JP4016014B2 - Formwork block and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a form block, in particular, a form block that can be used for fish reefs and seaweed beds, and a method for producing the same.

Conventionally, blocks used as fish reefs were formed by placing concrete on a mold and curing it.
For example, concrete is cast and molded in a space formed by a bottom mold, a side mold fixed to the bottom mold, and a top mold that slides in contact with the side mold. It is a block having a complicated three-dimensional structure (see Patent Document 1).
JP-A-6-99420

However, it is necessary to take out the block after putting concrete on the assembled formwork and curing it for a predetermined period. For this reason, not only a large number of molds are required for mass production, but the number of production steps is large and the productivity is low. In particular, when the block is increased in size, the mold is also increased in size, which takes time for handling and management of the mold.
In addition, since it is necessary to disassemble the mold after placing concrete on the mold and curing it, the shape of the mold is limited, and it is difficult to manufacture blocks of various shapes.
Furthermore, in the conventional manufacturing method, only one type of concrete can be placed, and there is a problem that blocks cannot be manufactured using different types of concrete as required.

In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a mold block that does not require a mold, has high productivity, and can be manufactured in a complicated shape with different types of concrete, and a method for manufacturing the same. .

Means for Solving the Problems and Effects of the Invention

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the formwork block according to the present invention has planar fan-shaped engaging protrusions protruding from adjacent upper corners of the upper and lower surfaces of the cubic block main body facing each other. A plurality of unit blocks provided with a bottom semicircular engaging recess that is engageable with a pair of adjacent engaging protrusions on the edge of the lower surface located immediately below the engaging protrusions, It is arranged in an annular shape adjacent to each other, and concrete is placed and cured in a central space formed by adhering a plurality of unit blocks of the same shape adjacent to each other in an annular shape and integrated. .

According to the present invention, concrete is placed in a central space formed by stacking unit blocks, and is cured and integrated, so that the conventional formwork is not necessary, the production man-hour is reduced, and the productivity is reduced. A manufacturing method of a high formwork block is obtained. In particular, even if the formwork block is enlarged, the formwork is not necessary, so handling and management of the formwork are not required.
In addition, since the unit blocks can be stacked in a ring shape to form a form block, form blocks having various shapes can be obtained.
Furthermore, the formwork block can be manufactured with two types of concrete by making the concrete constituting the unit block different from the concrete that combines and unites the unit block.
And not only is it easy to stack the unit blocks, but also the coefficient of friction between the unit blocks is large. Therefore, even if concrete is placed in the central space, it is difficult for displacement to occur, and a form block with high dimensional accuracy can be obtained.
Next, when the engaging protrusion and the engaging recess are engaged with each other, the stacked unit blocks are not displaced, and a mold block with higher dimensional accuracy can be obtained.
Furthermore, since the engaging protrusions have a flat fan shape, the stacked unit blocks can be rotated to adjust the position, thereby facilitating the stacking operation.

In an embodiment according to the present invention, the unit block may be made of porous concrete.
According to this embodiment, since the unit block located on the surface side is porous, a form block that easily becomes a fish reef or a seaweed basin can be obtained.

  According to the method for manufacturing a form block according to the present invention, planar fan-shaped engagement protrusions are respectively provided at adjacent corners on the upper surface of the upper and lower surfaces of the block-shaped block body, and the engagement block is used for the engagement. A plurality of unit blocks each provided with a bottom semicircular engaging recess that can be engaged with a pair of adjacent engaging protrusions on the edge of the lower surface located immediately below the protrusions are annularly adjacent to each other. Furthermore, after a plurality of unit blocks having the same shape are adjacently stacked at least one stage in a ring shape, concrete is placed in a central space portion formed in the center, and cured to be integrated. Is.

According to the present invention, since no formwork is required, the same effect as the above-described invention can be obtained. Further, since the central space portion is open upward, there is an effect that it is easy to place concrete and that it can be placed and filled to every corner in the central space portion.

Embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings of FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the first embodiment is applied to a form block that can be used as a fish reef. Out of the outer surface of the block body 11 of the unit block 10, the corners adjacent to each other on the upper surface are used. Projecting projections 12 and 13 having a substantially flat fan shape are provided in a protruding manner (FIG. 1A). The engaging protrusions 12 and 13 do not necessarily have a flat fan shape, and may be, for example, a triangle, a tetragon, or a pentagon. For example, when the engaging protrusion is a quadrangular shape, the length of the diagonal line extending from the corner of the unit block 10 may be the radius of the aforementioned fan-shaped protrusion.

