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JP3979264B2 - Ceramic heater for semiconductor manufacturing equipment - Google Patents
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JP3979264B2 - Ceramic heater for semiconductor manufacturing equipment - Google Patents

Ceramic heater for semiconductor manufacturing equipment Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3979264B2
JP3979264B2 JP2002309385A JP2002309385A JP3979264B2 JP 3979264 B2 JP3979264 B2 JP 3979264B2 JP 2002309385 A JP2002309385 A JP 2002309385A JP 2002309385 A JP2002309385 A JP 2002309385A JP 3979264 B2 JP3979264 B2 JP 3979264B2
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Prior art keywords
wafer
ceramic heater
pocket
semiconductor manufacturing
heating element
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JP2002309385A
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JP2004146566A (en
Inventor
義文 加智
啓 柊平
博彦 仲田
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd
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Priority to JP2002309385A priority Critical patent/JP3979264B2/en
Priority to TW092129586A priority patent/TWI313897B/en
Priority to US10/605,764 priority patent/US7491432B2/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10PGENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10P72/00Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof
    • H10P72/04Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
    • H10P72/0431Apparatus for thermal treatment
    • H10P72/0432Apparatus for thermal treatment mainly by conduction
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/458Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for supporting substrates in the reaction chamber
    • C23C16/4581Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for supporting substrates in the reaction chamber characterised by material of construction or surface finish of the means for supporting the substrate
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/44Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
    • C23C16/458Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating characterised by the method used for supporting substrates in the reaction chamber
    • C23C16/4582Rigid and flat substrates, e.g. plates or discs
    • C23C16/4583Rigid and flat substrates, e.g. plates or discs the substrate being supported substantially horizontally
    • C23C16/4586Elements in the interior of the support, e.g. electrodes, heating or cooling devices
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/141Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds
    • H05B3/143Conductive ceramics, e.g. metal oxides, metal carbides, barium titanate, ferrites, zirconia, vitrous compounds applied to semiconductors, e.g. wafers heating
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10PGENERIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF DEVICES COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H10P72/00Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof
    • H10P72/70Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof for supporting or gripping
    • H10P72/76Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. clamps or pinches
    • H10P72/7604Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support
    • H10P72/7611Handling or holding of wafers, substrates or devices during manufacture or treatment thereof for supporting or gripping using mechanical means, e.g. clamps or pinches the wafers being placed on a susceptor, stage or support characterised by edge profile or support profile
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/13Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
    • Y10T428/131Glass, ceramic, or sintered, fused, fired, or calcined metal oxide or metal carbide containing [e.g., porcelain, brick, cement, etc.]

