JP4009687B2 - Secondary lining method for tunnel - Google Patents
Secondary lining method for tunnel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4009687B2 JP4009687B2 JP29950597A JP29950597A JP4009687B2 JP 4009687 B2 JP4009687 B2 JP 4009687B2 JP 29950597 A JP29950597 A JP 29950597A JP 29950597 A JP29950597 A JP 29950597A JP 4009687 B2 JP4009687 B2 JP 4009687B2
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- Prior art keywords
- epoxy resin
- secondary lining
- resin
- lining method
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
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- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Epoxy Resins (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はシールドトンネル等の二次覆工方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
シールドトンネルの構築に当っては、従来、セグメントを用いたプレハブ構造で一次覆工を行い、その補強、防蝕、蛇行修正、防水などを兼ねた仕上げとして、コンクリートを打設して二次覆工を行っている。
コンクリートによる二次覆工では、必要以上に大きなトンネルを掘削しなければならず、土砂の排出量やコンクリートの使用量が多くなり、また、乾燥に長時間を要するという問題点が指摘されている。
【0003】
一方、上記問題点を解決する試みもなされており、例えば、コンクリートに代えて、ポリウレタン系、その他の合成樹脂材料を使用した二次覆工材が提案されている。
当該二次覆工材によれば、コンクリート二次覆工材による前記問題点は改善されるものの、ポリウレタン系二次覆工材では、イソシアネート成分を使用するために水との反応性が大きく、湿潤面での使用では樹脂成分の硬化が十分に進まないという欠点があった。
【0004】
また、従来、コンクリート構造物に対してはエポキシ樹脂系の塗装が行われているが、コンクリートセグメントを用いたプレハブ構造の一次覆工上では、セグメントの変動があり、通常のエポキシ樹脂系塗料では追従性に難点がある。また、コンクリート背面からの水圧に対しては、有機塗膜のみではフクレ等が発生し、塗膜の欠陥原因となる。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、湿潤状態でも施工可能であり、防蝕性、防水性、補強性、平滑性、施工性に優れたトンネルの二次覆工方法を提供することを発明が解決しようとする課題とするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明に係るトンネルの二次覆工方法は、トンネルの一次覆工表面に、エポキシ樹脂系の下塗り材、ポリマーセメント系の素地調整材、および、繊維補強材が混入され後記上塗り材と同種の中塗り材を順次塗布した後、エポキシ樹脂系、ビニルエステル樹脂系またはメチルメタクリレート樹脂系の上塗り材を塗装することを特徴とするものである。
【0007】
前記エポキシ樹脂系の上塗り材の樹脂成分は、ウレタン変性エポキシ樹脂またはポリサルファイド変性エポキシ樹脂であることが好ましい。
【0008】
前記上塗り材としてメチルメタクリレート樹脂系塗料またはビニルエステル樹脂系塗料を使用する場合には、前記素地調整材と中塗り材との間に、エポキシ樹脂系プライマーおよびウレタン系プライマーを塗装することが好ましい。
【0009】
前記素地調整材はエポキシ樹脂を混和材として含むことが好ましい。
また、前記素地調整材にはカーボン繊維を配合することが好ましい。
前記繊維補強材はガラスクロスまたはカーボンクロスであることが好ましい。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の好適な実施形態について説明する。
【0011】
本発明に係るトンネルの二次覆工方法は、シールドトンネル等に施された一次覆工の表面をサンダー、サンドブラスト等の通常の前処理を行った後に施工される。一次覆工には格別の制限はなく、セグメントのプレハブ構造などでよい。
【0012】
一次覆工表面には、先ず、湿潤面に対して接着性の高いエポキシ樹脂系の下塗り材(プライマー)を塗装する。
プライマーは、一液型エポキシ塗料、二液型エポキシ塗料のいずれでもよく、水、または、トルエン、キシレン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン、アセトン、酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、メチルグリコールアセテート、エチルグリコールアセテート等の有機溶剤で希釈して用いてもよい。
【0013】
一液型エポキシ塗料としては、例えば、ケチミンを配合したエポキシ系塗料が用いられる。また、二液型エポキシ塗料の例としては、第一液として一般に常温硬化型のビスフェノール型エポキシ樹脂が用いられ、第二液としては、常温硬化型エポキシ樹脂硬化剤として慣用されているメタキシレンジアミン、イソホロンジアミン、ポリエチレンポリアミン等の脂肪族ポリアミン、複素環式ポリアミン、ジアミノジフェニルメタン等が用いられる。
