JP3977227B2

JP3977227B2 - Variable seats for congestion and body type

Info

Publication number: JP3977227B2
Application number: JP2002314524A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 綾乃齋藤
Original assignee: Railway Technical Research Institute
Current assignee: Railway Technical Research Institute
Priority date: 2002-10-29
Filing date: 2002-10-29
Publication date: 2007-09-19
Anticipated expiration: 2022-10-29
Also published as: JP2004147768A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、混雑度・体型対応可変座席に係り、特に、鉄道車両用座席の寸法・形状を変更する装置であり、車両内の混雑度や利用者の体型に応じて寸法・形状を変化させることができる混雑度・体型対応可変座席に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、通勤時やイベントなどで車両が混雑した場合の対応策として折りたたみ座席がある。これは混雑時には座席を折りたたんで収納して立位スペースを増やし、閑散時には広げて座席として使用するものである（下記【特許文献１】および【特許文献２】参照）。
【０００３】
また、座席の高さを調整可能にしたものとしては、【特許文献３】および【特許文献４】に開示されるようなものがあった。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開平１１−１２８０１７号公報（第２頁〜第３頁第１図）
【０００５】
【特許文献２】
特開２０００−２８９５０８号公報（第３頁〜第４頁第４図）
【０００６】
【特許文献３】
特開平８−１２６５４５号公報（第３頁〜第５頁第１図）
【０００７】
【特許文献４】
特開平１１−２０８３２８号公報（第４頁〜第５頁第１図）
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、従来の折りたたみ座席は、折りたたんで立位スペースとするか広げて座席として使用するかの二者択一であり、混雑時には立位スペース増加のために着席可能人数が犠牲になり、閑散時には座席の快適性が犠牲になっている。
【０００９】
また、座席の高さ調整が可能な場合も、座面の高さのみを利用者の体型に合わせる目的のためにだけ、提供されているに過ぎず、混雑時・閑散時のニーズの変化を念頭においたものではない。
【００１０】
ところで、通勤時間帯の利用者は通勤・通学目的の若年から中年層が多いが、日中の閑散時間帯の利用者は高齢者や主婦や幼児の利用が多くなる。
【００１１】
そこで、通勤時間帯は混雑するため、極力座席の面積は狭くして利用者の立位のスペースを広くする必要がある。また、座面の高さは少々高くても若年から中年層には適応している場合が多い。
【００１２】
一方、日中の閑散時間帯の場合については、高齢者や幼児等は座面が高すぎると足が床につかず不安定になるため、座面を低く、奥行きを深くゆったりと腰をかけられるようにすることが望ましい。
【００１３】
本発明は、上記状況に鑑みて、混雑時の利用者の立位スペースの確保と、利用者層の体型の両方を考慮した混雑度・体型対応可変座席を提供することを目的とする。
【００１４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記目的を達成するために、
〔１〕混雑度・体型対応可変座席において、車両の床（２）に対して水平方向に配置される座部（３）と、この座部（３）の底面部剛体板（４Ａ）及び後部剛体板（４Ｂ）からなる剛体板（４）と、前記座部（３）の底面部を支える第１の可動アーム（５）と、この第１の可動アーム（５）の下端に配置される第１の可動アーム（５）を枢支する第１の枢支部（６）と、前記第１の可動アーム（５）５の上端に配置され、前記底面部剛体板（４Ａ）に枢支される第２の枢支部（７）と、前記座部（３）の上部を支える第２の可動アーム（８）と、この第２の可動アーム（８）の上端に配置される第２の可動アーム（８）を枢支する第３の枢支部（９）と、前記第２の可動アーム（８）の下端に配置され、前記後面部剛体板（４Ｂ）に枢支される第４の枢支部（１０）と、前記第３の枢支部（９）をガイドする案内部（１１）と、前記座部（３）に接続される背もたれ兼拡張座部（１２）と、この背もたれ兼拡張座部（１２）と前記座部（３）を接続するリンクとを備え、前記座部（３）を、基準の位置と、前記第１の可動アーム（５）の駆動により前記座部（３）を前進させ、前記座部（３）の座面の面積を拡張するとともに、前記基準の位置の座面の高さよりも座面の高さが低くなる位置に設定することを特徴とする。
【００１５】
〔２〕上記〔１〕記載の混雑度・体型対応可変座席において、前記第１の枢支部（６）、第２の枢支部（７）、第３の枢支部（９）及び第４の枢支部（１０）はそれぞれ所定角度でロック可能なロック機構を具備することを特徴とする。
【００１６】
〔３〕上記〔１〕又は〔２〕記載の混雑度・体型対応可変座席において、前記座部（３）の位置を、車両内の混雑時に用いる基準の位置となる第１の位置と、前記座部（３）が前進する車両内の混雑度が通常時に用いる第２の位置と、前記座部（３）が更に前進する車両内の混雑度が閑散時に用いる第３の位置とに設定することを特徴とする。
【００１７】
〔４〕混雑度・体型対応可変座席において、車両の床（２２）に対して水平方向に配置される座部（２３）と、この座部（２３）の底面に設けられる剛体板（２４）と、前記座部（２３）の底面部を支える可動アーム（２５）と、この可動アーム（２５）の下端に配置される、前記可動アーム（２５）を枢支する第１の枢支部（２６）と、前記可動アーム（２５）の上端に配置され、前記剛体板（２４）に枢支される第２の枢支部（２７）と、前記座部（２３）に接続される背もたれ兼拡張座部（２８）と、この背もたれ兼拡張座部（２８）と前記座部（２３）を接続するリンク（２９）とを備え、前記座部（２３）を手前に引き出すことにより、前記座部（２３）が前進し、同時に前記座部（２３）の後部に前記リンク（２９）により接続された背もたれ兼拡張座部（２８）が倒れて前記座部（２３）と水平になるように配置されることにより、座部２３が拡張されるとともに、座面の高さが低くなる位置に設定することを特徴とする。
【００１８】
〔５〕上記〔４〕記載の混雑度・体型対応可変座席において、前記第１の枢支部（２６）及び第２の枢支部（２７）はそれぞれ所定角度でロック可能なロック機構を具備することを特徴とする。
【００１９】
