JP3985482B2 - Bulking agent for recycled paper and method for producing recycled paper - Google Patents
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、嵩高剤に関し、詳しくは古紙を原料とする再生紙の嵩高性および吸油性を向上することができ、製造装置や紙への付着汚れを低減することができる嵩高剤、およびその嵩高剤を用いた再生紙の製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、資源の有効利用や環境保護などの観点から古紙の再利用の重要性が増加している。古紙の再生は、通常、回収された後、離解し、古紙パルプスラリーとし、水酸化ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、ケイ酸ナトリウム等のアルカリ剤、脱墨剤および過酸化水素、次亜塩素酸塩などの漂白剤を添加し、古紙パルプからインキを脱離させ、ついで脱離インキをフローテーションにより古紙パルプスラリーから分離する方法が採用されている。
古紙を原料とする再生紙にはいくつかの問題点があるが、中でも嵩高性の低下は最大の問題点であった。これは、古紙のパルプ繊維はバージンパルプの繊維に比べて短繊維化しているため、再生紙の嵩高性が低くなるためである。
【0003】
再生紙の嵩高性を向上する方法として、パルプに架橋剤を反応させる方法が特開平4−185791号公報および特開平4−185792号公報に開示されている。しかし、これらの方法は、架橋後の解繊時に繊維が短繊維化し、嵩高性の向上が十分ではない。
また架橋剤を使用しないで、嵩高性を向上させる方法も提案されている。ジ長鎖アルキル型4級アンモニウム塩を含有する添加剤を使用する方法が特開昭63−165597号公報に、ジアルキル型4級アンモニウム塩およびグリセリンと水または炭素数4以下の脂肪族アルコールを含有する添加剤を使用する方法が特開平4−100995号公報に、ラノリンおよびラノリン誘導体を含有する添加剤を使用する方法が特開昭53−147803号公報に、カチオン性オリゴマーを含有する添加剤を使用する方法が特開昭63−251409号公報に、ポリアミド誘導体を含有する添加剤を使用する方法が特開昭51−38600号公報に開示されている。
さらに、油脂または糖アルコール系非イオン性界面活性剤を用いた添加剤を使用する方法が特開平11−200283号公報に、4級アンモニウム塩、アルキルアミンおよびベタイン型両性界面活性剤と非イオン性界面活性剤とを併用した添加剤を使用する方法が特開平11−269799号公報に開示されている。
しかし、これら添加剤を使用する方法では、嵩高性の向上は満足できるレベルではなかった。
【0004】
これら以外にも、架橋剤や添加剤を使用しない方法として、物理的に繊維を毛羽立たせ、パルプの嵩高性を向上させるという方法がある。しかし、この方法も嵩高性の向上が不十分であるうえに、煩雑な操作の繰り返しが必要である。
また、古紙を原料とする再生紙の有効な利用方法として、人体からの油やマシンオイル、軽油などの吸油性を求められるクレープ紙、ティッシュペーパー、人体または機械等の油取り紙がある。再生紙の吸油性を向上する方法として、離解機によりパルプ原料を解繊し、繊維の撚れを起こし、さらに、これに水溶性高分子フィルムを積層する方法が特開平8−13381号公報に開示されている。しかし、この方法は、作業が煩雑であるとともに、高分子系薬剤を多量に使用しており、高価になるという欠点がある。さらに、拭き布の製法としてパルプの長繊維どうしを機械的に積層させる方法が特開平5−214654号公報に、油取り紙の製造方法として紙の平面部にエンボス加工を行って、吸油性を向上させるというものが特開平11−322536号公報に開示されているが、これらのいずれも、充分な吸油性を有するものとはなっていないのが現状である。
さらに、これら添加剤を使用した場合、何らかの外的作用、例えば大きなせん断力、pHの急激な変化、硫酸バンドの過剰添加等により、添加剤が凝集、巨大化し、汚れとなるという問題を発生させている。これらの汚れは、自身の粘着性によりパルプおよび製紙工程で使用される添加薬品に由来する有機物等をも凝集させ、塊状物となり、製造装置へ付着し操業性を低下させる。さらに、パルプや紙へ付着し、できた紙の汚点や欠点となり、品質を低下させたり、断紙を発生させる等の障害を引き起こし、問題となっている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、再生紙の嵩高性と吸油性を向上させることができ、使用の際、製造装置類や紙への付着汚れを低減することができる嵩高剤およびその嵩高剤を用いた再生紙の製造方法を提供するものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち本発明は、
(1)式(1)で示される化合物を有効成分とする古紙再生用嵩高剤、
