JP4001773B2 - Frame structure of planting base - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a frame structure of a thin layer planting base.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, for example, for the purpose of rooftop greening, planting is sometimes performed on artificial ground (asphalt, concrete, pavement surface, etc.) on the rooftop.
The planting base is made of, for example, soil or a water-absorbing sponge, and turf grass is planted on the base. The planting base is surrounded by a frame.
This frame is usually formed by continuously arranging rectangular members such as bricks, blocks, wood, etc. In recent years, these frame members are imitated and configured to be connectable. There has also been proposed a technique for easily forming a frame body by using (see JP-A-7-255277).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when using the planting base as above, especially for rooftop greening, weight reduction is required, so it must be made into a thin layer, and therefore the planting base must have sufficient moisture. There is a problem that can not be. In addition, the existing frame has a problem that the amount of water evaporation from the boundary between the inner wall surface and the planting base is large, the planting base near the frame is dried and the surrounding planting is depleted. is there.
Further, when soil is used as a planting base, for example, when there is rainfall exceeding the water permeability of the planting base, there is a problem that the soil flows out together with rainwater and clogs surrounding drain holes and the like.
Moreover, there is a problem that rhizomes such as turfgrass grow over the frame member from the end of the planting base.
Therefore, the present invention provides a frame structure of a planting base that can increase the water retention and drainage properties of the planting base, maintain a wet state suitable for planting growth, and reduce the maintenance man-hour of the planting base. is there.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the invention described in claim 1 is a frame structure that surrounds a planting base by a plurality of frame members connected to each other, and the frame members include an upper wall, a side wall, and a lower wall. And the upper and lower walls have a substantially U-shaped cross-section and open toward a planting base composed of a waterproof sheet, a water retention layer and a planting layer, and the outer edge of the planting base inside this frame member A porous member is disposed on the side wall of the frame member, and a slit-shaped drainage portion penetrating to the side wall is provided on the lower wall of the frame member .
By configuring in this way, the boundary between the inner wall surface of the frame member and the outer edge of the planting base can be covered with the upper wall of the frame member to eliminate sunlight and wind, and the planting base that easily evaporates moisture It becomes possible to prevent drying of the outer edge portion.
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 9, the rhizome which crawls the upper part of a planting base can be stopped in the planting layer accommodated in the inside of a frame member.
Furthermore, it becomes possible to introduce surplus water on the upper surface of the planting base to the drainage portion through the porous member from the gap with the upper wall of the frame member.
[0005]
In the invention described in claim 2, the lower surface of the upper wall is moved from the side wall side to the planting base side so as to form a gap between the lower surface of the upper wall of the frame member and the upper surface of the planting layer. It is characterized by being inclined so as to reduce the thickness of the upper wall as it goes .
By comprising in this way, it becomes possible to guide the rhizome (stron) which crawls the surface of the planting base into the gap between the upper wall of the frame member and the upper surface of the planting base as shown in FIG. .
[0010]
In addition, the planting base includes wild buckwheat, pearl millet, velvet grass, bermuda grass, centipede grass, buffalo grass, weeping love grass, bahia grass, kikuyu grass, kentucky blue grass, red top, creeping bentgrass, tall fescue, red fescue It is desirable that at least one kind of turfgrass selected from the group is implanted .
By comprising in this way, it becomes possible to select various kinds of turfgrass, without considering fertility and drought resistance.
[0011]
In addition, the planting base is at least one selected from the group consisting of wild buckwheat, pearl millet, velvet buckwheat, bermuda grass, centipede grass, buffalo grass, bahia grass, kikuyu grass, kentucky blue grass, red top, creeping bent grass, and red fescue. It is desirable to plant turfgrass with seed fertility .
By comprising in this way, it becomes possible to select various kinds of turfgrass, without considering the maintenance effort especially by overgrowth of rhizomes.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, a waterproof sheet 21 made of vinyl or the like is laid on an artificial ground G such as a rooftop, and, for example, soil is carried thereon to form a planting layer 1A and a water retention layer 21A described later. The planting base 1 is formed by the waterproof sheet 21, the planting layer 1A, and the water retaining layer 21A. This planting base 1 grows plants and greens the rooftop, etc., and is surrounded by a frame 3 to be separated from the surroundings and earth retaining is applied.