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Container, Conveyance, Adherence, Positioning, Of Wafer (AREA)
  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、半導体製造工程においてウエハに所定の処理を行う半導体製造装置に使用され、ウエハを保持して加熱するセラミックスヒーターに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来から、半導体製造装置に使用されるセラミックスヒーターに関しては、種々の構造が提案なされている。例えば、特公平6−28258号公報には、抵抗発熱体が埋設され、容器内に設置されたセラミックスヒーターと、このヒーターのウエハ加熱面以外の面に設けられ、反応容器との間で気密性シールを形成する凸状支持部材とを備えた半導体ウエハ加熱装置が提案されている。
【0003】
また、最近では、製造コスト低減のために、ウエハの外径は8インチから12インチへ大口径化が進められており、これに伴ってウエハを保持するセラミックスヒーターも直径300mm以上になってきている。同時に、セラミックスヒーターで加熱されるウエハ表面の均熱性は±1.0%以下、更に望ましくは±0.5%以下が求められている。
【0004】
【特許文献1】
特公平6−28258号公報
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このような均熱性向上の要求に対して、セラミックスヒーターに設ける抵抗発熱体の回路パターンの改良等などが研究されてきた。しかしながら、ウエハ及びセラミックスヒーターの大口径化に伴い、ウエハ表面の均熱性に対する上記要求の実現は困難になりつつある。
【0006】
例えば、セラミックスヒーターのウエハを載置する面は単一な平面で形成されており、その平らなウエハ載置面上に半導体ウエハを保持して加熱している。しかし、セラミックスヒーターに載置されたウエハの外周面からも熱輻射があるため、ウエハ外周部はウエハ内部と比較して温度が低くなりやすい。そのため、このウエハ外周面からの熱輻射によってもウエハ表面の均熱性が阻害されやすく、ウエハの大口径化が進むにつれて顕著になっていた。
【0007】
また、セラミックスヒーターにネジ穴等の加工を施すと、ウエハの加熱処理時に、その部分を起点として割れが発生しやすい。そのため、特にウエハを載置する側の面は、特別な加工を施さず、ウエハとの隙間をなくす点からも単一な平面とされていた。
【0008】
本発明は、このような従来の事情に鑑み、加熱処理時に割れが発生せず、しかもセラミックスヒーターに載置されたウエハの外周面からの熱輻射を抑え、ウエハ表面の均熱性を高めた半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーターを提供することを目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明は、セラミックス基板の表面又は内部に抵抗発熱体を有する半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーターであって、該セラミックスヒーターのウェハを載置する側の面に、ウェハを収容載置できる大きさの底面が平らな凹部を有し、該凹部の外周内側面と底面とがなす角度が90°を超え170°以下であり、且つ該凹部の外周内側面と底面とを連接する底部外周縁の曲率が0.1mm以上であり、かつウェハ載置面と反対側の面が一つの平坦な面であることを特徴とする半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーターを提供するものである。
【0010】
上記本発明の半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーターにおいて、前記セラミックス基板は、窒化アルミニウム、窒化珪素、酸窒化アルミニウム、炭化珪素から選ばれた少なくとも1種からなることが好ましい。
【0011】
また、上記本発明の半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーターにおいて、前記抵抗発熱体は、タングステン、モリブデン、白金、パラジウム、銀、ニッケル、クロムから選ばれた少なくとも1種からなることが好ましい。
【0012】
更に、上記本発明の半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーターは、前記セラミックス基板の表面又は内部に、更にプラズマ電極が配置されていても良い。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明者らは、ウエハ外周面からの熱輻射を抑える手段を検討した結果、半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーターへのウエハ載置方法に着目し、セラミックスヒーターのウエハを載置する側の面に、ウエハを収容載置できる凹部(以下、ウエハポケットとも称する)を設けることとした。尚、ウエハポケットの形状に関しては、セラミックスヒーターのウエハ載置面よりも一段低く窪んでいて、且つウエハを収容載置できる大きさの平らな底面を有していれば良く、例えばウエハと略同一の外径を有する円形の凹状であることが好ましいが、これに限定されるものではない。
【0014】
例えば、図1に示すように、セラミックスヒーター1にウエハ6の厚さとほぼ同じ程度の深さと、ウエハ6を収容できる大きさの外径を有する凹部からなるウエハポケット5を設ける。このウエハポケット5の平らな底面5a上にウエハ6を載置することによって、ウエハ6はウエハポケット5内に収容されると共に、ウエハ6の外周面の全て又は大部分がウエハポケット5の外周内側面5bと対向する状態になるため、ウエハ6の外周面からの熱輻射を低減させて均熱性を高めることができる。
【0015】
その結果、本発明においては、ウエハ及びセラミックスヒーターが大口径であっても、加熱処理時におけるウエハ表面の均熱性を改善向上することができる。具体的には、ウエハ表面の均熱性を、熱伝導率100W/mK以上のセラミックスヒーターでは±0.5%以下、及び10〜100W/mKのセラミックスヒーターでは±1.0%以下とすることができる。
【0016】
しかしながら、このようなウエハポケットをセラミックスヒーターに新たに設けると、ヒーター使用温度である500℃以上に昇温したとき、ウエハポケットの段差部を基点としてセラミックスヒーターに割れが生じやすい。この割れは、ウエハポケットの外周内側面とウエハとの間隙が小さいため、ウエハポケットの段差部に熱が集中し、その熱応力によって生じるものと考えられる。
【0017】
そこで、ウエハ表面の均熱性を確保しつつ、セラミックスヒーターに割れの生じないウエハポケットの形状を検討した。その結果、図1に示すように、ウエハポケット5の外周内側面5bと底面5aとがなす角度θが90°を超え170°以下であるとき、所要のウエハ表面の均熱性を維持しながら、ウエハポケット5の段差部を基点としたセラミックスヒーター1の割れを防止することができた。また、ウエハポケット5の外周内側面5bと底面5aとを連接する底部外周縁5cの曲率Rを0.1mm以上とした場合にも、同様の効果が得られた。
【0018】
次に、本発明によるセラミックスヒーターの具体的な構造を、図2〜図3により説明する。図2に示すセラミックスヒーター1は、セラミックス基板2aの表面上に所定回路パターンの抵抗発熱体3が設けてあり、その表面上に別のセラミックス基板2bがガラス又はセラミックスからなる接着層4により接合されている。尚、抵抗発熱体3の回路パターンは、例えば線幅と線間隔が5mm以下、更に好ましくは1mm以下になるように形成されている。
【0019】
また、図3に示すセラミックスヒーター11は、その内部に抵抗発熱体13と共にプラズマ電極15を備えている。即ち、図2のセラミックスヒーターと同様に、表面上に抵抗発熱体13を有するセラミックス基板12aとセラミックス基板12bを接着層4で接合すると共に、そのセラミックス基板12aの他表面に、プラズマ電極15を設けた別のセラミックス基板12cがガラス又はセラミックスからなる接着層15により接合してある。
【0020】