RO(AO)x(BO)y(AO)zH (1)
(式中Rは、炭素数8〜24のアルキル基、アルケニル基またはアシル基であり、Aはエチレン基またはプロピレン基、Bはブチレン基を示す。x、yおよびzは、平均付加モル数を示し、0≦x≦5、1≦y≦10、0≦z≦15、0≦x+z≦15である。)
(2)前記(1)記載の古紙再生用嵩高剤を、古紙パルプに対して0.03〜8重量%添加することを特徴とする再生紙の製造方法である。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の嵩高剤である式(1)で示される化合物において、Rは炭素数8〜24のアルキル基、アルケニル基またはアシル基である。
例えば、アルキル基としてはオクチル基、イソオクチル基、ノニル基、イソノニル基、デシル基、イソデシル基、ウンデシル基、イソウンデシル基、ドデシル基、イソドデシル基、トリデシル基、イソトリデシル基、テトラデシル基、イソテトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基、イソペンタデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、イソヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、イソヘプタデシル基、オクタデシル基、イソオクタデシル基、ノナデシル基、イソノナデシル基、エイコシル基、イソエイコシル基、ヘンイコシル基、イソヘンイコシル基、ドコシル基、イソドコシル基、トリコシル基、イソトリコシル基、テトラコシル基、イソテトラコシル基などが挙げられる。
アルケニル基としては、テトラデセニル基、ヘキサデセニル基、オクタデセニル基、エイコセニル基、ドコセニル基などが挙げられる。
また、アシル基としては、カプリル酸、カプリン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、パルミトレイン酸、ステアリン酸、オレイン酸、リノール酸、リノレン酸、アラキン酸、ベヘン酸、エルカ酸、リグノセリン酸等の1種または2種以上の混合物や、ヤシ油脂肪酸、パーム油脂肪酸、牛脂脂肪酸、豚脂脂肪酸、大豆油脂肪酸、なたね油脂肪酸、トール油脂肪酸等の混合脂肪酸由来のものが挙げられる。
また、Rは、好ましくは炭素数12〜22、より好ましくは、炭素数12〜18のアルキル基、アルケニル基、アシル基である。炭素数が8より小さい場合は、嵩高性および吸油性向上効果、付着汚れの防止効果が弱くなり、炭素数が24より大きい場合は、嵩高剤の取り扱いが困難になり、製造設備や紙に対して付着汚れを引き起こすので好ましくない。
式(1)で表わされる嵩高剤は、通常水溶液にして用いられる。
【0008】
式(1)で表される嵩高剤の製造方法は、例えばアルカリ触媒下、アルコールあるいは脂肪酸にブチレンオキシドをまず付加して、さらにエチレンオキシドまたはプロピレンオキシドを付加させるか、あるいはエチレンオキシドまたはプロピレンオキシドを付加後、ブチレンオキシドを付加し、さらにエチレンオキシドまたはプロピレンオキシドを付加することにより得られる。ここで、エチレンオキシド、プロピレンオキシドの付加の状態は、それぞれ単独でも、ランダム状付加あるいはブロック状付加でも良い。
平均付加モル数であるxは0〜5であり、好ましくは0〜3である。xが5を超えると嵩高性および吸油性向上効果が弱くなるので好ましくない。平均付加モル数であるyは1〜10であり、好ましくは1〜3である。yが1より小さいと、嵩高性および吸油性向上効果が弱くなるので好ましくない。yが10を超えると、高濃度水溶液の取り扱い性が悪くなり、付着汚れ防止効果が弱くなるので好ましくない。平均付加モル数であるzは0〜15であり、好ましくは1〜10である。zが15を超えると、嵩高性および吸油性向上効果が弱くなり、高濃度水溶液の取り扱い性が悪くなるので好ましくない。平均付加モル数であるx+zは0〜15であり、好ましくは1〜10である。x+zが15を超えると、嵩高性および吸油性向上効果が弱くなるので好ましくない。
【0009】
本発明の再生紙の製造方法における前記嵩高剤の使用量は、古紙パルプに対して有効成分として0.03〜8重量%が好ましく、水とパルプが共存するいずれの工程でも使用することができる。特に、抄紙工程が均一にパルプ原料に添加できる工程が望ましい。
ここで添加量は、0.03重量%未満では嵩高性および吸油性向上効果が小さく、8重量%を超えても、使用量に見合った嵩高性および吸油性の向上は得られず、再生紙のコストアップになり好ましくない。さらに、8重量%を超えた使用は、製紙工程中において使用される添加剤を凝集、塊状化させ、製造設備や紙への付着汚れを引き起こすので好ましくない。
【0010】
また本発明の嵩高剤は、製紙工程において一般的に使用される添加薬剤、例えばポリアクリルアミド、植物グァム等の紙力増強剤、アルキルケテンダイマー、ロジン等のサイズ剤、ポリエチレンイミン、カチオン化ポリマー等の濾水性・歩留まり向上剤等と併用することも可能である。
【0011】
【発明の効果】
