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JP4014415B2 - Manufacturing method of high hardness fine diamond sintered body - Google Patents
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JP4014415B2 - Manufacturing method of high hardness fine diamond sintered body - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of high hardness fine diamond sintered body Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4014415B2
JP4014415B2 JP2002030863A JP2002030863A JP4014415B2 JP 4014415 B2 JP4014415 B2 JP 4014415B2 JP 2002030863 A JP2002030863 A JP 2002030863A JP 2002030863 A JP2002030863 A JP 2002030863A JP 4014415 B2 JP4014415 B2 JP 4014415B2
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diamond
sintered body
diamond powder
powder
aqueous solution
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JP2003226578A (en
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實 赤石
安良 細川
啓吾 川村
信夫 山岡
裕久 山田
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute for Materials Science
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute for Materials Science
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、優れた耐摩耗性と耐熱性を有し、例えば、高Si-Al合金等の難削材料の仕上げ切削工具、金属・合金の超精密加工金型及び線引きダイス等に適用した場合、優れた切削性能や伸線性能等を発揮するダイヤモンド焼結体の製造法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、Co等の金属を焼結助剤とするダイヤモンド焼結体や微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体が通常の超高圧合成装置で製造されることや微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体が超高圧合成装置で製造されることは最近の研究から良く知られている(第41回高圧討論会講演要旨集108ページ、2000年及びProceedings of the 8th NIRIM International Synposiumon Advanced Materials,33-34ページ、2001年)。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、上記金属系焼結助剤を用いた微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体は、ダイヤモンドの異常粒成長を抑制して微細粒子からなる焼結体を製造するためには、焼結温度を低く制限する必要があるため(J.Am.Ceram.Soc.,74巻、5-10ページ、1990年)、焼結体の硬度がダイヤモンド本来の特性には程遠い。また、金属を大量に含有するため、高温条件下では、金属とダイヤモンドの熱膨張率が異なることに起因する熱応力により焼結体が劣化するため、難削材料の切削工具への応用に問題がある。
【0004】
金属焼結助剤を全く使用しないで、アルカリ土類金属の炭酸塩を焼結助剤に用いて、従来よりも高い圧力、温度条件下で焼結することにより、耐熱性に優れた高硬度ダイヤモンド焼結体を得る合成法が知られている(Diamond and Related Mater.,5巻、34-37ページ、1996年)。しかしながら、これらの焼結体は、その粒子径が約5μmと比較的大きな粒子径に限定されている。
【0005】
微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体を合成するためには、溶融炭酸塩の粘性を低くし、溶融炭酸塩が容易にダイヤモンド層へ溶浸し、ダイヤモンド粒子間に溶浸した溶融炭酸塩がダイヤモンドの焼結助剤として機能するようにしなければならない。そのため、炭酸塩に水や炭酸ガス等の揮発性成分(C-O-H流体相)を添加することにより、容易に炭酸塩の融点を低くできることは良く知られている。
【0006】
本発明者らは、これらの揮発性成分を高圧、高温条件に密閉するためのカプセルを開発し、微粒ダイヤモンド多結晶体の合成法を開発した。これは、CO-HO流体相の源となるシュウ酸二水和物を炭酸塩に添加した混合粉末を作製し、この混合粉末上に粒径幅が0〜1μmの天然ダイヤモンド粉末を積層し、微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体を製造するのであるが、その製造条件が2200℃と高温の条件を必要とする(第41回高圧討論会講演要旨集108ページ、2000年)。なお、微粉末ダイヤモンドについては規格化された測定方法に基づく粒度規格は存在しないが、粒子径の分布範囲を0〜0.05μm,0〜0.1μm,0〜0.2μm,0〜0.25μm,0〜0.5μm,0〜1μmのように、粒径幅(粒度幅)で区分して標準粒度規格(中心粒径は粒径幅 の中間値)としたものに基づいて市販されており、本明細書において、天然ダイヤモンド粉末の粒子径の数値範囲は粒径幅を意味している。
【0007】
同様な方法で、さらに微細なダイヤモンド粉末、例えば、粒子径が0〜0.1μmのダイヤモンド粉末を焼結した例を本発明者らは報告した(第42回高圧討論会講演要旨集89ページ、2001年)。その結果、ダイヤモンドの異常粒成長が起こり、高硬度ダイヤモンド焼結体を製造することが出来なかった。7.7GPa、1800℃、30分の条件で処理した焼結体のX線回折図形の測定結果から、焼結体中に炭酸塩を確認することができた。このことから、C-O-H流体相を添加した炭酸塩は、超微粒ダイヤモンド粉末中に容易に溶浸することは明らかである。しかし、炭酸塩が溶浸しているにも拘わらず、ダイヤモンド粒子同士の焼結反応が進行しない。
【0008】
そこで、本発明は、耐熱性に優れた高硬度超微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体を従来技術よりも遥かに低い焼結温度条件で製造する方法の開発を目的とする。