  Further, the block main body 11 is formed with an engagement recess 14 that engages with the engagement protrusions 12 and 13 at an edge located below the engagement protrusions 12 and 13 on the lower surface thereof. is there. The engaging recess 14 has a semicircular shape as a basic shape, but its center point C (FIG. 2C) depends on a polyhedron that is formed in an annular shape, for example, a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, an octagon, and the like. ) From the edge of the block body 11 to the inside.

As shown in FIG. 11, when the length of one side of the unit block is s, the circumscribed circle radius is R, and the inscribed circle radius is r, the eccentric amount P (FIG. 2C) of the engaging recess 14 is n It is obtained as the difference between the circumscribed circle radius R and the inscribed circle radius r obtained when the unit blocks are adjacent in a ring shape.
That is,
R = s / 2 · arc sinθ / 2
r = R · cos θ / 2
θ = 360 ° / n

For example, the circumscribed circle radius R is 280 mm and the inscribed circle radius r is 242.5 mm when six cubic unit blocks each having a side length s of 280 mm are arranged adjacent to each other in an annular shape. For this reason, the eccentric amount P (= R−r) of the center point C of the engaging recess 14 is 37.5 mm.

  The block body 11 has a longitudinal groove 15 having a rectangular cross section formed on the outer surface continuous to the engaging recess 14 in the outer surface, and a semicircular longitudinal groove on the remaining outer surface. 16 are provided.

The block main body 11 includes an aggregate and a cement-based binder that bonds the aggregates, and is formed by adding an admixture as necessary. Aggregates include, for example, gravel, crushed stone, slag, calami, cinder ash, volcanic natural lightweight aggregates, artificial lightweight aggregates including waste glass, inorganic aggregates such as heavy aggregates, and organic systems such as plastics. An aggregate alone or a combination thereof may be mentioned. Further, the aggregate may be used in combination of coarse aggregate and fine aggregate. Coarse aggregate has a particle size that passes through the entire 20 mm sieve and has a particle size of 85 percent remaining through a 5 mm sieve mesh, and fine aggregate has a particle size that passes through 85 percent through a 5 mm sieve mesh. The amount of aggregate, 1 m ³ per 1500kg~1900kg are preferred. This is because the porosity is reduced when it is less than 1500 kg, and the compression / bending / shear strength is reduced when it exceeds 1900 kg.

In addition, as cement-based binders, for example, ordinary Portland cement, early-strength cement, moderately heated cement, belite cement, alumina cement, mixed cement alone mixed with blast furnace slag fine powder or fly ash, and combinations thereof are combined. Things. The amount of cementitious binder added is preferably 200 kg to 450 kg per 1 m ³ . This is because if it is less than 200 kg, the compression / bending / shear strength becomes small, and handling during transportation / installation is dangerous, and if it exceeds 450 kg, the porosity becomes small.

Examples of the admixture include fly ash, fine slag powder, silica fume, clay, artificial or natural zeolite, and charcoal powder. If necessary, an AE agent, a water reducing agent, a retarder, etc. may be used as a chemical admixture. It may be added. The addition amount of the admixture is preferably 10 kg to 200 kg per 1 m ³ . This is because if it is less than 10 kg, the compression / bending / shear strength decreases, and if it exceeds 200 kg, the porosity decreases and the compression / bending / shear strength decreases.

  The block body 11 may be formed by placing and curing concrete obtained by appropriately adding water to the aggregate and cement-based binder, particularly north lamp concrete. Thus, the reason why the block body 11 is formed of the north lamp concrete is that the concrete can be punched immediately after being molded, and the productivity is high. In particular, the unit block 10 according to the present embodiment has an advantage that the vertical grooves 15 and 16 provided on the outer surface are aligned in the vertical direction, so that the die can be easily removed.

The procedure for obtaining the north lamp concrete can be obtained, for example, by mixing coarse aggregate and fine aggregate, then adding and mixing cement-based binder and admixture, then adding water and kneading. . The amount of water added to obtain the north lamp concrete is preferably 65 to 120 kg, especially 65 to 75 kg per 1 m ³ . This is because if it is less than 65 kg, a desired bonding force cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 120 kg, slump is generated in the concrete.

  The porous concrete obtained by placing and curing the concrete as described above preferably has a water permeability of 0.05 to 3 cm / s and a porosity of 10 to 30%. This is because if the water permeability coefficient is less than 0.05 cm / s, plants such as seaweeds do not grow well, and if it exceeds 3 cm / s, the desired strength cannot be obtained. Moreover, it is because desired water permeability cannot be ensured when the porosity is less than 10%, and desired strength cannot be ensured when it exceeds 30%.

