JP4016779B2

JP4016779B2 - Seedling transplanter

Info

Publication number: JP4016779B2
Application number: JP2002279391A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 木下　　栄一郎; 勝野　　志郎; 大久保　　嘉彦; 石田　　伊佐男; 均吉倉; ▲きよし▼ 中谷; 切手　　肇; 良和舘; 竹本　　雅浩; 島　　勝利; 村並　　昌実
Original assignee: Iseki and Co Ltd
Current assignee: Iseki and Co Ltd
Priority date: 2002-09-25
Filing date: 2002-09-25
Publication date: 2007-12-05
Anticipated expiration: 2022-09-25
Also published as: JP2004113076A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、甘しょ苗等のつる苗を圃場に植付ける苗移植機に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、下記特許文献１〜３に示されるように、機体を自走させる走行部と、つる苗を前後方向に向く姿勢で一つづつ収容する苗収容部を複数設けて該苗収容部を複数の前後方向の軸周りに一列で周回動させて苗を搬送する苗搬送部と、該苗搬送部によって搬送されてきたつる苗を把持して圃場に植付ける苗植付け体とを備えた甘しょ苗移植機が知られている。
【０００３】
従来の甘しょ苗移植機は、機体の進行方向後方へ向けて圃場内に浅く斜めに苗を植え付けるものであり、植え付けたつる苗上の圃場面に覆土した後、覆土を押さえつける一対の鎮圧輪を用いる方法が知られている。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開平４−３６１０７号公報
【０００５】
【特許文献２】
特開平４−３６１０８号公報
【０００６】
【特許文献３】
特開平４−５８８０９号公報
【０００７】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前記従来の一対の鎮圧輪は下部ほど互いの間隔が狭くなるように斜めに取り付けられ、作業機の重みで下向きに付勢されており、機体の進行に伴って畝面を転動して苗が植え付けられた後の苗移植穴の周囲の土を崩落させて覆土した後、その後を軽く鎮圧する機能がある。
【０００８】
しかし、上記鎮圧輪では、植え付けたつる苗の上の圃場面が一対の鎮圧輪の間に位置することになり、他の苗類に比べて長いつる苗の根部及びその近傍を十分鎮圧できていないおそれがある。
また、マルチフィルムを設置する場合に、苗植付け体による苗の植え付け後にマルチフィルムとその下方の土壌との間に空気がたまり易く、高温空気により苗の生育に支障を与えることがあった。
【０００９】
本発明の課題は、植え付け後の甘藷苗等のつる苗の上方の土を確実に鎮圧して、つる苗を土中に植え付けることができる苗移植機を提供することである。
また、本発明の課題は、甘藷苗等のつる苗を土中に植え付けた後で、マルチフィルムを設置する場合にも苗の生育の障害にならないようにする苗移植機を提供することである。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するために次の構成を採用した。
請求項１記載の発明は、機体を自走させる走行装置１と、該走行装置１上に植付用のつる苗を搬送する苗搬送部３と、該苗搬送部３からつる苗を受け取り、圃場に植え付ける苗植付け体４と、圃場に植え付けられたつる苗の上面を覆土して鎮圧する覆土鎮圧体６３を備えた苗移植機において、苗植付け体４は、その先端の挟持部４ａがつる苗を保持したまま圃場の土中に侵入し、機体進行方向前側から後側に向って土中を移動して所定箇所で土中につる苗を開放して、機体進行方向後側から前斜め上方に向かって上昇して土中を抜け出るように移動する構成を備え、覆土鎮圧体６３は圃場面を押圧するための弾性変形可能な板体で構成した接地体６３ａを備え、該接地体６３ａが植付け体４のつる苗植え付け動作時に、植付けられたつる苗の後端部より後側から前側の苗茎部上方の畝上面に接地し、機体進行により地上に出ているつる苗に接触する前に圃場面から離れて上昇するように移動する構成を備えた苗移植機である。