【0009】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、ダイヤモンド粉末に形成される二次粒子の形成を抑制するダイヤモンド粉末調製法を開発した。本発明の方法によれば、ポアサイズの均質なダイヤモンド粉末成形体が得られ、同成形体へ焼結助剤の溶融炭酸塩が均質に溶浸し、焼結助剤によるダイヤモンド粒子の焼結反応が一様に進行するため、従来困難とされた超微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体の合成が可能になり、また、高温条件でのみ可能であった微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体を従来技術よりも遥かに低い焼結温度で合成することが可能となる。
【0010】
すなわち、本発明は、粒子径が0〜1μmである天然ダイヤモンド粉末を脱珪酸塩処理する最終工程において該ダイヤモンド粉末を分散したpH3〜5の水溶液を容器に入れ振盪処理し、該容器中において該ダイヤモンド粉末を分散した溶液を液体窒素を用いて凍結し、そのまま凍結乾燥して得られる該ダイヤモンド粉末をシュウ酸二水和物を混合した炭酸塩焼結助剤を用いて超高圧合成装置により1700℃以上の温度で焼結することを特徴とする高硬度微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体の製造法である。
【0011】
また、本発明は、粒子径が0〜0.1μmである天然ダイヤモンド粉末を7.7GPa、1700℃で焼結することを特徴とする上記の高硬度微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体の製造法である。
【0012】
また、本発明は、凍結乾燥して得られる該ダイヤモンド粉末を炭酸マグネシウム1モルに対し0.3モル未満のシュウ酸二水和物を混合した混合粉末からなる炭酸塩焼結助剤上に積層して焼結することを特徴とする上記の高硬度微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体の製造法である。
【0013】
従来の市販の天然ダイヤモンド粉末を用いた代表的なダイヤモンド焼結体の製造方法は下記のような工程を採用している。
1.市販ダイヤモンド粉末の用意
2.Zrルツボを用いて溶融NaOH処理
3.Zrルツボから塊状物を回収
4.塊状物の固体NaOHを蒸留水に溶解し、ダイヤモンド粉末分散アルカリ水溶液を形成
5.アルカリ水溶液に塩酸添加し加熱処理
6.上澄み液廃棄
7.回収した水溶液に王水添加、沸騰加熱処理、冷却
8.上澄み液廃棄
9.回収した水溶液に蒸留水添加、加熱処理、冷却
10.上澄み液廃棄
11.9と10の繰り返し
12.ダイヤモンド粉末分散弱酸性水溶液の回収
13.減圧濾過によりペースト状のダイヤモンド粉末を回収
14.加熱して塊状の粉末を回収
【0014】
市販の天然ダイヤモンド粉末はしばしば珪酸塩を相当量含有しているため、珪酸塩を除去するために、Zrルツボを用い、溶融NaOH中で2時間程度処理する。処理後の溶融NaOH表面には、珪酸塩不純物と考えられる白色から褐色の不純物が認めらる。Zrルツボを冷却後、ルツボからダイヤモンド粉末と固体のNaOHからなる塊状物を取り出し、NaOHを蒸留水に溶解することによって、ダイヤモンド粉末をアルカリ水溶液中に回収する。
【0015】
塩酸を用いて水溶液を酸性にし加熱処理する。冷却後ダイヤモンド粉末の沈降を確認して上澄み液を廃棄する。ビーカー中に回収した水溶液中のダイヤモンド粉末に十分な王水を加え、沸騰加熱処理を行う。この処理により、Zrルツボから混入したZrを溶解除去する。冷却後、上澄み液を廃棄し、回収した水溶液に十分な蒸留水を加え加熱処理を行う。再び冷却後、上澄み液を除去する。この操作を繰り返し行い、pH約3〜5の弱酸性水溶液中にダイヤモンド粉末を分散した状態で回収する。
【0016】
次いで、ダイヤモンド粉末を弱酸性水溶液とともに、0.22μmのポアサイズのミクロポアフィルターを用い、減圧ろ過する。水分を含むペースト状のダイヤモンド粉末をフィルター上に回収する。同ダイヤモンド粉末をアルミナルツボを用いて、500℃で加熱して水分を除去する。加熱処理後、部分的に割れの認められる塊状の粉末が回収される。同粉末を数mm以下にアルミナルツボ中で砕き、出発物質にする。
【0017】
上記ダイヤモンド粉末の従来の処理法を検討すると、減圧ろ過するまでの過程は、ダイヤモンド粉末は常に溶液中に分散した状態で存在する。ろ過及び加熱過程でダイヤモンド粉末の凝集が起こり、微粒ダイヤモンドの塊、即ち、二次粒子が形成される。この形成された二次粒子は、室温加圧過程によっては、所定の圧力に到達後も完全に一次粒子とはならないと推定される。
【0018】
従来技術のろ過・加熱乾燥法で作製した微粒ダイヤモンド粉末は、7.7GPaに加圧しても、形成された二次粒子を一次粒子に破砕することが出来ない。形成された二次粒子が大量に存在するため、ダイヤモンド粒子間に形成されたポアサイズが均質でない。その結果、2000℃を越える焼結温度でも、焼結助剤の溶融C-O-H流体相を添加した炭酸塩が、ダイヤモンド粒子間に均質に溶浸しない。
【0019】
即ち、ダイヤモンド粒子間を埋める溶融炭酸塩のサイズが一様でないため、ダイヤモンド粒子の焼結反応が均質に進行せず、低温条件下でダイヤモンド焼結体を合成することが出来なかった。とりわけ、粒子径が0〜0.1μmと粒子が微細化すると二次粒子の形成が顕著となるため、2000℃を越える焼結温度でも全く高硬度ダイヤモンド焼結体を合成することは出来なかった。
【0020】
一方、本発明の方法は、二次粒子形成過程、即ち、ろ過及び加熱過程を全く新しいプロセスに転換することにより、二次粒子の形成を抑制することが可能となった。すなわち、容器中の水溶液に微細なダイヤモンド粉末を分散させたまま、ダイヤモンド粒子表面が水溶液で覆われている状態で、凍結し、そのまま凍結乾燥することにより、二次粒子の形成が抑制されたダイヤモンド粉末の調製が可能となった。
【0021】
本発明の方法において、市販ダイヤモンド粉末の脱珪酸塩処理の最終工程で熱王水処理を行い、この処理後、上澄み液を廃棄し、蒸留水で希釈する操作を行うので、最終工程のダイヤモンド粉末を分散している処理溶液はpH約3〜5の弱酸性となっている。
【0022】
ダイヤモンドを分散した弱酸性水溶液をプラスチック製容器中で好ましくは、約20〜30分間、振盪器を用いて十分に振盪処理をし、次に液体窒素中で該容器を撹拌しながら、短時間でダイヤモンド粉末を分散した水溶液を凍結する。振盪器から移して液体窒素に浸すまでの時間はできるだけ短く、好ましくは30秒以内とする。その結果、プラスチック製容器の底へのダイヤモンド粉末の沈降は抑制され、二次粒子の形成も抑制される。容器としてガラス容器を使用するとガラスが不純物成分として混入する可能性があるが、プラスチック容器を使用する場合は、容器の成分が微量混入しても、その成分はC,H,Oからなり、C,H,Oからなるシュウ酸二水和物の成分と同じであるから問題はない。また、液体窒素は安価であること、及び溶液を容易に凍結可能であるので冷凍処理に用いるのに適している。
【0023】
凍結乾燥は、凍結したダイヤモンド粉末の入った容器の蓋を緩めて、真空中に配置し、凍結物を真空状態にすると、凍結した弱酸性の氷が昇華する。昇華熱により凍結物の入った容器は冷却され、凍結した状態を保つことができる。気化した水分は、真空ポンプの排気系の途中に−100℃以下の冷凍器を配置して、トラップする。この場合、15grのダイヤモンド粉末/100mlの溶液系では、凍結乾燥に約4日間を要する。凍結・乾燥した状態でダイヤモンド粉末はバラバラの粉末状となり、従来法のろ過・加熱乾燥法のそれらと全く異なり、流動性に富んださらさらとした粉末が得られる。
【0024】