そして、上記図2及び図3のいずれのセラミックスヒーター1、11においても、そのウエハを載置する側の面には、ウエハを収容載置できる凹部(ウエハポケット5、15)が設けてある。
【0021】
尚、図2及び図3に示したセラミックスヒーターの製造においては、それぞれのセラミックス基板を接合する方法以外にも、厚さ約0.5mmのグリーンシートを準備し、各グリーンシート上に導電性ペーストを抵抗発熱体及び/又はプラズマ電極の回路パターンを印刷塗布した後、これらのグリーンシート並びに必要に応じて通常のグリーンシートを所要の厚さが得られるよう積層し、同時に焼結して一体化しても良い。
【0022】
【実施例】
実施例1
窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末に、焼結助剤とバインダーを添加し、ボールミルによって分散混合した。この混合粉末をスプレードライ乾燥した後、直径380mm、厚み1mmの円板状にプレス成形した。得られた成形体を非酸化性雰囲気中にて温度800℃で脱脂した後、温度1900℃で4時間焼結することにより、AlN焼結体を得た。このAlN焼結体の熱伝導率は170W/mKであった。このAlN焼結体の外周面を外径330mmになるまで研磨して、セラミックスヒーター用のAlN基板2枚を準備した。
【0023】
1枚の上記AlN基板の表面上に、タングステン粉末と焼結助剤をバインダーに混練したペーストを印刷塗布し、所定の発熱体回路パターンを形成した。このAlN基板を非酸化雰囲気中にて温度800℃で脱脂した後、温度1700℃で焼成して、Wの抵抗発熱体を形成した。更に、残り1枚の上記AlN基板の表面に、Y系接着剤とバインダーを混練したペーストを印刷塗布し、温度500℃で脱脂した。このAlN基板の接着剤の層を、上記AlN基板の抵抗発熱体を形成した面に重ね合わせ、温度800℃に加熱して接合した。
【0024】
接合後、ウエハを載置する側の面に、ウエハ厚さ0.8mmと同じ深さで、直径が315mmの凹部(ウエハポケット)を加工した。その際、試料ごとにウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とがなす角度θを、下記表1に示す所定の角度となるように加工した。また、幾つかの試料については、ウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とを連接する底部外周縁を、表1に示す曲率Rを有する曲面に加工した。このようにして、下記表1に示す各試料のAlN製のセラミックスヒーター(図2の構造)を得た。
【0025】
得られた各試料のセラミックスヒーターについて、ウエハ載置面の反対側表面に形成した2つの電極から、200Vの電圧で抵抗発熱体に電流を流すことにより、セラミックスヒーターの温度を500℃まで昇温した。その際、セラミックスヒーターのウエハポケットに厚み0.8mm、直径304mmのシリコンウエハを載せ、その表面の温度分布を測定して均熱性を求めた。得られた結果を、試料毎に下記表1に示した。
【0026】
【表1】

Figure 0003979264
【0027】
上記表1に示す結果から分るように、窒化アルミニウム製のセラミックスヒーターにおいて、ウエハ載置面にウエハポケットを形成し、そのウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とがなす角度θを90°<θ≦170°とするか、又はウエハポケットの底部外周縁に曲率RがR≧0.1mmの曲面を設けることによって、セラミックスヒーターに割れを生じることなく、ウエハ加熱時におけるウエハ表面の均熱性を±0.5%以下にすることができた。
【0028】
実施例2
窒化珪素(Si)粉末に、焼結助剤とバインダーを添加して、ボールミルによって分散混合した。この混合粉末をスプレードライ乾燥した後、直径380mm、厚み1mmの円板状にプレス成形した。この成形体を非酸化性雰囲気中にて温度800℃で脱脂した後、温度1550℃で4時間焼結することによって、Si焼結体を得た。得られたSi焼結体の熱伝導率は20W/mKであった。このSi焼結体の外周面を外径330mmになるまで研磨して、セラミックスヒーター用のSi基板2枚を準備した。
【0029】
1枚の上記Si基板の表面上に、タングステン粉末と焼結助剤をバインダーにて混練したペーストを印刷塗布し、非酸化性雰囲気中にて温度800℃で脱脂した後、温度1650℃で焼成して抵抗発熱体を形成した。また、残り1枚の上記Si基板の表面にはSiO系接着剤の層を形成し、温度500℃で脱脂した後、上記Si基板の抵抗発熱体を形成した面に重ね合わせ、温度800℃に加熱して接合した。
【0030】
接合後、ウエハを載置する側の面に、ウエハ厚さ0.8mmと同じ深さで、直径が315mmのウエハポケットを加工した。その際、実施例1と同様に加工して、ウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とがなす角度θと、ウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とを連接する底部外周縁の曲率Rを、試料毎に下記表2に示すように変化させた。
【0031】
このようにして得られたSi製のセラミックスヒーターについて、ウエハ載置面の反対側表面に形成した2つの電極から、200Vの電圧で抵抗発熱体に電流を流すことにより、セラミックスヒーターの温度を500℃まで昇温した。その際、セラミックスヒーターのウエハポケットに厚み0.8mm、直径304mmのシリコンウエハを載せ、その表面温度分布を測定して均熱性を求めた。得られた結果を、試料毎に下記表2に示した。
【0032】
【表2】
Figure 0003979264
【0033】
上記表2から分るように、窒化珪素製のセラミックスヒーターにおいても、ウエハ載置面に形成したウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とがなす角度θを90°<θ≦170°とするか、又はウエハポケットの底部外周縁の曲率RをR≧0.1mmとすることによって、セラミックスヒーターに割れを生じることなく、ウエハ加熱時におけるウエハ表面の均熱性を±1.0%以下にすることができた。
【0034】
実施例3
酸窒化アルミニウム(AlON)粉末に、焼結助剤とバインダーを添加し、ボールミルによって分散混合した。この混合粉末をスプレードライ乾燥した後、直径380mm、厚み1mmの円板状にプレス成形した。この成形体を非酸化性雰囲気中にて温度800℃で脱脂した後、温度1770℃で4時間焼結することによって、AlON焼結体を得た。このAlON焼結体の熱伝導率は20W/mKであった。得られたAlON焼結体の外周面を外径330mmになるまで研磨して、セラミックスヒーター用のAlON基板2枚を準備した。
【0035】
1枚の上記AlON基板の表面上に、タングステン粉末と焼結助剤をバインダーに混練したペーストを印刷塗布し、所定の発熱体回路パターンを形成した。このAlON基板を非酸化雰囲気中にて温度800℃で脱脂した後、温度1700℃で焼成して、抵抗発熱体を形成した。また、残り1枚の上記AlON基板の表面に、Y系接着剤とバインダーを混練したペーストを印刷塗布して、温度500℃で脱脂した。このAlON基板の接着の層を、上記AlON基板の抵抗発熱体を形成した面に重ね合わせ、温度800℃に加熱して接合した。
【0036】
接合後、ウエハを載置する側の面に、ウエハ厚さ0.8mmと同じ深さで、直径が315mmのウエハポケットを加工した。その際、実施例1と同様に加工して、ウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とがなす角度θと、ウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とを連接する底部外周縁の曲率Rを、試料毎に下記表3に示すように変化させた。
【0037】
このようにして得られたAlON製のセラミックスヒーターについて、ウエハ載置面の反対側表面に形成した2つの電極から、200Vの電圧で抵抗発熱体に電流を流すことにより、セラミックスヒーターの温度を500℃まで昇温した。その際、セラミックスヒーターのウエハポケットに厚み0.8mm、直径304mmのシリコンウエハを載せ、その表面温度分布を測定して均熱性を求めた。得られた結果を、試料毎に下記表3に示した。
【0038】
【表3】
Figure 0003979264
【0039】
