JP3973666B2 - Seismic isolation device - Google Patents
Seismic isolation device Download PDFInfo
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- JP3973666B2 JP3973666B2 JP2005149789A JP2005149789A JP3973666B2 JP 3973666 B2 JP3973666 B2 JP 3973666B2 JP 2005149789 A JP2005149789 A JP 2005149789A JP 2005149789 A JP2005149789 A JP 2005149789A JP 3973666 B2 JP3973666 B2 JP 3973666B2
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- support shaft
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Foundations (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Description
本発明は、地震の縦揺れと横揺れを吸収して減衰する建物の免震装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a seismic isolation device for a building that absorbs and attenuates pitch and roll of an earthquake.
近年、地震が多発していることから、地震による建物の振動を軽減させる種々の免震装置が開発されている。その主なものは、建物の基礎構造と床構造部分とを分離して、この間に縦横方向のレールを設けて左右方向の横揺れを吸収する構造や、基礎構造部分に受け皿部を形成し、床構造部分にボールベアリングを取付けた支柱を設けて、支柱が受け皿部内を移動して横揺れを吸収する構造などがある。また外枠とスライド可能な内枠との間にオイルダンパーを設けて、横揺れオイルダンパーで吸収すると共に、内枠をスプリングにより中立位置に復帰させる免震装置（例えば特許文献１）が提案されている。 In recent years, since earthquakes have frequently occurred, various seismic isolation devices have been developed to reduce the vibration of buildings caused by earthquakes. The main thing is to separate the foundation structure and floor structure part of the building, and to provide horizontal and vertical rails between them to absorb lateral rolls, and to form a saucer part in the basic structure part, There is a structure in which a pillar having a ball bearing attached thereto is provided on the floor structure, and the pillar moves in the tray portion to absorb the roll. In addition, there has been proposed a seismic isolation device (for example, Patent Document 1) in which an oil damper is provided between an outer frame and a slidable inner frame and absorbed by a rolling oil damper, and the inner frame is returned to a neutral position by a spring. ing.
しかしながら従来の免震装置は横揺れの地震に対しては振動を吸収することができるが、最も被害が大きい直下型地震の縦揺れに対しては振動を吸収する構造がなく、その対策が不十分であった。
本発明は上記問題を改善し、あらゆる方向の横揺れや縦揺れに対して、振動や衝撃を効率よく吸収して建物を保護することができる免震装置を提供するものである。 This invention improves the said problem, and provides the seismic isolation apparatus which can absorb a vibration and an impact efficiently and can protect a building with respect to the rolling and pitching of all directions.
本発明の請求項１記載の免震装置は、基礎または基礎杭の上部に基台を取付け、この基台に、上部を半球状に形成した支持軸を立設し、この支持軸を囲んでコイルスプリングを巻装した複数本のオイルダンパーを基台の上部に取付け、上面に凹曲面を形成し、底面中央側に前記支持軸の上部を受ける中空半球状受け溝を形成した受け皿部を、前記支持軸の上部に揺動自在に支持すると共に、受け皿部の底面に前記コイルスプリングを巻装したダンパーの上部を連結し、建物の基礎梁の底面に所定の間隔で突設され、下端にボールベアリングを取付けた支柱を、前記受け皿部の上面に形成した凹曲面で転動自在に支持して、支持軸に加わる水平および垂直振動を、受け皿部の揺動運動とコイルスプリングを巻装したオイルダンパーとで吸収・減衰するようにしたことを特徴とするものである。 In the seismic isolation device according to claim 1 of the present invention, a base is attached to an upper part of a foundation or a foundation pile, and a support shaft in which the upper part is formed in a hemisphere is erected on the base, A plurality of oil dampers wound with coil springs are attached to the upper portion of the base, a concave curved surface is formed on the upper surface, and a tray portion in which a hollow hemispherical receiving groove that receives the upper portion of the support shaft is formed on the bottom center side, The upper part of the support shaft is swingably supported, and the upper part of the damper around which the coil spring is wound is connected to the bottom surface of the tray part, and is projected at a predetermined interval on the bottom surface of the foundation beam of the building. A support with a ball bearing attached is supported by a concave curved surface formed on the upper surface of the tray part so as to be able to roll, and horizontal and vertical vibration applied to the support shaft is wound around the swinging movement of the tray part and a coil spring. Absorption and reduction with oil dampers It is characterized in that it has to be.
