JP3984476B2 - Continuous casting method of cast slab with few bubble defects and manufactured slab - Google Patents
Continuous casting method of cast slab with few bubble defects and manufactured slab Download PDFInfo
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、鋳型に浸漬ノズルを介して溶鋼を注湯し、この溶鋼を凝固させて表面及び表層欠陥の無い鋳片を製造する気泡欠陥の少ない鋳片の連続鋳造方法及び製造された鋳片に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、溶鋼鍋からタンディッシュに受湯し、タンディッシュの底部に設けた浸漬ノズルを介して鋳型に注湯して鋳型による冷却を行なった後、支持セグメントに配置したスプレーノズルから冷却水を噴霧しながら凝固させて鋳片の製造が行われる。この浸漬ノズルを用いて溶鋼を鋳型に注湯する際、溶鋼中の介在物が浸漬ノズル内に付着するため、吐出口が閉塞して注湯が不可能になったり、溶鋼の吐出流が偏流して鋳造操業の継続に支障をきたす事態を招く。また、付着した介在物が剥離して溶鋼中に混入して介在物に起因した欠陥を生じる。
【0003】
この問題を解消するため、浸漬ノズルにアルゴンガスを送給し、浸漬ノズルへの介在物の付着の防止と、鋳型内の介在物をアルゴンガス気泡によって浮上させて溶鋼中から分離し、介在物に起因する欠陥を防止することが行われている。しかし、アルゴンガスを吹き込むことによって浸漬ノズル内の介在物の付着を抑制することはできたが、吹き込まれたアルゴンガスの気泡が溶鋼の凝固によって形成される凝固殻に捕捉され、この気泡が圧延加工時に表面に露出し、線状あるいは膨れ等の表面疵になり、製造された鋼板の品質を損なう問題が生じた。
【0004】
この対策として、一般的には、鋳造速度を遅くし、鋳型内の溶鋼中のアルゴンガス気泡を浮上させ、気泡が凝固殻に捕捉されるのを防止することが行われている。更に、特開平9−192801号公報、特開2000−202603号公報等のように、移動磁場型等の通常の電磁攪拌装置を用い、鋳型内の溶鋼の吐出流の下向きの流れを抑制して溶鋼中のアルゴンガス気泡の浮上を促進したり、鋳型の内壁に沿って旋回する溶鋼の流れを形成し、凝固殻の近傍のアルゴンガス気泡や介在物の凝固殻への付着を防止して清浄な凝固殻を形成し、気泡欠陥、介在物欠陥等を防止することが行われている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、鋳造速度を遅くして鋳型内の溶鋼中のアルゴンガス気泡を浮上させる方法では、鋳造速度が大幅に低下し、連続鋳造装置の生産性が低下したり、一回当たりの溶鋼量が大きい場合、この溶鋼が放熱によって温度低下を生じ、鋳造末期の溶鋼の温度が目標温度から低目側に外れ、低温度に起因した地金付着や浸漬ノズル詰まり等から鋳造操業の継続に支障を生じる。更に、特開平9−192801号公報、特開2000−202603号公報等のように、移動磁場型等の通常の電磁攪拌装置を用い、鋳型内の溶鋼の吐出流の下向きの流れを抑制して溶鋼中のアルゴンガス気泡の浮上を促進したり、鋳型の内壁に沿って旋回する溶鋼の流れを形成する方法では、上向きの溶鋼流によるパウダーの巻き込み、あるいは旋回流の下方に体積する介在物や気泡が存在し、これ等が新たな欠陥が生じたり、電磁攪拌等の装置の設置に多大の費用を要し、使用中の電力消費の増加等の問題がある。
【0006】
本発明はかかる事情に鑑みてなされたもので、簡単で、しかも安価に溶鋼中のアルゴンガス気泡が凝固殻に捕捉されるのを抑制し、表面欠陥を防止して優れた品質の鋳片を製造し、この鋳片を圧延加工を施した鋼材の品質を向上することができる気泡欠陥の少ない鋳片の連続鋳造方法及び製造された鋳片を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的に沿う本発明に係る気泡欠陥の少ない鋳片の連続鋳造方法は、溶鋼鍋からタンディッシュに受湯してから該タンディッシュの底部に設けた浸漬ノズルから前記溶鋼を鋳型に注湯し、前記鋳型により冷却して溶鋼を凝固させながら引き抜く鋳片の連続鋳造方法において、前記浸漬ノズルに0.5NL/分以上のアルゴンガスを送給し、下式を満たす鋳造条件及び前記溶鋼の成分濃度にして連続鋳造する。
Y=N・Vc・D・W・sinθ/A≦90000
N=79C質量%+208848S質量%+14339N質量%+1280865O質量%
