JP3963229B2 - Deodorizing apparatus and deodorizing method - Google Patents

Description

【００３５】
【発明の効果】
脱臭処理が確実で、しかもランニングコストは低廉であり、更には設置場所や使用できる時間帯を制限されない。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】脱臭装置の全体構造を示す断面図
【図２】脱臭装置の平面図
【図３】オゾン供給部の構造を示す横断面図
【図４】オゾン分散部を構成する分散スクリーンの平面図
【図５】オゾン分散部を構成する分散スクリーンの平面図
【図６】ガスが分散スクリーンを通過する際の様子を示す斜視図
【符号の説明】
Ａ ガス吸引口部
Ｂ オゾン供給部
Ｃ オゾン分散部
Ｄ オゾン分解部
Ｅ ガス吸引部
Ｆ 吸着部
１ ケース
３ オゾン供給管
５ オゾン発生器
７ 分散スクリーン（多孔板）
７ａ フィン
７ｂ 孔
９ オゾン分解触媒
１０ 網体
１３ ブロア
１４ ダンパー
１５ 外筒
１６ 内筒
１７ ケース
１８ 吸着剤[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is, for example, a stocker for chemicals, organic solvents, fragrances, etc., a space with a large amount of odor generation such as a garbage sorting place, a temporary garbage storage, a temporary medical waste storage, or an instrumentation of a printing factory or chemical factory The present invention relates to a deodorizing technique for a space that is always filled with odor such as a room.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In general, an air conditioner for air conditioning is used for air management in stockers such as chemicals, organic solvents, and fragrances. The air conditioner adjusts the temperature and humidity of the air and also plays a role of purifying the air.
By the way, the filter of the air conditioner is intended to remove fine particles in units of microns, and can be removed up to fine particles having a particle size of about 0.1 μm. On the other hand, since the odor component is composed of ultrafine particles of about 40 to 100%, it cannot be removed by the filter of the air conditioner. In other words, a satisfactory deodorizing effect cannot be expected with an air conditioner.
[0003]
Some apparatuses configured mainly for deodorization mainly include activated carbon adsorbents. This device has a feature that it can effectively treat odors generated from chemicals, organic solvents, fragrances, and the like, but has the disadvantage that the deodorizing action does not last long. This is because an activated carbon adsorbent that adsorbs a certain amount of odors has a sudden decrease in adsorption capacity due to the so-called breakthrough phenomenon of activated carbon. Therefore, the activated carbon adsorbent must be frequently replaced with a new one or regenerated, which takes a lot of trouble. In addition, the cost is high and it is not economical.
[0004]
Other than the activated carbon adsorbent, there is a deodorizing device using ozone. In this apparatus, ozone is directly supplied to a space where odors are present, and the odor content is treated by the oxidizing action of ozone. Therefore, it is easy to handle and can handle almost all odors except ammonia. However, this device has a drawback that the place and time zone where it can be used are severely restricted. That is, ozone has a half-life of 10 hours or more and requires a considerable time for the oxidation reaction. Therefore, there is no particular problem if it is used for deodorization in an unmanned space, but when it is used in a manned space, undecomposed ozone is taken into the body, which may cause injuries such as bronchitis.
[0005]
Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a deodorization technique that ensures deodorization treatment, has a low running cost, and does not limit the installation location and the usable time zone.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above issues
Gas suction means for sucking gas containing odor, ozone supply means for supplying ozone to gas containing odor sucked by the action of the gas suction means, and odor provided on the downstream side of the ozone supply means Ozone dispersion means for mixing / dispersing ozone in a gas containing gas, ozone decomposition means for decomposing ozone mixed / dispersed in a gas containing odor provided downstream of the ozone dispersion means, and the ozone A deodorizing device comprising adsorption means provided downstream of the decomposition means ,
The ozone dispersing means is solved by a deodorizing device characterized in that a plurality of perforated plates each having a rising portion around the hole are laminated .