本発明の請求項２記載の免震装置は、受け皿部の周囲に環状のストッパーを突設したことを特徴とするものである。請求項３記載の免震装置は、受け皿部の上面に形成した凹曲面を、中心側の曲率半径が外周側より小さく形成されていることを特徴とするものである。更に請求項４記載の免震装置は、支持軸の上部に揺動自在に支持される受け皿部の凹曲面の中心を、支持軸に対して偏心して支持したことを特徴とするものである。 The seismic isolation device according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that an annular stopper is provided around the tray portion. The seismic isolation device according to claim 3 is characterized in that the concave curved surface formed on the upper surface of the tray portion is formed so that the radius of curvature on the center side is smaller than that on the outer peripheral side. Furthermore, the seismic isolation device according to claim 4 is characterized in that the center of the concave curved surface of the tray portion supported swingably on the upper portion of the support shaft is supported eccentrically with respect to the support shaft.
本発明に係る請求項１記載の免震装置によれば、地震が発生して左右の横揺れや上下の縦揺れの振動が基礎または基礎杭に加わると、これに一体に接合された支持軸も上下左右に移動する。支持軸の上部が受け皿部の底面の中空半球状受け溝に挿着され、この周囲がコイルスプリングを巻装した複数本のオイルダンパーで支持されて、受け皿部は支持軸に揺動自在に支持されているので、受け皿部の揺動によりコイルスプリングは衝撃や振動を吸収し、更にスプリングの振動をオイルダンパーで減衰して建物に加わる衝撃や振動を緩和することができる。 According to the seismic isolation device according to claim 1 of the present invention, when an earthquake occurs and left and right lateral vibrations and vertical vertical vibrations are applied to the foundation or the foundation pile, the support shaft integrally joined thereto. Also move up, down, left and right. The upper part of the support shaft is inserted into a hollow hemispherical receiving groove on the bottom surface of the saucer part, and the periphery is supported by a plurality of oil dampers wound with coil springs. The saucer part is swingably supported by the support shaft. Therefore, the coil spring absorbs shocks and vibrations by the swinging of the tray portion, and further, the vibrations of the springs can be attenuated by the oil damper to reduce the shocks and vibrations applied to the building.
また請求項２記載の免震装置によれば、受け皿部の周囲に環状のストッパーを突設したので受け皿部が揺動しても、支柱の外れを防止することができる。 Further, according to the seismic isolation device of the second aspect, since the annular stopper protrudes around the tray portion, it is possible to prevent the column from coming off even if the tray portion swings.
また請求項３記載の免震装置によれば、受け皿部の上面に形成した凹曲面を、中心側の曲率半径が外周側より小さく形成されているので、受け皿部１４が揺動しても、支柱を曲率半径の小さい中心側に戻して中立位置に自動的に復帰し易くすることができる。 Further, according to the seismic isolation device of claim 3, the concave curved surface formed on the upper surface of the saucer portion is formed so that the radius of curvature on the center side is smaller than that of the outer peripheral side. It is possible to easily return the column to the neutral position by returning the column to the center side having a small radius of curvature.
また請求項４記載の免震装置によれば、支柱が中立位置で、支持軸とずれているので、下から突き上げられる直下型の縦揺れが発生した時に、受け皿部が確実に揺動して、支柱に伝わる衝撃を緩和することができる。 According to the seismic isolation device of claim 4, since the support column is deviated from the support shaft at the neutral position, when the vertical swing of the direct type that is pushed up from below is generated, the tray portion is reliably swung. , The impact transmitted to the support can be reduced.
以下本発明の実施の一形態を図１ないし図４を参照して詳細に説明する。図において１は免震装置を示すもので、地中２に埋設した鋼管杭３の上部に取付けた円形の鋼管キャップ４と、建物の基礎梁５との間に設けられている。この免震装置１は、円形の鋼板で形成された基台７の中心に支持軸８が立設され、この支持軸８の上部にボールベアリング９を取付けて、上部が半球状に形成されている。この支持軸８は、これを囲んで、コイルスプリング１０を巻装した３本のオイルダンパー１１が基台７の上面の、同一円周上に等間隔で配置され、ヒンジ１２を介して立設されている。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a seismic isolation device, which is provided between a circular steel pipe cap 4 attached to the upper part of a steel pipe pile 3 buried in the underground 2 and a foundation beam 5 of the building. In this seismic isolation device 1, a support shaft 8 is erected at the center of a base 7 formed of a circular steel plate, a ball bearing 9 is attached to the upper portion of the support shaft 8, and the upper portion is formed in a hemispherical shape. Yes. The support shaft 8 is surrounded by three oil dampers 11 around which coil springs 10 are wound. The oil dampers 11 are arranged on the same circumference of the upper surface of the base 7 at equal intervals. Has been.