【0008】
この方法により、鋳造条件と溶鋼の表面張力勾配を適正な値を満たすように鋳造するため、鋳型内の溶鋼中に吹き込まれたアルゴンガスの気泡が凝固殻の内側に捕捉されるを抑制することができる。
ここで、Vcは鋳造速度(m/分)、Dは鋳片の厚み(m)、Wは鋳片の幅(m)、θは浸漬ノズルの下向き角度(deg)、Aは浸漬ノズルの吐出口の総断面積(m2 )、Nは、溶鋼の成分濃度により計算される表面張力勾配値であり、Cは溶鋼中の炭素質量%、Sは溶鋼中の硫黄質量%、Nは溶鋼中の窒素質量%、Oは溶鋼中の酸素質量%である。
なお、Y値が90000を超えると、浸漬ノズルの吐出口からの溶鋼の下向きの速度が大きくなり、凝固殻全面での溶鋼の表面張力勾配の関係から凝固殻の内側にアルゴンガス気泡が捕捉され易くなり、鋳片の表層の気泡が増加し、この鋳片に圧延加工を施した鋼材の表面、あるいは表層に気泡性の欠陥が発生する。
【0009】
更に、本発明に係る気泡欠陥の少ない鋳片は、溶鋼鍋からタンディッシュに受湯してから該タンディッシュの底部に設けた浸漬ノズルから0.5NL/分以上のアルゴンガスを送給し、下式を満たす鋳造条件及び溶鋼の成分濃度で連続鋳造により製造する。
Y=N・Vc・D・W・sinθ/A≦90000
N=79C質量%+208848S質量%+14339N質量%+1280865O質量%
【0010】
この鋳片は、鋳造条件と溶鋼の表面張力勾配を適正な値を満たすように鋳造するため、鋳型内の溶鋼中に吹き込まれたアルゴンガスの気泡が凝固殻の内側に捕捉されるのを抑制しているので、鋳片の初期の凝固殻(表層)に捕捉された気泡を少なくした鋳片を製造することができる。
そして、この鋳片に圧延加工を施して製造した鋼材に発生する気泡に起因した線状の欠陥、膨れ欠陥等を防止して品質を向上することができる。
ここで、Vcは鋳造速度(m/分)、Dは鋳片の厚み(m)、Wは鋳片の幅(m)、θは浸漬ノズルの下向き角度(deg)、Aは浸漬ノズルの吐出口の総断面積(m2 )、Nは、溶鋼の成分濃度により計算される表面張力勾配値であり、Cは溶鋼中の炭素質量%、Sは溶鋼中の硫黄質量%、Nは溶鋼中の窒素質量%、Oは溶鋼中の酸素質量%である。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
続いて、添付した図面を参照しつつ、本発明を具体化した実施の形態につき説明し、本発明の理解に供する。図1は本発明の一実施の形態に係る気泡欠陥の少ない鋳片の連続鋳造方法に適用される連続鋳造装置の説明図、図2は浸漬ノズル部の拡大図である。図1および図2に示すように、本発明の一実施の形態に係る気泡欠陥の少ない鋳片の連続鋳造方法に用いられる連続鋳造装置Aにおいて、タンディッシュ1内の溶鋼2は鋳型3に浸漬ノズル4を介して注湯される。このとき、溶鋼中の介在物のノズルへの付着によるノズル閉塞を防止するため、さらには、連鋳鋳型内の介在物を浮上分離させるために浸漬ノズル4の内部に連通したアルゴンガスの供給管10を設けており、アルゴンガスは浸漬ノズル4のスリット11を通り、ポーラス耐火物層12から、ノズル内に吹き込まれる。鋳型内に注湯された溶鋼2は、鋳型3および複数の支持ロール群より構成される支持セグメント5により支持されながら、支持セグメント5に付設した図示しない冷却ノズルからの冷却水の噴射により、外側から凝固が進行し、ピンチロール6により鋳片7として引き抜きが行われる。
【0012】
次に、本実施の形態に係る気泡欠陥の少ない鋳片の連続鋳造方法について連続鋳造装置Aを用い説明する。溶鋼鍋から溶鋼2をタンディッシュ1に受湯し、このタンディッシュ1の底部に設けた浸漬ノズル4から溶鋼2を内部を水冷した鋳型3に注湯し、鋳型3により冷却して溶鋼を凝固させなる。この鋳型3の冷却によって、凝固殻を形成し、更に、鋳型3の下方に配置された支持セグメント5による案内とスプレーノズルによる冷却によって凝固が進行し、軽圧下ロールセグメント9を用いて未凝固部を圧着して後、完全に凝固した鋳片7をピンチロール6により所定の速度で引き抜きを行う。浸漬ノズル4から溶鋼2を鋳型3に注湯する際、浸漬ノズル4に連通したアルゴンガス供給管10からアルゴンガスを送給し、浸漬ノズル4の内部に設けたスリット10を介してポーラス耐火物層11から0.5NL/分以上の量のアルゴンガスを吹き込む。
【0013】
更に、溶鋼2の成分及び鋳造条件として下式を満たすように調整して溶鋼2の連続鋳造を行う。
Y=N・Vc・D・W・sinθ/A≦90000 ‥‥ (1)
ここで、Vcは鋳造速度(m/分)、Dは鋳片の厚み(m)、Wは鋳片の幅(m)、θは浸漬ノズルの下向き角度(deg)、Aは浸漬ノズルの吐出口の総断面積(m2 )、Nは、溶鋼の成分濃度により計算される値である。