〔６〕上記〔５〕記載の混雑度・体型対応可変座席において、前記座部（２３）の位置を、車両内の混雑時に用いる基準の位置となる第１の位置と、前記座部（２３）が前進する車両内の混雑度が通常時又は閑散時に用いる第２の位置とに設定することを特徴とする。
【００２０】
〔７〕混雑度・体型対応可変座席において、車両の床（３２）に対して水平方向に配置される座部（３３）と、この座部（３３）の底面部剛体板（３４Ａ）及び後面部剛体板（３４Ｂ）からなる剛体板（３４）と、前記座部（３３）の後面部剛体板（３４Ｂ）の上部を支える可動アーム（３５）と、この可動アーム（３５）の上端に配置される第１の枢支部（３６）と、前記可動アーム（３５）の下端に配置され、前記座部（３３）の後面部剛体板（３４Ｂ）に枢支される第２の枢支部（３７）と、前記座部（３３）に接続される背もたれ兼拡張座部（３８）と、この背もたれ兼拡張座部（３８）と前記座部（３３）を接続するリンク（３９）を備え、車両内の混雑時には、前記座部（３３）に対して背もたれ兼拡張座部（３８）が垂直に設定され、車両内の混雑度が通常又は閑散時は、前記座部（３３）を手前に引き出すことにより、前記座部（３３）が前進し、同時に、前記座部（３３）の後部に前記リンク（３９）により接続された背もたれ兼拡張座部（３８）が引っ張られて前記座部（３３）と水平に配置されて、前記座部（３３）が拡張されるるとともに、座面の高さが低くなる位置に設定することを特徴とする。
【００２１】
〔８〕上記〔４〕記載の混雑度・体型対応可変座席において、前記第１の枢支部（２６）及び第２の枢支部（２７）はそれぞれ所定角度でロック可能なロック機構を具備することを特徴とする。
【００２２】
〔９〕混雑度・体型対応可変座席において、第１の座部（１０１）と、引出し可能な支持剛体板（１０２）と、この支持剛体板（１０２）の把手（１０３）と、前記支持剛体板（１０２）の案内部（１０４）と、前記第１の座部（１０１）上に折り畳み可能な第２の座部（１０５）と、前記第１の座部（１０１）と第２の座部（１０５）とを接続するリンク（１０６）と、背もたれ（１０７）とを備え、車両内の混雑時には、前記第１の座部（１０１）上に前記第２の座部（１０５）が折り畳まれており、座面の高さは高いが、座面の面積（奥行き）は狭く設定されており、車両内の混雑度が通常時または閑散時には、前記支持剛体板（１０２）の把手（１０３）を手前に引くことにより、前記支持剛体板（１０２）の案内部（１０４）から前記支持剛体板（１０２）を引き出し、その上に第１の座部（１０１）上に折り畳まれていた、前記リンク（１０６）によって前記第１の座部（１０１）に接続されている前記第２の座部（１０５）を広げ、座面の面積を拡張し、その際には、座面の高さは、車両内の混雑時の座面の高さがより低くなる位置に設定することを特徴とする。
【００２３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態について詳細に説明する。
【００２４】
図１は本発明の第１実施例を示す混雑度・体型対応可変座席の模式図、図２はその斜視図である。
【００２５】
これらの図において、１は車両の内側壁、２は車両の床、３は車両の床２に対して水平方向に配置される座部、４はその座部３の底面及び後部に設けられる剛体板、４Ａは底面部剛体板、４Ｂは後面部剛体板、５はその座部３の底面部を支える第１の可動アーム、６はその第１の可動アーム５の下端に配置される第１の可動アーム５を枢支する第１の枢支部、７はその可動アーム５の上端に配置され、底面部剛体板４Ａに枢支される第２の枢支部、８はその座部３の上部を支える第２の可動アーム、９はその第２の可動アーム８の上端に配置される第２の可動アーム８を枢支する第３の枢支部、１０はその第２の可動アーム８の下端に配置され、後面部剛体板４Ｂに枢支される第４の枢支部、１１は第３の枢支部９をガイドする案内部、１２は座部３に接続される背もたれ兼拡張座部、１３は背もたれ兼拡張座部１２と座部３を接続するリンクである。なお、上記した第１の枢支部６、第２の枢支部７、第３の枢支部９及び第４の枢支部１０はそれぞれ所定角度でロック可能なロック機構を有している。
【００２６】
そこで、通勤時間帯の車両内の混雑時には、図１（ａ）及び図２（ａ）に示すように、第１の位置に座部３が設定されている。つまり、第１の可動アーム５は車両の内側壁１に対してθ₁傾いており、第２の可動アーム８は座部３に対してほぼ垂直となっている。そして、座部３は通勤時間帯に多い２０歳代から５０歳代の体格にあわせた高めの座部３の座面の高さＡが確保される。この状態では、座席は主にロック機構付き第１〜第４の枢支部６，７，９，１０によって固定される。
【００２７】
次に、車両内の混雑度が通常である場合は、図１（ｂ）及び図２（ｂ）に示すように、座部３を手前に引き出すことにより前進させる。つまり、第１の可動アーム５の第２の枢支部７も座部３とともに前進し、第１の可動アーム５の傾斜角はθ₂となり（θ₂＞θ₁）、第２の可動アーム８の第３の枢支部９は案内部１１にガイドされて下方に移動し、第４の枢支部１０は前進する。すると、座面の高さＢは混雑時の座面の高さＡに比べて低くなる。この状態でも、座席は主にロック機構付き第１〜第４の枢支部６，７，９，１０によって固定される。
【００２８】
また、座部３の後部に接続される背もたれ兼拡張座部１２は傾斜した状態となるため、着席時の快適性を向上させることができる。
【００２９】
次に、閑散時間帯の場合は、図１（ｃ）及び図２（ｃ）に示すように、更に、座部３を引き出して前進させる。つまり、第１の可動アーム５の第２の枢支部７も更に前進し、可動アーム５の傾斜角はθ₃となり（θ₃＞θ₂）、第２の可動アーム８の第３の枢支部９は案内部１１にガイドされて更に下方に移動し、第４の枢支部１０は更に前進する。そして、座面の高さＣは通常時の座面の高さＢに比べて低くなる。この段階では、座部３の後部に接続される背もたれ兼拡張座部１２は完全に倒れて座部３と水平な拡張座面として利用することができる。この状態でも、座席は主にロック機構付き第１〜第４の枢支部６，７，９，１０によって固定される。
【００３０】
このように構成したので、車両内の混雑時には座席の座部の面積を狭くすることができるため、着席人数を減らすことなく、立位スペースを増加させることができる。また、座席の高さが高くなるため、着席者の足の投げ出しが抑えられ、さらに立位スペースを確保することができる。
【００３１】
また、車両内の混雑度が通常である時には、座席の座部の面積が少し広がるとともに、座面の高さが混雑時に比べると低くなり、背もたれもリクライニングした状態となるため、快適性を向上させることができる。
【００３２】
更に、車両内の混雑度が閑散時には、座部の座面の面積を最大に広げるとともに、座面の高さがより低くなるように設定することができる。これにより、特に、高齢者や幼児が寛いで利用することができるようになる。
【００３３】
当然、車両内の混雑度が閑散時には、上記した３つの態様のいずれかを適宜選択して用いることができることは言うまでもない。
【００３４】
上記した実施例では、車両内の混雑度が混雑、通常、閑散の３つの態様に対応できるように設定したのに対して、以下の実施例では、車両内の混雑度が混雑と、普通又は閑散の２つのモードに対応ができるように設定したものを示す。
