JP3991277B2 - Constituent member suitable for construction or construction and its manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a structural member suitable for construction or construction where a wet surface tends to dry, and a method for manufacturing the same.

  Conventionally, waterproofing pans for bathrooms have been designed with emphasis on design, and the surface has been given a rice field or lattice pattern with a joint division of about 300 mm square, and the grooves forming the pattern are joints. In general, the width is about 3 to 10 mm and the depth is about 0.3 to 1.0 mm. In addition, the surface of the smallest section (corresponding to one tile) surrounded by the above groove is processed to be a rock surface or imitated with a natural stone or sample board to give a natural feeling. There are many. In addition, such a rock surface tone and a graining process are comprised only by the comparatively big wave | undulation.

  However, although such a waterproof pan places importance on the design of the surface, drainage (quick drying) is insufficient, and the material of the waterproof pan is relatively high water repellency, such as FRP. Since many plastics are used, the hot water on the waterproof pan after bathing forms a polka dot with a large contact angle on the waterproof pan, and this polka-dot residual water is difficult to dry even the next day, It remains without being naturally dried. Therefore, when the user cleans the bathtub the next day, the user will be bothered if the waterproof peep or the like is not applied. Especially in winter, the remaining water is cold, which helps the cold.

In order to solve such a problem, the surface of the waterproof pan has a convex portion, and a groove having a V-shaped cross section is provided around the convex portion, and the groove has a surface that reaches the drain. A waterproof pan is proposed as a product (see Patent Document 1). In this waterproof pan, the surface of the waterproof pan is made to flow by flowing the water of polka dots remaining through the interaction between the convex portion of about 5 mm × 10 mm and the groove of about 2 mm wide × about 0.7 mm deep through the groove to the drain outlet. It can be dried quickly.
However, this waterproof pan also has dirt (soap residue, dirt, dust, etc.) flowing into the groove along with water, and the groove is thin and relatively deep, so that the dirt can easily accumulate in the groove and also during cleaning. There was a problem that it was difficult to remove dirt.

  The above-mentioned problems related to waterproof pans in bathrooms are not limited to this, but bathroom tiles such as bathroom tile flooring, other wall materials, ceiling materials, counter materials, etc. The same applies to floor materials such as wood, wall materials, and ceiling materials.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-54295 (pages 4, 6 and 9 to 12)

According to the present invention, firstly, a construction or building component capable of bringing the surface of a waterproof pan after use into a dry state by natural drying in a short time based on a principle different from the above principle. It is to provide. Secondly, the present invention provides a construction or building component that is less likely to accumulate dirt and is easy to remove.
Moreover, in order to provide such a structural member for construction or construction, the manufacturing method of the structural member for construction or construction using the metal mold | die which can reproduce fine unevenness | corrugation almost faithfully is provided.

The present invention relates to the following.
1. A structural or structural component having fine irregularities that have hydrophilicity to prevent water agglomeration on the surface and to form a water film, and the fine irregularities have relatively large undulations. A construction or building component that is a non-slip floor material composed of a combination of a relatively small unevenness.
2. Relatively large undulations can be arbitrarily selected with a laser microscope by setting the resolution in the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction to 0.728 μm, the resolution in the height (Z) direction to 0.5 μm, and the measurement length to 745 μm. When 5 or more points are measured, the average value of the values in the Z direction of the cross-sectional curve is obtained for each point, the deviation rate curve is obtained from the average value, the deviation rate curve is Fourier transformed, and the reciprocal of the wavelength is obtained. The power spectrum is obtained, and the peak value is 50% of the measured location where the reciprocal of the wavelength is 0.001 to 0.015 / μm (wavelength conversion 1000 to 66.67 μm) and 30 μm ² or more. Item 2. The construction or building component according to Item 1, which is applied as described above.
3. Relatively small irregularities can be selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope by setting the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length to 5 μm. 3. The construction or building component according to item 1 or 2, wherein the average value of the arithmetic average roughness Ra is 0.7 μm or more when measured at five or more locations.
4). Relatively small irregularities can be selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope by setting the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length to 5 μm. The construction or building component according to any one of Items 1 to 3, wherein the average value of the maximum height Ry is 5 μm or more when measured at five or more locations.
5). Relatively small irregularities can be selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope by setting the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length to 5 μm. Any one of Items 1 to 4, wherein the average value of the ratio Sm / Ry between the average interval Sm of the unevenness and the maximum height Ry is 0.2 or less when five or more locations are measured. Construction or building components.
6). Relatively small irregularities can be selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope by setting the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length to 5 μm. However, when five or more locations are measured, the average value of arithmetic average roughness Ra is 0.8 μm or more, and the average value of the ratio Sm / Ry between the average interval Sm of unevenness and the maximum height Ry is 0.2 or less. Item 6. The construction or building component according to any one of Items 1 to 5, which is applied as described above.
7). Relatively small irregularities are set with a laser microscope, the resolution in the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction is set to 0.0364 μm, the resolution in the height (Z) direction is set to 0.05 μm, and the measurement range is 5 μm square. Item 7. The construction or building component according to any one of Items 1 to 6, which is applied so that an average surface area of the unevenness is 400 μm ² or more when measured at five or more selected locations.
8). Relatively small irregularities can be selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope by setting the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length to 5 μm. When 5 or more points are measured, the average value of the values in the Z direction of the cross-sectional curve is obtained for each point, the deviation rate curve is obtained from the average value, the deviation rate curve is Fourier transformed, and the reciprocal of the wavelength is obtained. A power spectrum is obtained, and an approximate curve obtained by logarithmic approximation is measured at a location where the entire range of the reciprocal of the wavelength is 2.5 to 14 / μm (wavelength conversion 0.4 to 0.071 μm) is −30 μm ² or more. Item 8. The construction or building component according to any one of Items 1 to 7, wherein the component is applied so as to be 50% or more of the measured portion.
9. Item 9. A construction or building component according to any one of Items 1 to 8, which is made of a plastic piece, a ceramic piece, a metal piece, or a rubber piece.

According to the structural member for construction or construction in the present invention, after use, water is wet and spreads like a film, so that it dries quickly. Further, since it is not necessary to form a narrow and deep groove, there is little accumulation of dirt, and cleaning becomes easy.
In addition, since a combination with a relatively large uneven pattern is possible, the degree of freedom of a design, particularly a shape pattern, for example, a color pattern, a marble pattern, a granite pattern, and the like is increased.
Furthermore, since a decorative sheet can be formed on the outermost surface during molding, a function can be imparted to the surface of the constituent member. Functions include an antibacterial function, a water repellent function, a hydrophilic function, a non-slip function, etc., as well as a gloss improving function, a texture improving function, and an indoor atmosphere improving function in which a plastic molded body is used. The pattern formed by the functional paint layer of the decorative sheet may be a non-patterned pattern or a single-colored pattern in addition to a floral pattern, a crushed inorganic material, and the like. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as a paint color, A transparent color and a translucent color are preferable especially, and an opaque color may be sufficient.
According to the construction or building component in the present invention, the surface thereof is excellent in slip resistance.
According to the method for producing a construction or building component in the present invention, the above-mentioned construction or building component can be easily produced.

First, the present invention will be described by taking a waterproof pan as an example.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a waterproof pan according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the waterproof pan 1 is a portion corresponding to the washing section adjacent to the bathtub installation section 2, and the bathtub installation section 2 is formed separately from the washing floor waterproof pan. The waterproof pan 1 may be formed integrally with the bathtub installation part 2. Moreover, the waterproof pan 1 may be integrally formed with the adjacent bathtub.
The surface of the waterproof pan 1 is provided with appropriate textures, textures, irregularities, etc., and joints 6 having an interval of about 150 to 400 mm may be provided in the middle.

