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JP3979960B2 - Darkening agent and darkening method - Google Patents
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JP3979960B2 - Darkening agent and darkening method - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP3979960B2
JP3979960B2 JP2003120138A JP2003120138A JP3979960B2 JP 3979960 B2 JP3979960 B2 JP 3979960B2 JP 2003120138 A JP2003120138 A JP 2003120138A JP 2003120138 A JP2003120138 A JP 2003120138A JP 3979960 B2 JP3979960 B2 JP 3979960B2
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Prior art keywords
darkening
acid
agent
agent according
silica
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JP2004353093A (en
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邦明 前島
和忠 西野
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Nippon Chemical Industrial Co Ltd
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Nippon Chemical Industrial Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N7/00Television systems
    • H04N7/18Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast
    • H04N7/181Closed-circuit television [CCTV] systems, i.e. systems in which the video signal is not broadcast for receiving images from a plurality of remote sources
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/02Input arrangements using manually operated switches, e.g. using keyboards or dials
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING OR CALCULATING; COUNTING
    • G06FELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/01Input arrangements or combined input and output arrangements for interaction between user and computer
    • G06F3/03Arrangements for converting the position or the displacement of a member into a coded form
    • G06F3/033Pointing devices displaced or positioned by the user, e.g. mice, trackballs, pens or joysticks; Accessories therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L69/00Network arrangements, protocols or services independent of the application payload and not provided for in the other groups of this subclass
    • H04L69/16Implementation or adaptation of Internet protocol [IP], of transmission control protocol [TCP] or of user datagram protocol [UDP]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N5/00Details of television systems
    • H04N5/76Television signal recording
    • H04N5/765Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus
    • H04N5/77Interface circuits between an apparatus for recording and another apparatus between a recording apparatus and a television camera

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Coloring (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は繊維の濃色化方法に関する。特に、着色されたポリエステルおよびウール繊維、織物の発色性を改善し、深みのある色調を発色させ、一段と濃い色合いと鮮明性を付与し、耐白化性を向上する濃色化剤およびそれを用いる濃色化方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来より、合成繊維の大きな欠点として、ウール、絹などの天然繊維に比べて染色物の色に深みや鮮明性が劣る点が挙げられている。特にポリエステル系繊維は防しわ性やウォシュ・アンド・ウェア性に優れているためその需要が高まっているが、ポリマーの屈折率が高く、繊維構造が緻密なため、染料が繊維の中まで十分に浸透せず、発色性に劣るという問題があった。このため、染色物の鮮明性や色の深みを改善すべく研究が続けられ、いくつかの成果が報告されている。しかしながら、未だ充分な効果の得られる技術が確立されておらず、様々な開発が続けられている。また、近年では製品価値を向上させる目的で、従来濃色化要望の少なかったウールの濃色加工も実施されてきた。染色された繊維の濃色化方法としては、表面に微細な凹凸を付与するいわゆるミクロクレーター効果に基づく方法や、低屈折率化合物処理による効果等が知られている。前者のミクロクレーター効果の原理に基づくものとしては、酸化ケイ素であるシリカ微粒子を用いた方法について種々の報告がある。