[0007]
In addition, the above-mentioned problem is a gas suction step for sucking a gas containing an odor component,
An ozone supply step of supplying ozone to the gas containing the sucked odor,
Through the ozone supply step, a gas containing ozone and odor is raised around the hole and passed through a laminate in which a plurality of porous plates each having a raised portion are laminated, and the holes in the porous plate in the laminate are passed through the gas. An ozone dispersion step in which when the gas passes, the gas collides with the rising portion, and ozone in the gas is mixed and dispersed in the gas containing odorous components,
An ozone decomposition step of decomposing ozone in the gas comprising ozone through the ozone dispersion process is mixed and dispersed in a gas containing smell mood,
An oxidation step of oxidizing the odor mood contained in the gas by oxygen generated by the ozone decomposition step,
Is solved by deodorizing method characterized by comprising the adsorption step of adsorbing and removing residual odor mood and undecomposed ozone contained in the gas to the treated in the oxidation step.
[0008]
In the deodorizing apparatus, the ozone supply means includes an ozone generation means and a tube body whose proximal end is connected to the ozone generation device, and a plurality of through holes are formed in the peripheral surface of the tube body. In addition, the tubular body can be provided so that the portion where the through hole is formed exists in the flow path of the gas containing odor. And when it is set as such a structure, it is preferable that a through-hole is formed so that the ozone from an ozone generation means may blow out in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the gas containing an odor component. By doing so, ozone can be more efficiently mixed with the gas containing odor.
[0009]
The ozone dispersing means has a plurality of perforated plates stacked along the gas flow direction, and while passing through the perforated plates, the supplied ozone is mixed with the gas containing odor. Can be configured to be distributed. In particular, it is assumed that the perforated plate is formed with a plurality of fins having a predetermined angle with respect to the gas flow direction, and the holes are formed in the vicinity of the fins, and a gas containing an odor component to which ozone is supplied. By repeatedly colliding with the fins, the supplied ozone can be mixed and dispersed in a gas containing odor.
[0010]
The ozonolysis means has a net provided to be orthogonal to the gas flow direction, and an ozone decomposition catalyst provided on the net, and the odor content contained in the gas is the ozone decomposition. It can be configured to be oxidized by the action of oxygen generated from ozone by the action of the catalyst.
Further, the adsorption means has a double cylindrical container and an adsorbent filled between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the container, and the ozonolysis supplied to the inner space of the inner cylinder The gas processed by the means can be discharged from the surface of the outer cylinder through the adsorbent layer.
[0011]
The gas suction means can be provided between the ozone decomposition means and the adsorption means so that the sucked gas is supplied to the adsorption means.
Moreover, in the said deodorizing method, it is preferable to supply ozone so that the ozone density | concentration immediately before an ozone decomposition process may be 1-50 ppm. A particularly desirable ozone concentration is 5 to 20 ppm. This is due to the following reason. When the ozone supply amount is less than the above numerical value, a large amount of unoxidized odor remains, resulting in poor deodorization efficiency. On the contrary, if the ozone supply amount is larger than the above numerical value, the proportion of ozone remaining without being decomposed increases, and the ozone decomposition catalyst deteriorates early.
[0012]
As described above, in the present invention, ozone is uniformly mixed and dispersed in the gas containing the sucked odor. Then, the dispersed ozone is decomposed to generate oxygen atoms, and the odor component is oxidatively decomposed by the action of the oxygen atoms. As a result, the odor content is changed to an odorless substance or a substance with a weak odor.
For example, hydrogen sulfide [H ₂ S], methyl mercaptan [CH ₃ SH], trimethylamine [(CH ₃ ) ₃ N], and acetaldehyde [CH ₃ CHO], which are typical odor components, are oxidized as shown below. By the decomposition reaction, it can be changed to an odorless substance or a substance with weak odor.