支持軸８の上部には受け皿部１４が取付けられ、この受け皿部１４は上面に凹曲面１５を形成し、その周囲には環状のストッパー１９が突設され、更に図２に示すように受け皿部１４の底面中央側に前記支持軸８の上部のボールベアリング９を受ける中空半球状受け溝１６が形成されている。 A tray portion 14 is attached to the upper portion of the support shaft 8. The tray portion 14 has a concave curved surface 15 formed on the upper surface, and an annular stopper 19 is provided around the concave curved surface 15. Further, as shown in FIG. A hollow hemispherical receiving groove 16 for receiving the ball bearing 9 on the upper portion of the support shaft 8 is formed at the center of the bottom surface of the support 14.
また受け皿部１４の底面には、コイルスプリング１０を巻装したオイルダンパー１１の上部がヒンジ１２を介して連結されている。このように支持軸８の上部に取付けたボールベアリング９が、受け皿部１４の底面中心の中空半球状受け溝１６に挿着され、この周囲がコイルスプリング１０を巻装した３本のオイルダンパー１１で支持されているので、受け皿部１４は支持軸８に揺動自在に支持されている。 An upper portion of an oil damper 11 around which the coil spring 10 is wound is connected to the bottom surface of the tray portion 14 via a hinge 12. Thus, the ball bearing 9 attached to the upper portion of the support shaft 8 is inserted into the hollow hemispherical receiving groove 16 at the center of the bottom surface of the tray portion 14, and the three oil dampers 11 around which the coil spring 10 is wound are attached. Therefore, the tray portion 14 is supported on the support shaft 8 so as to be swingable.
この免震装置１は、基礎梁５の底面に、その長手方向に沿って、鋼管杭３の埋設間隔で支柱１８が突設され、これと鋼管杭３との間にそれぞれ取付けられている。また鋼管杭３は地中２に埋設されるため、正確な位置決めができず多少その位置がずれるが、鋼管キャップ４は鋼管杭３の直径より大きく形成され、また基台７よりも大きく形成されているので、基台７を鋼管キャップ４の上の設計位置に合わせて溶接することができる。 In this seismic isolation device 1, struts 18 are projected from the bottom surface of the foundation beam 5 along the longitudinal direction thereof at intervals of embedding of the steel pipe piles 3, and are attached between the steel pipe piles 3. Moreover, since the steel pipe pile 3 is buried in the ground 2, accurate positioning is not possible and the position is somewhat shifted, but the steel pipe cap 4 is formed larger than the diameter of the steel pipe pile 3 and larger than the base 7. Therefore, the base 7 can be welded according to the design position on the steel pipe cap 4.
上記構成の免震装置１は、通常の状態では図２に示すように、支柱１８が受け皿部１４の凹曲面１５の中央部に位置している。地震が発生して左右の横揺れや上下の縦揺れの振動が鋼管杭３に加わると、これに一体に接合された支持軸８も上下左右に移動する。支持軸８の上部に取付けたボールベアリング９は、受け皿部１４の底面中心の中空半球状受け溝１６に挿着され、この周囲がコイルスプリング１０を巻装した３本のオイルダンパー１１で支持されているので、受け皿部１４は支持軸８に揺動自在に支持されている。 As shown in FIG. 2, the seismic isolation device 1 configured as described above has the support column 18 positioned at the center of the concave curved surface 15 of the tray portion 14 as shown in FIG. 2. When an earthquake occurs and left and right lateral vibrations and vertical vertical vibrations are applied to the steel pipe pile 3, the support shaft 8 integrally joined thereto also moves up and down and left and right. A ball bearing 9 attached to the upper part of the support shaft 8 is inserted into a hollow hemispherical receiving groove 16 at the center of the bottom surface of the tray 14, and the periphery thereof is supported by three oil dampers 11 around which a coil spring 10 is wound. Therefore, the tray portion 14 is supported on the support shaft 8 so as to be swingable.