本発明の嵩高剤は、古紙を原料とする再生紙の嵩高性および吸油性を向上させることができ、製紙工程中において、嵩高剤自身が製造設備や紙への付着汚れの原因となることがなく、さらにパルプ原料、添加薬剤等由来の汚れも低減させることができる。また、本発明の嵩高剤を用いた再生紙の製造方法によれば、嵩高性および吸油性に優れた再生紙を効率良く得ることができる。
【0012】
【実施例】
本発明を実施例および比較例により具体的に説明する。
実施例1
ラウリン酸821.3g(4.1モル)に水酸化カリウム5.7g(対脂肪酸0.7重量%)を5リットル容量オートクレーブに秤り取り、135℃に昇温し、エチレンオキシド408.6g(9.3モル)を0.49MPaで反応させ、約1時間熟成を行った(OHV:186.5,エチレンオキシド(EO)平均付加モル数:2.2)。そして、ブチレンオキシド375.4g(5.2モル)を0.49MPaで反応させ、1時間熟成を行った(OHV:144.9,ブチレンオキシド(BO)平均付加モル数:1.2)。次いで、エチレンオキシド1894.6g(43.1モル)を0.49MPaで反応させ、約1時間熟成を行った。次いで、75℃で減圧下、脱ガスを行った後、酢酸で中和し、ろ過を行い嵩高剤1(OHV:67.12,EO平均付加モル数:10.2)を得た。収量は、3432.6gであった。ここで得られた嵩高剤1は、この10gをイオン交換水90gと200ミリリットル容量のビーカー中へ仕込み室温で攪拌混合し、10重量%の嵩高剤水溶液1として後述の再生紙の製造に使用した。
【0013】
【表1】
【0014】
1)脂肪酸組成;C14:4重量%、C16:28重量%、C16F1:2重量%、C18:45重量%、C18F1:20重量%、C20:1重量% Cは炭素数を示し、Fは不飽和結合の数を示す。
2)EO、POの付加状態;ブロック状:*、:ランダム状:**
【0015】
実施例2〜12、比較例1〜7
表1に示す平均付加モル数(x,y,z)およびRの組成になるように、実施例1に準じて合成を行い、嵩高剤2〜12および比較用の嵩高剤1〜7を調製した。
【0016】
実施例13
脱墨古紙パルプを離解機(熊谷理研(株)製)で離解し、硫酸アルミニウムを対パルプ3重量%加えてpH4.5の1%パルプスラリーを調製した。このパルプスラリーを200ミリリットル容量のビーカーに120gとり、これに嵩高剤水溶液1を0.06g(嵩高剤対パルプ0.5重量%)添加し、径4.5cmのタービン羽根により、250rpmで2分間攪拌した。その後、TAPPIスタンダードシートマシン(安田精機(株)製)により抄紙し、油圧プレス機(安田精機(株)製)により、0.35MPaで5分間プレス後、ドラム式ドライヤー(安田精機(株)製)により105℃、80秒の乾燥を行い、再生紙を得た。
この再生紙について、下記の方法で嵩高性、吸油性を評価を行い結果を表2に示した。また、嵩高剤を用いた時の汚れの付着性についても下記の方法で評価を行い結果を表3に示した。
【0017】
<嵩高性評価>
再生紙の嵩高性の評価は、坪量と厚さより求めた密度により行った。坪量はJIS P 8124に従って求め、調製した再生紙を4枚重ね合わせ、JIS式紙圧測定機(シチズン時計(株)製 MEI−10)により異なる10箇所の厚さを測定し、その平均値より求めた。なお嵩高性の向上は、ブランクに対する密度の低下率で評価した。密度は小さくなるほど嵩高性は良好であり、ブランク(比較例15)を100%とした時の密度を用いて、下記の基準で評価を行った。
密度95.0%未満 :○ 効果良好
密度95.0%以上 :× 効果低い
【0018】
<吸油性評価>
再生紙の吸油性の評価は、ブランク(嵩高剤を用いていない比較例15)に対する吸油量増加値により行った。具体的には調製した再生紙を55×100mmの紙片に加工し、温度23℃,湿度50%で、混合油(軽油:鉱物油=80:20)30mlの入った100ミリリットル容量ビーカーに紙片下端より5mmを浸漬させ、1分後に紙片が吸い上げた量(紙片の下端より5mmの位置から、浸透した液の上端までの距離(mm))を測定し、ブランクに対する吸油量の増加率で評価した。吸油量は大きくなるほど吸油性は良好であり、下記式および基準で評価を行った。
吸油量増加率(%)=(サンプルの吸油量(mm)/ブランク吸油量(mm)×100)−100
吸油量増加率20%以上 :◎ 効果非常に良好
吸油量増加率10%以上、20%未満 :○ 効果良好
吸油量増加率10%未満 :× 効果低い
【0019】
<汚れ付着性評価>
汚れ付着性の評価は、調製した人口汚れ物質の、嵩高剤を使用した際の紙製造装置の一部と同じ材質であるポリエチレンシートへの付着量により行った。
粘着テープからクロロホルムにより粘着成分を抽出し、抽出された粘着成分をクロロホルム:プロピレングリコール:水(体積比2:2:1)の混合溶媒にて固形分2重量%に調整し、人工汚れとした。次に、厚さ1mmのポリエチレンシートを2×2cmに切りとり、105℃にて1時間乾燥後、デシケーター中で放冷し、秤量した(重量A)。
