JP3970904B2 - Molded product using plant waste and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Molded product using plant waste and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP3970904B2 JP3970904B2 JP2005515205A JP2005515205A JP3970904B2 JP 3970904 B2 JP3970904 B2 JP 3970904B2 JP 2005515205 A JP2005515205 A JP 2005515205A JP 2005515205 A JP2005515205 A JP 2005515205A JP 3970904 B2 JP3970904 B2 JP 3970904B2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/003—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/26—Scrap or recycled material
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Description
本発明は、植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂のみから本質的になる成形品、及びその製造方法に関する。特に、本発明は、有機溶媒フリー、ホルムアルデヒドフリーの植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂のみから本質的になる成形品、及びその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a molded article consisting essentially of plant waste and a thermoplastic resin, and a method for producing the same. In particular, the present invention relates to a molded article consisting essentially of organic solvent-free, formaldehyde-free plant waste and a thermoplastic resin, and a method for producing the same.
建築廃材を再資源化する手法が、リサイクル及び環境保護の観点から、近年行われている。例えば、ＷＯ９４／２０２８０号公報は、セルロース素材からなる粉砕粉を磨砕処理して得た固定粒などと樹脂などとを混合した後、溶融し押出成形又は射出成形して、所望の成形品を得る方法を開示している。また、特開平１１−１５６８５３号公報は、廃棄プラスチックと木屑等を破砕及び粉砕して混合し、加熱流動させて押出成形又は射出成形する方法を開示している。 In recent years, methods for recycling building waste have been used from the viewpoint of recycling and environmental protection. For example, in WO94 / 20280, a fixed particle obtained by grinding a pulverized powder made of a cellulose material and a resin are mixed, and then melted, extruded, or injection molded to obtain a desired molded product. A method of obtaining is disclosed. Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 11-156853 discloses a method of crushing and crushing waste plastic and wood chips, mixing them, heating and flowing them, and extruding or injection molding.
しかしながら、上記の方法は、樹脂を溶融状態とするための設備・エネルギーが必要であり、コストがかかるという問題点を有している。また、上記の方法は、粉砕処理や磨砕処理、押出成形又は射出成形のための設備が必要であり、その面でのコストがかかるという問題点を有している。
そこで、本発明の目的は、上記の従来の問題点を解決することにある。
即ち、本発明の目的は、コストを抑えて、成形品、特に植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂のみから本質的になる成形品を製造する方法を提供することにある。
また、本発明の目的は、上記目的に加えて、有機溶媒フリー、特にホルムアルデヒドフリーの植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂のみから本質的になる成形品を提供することにある。Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-described conventional problems.
That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a molded article, particularly a molded article consisting essentially of plant waste and a thermoplastic resin, at a reduced cost.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a molded article consisting essentially of organic solvent-free, particularly formaldehyde-free plant waste and thermoplastic resin, in addition to the above-mentioned object.
本発明者らは、以下の発明により、上記課題を解決できることを見出した。
＜１＞ 植物廃棄物の絶乾重量１００重量部に対して水分２０〜５０重量部、好ましくは３０〜４８重量部、より好ましくは３５〜４５重量部の割合で植物廃棄物を水分で濡らす工程；水分で濡れた植物廃棄物に、粒径１〜１５００μｍの微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂を加え、植物廃棄物の表面上に微粉末熱可塑性樹脂を分散させる分散工程；得られた微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂を表面に有する植物廃棄物を開放型ホットプレス機により熱圧して、所望形状の成形品を得る工程を有する、植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂のみから本質的になる成形品の製造方法。
＜２＞ 上記＜１＞の分散工程において、植物廃棄物と微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂とは、双方を合わせて１００重量％であるとき、植物廃棄物が６０重量％以上、好ましくは７０〜９０重量％、より好ましくは７５〜８５重量％であり、微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂が０重量％を超えて４０重量％以下、好ましくは１０〜３０重量％、より好ましくは１５〜２５重量％であるのがよい。The present inventors have found that the above-described problems can be solved by the following invention.
<1> A step of wetting plant waste with water at a ratio of 20 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 48 parts by weight, more preferably 35 to 45 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the dry weight of the plant waste A dispersion step of adding a finely powdered thermoplastic resin having a particle size of 1 to 1500 μm to the wet plant waste and dispersing the finely divided thermoplastic resin on the surface of the plant waste; A method for producing a molded product consisting essentially of plant waste and a thermoplastic resin, comprising a step of heat-pressing a plant waste having a plastic resin on the surface thereof with an open hot press to obtain a molded product having a desired shape.