上記の方法で得られたダイヤモンド粉末を出発物質として、図1に示すように、TaまたはMo製カプセル2に充填して高圧を加えて焼結する。ダイヤモンド粉末3の層の間にシュウ酸二水和物添加した炭酸マグネシウム4をはさみ、これを厚み25μmのTaまたはMo箔5を2〜3枚介して数層重ね、上下に黒鉛製円盤1を配置する。これを圧力媒体に充填し、ベルト型超高圧合成装置を用いて、室温条件下で7.7GPaまで加圧し、同圧力条件下で所定の温度まで加熱して、高圧高温条件下で焼結を行う。
【0025】
従来法では、TaまたはMoの蓋付カプセルを用いたが、上下にTaまたはMo製の底や蓋を使用しないと、ダイヤモンド粉末3の変形を抑制することが可能になる。その結果、ダイヤモンド焼結体の歩留まりが格段と向上する。上下面の黒鉛製円盤、TaまたはMo箔及び側面のTaまたはMo製カプセルはシュウ酸二水和物から生成したCOやHOの流体相を密閉する。
【0026】
本発明による凍結・乾燥法でダイヤモンド粉末を調製すると、従来技術では高硬度ダイヤモンド焼結体の合成が困難であった粒子径が0〜0.1μmのダイヤモンド粉末でも容易に、例えばヴィッカース硬さ60GPa以上の高硬度ダイヤモンド焼結体が合成可能となる。さらには、従来技術で2100℃以上の焼結温度を必要としたサブミクロンのダイヤモンド焼結体も、その焼結温度を1700℃と圧倒的に低くすることが可能となる。
【0027】
【実施例】
次に、この発明の高硬度微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体の製造法を実施例により具体的に説明する。
実施例1
天然ダイヤモンド粉末をZrルツボを用いて溶融NaOH中で処理し珪酸塩を除去した。この脱珪酸塩処理に際し、粒子径が0〜0.1μmの市販の天然ダイヤモンド粉末15grに約60grの顆粒状のNaOHを加え、100mlのZrルツボを用いた。溶融NaOH中で2時間脱珪酸塩処理を行い、冷却後ルツボから塊状物を取り出し、塊状物中のNaOHを蒸留水で溶解することにより、ダイヤモンド粉末が分散したアルカリ性水溶液を回収した。
【0028】
このアルカリ性水溶液の上澄み液を廃棄後、塩酸を酸性になるまで加えて酸性溶液にし、NaOHを完全に除去するため、塩酸水溶液中に分散したダイヤモンド粉末を加熱処理した。冷却後、上澄み液を廃棄し、塩酸水溶液中に分散したダイヤモンド粉末に王水150〜200mlを加え、沸騰王水中で加熱処理し、Zrルツボから混入すると考えられるZrを除去した。
【0029】
冷却後、上澄み液を除去し、王水中に分散したダイヤモンド粉末に蒸留水を加え、そのまま放置後ダイヤモンド粉末の沈降を確認し、上澄み液を捨てた。この蒸留水を添加、上澄み液を廃棄するプロセスを4回以上繰り返し、弱酸性水溶液に分散したダイヤモンド粉末を調製した。以上の工程は従来の方法の工程と同じである。次に、ダイヤモンド粉末を分散した弱酸性水溶液をプラスチック製容器に注ぎ、上澄み液の一部を捨てた。これにより、約100mlの蓋付プラスチック容器に15grのダイヤモンド粉末が分散した100mlの弱酸性水溶液を調製した。
【0030】
このプラスチック製容器に蓋をし、20分間、振盪器により振盪処理して、ダイヤモンド粒子の沈降を抑制した。振盪後、即座に(約20秒)液体窒素に浸し、プラスチック製容器を液体窒素中で揺動しながら5分間でダイヤモンド粉末が分散した弱酸性水溶液を凍結した。凍結した状態で真空装置に移し、凍結乾燥を開始してから、凍結した塊が存在するかどうか24時間毎に容器内部を調べた。その結果、72時間経過後も小さな塊の存在が確認されたが、96時間後には塊は完全に消失し、さらさらとしたダイヤモンド粉末が得られた。
【0031】
10mmφの内径のTaカプセルの底部に配置した直径10mmφの黒鉛製円盤上に直径10mmφ厚さ20〜25μmのTa箔を配置しその上に上記の方法により得られた粒子径が0〜0.1μm(走査型電子顕微鏡観察から測定した平均粒子径は0.08μm)のダイヤモンド粉末180mgを200MPaの圧力で充填し、ダイヤモンド粉末上部に炭酸マグネシウム約0.1mol%をシュウ酸二水和物に混合した粉末80mgを焼結助剤として同じ圧力で加圧充填した。
【0032】
焼結助剤の上にさらに180mgのダイヤモンド粉末を同一圧力で充填した。このダイヤモンド粉末層の上部に直径10mmφの厚さ20〜25μmのTa箔を配置し、その上に同様にダイヤモンド粉末、焼結助剤、ダイヤモンド粉末、Ta箔を積層配置し、最上部に直径10mmφの黒鉛製円盤を配置した。カプセルを圧力媒体に充填し、ベルト型超高圧合成装置を用いて、7.7 GPa、1700℃の条件で30分間処理した。
【0033】
焼結体をカプセルから取り出し研削した試料のX線回折の結果、明瞭にダイヤモンドと炭酸マグネシウムを確認することができた。光学顕微鏡及び走査型電子顕微鏡観察の結果、巨視的にも微視的にも均質な焼結体であることが明らかとなった。焼結体中のダイヤモンド粒子の平均粒子径は0.1μm以下であった。この超微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体のヴィカース硬度は63GPaと高硬度であった。
【0034】
実施例2
粒子径が0〜0.1μmの天然ダイヤモンド粉末を実施例1と同じく凍結・乾燥して得られた粒子径が0〜0.1μm(走査型電子顕微鏡観察から測定した平均粒子径は0.08μm)のダイヤモンド粉末及び焼結助剤をTaカプセルに充填し、7.7GPa、2100℃の条件で30分間焼結した。
【0035】
回収した焼結体の破面を観察した結果、焼結助剤層に接したダイヤモンド焼結体の表面から100μm程度の部分に最大100μmの異常粒成長粒子が認められた。それ以外の部分は異常粒成長の全く認められない均質かつ平均粒径0.1μm以下の超微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体であった。同焼結体のTaカプセルに接した部分を研削し、焼結体の硬さを測定したところ、ヴィカース硬さ70GPaであった。
【0036】
実施例3
粒子径が0〜0.25μmの天然ダイヤモンド粉末に変えた他は実施例1と同じく凍結・乾燥して得られた粒子径が0〜0.25μm(走査型電子顕微鏡観察から測定した平均粒子径は0.13μm)のダイヤモンド粉末及び焼結助剤をTaカプセルに充填し、7.7GPa、1700℃の条件で30分間処理した。回収した焼結体は巨視的にも微視的にも均質な組織を持つ焼結体であった。該焼結体の硬度を測定した結果、ヴィカース硬さ63GPaと高硬度であった。焼結体中のダイヤモンド粒子の平均粒子径は0.3μm以下であった。
【0037】
実施例4
粒子径が0〜1μmの天然ダイヤモンド粉末に変えた他は実施例1と同じく凍結・乾燥して得られた粒子径が0〜1μmの天然ダイヤモンド粉末(粒度分布測定装置で測定した平均粒径は0.6μm)ダイヤモンド粉末及び焼結助剤をTaカプセルに充填し、7.7GPa、1700℃の条件で30分間処理した。回収した焼結体の硬さ及びX線回折図形を調べた結果、ヴィカース硬さ64GPaの高硬度焼結体で、ダイヤモンドと炭酸マグネシウムからなることが明らかとなった。
【0038】
比較例1
粒子径が0〜0.1μmの天然ダイヤモンド粉末を凍結・乾燥法で作製し、実施例1と同様な方法でTaカプセルに充填し、7.7GPa、1600℃の条件で30分間焼結した。焼結温度が低すぎたので、得られた焼結体は無数のクラックが入っていた。破面を観察した結果、灰色を呈していた。割れた焼結体の一部を研削した結果、研削抵抗はほとんどなかった。
【0039】
比較例2
粒子径が0〜0.1μmの天然ダイヤモンド粉末を実施例1に記載の方法と同様な方法で弱酸性水溶液に分散したダイヤモンド粉末を調製した。溶液分散ダイヤモンド粉末を減圧ろ過し、水分を含むペースト状ダイヤモンド粉末を作製した。同粉末を500℃の電気炉で1時間以上乾燥し、水分を除去した。