In the waterproof pan 1, a drain outlet recess 3 for draining is formed, and a drain outlet 4 is disposed in the drain outlet recess 3.
The waterproof pan 1 has a drainage gradient such that the drain outlet recess 3 is the lowest. When the bathroom is used, hot water flows along the drain gradient and collects in the drain recess 3 when the bathroom is used. It is supposed to be watered. Moreover, the drainage ditch | groove 5 for assisting drainage is provided along the bathtub. The drainage that has fallen into the drainage channel 5 is collected in the drainage recess 3.

  The drainage gradient in the waterproof pan is an inclination for allowing hot water to flow toward the drain outlet or drain groove when in use, and is within a range of 1/20 to 1/100 toward the drain outlet or drain groove. With a downward slope of In general, a downward slope toward the drain outlet is provided, but in a bathroom in which a drainage groove with a grating is placed around the washing area, a downward slope toward the drainage groove may be used.

  The material of the waterproof pan in the present invention is preferably made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) because it is easy to mold and has high productivity, and an unsaturated polyester resin is generally used as the resin material. The material of the waterproof pan may be an inorganic material, for example, ceramic. In the case of ceramics, it is made into pieces (tiles) of an appropriate size rather than having a single whole, and these are arranged and arranged and connected by joints. The size is preferably a size defined by the joint. These prevention pans can be used not only for unit baths but also in general bathrooms. As the material, metal, rubber and the like can be further used.

The structure of the surface shown by the above-mentioned waterproof pan can be applied to indoor structural members such as wall materials and ceiling materials, and outdoor structural members such as outer walls, whereby a structural member whose surface is easy to dry is obtained. The shape is arbitrary such as large and small panels, pieces (tiles), and the material includes resin (including FRP), rubber, ceramic, metal, etc. as described above. Further, the construction or building component in the present invention may be a non-slip flooring material having the above surface structure.
In addition, the construction or building component in the present invention is useful as a building structure or a flooring material, a wall material, a ceiling material, or other components of the construction structure.

The surface of a construction or building component (hereinafter simply referred to as “component”) in the present invention is continuously provided with fine irregularities showing hydrophilicity.
This fine unevenness is performed to such an extent that the water contact angle exhibits hydrophilicity of less than 60 degrees. As a measure of hydrophilicity, when measuring the contact angle of water, (1) a method in which a water droplet is gently placed on the surface, (2) a method in which the water droplet is naturally dropped from a height of about 300 mm onto the surface, and measured. (3) There is a method of dropping water droplets on the surface and then rinsing water to see the state of reaggregation. In both cases (1) and (2), if the contact angle of water on the surface is less than 60 degrees, it can be said to be hydrophilic in the present invention. In the case of (3), if the contact angle of re-aggregated water is less than 60 degrees, it is hydrophilic in the present invention. The preferred water contact angle in the present invention is 40 degrees or less. In the present invention, the lower limit of the contact angle of water is preferably 10 degrees. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular about a minimum, it becomes difficult to make the surface whose water contact angle is less than 10 degree | times.
In the present invention, when measuring the contact angle of water, place the measurement object on the horizontal base of the contact angle measuring device, illuminate the light from the lateral direction, expand the projection, and use the boundary between the measurement object and the droplet as a reference. Then, the tangent to the droplet passing through the droplet edge and the angle formed by the reference are read. What is necessary is just to measure a big component member by cut | disconnecting to a small piece.

Of the waterproof pan, the hydrophilic area is preferably the entire surface or almost the entire surface of the waterproof pan, but if it follows the drain port or drain groove, the range to be hydrophilic and quickly dried is appropriately selected. Can be set. This is the same for the constituent members according to the present invention.
In addition, the entire surface of the constituent member is also the same as described above in which the portion showing water repellency is surrounded by the hydrophilic portion including the portion formed by combining the relatively large undulation and the relatively small unevenness. Or may be applied to a necessary part or a desired part.

  In order to make the surface hydrophilic, in many cases, hydrophilic treatment is required. There are a method of forming a hydrophilic film, a method of adjusting the surface shape, etc. Among them, the method of adjusting the surface shape and making it pseudo hydrophilic by the uneven shape is the simplest and inexpensive. It is.

  One method of artificially hydrophilizing depending on the surface irregularity shape is to use a laser microscope (for example, VK-8500 series manufactured by Keyence Corporation) When the resolution in the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction is 0.0364 μm and the resolution in the height (Z) direction is 0.05 μm when viewed from above, the measurement length is 5 μm, and five or more arbitrarily selected points are measured. (Hereinafter referred to as measurement condition A), the average value of arithmetic average roughness Ra is applied to 0.7 μm or more. When Ra is large, it indicates that the width of the unevenness is large in the measurement length. When water falls on this relatively small unevenness, the water is sucked into the recess due to its aggregating action, and enters. After this, re-aggregation is prevented by the convex weir, and even if the true contact angle of the material is large, the surface already has a large angle with respect to the horizontal plane, so the apparent contact angle with respect to the horizontal plane becomes small, and as a whole As a result, the pseudo contact angle is reduced, and the surface is hydrophilic as a result. In the present invention, the upper limit of the average value of the arithmetic average roughness Ra is preferably 5 μm. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but it becomes difficult to produce a surface having an average value of arithmetic average roughness Ra exceeding 5 μm.

As a method for providing such a concavo-convex shape, there is a method in which the surface of a mold is subjected to sand blasting or etching treatment, and resin (including FRP, the same applies hereinafter) is molded using this mold.
For example, in the case of a mirror surface with FRP, when measured under measurement condition A, Ra = 0.164 μm or around that, and when water is flowed on the surface, a phenomenon of aggregation is observed. Moreover, what is said to be a conventional rock surface tone is Ra = 0.117 μm or around that, and a phenomenon of aggregation is observed when water is passed over the surface.
On the other hand, Ra = 1.436 μm on the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by performing predetermined etching on the mold and FRP molding, and when water is flowed on the surface, the water is kept thin and spreads. Not observed. Also, on the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by subjecting the die to predetermined sandblasting and FRP molding, for example, Ra = 1.334 μm, and when water is allowed to flow over the surface, the water is kept thinly spread. It is observed that it does not aggregate.

One method of artificially hydrophilizing depending on the uneven shape of the surface is to apply fine unevenness under the measurement condition A so that the average value of the maximum height Ry is 5 μm or more. That Ry is large indicates that the uneven width is large in the measurement length. When water falls on this relatively small unevenness, the water is sucked into the recess due to its agglomeration action, and then re-aggregation is prevented by the convex weir and the true contact angle of the material is large. However, since the surface already has a large angle with respect to the horizontal plane, the apparent contact angle with respect to the horizontal plane is reduced, the pseudo contact angle is reduced as a whole, and the surface is consequently hydrophilic. In the present invention, the upper limit of the average value of the maximum height Ry is preferably 50 μm. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but it becomes difficult to produce a surface having an average value of the maximum height Ry exceeding 50 μm.
As a method for providing such a concavo-convex shape, there is a method in which a surface of a mold is subjected to sandblasting or an etching treatment, and a resin molding is performed using this mold.
For example, in the case of a mirror surface with FRP, when measured under measurement condition A, Ry = 0.999 μm or around that, and when water is passed over the surface, a phenomenon of aggregation is observed. Moreover, what is said to be a conventional rock surface tone is Ry = 0.73 μm or before and after that, and when water is passed over the surface, a phenomenon of aggregation is observed.
On the other hand, on the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by performing predetermined etching on the mold and FRP molding, for example, Ry = 10.372 μm, and when water is flowed on the surface, the water is kept thinly spread. It is observed that it does not aggregate. In addition, the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by subjecting the die to predetermined sandblasting and FRP molding is, for example, Ry = 17.793 μm, and when water is flowed over the surface, the water is kept thinly spread. It is observed that it does not aggregate.