上記プライマー用エポキシ系塗料には、上記の成分に加え、さらに通常のエポキシ系塗料に慣用されている体質顔料、着色顔料、改質剤等の添加剤を配合することができる。
【0014】
ポリマーセメント系の素地調整材は、骨材、セメント、ポリマー成分および水から構成され、ポリマー混和材としては、引張強度が大きく、水密性が高い点で、エポキシポリマーセメント系のものが好ましい。エポキシ樹脂成分としては、エマルジョン型や自己乳化型のエポキシ樹脂またはアクリル樹脂およびこれらの混合物を用いることができる。
【0015】
前記樹脂成分に対する硬化剤成分としては、ポリアミド系のものが好ましい。また、骨材、セメントには特別の制限はなく、通常用いられている珪砂等の骨材とポルトランドセメントを使用することができる。
素地調整材は、一次覆工表面を平滑に仕上げるとともに、背面からの水圧を緩衝する役割を担っている。
【0016】
素地調整材には、カーボン繊維を加えることにより、補強効果を発揮させることができる。カーボン繊維としては、ポリアクリロニトリル(PAN)系または石油ピッチ系のものが好ましく、直径0.01〜0.02mm、繊維長1〜50mm程度のものを、骨材100重量部に対して0.05〜5.0重量部配合させることが望ましい。
【0017】
中塗り材としては、次述する上塗り材の種類に応じて、エポキシ樹脂系、ビニルエステル樹脂系またはメチルメタクリレート樹脂系のものを用いる。
【0018】
エポキシ樹脂系の中塗り材としては、ビスフェノールA型、ビスフェノールF型のようなビスフェノールエポキシ樹脂やウレタン、ポリサルファイド等で変性されたエポキシ樹脂が好ましい。また、メチルメタクリレート樹脂系の中塗り材としては、可撓性の変性メチルメタクリレート樹脂が好ましい。
【0019】
中塗り材中にはガラスクロスやカーボンクロス等の繊維補強材を混入することにより、水分の侵入防止と塗膜の強度向上が図られる。
例えば、上記中塗り材を0.5〜1.0kg/m2 となるように前記素地調整材の上に塗布した後、ガラスクロス、カーボンクロス、ビニロンクロス、アラミド繊維、無機繊維、金属繊維などの繊維材を貼着し、脱泡ローラーなどで気泡を抜きながら前記樹脂を含浸させ、最後に同じ中塗り材を0.5〜1.0kg/m2 とになるように塗布して、繊維材の目を隠す。
【0020】
なお、前記ガラスクロス等に代えて、ガラスチョップドストランド、ミルドファイバー、ウィスカーなどの短繊維を混入することによって中塗り材の補強を行うこともできる。
【0021】
本発明方法において上塗り材には、常温硬化型エポキシ樹脂系塗料、メチルメタクリレート樹脂系塗料またはビニルエステル樹脂系塗料を使用する。
常温硬化型エポキシ樹脂系塗料としては、二液型のものが好ましく、第一液に配合されるエポキシ樹脂は、常温硬化型エポキシ樹脂組成物として慣用されているものの中から任意に選択することができる。例えば、ビスフェノールA型およびビスフェノールF型のようなビスフェノール型エポキシ樹脂や、ウレタン、ポリサルファイド等で変性した変性エポキシ樹脂等が使用される。これらのエポキシ樹脂は単独で用いてもよいし、二種以上混合して用いてもよい。
【0022】
第一液には、必要に応じて、グリシジルエーテル、グリシジルエステル、グリシジルアミン、鎖状脂肪族エポキサイド、脂環式エポキサイド等の反応性希釈剤やベンジルアルコール、ノニルフェノール、ブチルジグリコール、ジオクチルフタレート、ジブチルフタレート等の非反応性希釈剤、少量のトルエン、キシレン、ケトン、アルコール等の溶剤、シリカ、タルク、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム等の体質顔料、各種着色顔料や水を配合することができる。第一液におけるこれらの最大配合量は、反応性希釈剤で40%、非反応性希釈剤で30%、体質顔料で60%、着色顔料で30%の範囲が好ましい。
【0023】
二次覆工は、一次覆工セグメントの膨張、収縮に対して追従することが要請され、従って、二次覆工を構成するエポキシ組成物は弾性(可撓性)を有することが好ましい。エポキシ樹脂組成物に弾性を付与する方法としては、ウレタンやポリサルファイド等で変性したエポキシ樹脂を用いる方法、ポリエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル、ポリプロピレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル等の二官能の長鎖の反応性希釈剤やジオクチルフタレート、ジブチルフタレート等の非反応性希釈剤を用いる方法、アミン価の小さいポリアミドアミン、ウレタン変性アミン、アルキルアミン、ヘキサメチレンジアミン変性物、メルカプタン系等の硬化剤を用いる方法を例示することができる。更に、必要に応じてアクリル樹脂やアクリル樹脂エマルジョン等の弾性付与成分を用いてもよい。
【0024】
第二液に配合される硬化剤成分は、従来常温硬化型エポキシ樹脂組成物の硬化剤として使用されているもの、例えば、メタキシレンジアミン、イソホロンジアミン、ポリエチレンポリアミン等の脂肪族ポリアミン、複素環式ポリアミン、ジアミノジフェニルメタン等の芳香族ポリアミン、また、これらをエポキシで変性したアミン類等の中から任意に選択することができる。これらの硬化剤は単独で用いてもよいし、二種以上混合して用いてもよい。また、必要に応じて、フェノール、ビスフェノールA、サリチル酸、トリス(ジメチルアミノメチル)フェノール等の硬化促進剤や、第一液に配合される非反応性希釈剤、少量の溶剤、体質顔料、着色顔料や水を配合してもよい。第二液におけるこれらの最大配合量は、硬化促進剤で10%、非反応性希釈剤で30%、体質顔料で60%、着色顔料で30%の範囲が好ましい。