【0040】
このような、ろ過・乾燥法により作製したダイヤモンド粉末を実施例1の方法と同様な方法でTaカプセルに充填した。同カプセルを7.7GPa、2000℃の条件で60分間処理した。ダイヤモンド層の一部にクラックの認められる研削抵抗の小さい焼結体であった。同焼結体の硬さを測定した所、ヴィカース硬さ50GPaと高硬度焼結体とは言い難い焼結体であった。
【0041】
比較例3
比較例2と同様なろ過・乾燥法で調製した粒子径が0〜0.25μmの天然ダイヤモンド粉末をTaカプセルに充填し、7.7GPa,1700℃の条件で30分間処理した。処理後の焼結体には層状割れやクラックが認められた研削抵抗の低い焼結体であった。
【0042】
比較例4
比較例2と同様なろ過・乾燥法で調製した粒子径が0〜1μmの天然ダイヤモンド粉末をTaカプセルに充填し、7.7GPa、1700℃の条件で30分間処理した。処理後の試料は全く未焼結で、クラックの多く認められる試料であった。
【0043】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、凍結・乾燥法により作製した粒子径が0〜1μm、特に、0〜0.1μmの天然ダイヤモンド粉末を使用することにより、1700℃と低温の条件でも高硬度超微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体を合成可能となった。焼結体中のダイヤモンド粒子の平均粒子径が0.1μmと非常に微細な粒子からなるナノダイヤモンド焼結体であるため、鋭利な刃先形状に加工可能であることや100nm以下の粒子径からなることから表面粗さに優れた線引きダイス等の用途が期待される。また、サブミクロンの天然ダイヤモンド粉末を凍結・乾燥法により調製した結果、同ダイヤモンド粉末を出発物質に使用することにより、従来法に比較し、ダイヤモンドの焼結温度を300℃以上低減することに成功し、異常粒成長の全く認められない微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体の合成法を確立した。
【0044】
本発明の方法により合成される高硬度超微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体及び微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体は、従来技術に比較し遙かに低い焼結温度で実現したものである。超高圧装置の寿命には、圧力及び温度条件の緩和が極めて重要であることから、超微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体や微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体の従来にない安価な製造法を確立した。得られた焼結体がナノメーターからサブミクロンまで自在にダイヤモンド粒子径を制御可能とした。これらの粒子径の異なる焼結体は、従来の焼結体にない特性を持っているため、超精密加工用工具、難削材料の加工工具や線引きダイス等の分野での用途が期待される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】図1は、本発明の方法において用いる流体相を封止可能なダイヤモンド焼結体合成用カプセルの一例を示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1.黒鉛製円盤
2.TaまたはMo製カプセル
3.ダイヤモンド粉末
4.炭酸塩−シュウ酸二水和物混合粉末
5.TaまたはMo箔
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention has excellent wear resistance and heat resistance, for example, when applied to finishing cutting tools for difficult-to-cut materials such as high Si-Al alloys, ultra-precision machining dies for metals and alloys, and wire drawing dies. The present invention relates to a method for producing a diamond sintered body that exhibits excellent cutting performance and wire drawing performance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, a diamond sintered body or a fine diamond sintered body using a metal such as Co as a sintering aid is manufactured by an ordinary ultra high pressure synthesizer, or a fine diamond sintered body is manufactured by an ultra high pressure synthesizer. This is well known from recent research (Abstracts of the 41st High-Pressure Discussion Conference, page 108, 2000 and Proceedings of the 8th NIRIM International Synposiumon Advanced Materials, pages 33-34, 2001).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, a fine-grained diamond sintered body using the above-mentioned metal-based sintering aid is required to limit the sintering temperature low in order to produce a sintered body composed of fine particles while suppressing abnormal grain growth of diamond. (J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 74, 5-10, 1990), the hardness of the sintered body is far from the original characteristics of diamond. In addition, since it contains a large amount of metal, the sintered body deteriorates due to thermal stress caused by the difference in thermal expansion coefficient between the metal and diamond under high temperature conditions, which makes it difficult to apply difficult-to-cut materials to cutting tools. There is.