上記表3から分るように、酸窒化アルミニウム製のセラミックスヒーターにおいても、ウエハ載置面に形成したウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とがなす角度θを90°<θ≦170°とするか、又はウエハポケットの底部外周縁の曲率RをR≧0.1mmとすることによって、セラミックスヒーターに割れを生じることなく、ウエハ加熱時におけるウエハ表面の均熱性を±1.0%以下にすることができた。
【0040】
実施例4
実施例1と同様の方法により、窒化アルミニウム焼結体からなる外径330mmのセラミックスヒーター用のAlN基板を2枚作製した。この2枚のAlN基板を用いてセラミックスヒーターを作製する際に、1枚のAlN基板の表面上に設ける抵抗発熱体の材料をMo、Pt、Ag−Pd、Ni−Crに変化させ、それぞれのペーストを印刷塗布して非酸化性雰囲気中で焼き付けた。
【0041】
次に、残り1枚のAlN基板の表面には、SiO系接合ガラスを塗布し、非酸化性雰囲気にて温度800℃で脱脂した。このAlN基板のガラス層を、上記AlN基板の抵抗発熱体を形成した面に重ね合わせ、温度800℃に加熱して接合することにより、それぞれ抵抗発熱体の材質が異なるAlN製のセラミックスヒーターを得た。
【0042】
各セラミックスヒーターのウエハを載置する側の面に、ウエハ厚さ0.8mmと同じ深さで、直径が315mmのウエハポケットを加工した。その際、実施例1と同様に加工して、ウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とがなす角度θと、ウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とを連接する底部外周縁の曲率Rを、試料毎に下記表4に示すように変化させた。
【0043】
このようにして得られたセラミックスヒーターについて、ウエハ載置面の反対側表面に形成した2つの電極から、200Vの電圧で抵抗発熱体に電流を流すことにより、セラミックスヒーターの温度を500℃まで昇温した。その際、セラミックスヒーターのウエハポケットに厚み0.8mm、直径304mmのシリコンウエハを載せ、その表面温度分布を測定して均熱性を求めた。得られた結果を、試料毎に下記表4に示した。
【0044】
【表4】
Figure 0003979264
【0045】
上記表4に示すように、抵抗発熱体がMo、Pt、Ag−Pd、Ni−Crからなるセラミックスヒーターにおいても、実施例1に示したWの抵抗発熱体の場合と同様に、ウエハ載置面に形成したウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とがなす角度θを90°<θ≦170°とするか、又はウエハポケットの底部外周縁の曲率RをR≧0.1mmとすることによって、セラミックスヒーターに割れを生じることなく、ウエハ加熱時におけるウエハ表面の均熱性を±0.5%以下にすることができた。
【0046】
実施例5
窒化アルミニウム(AlN)粉末に焼結助剤、バインダー、分散剤、アルコールを添加混練したペーストを用い、ドクターブレード法による成形を行って、厚さ約0.5mmのグリーンシートを得た。
【0047】
次に、このグリーンシートを80℃で5時間乾燥した後、タングステン粉末と焼結助剤をバインダーにて混練したペーストを、1枚のグリーンシートの表面上に印刷塗布して、所定回路パターンの抵抗発熱体層を形成した。更に、別の1枚のグリーンシートを同様に乾燥し、その表面上に上記タングステンペーストを印刷塗布して、プラズマ電極層を形成した。これら2枚の導電層を有するグリーンシートと、導電層が印刷されていないグリーンシートを合計50枚積層し、70kg/cmの圧力をかけながら温度140℃に加熱して一体化した。
【0048】
得られた積層体を非酸化性雰囲気中にて600℃で5時間脱脂した後、100〜150kg/cmの圧力と1800℃の温度でホットプレスして、厚さ3mmのAlN板状体を得た。これを直径380mmの円板状に切り出し、その外周部を直径330mmになるまで研磨した。
【0049】
その後、ウエハを載置する側の面に、ウエハ厚さ0.8mmと同じ深さで、直径が315mmのウエハポケットを加工した。その際、実施例1と同様に加工して、ウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とがなす角度θと、ウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とを連接する底部外周縁の曲率Rを、試料毎に下記表5に示すように変化させた。このようにして、内部にWの抵抗発熱体とプラズマ電極を有するAlN製のセラミックスヒーター(図2の構造)を得た。
【0050】
得られたセラミックスヒーターについて、ウエハ載置面の反対側表面に形成した2つの電極から、200Vの電圧で抵抗発熱体に電流を流すことにより、セラミックスヒーターの温度を500℃まで昇温した。その際、セラミックスヒーターのウエハポケットに厚み0.8mm、直径304mmのシリコンウエハを載せ、その表面温度分布を測定して均熱性を求めた。得られた結果を、試料毎に下記表5に示した。
【0051】
【表5】
Figure 0003979264
【0052】
上記表5から分るように、抵抗発熱体とプラズマ電極を有する窒化アルミニウム製のセラミックスヒーターであっても、ウエハ載置面に形成したウエハポケットの外周内測面とウエハポケットの底面とがなす角度θを90°<θ≦170°とするか、又はウエハポケットの底部外周縁の曲率RをR≧0.1mmとすることによって、セラミックスヒーターに割れを生じることなく、ウエハ加熱時におけるウエハ表面の均熱性を±0.5%以下にすることができた。
【0053】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、セラミックスヒーターにウエハを収容載置するウエハポケットを設け、その形状を工夫することによって、加熱処理時にセラミックスヒーターに割れがなく、載置されたウエハの外周面からの熱輻射を抑えることができ、ウエハ載置面の均熱性を高めた半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーターを提供することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明におけるセラミックスヒーターのウエハ載置面側に設けたウエハポケットの具体例を示す概略の断面図である。
【図2】本発明によるセラミックスヒーターの一具体例を示す概略の断面図である。
【図3】本発明によるセラミックスヒーターの別の具体例を示す概略の断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1、11 セラミックスヒーター
2a、2b、12a、12b、12c セラミックス基板
3、13 抵抗発熱体
4、14a、14b 接着層
5、15 ウエハポケット
5a 底面
5b 外周内側面
5c 底部外周縁
6 ウエハ
16 プラズマ電極[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ceramic heater that is used in a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus that performs predetermined processing on a wafer in a semiconductor manufacturing process, and holds and heats the wafer.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various structures have been proposed for ceramic heaters used in semiconductor manufacturing apparatuses. For example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-28258, a resistance heating element is embedded, a ceramic heater installed in a container, and a surface other than the wafer heating surface of the heater is provided. A semiconductor wafer heating apparatus having a convex support member that forms a seal has been proposed.
