, phthalocyanine-based pigments such as phthalocyanine blue and acidic dyed lake pigments such as alkali blue lakes can be used as organic pigments.
[0034]
Green pigments include inorganic pigments such as chrome green, zinc green, chromium oxide, pyridian, emerald green, and cobalt green, and organic pigments such as nitroso pigments such as Pigment Green B and phthalocyanine pigments such as phthalocyanine green. it can.
[0035]
Among the above-described colored pigments, the average particle diameter (SEM method) is preferably 5 μm or less for inorganic pigments having a three-dimensional shape such as a spherical shape, a pseudo-spherical shape, and a cylindrical shape. The upper limit value of the average particle diameter is more preferably 3 μm, particularly preferably 1 μm. Further, the lower limit value of the average particle diameter is preferably 0.05 μm, more preferably 0.1 μm, and particularly preferably 0.3 μm. If the average particle size of the color pigment is too small, the surface area per volume will increase, resulting in increased moisture adsorption, resulting in a decrease in the inherent viscosity of the resin due to hydrolysis, and further, the color pigments tend to aggregate. Become. On the other hand, if the average particle size is too large, problems such as breakage of the film during production of the film and deterioration of the print finish may occur.
[0036]
In the present invention, the color pigment may be contained during the polymerization reaction of the polyester. After polymerization, the color pigment is kneaded and dispersed using, for example, a twin screw extruder to form a master batch, and a predetermined amount thereof is added to the polyester film. It is possible to adopt a method of blending with the above. As a method for adjusting the content of the color pigment, a method of adjusting the color pigment content by preparing a master material and diluting the master material with a material that does not substantially contain a color pigment is effective. The colored pigment is preferably subjected to at least one treatment such as a pulverization treatment, a dispersion treatment, a classification treatment, and a filtration treatment in advance in order to remove secondary aggregated coarse particles.
[0037]
Regarding the surface strength, it is achieved by making the film a laminated structure and setting the void lamination number density of the void-containing layer (A layer) in the thickness direction of the film to 0.20 pieces / μm or more. The upper limit value of the void lamination number density is more preferably 0.45 / μm, and particularly preferably 0.40 / μm. The lower limit is more preferably 0.25 / μm, and particularly preferably 0.30 / μm. When the number density of voids is less than 0.20 / μm, the void size is large and the surface strength is insufficient, or the volume of voids is small and the required cushioning property is not achieved. Followability deteriorates.
[0038]
Further, in the void-containing polyester-based laminated film roll in the present invention, the apparent density of the laminated film is 0.70 to 1.45 g / cm. Three It is preferable that The upper limit of the apparent density of the laminated film is 1.40 g / cm Three Is more preferable, and particularly preferably 1.35 g / cm. Three It is. The lower limit of the apparent density of the laminated film is 0.80 g / cm. Three More preferably, it is particularly preferably 0.85 g / cm. Three It is. If the apparent density of the laminated film is too small, the strength of the film is lowered, and it becomes difficult to handle in the post-processing step due to generation of wrinkles or cleaving of the surface. On the other hand, when the apparent density of the laminated film is too large, the void content is not sufficient, so that the characteristics required for a decorative sheet which is a preferred use of the present invention cannot be sufficiently obtained.
[0039]
In the present invention, in order to control the void lamination number density and the apparent density to the above ranges, for example, the content of a thermoplastic resin incompatible with the polyester resin shown below is adjusted to an appropriate range, or a film Examples of the method include adjusting the stretching temperature and the stretching ratio.
[0040]
In the void-containing polyester laminated film of the present invention, a thermoplastic resin that is incompatible with the polyester resin, including a polyolefin resin and a polystyrene resin, is dispersed in the polyester resin. A phase composed of a polystyrene resin is formed around the polyolefin resin particles (core-shell structure), and these are dispersed as a void-expressing material particle as a sea-island structure in the matrix polyester resin. The cavity included in the film of the present invention is formed at the interface between the dispersed particles made of the incompatible thermoplastic resin and the matrix polyester resin by stretching the molten resin molded product having the above structure in at least one direction. The
[0041]
The polyester resin used in the film of the present invention is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid or ester thereof such as terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, A polyester produced by polycondensation with a glycol such as neopentyl glycol.