One of the methods for artificially hydrophilizing the surface according to the uneven shape of the surface is to measure a relatively small unevenness in the fine unevenness under the measurement condition A by the ratio Sm / the average interval Sm of the unevenness and the maximum height Ry. The average value of Ry is 0.2 or less. The fact that Sm / Ry is small indicates that the uneven width is sufficiently larger than the uneven pitch in the measurement length. When water falls on this relatively small unevenness, the water is sucked into the recess due to its agglomeration action, and then re-aggregation is prevented by the convex weir and the true contact angle of the material is large. However, since the surface already has a large angle with respect to the horizontal plane, the apparent contact angle with respect to the horizontal plane is reduced, the pseudo contact angle is reduced as a whole, and the surface is consequently hydrophilic. In the present invention, the lower limit of the average value of the ratio Sm / Ry is preferably 0.01. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in a minimum, it becomes difficult to produce the surface whose average value of ratio Sm / Ry is less than 0.01.
As a method for providing such a concavo-convex shape, there is a method in which a surface of a mold is subjected to sandblasting or an etching treatment, and a resin molding is performed using this mold.
For example, in the case of a mirror surface with FRP, when measured under measurement condition A, Sm = 0.363 μm or before and after, Ry = 0.999 μm or before and after, Sm / Ry = 0.533 or before and after, When water is flowed, a phenomenon of aggregation is observed. Moreover, what is said to be a conventional rock surface tone is Sm = 0.26 μm or before and after, Ry = 0.73 μm or before and after, Sm / Ry = 0.366 or before and after, and when water is flowed on the surface The phenomenon of aggregation is observed.
On the other hand, on the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by performing predetermined etching on the mold and FRP molding, for example, Sm = 0.9 μm, Ry = 10.372 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.112, It is observed that when water is flowed, the water remains thin and does not aggregate. In addition, the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by subjecting the die to predetermined sandblasting and FRP molding is, for example, Sm = 0.493 μm, Ry = 17.793 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.52, It is observed that when water is flowed, the water remains thin and does not aggregate.

One of the methods of artificially hydrophilizing depending on the surface unevenness shape is to use a laser microscope (for example, VK-8500 series manufactured by Keyence Co., Ltd.) Set the resolution in the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction to 0.0364 μm and the resolution in the height (Z) direction of 0.05 μm when viewed from 5 mm, measuring the 5 μm square, and 5 representative surface states When the above measurement is performed (hereinafter referred to as measurement condition B), the average value of the surface area of the unevenness is 400 μm ² or more. The large surface area of the unevenness indicates that the unevenness is gathered finely in the measurement range. When water falls on this relatively small unevenness, the water is sucked into the recess due to its agglomeration action, and then re-aggregation is prevented by the convex weir and the true contact angle of the material is large. However, since the surface already has a large angle with respect to the horizontal plane, the apparent contact angle with respect to the horizontal plane is reduced, the pseudo contact angle is reduced as a whole, and the surface is consequently hydrophilic. In the present invention, the upper limit of the average surface area of the irregularities is preferably 1000 μm ² . No particular limit to the limit, but the average value of the surface area of irregularities becomes difficult to make the surface more than 1000 .mu.m ^2.
When the surface area was measured under this measurement condition B, the surface area of the unevenness was the increase ratio r (= S / K) of the surface area S of the uneven surface with respect to the geometric area (K = 25 μm ² ) in a measuring range of 5 μm square. May be shown. Therefore, when r = 1, since S is 25 μm ² , the value of r indicates a relative value based on a measurement range of 5 μm square. Therefore, the average value of the surface area of the unevenness of 400 μm ² or more means that r is 16 or more, and the upper limit of the average value of the surface area of the unevenness is 1000 μm ² that the upper limit of r is 40. It is synonymous.
As a method for providing such a concavo-convex shape, there is a method in which a surface of a mold is subjected to sandblasting or an etching treatment, and a resin molding is performed using this mold.
In the case of a mirror surface by FRP, when measured under measurement condition B, the surface area is 160.32 μm ² (r = 6.4) or around that, and when water is allowed to flow on the surface, a phenomenon of aggregation is observed. Moreover, what is said to be a conventional rock surface tone is 169.599 μm ² (r = 6.8) or around that, and when water is allowed to flow on the surface, a phenomenon of aggregation is observed.
On the other hand, the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by performing predetermined etching on the mold and FRP molding is, for example, 528.586 μm ² (r = 21.1). It is observed that the spread state is maintained and does not aggregate. In addition, the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by subjecting the die to predetermined sandblasting and FRP molding is, for example, 934.231 μm ² (r = 37.4). It is observed that the spread state is maintained and does not aggregate.

One of the methods for artificially hydrophilizing the surface by using the uneven shape of the surface is to measure relatively small unevenness in the fine unevenness under the measurement condition A, and to obtain the average value of the values in the Z direction of the cross-sectional curve for each location. Then, a deviation rate curve is obtained from the average value, the deviation rate curve is Fourier transformed, a power spectrum for each reciprocal of the wavelength is obtained, and an approximate curve obtained by logarithmic approximation has a reciprocal of the wavelength of 2.5 to 14 / μm ( The whole area in the range of 0.4 to 0.071 μm in terms of wavelength) is applied so that the location where -30 μm ² or more is 50% or more of the measured location. The fact that the entire region in the wavelength range of 0.388 to 0.071 μm is −30 μm ² or more indicates that many irregularities of such wavelengths are gathered in the measurement length. When water falls on this relatively small unevenness, the water is sucked into the recess due to its agglomeration action, and then re-aggregation is prevented by the convex weir and the true contact angle of the material is large. However, since the surface already has a large angle with respect to the horizontal plane, the apparent contact angle with respect to the horizontal plane is reduced, the pseudo contact angle is reduced as a whole, and the surface is consequently hydrophilic.
As a method for providing such a concavo-convex shape, there is a method in which a surface of a mold is subjected to sandblasting or an etching treatment, and a resin molding is performed using this mold.
In the case of a mirror surface with FRP, when measuring 8 locations under measurement condition A, the value in the Z direction of the cross-sectional curve is Z, and the deviation ratio ΔH with respect to the average value Z _AV
ΔH = (Z−Z _AV ) / Z _AV
The ΔH is in the range of −0.064 to 0.023. The deviation ratio curve is Fourier transformed, and the power spectrum PS for each reciprocal of each wavelength is
PS = 10 × log ₁₀ [{(real part of spectrum) ² + (imaginary part of spectrum) ² } / 2]
Is required. The approximate curve obtained by logarithmically approximating this PS is less than PS = −30 μm ^{2 in} all 8 locations in the range where the reciprocal of the wavelength is 2.5 to 14 / μm (wavelength conversion 0.4 to 0.071 μm). When water is flowed over the surface, a phenomenon of aggregation is observed. Moreover, what is said to be a conventional rock surface tone is ΔH = −0.1 to 0.105, 7 out of 8 points, that is, 87.5% is less than PS = −30 μm ² , and the surface is water. When flowing, the phenomenon of aggregation is observed.
On the other hand, on the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by performing predetermined etching on the mold and FRP molding, for example, ΔH = −0.292 to 0.315, and all of the eight locations are PS = −30 μm ^2. As described above, when water is allowed to flow on the surface, it is observed that the water is kept thin and does not aggregate. Further, on the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by subjecting the die to predetermined sandblasting and FRP molding, for example, ΔH = −0.961 to 0.695, and all of the eight locations are PS = −30 μm ^2. As described above, when water is allowed to flow on the surface, it is observed that the water is kept thin and does not aggregate.