[0013]
The frame 3 surrounding the planting base 1 is formed by connecting a plurality of frame members 4 and connecting members 15 provided at corner portions of the frame 3. As shown in FIG. 2, both ends of the frame member 4 are connected to the adjacent frame member 4 or the connecting member 15 by bolts 30 and nuts 31. Moreover, the frame 3 is fixed to a predetermined position on the ground G by fitting the frame member 4 to the stud bolt 32 erected on the ground G where the planting base 1 is installed and tightening the nut 33. .
[0014]
The planting base 1 is formed to a thickness of about 30 to 150 mm, and turf grass, for example, is planted as the planting 2 in the planting layer 1A. The frame member 4 is formed in a U-shaped cross section by the upper wall 5, the side wall 6, and the lower wall 7, and has a cross-sectional shape that opens toward the planting base 1. And the outer edge part 1b of the planting base | substrate 1 is settled in the inside K of the frame member 4. FIG.
Further, a porous member 20 to be described later is disposed in the interior K of the frame member 4 so as to contact the side wall 6.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, the frame member 4 is formed to have a constant length of about 500 mm by, for example, glass fiber concrete, and extends in the same cross section along the outer edge portion 1 b of the planting base 1. is there. Further, a front wall 8 and a rear wall 9 are provided at both ends in the extending direction (the direction of arrow C in the figure), respectively, and a box having an opening 11 on the side along with the upper wall 5, the side wall 6 and the lower wall 7. It is formed into a mold.
In this embodiment, the width of the cross section of the frame member 4 is 100 mm, the height is 90 mm, and the wall thickness of each wall is 10 to 15 mm.
[0016]
The outer surfaces 8a, 9a of the front wall 8 and the rear wall 9 of the frame member 4 are formed in a plane perpendicular to the extending direction, that is, a plane parallel to the vertical direction, and the width direction of the front wall 8 and the rear wall 9 (see FIG. Bolt holes 12 for connecting to the adjacent frame member 4 or the connecting member 15 are provided in the central part in the middle arrow E direction).
The lower wall 7 of the frame member 4 is provided with a slit-shaped drainage portion 14 so as to divide the lower wall 7 into two in the extending direction, and is formed so as to penetrate to the side wall 6.
Fixing holes 13 for fixing the frame body 3 to the ground G are respectively provided in the front wall 8 side portion and the rear wall 9 side portion of the lower wall 7.
[0017]
Here, a porous member 20 can be disposed in the interior K of the frame member 4 through the opening 11. The porous member 20 is made of, for example, porous concrete having a thickness of at least about 5 mm to 50 mm. The porous member 20 is in contact with the inner surface 6a of the side wall 6 and is formed across the upper surface 7a of the lower wall 7 and the lower surface 5a of the upper wall 5. Has been. Further, a gap S described later can be set between the upper surface 1 a of the planting base 1 accommodated in the inside K of the frame member 4 from the opening 11 and the lower surface 5 a of the upper wall 5 of the frame member 4. .
[0018]
Moreover, the upper surface 7a of the lower wall 7 is formed so as to be inclined so as to decrease the thickness of the lower wall 7 from the side wall 6 side toward the planting base 1 side. That is, the upper surface 7a of the lower wall 7 is inclined so that the planting base 1 side is lowered. Similarly to the lower surface 7a of the lower wall 7, the lower surface 5a of the upper wall 5 is also formed to be inclined so that the thickness decreases from the side wall 6 side toward the planting base 1 side.
Further, the upper surface 5 and the side wall 6 of the frame member 4 are formed with textures such as wood grain on the outer surfaces 5b and 6b. It should be noted that the material of the frame member 4 is colored in a brown color if each texture is a wood grain.
[0019]
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the connecting member 15 is formed of, for example, concrete containing glass fiber, like the frame member 4, and has an upper wall 18 and four side walls 16 </ b> A, 16 </ b> B, 17, and 17 below. It is formed in a rectangular bowl shape that opens.
The side walls 16A and 16B are adjacent to each other, and the outer surfaces 16a and 16b of the side walls 16A and 16B are formed in a plane parallel to the vertical direction and are orthogonal to each other.
Each of the side walls 16 </ b> A and 16 </ b> B is formed in the same shape as the front wall 8 and the rear wall 9 of the frame member 4. Each side wall 16A, 16B has a connecting hole 19 corresponding to the bolt hole 12 provided in each of the front wall 8 and the rear wall 9, and the side wall 16A has a central portion in the width direction (arrow F direction in the figure). In addition, the side wall 16B is provided at the center in the width direction (in the direction of arrow H in the figure).