【0003】
特開昭56−112583号公報では粒子径10〜20nmのシリカ微粒子を用いることを提案している。しかしながら、この方法では余りに粒子径が小さすぎてミクロクレーター効果による濃色化効果が不十分である。粒子径20〜120nmのシリカ微粒子を用いる方法は特開平9−256280号公報に記載されている。同公報ではアルミナで被覆して正に帯電したカチオン性粒子が特によいとし、アミノ基含有シランカップリング剤を使用する方法とは異なるものであると記載している。このシリカ微粒子を使用した濃色化剤は高い性能が期待できるが、実施例に記載されているようにアルミナで被覆処理をする工程は煩雑な上、加熱処理や長時間の熟成が必要になり、原料の塩基性塩化アルミは金属腐食性のため取り扱い容器が限定されるなど、製造コストが高くなる欠点がある。
【0004】
特開平2−259160号公報には、アミノ基を有するシランカップリング剤で処理された酸化ケイ素微粒子を繊維に付着した状態で低温プラズマ処理する繊維の濃色化法が開示されている。しかし、この方法は粒子径20nm以下のコロイダルシリカを使用しているため、充分な濃色化効果を得るためには、低温プラズマ処理を必要とし工業的生産には実用的でない。
【0005】
また、特開平3−269171号公報には、染色されたポリエステル繊維布帛をポリエポキシド化合物を含む処理液で加熱処理したのち、該ポリエステル繊維布帛をアミノ基を有するシリカ粒子で処理する深色化方法が開示されている。この方法に用いられるアミノ基を有するシリカ微粒子は、平均粒子径1〜5ミクロンの微粉末シリカにアミノシランを反応させて得られる。ここで使用されるシリカ微粉末は、ヒュームドシリカと呼ばれる製品で微粒子が2次凝集しており、いかなる方法においても1次粒子に完全に分散できないことが知られている。そのため、水分散した処理剤で粒子の沈降が起こり、付着斑が発生するなどし、大規模な工業的生産には実用的でない。
【0006】
特開平4−214482号公報においては、染色後のポリエステル繊維布帛をポリエポキシド化合物を含む処理液で加熱処理した後、屈折率が1.5以下のアミノ基を有するシリカ微粒子および、アミノ変性シリコンで処理するポリエステル繊維の濃色化方法が開示されている。この方法のシリカ微粒子もヒュームドシリカと呼ばれる製品で上記のように大規模な工業的生産には実用的でない。
【0007】
【特許文献1】
特開昭56−112583号
【特許文献2】
特開平2−259160号
【特許文献3】
特開平3−269171号
【特許文献4】
特開平4−214482号
【特許文献5】
特開平9−256280号
【0008】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明者らは上記の課題を解決し、工業的規模においても操業が容易であり、均一でかつ効果的な濃色化方法を得るべく鋭意検討した結果、特定の粒子径のコロイダルシリカを酸触媒の存在下でアミノ基含有シランカップリング剤で表面処理して得た正に帯電したカチオン性コロイダルシリカを含有する濃色化剤を使用することで、ミクロクレーター効果による優れた濃色化効果を得ることを見い出し、本発明に到達した。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
即ち本発明は、粒子径が30〜120nmのコロイダルシリカをアミノ基含有シランカップリング剤で、25℃における酸解離定数pKa値が3〜5である有機酸を触媒として表面処理して得た正に帯電したカチオン性コロイダルシリカを含有し、該有機酸によりpH2〜6の酸性に調整されていることを特徴とする濃色化剤を提供するものである。
本発明はまた、シリコーン化合物をさらに含有することを特徴とする前記の濃色化剤を提供するものである。
さらに本発明は、水溶性ないし水エマルジョン型の樹脂を含有することを特徴とする前記の濃色化剤を提供するものである。
本発明はさらに、ポリエステル染色物に前記の濃色化剤を付着させ、これを120℃以上200℃以下の温度で熱処理を行い固定化することを特徴とするポリエステル染色物の濃色化方法を提供するものである。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。
(シリカ微粒子)
本発明で使用するシリカ微粒子は、平均粒径が30〜120nmであれば特に製造方法は問わない。有利には、市販のコロイダルシリカを使用することができる。このコロイダルシリカは、アルカリ性のコロイダルシリカからイオン交換によってアルカリを除去した製品でアニオン性として市販されている。
【0011】
(アミノ基含有シランカップリング剤)
本発明のシリカ微粒子を表面処理して得た正に帯電した微粒子を製造するために使用されるシランカップリング剤としては、N−β(アミノエチル)γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシラン、N−β(アミノエチル)γ−アミノプロピルメチルジメトキシシラン、γ−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシラン、N−フェニル−γ−アミノプロピルトリメトキシシランなどが挙げられる。
【0012】
(酸)
本発明において、シリカ微粒子をアミノ基含有シランカップリング剤で処理するに際しては、酸の存在下で行うのが好ましい。また、処理後の本発明のコロイダルシリカを含有する濃色化剤は酸を含有し、pH2から6の酸性に調整されていることが好ましく、より好ましくは3から5の範囲である。酸はカップリング処理の触媒としても作用し、カップリング剤のアルコキシ基の加水分解を促進してシリカ粒子表面との結合を確実にし、また常温下での反応時間を短縮することが出来る。
正電荷のコロイドはpH6以上のアルカリ性では不安定となり、凝集を起こしたりゲルを生じたりする。このため、組成物の液性を酸性に保つことが必要であり、処理する繊維からのアルカリ性物質の溶出などに対しても、コロイドの安定性を確保出来るようにすることが重要である。ただし、2より低いpHは染料を変質させたり、処理装置の腐食を生じたりするため好ましくない。
【0013】
上記のような性能を発現するためには、酸触媒としては25℃における酸解離定数pKa値が2以上の有機酸であることが好ましく、より好ましくはpKa値が3から5の範囲の有機酸である。このような酸としては、安息香酸(pKa値:4.21)、エチレンジアミン4酢酸(同:2.0)、蟻酸(同:3.75)、クエン酸(同:3.13)、コハク酸(同:4.21)、酢酸(同:4.76)、サリチル酸(同:2.96)、酒石酸(同:3.04)、プロピオン酸(同:4.87)などが挙げられる。中でも酢酸はpKa値が3から5の範囲にあり、使用しやすく安価であるので好ましい。このような酸は、0.1〜1モル/Lの濃度で配合することが好ましい。0.1〜1モル/Lの濃度で配合すると、組成物はそのpKa値に近いpH値となり、その組成物を10倍に希釈したり、0.1モル程度のアルカリの混入があったりしてもpH値がほとんど変化しない、いわゆる緩衝作用を示すため、コロイドの安定性を得るうえでも好適である。さらに、5より高いpKaの酸では酸触媒能力が不十分であり、コロイドも不安定となり、2より低いpKaの酸は処理装置の腐食や染料の変質を生じるため好ましくない。
【0014】