[0013]
H ₂ S + O ₃ → SO ₂ + H ₂ 0
CH ₃ SH + O ₃ → CH ₃ OH + S 0 ₂
3 (CH ₃ ) ₃ N + 11O ₃ → 3CH ₃ NO ₂ + 6CO ₂ + 9H ₂ O
Or 6 (CH ₃ ) ₃ N + 25O ₃ → 6NO ₂ + 18CO ₂ + 27H ₂ O
3CH ₃ CHO + 5O ₃ → 6CO ₂ + 6H ₂ O
Furthermore, since the odor, ammonia, etc. remaining without being oxidatively decomposed are removed by the action of the adsorbent, complete deodorization is possible. At the same time, undecomposed ozone is also adsorbed and removed, so that ozone does not leak to the outside, and the installation location and usable time zone are not limited.
[0014]
In addition, since the deodorization is mainly performed by the oxidative decomposition action of ozone, the burden on the adsorbent is small and the replacement may not be performed frequently. Therefore, the labor required for maintenance is minimal, and the running cost can be reduced.
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A deodorizing apparatus according to the present invention includes a gas suction means for sucking a gas containing an odor, an ozone supply means for supplying ozone to a gas containing an odor sucked by the action of the gas suction means, and the ozone supply means The ozone dispersion means for mixing and dispersing ozone in the gas containing odorous components provided on the downstream side, and the ozone mixed and dispersed in the gas containing odorous components provided on the downstream side of the ozone dispersion means And an adsorption means provided on the downstream side of the ozonolysis means. The deodorizing method of the present invention includes a gas suction step for sucking a gas containing an odorous component, an ozone supply step for supplying ozone to the gas containing the sucked odorous component, and a mixture of ozone and the gas containing the odorous component. An ozone dispersing step for dispersing, an ozone decomposing step for decomposing ozone mixed and dispersed in a gas containing odor, an oxidation step for oxidizing the odor contained in the gas by oxygen generated by decomposing ozone, An adsorption process for adsorbing and removing residual odors and undecomposed ozone contained in the gas treated in the oxidation process.
[0016]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to FIGS. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of the deodorizing apparatus, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the deodorizing apparatus, FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view showing the structure of the ozone supply section, and FIGS. 4 and 5 constitute an ozone dispersion section. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a state when gas passes through the dispersion screen. The deodorizing apparatus of this embodiment generally includes a gas suction port A, an ozone supply unit B, an ozone dispersion unit C, an ozone decomposition unit D, a gas suction unit E, and an adsorption unit F. Hereinafter, these components will be described in order.
[0017]
The gas suction port A is provided at the upper end of the case 1. That is, a cutout is formed on the side surface of the case 1, and the mesh plate 2 is attached to the cutout portion. The gas containing odor is sucked into the case 1 through the mesh plate 2 by the action of the gas suction part E described in detail later.
The ozone supply part B is composed of an ozone supply pipe 3, most of which is housed in the case 1, and an ozone generator 5 connected to the ozone supply pipe 3 via a conduit 4. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the ozone supply pipe 3 is branched into a trifurcated shape, and a plurality of through holes 6 for ejecting ozone are formed on the peripheral surface thereof. In the ozone supply pipe 3, the part in which the through hole 6 is formed is accommodated in the case 1.
[0018]
The through-hole 6 exists on the lateral side surface of the ozone supply pipe 3, that is, at the 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock positions in the annular cross section of the ozone supply pipe 3. As a result, ozone is ejected in the horizontal direction, in other words, perpendicular to the flow direction of the gas containing odor.
In the present embodiment, ozone is blown out uniformly from all the through holes 6 by appropriately setting the interval and diameter of the through holes 6.
[0019]
The ozone dispersion part C includes a plurality of diffusion screens 7 (perforated plates) stacked in the vertical direction along the flow direction of the gas containing odor, and a shaft that supports the diffusion screens 7 at a predetermined height in the case 1. It consists of eight.
The diffusing screen 7 is formed by cutting a stainless plate at predetermined intervals and extending it, and has a structure similar to expanded metal. However, the raised portion forming a predetermined angle with respect to the gas flow direction, that is, the angle of the fin 7a is about 45 °. The hole 7b is formed in the vicinity of the fin 7a.