[0020]
Further, the outer surfaces 17a, 17a of the other side walls 17, 17 and the outer surface 18a of the upper wall 18 are formed with textures corresponding to the outer surface 5b of the upper wall 5 of the frame member 4 and the outer surface 6b of the side wall 6. The material of the connecting member 15 is colored so as to match the texture.
The inner surfaces of the side walls 16A, 16B, 17, and 17 are formed so as to be inclined so as to decrease the thickness of the side walls as they go downward.
[0021]
Next, the operation of the present invention will be described.
First, the frame member 3 is formed by disposing the frame member 4 and the connecting member 15 on the ground G on which the planting 2 is installed.
When the frame member 4 is connected linearly, the front wall 8 and the rear wall 9 of the frame member 4 are brought into contact with each other, a bolt 30 is inserted into the bolt hole 12 from the inside of one frame member 4, and the other frame By tightening the nut 31 from the inside of the member 4, the frame members 4 can be connected to each other.
[0022]
Further, when the two frame members 4 and 4 are connected at right angles, either the front wall 8 or the rear wall 9 of one frame member 4 is brought into contact with, for example, the side wall 16A of the connection member 15, and the other frame. Either the front wall 8 or the rear wall 9 of the member 4 is brought into contact with, for example, the side wall 16B of the connecting member 15, and the bolt 30 is inserted into the bolt hole 12 or the connecting hole 19 from one of the frame members 4 or the connecting member 15. By tightening the nut 31 from the other side, the frame members 4 and 4 can be connected at right angles via the connecting member 15.
At this time, the bolt hole 12 of the frame member 4 is provided in the center part in the width direction of the front wall 8 and the rear wall 9, and the connection hole 19 of the connection member 15 is provided in the center part in the width direction of the side walls 16A and 16B. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 1, it is possible to form either a convex right-angle portion on the outside of the frame body 3 or a convex right-angle portion on the inside. In addition, it is also possible to raise the shape freedom degree of the frame 3 by setting the connection member 15 made into arbitrary angles, without making the outer surface 16a of the side wall 16A and the outer surface 16b of the side wall 16B orthogonal.
[0023]
Then, the stud bolt 32 erected on the ground G on which the planting base 1 is installed is inserted into the fixing hole 13 provided in the lower wall 7 of each frame member 4, and the nut 33 is tightened from the inside of the frame member 4. Thus, the frame 3 can be fixed at a predetermined position on the ground G.
At this time, a member serving as a base of the planting base 1 may be disposed on the ground G, and the stud bolt 32 may be erected on the base member. In this case, it is not necessary to embed or bond a bolt to the ground such as the rooftop, so that the construction is easy and the shape and position of the frame 3 can be easily changed.
[0024]
Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the porous member 20 is disposed inside the frame member 4, and the waterproof sheet 21 is laid on the ground G surrounded by the frame body 3.
The waterproof sheet 21 is laid so as to ride on the lower wall 7 of the frame member 4, and is stretched to a position in front of the porous member 20. Here, the waterproof sheet 21 is also stretched over a part of the drainage part 14 of the lower wall 7.
And the soil used as the planting layer 1A and the water retention layer 21A is carried in the range enclosed by the frame 3, and the planting base 1 is formed. At this time, the soil enters to the inside K of the frame member 4 and is accommodated so that the outer edge portion 1 b of the planting base 1 is in contact with the wall surface 20 a of the porous member 20. That is, the outer edge 1 b of the planting base 1 is accommodated in the frame member 4.
[0025]
Here, in the structure of the frame body 3, the frame member 4 is set so that a range of at least 30 mm or more from the outer edge of the planting base 1 can be accommodated in the frame member 4. In addition, a gap S of at least about 3 mm to 30 mm leading to the porous member 20 is provided between the upper surface 1 a of the planting base 1 and the lower surface 5 a of the upper wall 5 of the frame member 4. At this time, since the lower surface 5a of the upper wall 5 is formed so that the thickness on the planting base 1 side is reduced, the gap S is easily provided.
It is possible to plant a desired planting 2 on the planting base 1 formed in this way, and to achieve rooftop greening and the like.