<2> In the dispersion step of the above <1>, when the plant waste and the fine powder thermoplastic resin are both 100% by weight, the plant waste is 60% by weight or more, preferably 70 to 90%. % By weight, more preferably 75 to 85% by weight, and fine powdery thermoplastic resin is more than 0% by weight and 40% by weight or less, preferably 10 to 30% by weight, more preferably 15 to 25% by weight. It is good.
＜３＞ 上記＜１＞又は＜２＞において、熱圧工程が、温度：１８０℃以下、好ましくは７５〜１８０℃で行うのがよい。なお、微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂がポリオレフィン系樹脂である場合、熱圧工程は、１４０〜１８０℃であるのが好ましく、より好ましくは１４０〜１６０℃で行うのがよい。また、上記＜１＞又は＜２＞において、熱圧工程は、用いる微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂の融点（ｍｐ）よりも高く、ｍｐ＋３０℃よりも低い温度、好ましくはｍｐ＋１０〜ｍｐ＋２０℃で行うのがよい。
＜４＞ 上記＜１＞〜＜３＞のいずれかにおいて、微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリオレフィン類、ポリエステル類、及びエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも１種であるのがよい。<3> In the above item <1> or <2>, the hot pressing step may be performed at a temperature of 180 ° C. or less, preferably 75 to 180 ° C. When the fine powder thermoplastic resin is a polyolefin resin, the hot pressing step is preferably 140 to 180 ° C, more preferably 140 to 160 ° C. In the above <1> or <2>, the hot pressing step is performed at a temperature higher than the melting point (mp) of the fine powdered thermoplastic resin to be used and lower than mp + 30 ° C., preferably mp + 10 to mp + 20 ° C. Good.
<4> In any one of the above items <1> to <3>, the finely powdered thermoplastic resin is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polyesters, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers. Is good.
＜５＞ 上記＜１＞〜＜３＞のいずれかにおいて、微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂が、生分解性ポリマーを有するのがよい。
＜６＞ 上記＜１＞〜＜５＞のいずれかにおいて、微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂は、その粒径が１〜６００μｍ、好ましくは６０〜２００μｍであるのがよい。<5> In any one of the above items <1> to <3>, the finely powdered thermoplastic resin may have a biodegradable polymer.
<6> In any one of the above items <1> to <5>, the fine powdery thermoplastic resin may have a particle size of 1 to 600 μm, preferably 60 to 200 μm.
＜７＞ 上記＜１＞〜＜６＞のいずれかにおいて、水分で濡らす工程における水分が、分散剤、発泡剤、酸化防止剤、及び／又は着色剤を含有するのがよい。
＜８＞ 上記＜１＞〜＜７＞のいずれかの分散工程において、分散剤、発泡剤、酸化防止剤、及び／又は着色剤を分散させるのがよい。
＜９＞ 上記＜１＞〜＜８＞のいずれかにおいて、成形品が、分散剤、発泡剤、酸化防止剤、及び／又は着色剤を含んでなるのがよい。<7> In any one of the above items <1> to <6>, the water in the step of wetting with water may contain a dispersant, a foaming agent, an antioxidant, and / or a colorant.
<8> In the dispersion step according to any one of the above items <1> to <7>, a dispersant, a foaming agent, an antioxidant, and / or a colorant may be dispersed.
<9> In any one of the above items <1> to <8>, the molded article may contain a dispersant, a foaming agent, an antioxidant, and / or a colorant.
＜１０＞ 上記＜１＞〜＜９＞のいずれかにおいて、植物廃棄物が、植物性繊維、特に可撓性の植物性繊維を有する植物廃棄物であるのがよい。
＜１１＞ 上記＜１＞〜＜１０＞のいずれかにおいて、植物廃棄物が、飲食物用植物の非飲食用部、木材の非利用部であるのがよい。
＜１２＞ 上記＜１＞〜＜１１＞のいずれかにおいて、植物廃棄物が、もみがら、木の皮、稲わら、木材チップ及び枝葉、鋸屑、並びに鉋屑からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも１種であるのがよい。<10> In any one of the above items <1> to <9>, the plant waste may be a plant waste having a vegetable fiber, particularly a flexible plant fiber.
<11> In any one of the above items <1> to <10>, the plant waste may be a non-food part of a plant for food or drink and a non-use part of wood.
<12> In any one of the above items <1> to <11>, the plant waste is at least one selected from the group consisting of rice husk, bark, rice straw, wood chips and branches and leaves, sawdust, and sawdust. There should be.