【0025】
第一液に対する第二液の混合量は、第一液に配合されているエポキシ樹脂組成物を硬化するのに十分な量とし、第一液と第二液の比率は一般に、1:1〜5:1程度である。
第一液と第二液とは、電動撹拌機またはスタティックミキサー等の混合手段により混合した後、スプレー塗装する。
【0026】
上塗り材としてのメチルメタクリレート樹脂系塗料としては、可撓性の変性メチルメタクリレート樹脂が好ましい。
また、メチルメタクリレート樹脂系塗料またはビニルエステル樹脂系塗料を使用する場合には、接着性を高めるために、前記素地調整材と中塗り材との間に、湿潤面に対する接着性が良好なエポキシ樹脂系のプライマーおよび一液性の湿式ウレタン系プライマーを塗布しておくことが望ましい。
【0027】
上記下塗り材、素地調整材、中塗り材、および上塗り材は、刷毛、ローラー、エアレス塗装機、へら、こて等の塗工具により、所望の膜厚に塗布する。
このようにして形成された二次覆工塗膜は、一次覆工としてのコンクリートセグメントに対する接着強度が湿潤面でも15kgf/cm2 以上でコンクリート破断し、塗膜強度(ショアD硬度)が40以上、耐衝撃性が50kg−cm以上、耐磨耗性が80mg以下、透水性が0.01g以下、および、背面水圧試験にて異常なしとの性能が得られ、従来のコンクリートによる二次覆工以上の耐衝撃性、耐磨耗性、非透水性を示すものである。
【0028】
【実施例】
続いて、実施例により本発明を詳述する。
【0029】
〔二次覆工方法〕
実施例1
シールドトンネルにコンクリート系セグメントを用いた円形プレハブ構造の一次覆工を施工した後、この表面を水洗し、ウエス等で表面水分を拭いた後、表1に示す組成のプライマーの第一液と第二液を重量比1:1で混合し、ローラー刷毛で塗装後、直ちに表2に示す組成の素地調整材の第一液と第二液および骨材成分を重量比で4.3:0.7:8.0の割合で混合し、スプレーで1kg/m2 となるように塗装した。
【0030】
【表1】
下塗り材(水系プライマー)
【0031】
【表2】
素地調整材
【0032】
素地調整材の施工後、1日経過後、室温(20℃)で表3に示すパテ材の第一液と第二液を重量比1:1で混合し、0.5kg/m2 となるようにゴムベラで塗装し、気泡を抜きながら、ガラスクロス#230を貼付けた。次に、同じ塗料で0.8kg/m2 の目止めを行った。
【0033】
【表3】
パテ材(ビスフェノール型エポキシ樹脂)
成 分 組 成 比
第一液
ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂 40
ポリエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル 20
炭酸カルシウム 30
ルチル型酸化チタン 5
カーボンブラック 0.1
添加剤(無機系揺変剤) 4.9
第二液
メタキシレンジアミンエポキシ変性物 15
ポリアミドアミン 15
ベンジルアルコール 15
炭酸カルシウム 45
ルチル型酸化チタン 5
添加剤(無機系揺変剤) 5
【0034】
室温(20℃)で1日硬化した後、表4に示す上塗り塗料の第一液と第二液を重量比2:1で混合し、0.4kg/m2 となるように塗装し、タレや凹凸のない平滑で均一な塗膜を得た。図1は二次覆工塗膜の断面図であり、塗膜全体の厚みは約1.5mmであった。
【0035】
【表4】
上塗り塗料(ビスフェノール型エポキシ樹脂)
成 分 組 成 比
第一液
ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂 50
ポリエチレングリコールジグリシジルエーテル 25
沈降性硫酸バリウム 10
ルチル型酸化チタン 9.6
カーボン 0.1
添加剤(無機系揺変剤) 5
添加剤(消泡剤) 0.3
第二液
メタキシレンジアミンエポキシ変性物 50
ベンジルアルコール 10
タルク 35
ルチル型酸化チタン 3
添加剤(無機系揺変剤) 2
【0036】
実施例2
実施例1において、表2に示す素地調整材の代わりに、表5に示す組成のカーボン繊維入り素地調整材を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、厚さ約1.5mmで、平滑で均一な二次覆工塗膜を得た。
【0037】
【表5】
素地調整材(カーボン繊維入り)
【0038】
実施例3
実施例1において、表3に示すパテ材の代わりに表6に示す組成のパテ材の第一液と第二液を重量比1:1で混合して用いるとともに、上塗り塗料として表7に示すウレタン変性エポキシ塗料の第一液と第二液を重量比2:1で混合して塗装した以外は実施例1と同様にして、厚さ約1.5mmで、平滑で均一な二次覆工塗膜を得た。
【0039】
【表6】
パテ材(ウレタン変性エポキシ樹脂)
【0040】
【表7】
上塗り塗料(ウレタン変性エポキシ樹脂)
【0041】
実施例4
シールドトンネルにコンクリート系セグメントを用いた円形プレハブ構造の一次覆工を施工した後、この表面を水洗し、ウエス等で表面水分を拭いた後、実施例1で用いたプライマー(表1)の第一液と第二液を重量比1:1で混合し、ローラー刷毛で塗装後、直ちに実施例1で用いた素地調整材(表2)の第一液と第二液および骨材を重量比で4.3:0.7:8.0の割合で混合し、スプレーで1kg/m2 となるように塗装した。
【0042】
翌日、表8に示す組成の溶剤系プライマーの第一液と第二液を重量比1:1で混合し、0.15kg/m2 となるように素地調整材の上にローラー刷毛で塗布した。
さらに、その翌日、一液性の湿式ウレタンプライマーを0.15kg/m2 となるようにローラー刷毛で塗布した。