[0003]
Recently, in order to reduce the manufacturing cost, the diameter of the wafer has been increased from 8 inches to 12 inches, and as a result, the ceramic heater for holding the wafer has become 300 mm or more in diameter. Yes. At the same time, the temperature uniformity of the wafer surface heated by the ceramic heater is required to be ± 1.0% or less, more preferably ± 0.5% or less.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-28258 [0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In response to such a demand for improvement in thermal uniformity, improvement of the circuit pattern of the resistance heating element provided in the ceramic heater has been studied. However, as the diameters of the wafer and the ceramic heater are increased, it is becoming difficult to realize the above requirement for the thermal uniformity of the wafer surface.
[0006]
For example, the surface of the ceramic heater on which the wafer is placed is formed as a single plane, and the semiconductor wafer is held and heated on the flat wafer placement surface. However, since there is also heat radiation from the outer peripheral surface of the wafer placed on the ceramic heater, the temperature at the outer peripheral portion of the wafer tends to be lower than that inside the wafer. For this reason, the thermal uniformity from the wafer outer peripheral surface also tends to hinder the thermal uniformity of the wafer surface, and has become prominent as the wafer diameter increases.
[0007]
In addition, if the ceramic heater is processed such as a screw hole, cracks are likely to occur starting from that portion during the heat treatment of the wafer. For this reason, the surface on the side on which the wafer is placed is not subjected to special processing, and is also a single plane from the viewpoint of eliminating the gap with the wafer.
[0008]
In view of such conventional circumstances, the present invention is a semiconductor in which cracking does not occur during heat treatment, and heat radiation from the outer peripheral surface of the wafer placed on the ceramic heater is suppressed, so that the heat uniformity on the wafer surface is improved. It aims at providing the ceramic heater for manufacturing apparatuses.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a ceramic heater for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus having a resistance heating element on the surface or inside of a ceramic substrate, wherein the wafer is accommodated on the surface of the ceramic heater on which the wafer is placed. The bottom surface that can be placed has a flat recess, and the angle formed between the outer peripheral inner surface and the bottom surface of the recess is more than 90 ° and not more than 170 °, and the outer peripheral inner surface and the bottom surface of the recess are connected to each other. bottom outer Ri der curvature 0.1mm or more peripheral, and in which the surface opposite to the wafer mounting surface to provide a ceramic heater for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus characterized by flat Mendea Rukoto one of is there.
[0010]
In the ceramic heater for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, the ceramic substrate is preferably made of at least one selected from aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, aluminum oxynitride, and silicon carbide.
[0011]
In the ceramic heater for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention, the resistance heating element is preferably made of at least one selected from tungsten, molybdenum, platinum, palladium, silver, nickel, and chromium.
[0012]
Furthermore, in the ceramic heater for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus of the present invention, a plasma electrode may be further disposed on the surface or inside of the ceramic substrate.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As a result of investigating means for suppressing thermal radiation from the outer peripheral surface of the wafer, the present inventors focused on the method of placing the wafer on the ceramic heater for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus, and on the surface of the ceramic heater on the side where the wafer is placed, A recess (hereinafter also referred to as a wafer pocket) capable of accommodating and placing a wafer is provided. As for the shape of the wafer pocket, it is only necessary to have a flat bottom surface that is recessed one step lower than the wafer placement surface of the ceramic heater and can accommodate and place the wafer. Although it is preferable that it is the circular concave shape which has the outer diameter of this, it is not limited to this.
[0014]
For example, as shown in FIG. 1, the ceramic heater 1 is provided with a wafer pocket 5 formed of a concave portion having a depth substantially the same as the thickness of the wafer 6 and an outer diameter large enough to accommodate the wafer 6. By placing the wafer 6 on the flat bottom surface 5 a of the wafer pocket 5, the wafer 6 is accommodated in the wafer pocket 5, and all or most of the outer peripheral surface of the wafer 6 is within the outer periphery of the wafer pocket 5. Since it faces the side surface 5b, the heat radiation from the outer peripheral surface of the wafer 6 can be reduced to improve the thermal uniformity.
[0015]
As a result, in the present invention, even if the wafer and the ceramic heater have a large diameter, it is possible to improve and improve the thermal uniformity of the wafer surface during the heat treatment. Specifically, the thermal uniformity of the wafer surface may be ± 0.5% or less for ceramic heaters with a thermal conductivity of 100 W / mK or more, and ± 1.0% or less for ceramic heaters with 10 to 100 W / mK. it can.
[0016]
However, when such a wafer pocket is newly provided in the ceramic heater, when the temperature is raised to 500 ° C. or higher, which is the heater operating temperature, the ceramic heater is likely to crack with the stepped portion of the wafer pocket as a base point. This crack is considered to be caused by the heat stress concentrated on the stepped portion of the wafer pocket due to the small gap between the outer peripheral inner surface of the wafer pocket and the wafer.
[0017]
In view of this, the shape of the wafer pocket was examined in which the ceramic heater was not cracked while ensuring the uniformity of the wafer surface. As a result, as shown in FIG. 1, when the angle θ formed between the outer peripheral inner surface 5b and the bottom surface 5a of the wafer pocket 5 is more than 90 ° and not more than 170 °, while maintaining the required thermal uniformity of the wafer surface, It was possible to prevent the ceramic heater 1 from cracking based on the stepped portion of the wafer pocket 5. The same effect was also obtained when the curvature R of the bottom outer peripheral edge 5c connecting the outer peripheral inner side surface 5b and the bottom surface 5a of the wafer pocket 5 was 0.1 mm or more.
