JP3977981B2 - Cogeneration system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention uses exhaust heat generated by a combined heat and power device such as a generator and a gas engine or a fuel cell to store hot water in a hot water storage tank in a state in which temperature stratification is formed, The present invention relates to a cogeneration system configured to perform heating such as floor heating.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, for example, in JP-A-10-185314, exhaust heat from a gas engine generator is recovered by an exhaust heat recovery device, and the recovered exhaust heat is applied to a hot water tank or other external load (for example, a floor heating device). As disclosed, it is disclosed that exhaust heat generated in the combined heat and power supply device as described above is used for hot water storage or other purposes.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of heating, generally, the room temperature is measured, heating is started when the measured room temperature becomes lower than the set temperature, and heating is stopped when the set temperature is exceeded. The heating operation is controlled by the request signal.
[0004]
In order to maintain the room temperature at the set temperature, the ON / OFF time interval of the heating / heating request signal has to be relatively short, and if the heat / power supply device is turned ON / OFF accordingly, the heat / power supply device The continuous operation time is short, and there is a disadvantage that the utilization efficiency of exhaust heat is low.
[0005]
That is, when using the exhaust heat from the combined heat and power supply device, since the housing of the combined heat and power supply device is large, the generated exhaust heat supplies the housing and the exhaust heat from the start of operation until a predetermined time. The amount of waste heat that can be absorbed and used by piping is low. When heating is performed in such a state where the amount of exhaust heat is small, the original energy saving and economic efficiency, which are the purpose of exhaust heat utilization, are impaired.
[0006]
This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and when the invention which concerns on Claim 1 has the heating request | requirement of heating, when the continuous operation time of a cogeneration apparatus can be ensured more than predetermined time, Heating is performed using only the exhaust heat, and heating is performed with the auxiliary heating means only when the exhaust heat of the combined heat and power supply is insufficient, avoiding excessive hot water storage by the auxiliary heating means, saving energy and economy The invention according to claim 2 is directed to the case where the required amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank at a specific time is specified in advance by a learning function or a reservation setting. It is intended to improve the energy saving and economic efficiency by heating using exhaust heat only when the continuous operation time of the combined heat and power supply unit can be secured for a predetermined time or more. The invention according to No. 3 performs additional cooking using exhaust heat only when a continuous operation time of the combined heat and power device can be secured for a predetermined time or more in consideration of additional cooking when there is a request for additional cooking of the bath, The purpose of the invention is to improve energy saving and economic efficiency, and the invention according to claim 4 is that the time elapses even if the exhaust heat of the combined heat and power supply is insufficient at the time when the heating request is made. In addition, when the continuous operation time of the combined heat and power unit can be secured for a predetermined time or more, the purpose is to make it possible to immediately use the exhaust heat of the combined heat and power unit and further improve energy saving and economy. And
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 1
A hot water storage tank that stores hot water in a state where a temperature stratification is formed by attaching a circulation pipe that is taken out from the lower part and supplied from the upper part,
Heating means provided in the circulation pipe for heating water taken out from the hot water storage tank;
A circulation pump which is provided in the circulation pipe and takes out water from the hot water storage tank and supplies hot water after heating to the hot water storage tank;
A branch pipe for circulation that is connected to the circulation pipe in parallel with the hot water storage tank and takes out the hot water that has passed through the heating means;
In the cogeneration system provided with the heat exchanger for heating, which is provided in the branch piping for circulation and is heated by the hot water heated by the heating means in response to the heating heating request signal, and supplied to the heating device,
The heating means comprises exhaust heat heating means using the exhaust heat of the combined heat and power supply device as a heat source, and auxiliary heating means using a dedicated heat source having a high heating capacity,
A hot water storage amount detecting means provided in the hot water storage tank for detecting the hot water storage amount of the hot water in the hot water storage tank;
Hot water storage capacity calculation means for subtracting the hot water storage amount calculated by the hot water storage amount detection means from the total capacity of the hot water storage tank in response to the heating / heating request signal to calculate the hot water storage capacity of the hot water storage tank; ,
Exhaust heat heating time calculating means for calculating an exhaust heat heating time sufficient to obtain a heating amount for the hot water storage possible hot water amount calculated by the hot water storage hot water amount calculating means by the exhaust heat heating means,
Heating capacity detecting means for detecting that the heating heating required capacity of the heating device is larger than the exhaust heat heating capacity of the exhaust heat heating means and outputting a priority auxiliary heating signal;
The waste heat heating time is longer than the waste heat continuous operation time by comparing the waste heat heating time calculated by the waste heat heating time calculation means with the waste heat continuous operation time sufficient to make use of the characteristics of the combined heat and power supply device. Comparing means that sometimes outputs an exhaust heat heating signal and outputs an auxiliary heating signal when short,
In response to an exhaust heat heating signal from the comparison means in a state where a priority auxiliary heating signal is not output from the heating capacity detection means, an operation permission signal of the exhaust heat heating means is output, and the heating heating request signal is Even after stopping, the operation permission signal is stopped after heating the amount of hot water that can be stored, and the auxiliary heating means is started in response to the priority auxiliary heating signal and the auxiliary heating signal, and the heating heating request signal is stopped. And a heating control means for stopping the operation of the auxiliary heating means in response.
[0008]
Here, the exhaust heat continuous operation time sufficient to make use of the characteristics of the combined heat and power supply apparatus is set by the combined heat and power supply apparatus used.
In other words, exhaust heat recovery efficiency and power generation efficiency are obtained from the rising state of exhaust heat temperature from the start of operation according to the volume of the casing and the continuous operation time after the start, and energy saving and economic efficiency are obtained from them. The continuous operation time as a whole which is useful from the aspect is set as the exhaust heat continuous operation time.