【0043】
【表8】
溶剤系プライマー
【0044】
湿式ウレタンプライマーが硬化した後、表9に示すパテ材の第一液と第二液を重量比100:2で混合し、0.4kg/m2 になるようにローラー刷毛で塗布した。次いで、この上に脱泡ローラーで気泡を抜きながら、ガラスクロスを貼り付けた後、同じパテ材を0.4kg/m2 になるように塗装して、目止めを行った。
【0045】
【表9】
パテ材(MMA樹脂)
【0046】
塗装した中塗り材が硬化した後、表10に示す上塗り塗料を0.2kg/m2 の割合で2回塗装し、タレや凹凸のない平滑で均一な塗膜を得た。塗膜全体の厚みは約1.5mmであった。
【0047】
【表10】
上塗り塗料(MMA樹脂)
【0048】
比較例1
JIS R 5201に準拠したモルタル板上に、厚さ40mmになるようにポルトランドセメント、豊浦標準砂および水を520:1040:338の割合で混合したセメントを塗り、室温(20℃)で28日間養生した。
【0049】
比較例2
実施例1と同様の一次覆工を施工した後、この表面を水洗し、ウエスで表面の水分を拭き取った後、表11に示すウレタン系塗料の第一液と第二液を重量比1:1で混合し、ローラー刷毛で塗工膜厚1.5mmになるように塗装して、平滑で均一な塗膜を得た。
【0050】
【表11】
ウレタン系塗料
【0051】
比較例3
実施例1と同様の一次覆工を施工した後、この表面を水洗し、ウエスで表面の水分を拭き取った後、実施例1で使用したのと同じプライマー(表1)の第一液と第二液を重量比1:1で混合し、ローラー刷毛で塗装した。翌日、その上に表12に示す組成の高強度エポキシ樹脂パテ材の第一液と第二液を重量比2:1で混合し、ヘラで2.0kg/m2 となるように塗装した。
【0052】
【表12】
パテ材(高強度エポキシ樹脂)
【0053】
翌日、前記パテ材の上に表13に示す組成の上塗り塗料の第一液と第二液を重量比4:1で混合し、0.5kg/m2 となるようにローラー刷毛で塗装した。その翌日、再度、同じ上塗り塗料を0.5kg/m2 となるように塗装し、最終的に膜厚1.5mmの平滑で均一な塗膜を得た。
【0054】
【表13】
上塗り塗料(高強度エポキシ樹脂)
【0055】
〔二次覆工塗膜の性能試験〕
▲1▼テスト(1)
上記実施例1〜4および比較例2、3で得られた塗膜が硬化した後(一週間)、湿潤面への接着性を建研式の引っ張り試験で実施した。試験結果を表14に示すが、同表における記号の意味は次の通りである。また、括弧内の数値は接着強度を示す。
○・・・コンクリート凝集破壊
×・・・塗膜面の界面剥離
【0056】
次に、以下の強度試験を実施するため、JIS R 5201に準拠したモルタル板上に上記実施例および比較例と同様の塗膜を形成し、一週間後にテストした。その結果を併せて表14に示す。
【0057】
▲2▼テスト(2)
JIS K 5400によりデュポン衝撃試験を行った。表14における記号の意味は次の通りである。
○・・・異常なし
×・・・亀裂の発生
【0058】
▲3▼テスト(3)
JIS K 7215により塗膜硬度(ショアD)を測定した。
【0059】
▲4▼テスト(4)
JIS K 5400によりテーパー磨耗試験を行った。
【0060】
▲5▼テスト(5)
JIS A 1404に準拠して透水性試験を行った。試験体には、150mmφ×40mmに成形したモルタル板上に各塗料を塗布して、20℃で28日間養生したものを用いた。表14中の値は3kg/cm2 ・1hrにおける透水量を示す。
【0061】
▲6▼テスト(6)
JIS A 1404に準拠して背面水圧試験を行った。10mmφの穴を有するフレキシブルボードを使用し、背面より1kg/cm2 の水圧をかけ、1日後の塗膜の変化を観察した。表14における記号の意味は次の通りである。
○・・・異常なし
×・・・塗膜の破壊
【0062】
【表14】
【0063】
▲7▼テスト(7)
(社)日本道路協会における、道路橋の塩害対策指針(案)同解説による、ひび割れ追従性試験により、試験を行い伸び率を測定した。
測定はフリーフィルムにより、中塗り材と上塗り材で測定した。測定結果を表15に示す。
【0064】
【表15】
【0065】
【発明の効果】
本発明に係るトンネルの二次覆工方法によれば、水分等の影響を受けることなく、シールドトンネル等に二次覆工を形成することができる。
また、この二次覆工はコンクリート背面からの水圧に耐え、フクレの発生もないので、防蝕性、防水性、補強性、平滑性、施工性に優れている。
更に、形成された二次覆工塗膜は1〜10mmという薄い膜厚でも、従来のコンクリートと同等あるいはそれ以上の強度性能を有している。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る二次覆工塗膜の断面図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a secondary lining method such as a shield tunnel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the construction of shield tunnels, the primary lining was done with a prefabricated structure using segments, and concrete was laid as a secondary lining as a finish that also served as reinforcement, corrosion prevention, meandering correction, waterproofing, etc. It is carried out.