On the other hand, the fine unevenness can be configured by combining the relatively small unevenness and the relatively large undulation described above. With this configuration, not only pseudo-hydrophilization, but also a waterproof pan that does not slip easily when a wet surface is stepped on with a foot can be obtained. Relatively large waviness can be selected with a laser microscope by setting the resolution in the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction to 0.728 μm, the resolution in the height (Z) direction to 0.5 μm, and the measurement length to 745 μm. When five or more locations are measured (hereinafter referred to as measurement condition C), the average value of the values in the Z direction of the cross-sectional curve is obtained for each location, a deviation rate curve is obtained from the average value, and the deviation rate curve is Fourier transformed. Convert, obtain a power spectrum for each reciprocal of wavelength, and its peak value is 30 μm ² or more in a range where the reciprocal of wavelength is 0.001 to 0.015 / μm (wavelength conversion 1000 to 66.67 μm) However, it is applied so that it may be 50% or more of the measured location. The fact that the peak value is 30 μm ² or more in the wavelength range of 66 to 1000 μm indicates that many irregularities of such wavelength are gathered in the measurement length. At that time, it becomes difficult to slip because the water in the recesses easily escapes.
As a method for providing such a concavo-convex shape, there is a method in which an etching process is performed on the surface of a mold, or a combination of etching process and sandblasting is performed, and resin molding is performed using this mold.
On the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by applying sand blasting to the mold and FRP molding, when measuring at 8 locations under measurement condition C, the peak value of PS = 30 μm ² or more is not measured, and only relatively small irregularities are used. It is configured.
On the other hand, on the surface of the waterproof pan obtained by performing predetermined etching and sand blasting and FRP molding, the reciprocal of the wavelength is 0.001 to 0.015 / μm (wavelength conversion 1000) when measured at 8 locations under measurement condition C. In the range of ˜66.67 μm), all of the eight locations show a peak value of PS = 30 μm ² or more, resulting in a surface that is more difficult to slip.

The surface (surface a) in which only relatively small irregularities are formed on the surface of the constituent member of the present invention and the surface (surface b) configured by combining relatively small irregularities and relatively large waviness can be mixed. . In this case, the surface a is preferably surrounded by the surface b, the size of each surface a is preferably 0.05 to ²⁰ cm ² , and the surface b is preferably continuous. The area ratio between the surface a and the surface b is preferably 8/2 to 1/9 in the former / the latter. The surface a is not limited to the case where only relatively small irregularities are formed, but may be a surface that has been hydrophilicized (the contact angle of water is less than 60 degrees) by other methods.

You may employ | adopt the surface c which shows water repellency instead of said surface a. In this case, the surface c is preferably surrounded by the surface b, the size of each surface c is preferably 0.05 to ²⁰ cm ² , and the surface b is preferably continuous. The area ratio between the surface c and the surface b is preferably 8/2 to 1/9 in the former / the latter.
In the present invention, the water repellency means that the contact angle of water is 60 degrees or more.

When the portion showing water repellency is a component made of glass fiber reinforced plastic, the properties of the material may be used as it is without any special treatment. A treatment for making the surface particularly water-repellent may be performed, for example, a method of coating a fluororesin or the like.
The portion exhibiting water repellency includes all those in which the ratio Sm / Ry between the average interval Sm of unevenness and the maximum height Ry exceeds 5. In this case, Sm and Ry are measured using a laser microscope (for example, a laser microscope (for example, VK-8500 series) manufactured by Keyence Co., Ltd.) with a resolution of 0.2913 μm, Z ( Measurement is performed under conditions (measurement condition D) in which the resolution in the height direction is 0.5 μm and the measurement length is 298 μm.

In this invention, it has a part (henceforth H part) which shows water repellency, and a part (henceforth S part) which shows hydrophilicity.
The distribution of the H part and the S part on the panel surface is preferably performed so that one H part has an area of 0.05 to ²⁰ cm ² . If the area of the H part is too large, polka dots having a large contact angle are likely to remain in the area and do not dry. The S part is provided so as to surround each H part. In the S part, when a closed curve that does not enclose the H part is not formed and a closed curve is drawn so as to completely enclose one H part, from the point that belongs to the curve to the enclosed H part As described above, it is preferable to arrange the S part and the H part so that a curve can be drawn so that the shortest distance is 0.5 mm or more and 10 mm or less. If the area of the H part is constant, the area of the S part with respect to the H part becomes smaller as the shortest distance is smaller. This shortest distance is more preferably in the range of 0.5 mm to 3 mm, and most preferably in the range of 0.75 mm to 2 mm. The shortest distance should be drawn so that one curve passes between adjacent water repellent parts. In this case, the shortest distance to the water repellent part is It measures about the part which has each water repellency.
The above shortest distance corresponds to the width of the H portion.

The constituent member in the present invention can be manufactured by molding a resin using a mold having a surface corresponding to the formation of the fine irregularities described above.
The structural member is generally made of glass fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) in consideration of its strength, durability, mass productivity, and lightness during construction and loading. At the time of molding, a method in which a predetermined shape is dug into a mold, press-molded, and the mold shape is transferred is mass-produced.

The mold is generally subjected to hard chrome plating with a thickness of 10 to 20 μm on the surface for the purpose of improving the releasability, wear resistance and life of the resin. Further, when the plating film thickness is 10 μm or less, the plating strength is not obtained.
However, when the film thickness is 10 to 20 μm, the maximum grain boundary of chromium deposited during the plating process is about 10 μm. Therefore, the mold surface is subjected to relatively small unevenness indicating hydrophilicity by etching or sandblasting. However, there is a problem that unevenness is not reproduced. On the other hand, a relatively large swell effective for preventing the slipping of the foot is reproduced even after plating.
One method of forming relatively small irregularities on the surface of the mold is to use the sandblasting or etching process as described above, then apply plating and further sandblasting, or use the sandblasting or etching process. A method of forming a film by a PVD method using an inorganic substance is used.

For example, a method of manufacturing a mold that obtains a molded product in which a relatively large undulation and a relatively small unevenness are combined by plating is performed by first performing a predetermined etching on the surface of the mold to form a relatively large undulation. Apply processing. The thickness of the plating is preferably 10 μm or more and 80 μm or less, and particularly preferably about 40 μm. If the film thickness of the plating is too thin, it tends to cause peeling of the plating in the next sandblasting process. If the film thickness is too thick, the strength of the plating is strong, and the desired unevenness is obtained in the next sandblasting process. There is a tendency to disappear.
In order to obtain relatively small irregularities after performing plating processing with a predetermined film thickness, a mold is obtained that obtains a molded product in which relatively large undulations and relatively small irregularities are combined by applying predetermined sand blasting. be able to.

In order to achieve the problem that the wet surface of the constituent member can be dried in a short time by natural drying, and that the constituent member is less likely to accumulate dirt and can be easily removed. Can be done as follows.
First, after performing a predetermined etching process on the surface of the mold, the surface is plated and further subjected to a sandblasting process. This treatment may be performed only on the portion corresponding to the portion where the molded product is desired to be hydrophilic. Etching treatment, sand blast treatment, and plating can be performed by a conventionally known method, but are performed so that hydrophilicity is imparted to the surface of the molded body. The hydrophilicity mentioned here is adjusted so that the contact angle of water is less than 60 degrees by the measurement method described above. The lower limit of the water contact angle is preferably 10 degrees. As for said hydrophilicity, it is more preferable that the contact angle of water is 20-40 degree | times.
A component is manufactured by molding a molding material such as a resin using such a mold. As the molding material, an unsaturated polyester resin is preferable, and as a form, a sheet molding compound, a bulk molding compound, or the like can be used. As a molding method, press molding is generally used, but injection molding, cast molding, and hand lay-up molding are also possible.

In the present invention, a constituent member can be manufactured through surface treatment such as etching on a mold and molding by such a mold. When the surface treatment and molding of the mold are performed uniformly, uniformly or smoothly, the surface state of the obtained molded product is the same in every case. When measuring Ra, Ry, and Sm under measurement condition A or measurement condition B, they are measured at at least five locations of the constituent members, but in the same state (uniform or uniform state) as described above. If so, it can be selected from a narrow area, for example, a surface with an area of 37 × 27 μm.
In addition, the number of measurement points can be appropriately measured in more than five places.
The same applies to the measurement of the power spectrum. However, in this case, the measurement conditions A are at least 8 measurement points.