[0042]
In addition to the method of directly reacting an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and glycol, these polyesters may be subjected to polycondensation after transesterification of an alkyl ester of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid and glycol, or diglycol of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid. It can be produced by a method such as polycondensation of an ester.
[0043]
Typical examples of such polyester include polyethylene terephthalate, polytrimethylene terephthalate, polyethylene butylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalate, and the like. These polyesters may be homopolymers or copolymerized with a third component. In any case, in the present invention, a polyester having an ethylene terephthalate unit, a propylene terephthalate unit, a butylene terephthalate unit or an ethylene-2,6-naphthalate unit of 70 mol% or more is preferable, more preferably 80 mol% or more, particularly preferably. Is 90 mol% or more. In addition, the said polyester resin may be used individually or may be used in mixture of 2 or more types.
[0044]
Examples of the polyolefin resin used as the cavity-expressing material in the void-containing layer (A layer) of the laminated film of the present invention include polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, and polymethylpentene. These are not necessarily limited to homopolymers. Moreover, the copolymer polymer which superposed | polymerized two or more types of olefinic monomers may be sufficient, and the modified polyolefin resin which copolymerized the organic acid component etc. may be sufficient.
[0045]
In addition, the polyolefin resin does not necessarily need to be used alone. In addition to the main component (polyolefin resin component having the largest content), other subcomponents (polyolefin resin component having a small content relative to the main component) are used. You may mix and use.
[0046]
Further, in the present invention, polymethylpentene resin is particularly preferable among the polyolefin-based resins because it is difficult to soften even at high temperatures and exhibits excellent cavity development.
[0047]
The upper limit of the content of the polyolefin-based resin is preferably 14.5% by weight, particularly preferably 11.5% by weight, based on the resin composition constituting the void-containing layer (A layer). . Moreover, it is preferable that a lower limit is 2.0 weight%, Especially preferably, it is 4.0 weight%. If the content of the polyolefin resin is too small, the void content in the void-containing layer (A layer) of the laminated film is not sufficient, so that the characteristics necessary for a decorative sheet that is a preferred use of the present invention can be sufficiently obtained. Disappear. On the other hand, when there is too much content of polyolefin resin, stability of the extending process at the time of film formation cannot be obtained.
[0048]
In addition, the polystyrene resin used for the void-containing layer (A layer) of the laminated film of the present invention is not particularly limited, but as a representative resin, each main component such as an organic acid component, in addition to a homopolymer obtained by polymerizing a styrene monomer. Examples thereof include copolymerized modified polystyrene resin. The content of the polystyrene resin is preferably 7.0% by weight, particularly preferably 5.0% by weight, based on the resin composition constituting the void-containing layer. Moreover, it is preferable that a lower limit is 0.5 weight%, Most preferably, it is 1.0 weight%. If the content of the polystyrene-based resin is too small, the void-expressing material particles made of a resin that is incompatible with the polyester resin are coarsely dispersed to increase the voids, thereby impairing physical properties such as surface strength. On the other hand, when there is too much content of a polystyrene-type resin, the rigidity of a film will become high and a softness | flexibility will be impaired.
[0049]
In the laminated film of the present invention, the total content of the thermoplastic resin incompatible with the polyester resin, including the polyolefin resin and the polystyrene resin, is an upper limit value with respect to the resin composition constituting the void-containing layer. Is preferably 15.0% by weight, particularly preferably 10.0% by weight. Moreover, it is preferable that a lower limit is 2.5 weight%, Especially preferably, it is 4.0 weight%. When the total content of the thermoplastic resin incompatible with the polyester resin is too small, the void content of the film becomes insufficient, and the characteristics required for a decorative sheet which is a preferred use of the present invention cannot be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, when there is too much content of a polystyrene-type resin, stability of the extending | stretching process at the time of film forming will no longer be obtained.