ここで、5重量%硫酸アルミニウム水溶液でpH4.5に調整した1.0重量%パルプスラリー300gを300ミリリットル容量のビーカー中に入れ、径4.5cmのタービン羽根により300rpmで撹拌しながら60℃に昇温した。昇温後、嵩高剤水溶液を0.6g(対パルプ2.0重量%)添加し、さらに30分間撹拌後、人工汚れを5ミリリットル添加し、予め秤量したポリエチレンシートをパルプスラリー中に3枚入れ、3時間攪拌した。3時間後、ポリエチレンシートを取出し、水洗した後、105℃にて1時間乾燥後、デシケーターで放冷し、ポリエチレンシートの重量(重量B)を測定し、下記の式により汚れ付着量(mg)を求め、下記基準で評価を行った。
汚れ付着量(mg)=重量B−重量A
汚れ付着量(mg)を求め、その値により下記の基準で評価を行った。
10mg未満 :◎ 効果大
10以上〜30mg未満 :○効果有り
30mg以上 :×効果なし
【0020】
【表2】
【0021】
3)ブランクを100%とした時の%を示す
4)(サンプルの吸油量(mm)/ブランク吸油量(mm)×100)−100
【0022】
【表3】
【0023】
実施例14〜24および比較例8〜14
表2、表3に示す嵩高剤の添加量に従い、実施例13と同様の方法で再生紙を各々得た。各々について実施例13と同様な評価を行った。
ここで、比較例8(嵩高剤比較例1)、比較例13(嵩高剤比較例6)は、用いた式(1)で示される化合物のアルキル鎖長が本発明の範囲よりも短いので嵩高性および吸油性が向上せず、さらに付着汚れが低減しない。比較例9(嵩高剤比較例2)は、式(1)で示される化合物のブチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数であるyの値が0なので、嵩高性および吸油性が向上しない。比較例10(嵩高剤比較例3)は、式(1)で示される化合物のエチレンオキシドの平均付加モルであるx+zの値が15を超えており、嵩高性および吸油性が向上しない。比較例11(嵩高剤比較例4)は、式(1)で示される化合物中のエチレンオキシドの平均付加モル数であるxの値が5を超えているので、嵩高性および吸油性が向上しない。比較例12(嵩高剤比較例5)は、式(1)で示される化合物のエチレンオキシドおよびプロピレンオキシドの平均付加モル数であるzの値が、15を超えているので、嵩高性および吸油性が向上せず、取り扱い性も悪い。比較例14(嵩高剤比較例7)は、式(1)で示される化合物のエチレンオキシドおよびプロピレンオキシドの平均付加モル数であるxの値が、5を超えているので、嵩高性および吸油性が向上しない。
表1および表2に示したように、式(1)で示される化合物が、本発明の範囲であることが重要であり、本発明の嵩高剤は、古紙を原料とする再生紙の嵩高性および吸油性を向上させ、製紙工程中の設備や紙への付着汚れを低減させるということがわかる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a bulking agent, and in particular, can increase the bulkiness and oil absorption of recycled paper made from used paper as a raw material, and can reduce the amount of dirt adhered to a production apparatus or paper, and the bulkiness thereof. The present invention relates to a method for producing recycled paper using an agent.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the importance of recycling recycled paper has increased from the viewpoint of effective use of resources and environmental protection. Recycled paper is usually recovered and then disaggregated to make waste paper pulp slurry. Alkaline agents such as sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium silicate, deinking agents and hydrogen peroxide, hypochlorite, etc. A method is employed in which a bleaching agent is added to desorb ink from the used paper pulp, and then the detached ink is separated from the used paper pulp slurry by flotation.