本発明の濃色化剤は、基本的には上記の如き成分より構成され、乳白色半透明の水性コロイド状液体であり、溶媒としては水が一般的に用いられる。濃色化剤中のシリカ粒子成分は5〜50wt%の範囲にあり、酸はシリカ粒子1kgに対して1〜10モルの範囲にあり、シランカップリング剤はシリカ粒子1kgに対して0.1〜1モルの範囲にある。本発明の濃色化剤は使用時に水で10〜100倍程度に希釈して使用される。
【0015】
(シリコーン化合物)
また、本発明の濃色化剤には、シリコーン化合物を固形分として1.0〜30wt%の範囲で配合する事により、プラズマ加工等、特殊な加工法を用いなくても、パッドードライーキュア法と浸漬法により濃色加工が実施出来、且つ濃色加工された製品はチョーキング(白化)防止、風合向上等製品の完成度を向上させる事が可能である。
【0016】
本発明で使用されるシリコーン化合物としては、ポリキロキサン、シランカップリング剤等を挙げることが出来る。ポリキロキサンとしては、ジメチルポリシロキサン、メチルハイドロジエンポリシロキサン、メチルフェニルポリシロキサン、エポキシ変性ポリシロキサン、アルキル変性ポリシロキサン、アミノ変性ポリシロキサン、カルボキシ変性ポリシロキサン、アルコール変性ポリシロキサン、フッ素変性ポリシロキサン、ポリエーテル変性ポリシロキサン、アルキルアラルキル変性ポリシロキサン、あるいはこれらの任意の混合物、共重合物等が使用できる。これらのポリシロキサンは通常、水性ポリシロキサン樹脂組成物として市販されており、そのまま配合に用いる事が可能である。
【0017】
(樹脂)
本発明の濃色化剤には、水溶性ないし水性エマルジョン型の樹脂を固形分として1.0〜30wt%の範囲で配合することができる。本発明に用いられる水溶性ないし水エマルジョン型の樹脂成分としては、酢酸ビニル樹脂、メラミン樹脂、グリオキザール樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、アクリル樹脂等が挙げられ、水溶液または水エマルジョンの形で用いられる。
【0018】
本発明の濃色化が適用される範囲としては、繊維、固体を問わず広く染色表面に適用することが可能である。繊維としては、天然繊維、合成繊維を問わず使用することができるが、その中でも合成繊維が効果が大きい。とくにポリエステル繊維は、その特質上、繊維構造が緻密であり、染料の付着が表面に留まり、色の鮮明さや深みに欠けるのであるが、これを本発明の濃色化剤で処理し、ついで120℃以上200℃以下の温度で熱処理を行い濃色化剤を固定化する濃色化方法が効果的である。120℃より低い温度では固定化が不十分のため色調の耐久性に欠け、200℃より高い温度ではカップリング剤等の分解が起こり鮮やかな色調が得られない。
【0019】
本発明の濃色化方法は、上記発明の濃色化剤を用い、吸着量コントロールを簡易にし、複雑な装置を必要とせず、作業も単純化でき、優れた方法となっている。パッド−ドライ−キュア法や浸漬法により簡単に行うことが出来る事が特長であり、プラズマ処理等の特殊な加工は不要である。その際、濃色化剤の付着量は対象となる処理物100重量部に対して、0.1〜2.0重量部となるように処理することが好ましい。
【0020】
本発明は、特定の粒子範囲を満たす正に帯電した微粒子を繊維表面に付着させることにより、プラズマ処理等の特殊処理を要せずとも顕著な濃色化効果を発揮することを見出したものであり、これら粒子を含有する本発明の濃色化剤にて処理することによって、繊維表面の色はより鮮明に且つ深みのある色調に発色される。
【0021】
【実施例】
以下実施例により本発明をさらに詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0022】
実施例1
(濃色化剤の調製)
正に帯電した微粒子のカチオン性コロイダルシリカは以下の様にして調製した。コロイダルシリカとしては、それぞれ平均粒子径の異なる、シリカ濃度20wt%の酸性のコロイダルシリカ液を使用した。粒子径は(株)島津製作所製のフローソーブ2300を用いて、BET法による比表面積から換算した。この酸性のコロイダルシリカは、アルカリ性のコロイダルシリカからイオン交換によってアルカリを除去した製品でアニオン性として市販されている。
【0023】
まず、50重量部のイオン交換水に工業用99%酢酸2重量部を加え、均一に混合した後、上記コロイダルシリカ50重量部を加えて均一に攪拌混合した。次いで、γ−アミノプロピルトリエトキシシランを1重量部加えた。このまま攪拌を16時間継続してカップリング剤の反応を完結させて、固形分濃度が約10wt%、pHが3.9の濃色化剤を得た。得られた濃色化剤は表1の番号5〜12に記載した。
濃色化剤中のシリカ粒子の電荷は、Coulter社製のDELSA440SX電気泳動光散乱法ゼータ電位測定装置により測定を行い、正に帯電していることを確認した。測定は濃色化剤を10倍に純水で希釈して行い、測定条件は電流0.296mA、パルスON2.5s、OFF0.5s、温度25℃とした。例えば、表1の番号8の濃色化剤はゼータ電位は48.4mVであった。測定の際に10倍希釈液のpHを測定したが3.79であり、原液のpH3.90からの変化が極微であることを確認した。
【0024】
(濃色化処理方法)
以上の方法によって得られた粒子径の異なるカチオン性粒子のコロイダルシリカと、粒子径の異なる未処理の負に帯電したアニオン性粒子のコロイダルシリカを用い、黒に染色したポリエステル布(ジョーゼット)を以下の方法で処理した後、濃色化効果を評価した。
濃色化剤を希釈して固形分濃度4g/Lとし、表1に示した浴を作り、室温ないし40℃に保ちパッドした後、マングルで絞り率約100%に絞り、120℃で3分間ドライした後、さらに170℃で1分間のキュアを行った。シリカ微粒子の付着量は対ポリエステル布重量あたり0.4wt%となるようにした。濃色化剤の溶液の種類とその評価結果を表1に示す。
【0025】
(濃色化効果の評価)
濃色化効果は、東京電色株式会社製デジタルスペクトロフォトメーター(ERP−80WX型)を使用して未処理布のL、a、b値を測定し、処理した布のL値との差−ΔLを求めた。L値(明度)は小さいほど黒発色性が良好であることを示し、L値の差が0.5以上あれば目で見たときに違いが判り、1以上であれば充分な濃色化効果が得られたと言える。
【0026】
【表1】

Figure 0003979960
【0027】
表1の結果から、粒子径が30〜120nmの範囲において濃色効果が最も効果的であることが見出された。そして負に帯電したアニオン性微粒子に比較して、正に帯電したカチオン性微粒子で処理したものが優れた濃色効果を示すことが見出された。
【0028】
実施例2
実施例1で使用した濃色化剤で黒に染色したウール織物を処理した結果を表2に示す。ただし、処理浴のpHは6.0に調整した。処理方法及び評価方法は、実施例1と同じである。
【0029】
【表2】
Figure 0003979960
【0030】
表2の結果からも、粒子径が30〜120nmの正に帯電したカチオン性微粒子で処理したものが優れた濃色効果を示すことが見出された。
【0031】
実施例3
表3に示す成分を用いて濃色化処理のための液を配合し、実施例1と同様の処理を行い、L値の評価と、チョークマーク(白化)性について評価した。チョークマーク性は大栄化学精器製作所社製の摩擦堅牢度試験器で評価した。目視外観観察も含めて総合評価を判定した。
表中、○は非常に良好、×は不良を示し、△はその中間を示す。それらの結果を表3に示した。
【0032】
【表3】