[0018]
Next, a specific structure of the ceramic heater according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In the ceramic heater 1 shown in FIG. 2, a resistance heating element 3 having a predetermined circuit pattern is provided on the surface of a ceramic substrate 2a, and another ceramic substrate 2b is bonded to the surface by an adhesive layer 4 made of glass or ceramics. ing. The circuit pattern of the resistance heating element 3 is formed so that the line width and the line interval are, for example, 5 mm or less, more preferably 1 mm or less.
[0019]
The ceramic heater 11 shown in FIG. 3 includes a plasma electrode 15 together with a resistance heating element 13 therein. That is, as in the ceramic heater of FIG. 2, the ceramic substrate 12a having the resistance heating element 13 on the surface and the ceramic substrate 12b are joined by the adhesive layer 4, and the plasma electrode 15 is provided on the other surface of the ceramic substrate 12a. Another ceramic substrate 12c is bonded by an adhesive layer 15 made of glass or ceramics.
[0020]
In any of the ceramic heaters 1 and 11 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, concave portions (wafer pockets 5 and 15) in which the wafer can be accommodated and placed are provided on the surface on which the wafer is placed.
[0021]
In manufacturing the ceramic heater shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, in addition to the method of bonding the ceramic substrates, a green sheet having a thickness of about 0.5 mm is prepared, and a conductive paste is formed on each green sheet. After the circuit pattern of the resistance heating element and / or plasma electrode is printed and applied, these green sheets and, if necessary, ordinary green sheets are laminated to obtain the required thickness, and are simultaneously sintered and integrated. May be.
[0022]
【Example】
Example 1
A sintering aid and a binder were added to aluminum nitride (AlN) powder and dispersed and mixed by a ball mill. This mixed powder was spray-dried and then press-molded into a disk shape having a diameter of 380 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. The obtained molded body was degreased at a temperature of 800 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and then sintered at a temperature of 1900 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain an AlN sintered body. The thermal conductivity of this AlN sintered body was 170 W / mK. The outer peripheral surface of the AlN sintered body was polished to an outer diameter of 330 mm to prepare two AlN substrates for a ceramic heater.
[0023]
A paste obtained by kneading tungsten powder and a sintering aid in a binder was printed on the surface of one AlN substrate to form a predetermined heating element circuit pattern. This AlN substrate was degreased at a temperature of 800 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and then baked at a temperature of 1700 ° C. to form a W resistive heating element. Further, a paste prepared by kneading a Y 2 O 3 adhesive and a binder was printed on the surface of the remaining one AlN substrate, and degreased at a temperature of 500 ° C. This AlN substrate adhesive layer was superposed on the surface of the AlN substrate on which the resistance heating element was formed, and was heated to a temperature of 800 ° C. for bonding.
[0024]
After bonding, a concave portion (wafer pocket) having a diameter of 315 mm and a depth of the wafer thickness of 0.8 mm was processed on the surface on which the wafer is placed. At that time, each sample was processed so that the angle θ formed by the measurement surface in the outer periphery of the wafer pocket and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket was a predetermined angle shown in Table 1 below. In addition, for some samples, the outer peripheral edge of the bottom connecting the surface measured in the outer periphery of the wafer pocket and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket was processed into a curved surface having a curvature R shown in Table 1. Thus, the ceramic heater made from AlN (structure of FIG. 2) of each sample shown in Table 1 below was obtained.
[0025]
About the obtained ceramic heater of each sample, the temperature of the ceramic heater is raised to 500 ° C. by flowing current from two electrodes formed on the opposite surface of the wafer mounting surface to the resistance heating element at a voltage of 200V. did. At that time, a silicon wafer having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a diameter of 304 mm was placed on the wafer pocket of the ceramic heater, and the temperature distribution on the surface was measured to obtain the thermal uniformity. The obtained results are shown in Table 1 below for each sample.
[0026]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003979264
[0027]
As can be seen from the results shown in Table 1 above, in an aluminum nitride ceramic heater, a wafer pocket is formed on the wafer mounting surface, and the angle θ formed by the measurement surface on the outer periphery of the wafer pocket and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket is 90 ° <θ ≦ 170 °, or by providing a curved surface with a curvature R of R ≧ 0.1 mm on the outer peripheral edge of the bottom of the wafer pocket, the ceramic heater is not cracked, and the surface of the wafer is heated during wafer heating. The thermal uniformity could be reduced to ± 0.5% or less.
[0028]
Example 2
A sintering aid and a binder were added to silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) powder and dispersed and mixed by a ball mill. This mixed powder was spray-dried and then press-molded into a disk shape having a diameter of 380 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. This molded body was degreased at a temperature of 800 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and then sintered at a temperature of 1550 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain a Si 3 N 4 sintered body. The obtained Si 3 N 4 sintered body had a thermal conductivity of 20 W / mK. The outer peripheral surface of this Si 3 N 4 sintered body was polished to an outer diameter of 330 mm to prepare two Si 3 N 4 substrates for a ceramic heater.
[0029]
A paste prepared by kneading a tungsten powder and a sintering aid with a binder is printed on the surface of one Si 3 N 4 substrate, degreased at a temperature of 800 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and then heated to a temperature of 1650. A resistance heating element was formed by firing at 0 ° C. Further, a SiO 2 adhesive layer is formed on the surface of the remaining one Si 3 N 4 substrate, degreased at a temperature of 500 ° C., and then the resistance heating element of the Si 3 N 4 substrate is formed on the surface. They were superposed and heated to a temperature of 800 ° C. for bonding.
[0030]
After bonding, a wafer pocket having a depth of 315 mm and a wafer thickness of 0.8 mm was processed on the surface on which the wafer was placed. At that time, processing is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the angle θ formed between the measurement surface in the outer periphery of the wafer pocket and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket, and the outside of the bottom portion connecting the measurement surface in the outer periphery of the wafer pocket and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket. The curvature R of the periphery was changed as shown in Table 2 below for each sample.