[0009]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 2
A hot water storage tank that stores hot water in a state where a temperature stratification is formed by attaching a circulation pipe that is taken out from the lower part and supplied from the upper part,
Heating means provided in the circulation pipe for heating water taken out from the hot water storage tank;
A circulation pump which is provided in the circulation pipe and takes out water from the hot water storage tank and supplies hot water after heating to the hot water storage tank;
A branch pipe for circulation that is connected to the circulation pipe in parallel with the hot water storage tank and takes out the hot water that has passed through the heating means;
In the cogeneration system provided with the heat exchanger for heating, which is provided in the branch piping for circulation and is heated by the hot water heated by the heating means in response to the heating heating request signal, and supplied to the heating device,
The heating means comprises exhaust heat heating means using the exhaust heat of the combined heat and power supply device as a heat source, and auxiliary heating means using a dedicated heat source having a high heating capacity,
A hot water storage amount detecting means provided in the hot water storage tank for detecting the hot water storage amount of the hot water in the hot water storage tank;
Hot water storage capacity calculation means for subtracting the hot water storage amount calculated by the hot water storage amount detection means from the total capacity of the hot water storage tank in response to the heating / heating request signal to calculate the hot water storage capacity of the hot water storage tank; ,
Exhaust heat heating time calculating means for calculating an exhaust heat heating time sufficient to obtain a heating amount for the hot water storage possible hot water amount calculated by the hot water storage hot water amount calculating means by the exhaust heat heating means,
Heating capacity detecting means for detecting that the heating heating required capacity of the heating device is larger than the exhaust heat heating capacity of the exhaust heat heating means and outputting a priority auxiliary heating signal;
The required amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank at a specific time is specified in advance,
In response to the heating / heating request signal, a time difference calculating means for calculating a time difference between that time and the most recent specific time thereafter;
A time difference calculated by the time difference calculation means and a preemption time set in consideration of the influence of heat radiation, and a preemption means for outputting a prefetch signal when the time difference is smaller than the preemption time;
In response to the prefetch signal, required heating time calculation means for calculating a necessary heating time sufficient to obtain the necessary hot water storage amount at the most recent specific time by the exhaust heat heating means,
An allowable heating time calculating means for calculating an allowable heating time by adding the required heating time calculated by the required heating time calculating means to the exhaust heat heating time calculated by the exhaust heat heating time calculating means;
When the allowable heating time is longer than the exhaust heat continuous operation time by comparing the allowable heating time calculated by the allowable heating time calculating means and the exhaust heat continuous operation time, an exhaust heat heating signal is output and assisted A second comparison means for outputting a heating signal;
In response to an exhaust heat heating signal from the second comparison means in a state where no priority auxiliary heating signal is output from the heating capacity detection means, an operation permission signal of the exhaust heat heating means is output, and the heating heating Even if the request signal is stopped, the operation permission signal is stopped after heating the amount of hot water that has been added to the amount of hot water that can be stored, and the auxiliary heating means is responsive to the priority auxiliary heating signal and the auxiliary heating signal. And a second heating control unit that starts and stops the operation of the auxiliary heating unit in response to the stop of the heating / heating request signal.
[0010]
The required hot water storage amount in the hot water storage tank at a specific time is specified in advance, for example, by a learning function, specified by the fluctuation pattern of the required hot water storage amount on the same day of the previous day or one week ago, or a schedule timer such as a reservation function It is specified by the fluctuation pattern of the required hot water storage amount set in.
[0011]
The pre-emption time set in consideration of the effects of heat dissipation is the time from when the hot water in the hot water storage tank is scheduled to be used to the time when the hot water is stored in the hot water tank. The time until the time when the loss due to is not a problem is set.
[0012]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 3
A hot water storage tank that stores hot water in a state where a temperature stratification is formed by attaching a circulation pipe that is taken out from the lower part and supplied from the upper part,
Heating means provided in the circulation pipe for heating water taken out from the hot water storage tank;
A circulation pump which is provided in the circulation pipe and takes out water from the hot water storage tank and supplies hot water after heating to the hot water storage tank;
A branch pipe for circulation that is connected to the circulation pipe in parallel with the hot water storage tank and takes out the hot water that has passed through the heating means;
In the cogeneration system provided with the heat exchanger for heating, which is provided in the branch piping for circulation and is heated by the hot water heated by the heating means in response to the heating heating request signal, and supplied to the heating device,
The heating means comprises exhaust heat heating means using the exhaust heat of the combined heat and power supply device as a heat source, and auxiliary heating means using a dedicated heat source having a high heating capacity,
A hot water storage amount detecting means provided in the hot water storage tank for detecting the hot water storage amount of the hot water in the hot water storage tank;
Hot water storage capacity calculation means for subtracting the hot water storage amount calculated by the hot water storage amount detection means from the total capacity of the hot water storage tank in response to the heating / heating request signal to calculate the hot water storage capacity of the hot water storage tank; ,
Exhaust heat heating time calculating means for calculating an exhaust heat heating time sufficient to obtain a heating amount for the hot water storage possible hot water amount calculated by the hot water storage hot water amount calculating means by the exhaust heat heating means,
Heating capacity detecting means for detecting that the heating heating required capacity of the heating device is larger than the exhaust heat heating capacity of the exhaust heat heating means and outputting a priority auxiliary heating signal;
A heat exchanger for reheating that is provided in the branch piping for circulation and circulates and heats the hot water in the bathtub in response to the reheating signal;
A bathtub temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of hot water in the bathtub;
A hot water sensor for measuring the amount of hot water in the bathtub;
Boiling temperature setting means for setting the boiling temperature of hot water in the bathtub;
In response to the chasing signal, the temperature of the hot water in the bathtub measured by the bathtub temperature sensor, the boiling temperature set by the boiling temperature setting means, and the bathtub measured by the hot water amount sensor Boil-up time calculating means for calculating a boil-up time to obtain a reheating amount required to reach a boil-up temperature when heated by the exhaust heat heating means based on the amount of hot water in the inside,
Reheating / hot water heating time calculating means for calculating the reheating / hot water heating time by adding the boiling time calculated by the boiling time calculating means to the exhaust heat heating time calculated by the exhaust heat heating time calculating means; ,
Comparing the reheating / hot water heating time calculated by the reheating / hot water heating time calculation means with the exhaust heat continuous operation time, and exhaust heat heating when the reheating / hot water heating time is longer than the exhaust heat continuous operation time. A third comparing means for outputting a signal and outputting an auxiliary heating signal at a short time;
In response to an exhaust heat heating signal from the third comparison means in a state where no priority auxiliary heating signal is output from the heating capacity detection means, an operation permission signal of the exhaust heat heating means is output, and the heating heating Even if the request signal is stopped, the operation permission signal is stopped after heating for the amount of reheat added to the amount of hot water that can be stored, and the auxiliary heating means is responsive to the priority auxiliary heating signal and the auxiliary heating signal. And a third heating control unit that starts and stops the operation of the auxiliary heating unit in response to the stop of the heating / heating request signal.