Figure 0003979960
【0033】
表中、アミノシリコーン(別名ポリアミノシロキサン)は固形分30wt%の水性エマルジョンであり、酢酸ビニルエマルジョンは固形分40wt%の水性エマルジョンである。
【0034】
表3の結果からも、粒子径が30〜120nmの正に帯電したカチオン性微粒子からなる濃色化剤は優れた濃色効果を示し、シリコーン化合物や合成樹脂を配合することでチョークマーク(白化)性にも優れた効果が得られることが見出された。
【0035】
実施例4
実施例3で調整した番号5の濃色化剤を用いて、青色、黄色、赤色、ピンク色に染色したポリエステル布(ジョーゼット)を実施例1と同じ処理方法により濃色化処理を行い、4色いずれにおいても優れた濃色化効果が得られた。
【0036】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明で示される通り、特定範囲の粒子径を有する正帯電性シリカ微粒子を用いることにより顕著な濃色効果を得ることができた。近年、進歩の著しいポリエステル新合繊分野では濃色が得られ難いと言われる。この分野に貢献できるものと考える。また、広く固体の濃色化方法にも応用可能である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for darkening fibers. In particular, a coloring agent that improves the color developability of colored polyester and wool fibers and fabrics, develops a deep color tone, imparts a deeper color tone and sharpness, and improves whitening resistance and uses the same. The present invention relates to a darkening method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a major drawback of synthetic fibers is that the depth and clarity of the dyed color is inferior to natural fibers such as wool and silk. In particular, polyester fibers are increasing in demand because they are excellent in wrinkle resistance and wash-and-wear properties. However, because the refractive index of the polymer is high and the fiber structure is dense, the dye is fully contained in the fiber. There was a problem that it did not penetrate and was poor in color developability. For this reason, research has been continued to improve the clarity and color depth of dyeings, and several results have been reported. However, a technique that can still obtain a sufficient effect has not been established, and various developments are being continued. In recent years, for the purpose of improving the product value, the deep color processing of wool, which has been less demanded of dark color, has been carried out. As a method for darkening the dyed fiber, a method based on a so-called microcrater effect for imparting fine irregularities to the surface, an effect by treatment with a low refractive index compound, and the like are known. Based on the principle of the former microcrater effect, there are various reports on methods using silica fine particles which are silicon oxide.
[0003]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-112583 proposes the use of silica fine particles having a particle diameter of 10 to 20 nm. However, in this method, the particle diameter is too small and the darkening effect due to the microcrater effect is insufficient. A method using silica fine particles having a particle diameter of 20 to 120 nm is described in JP-A-9-256280. The publication states that positively charged cationic particles coated with alumina are particularly good, and are different from the method using an amino group-containing silane coupling agent. Although the thickening agent using the silica fine particles can be expected to have high performance, the process of coating with alumina is complicated as described in the examples, and heat treatment and aging for a long time are required. The basic aluminum chloride as a raw material has a drawback that the manufacturing cost is high, such as a limited container for metal corrosiveness.