[0031]
With respect to the ceramic heater made of Si 3 N 4 obtained in this way, a current is passed through the resistance heating element at a voltage of 200 V from the two electrodes formed on the surface opposite to the wafer mounting surface. The temperature was raised to 500 ° C. At that time, a silicon wafer having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a diameter of 304 mm was placed on the wafer pocket of the ceramic heater, and the surface temperature distribution was measured to obtain the thermal uniformity. The obtained results are shown in Table 2 below for each sample.
[0032]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003979264
[0033]
As can be seen from Table 2 above, in the silicon nitride ceramic heater, the angle θ formed by the measurement surface in the outer periphery of the wafer pocket formed on the wafer mounting surface and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket is 90 ° <θ ≦ 170 °. Or by setting the curvature R of the outer peripheral edge of the bottom of the wafer pocket to R ≧ 0.1 mm, the thermal uniformity of the wafer surface during wafer heating is ± 1.0% or less without causing cracks in the ceramic heater. I was able to.
[0034]
Example 3
A sintering aid and a binder were added to aluminum oxynitride (AlON) powder and dispersed and mixed by a ball mill. This mixed powder was spray-dried and then press-molded into a disk shape having a diameter of 380 mm and a thickness of 1 mm. This molded body was degreased at a temperature of 800 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and then sintered at a temperature of 1770 ° C. for 4 hours to obtain an AlON sintered body. The thermal conductivity of this AlON sintered body was 20 W / mK. The outer peripheral surface of the obtained AlON sintered body was polished to an outer diameter of 330 mm to prepare two AlON substrates for a ceramic heater.
[0035]
A paste in which tungsten powder and a sintering aid were kneaded in a binder was printed and applied onto the surface of one AlON substrate to form a predetermined heating element circuit pattern. This AlON substrate was degreased at a temperature of 800 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere and then baked at a temperature of 1700 ° C. to form a resistance heating element. Further, a paste obtained by kneading a Y 2 O 3 adhesive and a binder was printed on the surface of the remaining one AlON substrate, and degreased at a temperature of 500 ° C. This AlON substrate adhesive layer was superposed on the surface of the AlON substrate on which the resistance heating element was formed, and was heated to a temperature of 800 ° C. for bonding.
[0036]
After bonding, a wafer pocket having a depth of 315 mm and a wafer thickness of 0.8 mm was processed on the surface on which the wafer was placed. At that time, processing is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the angle θ formed between the measurement surface in the outer periphery of the wafer pocket and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket, and the outside of the bottom portion connecting the measurement surface in the outer periphery of the wafer pocket and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket The curvature R of the periphery was changed as shown in Table 3 below for each sample.
[0037]
With respect to the AlON ceramic heater thus obtained, the temperature of the ceramic heater is set to 500 by passing a current to the resistance heating element at a voltage of 200 V from the two electrodes formed on the opposite surface of the wafer mounting surface. The temperature was raised to ° C. At that time, a silicon wafer having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a diameter of 304 mm was placed on the wafer pocket of the ceramic heater, and the surface temperature distribution was measured to obtain the thermal uniformity. The obtained results are shown in Table 3 below for each sample.
[0038]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003979264
[0039]
As can be seen from Table 3 above, even in a ceramic heater made of aluminum oxynitride, the angle θ formed by the inner peripheral surface of the wafer pocket formed on the wafer mounting surface and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket is 90 ° <θ ≦ 170. By setting the curvature R of the outer peripheral edge of the bottom of the wafer pocket to R ≧ 0.1 mm, the thermal uniformity of the wafer surface during wafer heating can be ± 1.0% without cracking the ceramic heater. I was able to:
[0040]
Example 4
In the same manner as in Example 1, two AlN substrates for ceramic heaters having an outer diameter of 330 mm made of an aluminum nitride sintered body were produced. When producing a ceramic heater using these two AlN substrates, the material of the resistance heating element provided on the surface of one AlN substrate is changed to Mo, Pt, Ag—Pd, Ni—Cr, The paste was printed and baked in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
[0041]
Next, SiO 2 bonding glass was applied to the surface of the remaining one AlN substrate, and degreased at a temperature of 800 ° C. in a non-oxidizing atmosphere. The glass layer of the AlN substrate is superimposed on the surface of the AlN substrate on which the resistance heating element is formed, and is heated to a temperature of 800 ° C. to obtain an AlN ceramic heater having a different resistance heating element material. It was.
[0042]
A wafer pocket with a diameter of 315 mm and a wafer thickness of 0.8 mm was processed on the surface of each ceramic heater on the side where the wafer is placed. At that time, processing is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the angle θ formed between the measurement surface in the outer periphery of the wafer pocket and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket, and the outside of the bottom portion connecting the measurement surface in the outer periphery of the wafer pocket and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket The curvature R of the periphery was changed for each sample as shown in Table 4 below.
[0043]
With respect to the ceramic heater thus obtained, the temperature of the ceramic heater is raised to 500 ° C. by flowing current from the two electrodes formed on the opposite surface of the wafer mounting surface to the resistance heating element at a voltage of 200V. Warm up. At that time, a silicon wafer having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a diameter of 304 mm was placed on the wafer pocket of the ceramic heater, and the surface temperature distribution was measured to obtain the thermal uniformity. The obtained results are shown in Table 4 below for each sample.
[0044]
[Table 4]
Figure 0003979264
[0045]
As shown in Table 4 above, in the ceramic heater in which the resistance heating element is made of Mo, Pt, Ag—Pd, and Ni—Cr, as in the case of the resistance heating element of W shown in Example 1, the wafer mounting is performed. The angle θ formed between the inner peripheral surface of the wafer pocket formed on the surface and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket is 90 ° <θ ≦ 170 °, or the curvature R of the outer peripheral edge of the wafer pocket is R ≧ 0.1 mm. As a result, the thermal uniformity of the wafer surface during heating of the wafer could be reduced to ± 0.5% or less without cracking the ceramic heater.