[0026]
Here, as planting 2, wild buckwheat (Zoysia spp. Z. japonica species), koraishiba (Zoysia spp. Z. matrella sp.), Velvet shiba (Zoysia spp. Z. tenufolia spp.), Bermuda grass (Cynokon spp. Centipedograss (Eremochloa spp. E. opiuroides spp.), Buffalo grass (Buchloe spp. B. dactyloides spp.), Weeping lovegrass (Eragrostis spp. E. curvula spp.), Bahiagrass (Paspalum spp. P.notatum spp. P. clandestinum species), Kentucky bluegrass (Poa genus P. platensis species), red top (Agro) Itis genus A. alba), creeping bentgrass (Agrostis genus A. palustris), tall fescue (Festuka genus F. arundinacea), red fescue (Festuca genus F. rubra), etc. A kind of turfgrass with low dry resistance can be used.
[0027]
At this time, a boundary portion between the planting base 1 and the wall surface 20 a of the porous member 20 is covered from above by the upper wall 5 of the frame member 4. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the sun and wind from hitting the boundary portion where moisture easily evaporates, and to prevent the planting 2 near the outer edge 1b of the planting base 1 from being damaged.
Moreover, the planting base 1 can be arrange | positioned to the inside K of the frame member 4, and the water retention amount of the planting base 1 can be increased. In particular, since the amount of water retained in the vicinity of the outer edge 1b of the planting base 1 that is easy to dry can be increased, it is possible to further prevent the planting 2 in the vicinity of the outer edge 1b from withering.
Moreover, since the outer edge part 1b of the planting base | substrate 1 can be covered, without narrowing the planting effective area in the planting base | substrate 1, the ground G can be used effectively and can be planted.
[0028]
Here, when water is supplied to the planting base 1, the water penetrates into the soil and drops to the bottom thereof. The water dripped up to the bottom is usually surplus water and is discharged from the drainage part 14 to the outside. However, in this planting base 1, the waterproof sheet 21 laid on the ground G is the lower wall 7 of the frame member 4. Since the water is dripped over and covers a part of the drainage part 14, the water dripped on the waterproof sheet 21 can be stored in the bottom of the soil by the thickness of the lower wall 7 of the frame member 4. That is, the bottom of the soil becomes the water retention layer 21 </ b> A in the planting base 1.
Since the upper surface 7a of the lower wall 7 is inclined so as to be lowered toward the planting base 1 in the water retaining layer 21A, the water dropped on the lower wall 7 can be recovered and stored without waste.
[0029]
In addition, when excessive water is supplied to the planting base 1, the water overflows from the water retention layer 21A, and as shown by an arrow J in the figure, it climbs over the lower wall 7 to become surplus water, and the drainage part 14 More discharged to the outside.
Thus, by storing an appropriate amount of water in the water retention layer 21A of the planting base 1, the wet state of the planting base 1 can be maintained in a state suitable for the growth of planting.
In particular, when turfgrass having low drought resistance is used as described above, the effect of this effect on the growth of turfgrass appears remarkably.
In addition, it is good also as a structure which arrange | positions the felt for water retention, or the uneven | corrugated sheet | seat for water flow, for example between the planting layer 1A and the waterproof sheet 21 as the water retention layer 21A.
[0030]
Furthermore, when water exceeding the water transmission capacity of the planting base 1 (represented by the water descending distance per hour) is supplied due to a large amount of rain, excess water overflows on the upper surface 1a of the planting base 1. However, in this planting base 1, before the surplus water overflowing on the upper surface 1a gets over the frame 3, the gap S between the lower surface 5a of the upper wall 5 of the frame member 4 and the upper surface 1a of the planting base 1 is formed. Be contained.
As shown by an arrow L in the figure, the stored excess water is quickly dropped inside the porous member 20 and discharged to the outside from the drainage part 14 provided on the lower wall 7 of the frame member 4. At this time, the porous member 20 becomes a filter, and the soil can be damped and only excess water can be discharged to the outside. Therefore, even when there is an excessive supply of water, it is possible to prevent the soil from flowing out together with the excess water.
[0031]
Moreover, even if the rhizome 2a of the planting 2 grows so as to crawl the upper part of the planting base 1 and approaches the frame 3, the rhizome 2a is placed in the planting layer 1A accommodated in the inside K of the frame member 4. It can be stopped (see FIG. 9), and its growth can be suppressed. Therefore, the rhizome of the planting 2 can be prevented from unnecessarily spreading over the frame 3, and the beauty of the planting 2 can be maintained with little effort.