また、N値については、下記溶鋼の成分を用いて求められる下式を満たす条件にする。
N=79C質量%+208848S質量%+14339N質量%+1280865O質量% ‥‥ (2)
ここで、Cは溶鋼中の炭素質量%、Sは溶鋼中の硫黄質量%、Nは溶鋼中の窒素質量%、Oは溶鋼中の酸素質量%である。
【0014】
前記(1)式に適用する(2)式で表すN値は、溶鋼中に含まれる成分(元素)の凝固時の固液分配により、連続鋳造中の凝固殻(凝固シェル)の前面に形成される濃度境界層中に侵入したアルゴンガスを凝固シュルに吸引する力の大小を表すものである。すなわち、刊行物:「鉄と鋼」80(1994)p527に示されているように、凝固シュル前面の濃度勾配によって形成される表面張力勾配∂Y/∂Xによりアルゴンガスを吸引する速度Vは(3)式で表される。
V=−(2d/9μ)(∂Y/∂X)=−(2d/9μ)(∂Y/∂C)(∂C/∂X ‥‥ (3)
ここで、dはアルゴンガスの径、μは溶鋼の粘度、Yは溶鋼の表面張力、Xは凝固界面からの距離である。また、∂Y/∂Xは表面張力勾配、∂Y/∂Cは表面張力の成分濃度Cの依存項、∂C/∂Xは成分濃度の勾配である。
【0015】
凝固の定常状態を考えると、バルク溶鋼中の成分濃度をCo、平均分配係数をkとすれば、凝固シェルと溶鋼界面の成分濃度はCo/kで表され、濃度境界層の幅をδとして直線的な濃度分布を仮定すると、濃度勾配は次式で表される。
∂C/∂X=(Co/k−Co)/δ=(1−k)k・Co/δ ‥‥(4)
よって、(4)式は(5)式のように書き直すことができる。
V=−(2d/9μ)(∂Y/∂X)=−(2d/9μ)(∂Y/∂C)(1−k)k・Co/δ ‥‥ (5)
【0016】
次に、(5)式の右辺の成分濃度に関する項だけ取り出し、全ての構成元素に対して総和をとると、(6)式が得られる。
Z値=ΣY(i)・{1−k(i)}/k(i)・C(i) ‥‥ (6)
ここで、Y(i)=−∂Y/∂C(i)(mN/m/mass%)は鉄の表面張力Yに及ぼすi元素の影響を表す濃度係数(添加した際に表面張力を低下させる場合を正の値とする)で公知刊行物「マテリア、vol,36(1997).p.47」等に示されている。k(i)は鉄中のi元素の平衡分配係数で公知刊行物「第3版鉄鋼便覧I,日本鉄鋼協会編(1981)、p.193」等で示されている。C(i)はi元素の質量%、Σは構成元素に対する総和を示す。
【0017】
Z値に大きな影響を及ぼす元素は、C(炭素)、S(硫黄)、N(窒素)、O(酸素)であり、(2)式に示すような、これらの元素だけで計算したN値を用いても、実用上問題なくアルゴンガス気泡の捕捉程度を推定できる。ただし、計算に用いる成分濃度としては、表面張力に影響を与える溶鋼中に単独(フリー)の形で溶解している濃度であり、化合物(窒化物、酸化物など)の形で存在している濃度は影響を及ぼさないことに注意すべきである。
【0018】
次に、(1)式のVc・D・W/A×sinθは、溶鋼中の気泡の鋳型内への侵入深さに対応するものである。すなわち、Vc・D・Wは鋳型への注入速度(m3 /min)、Vc・D・W/Aは浸漬ノズルの吐出口における断面平均注入速度(m/min)であり、Vc・D・W/A×sinθはその垂直下向きの速度成分を表す。よって、上記(2)式で計算される気泡の捕捉力が同じ場合、これらの値が大きな鋳造条件ほど捕捉の程度は益々顕著になるものと考えられる。
【0019】
さらに、本発明者らは、種々の組成の溶鋼を種々の鋳造条件で鋳造し、(1)式で計算されるY値と鋳片に捕捉されたアルゴンガスの個数との関係を調査した結果を図3に示す。図3は本発明のY値と鋳片の気泡捕捉指数の関係を表すグラフである。この図3に示すようにY値を90000以下とすることで、アルゴンガスの凝固シェルへの捕捉を防止し工業的に無害な0.1個/cm3 以下のレベルまで低減できることを知見した。言い換えると、Y値が90000以下となるように成分と鋳造条件を調整することで、気泡性の欠陥を計画的に低減できることになる。
【0020】
【実施例】
次に、気泡欠陥の少ない鋳片の連続鋳造方法及び製造された鋳片の実施例について説明する。
表1に示す化学成分の溶鋼350トン(溶鋼鍋容量)を鋳型内寸が250mm厚みの図1に示すような連続鋳造装置で、アルゴンガスの吹き込み量を5NL/minとし、Y値を90000以下となるようにして鋳造した。鋳造後は、鋳片の表層(表面から0〜20mm)に捕捉されたガスの個数をX線探傷法で調査すると共に、圧延後の気泡性欠陥の発生状況についても一貫的に調査した。N値が大きく気泡の捕捉されやすいD,I,Jのような鋼種でも、本発明例にしたがって、鋳造速度、鋳片幅、浸漬ノズルの吐出角度、浸漬ノズルの吐出面積を制御してY値が90000以下になるように制御することで、鋳片の表層に捕捉されたアルゴンガス気泡の個数が少ない品質の良好な鋳片を工業的に安定して得られることが判った。