【００３５】
図３は本発明の第２実施例を示す混雑度・体型対応可変座席の模式図、図４はその斜視図である。
【００３６】
これらの図において、２１は車両の内側壁、２２は車両の床、２３は車両の床２２に対して水平方向に配置される座部、２４はその座部２３の底面に設けられる剛体板、２５はその座部２３の底面部を支える可動アーム、２６はその可動アーム２５の下端に配置される、可動アーム２５を枢支する第１の枢支部、２７はその可動アーム２５の上端に配置され、剛体板２４に枢支される第２の枢支部、２８は座部２３に接続される背もたれ兼拡張座部、２９は背もたれ兼拡張座部２８と座部２３を接続するリンクである。なお、上記した第１の枢支部２６及び第２の枢支部２７はそれぞれ所定角度でロック可能なロック機構を有している。
【００３７】
そこで、車両内の混雑時には、図３（ａ）及び図４（ａ）に示すように、座部２３に対して背もたれ兼拡張座部２８が垂直に設定されている。つまり、可動アーム２５は車両の内側壁面２１に対してθ₁傾斜している。この状態では、座席は主にロック機構付き第１の枢支部２６及び第２の枢支部２７によって固定される。
【００３８】
次に、車両内の混雑度が通常又は閑散時は、図３（ｂ）及び図４（ｂ）に示すように、座部２３を手前に引き出すことにより、座部２３が前進し、同時に座部２３の後部にリンク２９により接続された背もたれ兼拡張座部２８が倒れて座部２３と水平になるように配置されることにより、座部２３が拡張される。つまり、可動アーム２５の第２の枢支部２７は前進し、その傾斜角はθ₂となり（θ₂＞θ₁）、座部２３を支持する。そして、座面の高さＢは車両内の混雑時の座面の高さＡに比べて低くなる。この状態でも、座席は主にロック機構付き第１の枢支部２６及び第２の枢支部２７によって固定される。
【００３９】
ここで、座部２３を手前に引き出す量を調整し、座部２３の後部に接続される背もたれ兼拡張座部２８を斜めの状態にして利用するようにしてもよい。その場合には、第１実施例と同様に、車両内の混雑度の混雑時と、普通時と、閑散時の３つの態様に対応させることができる。
【００４０】
このように構成することにより、座席下部の可動アームのみで座部を支持することができ、第１実施例に比べて構造をより簡便にすることができる。
【００４１】
図５は本発明の第３実施例を示す混雑度・体型対応可変座席の模式図、図６はその斜視図である。
【００４２】
これらの図において、３１は車両の内側壁、３２は車両の床、３３は車両の床３２に対して水平方向に配置される座部、３４はその座部３３の底面及び後部に設けられる剛体板、３４Ａは底面部剛体板、３４Ｂは後面部剛体板、３５はその座部３３の後面部剛体板３４Ｂの上部を支える可動アーム、３６はその可動アーム３５の上端に配置される第１の枢支部、３７はその可動アーム３５の下端に配置され、座部３３の後面部剛体板３４Ｂに枢支される第２の枢支部、３８は座部３３に接続される背もたれ兼拡張座部、３９は背もたれ兼拡張座部３８と座部３３を接続するリンクである。なお、上記した第１の枢支部３６及び第２の枢支部３７はそれぞれ所定角度でロック可能なロック機構を有している。
【００４３】
そこで、車両内の混雑時には、図５（ａ）及び図６（ａ）に示すように、座部３３に対して背もたれ兼拡張座部３８が垂直に設定されている。すなわち、可動アーム３５の傾斜角はθ₁である。この状態では、座席は主にロック機構付き第１の枢支部３６及び第２の枢支部３７によって固定される。
【００４４】
次に、車両内の混雑度が通常又は閑散時は、図５（ｂ）及び図６（ｂ）に示すように、座部３３を手前に引き出すことにより、座部３３が前進し、同時に、座部３３の後部にリンク３９により接続された背もたれ兼拡張座部３８が引っ張られて座部３３と水平に配置される。それにより、座部３３が拡張される。つまり、可動アーム３５の第２の枢支部３７も前進し、可動アーム３５の傾斜角はθ₂となり（θ₂＞θ₁）、座部３３を支持する。そして、座面の高さＢは車両内の混雑時の座面の高さＡに比べて低くなる。この状態でも、座席は主にロック機構付き第１の枢支部３６及び第２の枢支部３７によって固定される。
【００４５】
ここで、座部３３を手前に引き出す量を調整し、座部３３の後部に接続される背もたれ兼拡張座部３８は斜めの状態として利用するようにしてもよい。その場合には、第１実施例と同様に、車両内の混雑度の混雑時と、普通時と、閑散時の３つの態様に対応させることができる。
【００４６】
このように構成することにより、上部の可動アームのみで座部を支持することができ、第１実施例に比べて構造をより簡便にすることができる。
【００４７】
図７は本発明の第４実施例を示す混雑度・体型対応可変座席の模式図、図８はその斜視図である。
【００４８】
これらの図において、１０１は第１の座部、１０２は引出し可能な支持剛体板、１０３はその支持剛体板１０２の把手、１０４は支持剛体板１０２の案内部、１０５は第１の座部１０１上に折り畳み可能な第２の座部、１０６は第１の座部１０１と第２の座部１０５とを接続するリンク、１０７は背もたれである。
【００４９】
この実施例によれば、車両内の混雑時には、図７（ａ）及び図８（ｂ）に示すように、第１の座部１０１上に第２の座部１０５が折り畳まれており、座面の高さＡは高いが、座面の面積（奥行き）は狭く設定されている。
【００５０】
次に、車両内の混雑度が通常時または閑散時には、図７（ｂ）及び図８（ｂ）に示すように、支持剛体板１０２の把手１０３を手前に引くことにより、支持剛体板の案内部１０４から支持剛体板１０２を引き出し、その上に第１の座部１０１上に折り畳まれていた、リンク１０６によって第１の座部１０１に接続されている第２の座部１０５を広げ、座面を拡張する。その際には、座面の高さＢは、車両内の混雑時の座面の高さＡより低くなる。
【００５１】
この実施例では、座席は、主に支持剛体板１０２の案内部１０４で固定されるが、更に、その案内部１０４に脚（図示なし）を設けることができることは言うまでもない。
【００５２】
このように構成することにより、車両内の混雑時には座面の面積を狭くし、かつ座面の高い態様に設定し、車両内の混雑度が通常乃至閑散時には座面の面積を拡張し、かつ座面の低い態様に設定することができる。
【００５３】
なお、本発明は上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨に基づいて種々の変形が可能であり、それらを本発明の範囲から排除するものではない。
【００５４】
【発明の効果】
以上、詳細に説明したように、本発明によれば、以下のような効果を奏することができる。
【００５５】
従来のように、折りたたみ座席を収納するか広げて座席として利用するかの二者択一ではなく、混雑時には着席可能人数を減らすことなく立位スペースを増やし、通常時や閑散時には座面の面積を増加させるとともに、座部の座面の高さを低くすることにより、着席時の快適性の向上を図ることができる。
【００５６】