このため、図３および図４に示すように、支持軸８が上下左右に揺れても、揺動する受け皿部１４の凹曲面１５に支持されている支柱１８は、その下部に取付けたボールベアリング９が凹曲面１５内を転動して、その揺れを緩和することができる。また受け皿部１４の周囲には環状のストッパー１９が突設されて、受け皿部１４が揺動しても支柱１８が凹曲面１５から外れないようになっている。 Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, even if the support shaft 8 swings up and down, left and right, the support column 18 supported by the concave curved surface 15 of the swinging tray portion 14 has a ball bearing attached to the lower portion thereof. 9 rolls in the concave curved surface 15, and the shaking can be relieved. An annular stopper 19 is provided around the tray portion 14 so that the column 18 does not come off the concave curved surface 15 even if the tray portion 14 swings.
つまり、受け皿部１４の揺動によりコイルスプリング１０は衝撃や振動を吸収し、更にスプリングの振動をオイルダンパー１１で減衰させることができる。しかも受け皿部１４の底面に接続した一方のコイルスプリング１０が縮むと、他方のコイルスプリング１０が伸びるので、これが弾性で復帰することにより受け皿部１４は水平に戻り、支柱１８を中立位置に自動的に復帰させることができる。 That is, the coil spring 10 can absorb shocks and vibrations by the swinging of the tray part 14, and further the vibrations of the springs can be damped by the oil damper 11. In addition, when one coil spring 10 connected to the bottom surface of the saucer portion 14 is contracted, the other coil spring 10 is extended, so that the saucer portion 14 is returned to the horizontal position by elastic recovery, and the column 18 is automatically set to the neutral position. Can be restored.
図５は本発明の他の実施の形態を示すもので、受け皿部１４の上面に形成した凹曲面１５は、中心側の曲率半径Ｒ１ が、外周側の曲率半径Ｒ２ より小さく形成されている。これは受け皿部１４が揺動しても、支柱１８を曲率半径Ｒ１ の小さい中心側に戻して中立位置に自動的に復帰し易くすることができる。 FIG. 5 shows another embodiment of the present invention. The concave curved surface 15 formed on the upper surface of the tray portion 14 is formed such that the radius of curvature R 1 on the center side is smaller than the radius of curvature R 2 on the outer peripheral side. Yes. This can be pan section 14 also swings, to facilitate automatically returns to the neutral position by returning the strut 18 to the small center-side radius of curvature R 1.
図６は本発明の異なる他の実施の形態を示すもので、支持軸８の上部に揺動自在に支持される受け皿部１４の凹曲面１５の中心を、支持軸８に対して偏心して支持したものである。 FIG. 6 shows another embodiment of the present invention in which the center of the concave curved surface 15 of the tray portion 14 supported swingably on the upper portion of the support shaft 8 is eccentrically supported with respect to the support shaft 8. It is a thing.
上記構成の免震装置１は、支柱１８が中立位置で、支持軸８とずれているので、下から突き上げられる直下型の縦揺れが発生した時に、受け皿部１４が確実に揺動して、支柱１８に伝わる衝撃を緩和することができる。 In the seismic isolation device 1 configured as described above, since the support column 18 is displaced from the support shaft 8 in the neutral position, the receiving tray portion 14 is reliably swung when a vertical type vertical swing pushed up from below occurs. The impact transmitted to the column 18 can be reduced.
振動装置にセットした基台７の上に図１に示す免震装置１を４台取付け、基礎梁に相当する金属板の底部に、４本の支柱１８を取付け、この金属板の上に重りを載せて、金属板を含めた全荷重を７１２Ｋｇとし、免震装置１の１台当たりに加わる荷重を１７８Ｋｇとした。また振動装置は最大速度を４０００ｍｍ／ｍｉｎ、最大振幅を４０ｍｍの横揺れ振動を与え、振動装置の加速度の時間変化と、金属板上面での加速度の時間変化を測定して、その結果を図７に示した。 Four seismic isolation devices 1 shown in FIG. 1 are mounted on the base 7 set in the vibration device, and four struts 18 are mounted on the bottom of the metal plate corresponding to the foundation beam, and the weight is placed on the metal plate. The total load including the metal plate was 712 kg, and the load applied per seismic isolation device 1 was 178 kg. Further, the vibration device gives a rolling vibration having a maximum speed of 4000 mm / min and a maximum amplitude of 40 mm, and the time change of the acceleration of the vibration device and the time change of the acceleration on the upper surface of the metal plate are measured. It was shown to.