[0004]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2-259160 discloses a method for darkening fibers by performing low-temperature plasma treatment with silicon oxide fine particles treated with a silane coupling agent having an amino group attached to the fibers. However, since this method uses colloidal silica having a particle diameter of 20 nm or less, in order to obtain a sufficient darkening effect, low-temperature plasma treatment is required and it is not practical for industrial production.
[0005]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-269171 discloses a deep coloration method in which a dyed polyester fiber fabric is heated with a treatment liquid containing a polyepoxide compound, and then the polyester fiber fabric is treated with silica particles having an amino group. It is disclosed. The silica fine particles having an amino group used in this method are obtained by reacting aminosilane with fine powder silica having an average particle size of 1 to 5 microns. It is known that the fine silica powder used here is a product called fumed silica, in which fine particles are secondarily aggregated and cannot be completely dispersed in the primary particles by any method. For this reason, sedimentation of particles occurs due to the water-dispersed treatment agent and adhesion spots occur, which is not practical for large-scale industrial production.
[0006]
In JP-A-4-214482, a dyed polyester fiber fabric is heat-treated with a treatment liquid containing a polyepoxide compound, and then treated with silica fine particles having an amino group having a refractive index of 1.5 or less, and amino-modified silicon. A method for darkening polyester fibers is disclosed. The silica fine particles of this method are also products called fumed silica and are not practical for large-scale industrial production as described above.
[0007]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-112583 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-2-259160 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-3-269171 [Patent Document 4]
JP-A-4-214482 [Patent Document 5]
JP-A-9-256280
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The inventors of the present invention have solved the above-mentioned problems, and have eagerly studied to obtain a uniform and effective darkening method that is easy to operate even on an industrial scale. As a result, colloidal silica having a specific particle diameter is converted into an acid. Excellent darkening effect due to microcrater effect by using thickening agent containing positively charged cationic colloidal silica obtained by surface treatment with amino group-containing silane coupling agent in the presence of catalyst The present invention has been reached.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention is obtained by subjecting colloidal silica having a particle size of 30 to 120 nm to a surface treatment using an amino group-containing silane coupling agent and an organic acid having an acid dissociation constant pKa value of 3 to 5 at 25 ° C. as a catalyst. The present invention provides a darkening agent characterized in that it contains a cationic colloidal silica that is electrically charged and is adjusted to an acidity of pH 2 to 6 with the organic acid .