【0021】
【表1】
【0022】
以上、本発明の実施の形態を説明したが、本発明は、上記した形態に限定されるものでなく、要旨を逸脱しない条件の変更等は全て本発明の適用範囲である。例えば、本実施の形態で説明したY値を90000以下にし、同時に電磁攪拌、あるいは鋳型の内側壁に沿った旋回流を付与する攪拌方法等を組み合わせて用いることができる。更に、浸漬ノズルに送給するアルゴンガスは、アルゴンガスの他にアルゴンガスに窒素ガスを混合した気体を用いたり、アルゴンガス以外の不活性ガスを用いることもできる。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明により、簡単で、しかも安価に溶鋼中のアルゴンガス気泡が凝固殻に捕捉されるのを抑制し、表面欠陥を防止して優れた品質の鋳片を製造でき、この鋳片を圧延加工を施した鋼材の品質を向上することができる。特に、鋳造条件と溶鋼の表面張力勾配とを適正な値にして鋳造するため、アルゴンガス気泡が凝固殻の内側に捕捉されるを抑制し、鋳片の表層に形成する気泡を防止できる。そして、この鋳片に圧延加工を施して製造した鋼材に発生する気泡に起因した線状の欠陥、膨れ欠陥等を防止して品質を向上することができる等極めて優れた効果を奏するものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の一実施の形態に係る気泡欠陥の少ない鋳片の連続鋳造方法に適用される連続鋳造装置の説明図である。
【図2】浸漬ノズル部の拡大図である。
【図3】本発明のY値と鋳片の気泡捕捉指数の関係を表すグラフである。
【符号の説明】
A 連続鋳造装置
1 タンディッシュ
2 溶鋼
3 鋳型
4 浸漬ノズル
5 支持セグメント
6 ピンチロール
7 鋳片
8 曲げ戻し矯正点
9 軽圧下ロールセグメント
10 アルゴンガス供給管
11 スリット
12 ポーラス耐火物層
13 吐出口[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a continuous casting method of a slab having few bubble defects and a slab produced by pouring molten steel into a mold through an immersion nozzle and solidifying the molten steel to produce a slab having no surface and surface layer defects. About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, hot water is received in a tundish from a molten steel pan, poured into a mold through an immersion nozzle provided at the bottom of the tundish, cooled by the mold, and then sprayed with cooling water from a spray nozzle arranged in a support segment. While being solidified, the slab is manufactured. When pouring molten steel into a mold using this immersion nozzle, inclusions in the molten steel adhere to the immersion nozzle, so that the discharge port is blocked and pouring is impossible, or the discharge flow of molten steel is uneven. This causes a situation that hinders the continuation of the casting operation. In addition, the attached inclusions are peeled off and mixed into the molten steel to cause defects due to the inclusions.