[0013]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 4
In addition to the configuration of the cogeneration system according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3, auxiliary heating until the heating heating request signal is stopped in the operating state of the auxiliary heating means in response to the auxiliary heating signal When the signal is switched to the exhaust heat heating signal, the operation of the auxiliary heating means is stopped and the exhaust heat heating means is activated.
[0014]
[Action]
According to the configuration of the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 1, when the heating / heating request signal is output, the amount of hot water actually stored in the hot water storage tank, that is, the hot water storage amount is subtracted from the total capacity of the hot water storage tank. Find the amount of hot water that can be stored in the hot water storage tank.
Obtain the exhaust heat heating time required to obtain the amount of hot water that can be stored with the exhaust heat heating means, compare the exhaust heat heating time with the exhaust heat continuous operation time sufficient to make use of the characteristics of the combined heat and power supply, and store hot water When the exhaust heat heating means is operated to obtain the amount of hot water, it is judged whether it is useful in terms of energy saving and economy, and when it is judged useful, an operation permission signal for the exhaust heat heating means is output. The exhaust heat can be used for heating in a state where the operation of the exhaust heat heating means is allowed and the utility in terms of energy saving and economy is ensured.
Also, when the exhaust heat heating time is shorter than the exhaust heat continuous operation time or when the heating heating required capacity is larger than the exhaust heat heating capacity of the exhaust heat heating means, the auxiliary heating means is activated and the heating heating request signal is stopped. Along with this, the operation of the auxiliary heating means is stopped.
[0015]
In addition, according to the configuration of the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 2, the learning function or the reservation function, etc., specify that hot water for bathing or washing or drying of tableware is necessary. When the required hot water storage amount in the hot water storage tank at the time is specified in advance, it is known from the point of time that the required hot water storage amount is obtained within the preemptive time when heat dissipation does not become a problem based on the heating / heating request signal The required heating time for obtaining the necessary hot water storage amount with the exhaust heat heating means was obtained, and the exhaust heat heating time necessary for obtaining the required hot water amount with the exhaust heat heating means was added to the required heating time, and obtained. Compare the allowable heating time with the exhaust heat continuous operation time sufficient to make use of the characteristics of the combined heat and power system, and determine whether it is useful from the aspect of energy saving and economy when operating the exhaust heat heating means. When it is determined that the exhaust heat heating means is operating, the exhaust heat heating means is allowed to operate and the exhaust heat heating means is allowed to operate, and the exhaust heat is heated in a state of securing the usefulness in terms of energy saving and economy. Can be used.
When the allowable heating time is shorter than the exhaust heat continuous operation time or when the heating heating required capacity is larger than the exhaust heat heating capacity of the exhaust heat heating means, the auxiliary heating means is activated and the heating heating request signal is stopped. Stop the auxiliary heating means.
[0016]
Further, according to the configuration of the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 3, when the reheating signal is output, the boiling time required for obtaining the reheating amount required at that time by the exhaust heat heating means is increased. The exhaust heat heating time required to obtain the amount of hot water that can be stored with the exhaust heat heating means is added to the boiling time, and the exhaust heat that is sufficient to make use of the obtained reheating and hot water storage time and the characteristics of the combined heat and power unit Compared with the continuous operation time, when operating the exhaust heat heating means, it is judged whether it is useful from the aspect of energy saving and economy, and if it is judged useful, the operation permission signal of the exhaust heat heating means is It is possible to output and allow the operation of the exhaust heat heating means, and the exhaust heat can be used for tracking in a state in which usefulness in terms of energy saving and economy is secured.
In addition, when the reheating / hot water storage heating time is shorter than the exhaust heat continuous operation time or the heating heating required capacity is larger than the exhaust heat heating capacity of the exhaust heat heating means, the auxiliary heating means is activated and the heating heating request signal The operation of the auxiliary heating means is stopped along with the stop.
[0017]
Further, according to the configuration of the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 4, when there is a heating heating request, the exhaust heat of the combined heat and power supply device is insufficient and an auxiliary heating signal is output, and the auxiliary heating means is operated. However, when the auxiliary heating signal is switched to the exhaust heat heating signal before the heating heating request signal is stopped, the operation of the auxiliary heating means is stopped and the exhaust heat heating means is started.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a cogeneration system according to the present invention, in which a combined heat and power supply device 1 and a hot water storage hot water supply device 2 configured to drive a generator by a gas engine include jacket cooling water. It connects via the circulation piping 3 and the 1st heat exchanger 4, and is comprised so that the waste heat from the cogeneration apparatus 1 can be utilized for hot water storage, hot water supply, and heating. The jacket cooling water circulation pipe 3 and the first heat exchanger 4 are configured to utilize the exhaust heat from the combined heat and power supply apparatus 1 and are referred to as exhaust heat heating means (described later with reference to FIGS. 2, 3 and 4). In each case, the exhaust heat heating means is shown as the figure number of the exhaust heat heating means for the sake of convenience).
[0019]
The hot water storage water heater 2 includes a hot water storage tank 5, an auxiliary heat source unit 6, and a makeup water tank 7.
A circulation pipe 9 including a circulation pump 8 is provided from the lower part to the upper part of the hot water storage tank 5, and the first heat exchanger 4 and the auxiliary heat source unit 6 are provided in series in the circulation pipe 9.