【００１２】
【作用及び発明の効果】
請求項１の発明により、つる状苗が船底植えや斜め植えのように前倒れ状態で土中に植付けられ、しかも、植付け体４の挟持部４ａが苗を開放した後、機体進行方向後側から前側斜め上方に向って上昇するので、苗が覆土されやすい状態となり、そして、鎮圧覆土体６３の接地体６３ａが、植付けられたつる状苗の土中の後端部より後側から前側の苗茎部上方の畝上面に接地して鎮圧するので、上記のように前倒れ状態で土中に植付けられたつる状苗の覆土鎮圧を適確に行え、更に、鎮圧覆土体６３の接地体６３ａが機体進行により地上に出ている苗を鎮圧する前に上昇するので、苗の地上部分を鎮圧してしまうこともない。従って、つる状苗を適確な姿勢で植付けられ、且つ、活着が良い植付けが可能となる。
【００１３】
また、畝上面をマルチフィルムで覆っている場合、鎮圧覆土体６３の接地体６３ａが弾性変形可能な状態で広い範囲の面で接地するため、マルチフィルム下方の土壌が大きく沈下する状態が生じにくく、このため、マルチフィルムと土壌面との間に高温の空気が多量に溜まって苗の生育に支障を与えるというような問題が発生しにくくなる。
【００１４】
【発明の実施の形態】
この発明の一実施形態としての苗移植機を以下に図面と共に説明する。図１は本発明の実施の形態の苗移植機の側面図、図２は図１の苗移植機の平面図、図３は図１の苗移植機の苗搬送部と苗植付け体と鎮圧体を示す一部省略した斜視図、図４は図１の苗移植機の苗搬送部と苗植付け体とを示す一部省略した苗移植機の背面方向から見た図である。
【００１５】
なお、以下の図示例についての説明で前又は後というときは、操縦ハンドル２を配置した側を後とし、その反対側、即ちエンジン５を配置した側を前という。そして、右又は左というときは、機体後部において機体前部側を前側として立つ作業者から見て右手側を右とし、左手側が左としていう。
【００１６】
苗移植機は、走行装置１と操縦ハンドル２を備えた機体に、甘しょ苗を搬送する苗搬送部３と、該苗搬送部３によって搬送されてきた苗を圃場に植付ける苗植付け体４とを備えた苗移植機である。
【００１７】
走行装置１は、図示例では、エンジン５と、該エンジン５の動力が伝達されて駆動回転する左右一対の後輪６、６と、該車輪６、６の前方に転動自在に支持した左右一対の前輪７、７とを備えたものとしている。
【００１８】
エンジン５の後部には、ミッション（伝動）ケース８を配置し、そのミッション（伝動）ケース８は、その左側部からエンジン５の左側方に延びるケース部分を有し、これがエンジン５の左側部と連結している。このケース部分にエンジン５の出力軸が入り込んでミッション（伝動）ケース８内の伝動機構に動力が伝達される構成となっている。ミッション（伝動）ケース８の左右両側部に伝動ケース９、９を回動自在に取り付け、この伝動ケース９、９の回動中心にミッション（伝動）ケース８から左右両外側方に延出させた車輪駆動軸の先端が入り込んで伝動ケース９、９内の伝動機構に走行用の動力を伝達している。そして、走行用の動力は伝動ケース９、９内の伝動機構を介して機体後方側に延びて、その後端側側方に突出する車軸１０、１０に伝動し、後輪６、６が駆動回転するようになっている。
【００１９】
また、伝動ケース９、９のミッション（伝動）ケース８への取付部には、上方に延びるアーム１１、１１を一体的に取り付けていて、これがミッション（伝動）ケース８に固定された昇降用油圧シリンダ１２のピストンロッド先端に上下軸心周りに回動自在に取り付けた天秤杆１３の左右両側部と連結している。その連結部の右側はロッド１４で連結し、左側は伸縮作動可能な左右水平制御用油圧シリンダ１５で連結している。
【００２０】
昇降用油圧シリンダ１２が作動してそのピストンロッド１２ａが機体後方に突出すると、左右の前記アーム１１、１１は後方に回動し、これに伴い伝動ケース９、９が下方に回動して、機体が上昇する。反対に、昇降用油圧シリンダ１２のピストンロッド１２ａが機体前方に引っ込むと、左右の前記アーム１１、１１は前方に回動し、これに伴い伝動ケース９、９が上方に回動して、機体が下降する。この昇降用油圧シリンダ１２は、機体に対する畝上面高さを検出するセンサー２４（図１）の検出結果に基づいて機体が畝上面高さに対して設定高さになるよう作動するよう構成しており、また、操縦ハンドル２近傍に配置した操作具の人為操作によって機体を上昇或は下降させるよう作動する構成ともしている。
【００２１】