Recycled paper made from waste paper has several problems, but the reduction in bulkiness is the biggest problem. This is because the waste paper pulp fiber is shorter than the virgin pulp fiber, and the bulkiness of the recycled paper is reduced.
[0003]
As a method for improving the bulkiness of recycled paper, a method of reacting a pulp with a crosslinking agent is disclosed in JP-A-4-185791 and JP-A-4-1859572. However, in these methods, the fibers are shortened at the time of fibrillation after crosslinking, and the bulkiness is not sufficiently improved.
There has also been proposed a method for improving bulkiness without using a crosslinking agent. A method using an additive containing a di-long chain alkyl type quaternary ammonium salt is disclosed in JP-A 63-165597, which contains a dialkyl type quaternary ammonium salt and glycerin and water or an aliphatic alcohol having 4 or less carbon atoms. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-100995 discloses a method of using an additive, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 53-147803 discloses a method of using an additive containing lanolin and a lanolin derivative. JP-A-63-251409 discloses the method of use, and JP-A-51-38600 discloses the method of using an additive containing a polyamide derivative.
Further, a method of using an additive using an oil or fat or a sugar alcohol-based nonionic surfactant is disclosed in JP-A No. 11-200263 as a quaternary ammonium salt, an alkylamine, and a betaine-type amphoteric surfactant. A method of using an additive in combination with a surfactant is disclosed in JP-A-11-269799.
However, in the method using these additives, the improvement in bulkiness is not a satisfactory level.
[0004]
In addition to these methods, there is a method in which fibers are fluffed physically and the bulkiness of the pulp is improved as a method not using a crosslinking agent or an additive. However, this method is also insufficient in bulkiness and requires complicated operations to be repeated.
In addition, as an effective utilization method of recycled paper made from used paper, there are crepe paper, tissue paper, and oil removing paper such as human body or machine that require oil absorbency such as oil from the human body, machine oil, and light oil. As a method for improving the oil absorbency of recycled paper, JP-A-8-13381 discloses a method in which a pulp raw material is defibrated by a disaggregator, a fiber is twisted, and a water-soluble polymer film is laminated thereon. It is disclosed. However, this method has the disadvantages that the operation is complicated and that a large amount of a high-molecular-weight chemical is used, resulting in an increase in cost. Furthermore, as a method for producing a wiping cloth, a method of mechanically laminating long fibers of pulp is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-214654. The improvement is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-322536. However, none of these have sufficient oil absorption at present.
In addition, when these additives are used, there is a problem that the additives are aggregated and enlarged due to some external action such as a large shearing force, a sudden change in pH, excessive addition of sulfuric acid band, etc. ing. These stains also agglomerate organic substances derived from additive chemicals used in the pulp and papermaking process due to their own stickiness to form a lump, which adheres to the production apparatus and lowers operability. Furthermore, it adheres to pulp and paper, resulting in blots and defects of the resulting paper, causing problems such as deterioration of quality and occurrence of paper breakage.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to improve the bulkiness and oil absorption of recycled paper, and when used, a bulking agent capable of reducing the contamination of manufacturing equipment and paper and regeneration using the bulking agent. A method for producing paper is provided.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention
(1) A bulking agent for used paper recycling containing the compound represented by formula (1) as an active ingredient,
RO (AO) x (BO) y (AO) z H (1)
(In the formula, R represents an alkyl group, alkenyl group or acyl group having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, A represents an ethylene group or propylene group, and B represents a butylene group. X, y and z represent the average number of added moles. (0 ≦ x ≦ 5, 1 ≦ y ≦ 10, 0 ≦ z ≦ 15, 0 ≦ x + z ≦ 15)
(2) A method for producing recycled paper, comprising adding 0.03 to 8% by weight of the bulking agent for recycling recycled paper according to (1) above to recycled paper pulp.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the compound represented by the formula (1) which is a bulking agent of the present invention, R is an alkyl group, alkenyl group or acyl group having 8 to 24 carbon atoms.