このように、混雑時間帯の利用者層及び利用形態と通常時や閑散時の利用者層及び利用形態を考慮して最適な座席態様を提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１実施例を示す混雑度・体型対応可変座席の模式図である。
【図２】本発明の第１実施例を示す混雑度・体型対応可変座席の斜視図である。
【図３】本発明の第２実施例を示す混雑度・体型対応可変座席の模式図である。
【図４】本発明の第２実施例を示す混雑度・体型対応可変座席の斜視図である。
【図５】本発明の第３実施例を示す混雑度・体型対応可変座席の模式図である。
【図６】本発明の第３実施例を示す混雑度・体型対応可変座席の斜視図である。
【図７】本発明の第４実施例を示す混雑度・体型対応可変座席の模式図である。
【図８】本発明の第４実施例を示す混雑度・体型対応可変座席の斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１，２１，３１車両の内側壁
２，２２，３２車両の床
３，２３，３３座部
４，３４座部の底面及び後部に設けられる剛体板
４Ａ，３４Ａ底面部剛体板
４Ｂ，３４Ｂ後面部剛体板
５，８，２５，３５可動アーム
６，２６，３６第１の枢支部
７，２７，３７第２の枢支部
９第３の枢支部
１０第４の枢支部
１１案内部
１２，２８，３８背もたれ兼拡張座部
１３，２９，３９，１０６リンク
２４座部の底面に設けられる剛体板
１０１第１の座部
１０２引出し可能な支持剛体板
１０３支持剛体板の把手
１０４支持剛体板の案内部
１０５第２の座部
１０７背もたれ[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a variable-seat / body-type variable seat, and more particularly to an apparatus that changes the size / shape of a railcar seat, and changes the size / shape according to the degree of congestion in the vehicle and the user's body shape. It relates to a variable seat that can handle congestion and body shape.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there is a folding seat as a countermeasure when a vehicle is congested during commuting or an event. In this case, the seat is folded and stored when crowded to increase the standing space, and when it is quiet, it is expanded and used as a seat (see Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 below).
[0003]
In addition, there are those disclosed in [Patent Document 3] and [Patent Document 4] that can adjust the height of the seat.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-128017 (page 2 to page 3 FIG. 1)
[0005]
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2000-289508 A (page 3 to page 4 FIG. 4)
[0006]
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-8-126545 (page 3 to page 5 FIG. 1)
[0007]
[Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-208328 (pages 4 to 5 and FIG. 1)
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the conventional folding seats can be folded and used as a standing space or expanded and used as a seat. When crowded, the number of seatable seats is sacrificed due to the increase in the standing space. Seat comfort is sacrificed.
[0009]
Even if the seat height can be adjusted, it is only provided for the purpose of adjusting the height of the seat to the user's body shape. Not in mind.
[0010]
By the way, users of commuting time range from young to middle-aged people for commuting and attending school purposes, but users in off-hours during the daytime use by elderly people, housewives and infants.
[0011]
Therefore, since the commuting time is crowded, it is necessary to reduce the seat area as much as possible and widen the space for the user to stand. Moreover, even if the height of the seat surface is a little high, it is often adapted for young to middle-aged people.
[0012]
On the other hand, in the case of off-hours during the day, elderly people, infants, etc., if the seat surface is too high, the feet do not touch the floor and become unstable, so the seat surface can be lowered and the depth can be relaxed deeply. It is desirable to do so.