[0020]
With the above configuration, water is taken out from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 5 and heated by exhaust heat from the combined heat and power supply device 1, and hot water after the heating is supplied from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 5 to form a temperature stratification. Is supposed to do.
[0021]
The circulation pipe 9 is provided with a flow sensor 10 and a flow control valve 11.
The auxiliary heat source unit 6 is configured to burn and heat with city gas as a dedicated heat source having a high heating capacity, and when the heating by the exhaust heat from the combined heat and power supply apparatus 1 is not performed or in combination, the auxiliary heat source unit 6 It is configured to perform heating and obtain hot water for hot water storage, hot water supply and heating. The exhaust heat heating means and the auxiliary heat source unit 6 constitute a heating means for heating the water taken out from the hot water storage tank 5.
[0022]
An output circulation pipe 13 is connected to the circulation pipe 9 in parallel with the first heat exchanger 4 and the auxiliary heat source unit 6, and a heating heat exchanger 14 and a reheating heat exchanger are connected to the output circulation pipe 13. 15 is provided.
[0023]
The heating heat exchanger 14 is connected to a first pump-equipped pipe 16 in a state of being connected to the makeup water tank 7, and the first pump-equipped pipe 16 is illustrated via a take-out header 17 and a return header 18. Heating devices such as floor heaters and indoor heaters, and bathroom dryers are not connected.
[0024]
A temperature sensor (not shown) that measures the temperature of hot water flowing therethrough upstream of the heating heat exchanger 14 of the output circulation pipe 13 or downstream of the heating heat exchanger 14 of the first pump-equipped pipe 16. And a comparator that compares the hot water temperature measured by the temperature sensor with the set temperature. When the hot water temperature is lower than the set temperature, that is, the heating heating capacity of the heating device is eliminated. The heating capacity detecting means 12 (FIGS. 2, 3 and 3) outputs a priority auxiliary heating signal when it is detected that the exhaust heat heating capacity by the exhaust heat from the combined heat and power supply device 1 serving as the heat heating means is increased. (See FIG. 4).
[0025]
The reheating heat exchanger 15 is connected to a bathtub 20 via a second pipe 19 with a pump, and is configured to reheat.
The second pump-equipped pipe 19 includes a pressure sensor 21a as a hot water amount sensor for measuring the actual amount of hot water stored in the bathtub 20 and a bathtub temperature sensor 21b for measuring the temperature of hot water in the bathtub 20. Is provided.
[0026]
In parallel with the circulation pipe 9 and the output circulation pipe 13, a hot water supply pipe 22 is connected to the hot water storage tank 5, and a distribution valve 22a, a flow rate control valve 22b, a flow rate sensor 22c, and an on-off valve 22d are provided in the hot water supply pipe 22. A hot water supply pipe 22 is connected to the second pumped pipe 19. Thereby, it is comprised so that hot water of desired temperature can be supplied in the bathtub 20 via the hot water supply pipe 22 and the 2nd piping 19 with a pump from the hot water storage tank 5, ie, hot water filling can be performed.
[0027]
A shower pipe 22 e connected to the shower is connected to a midpoint of the hot water supply pipe 22. A water supply pipe 23 is connected to the distribution valve 22a, and the hot water temperature at the time of filling can be adjusted by adjusting the distribution ratio between the amount of hot water and the amount of water supply.
[0028]
Five temperature sensors 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, and 24e are provided in the hot water storage tank 5 at intervals in the vertical direction. For example, depending on the position of the temperature sensor that senses a set temperature such as 80 ° C., Hot water storage amount detection means 25 (see FIG. 2) for detecting the hot water storage amount is configured.
[0029]
A touch panel attached to a side wall of a bathroom (not shown) is provided with a boiling temperature setting means 26 (see FIG. 4) for setting a boiling temperature when reheating. Further, the touch panel is provided with a tracking switch section, and a tracking signal is output by an operation on the tracking switch section.
[0030]
As shown in the block diagram of the first embodiment of FIG. 2, the heating capacity detecting means 12 and the hot water storage amount detecting means 25 are connected to a microcomputer 27, and the microcomputer 27 is connected to the microcomputer 27 as a waste heat heating means. And an auxiliary heat source unit 6 serving as auxiliary heating means.
[0031]
The microcomputer 27 is provided with hot water storage capacity calculation means 28, exhaust heat heating time calculation means 29, comparison means 30, and heating control means 31.
[0032]
The above-described heating device is provided with an indoor thermostat for measuring the room temperature, and is turned on / off by comparison with the set temperature, and outputs a heating / heating request signal when the temperature becomes lower than the set temperature.
[0033]
The hot water storage capacity calculation means 28 subtracts the hot water storage amount calculated by the hot water storage detection means 25 from the total capacity of the hot water storage tank 5 in response to the heating / heating request signal to calculate the hot water storage capacity to the hot water storage tank 5. It is supposed to be.
[0034]
The exhaust heat heating time calculation means 29 calculates an exhaust heat heating time sufficient to obtain the heating amount equivalent to the hot water storage hot water amount calculated by the hot water storage hot water amount calculation means 28 by the combined heat and power supply device 1 as the exhaust heat heating means. It has become.
[0035]
The comparison means 30 compares the exhaust heat heating time calculated by the exhaust heat heating time calculation means 29 with the exhaust heat continuous operation time sufficient to make use of the characteristics of the combined heat and power supply device 1, and the exhaust heat heating time is continuously exhausted. The exhaust heat heating signal is output when it is longer than the operation time, and the auxiliary heating signal is output when it is short.
[0036]
The exhaust heat continuous operation time is set so as to take advantage of the characteristics of the combined heat and power supply device 1 according to the combined heat and power supply device 1 used.
That is, the exhaust heat recovery efficiency and the power generation efficiency are obtained from the rising state of the exhaust heat temperature from the start of operation according to the volume of the casing constituting the combined heat and power supply apparatus 1 and the continuous operation time after the start, The overall continuous operation time that is useful in terms of energy saving and economy is set as the exhaust heat continuous operation time.