[0004]
High hardness with excellent heat resistance by using alkaline earth metal carbonate as sintering aid and sintering under higher pressure and temperature conditions than before without using any metal sintering aid A synthesis method for obtaining a diamond sintered body is known (Diamond and Related Mater., Vol. 5, pp. 34-37, 1996). However, these sintered bodies are limited to a relatively large particle diameter of about 5 μm.
[0005]
In order to synthesize a fine-grained diamond sintered body, the viscosity of the molten carbonate is lowered, the molten carbonate is easily infiltrated into the diamond layer, and the molten carbonate infiltrated between the diamond particles is used as a diamond sintering aid. Must function as. Therefore, it is well known that the melting point of carbonate can be easily lowered by adding volatile components (COH fluid phase) such as water and carbon dioxide to carbonate.
[0006]
The present inventors have developed a capsule for sealing these volatile components under high pressure and high temperature conditions, and have developed a method for synthesizing a fine-grained diamond polycrystal. This is to produce a mixed powder in which oxalic acid dihydrate, which is the source of the CO 2 —H 2 O fluid phase, is added to carbonate, and natural diamond powder having a particle size range of 0 to 1 μm is formed on the mixed powder. The fine diamond sintered body is manufactured by laminating, and the production condition requires a high temperature condition of 2200 ° C. (Abstracts of the 41st High Pressure Discussion Conference, 108 pages, 2000). Although there is no particle size standard based on a standardized measurement method for fine powder diamond, the particle size distribution range is 0 to 0.05 μm, 0 to 0.1 μm, 0 to 0.2 μm, 0 to 0. Standard particle size standards (center particle size is particle size width) divided by particle size width (particle size width) such as 25 μm, 0-0.5 μm, 0-1 μm In the present specification, the numerical range of the particle diameter of the natural diamond powder means the particle diameter width.
[0007]
The present inventors have reported an example in which a finer diamond powder, for example, a diamond powder having a particle size of 0 to 0.1 μm, was sintered by the same method (p. 89 of the 42nd high-pressure discussion meeting abstract, 2001). As a result, abnormal grain growth of diamond occurred, and a high-hardness diamond sintered body could not be manufactured. From the measurement result of the X-ray diffraction pattern of the sintered body treated under conditions of 7.7 GPa, 1800 ° C. and 30 minutes, carbonate could be confirmed in the sintered body. From this, it is clear that carbonate added with COH fluid phase easily infiltrates into ultrafine diamond powder. However, although the carbonate is infiltrated, the sintering reaction between the diamond particles does not proceed.
[0008]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to develop a method for producing a high-hardness ultrafine diamond sintered body excellent in heat resistance under a sintering temperature condition far lower than that of the prior art.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventor has developed a diamond powder preparation method that suppresses the formation of secondary particles formed in diamond powder. According to the method of the present invention, a diamond powder compact having a uniform pore size is obtained, and the molten carbonate of the sintering aid is homogeneously infiltrated into the compact and the sintering reaction of the diamond particles by the sintering aid is performed. Since it progresses uniformly, it becomes possible to synthesize ultra-fine diamond sintered bodies, which has been difficult in the past. It becomes possible to synthesize at temperature.
[0010]
That is, the present invention provides a natural diamond powder water solution pH3~5 dispersed the diamond powder was shaken processing in containers in the final step of treating de silicate and container in particle size is 0~1μm dispersed aqueous solution the diamond powder was frozen with liquid nitrogen, an ultrahigh-pressure synthesis apparatus using as lyophilized said diamond powder obtained by mixing oxalic acid dihydrate carbonate salt sintering aid It is a method for producing a high-hardness fine-grain diamond sintered body characterized by sintering at a temperature of 1700 ° C. or higher.
[0011]
The present invention is also a method for producing the above-mentioned high-hardness fine diamond sintered body characterized by sintering natural diamond powder having a particle size of 0 to 0.1 μm at 7.7 GPa and 1700 ° C.
[0012]
In the present invention, the diamond powder obtained by freeze-drying is laminated on a carbonate sintering aid comprising a mixed powder in which less than 0.3 mol of oxalic acid dihydrate is mixed with 1 mol of magnesium carbonate. And sintering the above-mentioned high-hardness fine-grain diamond sintered body.
[0013]
A typical method for producing a diamond sintered body using a commercially available natural diamond powder employs the following steps.
1. Preparation of commercially available diamond powder ,
2. Molten NaOH treatment using a Zr crucible ,
3. Collect lump from Zr crucible ,
4). Lump solid NaOH dissolved in distilled water to form a diamond powder-dispersed alkaline aqueous solution ,
5). Add hydrochloric acid to alkaline aqueous solution, heat treatment ,
6). Supernatant liquid disposal ,
7). Add aqua regia to the recovered aqueous solution, boil heat treatment, cooling ,
8). Supernatant liquid disposal ,
9. Add distilled water to recovered aqueous solution, heat treatment, cooling ,
10. Supernatant liquid disposal ,
Repeat 11.9 and 10 ,
12 Recovery of diamond powder dispersed weakly acidic aqueous solution ,
13. Collect paste-like diamond powder by vacuum filtration ,
14 Heat to collect lump powder .
[0014]
Since commercially available natural diamond powder often contains a considerable amount of silicate, a Zr crucible is used in the molten NaOH for about 2 hours in order to remove the silicate. The molten NaOH surface after treatment, brown impurities is observed et al is Ru white considered silicate impurities. After cooling the Zr crucible, a lump of diamond powder and solid NaOH is taken out from the crucible, and the diamond powder is recovered in an alkaline aqueous solution by dissolving NaOH in distilled water.