[0013]
In view of the above situation, an object of the present invention is to provide a variable seat corresponding to the degree of congestion / body shape in consideration of both securing a standing space for a user at the time of congestion and the body shape of the user layer.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides
[1] In a variable seat corresponding to the degree of congestion / body shape, a seat portion (3) disposed in a horizontal direction with respect to a vehicle floor (2), a bottom rigid plate (4A) and a rear portion of the seat portion (3) A rigid plate (4) made of a rigid plate (4B) , a first movable arm (5) that supports the bottom surface of the seat (3), and a lower end of the first movable arm (5). A first pivotal support (6) pivotally supporting the first movable arm (5) and an upper end of the first movable arm (5) 5 are pivotally supported on the bottom rigid plate (4A). A second pivotal support (7), a second movable arm (8) that supports the upper portion of the seat (3), and a second movable arm disposed at the upper end of the second movable arm (8). A third pivot (9) pivotally supporting the arm (8) and a lower end of the second movable arm (8) are pivotally supported by the rear rigid plate (4B). A fourth pivot (10), a guide (11) for guiding the third pivot (9), a backrest / extended seat (12) connected to the seat (3), A backrest / extended seat (12) and a link connecting the seat (3), and the seat (3) is moved to a reference position and driven by the first movable arm (5). advancing part of (3), characterized in that as well as expanding the area of the seating surface of said seat (3), it sets the height is lower position of the seat surface than the height of the seating surface of the position of the reference And
[0015]
[2] In the congestion degree / body type variable seat according to [1] above, the first pivot (6), the second pivot (7), the third pivot (9) and the fourth pivot Each of the support portions (10) includes a lock mechanism that can be locked at a predetermined angle .
[0016]
[3] In the congestion / body-type variable seat according to [1] or [2], the position of the seat (3) is a first position that serves as a reference position used when the vehicle is congested; The degree of congestion in the vehicle where the seat (3) moves forward is set to a second position used during normal times, and the third position used when the degree of congestion in the vehicle where the seat (3) further moves forward is used during quiet periods. It is characterized by that.
[0017]
[4] In a variable seat corresponding to the degree of congestion and body shape, a seat portion (23) disposed in a horizontal direction with respect to the floor (22) of the vehicle, and a rigid plate (24) provided on the bottom surface of the seat portion (23) A movable arm (25) that supports the bottom surface of the seat (23), and a first pivot (26) that pivotally supports the movable arm (25) disposed at the lower end of the movable arm (25). ), A second pivot part (27) which is disposed at the upper end of the movable arm (25) and pivotally supported by the rigid plate (24), and a backrest / expansion seat connected to the seat part (23) Part (28) and a link (29) for connecting the backrest / expanded seat part (28) and the seat part (23), and by pulling out the seat part (23) toward the front, 23) moves forward and at the same time connected to the rear part of the seat (23) by means of the link (29) The seat back 23 is expanded and the height of the seating surface is lowered by arranging the backrest / expansion seat (28) so as to fall down and become horizontal with the seat (23). It is characterized by setting .
[0018]
[5] The congestion-type corresponding variable seat according to [4], wherein, before Symbol first pivot portion (26) and a second pivot portion (27) is respectively provided with a lockable locking mechanism at a predetermined angle It is characterized by that.
[0019]
[ 6 ] In the congestion degree / body type variable seat according to [ 5 ], the position of the seat (23) is a first position used as a reference position when crowded in the vehicle, and the seat (23 ) Is set to the second position used when the degree of congestion in the vehicle where the vehicle moves forward is normal or when it is quiet.
[0020]
[7] In the variable seat corresponding to the degree of congestion / body shape, a seat portion (33) disposed in a horizontal direction with respect to the vehicle floor (32), a bottom surface rigid plate (34A) of the seat portion (33), and the rear A rigid plate (34) composed of a surface rigid plate (34B), a movable arm (35) supporting the upper portion of the rear rigid plate (34B) of the seat (33), and an upper end of the movable arm (35). first and pivot portion (36), disposed at the lower end of the movable arm (35), the second pivot portion which is pivotally supported on the surface portion rigid body plate after said seat (33) (34B) which is ( 37), a backrest / expansion seat (38) connected to the seat (33), and a link (39) connecting the backrest / extension seat (38) and the seat (33), When the vehicle is congested, the backrest / extended seat (38) is set perpendicular to the seat (33). When the degree of congestion in the vehicle is normal or quiet, the seat portion (33) moves forward by pulling the seat portion (33) forward, and at the same time, the link to the rear portion of the seat portion (33). The backrest / expansion seat (38) connected by (39) is pulled and placed horizontally with the seat (33), the seat (33) is expanded, and the height of the seat is increased. It is characterized in that it is set at a lower position .
[0021]
[8] In the congestion degree-type corresponding variable seat according to [4], wherein, before Symbol first pivot portion (26) and a second pivot portion (27) is respectively provided with a lockable locking mechanism at a predetermined angle It is characterized by that.
[0022]
[9] In the variable seat corresponding to the degree of congestion and body shape, the first seat (101) , the support rigid plate (102) that can be pulled out , the handle (103) of the support rigid plate (102), and the support rigid body a plate (102) guide portion (104), said first seat (101) folded onto tatami viewed possible second seat (105), said first seat (101) second A link (106) connecting the seat portion (105) and a backrest (107), and the second seat portion (105) on the first seat portion (101) when the vehicle is congested. Is folded, the seat surface is high, but the seat surface area (depth) is set to be narrow, and when the degree of congestion in the vehicle is normal or quiet, the handle of the support rigid plate (102) By pulling (103) to the front, from the guide portion (104) of the supporting rigid plate (102) Pull the serial supporting rigid plate (102), thereon was folded on the first seat (101), said being connected to said first seat (101) by said link (106) first spread 2 of the seat portion (105), and expanding the area of the seating surface, in that case, the height of the seat surface is, the height of the seating surface of the busy hour in the vehicle is set to a more lowered position It is characterized by.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
[0024]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a variable seat corresponding to a degree of congestion / body shape according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view thereof.