＜１３＞ 植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂のみから本質的になる成形品であって、該成形品は、成形品１００重量％中、植物廃棄物を６０重量％以上、好ましくは７０〜９０重量％、より好ましくは７５〜８５重量％有し、且つ熱可塑性樹脂を０重量％を超えて４０重量％以下、好ましくは１０〜３０重量％、より好ましくは１５〜２５重量％有する、上記成形品。
＜１４＞ 上記＜１３＞において、熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリオレフィン類、ポリエステル類、及びエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも１種であるのがよい。
＜１５＞ 上記＜１３＞において、熱可塑性樹脂が、生分解性ポリマーを有するのがよい。<13> A molded article consisting essentially of plant waste and a thermoplastic resin, wherein the molded article comprises 60% by weight or more, preferably 70 to 90% by weight of plant waste in 100% by weight of the molded product. More preferably, the molded article has 75 to 85% by weight, and has a thermoplastic resin of more than 0% by weight and 40% by weight or less, preferably 10 to 30% by weight, more preferably 15 to 25% by weight.
<14> In the above item <13>, the thermoplastic resin may be at least one selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polyesters, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers.
<15> In the above item <13>, the thermoplastic resin may have a biodegradable polymer.
＜１６＞ 上記＜１３＞〜＜１５＞のいずれかにおいて、植物廃棄物が、植物性繊維、特に可撓性の植物性繊維を有する植物廃棄物であるのがよい。
＜１７＞ 上記＜１３＞〜＜１６＞のいずれかにおいて、植物廃棄物が、飲食物用植物の非飲食用部、木材の非利用部であるのがよい。
＜１８＞ 上記＜１３＞〜＜１７＞のいずれかにおいて、植物廃棄物が、もみがら、木の皮、稲わら、木材チップ及び枝葉、鋸屑、並びに鉋屑からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも１種であるのがよい。
＜１９＞ 上記＜１３＞〜＜１８＞のいずれかにおいて、成形品は、所望により、分散剤、発泡剤、酸化防止剤、及び／又は着色剤を含むのがよい。<16> In any one of the above items <13> to <15>, the plant waste may be a plant waste having a vegetable fiber, particularly a flexible plant fiber.
<17> In any one of the above items <13> to <16>, the plant waste may be a non-food part of a plant for food or drink and a non-use part of wood.
<18> In any one of the above items <13> to <17>, the plant waste is at least one selected from the group consisting of rice husk, bark, rice straw, wood chips and branches, sawdust, and sawdust. There should be.
<19> In any one of the above items <13> to <18>, the molded article may contain a dispersant, a foaming agent, an antioxidant, and / or a colorant as desired.
＜２０＞ 植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂のみから本質的になる成形品であって、該成形品は、植物廃棄物の絶乾重量１００重量部に対して水分２０〜５０重量部、好ましくは３０〜４８重量部、より好ましくは３５〜４５重量部の割合で前記植物廃棄物を水分で濡らし、得られた、水分で濡れた植物廃棄物に、粒径１〜１５００μｍ、好ましくは１〜６００μｍ、より好ましくは６０〜２００μｍの微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂を加え、植物廃棄物の表面上に前記微粉末熱可塑性樹脂を分散させ、得られた、微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂を表面に有する植物廃棄物を、開放型ホットプレス機により熱圧して、所望形状とすることにより得られる、上記成形品。 <20> A molded product consisting essentially of plant waste and a thermoplastic resin, the molded product having a water content of 20 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 30 parts per 100 parts by weight of the plant waste. -48 parts by weight, more preferably 35-45 parts by weight of the plant waste with water, and the resulting wet plant waste has a particle size of 1-1500 μm, preferably 1-600 μm, More preferably, 60-200 μm fine powder thermoplastic resin is added, and the fine powder thermoplastic resin is dispersed on the surface of the plant waste, and the resulting plant waste has the fine powder thermoplastic resin on the surface. The above-mentioned molded product obtained by heat-pressing with an open hot press to obtain a desired shape.
＜２１＞ 上記＜２０＞において、成形品は、成形品１００重量％中、植物廃棄物を６０重量％以上、好ましくは７０〜９０重量％、より好ましくは７５〜８５重量％有し、微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂が０重量％を超えて４０重量％以下、好ましくは１０〜３０重量％、より好ましくは１５〜２５重量％有するのがよい。
＜２２＞ 上記＜２０＞又は＜２１＞において、熱可塑性樹脂が、ポリオレフィン、ポリエステル、及びエチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも１種であるのがよい。<21> In the above item <20>, the molded product has 60% or more, preferably 70 to 90% by weight, more preferably 75 to 85% by weight of plant waste in 100% by weight of the molded product. The thermoplastic resin should have more than 0% by weight and 40% by weight or less, preferably 10 to 30% by weight, more preferably 15 to 25% by weight.