[0020]
The diffusion screen 7 includes a type shown in FIG. 4 and a type shown in FIG. In this embodiment, these are alternately overlapped. By the way, when passing through one diffusion screen 7, the gas collides with the fins 7a as shown in FIG. Since the ozone dispersion part C is configured by laminating a plurality of diffusion screens 7 having such functions, the gas passing there repeatedly collides with the fins 7a, and the course thereof is complicatedly changed. For this reason, ozone is mixed and dispersed efficiently.
[0021]
In addition, although the dispersion efficiency improves as the number of diffusion screens 7 increases, conversely the pressure loss increases and the passage of gas becomes worse. For this reason, in the present embodiment, the number of diffusion screens 7 is ten.
The ozonolysis section D has an ozone decomposition catalyst 9 provided in two upper and lower stages in a direction perpendicular to the gas flow direction, a net body 10 on which the ozone decomposition catalyst 9 is placed, and the net body 10 as a case. 1 and a shaft 11 that supports a predetermined height. In the present embodiment, a honeycomb-shaped ozone decomposition catalyst is used, but a granular one may be used instead.
[0022]
The capacity of the ozonolysis catalyst 9 is an SV value with respect to the odor content and is 10,000 to 30,000 hr ⁻¹ . The flow rate when the gas passes through the ozone decomposition catalyst 9 was set to about 0.5 to 3.0 m / sec.
The case 1 can be divided into three parts so that the ozone decomposition catalyst 9 can be easily replaced and maintained. That is, the case 1 is separated vertically from the flange portion 12 by removing the connecting bolt.
[0023]
The gas suction unit E includes a blower 13 and a damper 14 provided immediately before the blower 13. In this gas suction part E, the amount of gas suction can be adjusted by changing the angle of the rotating plate 14a inside the damper 14.
The adsorbing part F includes a case 17 having a double cylinder structure including an outer cylinder 15 and an inner cylinder 16 and an adsorbent 18 filled in the case 17. The adsorption part F is connected to the gas suction part E by a conduit 19, and the gas discharged from the gas suction part E is sent into the internal space of the inner cylinder 16 through the conduit 19.
[0024]
The adsorbent 18 is closely packed between the top plate 20 and the bottom plate 21 of the outer cylinder 15 and between the top plate 20 of the outer cylinder 15 and the top plate 22 of the inner cylinder 16. In addition, granular activated carbon is preferable as the adsorbent, and iodine-impregnated carbon is used in this embodiment. However, besides this, alkali-impregnated carbon, acid-impregnated carbon, zeolite, protein, and the like can be used alone or mixed at a predetermined ratio.
[0025]
The top plate 20 of the outer cylinder 15 is detachable and is removed when the adsorbent 18 is filled. The bottom plate 21 of the outer cylinder 15 is provided with a valve 23 for discharging the adsorbent. When the adsorbent is replaced, the valve 23 is opened, and the adsorbent 18 in the case 17 is discharged from the opening of the valve 23 through the conduit 24.
The peripheral surface portions of the outer cylinder 15 and the inner cylinder 16 are made of a mesh plate. Accordingly, the gas fed into the inner space of the inner cylinder 16 through the conduit 19 enters the adsorbent 18 layer from the peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 16 and is subjected to an adsorption treatment there, and then the circumference of the outer cylinder 15. Discharged from the surface.
[0026]
A plurality of rings 25 are provided in the inner cylinder 16 along the vertical direction. The ring 25 serves to evenly distribute the gas sent from the gas suction part E. For this reason, a ring having a smaller inner diameter is arranged on the upper side, that is, on the downstream side.
By the way, the gas flow velocity U ₁ in the vicinity of the inner cylinder 16 and the gas flow velocity U ₂ in the vicinity of the outer cylinder 15 are expressed as follows.
[0027]
U ₁ = Q / (π · R ₁ · H ₁ )
U ₂ = Q / (π · R ₂ · H ₂ )
Where Q is the gas flow rate, R ₁ is the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 16, R ₂ is the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 15, H ₁ is the height of the inner cylinder 16, and H ₂ is the height of the outer cylinder 15.