[0050]
The polyolefin resin and polystyrene resin used for the void-containing layer (A layer) of the laminated film of the present invention are the melt viscosity η of the polyolefin resin. O (Poise) and polystyrene resin melt viscosity η S (Poise) ratio (η O / Η S ) Is preferably 0.80 or less, particularly preferably 0.50 or less. If the ratio of the melt viscosity is too large, the dispersion of the polystyrene-based resin becomes non-uniform, and the phase structure in the incompatible resin dispersion becomes unstable, so the dispersion state of the cavity-expressing material deteriorates, It becomes difficult to set the void lamination number density in the film thickness direction within the above range.
[0051]
When two or more types of polyolefin resin are mixed and used, the melt viscosity of the polyolefin resin (main component) having the largest content is η. O It is preferable to set the resin viscosity so that (poise) satisfies the above-described relationship of melt viscosity.
[0052]
When polymethylpentene resin is used as the main component of polyolefin resin, melt viscosity η of the polymethylpentene resin O Is preferably not more than 3,500 poise, particularly preferably not more than 2,000 poise. Melt viscosity η of polymethylpentene resin O If the melt viscosity is too large, the resin becomes difficult to disperse in the process of kneading and extruding the film raw material, and the properties required for a decorative sheet which is a preferred use of the present invention cannot be sufficiently obtained.
[0053]
In addition, the melt viscosity η of polystyrene resin S The upper limit is preferably 10,000 poise, particularly preferably 7,000 poise. The lower limit is preferably 1,000 poise, and particularly preferably 3,000 poise. Polystyrene resin melt viscosity η S Is too large, the resin becomes difficult to disperse in the process of kneading and extruding the film raw material, while the melt viscosity η of the polystyrene resin S If it is too small, the distribution of the resin becomes non-uniform, and in either case, the properties required for a decorative sheet which is a preferred application of the present invention cannot be obtained sufficiently.
[0054]
Further, the laminated film of the present invention may contain inorganic or organic inert particles as necessary in order to further improve the concealability. Examples of the inert particles include titanium dioxide, silica, kaolinite, talc, calcium carbonate, zeolite, alumina, barium sulfate, carbon black, zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, and other inorganic particles, as well as organic particles. However, it is not particularly limited.
[0055]
Further, the content of the inert particles is not particularly limited. However, when the inert particles are contained, the type and content should be set within a range not deteriorating the properties as a decorative sheet which is a preferred application of the present invention.
[0056]
Moreover, in the laminated | multilayer film of this invention, you may provide an application layer in the at least single side | surface. By providing the coating layer, functions such as adhesion and antistatic properties can be imparted. As the binder resin mainly constituting the coating layer, a copolymer polyester resin is preferable, but in addition to this, a polymer resin that improves the adhesion of a normal polyester film, such as a polyurethane resin, a polyester urethane resin, an acrylic resin, and the like. In addition, compounds that improve antistatic properties can be applied.
[0057]
As a method for providing the coating layer, conventionally used methods such as a gravure coating method, a kiss coating method, a dip method, a spray coating method, a curtain coating method, an air knife coating method, a blade coating method, and a reverse roll coating method can be applied. As the application step, any method such as an in-line coating method applied before or after stretching the film or an off-line coating method applied to the film surface after the biaxial orientation treatment is possible.
[0058]
The method for producing the void-containing polyester-based laminated film roll of the present invention is arbitrary and is not particularly limited. For example, the mixture having the above composition is melted and extruded into a sheet to form an unstretched film. The unstretched film is stretched in at least one direction, then heat-set, and if necessary, heat-relaxed, cooled, cut at both ends, then slit in the required size and wound into a paper tube The general method of taking can be used.
[0059]
In the present invention, a thermoplastic resin that is incompatible with the polyester resin is dispersed in the polyester resin in the process of melting and extruding the raw material. In the embodiment of the present invention, the polyester resin and the resin mixed with the polyester resin are those supplied in the form of pellets, but are not limited thereto.
[0060]
The raw materials to be fed into the extruder for melt molding into a film were prepared by mixing these resins with pellets according to the target composition. However, the polyester resin and polyolefin resin used in the present invention are generally greatly different in specific gravity, and it is preferable to add a measure not to re-separate the pellets once mixed in the process of being supplied to the extruder.