<22> In the above <20> or <21>, the thermoplastic resin may be at least one selected from the group consisting of polyolefin, polyester, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.
＜２３＞ 上記＜２０＞又は＜２１＞において、熱可塑性樹脂が、生分解性ポリマーを有するのがよい。
＜２４＞ 上記＜２０＞〜＜２３＞のいずれかにおいて、植物廃棄物が、植物性繊維、特に可撓性の植物性繊維を有する植物廃棄物であるのがよい。
＜２５＞ 上記＜２０＞〜＜２４＞のいずれかにおいて、植物廃棄物が、飲食物用植物の非飲食用部、木材の非利用部であるのがよい。
＜２６＞ 上記＜２０＞〜＜２５＞のいずれかにおいて、植物廃棄物が、もみがら、木の皮、稲わら、木材チップ及び枝葉、鋸屑、並びに鉋屑からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも１種であるのがよい。
＜２７＞ 上記＜２０＞〜＜２６＞のいずれかにおいて、成形品は、所望により、分散剤、発泡剤、酸化防止剤、及び／又は着色剤を含むのがよい。<23> In the above <20> or <21>, the thermoplastic resin may have a biodegradable polymer.
<24> In any one of the above items <20> to <23>, the plant waste may be a plant waste having a vegetable fiber, particularly a flexible plant fiber.
<25> In any one of the above items <20> to <24>, the plant waste may be a non-food part of a food plant or a non-use part of wood.
<26> In any one of the above items <20> to <25>, the plant waste may be at least one selected from the group consisting of rice husk, bark, rice straw, wood chips and branches, sawdust, and sawdust. There should be.
<27> In any one of the above items <20> to <26>, the molded article may contain a dispersant, a foaming agent, an antioxidant, and / or a colorant as desired.
即ち、本発明により、コストを抑えて、成形品、特に植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂のみから本質的になる成形品を製造する方法を提供することができる。
また、本発明により、上記効果に加えて、有機溶媒フリー、特にホルムアルデヒドフリーの植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂のみから本質的になる成形品を提供することができる。That is, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a method for manufacturing a molded article, particularly a molded article consisting essentially of plant waste and a thermoplastic resin, at a reduced cost.
Further, according to the present invention, in addition to the above effects, it is possible to provide a molded article consisting essentially of an organic solvent-free, particularly formaldehyde-free plant waste and a thermoplastic resin.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明は、植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂のみから本質的になる成形品の製造方法を提供する。
本発明の方法は、植物廃棄物の絶乾重量１００重量部に対して水分２０〜５０重量部の割合で前記植物廃棄物を水分で濡らす工程；水分で濡れた植物廃棄物に、粒径１〜１５００μｍの微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂を加え、植物廃棄物の表面上に微粉末熱可塑性樹脂を分散させる分散工程；得られた微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂を表面に有する植物廃棄物を開放型ホットプレス機により熱圧して、所望形状の成形品を得る工程を有する。Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The present invention provides a method for producing a molded article consisting essentially of plant waste and a thermoplastic resin.
The method of the present invention comprises a step of wetting the plant waste with water at a ratio of 20 to 50 parts by weight of water with respect to 100 parts by weight of the absolute dry weight of the plant waste; Dispersing step of adding ˜1500 μm fine powdered thermoplastic resin to disperse fine powdered thermoplastic resin on the surface of the plant waste; open and hot plant waste having the obtained fine powdered thermoplastic resin on the surface A step of obtaining a molded product having a desired shape by hot pressing with a press.
本発明の方法は、植物廃棄物の絶乾重量１００重量部に対して水２０〜５０重量部の割合で前記植物廃棄物を水分で濡らす工程に付される。
植物廃棄物を水分で濡らすことにより、植物廃棄物の表面に水の膜が形成される。この水の膜が、後に混合・分散される微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂を植物廃棄物の表面に均等にまぶす作用を奏するものと考えられる。The method of the present invention is subjected to a step of wetting the plant waste with water at a ratio of 20 to 50 parts by weight of water to 100 parts by weight of the dry weight of the plant waste.
By wetting the plant waste with moisture, a film of water is formed on the surface of the plant waste. It is considered that this water film has an effect of evenly spraying the surface of the plant waste with the fine powdered thermoplastic resin mixed and dispersed later.
本工程において、水分は、水から本質的になる。水分には、後述の各種添加剤を含有してもよい。
植物廃棄物と水分との割合は、植物廃棄物の絶乾重量１００重量部に対して水分２０〜５０重量部、好ましくは３０〜４８重量部、より好ましくは３５〜４５重量部であるのがよい。In this step, the water essentially consists of water. The moisture may contain various additives described later.