In secondary lining with concrete, it has been pointed out that a tunnel larger than necessary must be excavated, the amount of earth and sand discharged and the amount of concrete used increase, and it takes a long time to dry. .
[0003]
On the other hand, attempts have been made to solve the above-described problems. For example, secondary lining materials using polyurethane and other synthetic resin materials instead of concrete have been proposed.
According to the secondary lining material, the above-mentioned problems caused by the concrete secondary lining material are improved, but in the polyurethane-based secondary lining material, the reactivity with water is large because the isocyanate component is used, When used on a wet surface, the resin component does not sufficiently cure.
[0004]
Conventionally, epoxy resin-based coatings are applied to concrete structures, but there are segment variations on the primary lining of prefabricated structures using concrete segments. There is a difficulty in followability. In addition, with respect to the water pressure from the back of the concrete, swelling or the like is generated only with the organic coating film, causing a defect in the coating film.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a secondary lining method for a tunnel that can be constructed even in a wet state and is excellent in corrosion resistance, waterproofness, reinforcement, smoothness, and workability. Is.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The secondary lining method of the tunnel according to the present invention is the same kind as the top coating material described below, in which the primary lining surface of the tunnel is mixed with an epoxy resin-based primer, a polymer cement-based substrate conditioning material, and a fiber reinforcing material. After sequentially applying the intermediate coating material, an epoxy resin-based, vinyl ester resin-based, or methyl methacrylate resin-based top coating material is applied.
[0007]
The resin component of the epoxy resin-based topcoat material is preferably a urethane-modified epoxy resin or a polysulfide-modified epoxy resin.
[0008]
When a methyl methacrylate resin-based paint or a vinyl ester resin-based paint is used as the top coat material, it is preferable to apply an epoxy resin-based primer and a urethane-based primer between the base material and the intermediate coating material.
[0009]
It is preferable that the base material includes an epoxy resin as an admixture.
Moreover, it is preferable to mix | blend carbon fiber with the said base material adjustment material.
The fiber reinforcing material is preferably a glass cloth or a carbon cloth.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described.
[0011]
The tunnel secondary lining method according to the present invention is applied after the surface of the primary lining applied to a shield tunnel or the like is subjected to normal pretreatment such as sanding or sandblasting. There is no particular limitation on the primary lining, and a segment prefabricated structure may be used.
[0012]
First, an epoxy resin-based primer (primer) having high adhesion to the wet surface is applied to the primary lining surface.
The primer may be either a one-pack type epoxy paint or a two-part type epoxy paint, such as water or toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, acetone, ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, methyl glycol acetate, ethyl glycol acetate, etc. You may dilute and use with an organic solvent.
[0013]
As the one-pack type epoxy paint, for example, an epoxy paint blended with ketimine is used. In addition, as an example of a two-pack type epoxy paint, a bisphenol type epoxy resin generally used as a room temperature curable bisphenol type epoxy resin is used as the first liquid, and a meta-xylenediamine commonly used as a room temperature curable type epoxy resin curing agent as the second liquid. In addition, aliphatic polyamines such as isophorone diamine and polyethylene polyamine, heterocyclic polyamines, diaminodiphenylmethane and the like are used.
In addition to the above components, additives such as extender pigments, color pigments, and modifiers commonly used in ordinary epoxy paints can be blended with the primer epoxy paint.
[0014]
The polymer cement base material is composed of aggregate, cement, polymer component, and water, and the polymer admixture is preferably an epoxy polymer cement type in terms of high tensile strength and high water tightness. As the epoxy resin component, an emulsion type or self-emulsifying type epoxy resin or acrylic resin and a mixture thereof can be used.
[0015]
The curing agent component for the resin component is preferably a polyamide-based one. Moreover, there is no special restriction | limiting in an aggregate and cement, and aggregates and portland cement, such as silica sand normally used, can be used.
The base material adjusts the primary lining surface smoothly and plays a role of buffering the water pressure from the back surface.
[0016]
A reinforcing effect can be exerted by adding carbon fiber to the base material. The carbon fiber is preferably a polyacrylonitrile (PAN) or petroleum pitch-based carbon fiber having a diameter of about 0.01 to 0.02 mm and a fiber length of about 1 to 50 mm with respect to 100 parts by weight of the aggregate. It is desirable to add ~ 5.0 parts by weight.
[0017]
As the intermediate coating material, an epoxy resin-based, vinyl ester resin-based, or methyl methacrylate resin-based material is used according to the type of the top coating material described below.
[0018]
As the epoxy resin-based intermediate coating material, bisphenol epoxy resins such as bisphenol A type and bisphenol F type, and epoxy resins modified with urethane, polysulfide or the like are preferable. Moreover, as a methyl methacrylate resin-based intermediate coating material, a flexible modified methyl methacrylate resin is preferable.
[0019]
By mixing a fiber reinforcing material such as glass cloth or carbon cloth into the intermediate coating material, it is possible to prevent moisture from entering and improve the strength of the coating film.