[0015]
Acidify the aqueous solution with hydrochloric acid and heat-treat. After cooling, confirm the sedimentation of the diamond powder and discard the supernatant. Sufficient aqua regia is added to the diamond powder in the aqueous solution collected in the beaker, and boiling heat treatment is performed. By this treatment, Zr mixed from the Zr crucible is dissolved and removed. After cooling, the supernatant is discarded, and sufficient distilled water is added to the recovered aqueous solution for heat treatment. After cooling again, the supernatant is removed. This operation is repeated to recover the diamond powder dispersed in a weakly acidic aqueous solution having a pH of about 3 to 5.
[0016]
Next, the diamond powder is filtered under reduced pressure with a weakly acidic aqueous solution using a micropore filter having a pore size of 0.22 μm. Paste diamond powder containing water is collected on a filter. The diamond powder is heated at 500 ° C. using an alumina crucible to remove moisture. After the heat treatment, a lump powder with partial cracking is recovered. The powder is crushed to a few mm or less in an alumina crucible and used as a starting material.
[0017]
When the conventional processing method of the said diamond powder is examined, the diamond powder always exists in the state disperse | distributed in the solution until it processes under reduced pressure filtration. Agglomeration of diamond powder occurs during the filtration and heating process, and fine diamond agglomerates, that is, secondary particles are formed. The formed secondary particles are presumed not to be completely primary particles even after reaching a predetermined pressure depending on the room temperature pressurization process.
[0018]
Fine diamond powder prepared by filtration and heat drying methods of the prior art, be pressurized to 7.7 GPa, the formed secondary particles can not be crushed into primary particles. Due to the large amount of secondary particles formed, the pore size formed between the diamond particles is not homogeneous. As a result, even at a sintering temperature exceeding 2000 ° C., the carbonate added with the molten COH fluid phase of the sintering aid does not infiltrate homogeneously between the diamond particles.
[0019]
That is, since the size of the molten carbonate filling the space between the diamond particles is not uniform, the sintering reaction of the diamond particles does not proceed uniformly, and the diamond sintered body cannot be synthesized under low temperature conditions. In particular, the formation of secondary particles becomes significant when the particle size is reduced to 0 to 0.1 μm , so that it was impossible to synthesize a high-hardness diamond sintered body even at a sintering temperature exceeding 2000 ° C. .
[0020]
On the other hand, the method of the present invention can suppress the formation of secondary particles by converting the secondary particle formation process, that is, the filtration and heating process, to a completely new process. In other words, with the fine diamond powder dispersed in the aqueous solution in the container, the diamond particle surface is covered with the aqueous solution, frozen, and freeze-dried as it is, thereby reducing the formation of secondary particles. The powder could be prepared.
[0021]
In the method of the present invention, a hot aqua regia treatment is performed in the final step of the desilicate treatment of the commercially available diamond powder. After this treatment, the supernatant liquid is discarded and diluted with distilled water. The treatment solution in which is dispersed is slightly acidic with a pH of about 3-5.
[0022]
The weakly acidic aqueous solution in which diamond is dispersed is preferably shaken sufficiently using a shaker for about 20 to 30 minutes in a plastic container, and then the container is stirred in liquid nitrogen for a short time. The aqueous solution in which the diamond powder is dispersed is frozen. The time from the shaker to immersion in liquid nitrogen is as short as possible, preferably within 30 seconds. As a result, the sedimentation of diamond powder on the bottom of the plastic container is suppressed, and the formation of secondary particles is also suppressed. When a glass container is used as a container, glass may be mixed as an impurity component. However, when a plastic container is used, even if a very small amount of the components in the container is mixed, the components are composed of C, H, O, C There is no problem because it is the same as the component of oxalic acid dihydrate composed of, H, O. Liquid nitrogen is suitable for use in freezing because it is inexpensive and the solution can be easily frozen.
[0023]
In lyophilization, the lid of a container containing frozen diamond powder is loosened and placed in a vacuum, and when the frozen material is brought into a vacuum state, the frozen weakly acidic ice sublimes. The container containing the frozen material is cooled by sublimation heat and can be kept frozen. The vaporized water is trapped by placing a freezer at −100 ° C. or lower in the middle of the exhaust system of the vacuum pump. In this case, lyophilization takes about 4 days in a 15 gr diamond powder / 100 ml solution system. In a frozen and dried state, the diamond powder becomes a discrete powder, which is completely different from those of the conventional filtration / heating and drying methods, and a smooth powder with high fluidity can be obtained.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 1, the diamond powder obtained by the above method is filled in a Ta or Mo capsule 2 and sintered by applying high pressure. Magnesium carbonate 4 with the addition of oxalic acid dihydrate between the layers of diamond powder 3 scissor, which the Ta or Mo foil 5 having a thickness of 25μm stacked several layers through two or three sheets, graphite disc 1 vertically Place. This is filled in a pressure medium, pressurized to 7.7 GPa at room temperature using a belt-type ultra-high pressure synthesizer, heated to a predetermined temperature under the same pressure, and sintered under high pressure and high temperature. Do.
[0025]
In the conventional method, a capsule with a lid of Ta or Mo is used. However, if a Ta or Mo bottom or lid is not used at the top and bottom, deformation of the diamond powder 3 can be suppressed. As a result, the yield of the diamond sintered body is significantly improved. Graphite disks on the upper and lower surfaces, Ta or Mo foils, and Ta or Mo capsules on the side surfaces seal the fluid phase of CO 2 or H 2 O generated from oxalic acid dihydrate.
[0026]
When the diamond powder is prepared by the freezing / drying method according to the present invention, diamond powder having a particle size of 0 to 0.1 μm , which is difficult to synthesize a high-hardness diamond sintered body by the prior art, can be easily obtained, for example, Vickers hardness 60 GPa. The above high-hardness diamond sintered body can be synthesized. Furthermore, a sub-micron diamond sintered body that requires a sintering temperature of 2100 ° C. or higher in the prior art can also be significantly reduced to a sintering temperature of 1700 ° C.