[0061]
As a preferable example of the measures for this purpose, there is a method in which a part or all of the raw resin is combined and kneaded and pelletized in advance to prepare a master batch pellet. Although this method was used in the examples of the present invention, the method is not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not hindered.
[0062]
Further, in the extrusion of the mixed system of these incompatible resins, the non-phase-dispersed particles dispersed in the form of particles can be obtained from the function of reducing the interfacial energy of the resin even after being mixed and finely dispersed in the molten state. The molten resin has the property of re-aggregating. This is a phenomenon that hinders expression of the desired physical properties by coarsely dispersing the cavity-expressing material when extruding an unstretched film.
[0063]
In order to prevent this, when forming the film of the present invention, it is preferable to finely disperse the cavity-expressing material in advance using a twin screw extruder having a higher mixing effect. In addition, when this is difficult, it is also preferable to supply the raw material resin from the extruder to the feed block or the die through a static mixer as an auxiliary means.
[0064]
As the static mixer used here, a static mixer, an orifice, or the like can be used. However, when these methods are employed, heat-degraded resin may be retained in the melt line, so care must be taken. Since reaggregation of molten incompatible resin is considered to proceed with time in a low shear state, reducing the residence time of the molten resin in the melt line from the extruder to the die is a fundamental solution. Become. In the present invention, this time is preferably 30 minutes or less, particularly preferably 15 minutes or less.
[0065]
The lamination of the void-containing layer (A layer) and the layer mainly made of polyester resin (B layer) is preferably performed in a molten state by a coextrusion method.
[0066]
The unstretched film obtained as described above is stretched and oriented in at least a uniaxial direction. The stretching / orientation conditions are closely related to the physical properties of the film. In the following, the stretching / orientation conditions will be described by taking as an example the most commonly used sequential biaxial stretching method, particularly a method of stretching an unstretched film in the longitudinal direction and then in the width direction.
[0067]
In the longitudinal stretching step, stretching is performed between two or many rolls having different peripheral speeds. As a heating means at this time, a method using a heating roll or a method using a non-contact heating method may be used, or they may be used in combination. Next, the uniaxially stretched film is introduced into a tenter and stretched 2.5 to 5.0 times in the width direction at a temperature of (Tm-10 ° C.) or lower. (However, Tm represents the melting point of the polyester.)
[0068]
In addition, a heat setting treatment is performed on the biaxially stretched film. The heat setting treatment is preferably carried out in a tenter, particularly preferably in the range of (Tm-60 ° C.) to Tm. Furthermore, a relaxation treatment may be performed in the width direction and / or the longitudinal direction in order to further improve the dimensional stability.
[0069]
The void-containing polyester-based laminated film thus obtained is provided between a pattern printing layer and a substrate such as wood or metal when used for a particularly suitable decorative sheet.
[0070]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in detail using examples and comparative examples. First, the measurement method and evaluation method used in the present invention are shown below.
[0071]
(1) Spectral reflectance
The spectral reflectance of the film was measured in a reflection mode using a spectrophotometer (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd., U3500). Reflectance R at 450 nm 450 And reflectance R at 650 nm 650 And the reflectance ratio (R 650 / R 450 )
[0072]
(2) Difference between the maximum and minimum values of color difference (ΔE)
The color difference was measured with a color difference meter (manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Co., Ltd., Z-1001DP) with respect to the longitudinal direction of the film roll. The film roll was sampled in a range of 1,000 m every 20 m, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the color difference was determined among these samples.
[0073]
(3) A layer cavity number density of layer A
Using a scanning electron microscope, cut surfaces parallel to the longitudinal stretching direction of the film and perpendicular to the film surface were observed at five different portions of the sample. The cut surface was observed at an appropriate magnification of 300 to 3,000 times, and a photograph was taken to confirm the distribution state of the cavities of the cavities-containing layer (A layer) in the laminated film. A straight line was drawn perpendicularly to the film surface at an arbitrary position on the photographic image, and the number N of cavities (number of layers) intersecting the straight line was counted. Further, along this straight line, the thickness T (μm) of the A layer in the laminated film is measured, and the number of cavities laminated N (pieces) is divided by the thickness of the A layer to obtain the cavity lamination number density N / T (pieces / μm). ) The measurement was carried out at 5 locations per photograph, and the average value of the number of layered A layer cavities at a total of 25 locations was determined and used as the number of layered A layer cavities in the sample (pieces / μm).