[0037]
The heating control means 31 permits the operation of the cogeneration apparatus 1 as the exhaust heat heating means in response to the exhaust heat heating signal from the comparison means 30 in a state where the priority auxiliary heating signal is not output from the heating capacity detection means 12. Even if the heating output signal is output and the heating / heating request signal is stopped, the operation permission signal is stopped after heating for the amount of hot water that can be stored.
Further, the auxiliary heat source unit 6 is activated (fuel gas is combusted) in response to the priority auxiliary heating signal from the heating capacity detecting means 12 and the auxiliary heating signal from the comparing means 30 and responds to the stop of the heating heating request signal. Thus, the operation of the auxiliary heat source unit 6 is stopped.
[0038]
Further, even when the auxiliary heat source device 6 is operated in response to the auxiliary heating signal, the signal from the comparison means 30 changes from the auxiliary heating signal to the exhaust heat heating signal until the heating heating request signal is stopped. When switched, the operation of the auxiliary heat source unit 6 is stopped and the combined heat and power supply device 1 as exhaust heat heating means is started.
[0039]
Thereby, when the exhaust heat continuous operation time sufficient to make use of the characteristics of the combined heat and power supply device 1 can be ensured, the exhaust heat from the combined heat and power supply device 1 can be used for heating, and the thermal energy and economy can be improved. In addition, when a large number of heating devices are used at the same time and the heating / heating required capacity rapidly increases and the exhaust heat from the combined heat and power supply device 1 is insufficient, the auxiliary heat source unit 6 can be preferentially operated and dealt with, and it is easy to use. It is structured in a good system. The same applies to the embodiments described later.
[0040]
In addition, either of the following 2 forms is employ | adopted as a driving | running operation | movement in response to the driving | operation permission signal mentioned above. This also applies to the following embodiments.
(1) The cogeneration apparatus 1 and the circulation pump 8 are operated in response to the operation permission signal.
(2) In response to the operation permission signal, it is determined whether the power load is larger than a predetermined set value. If the power load is larger than the set value, the cogeneration apparatus 1 and the circulation pump 8 are operated, If the electric power load is smaller than the set value, the electric power generated by the combined heat and power supply device 1 is discarded without being consumed, and is wasted. Therefore, even if the operation permission signal is received, the combined heat and power supply device 1 and the circulation pump The economy is improved by not driving the 8.
[0041]
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the second embodiment.
For example, the learning function allows you to enter the hot water storage tank at a specific time specified by the fluctuation pattern of the required hot water volume on the same day the previous day or the week before, or the fluctuation pattern of the required hot water volume set by the schedule timer such as the reservation function. The required amount of stored hot water is stored in the memory 32. The memory 32 and the clock 33 are connected to the microcomputer 27, and the microcomputer 27 is connected to the combined heat and power supply device 1 as exhaust heat heating means. Yes.
[0042]
The microcomputer 27 includes an exhaust heat heating time calculating means 29, a time difference calculating means 34, a prefetching means 35, a required heating time calculating means 36, an allowable heating time calculating means 37, a second comparing means 38, and a second heating control means. 39 is provided.
[0043]
The waste heat heating time calculation means 29 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the exhaust sufficient to obtain the heating amount equivalent to the hot water storage hot water amount calculated by the hot water storage hot water amount calculation means 28 by the combined heat and power supply device 1 as the exhaust heat heating means. The heating time is calculated.
[0044]
In response to the heating / heating request signal, the time difference calculating means 34 specifies in advance the time when it is input from the clock 33 and the necessary amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 5 thereafter input from the memory 32. The time difference from the most recent specific time is calculated.
[0045]
The prefetch means 35 compares the time difference calculated by the time difference calculation means 34 with the prefetch time set in consideration of the influence of heat radiation, and outputs a prefetch signal when the time difference is smaller than the prefetch time. It has become.
[0046]
The pre-emption time set in consideration of the effect of heat dissipation is the time from when the hot water in the hot water storage tank 5 is scheduled to be used until the time when the hot water is stored in the hot water storage tank 5 to the heat dissipation. A time (for example, 10 minutes) until the time when the loss due to is not a problem is set.
[0047]
The required heating time calculation means 36 is configured to calculate a required heating time sufficient to obtain the required hot water storage amount at the most recent specific time in the combined heat and power supply device 1 as the exhaust heat heating means in response to the prefetch signal. .
[0048]
The allowable heating time calculation unit 37 calculates the allowable heating time by adding the required heating time calculated by the required heating time calculation unit 36 to the exhaust heat heating time calculated by the exhaust heat heating time calculation unit 29. ing.
[0049]
The second comparison means 38 compares the allowable heating time calculated by the allowable heating time calculation means 37 with the exhaust heat continuous operation time, and when the allowable heating time is longer than the exhaust heat continuous operation time, the exhaust heat heating signal. And an auxiliary heating signal is output at a short time.
[0050]
The second heating control means 39 responds to the exhaust heat heating signal from the second comparison means 38 in a state where the priority auxiliary heating signal is not output from the heating capacity detection means 12 and the thermoelectric as the exhaust heat heating means. Even if the operation permission signal of the co-feed device 1 is output and the heating / heating request signal is stopped, the operation is stopped after the heating is performed by adding the necessary amount of hot water to the amount of hot water that can be stored.
Further, the auxiliary heat source unit 6 is activated (fuel gas is burned) in response to the priority auxiliary heating signal from the heating capacity detecting means 12 and the auxiliary heating signal from the second comparison means 38, and the heating heating request signal is stopped. In response to this, the operation of the auxiliary heat source unit 6 is stopped.
[0051]
Even when the auxiliary heat source unit 6 is operating in response to the auxiliary heating signal, the signal from the second comparison means 38 is exhausted from the auxiliary heating signal until the heating heating request signal is stopped. When the heating signal is switched, the operation of the auxiliary heat source machine 6 is stopped and the combined heat and power supply device 1 as the exhaust heat heating means is started.