For example, as an alkyl group, octyl group, isooctyl group, nonyl group, isononyl group, decyl group, isodecyl group, undecyl group, isoundecyl group, dodecyl group, isododecyl group, tridecyl group, isotridecyl group, tetradecyl group, isotetradecyl group, Pentadecyl group, isopentadecyl group, hexadecyl group, isohexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, isoheptadecyl group, octadecyl group, isooctadecyl group, nonadecyl group, isononadecyl group, eicosyl group, isoeicosyl group, heneicosyl group, isohenicosyl group, docosyl group, An isodocosyl group, a tricosyl group, an isotricosyl group, a tetracosyl group, an isotetracosyl group, etc. are mentioned.
Examples of the alkenyl group include a tetradecenyl group, a hexadecenyl group, an octadecenyl group, an eicocenyl group, and a dococenyl group.
Examples of the acyl group include caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid, and lignoceric acid. Examples thereof include one or a mixture of two or more and those derived from mixed fatty acids such as coconut oil fatty acid, palm oil fatty acid, beef tallow fatty acid, pork tallow fatty acid, soybean oil fatty acid, rapeseed oil fatty acid and tall oil fatty acid.
R is preferably an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, or an acyl group having 12 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms. When the carbon number is less than 8, the bulkiness and oil absorption improvement effect and the effect of preventing adhesion stains are weakened. When the carbon number is greater than 24, handling of the bulking agent becomes difficult, and the production equipment and paper This is not preferable because it causes adhesion dirt.
The bulking agent represented by the formula (1) is usually used as an aqueous solution.
[0008]
The bulking agent represented by formula (1) can be produced by, for example, first adding butylene oxide to an alcohol or fatty acid and then adding ethylene oxide or propylene oxide under an alkali catalyst, or after adding ethylene oxide or propylene oxide. It can be obtained by adding butylene oxide and further adding ethylene oxide or propylene oxide. Here, the state of addition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide may be independent, random addition or block addition.
X which is an average addition mole number is 0-5, Preferably it is 0-3. When x exceeds 5, the bulkiness and oil absorption improvement effect becomes weak, which is not preferable. Y which is an average addition mole number is 1-10, Preferably it is 1-3. When y is smaller than 1, the bulkiness and oil absorption improvement effect becomes weak, which is not preferable. If y exceeds 10, the handleability of the high-concentration aqueous solution is deteriorated, and the effect of preventing adhesion contamination is weakened. Z which is an average addition mole number is 0-15, Preferably it is 1-10. If z exceeds 15, the bulkiness and oil absorption improvement effect becomes weak, and the handleability of the high-concentration aqueous solution deteriorates, which is not preferable. X + z which is an average addition mole number is 0-15, Preferably it is 1-10. When x + z exceeds 15, the effect of improving bulkiness and oil absorption becomes weak, which is not preferable.
[0009]
The amount of the bulking agent used in the method for producing recycled paper of the present invention is preferably 0.03 to 8% by weight as an active ingredient relative to waste paper pulp, and can be used in any step where water and pulp coexist. . In particular, a process in which the papermaking process can be uniformly added to the pulp raw material is desirable.
Here, if the addition amount is less than 0.03% by weight, the effect of improving bulkiness and oil absorption is small, and if it exceeds 8% by weight, the improvement in bulkiness and oil absorption corresponding to the amount of use cannot be obtained, and recycled paper. This is not preferable because of increased costs. Furthermore, the use exceeding 8% by weight is not preferable because the additives used in the papermaking process are aggregated and agglomerated and cause contamination on manufacturing equipment and paper.
[0010]
Further, the bulking agent of the present invention is an additive commonly used in the papermaking process, for example, a paper strength enhancer such as polyacrylamide and plant guam, a sizing agent such as alkyl ketene dimer and rosin, polyethyleneimine, and a cationized polymer. It can also be used in combination with a freeness / yield improving agent.
[0011]
【The invention's effect】
The bulking agent of the present invention can improve the bulkiness and oil absorption of recycled paper made from used paper as a raw material, and the bulking agent itself may cause dirt on the production equipment and paper during the papermaking process. In addition, dirt derived from pulp raw materials, additive chemicals and the like can also be reduced. Moreover, according to the method for producing recycled paper using the bulking agent of the present invention, recycled paper excellent in bulkiness and oil absorption can be obtained efficiently.
[0012]
【Example】
The present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples and comparative examples.