In the present embodiment, the flow velocity U ₁ and the flow velocity U ₂ are each in the range of 0.05 to 0.5 m / sec.
[0028]
The layer thickness T of the adsorbent 18 is expressed as follows.
T = (R ₂ −R ₁ ) / 2
In the present embodiment, the layer thickness T is in the range of 0.05 to 0.5 m.
In addition, the weight W of the adsorbent 18 filled in the case 17 is expressed as follows, where the bulk specific gravity is e.
[0029]
W = π · e · [(R ₂ ² −R ₁ ² ) · H ₁ + R ₂ ² · (H ₂ −H ₁ )] / 4
Further, the pressure loss Δp of the gas generated by passing through the adsorbent 18 is expressed as follows.
Δp = Σ (k · U _i ² · ΔT)
However, U _i is a flow velocity when the gas passes through the adsorbent existing at a certain position, ΔT is an average layer thickness of the adsorbent when viewed microscopically, and k is a coefficient.
[0030]
The capacity of the adsorbing portion F, that is, the outer diameter R ₁ of the inner cylinder 16, the inner diameter R _{2 of} the outer cylinder 15, the height H ₁ of the inner cylinder 16, and the height H ₂ of the outer cylinder 15 is determined by the required adsorbent 18. It is determined in consideration of the weight W, the layer thickness T of the adsorbent 18 and the pressure loss Δp.
In the apparatus having the above-described configuration, the gas containing odor is deodorized as follows.
First, the gas containing the odor component sucked from the gas suction port A passes through the ozone supply unit B. At this time, ozone is sprayed from the ozone supply pipe 3 to the gas.
[0031]
The gas containing ozone is then sent to the ozone dispersion part C. Here, the path of the gas is complicatedly changed while passing through the laminated dispersion screens 7. Thereby, ozone is uniformly mixed and dispersed in the gas containing odor.
The gas in which ozone is uniformly mixed and dispersed is then sent to the ozone decomposition unit D. Here, ozone is first decomposed by the action of the ozone decomposition catalyst 9 to generate oxygen atoms. The odor component is oxidized by the action of oxygen atoms having a high reactivity. As a result, the odor content changes to an odorless substance or a substance with a weak odor.
[0032]
The gas subjected to such treatment is sent to the adsorption unit F through the gas suction unit E. In this adsorption part F, undecomposed ozone, unoxidized odor, ammonia that is not decomposed by ozone, and the like are removed. Then, the completely deodorized gas is discharged.
As described above, in the deodorizing apparatus of the present invention, most of the odor is decomposed by the action of ozone, and the remaining odor and ammonia remaining without being oxidatively decomposed are removed by the action of the adsorbent. Complete deodorization is possible. At the same time, undecomposed ozone is removed, so that ozone does not leak out, and the installation location and usable time zone are not limited. In particular, since the deodorization mainly depends on the oxidative decomposition action of ozone, the burden on the adsorbent is small and the replacement may not be performed frequently. Therefore, the labor required for maintenance is light and the running cost can be reduced.
[0033]
【Example】
The deodorizing apparatus was installed in a medical waste temporary storage and allowed to function for a certain period of time, thereby examining how much the interior was deodorized. The results are shown in Table-1. However, the conditions are as follows.
Internal volume of medical waste temporary storage 14.6m ³
Volume of medical waste 5.5m ³
Gas processing speed of deodorizer 1.5m ³ / min
Ozone generation amount 1.2g / hr
Ozone concentration (immediately before the ozone decomposition unit) 6.6ppm
Ozone decomposition catalyst SV value 20000 hr ^-1
1.1m / sec flow rate when gas passes through ozone decomposition catalyst
Type of adsorbent Filling weight of iodine adsorbed carbon adsorbent 14kg
Gas flow rate in the vicinity of the inner cylinder in the adsorption part 0.27m / sec
Gas flow rate near the outer cylinder in the adsorption section 0.08m / sec
Table-1
Deodorization time (min) 0 68 145 205 265 335
Odor concentration 1303 41 55 41 73 41
The average odor concentration from lapse of 68 minutes after the start of deodorization to 335 minutes is 50. The odor concentration just before the start of deodorization is 1303. Therefore, the deodorizing efficiency α was as extremely high as 96.2% as given by the following equation.