[0003]
In order to solve this problem, argon gas is supplied to the immersion nozzle to prevent the inclusions from adhering to the immersion nozzle, and the inclusions in the mold are floated by argon gas bubbles and separated from the molten steel. Defects resulting from the problem have been prevented. However, it was possible to suppress the inclusion of inclusions in the immersion nozzle by blowing argon gas, but the bubbled argon gas bubbles were trapped in the solidified shell formed by solidification of the molten steel, and these bubbles were rolled. When exposed to the surface during processing, it becomes a surface defect such as a linear or swollen surface, resulting in a problem of deteriorating the quality of the manufactured steel sheet.
[0004]
As a countermeasure against this, generally, the casting speed is reduced, the argon gas bubbles in the molten steel in the mold are floated, and the bubbles are prevented from being trapped by the solidified shell. Furthermore, as in JP-A-9-192801 and JP-A-2000-202603, etc., a downward electromagnetic flow of molten steel in the mold is suppressed by using a normal magnetic stirring device such as a moving magnetic field type. Promotes the floating of argon gas bubbles in the molten steel, forms a flow of molten steel that swirls along the inner wall of the mold, and prevents adhesion of argon gas bubbles and inclusions in the vicinity of the solidified shell to the solidified shell. A solidified shell is formed to prevent bubble defects, inclusion defects, and the like.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the method in which the argon gas bubbles in the molten steel in the mold are floated by slowing the casting speed, the casting speed is greatly reduced, the productivity of the continuous casting apparatus is lowered, or the amount of molten steel per one time is large. In this case, the temperature of the molten steel decreases due to heat dissipation, and the temperature of the molten steel at the end of casting deviates from the target temperature to the lower side, causing problems in the continuation of casting operation due to adhesion of metal and clogging of the immersion nozzle due to the low temperature. . Furthermore, as in JP-A-9-192801 and JP-A-2000-202603, etc., a downward electromagnetic flow of molten steel in the mold is suppressed by using a normal magnetic stirring device such as a moving magnetic field type. In the method of promoting the floating of argon gas bubbles in the molten steel or forming the flow of molten steel swirling along the inner wall of the mold, the inclusion of powder entrained by the upward molten steel flow, There are bubbles, and these cause new defects, and installation of a device such as electromagnetic stirring requires a large amount of cost, resulting in an increase in power consumption during use.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and it is simple and inexpensive to suppress the trapping of argon gas bubbles in molten steel by the solidified shell, thereby preventing surface defects and producing an excellent quality slab. It is an object of the present invention to provide a continuous casting method of a slab with few bubble defects and a manufactured slab, which can improve the quality of a steel material produced by rolling the slab.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A continuous casting method for a slab with few bubble defects according to the present invention, in which the molten steel is poured into a mold from an immersion nozzle provided at the bottom of the tundish after receiving the molten metal from the molten steel pan. In the continuous casting method of a slab that is cooled by the mold and pulled out while solidifying the molten steel, argon gas of 0.5 NL / min or more is supplied to the immersion nozzle, and the casting conditions satisfying the following formula and the components of the molten steel Continuous casting at a concentration.
Y = N · Vc · D · W · sinθ / A ≦ 90000
N = 79C mass% + 208848S mass% + 14339N mass% + 1280865O mass%
[0008]
By this method, the casting conditions and the surface tension gradient of the molten steel are cast so as to satisfy an appropriate value, so that bubbles of argon gas blown into the molten steel in the mold are suppressed from being trapped inside the solidified shell. Can do.