図７（Ａ）は、振動装置の加速度の時間変化を示すグラフで、図７（Ｂ）は、免震装置１を介して支持した金属板上面での加速度の時間変化を示すグラフである。この結果、加速度は約半分に低減され、本発明装置が優れた免震効果を有することが確認された。 FIG. 7A is a graph showing the time change of acceleration of the vibration device, and FIG. 7B is a graph showing the time change of acceleration on the upper surface of the metal plate supported via the seismic isolation device 1. As a result, the acceleration was reduced to about half, and it was confirmed that the device of the present invention has an excellent seismic isolation effect.
なお上記説明では、支持軸８の上部にボールベアリング９を設けた場合について示したが、支持軸８の上部を半球状に形成しても良い。また支持軸８の周囲に、コイルスプリング１０を巻装したオイルダンパー１１を３本等間隔で同一円周上に配置した場合について示したが、４本以上配置した構造でも良い。また上記説明では鋼管杭３の上に免震装置１を取付けた場合について示したが、鋼管基礎や、コンクリート基礎の上に設置した構造でも良い。 In the above description, the case where the ball bearing 9 is provided on the upper portion of the support shaft 8 is shown, but the upper portion of the support shaft 8 may be formed in a hemispherical shape. In addition, although the case where three oil dampers 11 around which the coil springs 10 are wound is arranged on the same circumference around the support shaft 8 is shown, four or more oil dampers 11 may be arranged. Moreover, although the case where the seismic isolation apparatus 1 was attached on the steel pipe pile 3 was shown in the said description, the structure installed on the steel pipe foundation or the concrete foundation may be sufficient.
１ 免震装置
２ 地中
３ 鋼管杭
４ 鋼管キャップ
５ 基礎梁
７ 基台
８ 支持軸
９ ボールベアリング
１０ コイルスプリング
１１ オイルダンパー
１２ ヒンジ
１４ 受け皿部
１５ 凹曲面
１６ 中空半球状受け溝
１８ 支柱
１９ 環状のストッパー
1 Seismic isolation device
2 underground
3 Steel pipe pile
4 Steel pipe cap
5 foundation beams
7 base
8 Support shaft
9 Ball bearing
10 Coil spring
11 Oil damper
12 Hinge
14 saucer
15 Concave surface
16 Hollow hemispherical receiving groove
18 props
19 Annular stopper
Claims (4)
2. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein the center of the concave surface of the tray portion supported by the upper portion of the support shaft in a swingable manner is supported eccentrically with respect to the support shaft.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005149789A JP3973666B2 (en) | 2005-05-23 | 2005-05-23 | Seismic isolation device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005149789A JP3973666B2 (en) | 2005-05-23 | 2005-05-23 | Seismic isolation device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2006328655A JP2006328655A (en) | 2006-12-07 |
| JP3973666B2 true JP3973666B2 (en) | 2007-09-12 |
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| JP2005149789A Expired - Fee Related JP3973666B2 (en) | 2005-05-23 | 2005-05-23 | Seismic isolation device |
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| CN110985599A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 王光远 | Under-freedom-degree redundant vibration isolation system |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100513715C (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2009-07-15 | 罗大威 | Resilient structural member of buildings against earthquake |
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| JP2736552B2 (en) * | 1989-08-25 | 1998-04-02 | 株式会社竹中工務店 | Floor seismic isolation device |
| JPH07310459A (en) * | 1994-05-17 | 1995-11-28 | Toyo Constr Co Ltd | Base isolation device |
| JPH0925737A (en) * | 1995-05-11 | 1997-01-28 | Daigo Takamura | Base isolation structure for structural body |
| JP3013292B2 (en) * | 1996-03-01 | 2000-02-28 | エスイオ株式会社 | Seismic isolation device and structure having this isolation device |
| JP3082134B2 (en) * | 1996-03-27 | 2000-08-28 | 貫太郎 藤井 | Shaking 2-plate seismic reduction device |
| JP3392036B2 (en) * | 1998-01-20 | 2003-03-31 | 住友建設株式会社 | Sliding support device |
| JP2002129772A (en) * | 2000-08-11 | 2002-05-09 | Nobuyoshi Kaneko | Base isolating one-stage, two-stage, and three-stage structure for building |
| JP3685706B2 (en) * | 2000-10-06 | 2005-08-24 | 大同メタル工業株式会社 | Seismic isolation device |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110985599A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 王光远 | Under-freedom-degree redundant vibration isolation system |
| CN110985599B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-08-20 | 王光远 | Under-freedom-degree redundant vibration isolation system |
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