The ratio of the plant waste to the moisture is 20 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 48 parts by weight, more preferably 35 to 45 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the dry weight of the plant waste. Good.
本発明に用いられる植物廃棄物は、植物由来であり廃棄されるものであり、具体的には、飲食物用植物の非飲食用部（例えば、日本茶、紅茶、中国茶などの各種の茶の出がらし；もみがら、そばがらなどの穀物のから；トウモロコシの茎；サトウキビの絞り滓など）、木材の非利用部（木材チップ、鉋屑、鋸屑など）、などを挙げることができる。また、本発明に用いられる植物廃棄物は、植物系繊維、特に可撓性植物繊維である。本発明に用いられる植物廃棄物として、より具体的には、既述したものもあるが、もみがら、麦藁、トウモロコシの茎、各種木材の皮、稲わら、木材チップ及び枝葉、鋸屑、並びに鉋屑などを挙げることができるが、これらに限定されない。 The plant waste used in the present invention is derived from a plant and discarded, and specifically, non-food parts of food and drink plants (for example, various types of tea such as Japanese tea, black tea, and Chinese tea). Corn stalks; sugarcane squeezed rice cakes, etc.), non-use parts of wood (wood chips, sawdust, sawdust, etc.). The plant waste used in the present invention is a plant fiber, particularly a flexible plant fiber. More specific examples of the plant waste used in the present invention include those already described, but rice husk, wheat straw, corn stalk, various timber bark, rice straw, wood chips and branches, sawdust, and sawdust. However, it is not limited to these.
なお、植物廃棄物と混合する水分は、分散剤、水溶性の着色剤（例えば顔料）、発泡剤、酸化防止剤等の各種添加剤を添加することができる。このような各種添加剤を添加することにより、本発明によって得られる成形品の性状を変化させることができる。例えば、着色剤を含ませることにより、成形品を所望の色に着色することができる。 Note that various additives such as a dispersant, a water-soluble colorant (for example, a pigment), a foaming agent, and an antioxidant can be added to the water mixed with the plant waste. By adding such various additives, the properties of the molded product obtained by the present invention can be changed. For example, a molded product can be colored in a desired color by including a colorant.
次いで本発明は、水分で濡れた植物廃棄物に、粒径１〜１５００μｍの微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂を加え、植物廃棄物の表面上に微粉末熱可塑性樹脂を分散させる分散工程に付される。
本発明に用いられる植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂の比重について、一般に、植物廃棄物の比重が相対的に軽く、熱可塑性樹脂の比重が相対的に重い。したがって、植物廃棄物と熱可塑性樹脂とをそのままの状態で混合しても均一に混合することができない。しかしながら、上述のように、植物廃棄物の表面に水の膜が形成されていることにより、植物廃棄物の表面に微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂が均等にまぶされるか又は分散されるものと考えられる。
微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂は、その粒径が粒径１〜１５００μｍ、好ましくは１〜６００μｍ、より好ましくは６０〜２００μｍであるのがよい。Next, the present invention is subjected to a dispersion step of adding a finely powdered thermoplastic resin having a particle size of 1 to 1500 μm to a plant waste wet with water and dispersing the finely powdered thermoplastic resin on the surface of the plant waste. .
Regarding the specific gravity of the plant waste and the thermoplastic resin used in the present invention, generally, the specific gravity of the plant waste is relatively light and the specific gravity of the thermoplastic resin is relatively heavy. Accordingly, even if the plant waste and the thermoplastic resin are mixed as they are, they cannot be mixed uniformly. However, as described above, the formation of a water film on the surface of the plant waste is considered to cause the fine powdered thermoplastic resin to be evenly dispersed or dispersed on the surface of the plant waste. .
The fine powdery thermoplastic resin may have a particle size of 1 to 1500 μm, preferably 1 to 600 μm, more preferably 60 to 200 μm.
また、微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂の量は、植物廃棄物の絶乾重量との合計を１００重量％とした場合、植物廃棄物を６０重量％以上、好ましくは７０〜９０重量％、より好ましくは７５〜８５重量％であるのがよい。即ち、微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂は、０重量％を超えて４０重量％以下、好ましくは１０〜３０重量％、より好ましくは１５〜２５重量％であるのがよい。 Further, the amount of the fine powdered thermoplastic resin is 60% by weight or more, preferably 70 to 90% by weight, more preferably 70% by weight or more when the total with the absolute dry weight of the plant waste is 100% by weight. It should be 75 to 85% by weight. That is, the fine-powdered thermoplastic resin should be more than 0% by weight and 40% by weight or less, preferably 10-30% by weight, more preferably 15-25% by weight.