Where Vc is the casting speed (m / min), D is the slab thickness (m), W is the slab width (m), θ is the downward angle (deg) of the immersion nozzle, and A is the discharge of the immersion nozzle. Total cross-sectional area of outlet (m 2 ), N is a surface tension gradient value calculated by component concentration of molten steel, C is carbon mass% in molten steel, S is sulfur mass% in molten steel, N is in molten steel The nitrogen mass% and O are the oxygen mass% in the molten steel.
When the Y value exceeds 90000, the downward speed of the molten steel from the discharge port of the immersion nozzle increases, and argon gas bubbles are trapped inside the solidified shell due to the surface tension gradient of the molten steel over the entire solidified shell. It becomes easy, and bubbles on the surface layer of the slab increase, and a bubble defect is generated on the surface of the steel material or surface layer of which the slab is rolled.
[0009]
Furthermore, the slab with few bubble defects according to the present invention is fed argon gas of 0.5 NL / min or more from an immersion nozzle provided at the bottom of the tundish after receiving hot water from the molten steel pan to the tundish, Manufactured by continuous casting under casting conditions and molten steel component concentrations that satisfy the following formula.
Y = N · Vc · D · W · sinθ / A ≦ 90000
N = 79C mass% + 208848S mass% + 14339N mass% + 1280865O mass%
[0010]
Since this slab is cast so that the casting conditions and the surface tension gradient of the molten steel satisfy the appropriate values, the bubbles of argon gas blown into the molten steel in the mold are prevented from being trapped inside the solidified shell. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a slab with fewer bubbles trapped in the initial solidified shell (surface layer) of the slab.
And it is possible to improve the quality by preventing linear defects, blistering defects and the like due to bubbles generated in the steel material produced by rolling the slab.
Where Vc is the casting speed (m / min), D is the slab thickness (m), W is the slab width (m), θ is the downward angle (deg) of the immersion nozzle, and A is the discharge of the immersion nozzle. Total cross-sectional area of outlet (m 2 ), N is a surface tension gradient value calculated by component concentration of molten steel, C is carbon mass% in molten steel, S is sulfur mass% in molten steel, N is in molten steel The nitrogen mass% and O are the oxygen mass% in the molten steel.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings for understanding of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a continuous casting apparatus applied to a continuous casting method of a slab with few bubble defects according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an immersion nozzle portion. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in a continuous casting apparatus A used in a continuous casting method for a slab with few bubble defects according to an embodiment of the present invention, molten steel 2 in a tundish 1 is immersed in a mold 3. Hot water is poured through the
[0012]
Next, the continuous casting method of the slab with few bubble defects according to the present embodiment will be described using the continuous casting apparatus A. The molten steel 2 is received by the tundish 1 from the molten steel pan, and the molten steel 2 is poured from the
[0013]
Furthermore, the molten steel 2 is continuously cast by adjusting the components of the molten steel 2 and the casting conditions so as to satisfy the following formula.
Y = N · Vc · D · W · sin θ / A ≦ 90,000 (1)
Where Vc is the casting speed (m / min), D is the slab thickness (m), W is the slab width (m), θ is the downward angle (deg) of the immersion nozzle, and A is the discharge of the immersion nozzle. The total cross-sectional area (m 2 ) and N of the outlet are values calculated from the component concentration of the molten steel.
Moreover, about N value, it is set as the conditions which satisfy | fill the following formula calculated | required using the component of the following molten steel.
N = 79C mass% + 208848S mass% + 14339N mass% + 1280865O mass% (2)
Here, C is carbon mass% in the molten steel, S is sulfur mass% in the molten steel, N is nitrogen mass% in the molten steel, and O is oxygen mass% in the molten steel.
[0014]
The N value represented by the formula (2) applied to the formula (1) is formed on the front surface of the solidified shell (solidified shell) during continuous casting by solid-liquid distribution during solidification of the components (elements) contained in the molten steel. This represents the magnitude of the force for sucking the argon gas that has entered the concentration boundary layer into the solidification shell. That is, as shown in the publication: “Iron and Steel” 80 (1994) p527, the rate V of sucking argon gas by the surface tension gradient ∂Y / ∂X formed by the concentration gradient of the front surface of the solidified shell is It is represented by the formula (3).