  As a method of manufacturing the constituent member having such an uneven shape, when the material is rubber, there is a method of molding in the same manner as the above resin. In addition, when the material is made of ceramic, there is a method in which the surface shape is transferred with a surface-treated mold in the same manner as described above and then baked when the shape is made of clay as a raw material. When the material is a metal, there are an etching method, a sandblasting method, and the like, similar to the method of imparting an uneven shape to the mold.

When a drainage gradient is applied to a floor such as a waterproof pan, most of the hot and cold water in use flows down toward the drainage port or the drainage groove by this, that is, by the action of gravity. The hot water remaining at this time is agglomerated by the surface tension of the water so that a large number of polka dots with a contact angle of 70 to 80 degrees remain on a conventional smooth surface or rocky surface. The area occupied by the polka dots is about 10% or more of the component member area. Since this polka dot has a small surface area relative to the amount of water, it does not dry naturally for about 8 hours and remains even the next morning.
On the other hand, when it has a drainage gradient and has a surface that is hydrophilic as in the present invention, most of the hot water during use in the bathroom is directed toward the drainage port or drainage groove by the action of gravity. After flowing down, the remaining hot water is well wetted with water because the component is hydrophilic, and spreads thinly over a wide range, so that the surface area of the water increases and it becomes easy to dry by evaporation.
In the present invention, hydrophilicity can be said to be a means for preventing, for example, a phenomenon in which water is caused to agglomerate again by surface tension after flowing water over the surface.

Moreover, by arranging the S part around the H part or adjacent to the H part, most of the hot and cold water in use in the bathroom flows down toward the drain outlet or the drain groove by the action of gravity, as described above. However, the remaining hot water does not become a polka dot with a large contact angle in the S portion, and is in a wet state. On the other hand, the hot water remaining on the H portion is connected to the water in the S portion immediately after use, and also moves to the S portion due to the water repellency of the H portion. Such an effect is more easily expressed as the difference in contact angle between the H part and the S part is larger, and it is preferable that there is a difference of 20 degrees or more. As a result, the water remaining or induced in the S part spreads thinly in the S part (because of the small contact angle), and therefore has a large surface area relative to the volume, and therefore is around or adjacent to the H part. If S part is arranged, it is easy to dry naturally.
When the H part and the S part are adjacent so that the H part surrounds the S part, and the S part is continuously arranged on the entire surface of the waterproof pan, the polka dots are difficult to be formed, so that the drying effect is obtained. Excellent.
Furthermore, when the S part is arranged so as to continue to the drainage port or the drainage groove, a drainage effect in which part of the water is led to the drainage port or the drainage groove and drained can be expected, thus increasing the drying effect. be able to.
Due to the above mechanism, floors such as waterproof pans tend to dry quickly after use. In addition, although a polka dot may remain in H part, since the area of H part is made small, it dries fast enough by evaporation.
When the H part is higher than the S part, the height relationship between the H part and the S part is not only the movement from the H part to the S part as described above, but also when the S part is higher than the H part. There is a movement from the H part to the S part. However, in this case, since the H part is low, water may accumulate in the H part.
Therefore, it is preferable to secure the area and height of the H portion so that the remaining water stored in the H portion is 2 cc or less. 2 cc is the amount of residual water that is naturally dried in 8 hours at a temperature of 15.3 ° C. and a humidity of 66%, which is a general environmental condition of a bathroom when not in use.
In the present invention, hydrophilicity can be said to be a means for preventing, for example, a phenomenon in which water is caused to agglomerate again by surface tension after flowing water over the surface.

Although the waterproof pan has been described above, the structural member having a specific surface structure of the present invention is, for example, a plate material (one joint in the long direction and three in the short direction as shown in a plan view in FIG. 68). And each area divided by the joints is almost square) and has a hydrophilic structure on its surface. Since it spreads thinly, the surface area of water increases and it becomes easy to dry by evaporation.
The state of the surface described above can be embodied on the floor surface of the inner surface of the bathtub, the surface of the floor board material, the wall board material, the ceiling board, or other panels or building materials, and a mold for that purpose, particularly for FRP molding. It is clear that the mold can be prepared as described above. In the case of ordinary panels or building materials, drainage gradients, drains and drains are not required. Since the surface of the panel or building material is in the state as described above, the surface is hydrophilized, and it is easy to dry even with water, and also has good dirt resistance. Cheap.
Moreover, the structural member which has the specific surface structure of this invention has a slip prevention property because of the surface structure.

FIG. 66 is a partial plan view showing a state in which tiles as constituent members in the present invention are divided and spread on the floor. The tiles 9 are laid out neatly with a joint layout 6. The tile 9 is made of ceramic, for example, and is bonded to the floor with an appropriate material such as plaster. The joints are also applied with a suitable joint material such as plaster. The surface of the tile 9 has, as a surface structure, a portion 8 constituted only by relatively small irregularities in a portion 7 constituted by a combination of relatively large undulations and relatively small irregularities. As examples of the surface structure of these portions, those shown in FIGS. 2 to 65 can be adopted. This tile can be laid on a bathroom floor, a bath bottom (floor), inner and outer walls, a veranda floor, a front entrance ground, a pool side ground, and the like.
FIG. 67 is a partial plan view showing a state in which tiles having grooves as constituent members in the present invention are divided and spread on the floor. 66 except that the tile 9 has the groove 10. The shape, number of grooves, straight lines, curves, etc. can be determined as appropriate.

In the following examples, a laser microscope (VK-8500 series, manufactured by Keyence Corporation) was used.
The waterproof pan shown in FIG. 1 was produced. The surface texture was as shown in FIGS. FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view showing a surface texture, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line AA.
The waterproof pan in this embodiment is provided with a fine uneven portion 7 having a combination of relatively large undulations and relatively small uneven portions, and a fine uneven portion 8 having only relatively small uneven portions. The part 8 has a substantially square shape with a side of 3 mm, and the diagonal line is directed in the direction of the flow of the waterproof pan. On the other hand, the portion 7 is provided around the portion 8 with a width of 1.5 mm, and is continuously applied to the waterproof pan. The portion 8 may be a portion showing water repellency.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged photograph taken with a laser microscope of 8000 times showing fine irregularities on the surface of the portion 8. FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 6 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 7 shows a power spectrum and its approximate curve at one of the eight locations when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.
FIG. 8 is an enlarged photograph taken with a laser microscope of 8000 times showing fine irregularities on the surface of the portion 7. Further, FIG. 9 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 10 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 11 shows a power spectrum and an approximate curve thereof at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A. FIG. 12 is an enlarged photograph taken with a 400 × laser microscope showing fine irregularities on the surface of the portion 8.
Further, FIG. 13 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 14 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 15 shows a power spectrum at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition C.
FIG. 16 is an enlarged photograph taken with a 400 × laser microscope showing fine irregularities on the surface of the portion 7. Moreover, FIG. 17 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 18 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 19 shows a power spectrum at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition C.

The waterproof pan in the present example was manufactured by performing sheet etching compound (SMC) molding using a mold that was subjected to predetermined etching on the mold surface, further subjected to hard chrome plating, and further subjected to predetermined sandblasting. Is.
The mold surface is processed by masking a portion corresponding to the portion 8 on the mold surface, and performing a predetermined etching only on the portion corresponding to the portion 7 (TH-114 matte pear texture manufactured by Tanasawa Yako Co., Ltd.). Apply.
Thereafter, the masking was peeled off, and the entire surface was coated with hard chrome plating with a film thickness of 40 μm.
By such a manufacturing method, the portion 7 corresponds to a portion subjected to chrome plating after the etching process and further subjected to sand blasting, and the portion 8 corresponds to a portion subjected to sand blasting after chrome plating.