なお、上述のように、微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂は、植物廃棄物の表面に均等にまぶされるか又は分散されるものと考えられる。したがって、樹脂が植物廃棄物の表面に均等分散しているため、微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂の量が相対的に少量であっても、植物性廃棄物同士を結着させ、成形品を得られるものと考えられる。 As described above, the finely powdered thermoplastic resin is considered to be evenly dispersed or dispersed on the surface of the plant waste. Accordingly, since the resin is evenly dispersed on the surface of the plant waste, even if the amount of the fine powder thermoplastic resin is relatively small, the plant waste can be bound to each other to obtain a molded product. It is considered a thing.
熱可塑性樹脂は、熱可塑性を有する樹脂であれば特に限定されないが、好ましくはポリオレフィン類、ポリエステル類、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体であるのがよい。また、熱可塑性樹脂が生分解性ポリマーを有するものであれば、成形品の全てが生分解性となる点から好ましい。生分解性ポリマーとして、ポリ乳酸とその他の樹脂との混合物又は共重合体を挙げることができる。熱可塑性樹脂は、成形品に求められる特性、成形品を得るまでの工程に要求される特性に依存して選択することができる。例えば、廃棄の際に窒素酸化物の発生を抑制できる点において、熱可塑性樹脂は、窒素が含まれていない樹脂であるのがよく、例えばポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレートなどであるのがよい。また、熱圧工程において比較的低温で行うことができる点において、熱可塑性樹脂は、ポリアミド系樹脂（ポリアミドのホモポリマー、二元を含む多元コポリマー）、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体などのｍｐが比較的低い樹脂を用いるのがよい。 The thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited as long as it is a thermoplastic resin, but is preferably a polyolefin, a polyester, or an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer. Moreover, if the thermoplastic resin has a biodegradable polymer, it is preferable from the viewpoint that all of the molded product becomes biodegradable. Examples of the biodegradable polymer include a mixture or copolymer of polylactic acid and other resins. The thermoplastic resin can be selected depending on the characteristics required for the molded article and the characteristics required for the process until obtaining the molded article. For example, in terms of suppressing generation of nitrogen oxides during disposal, the thermoplastic resin may be a resin not containing nitrogen, such as polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, polyethylene terephthalate. And polybutylene terephthalate. Further, in terms of being able to be performed at a relatively low temperature in the hot pressing process, the thermoplastic resin is a polyamide resin (polyamide homopolymer, multi-component copolymer including binary), ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, etc. A relatively low resin should be used.
なお、本工程、即ち分散工程において、分散剤、着色剤（例えば顔料）、発泡剤、酸化防止剤等の各種添加剤を添加することもできる。上述のように、これら各種添加剤は、植物廃棄物を水分で濡らす工程において、該水分に溶解又は懸濁させて添加することができるが、本工程においても添加することができる。例えば、熱可塑性樹脂と同様に、各種添加剤を微粉末状にすることにより、均等に分散させることができる。 In this step, that is, the dispersion step, various additives such as a dispersant, a colorant (for example, a pigment), a foaming agent, and an antioxidant can be added. As described above, these various additives can be added by dissolving or suspending them in the water in the step of wetting the plant waste with water, but can also be added in this step. For example, as in the case of a thermoplastic resin, various additives can be dispersed evenly by making them into fine powder form.
次いで本発明は、得られた微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂をその表面に有する植物廃棄物を開放型ホットプレス機により熱圧して、所望形状の成形品を得る工程に付される。
この工程により、植物廃棄物の表面に均等に分散されていた微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂が接着剤の役割を果たし、植物廃棄物同士を結着させて成形品を得ることができる。Next, the present invention is subjected to a process of obtaining a molded product having a desired shape by hot-pressing the obtained plant waste having the finely powdered thermoplastic resin on its surface with an open hot press.
By this step, the finely powdered thermoplastic resin evenly dispersed on the surface of the plant waste serves as an adhesive, and the plant waste can be bound together to obtain a molded product.