V = − (2d / 9μ) (∂Y / ∂X) = − (2d / 9μ) (∂Y / ∂C) (∂C / ∂X (3)
Here, d is the diameter of the argon gas, μ is the viscosity of the molten steel, Y is the surface tension of the molten steel, and X is the distance from the solidification interface. Further, ∂Y / ∂X is a surface tension gradient, ∂Y / ∂C is a dependent term of component concentration C of surface tension, and ∂C / ∂X is a gradient of component concentration.
[0015]
Considering the steady state of solidification, if the component concentration in the bulk molten steel is Co and the average distribution coefficient is k, the component concentration at the solidified shell-molten steel interface is represented by Co / k, and the width of the concentration boundary layer is δ. Assuming a linear concentration distribution, the concentration gradient is expressed by the following equation.
∂C / ∂X = (Co / k−Co) / δ = (1−k) k · Co / δ (4)
Therefore, equation (4) can be rewritten as equation (5).
V = − (2d / 9μ) (∂Y / ∂X) = − (2d / 9μ) (∂Y / ∂C) (1-k) k · Co / δ (5)
[0016]
Next, when only the term relating to the component concentration on the right side of equation (5) is taken out and summed for all the constituent elements, equation (6) is obtained.
Z value = ΣY (i) · {1−k (i)} / k (i) · C (i) (6)
Here, Y (i) = − ∂Y / ∂C (i) (mN / m / mass%) is a concentration coefficient representing the effect of the i element on the surface tension Y of iron (the surface tension decreases when added). In the known publication "Materia, vol, 36 (1997). P.47" and the like. k (i) is an equilibrium distribution coefficient of the element i in iron and is shown in a publicly-known publication “Third Edition Steel Handbook I, edited by Japan Iron and Steel Institute (1981), p. 193”. C (i) represents the mass% of the element i, and Σ represents the sum of the constituent elements.
[0017]
Elements that greatly affect the Z value are C (carbon), S (sulfur), N (nitrogen), and O (oxygen), and the N value calculated only by these elements as shown in the equation (2). Even if it is used, the trapping degree of argon gas bubbles can be estimated without any practical problem. However, the component concentration used for the calculation is the concentration dissolved in the molten steel that affects the surface tension in a single (free) form, and exists in the form of a compound (nitride, oxide, etc.). Note that the concentration has no effect.
[0018]
Next, Vc · D · W / A × sin θ in the equation (1) corresponds to the penetration depth of bubbles in the molten steel into the mold. That is, Vc · D · W is the injection rate into the mold (m 3 / min), Vc · D · W / A is the cross-sectional average injection rate (m / min) at the discharge port of the immersion nozzle, and Vc · D · W W / A × sin θ represents the vertical downward velocity component. Therefore, when the bubble trapping force calculated by the above equation (2) is the same, it is considered that the degree of trapping becomes more conspicuous as the casting conditions have larger values.
[0019]
Furthermore, the present inventors have cast molten steels having various compositions under various casting conditions, and have investigated the relationship between the Y value calculated by equation (1) and the number of argon gas trapped in the slab. Is shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the Y value of the present invention and the bubble trapping index of the slab. As shown in FIG. 3, it was found that by setting the Y value to 90000 or less, it is possible to prevent the argon gas from being trapped in the solidified shell and to reduce the level to 0.1 harm / cm 3 or less which is industrially harmless. In other words, by adjusting the components and casting conditions so that the Y value is 90000 or less, it is possible to systematically reduce bubble defects.
[0020]
【Example】
Next, an example of a continuous casting method for cast slabs with few bubble defects and manufactured slabs will be described.
350 tons (molten steel pan capacity) of the chemical components shown in Table 1 is a continuous casting apparatus as shown in FIG. 1 with a mold inner dimension of 250 mm thickness, the argon gas blowing rate is 5 NL / min, and the Y value is 90000 or less. The casting was carried out as follows. After casting, the number of gases trapped in the surface layer (0 to 20 mm from the surface) of the slab was investigated by the X-ray flaw detection method, and the occurrence state of bubble defects after rolling was also consistently investigated. Even for steel types such as D, I, and J, which have large N values and air bubbles are easily trapped, the Y value can be controlled by controlling the casting speed, slab width, discharge angle of the immersion nozzle, and discharge area of the immersion nozzle according to the present invention example. It was found that, by controlling so as to be 90000 or less, a good quality slab with a small number of argon gas bubbles trapped in the surface layer of the slab can be obtained industrially stably.