[0027]
【Example】
Next, the method for producing the high-hardness diamond sintered body of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
Example 1
Natural diamond powder was treated in molten NaOH using a Zr crucible to remove the silicate. In the desilicate treatment, about 60 gr of granular NaOH was added to 15 gr of commercially available natural diamond powder having a particle size of 0 to 0.1 μm , and a 100 ml Zr crucible was used. A desilicate treatment was performed in molten NaOH for 2 hours. After cooling, the lump was taken out from the crucible, and NaOH in the lump was dissolved in distilled water, thereby recovering an alkaline aqueous solution in which diamond powder was dispersed.
[0028]
After discarding the supernatant of this alkaline aqueous solution, hydrochloric acid was added until it became acidic to make an acidic solution, and the diamond powder dispersed in the aqueous hydrochloric acid solution was heat-treated in order to completely remove NaOH. After cooling, the supernatant was discarded, 150 to 200 ml of aqua regia was added to diamond powder dispersed in an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution, and heat treatment was carried out in boiling aqua regia to remove Zr, which would be mixed from the Zr crucible.
[0029]
After cooling, the supernatant was removed, and distilled water was added to the diamond powder dispersed in aqua regia. After standing as it was , the sedimentation of the diamond powder was confirmed, and the supernatant was discarded. This process of adding distilled water and discarding the supernatant was repeated four times or more to prepare diamond powder dispersed in a weakly acidic aqueous solution. The above steps are the same as those of the conventional method. Next, a weakly acidic aqueous solution in which diamond powder was dispersed was poured into a plastic container, and a part of the supernatant was discarded. As a result, 100 ml of a weakly acidic aqueous solution in which 15 gr of diamond powder was dispersed in about 100 ml of a plastic container with a lid was prepared.
[0030]
The plastic container was covered and shaken with a shaker for 20 minutes to suppress the sedimentation of diamond particles. Immediately after shaking (approximately 20 seconds), the weakly acidic aqueous solution in which the diamond powder was dispersed was frozen for 5 minutes while shaking the plastic container in liquid nitrogen. The sample was transferred to a vacuum apparatus in a frozen state, and freeze-drying was started. Then, the inside of the container was examined every 24 hours for the presence of a frozen mass. As a result, the presence of small lumps was confirmed after 72 hours, but the lumps completely disappeared after 96 hours, and a smooth diamond powder was obtained.
[0031]
10 mm [phi of inside diameter of the Ta capsule bottom diameter on graphite disc arrangement and diameter 10 mm [phi to 10 mm [phi, place the Ta foil having a thickness of 20 to 25 m, the particle size obtained by the above method thereon 0-0 .1Myuemu (average particle diameter measured from a scanning electron microscopy 0.08 .mu.m) diamond powder 180mg was packed at a pressure of 200 MPa, the upper oxalate dihydrate about 0.1 mol% magnesium carbonate diamond powder 80 mg of the mixed powder was pressure filled at the same pressure as a sintering aid.
[0032]
A further 180 mg of diamond powder was filled on the sintering aid at the same pressure. A Ta foil having a diameter of 10 mmφ and a thickness of 20 to 25 μm is arranged on the diamond powder layer, and diamond powder, sintering aid, diamond powder and Ta foil are similarly laminated thereon, and a diameter of 10 mmφ is arranged on the top. A graphite disk was placed. The capsule was filled in a pressure medium, and treated for 30 minutes under conditions of 7.7 GPa and 1700 ° C. using a belt-type ultrahigh pressure synthesizer.
[0033]
As a result of X-ray diffraction of the sample obtained by removing the sintered body from the capsule and grinding it, diamond and magnesium carbonate could be clearly confirmed. As a result of observation with an optical microscope and a scanning electron microscope, it was revealed that the sintered body was homogeneous both macroscopically and microscopically. The average particle diameter of diamond particles in the sintered body was 0.1 μm or less. The ultrafine diamond sintered body had a high Vickers hardness of 63 GPa.
[0034]
Example 2
The average particle size diameter particle size of the natural diamond powder was obtained by similarly freeze-dried as in Example 1 0~0.1Myuemu was measured from 0~0.1Myuemu (scanning electron microscopy 0.08μm ) Diamond powder and a sintering aid were filled in a Ta capsule and sintered at 7.7 GPa and 2100 ° C. for 30 minutes.
[0035]
As a result of observing the fracture surface of the recovered sintered body, abnormal grain growth particles having a maximum size of 100 μm were observed in a portion of about 100 μm from the surface of the diamond sintered body in contact with the sintering aid layer. The other part was a ultrafine diamond sintered body having a uniform average particle size of 0.1 μm or less, in which no abnormal grain growth was observed. When the portion of the sintered body in contact with the Ta capsule was ground and the hardness of the sintered body was measured, the Vickers hardness was 70 GPa.
[0036]
Example 3
The particle diameter was 0 to 0.25 μm obtained by freezing and drying as in Example 1 except that the particle diameter was changed to natural diamond powder having a particle diameter of 0 to 0.25 μm (average particle diameter measured from observation with a scanning electron microscope). Was filled with 0.13 μm diamond powder and a sintering aid in a Ta capsule and treated at 7.7 GPa and 1700 ° C. for 30 minutes. The recovered sintered body was a sintered body having a homogeneous structure both macroscopically and microscopically. As a result of measuring the hardness of the sintered body, it was found to have a Vickers hardness of 63 GPa and a high hardness. The average particle diameter of diamond particles in the sintered body was 0.3 μm or less.
[0037]
Example 4
Natural diamond powder having a particle size of 0 to 1 μm obtained by freezing and drying as in Example 1 except that the particle size was changed to natural diamond powder having a particle size of 0 to 1 μm. 0.6 μm) Diamond powder and a sintering aid were filled in a Ta capsule and treated at 7.7 GPa and 1700 ° C. for 30 minutes. As a result of examining the hardness and X-ray diffraction pattern of the recovered sintered body, it was revealed that it was a high-hardness sintered body having a Vickers hardness of 64 GPa and consisting of diamond and magnesium carbonate.