[0052]
According to the second embodiment, it is understood that hot water in the hot water storage tank 5 is used immediately after the exhaust heat continuous operation time cannot be secured at the time when the heating / heating request signal is output. In such a case, the exhaust heat continuous operation time can be ensured by considering that amount, and the exhaust heat from the combined heat and power supply device 1 can be used for heating, thereby improving thermal energy and economy.
[0053]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a third embodiment.
The hot water amount sensor (pressure sensor) 21a, the bathtub temperature sensor 21b, and the boiling temperature setting means 25 are connected to a microcomputer 27, and the microcomputer 27 is connected to the cogeneration apparatus 1 serving as exhaust heat heating means.
[0054]
The microcomputer 27 includes exhaust heat heating time calculation means 29, boiling-up time calculation means 40, reheating hot water storage / heating time calculation means 41, third comparison means 42, and third heating control means 43. .
[0055]
The waste heat heating time calculation means 29 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the exhaust sufficient to obtain the heating amount equivalent to the hot water storage hot water amount calculated by the hot water storage hot water amount calculation means 28 by the combined heat and power supply device 1 as the exhaust heat heating means. The heating time is calculated.
[0056]
The boiling time calculating means 40 responds to the chasing signal, the temperature of the hot water in the bathtub 20 measured by the bathtub temperature sensor 21b, the boiling temperature set by the boiling temperature setting means 26, and a hot water amount sensor. (Pressure sensor) The boiling time for obtaining the amount of reheating required to reach the boiling temperature when heated by the combined heat and power supply device 1 as the exhaust heat heating means based on the amount of hot water in the bathtub 20 measured by the pressure sensor 21a. Is calculated.
[0057]
The reheating / hot water heating time calculating means 41 adds the boiling time calculated by the boiling time calculating means 40 to the exhaust heat heating time calculated by the exhaust heat heating time calculating means 29 to add the boiling / hot water heating time. Is calculated.
[0058]
The third comparison means 42 compares the reheating / hot water heating time calculated by the reheating / hot water heating time calculation means 41 with the exhaust heat continuous operation time to compare the reheating / hot water heating time with the exhaust heat continuous operation time. When it is longer, the exhaust heat heating signal is output, and when it is shorter, the auxiliary heating signal is output.
[0059]
The third heating control means 43 responds to the exhaust heat heating signal from the third comparison means 42 in the state where the priority auxiliary heating signal is not output from the heating capacity detection means 12 and the thermoelectric as the exhaust heat heating means. The operation permission signal of the co-feeder 1 is output, and even if the heating / heating request signal is stopped, the operation permission signal is stopped after heating for the amount of hot water that can be stored is added.
In addition, the auxiliary heat source unit 6 is started (fuel gas is burned) in response to the priority auxiliary heating signal from the heating capacity detection unit 12 and the auxiliary heating signal from the third comparison unit 42, and the heating heating request signal is stopped. In response to this, the operation of the auxiliary heat source unit 6 is stopped.
[0060]
Further, even when the auxiliary heat source device 6 is operated in response to the auxiliary heating signal, the signal from the third comparison means 42 is exhausted from the auxiliary heating signal until the heating heating request signal is stopped. When the heating signal is switched, the operation of the auxiliary heat source machine 6 is stopped and the combined heat and power supply device 1 as the exhaust heat heating means is started.
[0061]
According to the third embodiment, when the exhaust heat continuous operation time sufficient to make use of the characteristics of the combined heat and power supply device 1 can be secured, the exhaust heat from the combined heat and power supply device 1 is used for tracking, Economic efficiency can be improved.
[0062]
As the present invention, the cogeneration system may be configured by including all of the first embodiment, the second embodiment, and the third embodiment.
[0063]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above description, according to the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 1, when there is a heating request, the indoor thermostat is turned off when the exhaust heat heating means is operated only by that. The operation of the exhaust heat heating means is stopped in a short time, and continuous exhaust heat operation time sufficient to take advantage of the characteristics of the combined heat and power supply device cannot be secured, but at that time, heating time longer than the exhaust heat continuous operation time is required When the amount of hot water that can be stored is only in the hot water storage tank, the exhaust heat heating means is activated and heating is performed using the exhaust heat, so that energy saving and economic efficiency can be improved.
Moreover, even if the exhaust heat heating time is shorter than the exhaust heat continuous operation time and the auxiliary heating means is activated, the operation of the auxiliary heating means is stopped in accordance with the stop of the heating heating request signal. When the exhaust heat is insufficient, and when the heating / heating required capacity is larger than the exhaust heat heating capacity of the exhaust heat heating means, heating is performed with the auxiliary heating means to avoid excessive hot water storage by the auxiliary heating means, Energy saving and economic efficiency can be further improved.
[0064]
In addition, according to the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 2, at a specific time, for example, hot water for a bathtub or washing or drying of dishes is required by a learning function or a reservation function. When the required amount of hot water storage in the hot water storage tank is specified in advance, the specified time is the latest and the problem of heat dissipation loss does not occur, and the heating time required to obtain the required hot water storage amount with the exhaust heat heating means When the allowable heating time, which is the sum of the exhaust heat heating time required to obtain the amount of hot water that can be stored by the exhaust heat heating means, is equal to or longer than the exhaust heat continuous operation time, activate the exhaust heat heating means and use the exhaust heat. Since heating is performed, even when the heating time longer than the exhaust heat continuous operation time cannot be ensured only by the amount of hot water that can be stored in the hot water storage tank, the exhaust heat can be used for heating, and energy saving and economy can be further improved.
Moreover, even if the allowable heating time is shorter than the exhaust heat continuous operation time and the auxiliary heating means is started, the operation of the auxiliary heating means is stopped when the heating heating request signal is stopped. Only when heat is insufficient and when the heating / heating required capacity is larger than the exhaust heat heating capacity of the exhaust heat heating means, heating is performed by the auxiliary heating means, avoiding excessive hot water storage by the auxiliary heating means, and saving energy And economy can be further improved.