Example 1
821.3 g (4.1 mol) of lauric acid and 5.7 g of potassium hydroxide (0.7% by weight of fatty acid) were weighed in a 5 liter autoclave, heated to 135 ° C., and 408.6 g (9 .3 mol) was reacted at 0.49 MPa and aged for about 1 hour (OHV: 186.5, average added mole number of ethylene oxide (EO): 2.2). Then, 375.4 g (5.2 mol) of butylene oxide was reacted at 0.49 MPa, followed by aging for 1 hour (OHV: 144.9, butylene oxide (BO) average added mole number: 1.2). Next, 1894.6 g (43.1 mol) of ethylene oxide was reacted at 0.49 MPa and aged for about 1 hour. Subsequently, after degassing under reduced pressure at 75 ° C., the mixture was neutralized with acetic acid and filtered to obtain a bulking agent 1 (OHV: 67.12, EO average added mole number: 10.2). The yield was 3432.6g. The bulking agent 1 obtained here was charged with 10 g of this ion-exchanged water in a beaker with a capacity of 200 ml and stirred and mixed at room temperature, and used as a 10% by weight bulking agent aqueous solution 1 for the production of recycled paper described later. .
[0013]
[Table 1]
[0014]
1) Fatty acid composition: C14: 4% by weight, C16: 28% by weight, C16F1: 2% by weight, C18: 45% by weight, C18F1: 20% by weight, C20: 1% by weight Indicates the number of saturated bonds.
2) Added state of EO and PO; Block: *, Random: **
[0015]
Examples 2-12, Comparative Examples 1-7
Synthesis was performed according to Example 1 so as to obtain the average added mole number (x, y, z) and R composition shown in Table 1, and bulking agents 2 to 12 and comparative bulking agents 1 to 7 were prepared. did.
[0016]
Example 13
The deinked waste paper pulp was disaggregated with a disaggregator (manufactured by Kumagai Riken Co., Ltd.), and 3% by weight of aluminum sulfate was added to the pulp to prepare a 1% pulp slurry having a pH of 4.5. 120 g of this pulp slurry was placed in a 200 ml beaker, 0.06 g of bulking agent aqueous solution 1 (bulking agent to pulp 0.5% by weight) was added thereto, and a turbine blade having a diameter of 4.5 cm was used at 250 rpm for 2 minutes. Stir. After that, paper is made with a TAPPI standard sheet machine (manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Co., Ltd.), pressed by a hydraulic press machine (manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Co., Ltd.) at 0.35 MPa for 5 minutes, and then a drum dryer (manufactured by Yasuda Seiki Co., Ltd.). ) And dried at 105 ° C. for 80 seconds to obtain recycled paper.
The recycled paper was evaluated for bulkiness and oil absorption by the following methods, and the results are shown in Table 2. Further, the adhesion of dirt when using a bulking agent was also evaluated by the following method, and the results are shown in Table 3.
[0017]
<Bulkness evaluation>
The bulkiness of recycled paper was evaluated based on the density determined from the basis weight and thickness. The basis weight is determined according to JIS P 8124, and four sheets of the prepared recycled paper are stacked, and the thicknesses at 10 different points are measured with a JIS paper pressure measuring machine (MEI-10 manufactured by Citizen Watch Co., Ltd.), and the average value is obtained. I asked more. In addition, the improvement in bulkiness was evaluated by the rate of decrease in density with respect to the blank. The smaller the density, the better the bulkiness, and the evaluation was performed according to the following criteria using the density when the blank (Comparative Example 15) was 100%.
Density of less than 95.0%: Good effect density 95.0% or more: × Low effect [0018]
<Oil absorption evaluation>
The oil absorption of the recycled paper was evaluated by the oil absorption increase value relative to the blank (Comparative Example 15 not using a bulking agent). Specifically, the prepared recycled paper was processed into a 55 × 100 mm piece of paper, placed in a 100 ml capacity beaker containing 30 ml of mixed oil (light oil: mineral oil = 80: 20) at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a humidity of 50%. 5 mm was immersed, and the amount of the paper piece sucked up after 1 minute (the distance (mm) from the position 5 mm from the lower end of the paper piece to the upper end of the infiltrated liquid) was measured and evaluated by the rate of increase in the oil absorption with respect to the blank. . The greater the oil absorption, the better the oil absorption, and the evaluation was performed according to the following formula and criteria.
Oil absorption increase rate (%) = (sample oil absorption (mm) / blank oil absorption (mm) × 100) −100
Oil absorption rate increase rate of 20% or more: ◎ Effective very good oil absorption rate increase rate of 10% or more, less than 20%: ○ Good effect oil absorption rate increase rate of less than 10%: × Low effect
<Soil adhesion evaluation>
The evaluation of soil adhesion was performed by the amount of the prepared artificial soil material adhered to a polyethylene sheet, which is the same material as part of the paper manufacturing apparatus when using a bulking agent.