The present invention also provides the above darkening agent, which further contains a silicone compound.
Furthermore, the present invention provides the above-mentioned color thickener characterized by containing a water-soluble or water-emulsion type resin.
The present invention further provides a method for darkening a polyester dyeing, characterized in that the above-mentioned color-enhancing agent is attached to the polyester dyeing and fixed by performing a heat treatment at a temperature of 120 ° C. or more and 200 ° C. or less. It is to provide.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
(Silica fine particles)
The silica fine particles used in the present invention are not particularly limited as long as the average particle size is 30 to 120 nm. Advantageously, commercially available colloidal silica can be used. This colloidal silica is a product obtained by removing an alkali from an alkaline colloidal silica by ion exchange and is commercially available as anionic.
[0011]
(Amino group-containing silane coupling agent)
As a silane coupling agent used for producing positively charged fine particles obtained by surface treatment of the silica fine particles of the present invention, N-β (aminoethyl) γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, N-β (Aminoethyl) γ-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane, γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, N-phenyl-γ-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane and the like can be mentioned.
[0012]
(acid)
In the present invention, when the silica fine particles are treated with the amino group-containing silane coupling agent, the treatment is preferably performed in the presence of an acid. Moreover, it is preferable that the thickening agent containing the colloidal silica of the present invention after treatment contains an acid and is adjusted to an acidity of pH 2 to 6, more preferably in the range of 3 to 5. The acid also acts as a catalyst for the coupling treatment, promotes hydrolysis of the alkoxy group of the coupling agent to ensure bonding with the silica particle surface, and shortens the reaction time at room temperature.
A positively charged colloid becomes unstable when the pH is 6 or higher, and causes aggregation or gel formation. For this reason, it is necessary to keep the liquidity of the composition acidic, and it is important to ensure the stability of the colloid against elution of an alkaline substance from the fiber to be treated. However, a pH lower than 2 is not preferable because the dye is denatured or the processing apparatus is corroded.
[0013]
In order to exhibit the above performance, the acid catalyst is preferably an organic acid having an acid dissociation constant pKa value of 2 or more at 25 ° C., more preferably an organic acid having a pKa value in the range of 3 to 5. It is. Examples of such acids include benzoic acid (pKa value: 4.21), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (same as 2.0), formic acid (same as 3.75), citric acid (same as 3.13), and succinic acid. (Same as 4.21), acetic acid (same as 4.76), salicylic acid (same as 2.96), tartaric acid (same as 3.04), propionic acid (same as 4.87), and the like. Among them, acetic acid is preferable because it has a pKa value in the range of 3 to 5, is easy to use, and is inexpensive. Such an acid is preferably blended at a concentration of 0.1 to 1 mol / L. When blended at a concentration of 0.1 to 1 mol / L, the composition will have a pH value close to its pKa value, and the composition may be diluted 10 times or may contain about 0.1 mol of alkali. However, since it exhibits a so-called buffering action in which the pH value hardly changes, it is suitable for obtaining the stability of the colloid. Furthermore, an acid having a pKa higher than 5 has insufficient acid catalytic ability and the colloid is unstable, and an acid having a pKa lower than 2 is not preferable because it causes corrosion of the processing apparatus and alteration of the dye.
[0014]
The darkening agent of the present invention is basically composed of the above components and is a milky white translucent aqueous colloidal liquid, and water is generally used as a solvent. The silica particle component in the thickening agent is in the range of 5 to 50 wt%, the acid is in the range of 1 to 10 mol with respect to 1 kg of silica particles, and the silane coupling agent is 0.1 to 1 kg of silica particles. It is in the range of ˜1 mol. The darkening agent of the present invention is used after diluting with water to about 10 to 100 times.
[0015]
(Silicone compound)
Further, the thickening agent of the present invention contains a silicone compound in the range of 1.0 to 30 wt% as a solid content, so that pad-drying can be performed without using a special processing method such as plasma processing. Dark color processing can be carried out by the curing method and the dipping method, and the product subjected to the dark color processing can improve the completeness of the product, such as prevention of choking (whitening) and improvement of texture.