熱圧の条件は、開放型のホットプレス機であることを要する。本発明の方法において、水を用いているため、ホットプレスの際に生じる水蒸気を逃すためである。
また、熱圧の際の温度は、用いる微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂、特に該樹脂の融点（ｍｐ）に依存して定めることができる。具体的には、ｍｐよりも高い温度であり、ｍｐ＋４０℃よりも低い温度、好ましくはｍｐ＋１０℃〜ｍｐ＋２０℃であるのがよい。より具体的には、熱圧の際の温度は、１８０℃以下、好ましくは７５〜１８０℃で行うのがよい。なお、微粉末状熱可塑性樹脂がポリオレフィン系樹脂である場合、熱圧工程は、１４０〜１８０℃であるのが好ましく、より好ましくは１４０〜１６０℃で行うのがよい。
熱圧の際の圧力は、用いる植物廃棄物の繊維が破壊されない圧力であれば、特に限定されず、例えば、１０〜５０ｋｇ／ｃｍ２で行うことができる。The hot pressure condition requires an open hot press. This is because water is used in the method of the present invention so that water vapor generated during hot pressing is released.
The temperature at the time of hot pressing can be determined depending on the fine powdered thermoplastic resin used, particularly the melting point (mp) of the resin. Specifically, the temperature is higher than mp and lower than mp + 40 ° C., preferably mp + 10 ° C. to mp + 20 ° C. More specifically, the temperature during hot pressing is 180 ° C. or less, preferably 75 to 180 ° C. When the fine powder thermoplastic resin is a polyolefin resin, the hot pressing step is preferably 140 to 180 ° C, more preferably 140 to 160 ° C.
The pressure at the time of the hot pressure is not particularly limited as long as the fiber of the plant waste to be used is not destroyed. For example, the pressure can be 10 to 50 kg / cm 2 .
熱圧の際に用いる金型は、所望形状の成形品に合わせた金型とするのがよい。これにより、さらなる加工を必要とせずに、所望形状の成形品を得ることができる。 The mold used for hot pressing is preferably a mold matched to a molded product having a desired shape. Thereby, a molded product having a desired shape can be obtained without requiring further processing.
上述の方法により、本発明は、植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂のみから本質的になる成形品を提供することができる。
ここで、「植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂のみから本質的になる」とは、本発明の成形品が、有機溶媒、特にホルムアルデヒド、を含まないことを意味する一方、本発明の成形品は、所望により、分散剤、発泡剤、酸化防止剤、及び／又は着色剤を含んでもよいことを意味する。By the above-mentioned method, this invention can provide the molded article which consists only of a plant waste and a thermoplastic resin.
Here, “consisting essentially of plant waste and thermoplastic resin” means that the molded article of the present invention does not contain an organic solvent, particularly formaldehyde, while the molded article of the present invention is It means that a dispersant, foaming agent, antioxidant, and / or colorant may be included as desired.
本発明の成形品は、成形品１００重量％中、植物廃棄物を６０重量％以上、好ましくは７０〜９０重量％、より好ましくは７５〜８５重量％有し、且つ熱可塑性樹脂を０重量％を超えて４０重量％以下、好ましくは１０〜３０重量％、より好ましくは１５〜２５重量％有する。 The molded product of the present invention has a plant waste of 60% by weight or more, preferably 70 to 90% by weight, more preferably 75 to 85% by weight and a thermoplastic resin of 0% by weight in 100% by weight of the molded product. Exceeding 40% by weight, preferably 10 to 30% by weight, more preferably 15 to 25% by weight.
本発明の成形品中の植物廃棄物及び熱可塑性樹脂は、上記した通りの材料とすることができる。
本発明の成形品は、断熱性を有する。このことから、断熱材、内装材、内装用下地材などの各種建築用資材として用いることができる。また、食品用パッケージとして用いることもできる。
なお、本発明の成形品と他の材料とを積層して積層複合材料とすることもできる。例えば、本発明の成形品をトレイ状とし該トレイの両面に各種フィルムをコーティングして前述の食品パッケージなどとして応用することができる。The plant waste and the thermoplastic resin in the molded article of the present invention can be made as described above.
The molded article of the present invention has a heat insulating property. From this, it can use as various building materials, such as a heat insulating material, an interior material, and a base material for interior. It can also be used as a food package.
The molded article of the present invention and other materials can be laminated to form a laminated composite material. For example, the molded product of the present invention can be applied in the form of a tray, and various films can be coated on both sides of the tray to be used as the aforementioned food package.
以下、実施例に基づいて、本発明をさらに詳細に説明するが、本発明は本実施例に限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated further in detail based on an Example, this invention is not limited to a present Example.