[0025]
In these drawings, 1 is an inner wall of a vehicle, 2 is a floor of the vehicle, 3 is a seat portion disposed in a horizontal direction with respect to the floor 2 of the vehicle, and 4 is a rigid body provided on the bottom surface and rear portion of the seat portion 3. 4A is a bottom rigid plate, 4B is a rear rigid plate, 5 is a first movable arm that supports the bottom portion of the seat portion 3, and 6 is a first movable arm that is disposed at the lower end of the first movable arm 5. The first pivotal support portion 7 that pivotally supports the movable arm 5, 7 is disposed at the upper end of the movable arm 5, the second pivotal support portion pivotally supported by the bottom rigid plate 4 </ b> A, and 8 is the upper portion of the seat portion 3. A second movable arm 9 for supporting the second movable arm 8, a third pivotal support portion pivotally supporting the second movable arm 8 disposed at the upper end of the second movable arm 8, and 10 a lower end of the second movable arm 8. 4 is a fourth pivot part that is pivotally supported by the rear rigid plate 4B, 11 is a guide part that guides the third pivot part 9, Back and extension seat portion connected to the seat portion 3, 13 is a link connecting the seat back and extension seat 12 and the seat 3. The first pivot 6, the second pivot 7, the third pivot 9, and the fourth pivot 10 each have a locking mechanism that can be locked at a predetermined angle.
[0026]
Therefore, when the commuting time zone is congested in the vehicle, the seat portion 3 is set at the first position as shown in FIGS. 1 (a) and 2 (a). That is, the first movable arm 5 is inclined by θ _{1 with} respect to the inner wall 1 of the vehicle, and the second movable arm 8 is substantially perpendicular to the seat portion 3. The seat portion 3 is secured with a height A of the seat surface of the higher seat portion 3 that matches the physique of the 20's to 50's, which is often in the commuting time zone. In this state, the seat is mainly fixed by the first to fourth pivot portions 6, 7, 9, 10 with a lock mechanism.
[0027]
Next, when the degree of congestion in the vehicle is normal, as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 2 (b), the seat portion 3 is pulled forward to advance. That is, the first second pivot portion 7 of the movable arm 5 also moves forward together with the seat portion 3, the inclination angle of the first movable arm 5 is theta ₂ becomes (θ _2> θ _1), the second movable arm 8 The third pivot part 9 is guided by the guide part 11 and moves downward, and the fourth pivot part 10 advances. Then, the height B of the seating surface becomes lower than the height A of the seating surface at the time of congestion. Even in this state, the seat is mainly fixed by the first to fourth pivot portions 6, 7, 9, and 10 with the lock mechanism.
[0028]
In addition, since the backrest / expanded seat 12 connected to the rear portion of the seat 3 is in an inclined state, it is possible to improve comfort when seated.
[0029]
Next, in the quiet time zone, as shown in FIGS. 1C and 2C, the seat portion 3 is further pulled out and advanced. That is, the first second pivot portion 7 of the movable arm 5 is also further forward, the inclination angle of the movable arm 5 is theta ₃ becomes (θ _3> θ _2), third pivot portion of the second movable arm 8 9 is guided by the guide part 11 and moves further downward, and the fourth pivotal support part 10 further advances. Then, the height C of the seating surface is lower than the height B of the seating surface at the normal time. At this stage, the backrest / expanded seat 12 connected to the rear portion of the seat 3 can be completely collapsed and used as an extended seating surface horizontal to the seat 3. Even in this state, the seat is mainly fixed by the first to fourth pivot portions 6, 7, 9, and 10 with the lock mechanism.
[0030]
Since it comprised in this way, since the area of the seat part of a seat can be narrowed at the time of congestion in a vehicle, a standing space can be increased, without reducing a seated number of persons. Further, since the height of the seat is increased, the throwing-out of the seated person's feet can be suppressed, and a standing space can be secured.
[0031]
Also, when the degree of congestion in the vehicle is normal, the seat area of the seat expands slightly, the seat surface height is lower than when crowded, and the backrest is also reclined, improving comfort Can be made.
[0032]
Furthermore, when the degree of congestion in the vehicle is low, the seat surface area of the seat portion can be maximized and the seat surface height can be set lower. Thereby, in particular, elderly people and infants can relax and use it.
[0033]
Of course, when the degree of congestion in the vehicle is low, it goes without saying that any one of the above three modes can be selected and used as appropriate.
[0034]
In the above-described embodiment, the degree of congestion in the vehicle is set so as to correspond to the three modes of congestion, normally, and quiet, whereas in the following examples, the degree of congestion in the vehicle is normal, or It shows what is set so that it can cope with two modes.
[0035]
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a variable seat corresponding to the degree of congestion / body shape showing a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a perspective view thereof.
[0036]
In these drawings, 21 is the inner wall of the vehicle, 22 is the floor of the vehicle, 23 is a seat disposed in a horizontal direction with respect to the floor 22 of the vehicle, 24 is a rigid plate provided on the bottom surface of the seat 23, 25 is a movable arm that supports the bottom surface of the seat 23, 26 is disposed at the lower end of the movable arm 25, a first pivotal portion that pivotally supports the movable arm 25, and 27 is disposed at the upper end of the movable arm 25. Reference numeral 28 denotes a second pivotal support portion pivotally supported by the rigid plate 24, reference numeral 28 denotes a backrest / expansion seat portion connected to the seat portion 23, and reference numeral 29 denotes a link connecting the backrest / extension seat portion 28 and the seat portion 23. The first pivot portion 26 and the second pivot portion 27 described above each have a lock mechanism that can be locked at a predetermined angle.
[0037]
Therefore, when the vehicle is congested, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 4A, the backrest / expanded seat 28 is set perpendicular to the seat 23. That is, the movable arm 25 is inclined by θ _{1 with} respect to the inner wall surface 21 of the vehicle. In this state, the seat is mainly fixed by the first pivot part 26 and the second pivot part 27 with a lock mechanism.