また、前記左右水平制御用油圧シリンダ１５が伸縮作動すると、前記天秤杆１３が、その左右中央部の昇降用油圧シリンダ１２のピストンロッド１２ａの先端と連結する上下軸心周りに回動して左右の伝動ケース９、９を互い違いに上下動させ機体を左右に傾斜させる。この左右水平制御用油圧シリンダ１５は、左右水平に対する機体の左右傾斜を検出するセンサー２４の検出結果に基づいて機体が左右水平になるように作動するよう構成している。
【００２２】
前記左右前輪７、７は、エンジン５下方の左右中央位置で前後方向の軸心周りに回動自在に取り付けた前輪支持フレーム１６の左右両側部の下方に延びるアーム部分の下端部側方に固定した車軸１７、１７に回転自在に取り付けている。従って、左右前輪７、７は、機体の左右中央の前後方向の軸心周りにローリング動自在となっている。
【００２３】
前記操縦ハンドル２は、ミッション（伝動）ケース８に前端部を固定したハンドルフレーム２ｂの後端部に取り付けている。ハンドルフレーム２ｂは、機体の左右中央から右側に偏った位置に配置されて後方に延び、また、前後中間部から斜め後上方に延びている。操縦ハンドル２は、ハンドルフレーム２ｂの後端部から左右に後方に延びてその各後端部を操縦ハンドル２のグリップ部２ａ、２ａとしている。操縦ハンドル２の左右のグリップ部２ａ、２ａは、作業者がそのグリップ部２ａ、２ａを楽に手で握れるように適宜高さに設定する。なお、図例ではグリップ部２ａ、２ａを左右に分かれた構成としているが、操縦ハンドル２の左右の後端部を互いに左右に連結してその連結部分をグリップ部としても良い。
【００２４】
なお、上記走行装置１は、四輪構成としたものであるが、左右一対の駆動輪のみの２輪構成でもよいし、前輪の替わりに畝上面を転動する鎮圧輪としてもよい。また、クローラー式の走行装置としてもよい。
【００２５】
次に、苗植付け体４及び苗搬送部３について説明する。
苗植付け体４は、その苗植付け作用部４ａを昇降動させる駆動部と連結し、該苗植付け体４の苗植付け作用部４ａ（一対の苗植付け挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂）が、苗搬送部３により搬送されてきた苗に作用して苗を圃場に植付ける構成としたものである。
【００２６】
苗植付け体４を駆動する駆動部は、ミッション（伝動）ケース８内から苗植付け体４の駆動用の動力を受けて伝動する伝動機構を内装する植付け伝動ケース１８に設けている。図例のように植付け伝動ケース１８は、その前部がミッション（伝動）ケース８の後部に連結し、そこから後斜め上方に延びる第一ケース部１８ａと、この第一ケース部１８ａの上部左側部に左右方向の軸心回りに回動自在に取り付けられて左側方に延びる第二ケース部１８ｂと、その第二ケース部１８ｂの左端部に固定され後斜め下方に延びる第三ケース部１８ｃ内に苗植付け体４を駆動するための動力を伝達する伝動機構を内装している。
【００２７】
なお、第一ケース部１８ａ内に内装した伝動機構には、苗植付け体４をその昇降動最上位の位置で、またはその近傍位置で設定時間停止させる間欠駆動機構と、苗植付け体４及び苗搬送部３を作動停止させるクラッチ機構とを備える。間欠駆動機構によって停止する時間は、該間欠駆動機構が備える変速機構によって調節され、この調節によって苗植付け体４による苗植付株間が変更調節されるようになっている。
【００２８】
そして、苗植付け体４は、その駆動部としての駆動回転する駆動アーム１９と連結して駆動される。駆動アーム１９は、前記第三ケース部１８ｃの後部右側部から突出して駆動回転する駆動軸２０に固定されている。そして、駆動アーム１９の先端部に苗植付け体４の支持リンク部２１の上端部を回転自在に連結し、その支持リンク部２１の下端部に揺動リンク２２の前端部を回転自在に連結している。
【００２９】
また、揺動リンク２２の後端部は支持軸２５で回転自在に支持されている。支持軸２５の一端部は第三ケース部１８ｃに前部が固定された支持フレーム２３の後端部に回転自在に支持されている。
【００３０】
また、図３の苗植付け体４部分の拡大斜視図に示すように、苗植付け体４は一対の支持板４ｂ₁、４ｂ₂からなる支持部４ｂと該支持部４ｂの先端部で苗を挟持する一対の苗植付け挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂と、前記支持板支持部４ｂの各板４ｂ₁、４ｂ₂の基部を支持する一対の開閉部材４ｃ₁、４ｃ₂と、該開閉部材４ｃ₁、４ｃ₂との基部側に設けた円筒部４ｄ₁、４ｄ₂とからなる。一対の開閉部材４ｃ₁、４ｃ₂はその中間部で回動自在に交差しており、また常時は挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂を閉じる方向にスプリング４ｅで付勢されている。また、円筒部４ｄ₁、４ｄ₂の一端部が係合し、他端部が後述するカム５４に当接している。