[0034]

[0035]
【The invention's effect】
The deodorizing process is reliable and the running cost is low, and further, the installation place and the usable time zone are not limited.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of a deodorizing apparatus. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the deodorizing apparatus. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an ozone supply section. FIG. 5 is a plan view of a dispersion screen that constitutes an ozone dispersion unit. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing how gas passes through the dispersion screen.
A Gas suction port B Ozone supply part C Ozone dispersion part D Ozone decomposition part E Gas suction part F Adsorption part 1 Case 3 Ozone supply pipe 5 Ozone generator 7 Dispersion screen (perforated plate)
7a Fin 7b Hole 9 Ozone decomposition catalyst 10 Net body 13 Blower 14 Damper 15 Outer cylinder 16 Inner cylinder 17 Case 18 Adsorbent

Claims (9)

Gas suction means for sucking gas containing odor,
Ozone supply means for supplying ozone to gas containing odors sucked by the action of the gas suction means;
Ozone dispersion means for mixing and dispersing ozone in gas containing odor provided downstream of the ozone supply means;
Ozone decomposing means for decomposing ozone mixed and dispersed in a gas containing odorous components provided downstream of the ozone dispersing means;
A deodorizing device comprising an adsorption means provided on the downstream side of the ozonolysis means ,
The deodorizing apparatus , wherein the ozone dispersing means is a laminate of a plurality of perforated plates each having a rising portion formed around a hole . The ozone supply means has an ozone generation means and a tube having a proximal end connected to the ozone generation means,
The tubular body has a plurality of through holes formed on a peripheral surface thereof, and is provided so that a portion where the through holes are formed is present in a gas flow path containing an odor component. The deodorizing apparatus according to claim 1.   3. The deodorizing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the through hole is formed so that ozone from the ozone generating means is blown out in a direction orthogonal to a flow direction of the gas containing odor. The ozone dispersing means in which a plurality of perforated plates each having a rising portion around the hole are laminated is configured such that when the gas passes through the holes of the porous plate, the gas collides with the rising portion and the ozone in the gas is reduced. The deodorizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the deodorizing apparatus is configured to be mixed and dispersed in a gas containing an odor component. The ozonolysis means has a network provided so as to be orthogonal to the gas flow direction, and an ozone decomposition catalyst provided on the network.
The deodorizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein an odor component contained in the gas is oxidized by the action of oxygen generated from ozone by the action of the ozone decomposition catalyst . The adsorbing means has a double cylindrical container and an adsorbent filled between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder of the container,
The gas processed by the ozonolysis means supplied to the inner space of the inner cylinder is discharged from the surface of the outer cylinder through the adsorbent layer. Item 5. The deodorizing apparatus according to any one of items 5. The gas suction means is provided between the ozonolysis means and the adsorption means,
The deodorizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the sucked gas is supplied to the adsorption unit . A gas suction step for sucking gas containing odor,
An ozone supply step of supplying ozone to the gas containing the sucked odor,
Through the ozone supply step, a gas containing ozone and odor is raised around the hole and passed through a laminate in which a plurality of porous plates each having a raised portion are laminated, and the holes of the porous plate in the laminate are passed through the gas. An ozone dispersion step in which when the gas passes, the gas collides with the rising part and mixes and disperses ozone in the gas in the gas containing the odor.
An ozone decomposing step of decomposing ozone in the gas obtained by mixing and dispersing ozone in the gas containing odor through the ozone dispersing step;
An oxidation step of oxidizing the odor contained in the gas by oxygen generated by the ozonolysis step;
Adsorption process for adsorbing and removing residual odor and undecomposed ozone contained in the gas treated in the oxidation process
And a deodorizing method . 9. The deodorizing method according to claim 8, wherein ozone is supplied so that an ozone concentration immediately before the ozonolysis step is 1 to 50 ppm .

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