In the waterproof pan in this example, when the fine irregularities were measured under the measurement condition A and the measurement condition B, the portion 7 had Ra = 1.398 μm, Ry = 8.8 μm, Sm = 0.726 μm, Sm / Ry. = 0.101, and the surface area was 658.49 μm ² (r = 26.3).
Moreover, the power spectrum was -30 μm ² or more at 7 sites of 8 sites. On the other hand, the portion 8 had Ra = 1.004 μm, Ry = 6.957 μm, Sm = 0.833 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.123, and the surface area was 479.88 μm ² (r = 19.2). . Moreover, the power spectrum was -30 μm ² or more at 8 locations and 5 locations. That is, it can be seen that the fine unevenness is relatively small in both the portions 7 and b. Note that Ra, Ry, Sm, and the power spectrum are 4 in the range shown in the photograph of FIG. 4 (37 μm × 27 μm) and 4 in another range (37 μm × 27 μm) that is similarly visible in the laser microscope. Measurements were made at a total of 8 locations. The same applies to the following examples.
Further, in the waterproof pan in the present example, when the fine irregularities were measured under the measurement condition C, the portion 7 had all eight power spectrum peak values, and the reciprocal of the wavelength was 0.001 to 0.015. / Μm (wavelength conversion 1000 to 66.67 μm) was 30 μm ² or more. On the other hand, in the portion 8, the peak value of the power spectrum was all 8 locations, and there were no locations exceeding 30 μm ² . That is, it can be seen that the portion 7 is composed of a combination of relatively small unevenness and relatively large undulations.

The drainage gradient is 1/50, but the flow path has the same gradient in the maximum gradient direction of the drainage gradient. A steep slope of 1/10 is applied in the vicinity of the flow groove 5. The above drainage gradient is the same in the following examples and comparative examples.
The waterproof pan in the present example is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the shower pan is used to discharge the entire waterproof pan. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere at room temperature of 15 ° C. and humidity of 66%, so that the surface of the waterproof pan is The time until complete drying was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, immediately after water discharge, the flow of water to the sink groove was interrupted, the water spread thinly in the form of a water film over the entire floor, and after about 4 hours, all of the water in the hydrophilic treatment portion on the surface was dried.
Further, when the contamination property was examined based on the contamination test of JIS A 4419 (after measuring the color difference of the surface of the specimen before contamination, carbon black was imprinted on the surface, washed off with a detergent solution, dried and further dried. The color difference was measured.), The contamination recovery rate (color difference after contamination / color difference ratio before contamination) was 90%.

The waterproof pan shown in FIG. 1 was produced. The surface texture was as shown in FIG. FIG. 24 is a partially enlarged view showing the surface texture.
The waterproof pan in the present example was manufactured by performing sheet etching compound (SMC) molding using a mold that was subjected to predetermined etching on the mold surface, further subjected to hard chrome plating, and further subjected to predetermined sandblasting. Is.
The waterproof pan in this embodiment is provided with a fine uneven portion 7 having a combination of relatively large undulations and relatively small uneven portions, and a fine uneven portion 8 having only relatively small uneven portions. The portion 8 is substantially rhombus, the long side of the diagonal is 12.8 mm, the short side is 6.8 mm, and the long side of the diagonal is directed in the direction of the flow of the waterproof pan. On the other hand, the portion 7 is provided with a width of 1 mm around the portion 8 and is continuously applied to the waterproof pan.

  FIG. 25 is an enlarged photograph taken with a laser microscope of 8000 times showing fine irregularities on the surface of the portion 8. Further, FIG. 26 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 27 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 28 shows a power spectrum and its approximate curve at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.

  FIG. 29 is an enlarged photograph taken with a laser microscope of 8000 times showing fine irregularities on the surface of the portion 7. Further, FIG. 30 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 31 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 32 shows a power spectrum and an approximate curve thereof at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.

FIG. 33 is an enlarged photograph taken with a 400 × laser microscope showing fine irregularities on the surface of the portion 8. Further, FIG. 34 shows a cross-sectional curve and FIG. 36 shows a power spectrum at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition C.
FIG. 37 is an enlarged photograph taken with a 400 × laser microscope showing fine irregularities on the surface of the portion 7. Further, FIG. 38 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 39 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 40 shows a power spectrum at one of the eight locations when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition C.

The waterproof pan in the present example was manufactured by performing sheet etching compound (SMC) molding using a mold that was subjected to predetermined etching on the mold surface, further subjected to hard chrome plating, and further subjected to predetermined sandblasting. Is.
The mold surface is processed by masking a portion corresponding to the portion 8 on the mold surface, and applying a predetermined etching only to the portion corresponding to the portion 7 (Tanazawa Yako Co., Ltd. TH-114 matte pear). . Thereafter, the masking was removed, and the entire surface was coated with hard chrome plating with a film thickness of 40 μm, and further, sandblasting with a sand particle size of No. 150 was applied to the entire surface.
By such a manufacturing method, the portion 7 corresponds to a portion subjected to chrome plating after the etching process and further subjected to sand blasting, and the portion 8 corresponds to a portion subjected to sand blasting after chrome plating.

In the waterproof pan in this example, when the fine unevenness was measured under the measurement conditions A and B, the portion 7 was Ra = 0.785 μm, Ry = 7.321 μm, Sm = 0.481 μm, Sm / Ry. = 0.136, and the surface area was 612.07 μm ² (r = 24.5). Moreover, the power spectrum was -30 μm ² or more at 6 locations of 8 locations. On the other hand, the portion 8 had Ra = 0.968 μm, Ry = 7.252 μm, Sm = 0.588 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.081, and the surface area was 505.91 μm ² (r = 20.2). . Moreover, the power spectrum was -30 μm ² or more at 8 locations and 5 locations. That is, it can be seen that the fine irregularities in both portions 7 and 8 are relatively small irregularities.

Further, in the waterproof pan in the present example, when the fine irregularities were measured under the measurement condition C, the portion 7 had all eight power spectrum peak values, and the reciprocal of the wavelength was 0.001 to 0.015. / Μm (wavelength conversion 1000 to 66.67 μm) was 30 μm ² or more. On the other hand, in the portion 8, the peak value of the power spectrum was all 8 locations, and there were no locations exceeding 30 μm ² . That is, it can be seen that the portion 7 is composed of a combination of relatively small unevenness and relatively large undulations.

Such a waterproof pan is manufactured, the waterproof pan is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the entire waterproof pan is discharged using a shower. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere of room temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 66%. The time until the waterproof pan surface was completely dried was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, immediately after water discharge, the flow of water to the sink groove was interrupted, the water spread thinly in the form of a water film over the entire floor, and after about 4 hours, all of the water in the hydrophilic treatment portion on the surface was dried.
Further, when the contamination property was examined based on the contamination test of JIS A 4419 (after measuring the color difference of the surface of the specimen before contamination, carbon black was imprinted on the surface, washed off with a detergent solution, dried and further dried. The color difference was measured), and the contamination recovery rate (color difference after contamination / color difference ratio before contamination) was 93%.

The waterproof pan shown in FIG. 1 was produced. The surface texture was as shown in FIG. FIG. 41 is a partially enlarged view showing a surface texture.
The waterproof pan in the present example was manufactured by performing sheet etching compound (SMC) molding using a mold that was subjected to predetermined etching on the mold surface, further subjected to hard chrome plating, and further subjected to predetermined sandblasting. Is.
The waterproof pan in this embodiment is provided with a fine uneven portion 7 having a combination of relatively large undulations and relatively small uneven portions, and a fine uneven portion 8 having only relatively small uneven portions. The portion 8 has a circular shape with a diameter of 10 mm and is arranged in a 60 ° staggered pattern with a pitch of 13.5 mm. On the other hand, the portion 7 is provided around the portion 8 and is continuously applied to the waterproof pan.

  FIG. 42 is an enlarged photograph taken with a 8000 × laser microscope showing fine irregularities on the surface of the portion 8. Further, FIG. 43 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 44 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 45 shows a power spectrum and an approximate curve thereof at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.

  FIG. 46 is an enlarged photograph taken with a laser microscope of 8000 times showing fine irregularities on the surface of the portion 7. Further, FIG. 47 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 48 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 49 shows a power spectrum and an approximate curve thereof at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.