Next, a method for forming a form block with the unit block 10 will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 3, the corners of the six unit blocks 10 are arranged adjacent to each other in an annular shape so as to form a regular hexagon (FIG. 4). Subsequently, the engaging block 14 formed on the lower surface of the other unit block 10 is engaged with and positioned by a pair of adjacent engaging protrusions 12 and 13 of different unit blocks 10 and 10, and the unit blocks 10 are stacked ( FIG. 5). As a result, a central space 20 having a substantially hexagonal prism shape is formed by the unit block 10. Next, the unit blocks 10 are integrated by placing and curing concrete (not shown) in the central space 20.

According to this embodiment, a plurality of unit blocks 10 are stacked and integrated to obtain a form block having various shapes that could not be formed by a conventional form.
Further, in the present embodiment, since the longitudinal groove 15 having a rectangular cross section is formed on the side surface facing the central space portion 20, the contact area between the unit block 10 and the concrete is increased, and a high-strength formwork block is formed. can get.

  If necessary, each unit block 10 and the lifting metal fitting may be integrated by positioning a lifting metal fitting (not shown) in the central space 20 and placing and curing the concrete. By integrating the lifting bracket with the unit block 10, there is an advantage that processing and transportation after curing are simplified and workability is improved.

In the present embodiment, the case where six unit blocks 10 are stacked to form a form block has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, three units, four units, and eight units are formed as many units as desired. The blocks 10 may be stacked and formed.
Further, the unit block 10 according to the present embodiment is not limited to being assembled in a ring shape, and for example, it may be assembled in a planar shape to form a slope in the formation site. In this case, the center point C of the engaging recess 14 need not be decentered from the lower surface edge of the block body 11.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 10, the second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment described above, and the difference is that no vertical groove is formed. The other parts are almost the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.

In the above-described embodiment, the case where the substantially cubic unit blocks 10 are stacked has been described. However, the unit block 10 is not necessarily limited to the above-described shape, and may be, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, a hexagonal column, or an octagonal column. Good.
Further, the engaging protrusions 12 and 13 do not have to be substantially fan-shaped, and may be, for example, a quadrangular shape or a pentagonal shape. In this case, it is necessary to set the outer dimensions so that the engaging protrusions 12 and 13 are in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the engaging recess 14. This is for facilitating positioning and preventing position shift of the unit block 10.

  It can be used as a block suitable for forming excellent fish reefs and seaweed beds in a short period of time.

1A and 1B are perspective views of a first embodiment of a unit block according to the present invention as seen from different angles. 6A to 6F are a plan view, a front view, a bottom view, a rear view, a left side view, and a longitudinal sectional view showing the unit blocks shown in FIG. 1, respectively. 3A and 3B are perspective views for explaining the assembly process. 4A and 4B are a perspective view and a plan view for explaining the assembly process, respectively. 5A and 5B are a perspective view and a plan view for explaining the assembly process, respectively. 6A and 6B are perspective views of the second embodiment of the unit block according to the present invention as seen from different angles. 7A to 7F are a plan view, a front view, a bottom view, a rear view, a left side view, and a longitudinal sectional view showing the unit blocks shown in FIG. 6, respectively. 8A and 8B are perspective views for explaining the assembly process. 9A and 9B are a perspective view and a plan view for explaining the assembly process, respectively. 10A and 10B are a perspective view and a plan view for explaining the assembly process, respectively. It is a top view for demonstrating the method to determine the eccentric amount of the recessed part for engagement of the unit block concerning this invention.

Explanation of symbols

10: Unit block 11: Block body 12, 13: Engaging protrusion 14: Engaging recess 15, 16: Vertical groove 20: Center space

Claims (3)

  Of the upper and lower surfaces of the block main body having a cubic shape, planar fan-shaped engaging projections are respectively provided at adjacent corners of the upper surface, and the edge of the lower surface located immediately below the engaging projections In addition, a plurality of unit blocks each provided with a bottom semicircular engaging recess that can be engaged with a pair of adjacent engaging protrusions are arranged adjacently in an annular shape, and a plurality of units having the same shape are arranged. A formwork block characterized in that concrete is cast and cured and integrated in a central space formed by stacking at least one step in a ring shape adjacent to each other.   The form block according to claim 1, wherein the unit block is made of porous concrete.   Of the upper and lower surfaces of the block main body having a cubic shape, planar fan-shaped engaging projections are respectively provided at adjacent corners of the upper surface, and the edge of the lower surface located immediately below the engaging projections A plurality of unit blocks provided with a bottom semicircular engaging recess that can be engaged with a pair of adjacent engaging protrusions are arranged adjacently in an annular shape, and a plurality of identical shapes A method for producing a form block, wherein unit blocks are stacked adjacent to each other in an annular shape, and then concrete is placed in a central space formed at the center, and then cured and integrated.

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