[0074]
(4) Melt viscosity (η O , Η S )
The melt viscosity at a resin temperature of 285 ° C. and a shear rate of 100 / second was measured using a flow tester (manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation, CFT-500). Note that measurement of melt viscosity at a shear rate of 100 / sec is difficult to perform with the shear rate fixed at 100 / sec. Therefore, using an appropriate load, any shear rate of less than 100 / sec and The melt viscosity was measured at an arbitrary shear rate higher than the shear rate, the melt viscosity was plotted on the vertical axis, and the shear rate was plotted on the horizontal axis, and plotted on a log-log graph. The two points were connected by a straight line, and the melt viscosity (η: poise) at a shear rate of 100 / sec was determined by interpolation.
[0075]
(5) Film thickness and apparent density
Four films were cut into 5.00 cm squares and used as samples. Four of these were stacked, and 10 points were measured with 4 digits of significant figures using a film thickness meter (manufactured by SONY Precision Technology Inc., Digital Micrometer M-30), and the average value of the stacked thickness was obtained. The average value was divided by 4 and the fourth decimal place was rounded off to obtain the average film thickness (t: μm) per sheet in the third decimal place. Further, the weight (w: g) of the four samples was measured up to four significant figures with an automatic top balance, and the apparent density was determined by the following formula. The apparent density was rounded to 3 significant figures.
Apparent density (g / cm Three ) = W × 10 Four /(5.00×5.00×t×4)
[0076]
(6) Intrinsic viscosity of polyester resin
The polyester raw material was dissolved in a mixed solvent of 60% by weight of phenol and 40% by weight of 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, and the solid content was filtered through a glass filter.
[0077]
(7) Surface strength
A clean film was cut into a length of 5 cm and a width of 20 cm, and was adhered to the flat glass using a polyester double-sided adhesive tape A. A 24 mm wide adhesive tape B (manufactured by Nichiban Co., Ltd., cello tape) is applied to this surface over a length of 35 mm and left for 1 minute. Then, it peeled at a stretch in the direction perpendicular | vertical to a glass surface, and observed the surface. When the film surface was peeled off at 50% or more of the peeled area of the adhesive tape B, it was “peeled”, and “o” (excellent surface strength) when the frequency of “peeling” was less than half after 5 or more repetitions. ), More than half of the cases were evaluated as “×” (poor surface strength).
[0078]
(8) Average particle diameter of pigment
For the powdered pigment particles, the number average particle size of the particles was calculated from the transmission electron microscope image, and was used as the average particle size.
[0079]
(9) Total light transmittance
The light transmittance of the film was measured using a haze meter (Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd., NDH1001 DP), and the film was ranked according to the following criteria.
○: ≦ 10%
Δ: Over 10% and less than 50%
×: ≧ 50%
[0080]
(10) Print surface quality
Using an ink made of nitrocellulose alkyd resin, a wood grain pattern layer is applied to the film surface by gravure printing, and the finish and the stability of the finish of multiple sheets are visually judged as follows. did.
○: Good
Δ: Slightly poor print appearance
×: Print appearance is poor
[0081]
(11) Change in color tone upon injury
The surface of the decorative sheet provided with the pattern printing layer on the surface of the polyester film was rubbed with a coin to destroy the pattern printing layer and the polyester film, and the change in the color tone of the destroyed portion was visually evaluated. The case where the change in color tone was small and the scratches were not noticeable was marked with ◯, the case where the color change was large and the scratches were noticeable was marked with ×, and the middle was marked with Δ.
[0082]
Example 1
(Master pellet adjustment)
Melt viscosity (η O ) Is 1,300 poise polymethylpentene resin (Mitsui Chemicals, DX820) 60 wt%, melt viscosity (η S ) Is 285 ° C. obtained by mixing 20% by weight of a polystyrene resin (G797N, manufactured by Nippon Polyste Co., Ltd.) with a weight of 3,900 poise and 20% by weight of a polypropylene resin (G104 Polymer, manufactured by Grand Polymer Co., Ltd.) with a melt viscosity of 2,000 poise at 285 ° C. The mixture was supplied to a vent type twin screw extruder adjusted in temperature and pre-kneaded. This molten resin was continuously supplied to a vent type single-screw kneader, kneaded and extruded, and the resulting strand was cooled and cut to prepare a cavity-expressing material-containing master pellet (M1).