[0016]
Examples of the silicone compound used in the present invention include polykiloxan and silane coupling agents. Polykiloxan includes dimethylpolysiloxane, methylhydrogenpolysiloxane, methylphenylpolysiloxane, epoxy-modified polysiloxane, alkyl-modified polysiloxane, amino-modified polysiloxane, carboxy-modified polysiloxane, alcohol-modified polysiloxane, fluorine-modified polysiloxane, poly Ether-modified polysiloxane, alkylaralkyl-modified polysiloxane, or any mixture or copolymer thereof can be used. These polysiloxanes are usually marketed as aqueous polysiloxane resin compositions and can be used as they are.
[0017]
(resin)
In the darkening agent of the present invention, a water-soluble or aqueous emulsion type resin can be blended in the range of 1.0 to 30 wt% as a solid content. Examples of the water-soluble or water-emulsion type resin component used in the present invention include vinyl acetate resin, melamine resin, glyoxal resin, epoxy resin, acrylic resin, and the like, which are used in the form of an aqueous solution or water emulsion.
[0018]
The range to which the darkening of the present invention is applied can be widely applied to the dyed surface regardless of fiber or solid. As the fiber, natural fiber and synthetic fiber can be used regardless of which, synthetic fiber is particularly effective. In particular, polyester fiber has a dense fiber structure due to its characteristics, and dye adhesion stays on the surface, and lacks in vividness and depth of color. This is treated with the darkening agent of the present invention, and then 120. A darkening method in which heat treatment is performed at a temperature of not lower than 200 ° C and not higher than 200 ° C to fix the darkening agent is effective. When the temperature is lower than 120 ° C., the fixation is insufficient due to insufficient fixation, and when the temperature is higher than 200 ° C., the coupling agent or the like is decomposed and a vivid color tone cannot be obtained.
[0019]
The darkening method of the present invention is an excellent method that uses the darkening agent of the above invention, simplifies the control of the amount of adsorption, does not require a complicated apparatus, and can simplify the work. It is characterized in that it can be easily performed by a pad-dry-cure method or an immersion method, and special processing such as plasma treatment is unnecessary. In that case, it is preferable to process so that the adhesion amount of a darkening agent may be set to 0.1-2.0 weight part with respect to 100 weight part of object processed objects.
[0020]
The present invention has been found that by attaching positively charged fine particles satisfying a specific particle range to the fiber surface, a remarkable darkening effect is exhibited without requiring special treatment such as plasma treatment. The color of the fiber surface is developed with a clearer and deeper color tone by treating with the thickening agent of the present invention containing these particles.
[0021]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0022]
Example 1
(Preparation of darkening agent)
Positively charged fine particle cationic colloidal silica was prepared as follows. As the colloidal silica, acidic colloidal silica liquids each having a silica concentration of 20 wt% and having different average particle diameters were used. The particle diameter was converted from the specific surface area by the BET method using Flowsorb 2300 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. This acidic colloidal silica is a product obtained by removing alkali from an alkaline colloidal silica by ion exchange and is commercially available as anionic.
[0023]
First, 2 parts by weight of industrial 99% acetic acid was added to 50 parts by weight of ion-exchanged water and mixed uniformly, and then 50 parts by weight of the colloidal silica was added and stirred and mixed uniformly. Next, 1 part by weight of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane was added. Stirring was continued for 16 hours to complete the reaction of the coupling agent to obtain a darkening agent having a solid concentration of about 10 wt% and a pH of 3.9. The obtained darkening agents are listed in numbers 5 to 12 in Table 1.
The charge of the silica particles in the darkening agent was measured with a DELSA440SX electrophoretic light scattering zeta potential measurement device manufactured by Coulter, and confirmed to be positively charged. The measurement was performed by diluting the darkening agent 10 times with pure water, and the measurement conditions were current 0.296 mA, pulse ON 2.5 s, OFF 0.5 s, and temperature 25 ° C. For example, the thickener of No. 8 in Table 1 has a zeta potential of 48.4 mV. During the measurement, the pH of the 10-fold diluted solution was measured to be 3.79, and it was confirmed that the change from the pH 3.90 of the stock solution was minimal.
[0024]
(Density processing method)
Using a colloidal silica of cationic particles with different particle diameters obtained by the above method and a colloidal silica of untreated negatively charged anionic particles with different particle diameters, a polyester cloth (Georgette) dyed black is obtained. After processing by the following method, the darkening effect was evaluated.
Dilute the darkening agent to a solids concentration of 4 g / L, make the bath shown in Table 1, pad at room temperature to 40 ° C, squeeze to 100% with mangle, and squeeze at 120 ° C for 3 minutes. After drying, curing was further performed at 170 ° C. for 1 minute. The amount of silica fine particles attached was 0.4 wt% per weight of the polyester fabric. Table 1 shows the types of the darkening agent solutions and the evaluation results.