The adhesive component was extracted from the adhesive tape with chloroform, and the extracted adhesive component was adjusted to a solid content of 2% by weight with a mixed solvent of chloroform: propylene glycol: water (volume ratio 2: 2: 1) to obtain artificial dirt. . Next, a 1 mm thick polyethylene sheet was cut into 2 × 2 cm, dried at 105 ° C. for 1 hour, allowed to cool in a desiccator, and weighed (weight A).
Here, 300 g of 1.0 wt.% Pulp slurry adjusted to pH 4.5 with 5 wt.% Aluminum sulfate aqueous solution was placed in a 300 ml beaker and heated to 60 ° C. while stirring at 300 rpm with a turbine blade having a diameter of 4.5 cm. The temperature rose. After raising the temperature, 0.6 g of a bulking agent aqueous solution (2.0% by weight of pulp) is added, and after stirring for another 30 minutes, 5 ml of artificial soil is added, and three pre-weighed polyethylene sheets are placed in the pulp slurry. Stir for 3 hours. After 3 hours, the polyethylene sheet was taken out, washed with water, dried at 105 ° C. for 1 hour, allowed to cool with a desiccator, and the weight (weight B) of the polyethylene sheet was measured. Was evaluated according to the following criteria.
Dirt adhesion amount (mg) = weight B-weight A
The amount of dirt adhered (mg) was determined, and the evaluation was performed based on the value according to the following criteria.
Less than 10 mg: Great effect 10 or more to less than 30 mg: ○ Effective 30 mg or more: × No effect [0020]
[Table 2]
[0021]
3) Shows% when blank is 100% 4) (sample oil absorption (mm) / blank oil absorption (mm) x 100) -100
[0022]
[Table 3]
[0023]
Examples 14-24 and Comparative Examples 8-14
Recycled papers were obtained in the same manner as in Example 13 according to the addition amount of the bulking agent shown in Tables 2 and 3. Evaluation similar to Example 13 was performed about each.
Here, Comparative Example 8 (bulky agent comparative example 1) and Comparative Example 13 (bulk agent comparative example 6) are bulky because the alkyl chain length of the compound represented by the formula (1) used is shorter than the range of the present invention. Property and oil absorbability are not improved, and adhesion dirt is not reduced. In Comparative Example 9 (bulky agent comparative example 2), since the value of y, which is the average number of moles of butylene oxide added to the compound represented by formula (1), is 0, bulkiness and oil absorption are not improved. In Comparative Example 10 (bulky agent comparative example 3), the value of x + z which is the average addition mole of ethylene oxide of the compound represented by the formula (1) exceeds 15, and the bulkiness and oil absorption are not improved. In Comparative Example 11 (bulky agent comparative example 4), the value of x, which is the average added mole number of ethylene oxide in the compound represented by the formula (1), exceeds 5, so the bulkiness and oil absorption are not improved. In Comparative Example 12 (bulky agent comparative example 5), since the value of z which is the average number of moles of addition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide of the compound represented by the formula (1) exceeds 15, the bulkiness and oil absorption are high. It does not improve and handling is poor. In Comparative Example 14 (bulky agent comparative example 7), the value of x, which is the average number of moles of addition of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, of the compound represented by formula (1) exceeds 5, so that the bulkiness and oil absorption are high. Does not improve.
As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, it is important that the compound represented by the formula (1) is within the scope of the present invention, and the bulking agent of the present invention is bulky of recycled paper using waste paper as a raw material. It can also be seen that the oil absorbency is improved and the contamination of the equipment and paper during the paper making process is reduced.
Claims (2)
RO(AO)x(BO)y(AO)zH (1)
(式中Rは、炭素数8〜24のアルキル基、アルケニル基またはアシル基であり、Aはエチレン基またはプロピレン基、Bはブチレン基を示す。x、yおよびzは、平均付加モル数を示し、0≦x≦5、1≦y≦10、0≦z≦15、0≦x+z≦15である。)A bulking agent for used paper recycling containing the compound represented by formula (1) as an active ingredient.
RO (AO) x (BO) y (AO) z H (1)
(In the formula, R represents an alkyl group, alkenyl group or acyl group having 8 to 24 carbon atoms, A represents an ethylene group or propylene group, and B represents a butylene group. X, y and z represent the average number of added moles. (0 ≦ x ≦ 5, 1 ≦ y ≦ 10, 0 ≦ z ≦ 15, 0 ≦ x + z ≦ 15)
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