[0038]
Next, when the degree of congestion in the vehicle is normal or quiet, as shown in FIG. 3 (b) and FIG. 4 (b), the seat portion 23 is advanced by pulling the seat portion 23 forward, and at the same time, The seat 23 is expanded by placing the backrest / expansion seat 28 connected to the rear portion of the section 23 by the link 29 so as to fall down and become horizontal with the seat 23. That is, the second pivot portion 27 of the movable arm 25 is moved forward, the angle of inclination theta ₂ becomes (θ _2> θ _1), supporting the seat portion 23. The height B of the seating surface is lower than the height A of the seating surface when the vehicle is congested. Even in this state, the seat is mainly fixed by the first pivot part 26 and the second pivot part 27 with a lock mechanism.
[0039]
Here, the amount by which the seat 23 is pulled forward may be adjusted, and the backrest / expanded seat 28 connected to the rear of the seat 23 may be used in an oblique state. In that case, similar to the first embodiment, it is possible to correspond to three modes of the congestion degree in the vehicle, the normal time, and the quiet time.
[0040]
By comprising in this way, a seat part can be supported only with the movable arm of a seat lower part, and a structure can be simplified compared with 1st Example.
[0041]
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a variable seat corresponding to the degree of congestion / body shape showing a third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view thereof.
[0042]
In these drawings, 31 is an inner wall of the vehicle, 32 is a floor of the vehicle, 33 is a seat disposed in a horizontal direction with respect to the floor 32 of the vehicle, and 34 is a rigid body provided on the bottom and rear of the seat 33. The plate, 34A is a bottom rigid plate, 34B is a rear rigid plate, 35 is a movable arm that supports the upper portion of the rear rigid plate 34B of the seat 33, and 36 is a first arranged at the upper end of the movable arm 35. The pivot portion 37 is disposed at the lower end of the movable arm 35, and is a second pivot portion pivotally supported by the rear rigid plate 34B of the seat portion 33, and 38 is a backrest and extended seat portion connected to the seat portion 33. A link 39 connects the backrest / expanded seat 38 and the seat 33. The first pivot portion 36 and the second pivot portion 37 described above each have a lock mechanism that can be locked at a predetermined angle.
[0043]
Therefore, when the vehicle is congested, the backrest / extended seat 38 is set perpendicular to the seat 33, as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 6 (a). That is, the inclination angle of the movable arm 35 is θ ₁ . In this state, the seat is mainly fixed by the first pivot part 36 and the second pivot part 37 with a lock mechanism.
[0044]
Next, when the degree of congestion in the vehicle is normal or quiet, as shown in FIGS. 5B and 6B, the seat 33 moves forward by pulling the seat 33 forward, and at the same time, The backrest / expanded seat 38 connected to the rear portion of the seat 33 by a link 39 is pulled and arranged horizontally with the seat 33. Thereby, the seat part 33 is expanded. That is, the second pivot portion 37 of the movable arm 35 also moves forward, the inclination angle of the movable arm 35 is theta ₂ becomes (θ _2> θ _1), supporting the seat portion 33. The height B of the seating surface is lower than the height A of the seating surface when the vehicle is congested. Even in this state, the seat is mainly fixed by the first pivot part 36 and the second pivot part 37 with a lock mechanism.
[0045]
Here, the amount by which the seat portion 33 is pulled forward may be adjusted, and the backrest / expanded seat portion 38 connected to the rear portion of the seat portion 33 may be used in an oblique state. In that case, similar to the first embodiment, it is possible to correspond to three modes of the congestion degree in the vehicle, the normal time, and the quiet time.
[0046]
By comprising in this way, a seat part can be supported only by an upper movable arm, and a structure can be simplified more compared with the 1st example.
[0047]
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a variable seat corresponding to the degree of congestion / body shape showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8 is a perspective view thereof.
[0048]
In these drawings, 101 is a first seat portion, 102 is a support rigid plate that can be pulled out, 103 is a handle of the support rigid plate 102, 104 is a guide portion of the support rigid plate 102, and 105 is a first seat portion 101. A second seat foldable upward, 106 is a link connecting the first seat 101 and the second seat 105, and 107 is a backrest.
[0049]
According to this embodiment, when the vehicle is congested, the second seat 105 is folded on the first seat 101 as shown in FIGS. 7 (a) and 8 (b). Although the surface height A is high, the area (depth) of the seating surface is set narrow.
[0050]
Next, when the degree of congestion in the vehicle is normal or quiet, the support rigid plate is guided by pulling the handle 103 of the support rigid plate 102 toward the front as shown in FIGS. 7 (b) and 8 (b). The support rigid plate 102 is pulled out from the section 104, and the second seat 105 connected to the first seat 101 by the link 106, which is folded on the first seat 101, is spread over the seat 104. Extend the face. In that case, the height B of the seat surface is lower than the height A of the seat surface when the vehicle is congested.
[0051]
In this embodiment, the seat is mainly fixed by the guide portion 104 of the supporting rigid plate 102, but it goes without saying that a leg (not shown) can be provided on the guide portion 104.
[0052]
By configuring in this way, the area of the seating surface is narrowed when crowded in the vehicle, and the seating surface is set to a high aspect, and the area of the seating surface is expanded when the degree of congestion in the vehicle is normal or quiet, and It can be set to a low aspect of the seating surface.
[0053]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the said Example, A various deformation | transformation is possible based on the meaning of this invention, and they are not excluded from the scope of the present invention.
[0054]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
[0055]
It is not an alternative to store folding seats or use them as seats as in the past, but increase the standing space without reducing the number of seatable seats when crowded, and the area of the seat during normal and quiet times The seating comfort can be improved by reducing the height of the seating surface and lowering the seating surface.