[0025]
(Evaluation of darkening effect)
The darkening effect was determined by measuring the L, a, and b values of the untreated cloth using a digital spectrophotometer (ERP-80WX type) manufactured by Tokyo Denshoku Co., Ltd., and the difference from the L value of the treated cloth − ΔL was determined. The smaller the L value (lightness), the better the black color developability. If the difference in L value is 0.5 or more, the difference can be seen visually, and if it is 1 or more, sufficient darkening is achieved. It can be said that the effect was obtained.
[0026]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003979960
[0027]
From the results of Table 1, it was found that the dark color effect is most effective when the particle diameter is in the range of 30 to 120 nm. Then, it was found that those treated with positively charged cationic fine particles showed an excellent dark color effect as compared with negatively charged anionic fine particles.
[0028]
Example 2
Table 2 shows the results of treating the wool fabric dyed black with the thickening agent used in Example 1. However, the pH of the treatment bath was adjusted to 6.0. The processing method and the evaluation method are the same as in Example 1.
[0029]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003979960
[0030]
From the results in Table 2, it was also found that those treated with positively charged cationic fine particles having a particle size of 30 to 120 nm showed an excellent dark color effect.
[0031]
Example 3
A liquid for darkening treatment was blended using the components shown in Table 3, and the same treatment as in Example 1 was performed to evaluate the L value and the chalk mark (whitening) property. The chalk mark property was evaluated with a friction fastness tester manufactured by Daiei Chemical Seiki Seisakusho. Comprehensive evaluation was judged including visual appearance observation.
In the table, ○ indicates very good, × indicates poor, and Δ indicates the middle. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0032]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003979960
[0033]
In the table, aminosilicone (also called polyaminosiloxane) is an aqueous emulsion having a solid content of 30 wt%, and vinyl acetate emulsion is an aqueous emulsion having a solid content of 40 wt%.
[0034]
From the results shown in Table 3, the thickening agent composed of positively charged cationic fine particles having a particle size of 30 to 120 nm exhibits an excellent darkening effect, and a chalk mark (whitening) is obtained by blending a silicone compound or a synthetic resin. It has been found that an excellent effect can be obtained.
[0035]
Example 4
Using the darkening agent of No. 5 prepared in Example 3, a polyester fabric (georgette) dyed in blue, yellow, red, pink is subjected to a darkening treatment by the same treatment method as in Example 1, An excellent darkening effect was obtained for all four colors.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As shown in the above description, a remarkable dark color effect can be obtained by using positively chargeable silica fine particles having a particle diameter in a specific range. In recent years, it is said that it is difficult to obtain a deep color in the field of polyester new synthetic fabrics that have made remarkable progress. I think it can contribute to this field. Further, it can be widely applied to a method for darkening solids.

Claims (6)

粒子径が30〜120nmのコロイダルシリカをアミノ基含有シランカップリング剤で、25℃における酸解離定数pKa値が3〜5である有機酸を触媒として表面処理して得た正に帯電したカチオン性コロイダルシリカを含有し、該有機酸によりpH2〜6の酸性に調整されていることを特徴とする濃色化剤。Positively charged cationic property obtained by surface-treating colloidal silica having a particle size of 30 to 120 nm with an amino group-containing silane coupling agent and an organic acid having an acid dissociation constant pKa value of 3 to 5 at 25 ° C. as a catalyst . containing colloidal silica, characterized that you have been adjusted by organic acid acidic pH2~6 darkening agents. 酸が酢酸であることを特徴とする請求項記載の濃色化剤。Darkening agent according to claim 1, wherein the acid is acetic acid. シリコーン化合物をさらに含有することを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の濃色化剤。The darkening agent according to claim 1 or 2 , further comprising a silicone compound. 水溶性または水性エマルジョン型の樹脂をさらに含有することを特徴とする請求項1からのいずれか1項記載の濃色化剤。The darkening agent according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , further comprising a water-soluble or aqueous emulsion type resin. 請求項1からのいずれか1項記載の濃色化剤を使用したポリエステルまたはウールの濃色化方法。A method for darkening polyester or wool using the darkening agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 . ポリエステル染色物に請求項1からのいずれか1項記載の濃色化剤を付着させ、これを120℃以上200℃以下の温度で熱処理を行い固定化することを特徴とするポリエステル染色物の濃色化方法。A polyester dyeing product comprising the polyester dyeing product, wherein the darkening agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is attached and heat-treated at a temperature of 120 ° C or higher and 200 ° C or lower and fixed. Darkening method.
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