FIG. 50 is an enlarged photograph taken with a 400 × laser microscope showing fine irregularities on the surface of the portion 8. In addition, FIG. 51 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 52 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 53 shows a power spectrum at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition C.
FIG. 54 is an enlarged photograph taken with a 400 × laser microscope showing fine irregularities on the surface of the portion 7. Further, FIG. 55 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 56 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 57 shows a power spectrum at one of eight places when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition C.

The waterproof pan in the present example was manufactured by performing sheet etching compound (SMC) molding using a mold that was subjected to predetermined etching on the mold surface, further subjected to hard chrome plating, and further subjected to predetermined sandblasting. Is.
The mold surface is processed by masking a portion corresponding to the portion 8 on the mold surface, and applying a predetermined etching only to the portion corresponding to the portion 7 (Tanazawa Yako Co., Ltd. TH-114 matte pear). . Thereafter, the masking was removed, and the entire surface was coated with hard chrome plating with a film thickness of 40 μm, and further, sandblasting with a sand particle size of No. 150 was applied to the entire surface.
By such a manufacturing method, the portion 7 corresponds to a portion subjected to chrome plating after the etching process and further subjected to sand blasting, and the portion 8 corresponds to a portion subjected to sand blasting after chrome plating.

In the waterproof pan in this example, when the fine unevenness was measured under measurement conditions A and B, the portion 7 was Ra = 1.447 μm, Ry = 9.953 μm, Sm = 0.857 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.087, and the surface area was 509.29 μm ² (r = 20.4). Moreover, the power spectrum was -30 μm ² or more at 7 sites of 8 sites. On the other hand, the portion 8 had Ra = 1.485 μm, Ry = 8.328 μm, Sm = 1.21 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.145, and the surface area was 657.56 μm ² (r = 26.3). . Moreover, the power spectrum was -30 μm ² or more at 6 locations of 8 locations. That is, it can be seen that the fine irregularities in both portions 7 and 8 are relatively small irregularities.

Further, in the waterproof pan in the present example, when the fine irregularities were measured under the measurement condition C, the portion 7 had all eight power spectrum peak values, and the reciprocal of the wavelength was 0.001 to 0.015. / Μm (wavelength conversion 1000 to 66.67 μm) was 30 μm ² or more. On the other hand, in the portion 8, the peak value of the power spectrum was all 8 locations, and there were no locations exceeding 30 μm ² . That is, it can be seen that the portion 7 is composed of a combination of relatively small unevenness and relatively large undulations.

Such a waterproof pan is manufactured, the waterproof pan is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the entire waterproof pan is discharged using a shower. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere of room temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 66%. The time until the waterproof pan surface was completely dried was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, immediately after water discharge, the flow of water to the sink groove was interrupted, the water spread thinly in the form of a water film over the entire floor, and after about 4 hours, all of the water in the hydrophilic treatment portion on the surface was dried.
Further, when the contamination property was examined based on the contamination test of JIS A 4419 (after measuring the color difference of the surface of the specimen before contamination, carbon black was imprinted on the surface, washed off with a detergent solution, dried and further dried. The color difference was measured), and the contamination recovery rate (color difference after contamination / color difference ratio before contamination) was 89%.

Comparative Example 1
A waterproof pan similar to that in Example 1 was prepared. FIG. 20 is an enlarged photograph taken with a laser microscope of 8000 times showing fine irregularities on the surface. FIG. 21 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 22 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 23 shows a power spectrum and its approximate curve at one of the eight locations when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.
The waterproof pan in this example is obtained by applying a predetermined etching (TH-114 matte satin made by Tanazawa Yako Co., Ltd.) to the front surface of the mold, and further coating with a hard chromium plating with a film thickness of 15 μm. It is produced by using sheet molding compound (SMC) molding.
In the waterproof pan in this example, when the fine irregularities were measured under measurement condition A and measurement condition B, Ra = 0.269 μm, Ry = 1.796 μm, Sm = 0.54 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.337. And the surface area was 188.692 μm ² (r = 7.5). Further, the power spectrum was 1 in 8 places, that is, 12.5% was −30 μm ² or more.
Such a waterproof pan is manufactured, the waterproof pan is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the entire waterproof pan is discharged using a shower. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere of room temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 66%. The time until the waterproof pan surface was completely dried was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, water began to aggregate immediately after the water discharge, and did not dry even after about 8 hours.

Comparative Example 2
A waterproof pan similar to that in Example 1 was prepared. FIG. 58 is an enlarged photograph taken with a laser microscope of 8000 times showing the unevenness of the surface. In addition, FIG. 59 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 60 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 61 shows a power spectrum and its approximate curve at one of the eight locations when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.
The waterproof pan in this example is manufactured by performing sheet molding compound (SMC) molding using a mold that is etched with a predetermined rock surface tone on the mold surface and further coated with a hard chromium plating with a film thickness of 15 μm. is there.
In the waterproof pan in this example, when the rock surface portion was measured under measurement condition A and measurement condition B, Ra = 0.117 μm, Ry = 0.73 μm, Sm = 0.26 μm, and Sm / Ry = 0.366. Yes, and the surface area was 169.599 μm ² (r = 6.8). Further, the power spectrum was 1 in 8 places, that is, 12.5% was −30 μm ² or more.
Such a waterproof pan is manufactured, the waterproof pan is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the entire waterproof pan is discharged using a shower. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere of room temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 66%. The time until the waterproof pan surface was completely dried was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, water began to aggregate immediately after the water discharge, and did not dry even after about 8 hours.

Comparative Example 3
A waterproof pan similar to that in Example 1 was prepared. FIG. 62 is an enlarged photograph taken with a laser microscope of 8000 times showing irregularities on the surface. Further, FIG. 63 shows a cross-sectional curve, FIG. 64 shows a deviation ratio curve, and FIG. 65 shows a power spectrum and its approximate curve at one of the eight locations when fine irregularities are measured under measurement condition A.
The waterproof pan in the present example is manufactured by polishing a mold surface to a mirror surface and molding a sheet molding compound (SMC) using a mold coated with a hard chromium plating having a film thickness of 15 μm.
In the waterproof pan in the present example, when the surface was measured under measurement conditions A and B, Ra = 0.164 μm, Ry = 0.999 μm, Sm = 0.363 μm, and Sm / Ry = 0.533. The surface area was 160.32 μm ² (r = 6.4). Further, the power spectrum was 0 in 8 locations, that is, 0% was −30 μm ² or more.
Such a waterproof pan is manufactured, the waterproof pan is fixed in a predetermined arrangement, and the entire waterproof pan is discharged using a shower. After flowing water, it is left in an atmosphere of room temperature 15 ° C. and humidity 66%. The time until the waterproof pan surface was completely dried was measured. In addition, the ventilation fan installed in the bathroom ceiling is operated, and the bathroom door is in a closed state.
As a result, immediately after the water discharge, the flow of water to the sink groove is interrupted, and there are a part where the water spreads thinly in the form of a water film and a part where the water starts to condense immediately after the water discharge. Also did not dry.

A waterproof pan was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. However, the waterproof pan in the present embodiment is manufactured by molding a sheet molding compound (SMC) using a mold subjected to a predetermined surface treatment.
The mold surface is processed by masking a portion corresponding to the portion 8 on the mold surface, and performing a predetermined etching only on the portion corresponding to the portion 7 (TH-114 matte pear texture manufactured by Tanasawa Yako Co., Ltd.). gave. After that, the masking is peeled off and the entire surface is sprayed with sandblast No. 150 with a particle size of sand and glass beads No. 220 with a particle size of glass beads, and then the entire surface is coated with CrN by PVD method. Was performed by coating.
As a result, when measured under measurement condition A and measurement condition B, in part 7, Ra = 1.132 μm, Ry = 8.309 μm, Sm = 0.539 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.079, and the surface area was 765.25 μm. ² (r = 30.6), the power spectrum was −30 μm ² or more at 7 of 8 sites. Part 8 showed water repellency.
The drying time of the waterproof pan measured in the same manner as in the above example was 4 hours. Further, the contamination recovery rate was 93.2%. Moreover, the slip start angle which shows slipperiness was 46-49 degree | times.