[0021]
[Table 1]
[0022]
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and all changes in conditions and the like that do not depart from the gist are within the scope of the present invention. For example, the Y value described in the present embodiment can be set to 90000 or less, and electromagnetic stirring or a stirring method for applying a swirling flow along the inner wall of the mold can be used in combination. Furthermore, as the argon gas fed to the immersion nozzle, a gas in which nitrogen gas is mixed with argon gas can be used in addition to argon gas, or an inert gas other than argon gas can be used.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to produce a slab of excellent quality by suppressing the trapping of argon gas bubbles in the molten steel in the solidified shell easily and inexpensively, preventing surface defects, The quality of the steel material obtained by rolling this slab can be improved. In particular, since casting is performed with an appropriate value for the casting conditions and the surface tension gradient of the molten steel, it is possible to suppress trapping of argon gas bubbles inside the solidified shell, and to prevent bubbles formed in the surface layer of the slab. And, it exhibits extremely excellent effects such as the ability to improve the quality by preventing linear defects, blistering defects and the like due to bubbles generated in the steel material produced by rolling the slab. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a continuous casting apparatus applied to a continuous casting method for a slab with few bubble defects according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of an immersion nozzle portion.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the Y value of the present invention and the bubble trapping index of a slab.
[Explanation of symbols]
A Continuous casting apparatus 1 Tundish 2 Molten steel 3
Claims (2)
Y=N・Vc・D・W・sinθ/A≦90000
N=79C質量%+208848S質量%+14339N質量%+1280865O質量%
ここで、Vcは鋳造速度(m/分)、Dは鋳片の厚み(m)、Wは鋳片の幅(m)、θは浸漬ノズルの下向き角度(deg)、Aは浸漬ノズルの吐出口の総断面積(m2 )、Nは、溶鋼の成分濃度による表面張力勾配値であり、Cは溶鋼中の炭素質量%、Sは溶鋼中の硫黄質量%、Nは溶鋼中の窒素質量%、Oは溶鋼中の酸素質量%である。In a continuous casting method of a slab that receives hot water from a molten steel pan in a tundish, then pours the molten steel into a mold from an immersion nozzle provided at the bottom of the tundish, and cools the molten steel by solidification by cooling with the mold. The continuous casting of a slab with few bubble defects, characterized in that an argon gas of 0.5 NL / min or more is fed to the immersion nozzle and is continuously cast at a casting condition satisfying the following formula and a component concentration of the molten steel Method.
Y = N · Vc · D · W · sinθ / A ≦ 90000
N = 79C mass% + 208848S mass% + 14339N mass% + 1280865O mass%
Where Vc is the casting speed (m / min), D is the slab thickness (m), W is the slab width (m), θ is the downward angle (deg) of the immersion nozzle, and A is the discharge of the immersion nozzle. Total cross-sectional area (m 2 ) of outlet, N is surface tension gradient value depending on component concentration of molten steel, C is carbon mass% in molten steel, S is sulfur mass% in molten steel, N is nitrogen mass in molten steel % And O are oxygen mass% in the molten steel.
Y=N・Vc・D・W・sinθ/A≦90000
N=79C質量%+208848S質量%+14339N質量%+1280865O質量%
ここで、Vcは鋳造速度(m/分)、Dは鋳片の厚み(m)、Wは鋳片の幅(m)、θは浸漬ノズルの下向き角度(deg)、Aは浸漬ノズルの吐出口の総断面積(m2 )、Nは、溶鋼の成分濃度により計算される値であり、Cは溶鋼中の炭素質量%、Sは溶鋼中の硫黄質量%、Nは溶鋼中の窒素質量%、Oは溶鋼中の酸素質量%である。After receiving the hot water from the molten steel pan into the tundish, argon gas of 0.5 NL / min or more is fed from the immersion nozzle provided at the bottom of the tundish, and continuous casting is performed with the casting conditions and the molten steel component concentration satisfying the following formula: A slab with few bubble defects, characterized by being manufactured by
Y = N · Vc · D · W · sinθ / A ≦ 90000
N = 79C mass% + 208848S mass% + 14339N mass% + 1280865O mass%
Where Vc is the casting speed (m / min), D is the slab thickness (m), W is the slab width (m), θ is the downward angle (deg) of the immersion nozzle, and A is the discharge of the immersion nozzle. Total cross-sectional area (m 2 ) of outlet, N is a value calculated by the component concentration of molten steel, C is carbon mass% in molten steel, S is sulfur mass% in molten steel, N is nitrogen mass in molten steel % And O are oxygen mass% in the molten steel.
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