[0065]
Further, according to the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 3, when a reheating signal is output and a request for reheating the bath is made, a reheating amount required at that time is obtained by the exhaust heat heating means. Reheating and hot water storage time, which is the sum of the boiling time and the waste heat heating time required to obtain the amount of hot water that can be stored with the waste heat heating means, is utilized in the boiling time. When the exhaust heat continuous operation time is sufficient, the exhaust heat heating means is activated and additional cooking is performed using the exhaust heat, so the amount of hot water that can be stored in the hot water storage tank alone is longer than the continuous exhaust heat operation time. Even when time cannot be secured, exhaust heat can be used for tracking and energy saving and economic efficiency can be further improved.
Moreover, even if the auxiliary heating means is activated because the reheating and hot water storage heating time is shorter than the exhaust heat continuous operation time, the operation of the auxiliary heating means is stopped when the heating heating request signal is stopped. Only when the exhaust heat of the device is insufficient and when the heating / heating required capacity is larger than the exhaust heat heating capacity of the exhaust heat heating means, heating is performed with the auxiliary heating means to avoid excessive hot water storage by the auxiliary heating means. In addition, energy saving and economic efficiency can be further improved.
[0066]
According to the cogeneration system of the invention according to claim 4, when there is a heating request for heating, the exhaust heat of the combined heat and power supply device is insufficient, and during the heating by the auxiliary heating means, from the auxiliary heating signal When switching to the exhaust heat heating signal, the operation of the auxiliary heating means is stopped and the exhaust heat heating means is started and the exhaust heat is used for heating. Even when the above can be secured, the exhaust heat of the combined heat and power supply can be used immediately, and the energy saving and economic efficiency can be further improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a cogeneration system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a second embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Combined heat and power system
4 ... 1st heat exchanger
5 ... Hot water storage tank
6 ... Auxiliary heat source machine
8 ... circulation pump
9 ... Circulating piping
12 ... Heating capacity detection means
20 ... Bathtub
21 ... Pressure sensor as hot water sensor
25 ... Hot water storage amount detection means
26: Boiling temperature setting means
28 ... Means for calculating hot water storage capacity
29 ... Waste heat heating time calculation means
30 ... Comparison means
31 ... Heating control means
34 ... Time difference calculation means
35 ... Preemption means
36 ... Required heating time calculation means
37 ... Allowable heating time calculation means
38. Second comparison means
39: Second heating control means
40 ... Boiling time calculation means
41. Reheating hot water storage / heating time calculation means
42. Third comparison means
43. Third heating control means

Claims (4)

A hot water storage tank that stores hot water in a state where a temperature stratification is formed by attaching a circulation pipe that is taken out from the lower part and supplied from the upper part,
Heating means provided in the circulation pipe for heating water taken out from the hot water storage tank;
A circulation pump which is provided in the circulation pipe and takes out water from the hot water storage tank and supplies hot water after heating to the hot water storage tank;
A branch pipe for circulation that is connected to the circulation pipe in parallel with the hot water storage tank and takes out the hot water that has passed through the heating means;
In the cogeneration system provided with the heat exchanger for heating, which is provided in the branch piping for circulation and is heated by the hot water heated by the heating means in response to the heating heating request signal, and supplied to the heating device,
The heating means comprises exhaust heat heating means using the exhaust heat of the combined heat and power supply device as a heat source, and auxiliary heating means using a dedicated heat source having a high heating capacity,
A hot water storage amount detecting means provided in the hot water storage tank for detecting the hot water storage amount of the hot water in the hot water storage tank;
Hot water storage capacity calculation means for subtracting the hot water storage amount calculated by the hot water storage amount detection means from the total capacity of the hot water storage tank in response to the heating / heating request signal to calculate the hot water storage capacity of the hot water storage tank; ,
Exhaust heat heating time calculating means for calculating an exhaust heat heating time sufficient to obtain a heating amount for the hot water storage possible hot water amount calculated by the hot water storage hot water amount calculating means by the exhaust heat heating means,
Heating capacity detecting means for detecting that the heating heating required capacity of the heating device is larger than the exhaust heat heating capacity of the exhaust heat heating means and outputting a priority auxiliary heating signal;
The waste heat heating time is longer than the waste heat continuous operation time by comparing the waste heat heating time calculated by the waste heat heating time calculation means with the waste heat continuous operation time sufficient to make use of the characteristics of the combined heat and power supply device. Comparing means that sometimes outputs an exhaust heat heating signal and outputs an auxiliary heating signal when short,
In response to an exhaust heat heating signal from the comparison means in a state where a priority auxiliary heating signal is not output from the heating capacity detection means, an operation permission signal of the exhaust heat heating means is output, and the heating heating request signal is Even after stopping, the operation permission signal is stopped after heating the amount of hot water that can be stored, and the auxiliary heating means is started in response to the priority auxiliary heating signal and the auxiliary heating signal, and the heating heating request signal is stopped. A cogeneration system comprising heating control means for responding and stopping operation of the auxiliary heating means. A hot water storage tank that stores hot water in a state where a temperature stratification is formed by attaching a circulation pipe that is taken out from the lower part and supplied from the upper part,
Heating means provided in the circulation pipe for heating water taken out from the hot water storage tank;
A circulation pump which is provided in the circulation pipe and takes out water from the hot water storage tank and supplies hot water after heating to the hot water storage tank;
A branch pipe for circulation that is connected to the circulation pipe in parallel with the hot water storage tank and takes out the hot water that has passed through the heating means;
In the cogeneration system provided with the heat exchanger for heating, which is provided in the branch piping for circulation and is heated by the hot water heated by the heating means in response to the heating heating request signal, and supplied to the heating device,
The heating means comprises exhaust heat heating means using the exhaust heat of the combined heat and power supply device as a heat source, and auxiliary heating means using a dedicated heat source having a high heating capacity,
A hot water storage amount detecting means provided in the hot water storage tank for detecting the hot water storage amount of the hot water in the hot water storage tank;