[0038]
Comparative Example 1
A natural diamond powder having a particle size of 0 to 0.1 μm was prepared by a freeze / dry method, filled in a Ta capsule by the same method as in Example 1, and sintered at 7.7 GPa and 1600 ° C. for 30 minutes. Since the sintering temperature was too low, the obtained sintered body had innumerable cracks. As a result of observing the fracture surface, it was gray. As a result of grinding a part of the broken sintered body, there was almost no grinding resistance.
[0039]
Comparative Example 2
A diamond powder was prepared by dispersing natural diamond powder having a particle size of 0 to 0.1 μm in a weakly acidic aqueous solution in the same manner as described in Example 1. The solution-dispersed diamond powder was filtered under reduced pressure to produce a paste-like diamond powder containing water. The powder was dried in an electric furnace at 500 ° C. for 1 hour or longer to remove moisture.
[0040]
Such a diamond powder produced by the filtration / drying method was filled into a Ta capsule by the same method as in Example 1. The capsule was treated under conditions of 7.7 GPa and 2000 ° C. for 60 minutes. It was a sintered body with a small grinding resistance in which cracks were observed in a part of the diamond layer. When the hardness of the sintered body was measured, it was hard to say a Vickers hardness of 50 GPa and a high hardness sintered body.
[0041]
Comparative Example 3
A natural diamond powder having a particle size of 0 to 0.25 μm prepared by the same filtration and drying method as in Comparative Example 2 was filled into a Ta capsule and treated under conditions of 7.7 GPa and 1700 ° C. for 30 minutes. The sintered body after the treatment was a sintered body having a low grinding resistance in which layered cracks and cracks were observed.
[0042]
Comparative Example 4
A natural diamond powder having a particle size of 0 to 1 μm prepared by the same filtration and drying method as in Comparative Example 2 was filled in a Ta capsule and treated under conditions of 7.7 GPa and 1700 ° C. for 30 minutes. The sample after the treatment was completely unsintered and had many cracks.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention uses a natural diamond powder having a particle size of 0 to 1 μm, particularly 0 to 0.1 μm, produced by a freeze / dry method , and thereby a high-hardness ultrafine diamond sintered body even at a low temperature of 1700 ° C. Can be synthesized. It is a nanodiamond sintered body consisting of very fine particles with an average particle diameter of 0.1 μm in the sintered body, so it can be processed into a sharp edge shape and has a particle diameter of 100 nm or less. Therefore, applications such as a drawing die having excellent surface roughness are expected. In addition, as a result of preparing submicron natural diamond powder by freezing and drying method, the diamond powder was used as a starting material, and the diamond sintering temperature was successfully reduced by 300 ° C or more compared to the conventional method. Then, a method for synthesizing a fine-grained diamond sintered body with no abnormal grain growth was established.
[0044]
The high hardness ultrafine diamond sintered body and the fine diamond sintered body synthesized by the method of the present invention are realized at a sintering temperature much lower than that of the prior art. Since relaxation of pressure and temperature conditions is extremely important for the life of ultra high pressure equipment, we have established an unprecedented and inexpensive manufacturing method for ultra fine diamond sintered bodies and fine diamond sintered bodies. The obtained sintered body can freely control the diamond particle diameter from nanometer to submicron. These sintered bodies with different particle sizes have characteristics that are not found in conventional sintered bodies, and are expected to be used in fields such as ultra-precision machining tools, difficult-to-cut material processing tools, and drawing dies. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a capsule for synthesizing a diamond sintered body capable of sealing a fluid phase used in the method of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1. 1. Graphite disk 2. Capsule made of Ta or Mo Diamond powder4. 4. carbonate-oxalic acid dihydrate mixed powder Ta or Mo foil

Claims (3)

粒子径が0〜1μmである天然ダイヤモンド粉末を脱珪酸塩処理する最終工程において該ダイヤモンド粉末を分散したpH3〜5の水溶液を容器に入れ振盪処理し、該容器中において該ダイヤモンド粉末を分散した溶液を液体窒素を用いて凍結し、そのまま凍結乾燥して得られる該ダイヤモンド粉末をシュウ酸二水和物を混合した炭酸塩焼結助剤を用いて超高圧合成装置により1700℃以上の温度で焼結することを特徴とする高硬度微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体の製造法。The aqueous solution of pH3~5 dispersed the diamond powder was shaken processing in containers in the final step of particle size de silicates treating natural diamond powder is 0~1Myuemu, and dispersing the diamond powder in a container the aqueous solution was frozen using liquid nitrogen, as it is lyophilized at a temperature of at least 1700 ° C. by means of an ultrahigh pressure synthesizing apparatus using a carbonate salt sintering aid were mixed oxalic acid dihydrate said diamond powder obtained A method for producing a high-hardness fine-grain diamond sintered body characterized by sintering. 粒子径が0〜0.1μmである天然ダイヤモンド粉末を7.7GPa、1700℃で焼結することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の高硬度微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体の製造法。The method for producing a high-hardness fine-grained diamond sintered body according to claim 1, wherein natural diamond powder having a particle diameter of 0 to 0.1 µm is sintered at 7.7 GPa and 1700 ° C. 凍結乾燥して得られる該ダイヤモンド粉末を炭酸マグネシウム1モルに対し0.3モル未満のシュウ酸二水和物を混合した混合粉末からなる炭酸塩焼結助剤上に積層して焼結することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の高硬度微粒ダイヤモンド焼結体の製造法。The diamond powder obtained by freeze-drying is laminated and sintered on a carbonate sintering aid comprising a mixed powder in which less than 0.3 mol of oxalic acid dihydrate is mixed with 1 mol of magnesium carbonate. The method for producing a high-hardness fine-grained diamond sintered body according to claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that:
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JP3992595B2 (en) * 2002-11-15 2007-10-17 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 Manufacturing method of high purity, high hardness ultrafine diamond sintered body
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GB201014283D0 (en) 2010-08-27 2010-10-13 Element Six Production Pty Ltd Method of making polycrystalline diamond material
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GB201017924D0 (en) 2010-10-22 2010-12-01 Element Six Production Pty Ltd Polycrystalline diamond material
EP2734325A1 (en) 2011-07-20 2014-05-28 US Synthetic Corporation Polycrystalline diamond compact including a carbonate-catalysed polycrystalline diamond table and applications therefor
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