[0083]
In addition, 46 parts by weight of rutile titanium dioxide particles, 0.22 parts by weight of carbon black, 2.6 parts by weight of red iron oxide, and 37.8 parts by weight of titanium yellow are dispersed and mixed to give a color having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm. A powder of the pigment particle mixture (P) was obtained. Each colored pigment was previously subjected to a dry classification treatment, and 50% by weight of this colored pigment particle mixture (P) was mixed with 50% by weight of a polyethylene terephthalate resin having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.62 dl / g obtained by a conventional method. The obtained composition was supplied to a vent type twin screw extruder, kneaded and extruded into a strand shape. The obtained strand was cooled and cut to prepare a colored pigment-containing master pellet (M2).
[0084]
(Adjustment of film raw materials)
64% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate resin having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.62 dl / g subjected to vacuum drying at 140 ° C. for 8 hours, and 6% by weight of the above-mentioned master pellet (M1) containing the above-described cavity-expressing material subjected to vacuum drying at 90 ° C. for 4 hours %, And the master pellet (M2) 30% by weight that had been vacuum-dried at 140 ° C. for 8 hours, was used as the A layer film raw material (C1).
[0085]
Next, 70% by weight of the same polyethylene terephthalate resin as used for the film material (C1) and 30% by weight of the master pellet (M2) were mixed to obtain a film material for layer B (C1).
[0086]
In these weighing and mixing operations, a continuous high-precision weighing feeder was used, and a hopper for temporary storage was a small-bottom area type with less segregation due to a difference in specific gravity.
[0087]
(Preparation of unstretched film)
The above-mentioned A layer film raw material (C1) was separately supplied to an extruder (I) whose temperature was adjusted to 285 ° C., and the B layer film raw material (C2) was separately supplied to an extruder (II) whose temperature was adjusted to 290 ° C. In these weighing and mixing operations, a continuous high-precision weighing feeder was used, and a small storage area hopper was used for temporary storage.
[0088]
The molten resin discharged from the extruder (I) is guided to the feed block via the static mixer, and the resin discharged from the extruder (II) is also guided to the feed block via the static mixer. ), A polyethylene terephthalate resin and a layer (A layer) composed of a master pellet (M2) were laminated in the order of B layer / A layer / B layer. This was coextruded from a T-die on a cooling roll whose temperature was adjusted to 25 ° C. to produce an unstretched film having a thickness of 180 μm. In addition, the rotation speed of the extruder and gear pump of the A layer side and the B layer side was adjusted so that the thickness ratio of each layer was B / A / B = 20/60/20.
[0089]
(Production of biaxially stretched film)
The obtained unstretched film was uniformly heated to 65 ° C. using a heating roll, and longitudinally stretched 3.4 times between two pairs of nip rolls having different peripheral speeds. At this time, as an auxiliary heating device for the film, an infrared heater equipped with a gold reflective film in the middle part of the nip roll was installed opposite to both sides of the film (distance of 1 cm from the film surface) and heated. After longitudinal stretching, the original fabric was quenched with a metal roll adjusted to 25 ° C. The uniaxially stretched film thus obtained was guided to a tenter, heated to 150 ° C. and transversely stretched 3.7 times, subjected to heat treatment at 230 ° C. for 5 seconds while fixing the width, and further at 200 ° C. in the width direction. Then, the ears at both ends were trimmed during the cooling process, and a hollow-containing polyester-based laminated film having a thickness of 20 μm was wound up in a roll shape to a little over 1000 m. The composition of the laminated film is shown in Table 1, and the characteristic values of the obtained film are shown in Table 2.