乾燥したもみがら１００重量部に蒸留水４０重量部をスプレーを用いて噴霧した。その後、得られた濡れたもみがらに、粒径６０〜２００μｍの微粉末状ポリエチレン２０重量部を入れ、室温で混合した。得られたセミドライ状態の混合物を平板状の金型に入れ、開放型ホットプレス機を用いて、１６０℃、２０ｋｇ／ｃｍ２でホットプレスし、厚さ１０ｍｍの平板状成形品を得た。
得られた平板状成形品の密度、曲げ強度及びヤング率を測定したところ、密度：０．５７ｇ／ｃｍ３、曲げ強度：５．２ＭＰａ、ヤング率：８４４ＭＰａであった。40 parts by weight of distilled water was sprayed on 100 parts by weight of dried rice husk using a spray. Thereafter, 20 parts by weight of finely powdered polyethylene having a particle size of 60 to 200 μm was added to the obtained wet rice cake and mixed at room temperature. The obtained semi-dried mixture was put into a flat mold and hot-pressed at 160 ° C. and 20 kg / cm 2 using an open hot press machine to obtain a flat molded article having a thickness of 10 mm.
When the density, bending strength, and Young's modulus of the obtained flat molded article were measured, the density was 0.57 g / cm 3 , the bending strength was 5.2 MPa, and the Young's modulus was 844 MPa.
乾燥したもみがら１００重量部の代わりに、乾燥した杉の皮１００重量部を用いた以外、実施例１と同様な方法により、厚さ１０ｍｍの平板状成形品を得た。
得られた平板状成形品は、密度：０．６０ｇ／ｃｍ３、曲げ強度：９．１ＭＰａ、ヤング率：１１９３ＭＰａという特性を有していた。A plate-shaped molded article having a thickness of 10 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 100 parts by weight of dried cedar skin was used instead of 100 parts by weight of dried rice husk.
The obtained flat molded article had the characteristics of density: 0.60 g / cm 3 , bending strength: 9.1 MPa, Young's modulus: 1193 MPa.
乾燥したもみがら１００重量部の代わりに、乾燥したもみがら５０重量部及び乾燥した杉の皮５０重量部を用いた以外、実施例１と同様な方法により、厚さ１０ｍｍの平板状成形品を得た。
得られた平板状成形品は、密度：０．６１ｇ／ｃｍ３、曲げ強度：６．４ＭＰａ、ヤング率：９４２ＭＰａという特性を有していた。A 10 mm thick plate-like molded product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 50 parts by weight of dried rice husk and 50 parts by weight of dried cedar skin were used instead of 100 parts by weight of dried rice husk. Obtained.
The obtained flat molded product had the characteristics of density: 0.61 g / cm 3 , bending strength: 6.4 MPa, Young's modulus: 942 MPa.
乾燥したもみがら１００重量部の代わりに、乾燥したもみがら３３重量部及び乾燥した杉の皮６７重量部を用いた以外、実施例１と同様な方法により、厚さ１０ｍｍの平板状成形品を得た。
得られた平板状成形品は、密度：０．６０ｇ／ｃｍ３、曲げ強度：９．１ＭＰａ、ヤング率：１０５０ＭＰａという特性を有していた。A 10 mm thick plate-like molded product was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 33 parts by weight of dried rice husk and 67 parts by weight of dried cedar skin were used instead of 100 parts by weight of dried rice husk. Obtained.
The obtained flat molded article had the characteristics of density: 0.60 g / cm 3 , bending strength: 9.1 MPa, Young's modulus: 1050 MPa.
粒径６０〜２００μｍの微粉末状ポリエチレンの代わりに、Ｌ−ラクチドとＤ−ラクチドとの共重合体であるポリ乳酸系の熱可塑性樹脂（三井化学社製）を粉砕して粒径１〜２００μｍにしたものを用いた以外、実施例１と同様な方法により、厚さ１０ｍｍの平板状成形品を得た。
得られた平板状成形品は、密度：０．５３ｇ／ｃｍ３、曲げ強度：４．９１ＭＰａ、ヤング率：７１３ＭＰａという特性を有していた。Instead of finely powdered polyethylene having a particle size of 60 to 200 μm, a polylactic acid-based thermoplastic resin (manufactured by Mitsui Chemicals), which is a copolymer of L-lactide and D-lactide, is pulverized to obtain a particle size of 1 to 200 μm. A plate-shaped molded product having a thickness of 10 mm was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the prepared one was used.
The obtained flat molded article had the characteristics of density: 0.53 g / cm 3 , bending strength: 4.91 MPa, Young's modulus: 713 MPa.
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| PCT/JP2003/016329 WO2005042222A1 (en) | 2003-11-04 | 2003-12-19 | Molding from plant waste and process for producing the same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR102177742B1 (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2020-11-11 | 김일도 | Disposable vessel and straw having biodegradability and manufacturing method of the same the those |
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| JPWO2005042217A1 (en) | 2007-11-29 |
| WO2005042217A1 (en) | 2005-05-12 |
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