Even if the rhizome 2a of the planting 2 grows over the surface of the planting base 1 and approaches the frame 3, the lower surface of the upper wall 5 of the frame member 4 before the rhizome 2a gets over the frame member 4 It can be induced in the gap S between 5a and the upper surface 1a of the planting base 1 (see FIG. 8). The rhizome 2a induced in the gap S is pressed by the frame member 4 and blocked from sunlight, so that its growth is suppressed. Therefore, like the above, the beauty of the planting 2 can be maintained with little effort.
In particular, when turf grass with high fertility is used as described above, the maintenance man-hour of the planting base 1 can be greatly reduced by this effect.
[0032]
It should be noted that the various shapes and materials of the constituent members shown in the above embodiment, the implementation procedure, and the like are merely examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, the frame member may be formed of resin or wood instead of concrete. The porous member may be a sponge or the like.
Alternatively, the upper wall 5 of the frame member 4 may be provided as a separate member, and the upper wall 5 may be assembled to the frame 3 after the planting base 1 is formed. In this case, it is easy to carry in the soil to the inside K of the frame member 4, and the construction work of the planting base 1 becomes easy.
[0033]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the invention described in claim 1, since it becomes possible to prevent the outer edge of the planting base from being dried, the water retention effect of the planting base is enhanced, and planting in the vicinity of the frame is performed. This has the effect of preventing the plant from withering due to lack of moisture.
In addition, since the rhizome that crawls the top of the planting base can be retained in the planting layer housed inside the frame member, the effect of increasing the root prevention effect and maintaining the aesthetics of planting with a small number of maintenance steps There is.
Furthermore, since surplus water on the top surface of the planting base can be guided to the drainage part through the porous member from the gap with the upper wall of the frame member, when the planting base is soil, There is an effect that it is possible to prevent surplus water containing soil from flowing over the frame member and flowing out to the outside while keeping the moisture of the water constant.
[0034]
According to the invention described in claim 2, since it becomes possible to guide the rhizome that crawls the upper surface of the planting base into the gap between the upper wall of the frame member and the upper surface of the planting base, In addition to increasing the root-preventing effect, it is possible to maintain the beauty of planting with a small number of maintenance steps.
[0039]
According to the present invention, it is possible to select various types of turfgrass without considering fertility and drought resistance, so that the root prevention effect and the water retention effect according to claims 1 and 2 are remarkable. In addition, it has the effect of increasing the degree of planting freedom in urban greening.
[0040]
In addition, according to the present invention, it is possible to select various types of turfgrass without particularly considering the trouble of maintenance due to the overgrowth of the rhizomes, so that the root prevention effect according to claims 1 and 2 is more effective. It appears more prominently and has the effect of increasing the degree of freedom of planting in urban greening.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a frame member in the embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D of FIG.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a connecting member according to the embodiment of the present invention.
6 is a bottom view of FIG. 5. FIG.
7 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B in FIG.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram when a stront-type turfgrass is implanted.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram when a lysosomal turfgrass is implanted.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Planting base 1A Planting layer 1a Upper surface 1b Outer edge part 3 Frame body 4 Frame member 5 Upper wall 5a Lower surface 6 Side wall 7 Lower wall 14 Drainage part 15 Connection member 20 Porous member 21 Waterproof sheet 21A Water retention layer S Gap K Inside

Claims (2)

A frame structure surrounding a planting base by a plurality of frame members connected to each other, wherein the frame member has an upper wall, a side wall, and a lower wall, and the upper and lower walls are substantially U-shaped in cross section. And open toward the planting base composed of a waterproof sheet, a water retention layer and a planting layer, accommodate the outer edge of the planting base inside the frame member, and place a porous member on the side wall of the frame member. The frame structure of the planting base | substrate characterized by providing and providing the slit-shaped drainage part which penetrates to the said side wall in the lower wall of a frame member.   In order to form a gap between the lower surface of the upper wall of the frame member and the upper surface of the planting layer, the thickness of the upper wall is decreased as the lower surface of the upper wall is moved from the side wall side toward the planting base side. The frame structure of the planting base according to claim 1, wherein the frame structure is inclined so as to decrease.

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