Hot water storage capacity calculation means for subtracting the hot water storage amount calculated by the hot water storage amount detection means from the total capacity of the hot water storage tank in response to the heating / heating request signal to calculate the hot water storage capacity of the hot water storage tank; ,
Exhaust heat heating time calculating means for calculating an exhaust heat heating time sufficient to obtain a heating amount for the hot water storage possible hot water amount calculated by the hot water storage hot water amount calculating means by the exhaust heat heating means,
Heating capacity detecting means for detecting that the heating heating required capacity of the heating device is larger than the exhaust heat heating capacity of the exhaust heat heating means and outputting a priority auxiliary heating signal;
The required amount of hot water stored in the hot water storage tank at a specific time is specified in advance,
In response to the heating / heating request signal, a time difference calculating means for calculating a time difference between that time and the most recent specific time thereafter;
A time difference calculated by the time difference calculation means and a preemption time set in consideration of the influence of heat radiation, and a preemption means for outputting a prefetch signal when the time difference is smaller than the preemption time;
In response to the prefetch signal, required heating time calculation means for calculating a necessary heating time sufficient to obtain the necessary hot water storage amount at the most recent specific time by the exhaust heat heating means,
An allowable heating time calculating means for calculating an allowable heating time by adding the required heating time calculated by the required heating time calculating means to the exhaust heat heating time calculated by the exhaust heat heating time calculating means;
When the allowable heating time is longer than the exhaust heat continuous operation time by comparing the allowable heating time calculated by the allowable heating time calculating means and the exhaust heat continuous operation time, an exhaust heat heating signal is output and assisted A second comparison means for outputting a heating signal;
In response to an exhaust heat heating signal from the second comparison means in a state where no priority auxiliary heating signal is output from the heating capacity detection means, an operation permission signal of the exhaust heat heating means is output, and the heating heating Even if the request signal is stopped, the operation permission signal is stopped after heating the amount of hot water that has been added to the amount of hot water that can be stored, and the auxiliary heating means is responsive to the priority auxiliary heating signal and the auxiliary heating signal. A cogeneration system comprising: a second heating control unit that starts and stops the operation of the auxiliary heating unit in response to the stop of the heating / heating request signal. A hot water storage tank that stores hot water in a state where a temperature stratification is formed by attaching a circulation pipe that is taken out from the lower part and supplied from the upper part,
Heating means provided in the circulation pipe for heating water taken out from the hot water storage tank;
A circulation pump which is provided in the circulation pipe and takes out water from the hot water storage tank and supplies hot water after heating to the hot water storage tank;
A branch pipe for circulation that is connected to the circulation pipe in parallel with the hot water storage tank and takes out the hot water that has passed through the heating means;
In the cogeneration system provided with the heat exchanger for heating, which is provided in the branch piping for circulation and is heated by the hot water heated by the heating means in response to the heating heating request signal, and supplied to the heating device,
The heating means comprises exhaust heat heating means using the exhaust heat of the combined heat and power supply device as a heat source, and auxiliary heating means using a dedicated heat source having a high heating capacity,
A hot water storage amount detecting means provided in the hot water storage tank for detecting the hot water storage amount of the hot water in the hot water storage tank;
Hot water storage capacity calculation means for subtracting the hot water storage amount calculated by the hot water storage amount detection means from the total capacity of the hot water storage tank in response to the heating / heating request signal to calculate the hot water storage capacity of the hot water storage tank; ,
Exhaust heat heating time calculating means for calculating an exhaust heat heating time sufficient to obtain a heating amount for the hot water storage possible hot water amount calculated by the hot water storage hot water amount calculating means by the exhaust heat heating means,
Heating capacity detecting means for detecting that the heating heating required capacity of the heating device is larger than the exhaust heat heating capacity of the exhaust heat heating means and outputting a priority auxiliary heating signal;
A heat exchanger for reheating that is provided in the branch piping for circulation and circulates and heats the hot water in the bathtub in response to the reheating signal;
A bathtub temperature sensor for measuring the temperature of hot water in the bathtub;
A hot water sensor for measuring the amount of hot water in the bathtub;
Boiling temperature setting means for setting the boiling temperature of hot water in the bathtub;
In response to the chasing signal, the temperature of the hot water in the bathtub measured by the bathtub temperature sensor, the boiling temperature set by the boiling temperature setting means, and the bathtub measured by the hot water amount sensor Boil-up time calculating means for calculating a boil-up time to obtain a reheating amount required to reach a boil-up temperature when heated by the exhaust heat heating means based on the amount of hot water in the inside,
Reheating / hot water heating time calculating means for calculating the reheating / hot water heating time by adding the boiling time calculated by the boiling time calculating means to the exhaust heat heating time calculated by the exhaust heat heating time calculating means; ,
Comparing the reheating / hot water heating time calculated by the reheating / hot water heating time calculation means with the exhaust heat continuous operation time, and exhaust heat heating when the reheating / hot water heating time is longer than the exhaust heat continuous operation time. A third comparing means for outputting a signal and outputting an auxiliary heating signal at a short time;
In response to an exhaust heat heating signal from the third comparison means in a state where no priority auxiliary heating signal is output from the heating capacity detection means, an operation permission signal of the exhaust heat heating means is output, and the heating heating Even if the request signal is stopped, the operation permission signal is stopped after heating for the amount of reheat added to the amount of hot water that can be stored, and the auxiliary heating means is responsive to the priority auxiliary heating signal and the auxiliary heating signal. A cogeneration system comprising: a third heating control unit that starts and stops the operation of the auxiliary heating unit in response to the stop of the heating heating request signal. In the operation state of the auxiliary heating means in response to the auxiliary heating signal, when the heating heating request signal is switched from the auxiliary heating signal to the exhaust heat heating signal until the heating heating request signal is stopped, the operation of the auxiliary heating means is stopped and the The cogeneration system according to any one of claims 1, 2, and 3, wherein the exhaust heat heating means is activated.

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