[0056]
In this way, it is possible to provide an optimal seating mode in consideration of the user group and the usage pattern in the crowded time zone and the user class and the usage pattern in the normal time or in the quiet time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a congestion seat / body type variable seat according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a variable seat corresponding to the degree of congestion / body shape according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a congestion seat corresponding to a degree of congestion / body shape showing a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a variable seat corresponding to the degree of congestion / body shape according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a congestion seat / body type variable seat according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a congestion seat / body type variable seat according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a congestion seat / body type variable seat according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a congestion seat / body type variable seat according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 21, 31 Vehicle inner wall 2, 22, 32 Vehicle floor 3, 23, 33 Seat 4, 34 Rigid plate 4A, 34A Bottom plate 4B, 34B Rear plate provided on bottom and rear of seat Rigid plate 5, 8, 25, 35 Movable arm 6, 26, 36 First pivot 7, 7, 27 Second pivot 9 Third pivot 10 Fourth pivot 11 Guide 12, 28, 38 Back / Extended Seat 13, 29, 39, 106 Link 24 Rigid Plate Provided on Bottom of Seat 101 First Seat 102 Pullable Support Rigid Plate 103 Support Rigid Plate Handle 104 Support Rigid Plate Guide 105 Second seat 107 Backrest

Claims

(A) a seat (3) arranged horizontally with respect to the vehicle floor (2) ;
(B) a rigid plate (4) composed of a bottom rigid plate (4A) and a rear rigid plate (4B) of the seat (3);
A first movable arm for supporting a bottom portion of (c) said seat (3) (5),
(D) a first pivot portion (6) pivotally supporting the first movable arm (5) disposed at the lower end of the first movable arm (5);
(E) a second pivot (7) disposed at the upper end of the first movable arm (5) 5 and pivotally supported by the bottom rigid plate (4A);
(F) a second movable arm (8) supporting the upper portion of the seat (3);
(G) a third pivot (9) pivotally supporting the second movable arm (8) disposed at the upper end of the second movable arm (8);
(H) a fourth pivot (10) disposed at the lower end of the second movable arm (8) and pivotally supported by the rear rigid plate (4B);
(I) a guide part (11) for guiding the third pivot part (9);
(J) a backrest and extension seat (12) connected to the seat (3);
(K) The backrest and extended seat (12) and a link connecting the seat (3),
The (l) said seat (3), and the position of the reference, to advance the seat portion (3) by driving the first movable arm (5), the area of the seating surface of said seat (3) A variable-seat / body-variable variable seat characterized by being expanded and set at a position where the height of the seating surface is lower than the height of the seating surface at the reference position.

The variable-seat / body-type variable seat according to claim 1, wherein the first pivot (6), the second pivot (7), the third pivot (9) and the fourth pivot (10). Is equipped with a lock mechanism that can be locked at a predetermined angle .

3. The congestion degree / body type variable seat according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the position of the seat (3) is a first position that serves as a reference position used when the vehicle is crowded, and the seat (3) The congestion is characterized in that the congestion level in the vehicle traveling forward is set to the second position used during normal times, and the third position used for the congestion level in the vehicle where the seat (3) further moves forward is used during quiet periods. Adjustable seat for degree and body.

(A) a seat (23) arranged horizontally with respect to the vehicle floor (22);
(B) a rigid plate (24) provided on the bottom surface of the seat (23);
(C) a movable arm (25) that supports the bottom surface of the seat (23);
(D) a first pivot portion (26) that pivotally supports the movable arm (25) disposed at a lower end of the movable arm (25);
(E) a second pivot part (27) disposed at the upper end of the movable arm (25) and pivotally supported by the rigid plate (24);
(F) a backrest and extension seat (28) connected to the seat (23);
(G) a backrest / extended seat (28) and a link (29) connecting the seat (23);
(H) The seat portion (23) is advanced by pulling the seat portion (23) forward, and at the same time, the backrest / expanded seat portion connected to the rear portion of the seat portion (23) by the link (29). (28) is tilted and arranged so as to be horizontal with the seat (23), so that the seat 23 is expanded and the height of the seating surface is lowered. A variable seat for congestion and body shape.

In congestion-type corresponding variable seat according to claim 4, before Symbol first pivot portion (26) and a second pivot portion (27) respectively, characterized by comprising a lockable locking mechanism at a predetermined angle A variable seat for congestion and body shape.

In congestion-type corresponding variable seat according to claim 5, wherein the position of said seat (23), a first position which is a position of the reference used during congestion in a vehicle, said seat (23) is advanced A variable seat corresponding to the degree of congestion and body type, characterized in that the degree of congestion in the vehicle is set to the second position used during normal times or when it is quiet.

(A) a seat (33) disposed horizontally with respect to the vehicle floor (32);
(B) a rigid plate (34) composed of a bottom rigid plate (34A) and a rear rigid plate (34B) of the seat (33);
(C) a movable arm (35) that supports an upper portion of the rear rigid plate (34B) of the seat (33);
(D) a first pivot (36) disposed at the upper end of the movable arm (35);
(E) a second pivot portion (37) disposed at the lower end of the movable arm (35) and pivotally supported by the rear rigid plate (34B) of the seat portion (33);
(F) a backrest and extension seat (38) connected to the seat (33);
(G) a link (39) for connecting the backrest / extended seat (38) and the seat (33);
(H) When the vehicle is congested, the backrest / expanded seat (38) is set perpendicular to the seat (33). When the degree of congestion in the vehicle is normal or low, the seat (33) The seat (33) moves forward by pulling out the front, and at the same time, the backrest / expansion seat (38) connected to the rear part of the seat (33) by the link (39) is pulled and the seat (33) is pulled. A variable seat corresponding to the degree of congestion and body shape , which is disposed horizontally with the seat portion (33) and is set at a position where the seat portion (33) is expanded and the height of the seat surface is lowered .

(A) a first seat (101) ;
(B) a drawable support rigid plate (102);
(C) a handle (103) of the supporting rigid plate (102);
(D) a guide portion (104) of the supporting rigid plate (102);
(E) said first seat (101) folded onto tatami viewed possible second seat (105),
(F) a link (106) connecting the first seat (101) and the second seat (105);
(G) a backrest (107);
( H ) When the vehicle is crowded, the second seat (105) is folded on the first seat (101), and the seat surface is high, but the area of the seat (depth) ) Is set narrowly, and when the degree of congestion in the vehicle is normal or quiet, pulling the handle (103) of the support rigid plate (102) forward, the guide part (102) of the support rigid plate (102) 104), the support rigid plate (102) is pulled out and connected to the first seat (101) by the link (106), which is folded on the first seat (101). spread the second seat that are (105), to expand the area of the seat surface, in that case, the height of the seat surface at a position where the height of the seating surface of the busy hour in the vehicle is lower A variable seat that can be set for congestion and body type.