[0046]
Example 5
Using a paste obtained by adding and kneading a sintering aid, a binder, a dispersant, and alcohol to aluminum nitride (AlN) powder, molding was performed by a doctor blade method to obtain a green sheet having a thickness of about 0.5 mm.
[0047]
Next, after drying this green sheet at 80 ° C. for 5 hours, a paste obtained by kneading tungsten powder and a sintering aid with a binder is printed and applied onto the surface of one green sheet, and a predetermined circuit pattern is formed. A resistance heating element layer was formed. Further, another green sheet was similarly dried, and the tungsten paste was printed on the surface to form a plasma electrode layer. A total of 50 green sheets having these two conductive layers and a green sheet on which no conductive layer was printed were stacked and integrated by heating to a temperature of 140 ° C. while applying a pressure of 70 kg / cm 2 .
[0048]
The obtained laminate was degreased at 600 ° C. for 5 hours in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, and then hot pressed at a pressure of 100 to 150 kg / cm 2 and a temperature of 1800 ° C. to obtain an AlN plate having a thickness of 3 mm. Obtained. This was cut into a disk shape having a diameter of 380 mm, and the outer periphery thereof was polished until the diameter became 330 mm.
[0049]
Thereafter, a wafer pocket with a diameter of 315 mm and a depth of the wafer thickness of 0.8 mm was processed on the surface on which the wafer was placed. At that time, processing is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the angle θ formed between the measurement surface in the outer periphery of the wafer pocket and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket, and the outside of the bottom portion connecting the measurement surface in the outer periphery of the wafer pocket and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket. The curvature R of the periphery was changed for each sample as shown in Table 5 below. In this manner, an AlN ceramic heater (structure shown in FIG. 2) having a resistance heating element of W and a plasma electrode therein was obtained.
[0050]
About the obtained ceramic heater, the temperature of the ceramic heater was raised to 500 degreeC by flowing an electric current through the resistance heating element with the voltage of 200V from two electrodes formed in the opposite surface of a wafer mounting surface. At that time, a silicon wafer having a thickness of 0.8 mm and a diameter of 304 mm was placed on the wafer pocket of the ceramic heater, and the surface temperature distribution was measured to obtain the thermal uniformity. The obtained results are shown in Table 5 below for each sample.
[0051]
[Table 5]
Figure 0003979264
[0052]
As can be seen from Table 5 above, even in the case of an aluminum nitride ceramic heater having a resistance heating element and a plasma electrode, the inner surface of the wafer pocket formed on the wafer mounting surface and the bottom surface of the wafer pocket are formed. Wafer surface at the time of wafer heating without cracking the ceramic heater by setting the angle θ to 90 ° <θ ≦ 170 ° or the curvature R of the outer periphery of the bottom of the wafer pocket to R ≧ 0.1 mm It was possible to make the soaking uniformity of ± 0.5% or less.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the ceramic heater is provided with a wafer pocket for accommodating and mounting the wafer, and the shape thereof is devised, so that the ceramic heater is not cracked during the heat treatment, and heat radiation from the outer peripheral surface of the mounted wafer is achieved. Therefore, it is possible to provide a ceramic heater for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus in which the heat uniformity of the wafer mounting surface is improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a specific example of a wafer pocket provided on a wafer mounting surface side of a ceramic heater in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a specific example of a ceramic heater according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing another specific example of the ceramic heater according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1, 11 Ceramic heater 2a, 2b, 12a, 12b, 12c Ceramic substrate 3, 13 Resistance heating element 4, 14a, 14b Adhesive layer 5, 15 Wafer pocket 5a Bottom surface 5b Outer peripheral inner side surface 5c Bottom outer periphery 6 Wafer 16 Plasma electrode

Claims (4)

セラミックス基板の表面又は内部に抵抗発熱体を有する半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーターであって、該セラミックスヒーターのウェハを載置する側の面に、ウェハを収容載置できる大きさの底面が平らな凹部を有し、該凹部の外周内側面と底面とがなす角度が90°を超え170°以下であり、且つ該凹部の外周内側面と底面とを連接する底部外周縁の曲率が0.1mm以上であり、かつウェハ載置面と反対側の面が一つの平坦な面であることを特徴とする半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーター。  A ceramic heater for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus having a resistance heating element on the surface or inside of a ceramic substrate, wherein the bottom surface of the ceramic heater has a flat bottom surface large enough to accommodate and mount the wafer. The angle formed by the outer peripheral inner side surface and the bottom surface of the recess is more than 90 ° and not more than 170 °, and the curvature of the bottom outer peripheral edge connecting the outer peripheral inner surface and the bottom surface of the recess is 0.1 mm or more A ceramic heater for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus, wherein the surface opposite to the wafer mounting surface is a flat surface. 前記セラミックス基板が、窒化アルミニウム、窒化珪素、酸窒化アルミニウム、炭化珪素から選ばれた少なくとも1種からなることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載された半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーター。  The ceramic heater for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic substrate is made of at least one selected from aluminum nitride, silicon nitride, aluminum oxynitride, and silicon carbide. 前記抵抗発熱体が、タングステン、モリブデン、白金、パラジウム、銀、ニッケル、クロムから選ばれた少なくとも1種からなることを特徴とする、請求項1又は2のいずれか一項に記載された半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーター。The resistive heating element, tungsten, molybdenum, platinum, palladium, silver, characterized in that it consists of at least one selected from nickel, chromium, semiconductor manufacturing as claimed in any of claims 1 or 2 Ceramic heater for equipment. 前記セラミックス基板の表面又は内部に、更にプラズマ電極が配置されていることを特徴とする、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載された半導体製造装置用セラミックスヒーター。The ceramic heater for a semiconductor manufacturing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a plasma electrode is further disposed on or inside the ceramic substrate.
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