For example, after applying the intermediate coating material on the base material to 0.5 to 1.0 kg / m 2 , glass cloth, carbon cloth, vinylon cloth, aramid fiber, inorganic fiber, metal fiber, etc. The fiber material is adhered, the resin is impregnated while removing bubbles with a defoaming roller or the like, and finally the same intermediate coating material is applied so as to be 0.5 to 1.0 kg / m 2. Hide the eyes of the material.
[0020]
The intermediate coating material can be reinforced by mixing short fibers such as glass chopped strands, milled fibers, and whiskers instead of the glass cloth.
[0021]
In the method of the present invention, a room temperature curing type epoxy resin paint, a methyl methacrylate resin paint or a vinyl ester resin paint is used as the top coat material.
The room temperature curable epoxy resin-based paint is preferably a two-pack type, and the epoxy resin blended in the first liquid can be arbitrarily selected from those commonly used as a room temperature curable epoxy resin composition. it can. For example, bisphenol type epoxy resins such as bisphenol A type and bisphenol F type, modified epoxy resins modified with urethane, polysulfide, or the like are used. These epoxy resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0022]
In the first liquid, reactive diluents such as glycidyl ether, glycidyl ester, glycidyl amine, chain aliphatic epoxide, alicyclic epoxide, benzyl alcohol, nonylphenol, butyl diglycol, dioctyl phthalate, dibutyl are used as necessary. A non-reactive diluent such as phthalate, a small amount of a solvent such as toluene, xylene, ketone and alcohol, an extender pigment such as silica, talc, calcium carbonate and barium sulfate, various colored pigments and water can be blended. The maximum blending amount of the first liquid is preferably in the range of 40% for the reactive diluent, 30% for the non-reactive diluent, 60% for the extender pigment, and 30% for the color pigment.
[0023]
The secondary lining is required to follow the expansion and contraction of the primary lining segment, and therefore the epoxy composition constituting the secondary lining preferably has elasticity (flexibility). As a method for imparting elasticity to the epoxy resin composition, a method using an epoxy resin modified with urethane or polysulfide, a bifunctional long-chain reactive diluent such as polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, Examples include a method using a non-reactive diluent such as dioctyl phthalate and dibutyl phthalate, a method using a curing agent such as a polyamide amine having a low amine value, a urethane-modified amine, an alkylamine, a hexamethylenediamine-modified product, or a mercaptan-based one. it can. Furthermore, you may use elasticity imparting components, such as an acrylic resin and an acrylic resin emulsion, as needed.
[0024]
Curing agent components blended in the second liquid are those conventionally used as curing agents for room temperature curable epoxy resin compositions, for example, aliphatic polyamines such as metaxylenediamine, isophoronediamine, and polyethylenepolyamine, heterocyclic Aromatic polyamines such as polyamine and diaminodiphenylmethane, and amines modified with epoxy can be arbitrarily selected. These curing agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more. If necessary, curing accelerators such as phenol, bisphenol A, salicylic acid, tris (dimethylaminomethyl) phenol, non-reactive diluent blended in the first liquid, a small amount of solvent, extender pigment, colored pigment Or water may be added. The maximum blending amount of the second liquid is preferably 10% for the curing accelerator, 30% for the non-reactive diluent, 60% for the extender pigment, and 30% for the color pigment.
[0025]
The mixing amount of the second liquid with respect to the first liquid is set to an amount sufficient to cure the epoxy resin composition blended in the first liquid, and the ratio of the first liquid to the second liquid is generally 1: 1 to 1. It is about 5: 1.
The first liquid and the second liquid are mixed by a mixing means such as an electric stirrer or a static mixer and then spray-coated.
[0026]
As the methyl methacrylate resin-based paint as the top coat material, a flexible modified methyl methacrylate resin is preferable.
In addition, when using a methyl methacrylate resin-based paint or a vinyl ester resin-based paint, an epoxy resin having good adhesion to a wet surface between the base material and the intermediate coating material in order to enhance the adhesion. It is desirable to apply a system primer and a one-component wet urethane primer.
[0027]
The undercoat material, substrate preparation material, intermediate coating material, and topcoat material are applied to a desired film thickness by a coating tool such as a brush, a roller, an airless coating machine, a spatula, or a trowel.
The secondary lining coating film thus formed breaks the concrete when the adhesive strength to the concrete segment as the primary lining is 15 kgf / cm 2 or more even on a wet surface, and the coating strength (Shore D hardness) is 40 or more. , Impact resistance is 50 kg-cm or more, abrasion resistance is 80 mg or less, water permeability is 0.01 g or less, and no abnormalities are obtained in the back water pressure test. Secondary lining with conventional concrete The above-mentioned impact resistance, wear resistance, and water impermeability are exhibited.
[0028]
【Example】
Subsequently, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
[0029]
[Secondary lining method]
Example 1
After constructing a primary lining of a circular prefabricated structure using concrete segments in the shield tunnel, this surface was washed with water and wiped with a waste cloth or the like. The two liquids were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1 and immediately after coating with a roller brush, the first liquid, the second liquid, and the aggregate component of the base material having the composition shown in Table 2 were mixed at a weight ratio of 4.3: 0. The mixture was mixed at a ratio of 7: 8.0, and was applied by spraying to 1 kg / m 2 .