For the slipperiness, 5% soap water is applied to the test piece, a rubber plate with a weight of about 90 g is placed, the test piece is tilted gradually, and the angle at which the rubber plate starts to slide (slip start angle) is measured. Smaller angles are relatively slippery .

A waterproof pan was produced in the same manner as in Example 4.
As a result, when measured under measurement condition A and measurement condition B, in part 7, Ra = 0.976 μm, Ry = 7.348 μm, Sm = 0.596 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.11, and the surface area is 510.06 μm. ² (r = 20.4), the power spectrum was -30 μm ² or more at 5 out of 8 places. Part 8 showed water repellency.
The drying time of the waterproof pan measured in the same manner as in the above example was 3 hours. Further, the contamination recovery rate was 95.2%. Moreover, the slip start angle which shows slipperiness was 51-53 degree | times .

A waterproof pan was produced in the same manner as in Example 4.
As a result, when measured under measurement condition A and measurement condition B, in part 7, Ra = 1.94 μm, Ry = 8.351 μm, Sm = 0.578 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.081, and the surface area was 519.52 μm. ² (r = 20.8), the power spectrum was −30 μm ² or more at 7 of 8 sites. Part 8 showed water repellency.
The drying time of the waterproof pan measured in the same manner as in the above example was 4 hours. Further, the contamination recovery rate was 93.8%. Moreover, the slip start angle which shows slipperiness was 48-50 degree | times .

A waterproof pan was produced in the same manner as in Example 4.
As a result, when measured under measurement condition A and measurement condition B, in part 7, Ra = 0.708 μm, Ry = 5.351 μm, Sm = 0.498 μm, Sm / Ry = 0.11, and the surface area was 464.1 μm. ^{2. The} power spectrum was -30 μm ² or more at 5 out of 8 locations.
Part 8 showed water repellency.
The drying time of the waterproof pan measured in the same manner as in the above example was 4.5 hours. Further, the contamination recovery rate was 93.3%. Moreover, the slip start angle which shows slipperiness was 38-40 degree | times.

In the same manner as in each of the above-described embodiments, a plate-like component (shown with no drainage gradient) shown in the plan view of FIG. 1 was produced, and the same characteristics / effects as described above were shown.

The top view of the waterproofing pan in one Example of this invention. The elements on larger scale which show the surface texture of the waterproofing pan of FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the surface texture of FIG. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation of the part 8 in one Example of this invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. 4. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 6, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation of the part 7 in one Example of this invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. 8. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 10, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation of the part 8 in one Example of this invention. Sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation of the part 7 in one comparative example of this invention. FIG. 17 is a sectional curve in one section of FIG. 16. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation in one comparative example of this invention. FIG. 21 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. 20. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 22, and its approximation curve. The elements on larger scale which show the surface texture of the waterproofing pan of FIG. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation of the part 8 in one Example of this invention. FIG. 26 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 27, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation of the part 7 in one Example of this invention. FIG. 30 is a sectional curve in one section of FIG. 29. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation of the part 8 in one Example of this invention. FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. 34 and its approximated curve . The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation of the part 7 in one Example of this invention. FIG. 37 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. 36. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 38, and its approximation curve. The elements on larger scale which show the surface texture of the waterproofing pan of FIG. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation of the part 8 in one Example of this invention. FIG. 42 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. 41. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 43, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation of the part 7 in one Example of this invention. FIG. 46 is a sectional curve in one section of FIG. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 47, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation of the part 8 in one Example of this invention. FIG. 50 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. 49. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 51, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the fine unevenness | corrugation of the part 7 in one Example of this invention. FIG. 54 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 55, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the unevenness | corrugation in one comparative example of this invention. FIG. 58 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 59, and its approximation curve. The enlarged photograph by the laser microscope of the unevenness | corrugation in one comparative example of this invention. 61 is a cross-sectional curve in one cross section of FIG. The deviation ratio curve with respect to the average value calculated | required from the cross-sectional curve of FIG. The power spectrum calculated | required from the deviation ratio curve of FIG. 63, and its approximation curve. The partial top view of the state which gave the tile in the present invention and laid down on the floor. The partial top view of the state which gave the joint which divided the tile which has the groove | channel in this invention, and spread | laid it on the floor. The top view of the structural member for construction in one Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1: Waterproof pan 2: Bath installation part 3: Drain port recess 4: Drain port 5: Drain channel 6: Joint division 7: A part composed of a combination of relatively large undulations and relatively small irregularities 8: relatively Part 9: Tiles 10: Groove composed only of small irregularities

Claims (9)

  A structural or structural component having fine irregularities that have hydrophilicity to prevent water agglomeration on the surface and to form a water film, and the fine irregularities have relatively large undulations. A construction or building component that is a non-slip floor material composed of a combination of a relatively small unevenness. Relatively large undulations can be arbitrarily selected with a laser microscope by setting the resolution in the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction to 0.728 μm, the resolution in the height (Z) direction to 0.5 μm, and the measurement length to 745 μm. When 5 or more points are measured, the average value of the values in the Z direction of the cross-sectional curve is obtained for each point, the deviation rate curve is obtained from the average value, the deviation rate curve is Fourier transformed, and the reciprocal of the wavelength is obtained. The power spectrum is obtained, and the peak value is 50% of the measured location where the reciprocal of the wavelength is 0.001 to 0.015 / μm (wavelength conversion 1000 to 66.67 μm) and 30 μm ² or more. The construction or building component according to claim 1, which is applied as described above.   Relatively small irregularities can be selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope by setting the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length to 5 μm. The construction or building component according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the average value of the arithmetic average roughness Ra is 0.7 µm or more when measured at five or more locations.   Relatively small irregularities can be selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope by setting the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length to 5 μm. The construction or building component according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the average value of the maximum height Ry is 5 µm or more when measured at five or more locations.   Relatively small irregularities can be selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope by setting the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length to 5 μm. The average value of ratio Sm / Ry of average space | interval Sm of unevenness | corrugation and the maximum height Ry is measured so that it may be 0.2 or less when measuring five or more places. Construction or building component as described.   Relatively small irregularities can be selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope by setting the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length to 5 μm. However, when five or more locations are measured, the average value of arithmetic average roughness Ra is 0.8 μm or more, and the average value of the ratio Sm / Ry between the average interval Sm of unevenness and the maximum height Ry is 0.2 or less. The construction or building component according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which is applied in a certain manner. Relatively small irregularities are set with a laser microscope, the resolution in the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction is set to 0.0364 μm, the resolution in the height (Z) direction is set to 0.05 μm, and the measurement range is 5 μm square. The structural member for construction or construction according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an average value of the surface area of the unevenness is 400 µm ² or more when measured at five or more selected locations. Relatively small irregularities can be selected arbitrarily with a laser microscope by setting the horizontal and vertical (XY) direction resolution to 0.0364 μm, the height (Z) direction resolution to 0.05 μm, and the measurement length to 5 μm. When 5 or more points are measured, the average value of the values in the Z direction of the cross-sectional curve is obtained for each point, the deviation rate curve is obtained from the average value, the deviation rate curve is Fourier transformed, and the reciprocal of the wavelength is obtained. A power spectrum is obtained, and an approximate curve obtained by logarithmic approximation is measured at a location where the entire range of the reciprocal of the wavelength is 2.5 to 14 / μm (wavelength conversion 0.4 to 0.071 μm) is −30 μm ² or more. The structural member for construction or building according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the structural member is applied so as to be 50% or more of the formed portion.   9. The construction or building component according to claim 1, comprising a plastic piece, a ceramic piece, a metal piece or a rubber piece.

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