[0090]
Example 2
In Example 1, the raw material composition of layer B is 80% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate resin and 20% by weight of master pellet (M2), the raw material composition of layer A is 74% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate resin, and 6% by weight of the master pellet (M1). The master pellet (M2) was 20% by weight. Further, the thickness of each extruder is adjusted so that the thickness ratio of each layer is B / A / B = 10/80/10 by adjusting the rotational speeds of the extruder and gear pump on the A layer side and B layer side. A 460 μm unstretched film was produced. Next, biaxial stretching, heat setting treatment, and relaxation treatment in the width direction were performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a void-containing polyester-based laminated film roll having a thickness of 50 μm. The composition of the laminated film is shown in Table 1, and the characteristic values of the obtained film are shown in Table 2.
[0091]
Comparative Example 1
In Example 1, the raw material composition of layer B is 80% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate resin and 20% by weight of master pellet (M2), and the raw material composition of layer A is 80% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate resin and 20% by weight of master pellet (M2). did. Furthermore, the number of revolutions of the extruder and gear pump on the A layer side and B layer side is adjusted so that the thickness ratio of each layer is B / A / B = 10/80/10 for the discharge amount of each extruder, and the thickness is 550 μm. An unstretched film was prepared. Next, biaxial stretching, heat setting treatment, and relaxation treatment in the width direction were performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a polyester-based laminated film roll having a thickness of 50 μm. The composition of the laminated film is shown in Table 1, and the characteristic values of the obtained film are shown in Table 2.
[0092]
Comparative Example 2
In Example 1, the raw material composition of layer B is 50% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate resin and 50% by weight of master pellet (M2), and the raw material composition of layer A is 50% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate resin and 50% by weight of master pellet (M2). did. Furthermore, the number of revolutions of the extruder and the gear pump on the A layer side and the B layer side are adjusted so that the thickness ratio of each layer is B / A / B = 20/60/20, and the thickness is 230 μm. An unstretched film was prepared. Next, biaxial stretching, heat setting treatment, and relaxation treatment in the width direction were performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a polyester-based laminated film roll having a thickness of 20 μm. The composition of the laminated film is shown in Table 1, and the characteristic values of the obtained film are shown in Table 2.
[0093]
Comparative Example 3
In Example 1, the raw material composition of layer B is 30% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate resin and 70% by weight of master pellets (M2), and the raw material composition of layer B is 30% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate resin and 70% by weight of master pellets (M2). did. Furthermore, the number of revolutions of the extruder and gear pump on the A layer side and the B layer side is adjusted so that the thickness of each layer is B / A / B = 20/60/20, and the discharge amount of each extruder is adjusted. A 230 μm unstretched film was produced. Subsequently, an attempt was made to biaxially stretch an unstretched film in the same manner as in Example 1, but breakage occurred frequently and the film could not be formed. The structure of the unstretched laminated film is shown in Table 1.
[0094]
Comparative Example 4
In Example 1, instead of the master pellet (M2), a master pellet (M3) composed of 50% by weight of rutile titanium dioxide having an average particle diameter of 0.5 μm and 50% by weight of a polyethylene terephthalate resin, which was previously subjected to a dry classification treatment. Was used. The raw material composition of layer B was 50% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate resin and 50% by weight of master pellet (M3), and the raw material composition of layer A was 50% by weight of polyethylene terephthalate resin and 50% by weight of master pellet (M3). Further, the thickness of each extruder is adjusted so that the thickness ratio of each layer is B / A / B = 10/80/10 by adjusting the rotational speeds of the extruder and gear pump on the A layer side and B layer side. A 550 μm unstretched film was produced. Next, biaxial stretching, heat setting treatment, and relaxation treatment in the width direction were performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a polyester-based laminated film roll having a thickness of 50 μm. The composition of the laminated film is shown in Table 1, and the characteristic values of the obtained film are shown in Table 2.
[0095]
Comparative Example 5
In Example 1, the discharge of the B layer was stopped, and the raw material composition of the A layer was 40% by weight of the polyethylene terephthalate resin, 30% by weight of the master pellet (M1), and 30% by weight of the master pellet (M2). An unstretched film having a thickness of 420 μm was produced, and then biaxial stretching, heat setting treatment, and relaxation treatment in the width direction were performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a void-containing polyester film roll having a thickness of 50 μm. . The composition of the laminated film is shown in Table 1, and the characteristic values of the obtained film are shown in Table 2.