[0030]
[Table 1]
Undercoat material (water-based primer)
[0031]
[Table 2]
Base material
[0032]
1 day after construction of the substrate preparation material, the first and second liquids of putty materials shown in Table 3 are mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1 at room temperature (20 ° C.) so as to be 0.5 kg / m 2. The glass cloth # 230 was pasted while removing air bubbles with a rubber spatula. Next, sealing was performed at 0.8 kg / m 2 with the same paint.
[0033]
[Table 3]
Putty material ( bisphenol type epoxy resin )
Component composition ratio
First liquid bisphenol A type epoxy resin 40
Polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether 20
Calcium carbonate 30
Rutile type titanium oxide 5
Carbon black 0.1
Additive (inorganic thixotropic agent) 4.9
Second liquid meta-xylenediamine epoxy modified product 15
Polyamidoamine 15
Benzyl alcohol 15
Calcium carbonate 45
Rutile type titanium oxide 5
Additive (inorganic thixotropic agent) 5
[0034]
After curing for one day at room temperature (20 ° C.), the first and second liquids of the top coat shown in Table 4 were mixed at a weight ratio of 2: 1 and applied to a weight of 0.4 kg / m 2. A smooth and uniform coating film with no unevenness was obtained. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the secondary lining coating film, and the thickness of the entire coating film was about 1.5 mm.
[0035]
[Table 4]
Top coating ( bisphenol type epoxy resin )
Component composition ratio
First liquid bisphenol A type epoxy resin 50
Polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether 25
Precipitated barium sulfate 10
Rutile-type titanium oxide 9.6
Carbon 0.1
Additive (inorganic thixotropic agent) 5
Additive (antifoaming agent) 0.3
Second liquid meta-xylenediamine epoxy modified product 50
Benzyl alcohol 10
Talc 35
Rutile type titanium oxide 3
Additive (inorganic thixotropic agent) 2
[0036]
Example 2
In Example 1, in place of the substrate conditioner shown in Table 2, a carbon fiber-containing substrate conditioner having the composition shown in Table 5 was used, and the thickness was about 1.5 mm and smooth. A uniform secondary lining coating film was obtained.
[0037]
[Table 5]
Base material (with carbon fiber)
[0038]
Example 3
In Example 1, instead of the putty material shown in Table 3, the first liquid and the second liquid of the putty material having the composition shown in Table 6 are mixed and used at a weight ratio of 1: 1, and are shown in Table 7 as the top coat paint. A smooth and uniform secondary lining with a thickness of about 1.5 mm in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the first and second liquids of urethane-modified epoxy paint were mixed and applied at a weight ratio of 2: 1. A coating film was obtained.
[0039]
[Table 6]
Putty material (urethane-modified epoxy resin)
[0040]
[Table 7]
Top coating (urethane-modified epoxy resin)
[0041]
Example 4
After constructing the primary lining of a circular prefabricated structure using concrete segments in the shield tunnel, this surface was washed with water and wiped with a cloth or the like, and then the primer (Table 1) used in Example 1 was used. The first liquid and the second liquid were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1, and after coating with a roller brush, the first liquid, the second liquid, and the aggregate of the base material used in Example 1 (Table 2) were immediately weight ratio. Was mixed at a ratio of 4.3: 0.7: 8.0, and was applied by spraying to 1 kg / m 2 .
[0042]
On the next day, the first and second liquids of the solvent-based primer having the composition shown in Table 8 were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1, and applied onto the base material with a roller brush so as to be 0.15 kg / m 2 . .
Further, the next day, a one-component wet urethane primer was applied with a roller brush so as to be 0.15 kg / m 2 .
[0043]
[Table 8]
Solvent-based primer
[0044]
After the wet urethane primer was cured, the first liquid and the second liquid of putty materials shown in Table 9 were mixed at a weight ratio of 100: 2, and applied with a roller brush so as to be 0.4 kg / m 2 . Next, a glass cloth was pasted while removing bubbles with a defoaming roller, and then the same putty material was applied to 0.4 kg / m 2 to make a seal.
[0045]
[Table 9]
Putty material (MMA resin)
[0046]
After the applied intermediate coating material was cured, the top coating material shown in Table 10 was applied twice at a rate of 0.2 kg / m 2 to obtain a smooth and uniform coating film without sagging or unevenness. The total thickness of the coating film was about 1.5 mm.
[0047]
[Table 10]
Top coating (MMA resin)
[0048]
Comparative Example 1
A mortar board conforming to JIS R 5201 is coated with a cement mixed with Portland cement, Toyoura standard sand and water in a ratio of 520: 1040: 338 to a thickness of 40 mm, and cured at room temperature (20 ° C.) for 28 days. did.
[0049]
Comparative Example 2
After constructing the same primary lining as in Example 1, this surface was washed with water and wiped with a waste cloth. Then, the weight ratio of the first and second liquids of urethane-based paint shown in Table 11 was 1: 1 and coated with a roller brush to a coating film thickness of 1.5 mm to obtain a smooth and uniform coating film.
[0050]
[Table 11]
Urethane paint
[0051]
Comparative Example 3
After applying the same primary lining as in Example 1, this surface was washed with water, and the surface moisture was wiped off with a waste cloth. Then, the first primer and the same primer (Table 1) used in Example 1 were used. The two liquids were mixed at a weight ratio of 1: 1 and painted with a roller brush. On the next day, a first liquid and a second liquid of a high-strength epoxy resin putty material having the composition shown in Table 12 were mixed at a weight ratio of 2: 1 and coated with a spatula to 2.0 kg / m 2 .
[0052]
[Table 12]
Putty material (high strength epoxy resin)
[0053]
On the next day, the first liquid and the second liquid of the top coating composition having the composition shown in Table 13 were mixed on the putty material at a weight ratio of 4: 1 and coated with a roller brush so as to be 0.5 kg / m 2 . The next day, the same top coating was applied again to 0.5 kg / m 2, and finally a smooth and uniform coating film having a thickness of 1.5 mm was obtained.
[0054]
[Table 13]
Top coating (high-strength epoxy resin)
[0055]
[Performance test of secondary lining coating film]
(1) Test (1)
After the coating films obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 2 and 3 were cured (one week), adhesion to the wet surface was carried out by a Kenken-type tensile test. The test results are shown in Table 14, and the meanings of the symbols in the table are as follows. Moreover, the numerical value in a parenthesis shows adhesive strength.
○ ・ ・ ・ Concrete cohesive failure × ・ ・ ・ Interfacial delamination on coating surface [0056]
Next, in order to carry out the following strength test, a coating film similar to that of the above Examples and Comparative Examples was formed on a mortar board in accordance with JIS R 5201 and tested after one week. The results are also shown in Table 14.
[0057]
(2) Test (2)
A DuPont impact test was conducted according to JIS K 5400. The meanings of symbols in Table 14 are as follows.
○ ・ ・ ・ No abnormality × ・ ・ ・ Crack generation [0058]
(3) Test (3)
The coating film hardness (Shore D) was measured according to JIS K 7215.
[0059]
(4) Test (4)
A taper abrasion test was conducted according to JIS K 5400.
[0060]
(5) Test (5)
A water permeability test was performed in accordance with JIS A 1404. As the test body, a coating material applied on a mortar plate molded to 150 mmφ × 40 mm and cured at 20 ° C. for 28 days was used. The values in Table 14 indicate the water permeability at 3 kg / cm 2 · 1 hr.
[0061]
(6) Test (6)
A back water pressure test was conducted in accordance with JIS A 1404. A flexible board having a 10 mmφ hole was used, and a water pressure of 1 kg / cm 2 was applied from the back surface, and the change of the coating film after 1 day was observed. The meanings of symbols in Table 14 are as follows.
○… No abnormality ×… Damage of coating film [0062]
[Table 14]
[0063]
(7) Test (7)
A test was conducted by the crack followability test according to the guidelines for salt damage countermeasures for road bridges (draft) by the Japan Road Association, and the elongation was measured.
The measurement was performed with a free film and with an intermediate coating material and a top coating material. Table 15 shows the measurement results.
[0064]
[Table 15]
[0065]
【The invention's effect】
According to the secondary lining method for a tunnel according to the present invention, a secondary lining can be formed on a shield tunnel or the like without being affected by moisture or the like.
In addition, this secondary lining resists water pressure from the back of the concrete and does not generate blisters, so it is excellent in corrosion resistance, waterproofness, reinforcement, smoothness, and workability.
Furthermore, even if the formed secondary lining coating film has a thin film thickness of 1 to 10 mm, it has strength performance equal to or higher than that of conventional concrete.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a secondary lining coating film according to the present invention.
Claims (6)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29950597A JP4009687B2 (en) | 1997-10-16 | 1997-10-16 | Secondary lining method for tunnel |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29950597A JP4009687B2 (en) | 1997-10-16 | 1997-10-16 | Secondary lining method for tunnel |
Related Parent Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2600097A Division JPH10204373A (en) | 1997-01-24 | 1997-01-24 | Coating liquid for secondary lining |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH10202180A JPH10202180A (en) | 1998-08-04 |
| JP4009687B2 true JP4009687B2 (en) | 2007-11-21 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29950597A Expired - Fee Related JP4009687B2 (en) | 1997-10-16 | 1997-10-16 | Secondary lining method for tunnel |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP4009687B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003213610A (en) * | 2002-01-25 | 2003-07-30 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | Construction method of photocatalyst-supporting cement composition |
| JP2006169332A (en) * | 2004-12-15 | 2006-06-29 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | Colored top coating composition and colored top coating film |
| JP2007051465A (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-03-01 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd | Construction method of concrete structure body |
| JP2007051464A (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-03-01 | Kumagai Gumi Co Ltd | Concrete structure and method for constructing concrete structure |
| KR100768906B1 (en) | 2006-01-23 | 2007-10-26 | 주식회사 구마건설 | Modified epoxy resin composition for conduit repair and reinforcement |
| CN103912285B (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2016-04-20 | 神华集团有限责任公司 | A kind of method for blocking of coal mine roadway |
| JP6496646B2 (en) * | 2015-09-28 | 2019-04-03 | アイカ工業株式会社 | Tunnel lining concrete stripping prevention structure and this stripping prevention construction method |
| JP6674762B2 (en) * | 2015-10-29 | 2020-04-01 | 株式会社愛知レジン | Construction method and structures painted by this method |
| JP6881891B2 (en) * | 2015-12-25 | 2021-06-02 | 積水フーラー株式会社 | Repair method |
| JP7744768B2 (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2025-09-26 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | Segment piece, manufacturing method for segment piece, and segment wall |
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1997
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| JPH10202180A (en) | 1998-08-04 |
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