[0096]
Comparative Example 6
In Example 1, instead of the master pellet (M2), a colored pigment powder not subjected to a dry classification treatment was used, and the master pelletization step when the master pellet (M2) was prepared was omitted. Using a normal apparatus, the mixture of the pigment and the resin was directly put into the extruder of the film forming machine to form a film. As described above, a polyester-based laminated film roll having a thickness of 50 μm was obtained. The composition of the laminated film is shown in Table 1, and the characteristic values of the obtained film are shown in Table 2.
[0097]
[Table 1]
[0098]
[Table 2]
[0099]
From Tables 1 and 2, it can be considered as follows.
The void-containing polyester-based laminated film that satisfies all the requirements of the present invention obtained in Examples 1 and 2 described above has a feature that there is little difference in color tone from the pattern printing layer and scratches are not noticeable. Moreover, even when it is a thin object, it is excellent in concealment.
[0100]
On the other hand, the polyester-based laminated films obtained in Comparative Examples 1, 2, 4, and 6 did not contain a thermoplastic resin that was incompatible with the polyester resin, and therefore had insufficient cushioning properties. Further, in Comparative Example 6, since the color pigment was not sufficiently dispersed in the polyester resin, the print quality was inferior due to the coarse protrusion on the film surface.
[0101]
Further, in Comparative Example 2, the concealability is insufficient, and in Comparative Example 3, film formation is difficult. In Comparative Examples 4 and 5, scratches are conspicuous. In Comparative Example 5, the surface strength is further insufficient. A polyester film suitable as a sheet (film) used for a sheet used between the material and the pattern printing layer and a decorative sheet could not be obtained.
[0102]
【The invention's effect】
The void-containing polyester-based laminated film roll obtained in the present invention is provided with a void-containing layer (A layer) of the laminated film and a layer (B layer) mainly comprising a polyester resin on at least one side of the A layer, and the void of the A layer Since the lamination number density is a specific value or more, it is excellent in all of the concealing property, cushioning property, surface strength, and film forming stability.
[0103]
Further, each layer contains at least two kinds of coloring pigments, the reflectance ratio at 450 nm and 650 nm is in a specific range, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the color difference in the film roll is set to a specific value or less. Therefore, the difference in color tone from the pattern printing layer is small, and the variation in the color difference in the film roll is small.
[0104]
Therefore, the void-containing polyester-based laminated film roll of the present invention is cut into a desired size, and used as a sheet used between the base material of the decorative board and the pattern printing layer, or a sheet (film) used in the decorative sheet. When used, it is possible to obtain a remarkable effect that the print quality of the pattern print layer is excellent and the change in color tone upon damage is small.
Claims (4)
空洞積層数密度(個/μm)=フィルム厚み方向におけるA層の空洞数
(個)/A層の厚み(μm)…(1)A void-containing layer (A layer) mainly composed of a polyester resin and a composition containing a thermoplastic resin incompatible with the polyester resin, and a layer (B layer) mainly composed of a polyester resin are laminated on at least one side of the A layer. A void-containing polyester-based laminated film roll, wherein (a) both the A layer and the B layer contain at least two kinds of color pigments; and (b) an incompatible thermoplastic resin is a polymethylpentene resin. (C) and the A layer has a void lamination number density defined by the following formula (1) of 0.20 / μm or more, (d) and the film surface is 450nm and reflectance ratio at 650nm (R 650 / R 450) is 1 to 5, the maximum and minimum values of (e) a color difference in the same film in the roll (Delta] e) The difference is 1.0 or less, the decorative void containing polyester laminated film roll sheet, characterized in that.
Cavity stacking number density (pieces / μm) = number of cavities in layer A in the film thickness direction
(Pieces) / A layer thickness (μm) (1)
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| EP1692226B1 (en) * | 2003-12-02 | 2009-06-24 | Eastman Chemical Company | Compositions for the preparation of void-containing articles |
| JP5298423B2 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2013-09-25 | 東レ株式会社 | Shading polyester film |
| JP5633595B2 (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2014-12-03 | 東レ株式会社 | Shading polyester film |
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