【００３１】
前記カム５４は駆動アーム１９と支持リンク部２１との端部同士を連結し、かつ伝動ケース１８ｃ内の駆動機構１８ｃ₁の駆動力を揺動リンク２２に伝動する連結リンク５５にスプライン係合されている。カム５４は円盤５４ａの両側にわたって設けたボス部５４ｂ₁、５４ｂ₂と円盤５４ａの前記ボス部５４ｂ₁、５４ｂ₂の外側に設けた一対の突起５４ｃ₁、５４ｃ₂からなる。従って伝動ケース１８ｃからの駆動力でカム５４が一回転すると、突起５４ｃ₁、５４ｃ₂に苗植付け体４の円筒部４ｄ₁、４ｄ₂がそれぞれ当接し、一対の開閉部材４ｃ₁、４ｃ₂がスプリング４ｅの付勢力に抗して互いに開く方向に作動し、支持板４ｂ₁、４ｂ₂を介して一対の挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂が開く。
【００３２】
一対の挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂が開いた後は、一対の苗植付け挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂の先端部が閉じる方向に動き、苗を挟持する。このときの支持リンク部２１が苗植付け挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂に挟持された苗を畝に埋め込む方向に動く。
【００３３】
また、苗搬送部３が苗を圃場に向けて搬送する方向と同じ方向に動作しながら苗植付け体４の一対の苗植付け挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂が苗を挟持しようするので、搬送部３から苗植付け体４への苗の引き継ぎに無理が無く、苗の引継に失敗することがほとんど無くなる。
【００３４】
苗を圃場（畝）中に植え付けた後にカム５４に連動する苗植付け挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂が苗の挟持を解放し、かつ、圃場内から上方に離れる方向に移動する。このときカム５４の突起５４ｃ₁、５４ｃ₂の円盤５４ａへの取り付け位置により、一対の挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂が開くタイミングが決まる。苗を圃場（畝）中に植え付けた後に一対の挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂が開く。
【００３５】
ここで多種類のカム５４を用意しておき、苗の種類などに応じてカム５４を取り替えて各苗に適した植え付けができ、苗を圃場（畝）中に植え付けた後に、一対の挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂が開くタイミングが決まる。
【００３６】
上記構成により苗植付け体４は、駆動アーム１９が駆動回転すると、支持リンク部２１と一体の苗植付け体４の先端部（下端部）の苗植付け作用部４ａが、図１に示すような軌跡Ｔ又は軌跡Ｔ’を描いて運動することになる。なお、図１に示すような軌跡Ｔは、機体に対して苗植付け作用部４ａが描く運動軌跡であり、軌跡Ｔ’は、設定した作業時速度で機体が前進走行したときの圃場に対して苗植付け作用部４ａが描く運動軌跡である。
【００３７】
苗搬送部３は、甘しょ苗を茎部が前後方向に向く姿勢で収容する苗収容部２６を苗搬送方向Ｃ（図４）に複数備えるとともに、該苗収容部２６を機体上部側で左右一方向に搬送する上部横搬送部３ａと、該上部搬送部３ａにより搬送されてきた苗収容部２６を機体下方に搬送する下降搬送部３ｂと、該下降搬送部３ｂにより搬送されてきた苗収容部２６を機体上方に搬送し、前記上部横搬送部３ａの搬送始端側に戻す上昇搬送部３ｃとを備えている。
【００３８】
苗収容体２６は、前後に長い樋状の形態で、上部横搬送部３ａで苗を載せる受け面となる受け板部２６ａと、互いに隣接する苗収容体２６、２６とを仕切る面となる側板部２６ｂ、２６ｂとを備え、上部横搬送部３ａで上方に開放部を有する形態となっている。また、前後にも開放された形状であるが、後部側には、苗挟持体２７を取り付けている。
【００３９】
そして、この苗収容体２６・・・をチェン２８、２８に複数並べて取り付け、そのチェン２８、２８を、機体上部側の左右に各前後一対づつ設けたスプロケット２９、２９；３０、３０と、機体下部側の左右に各前後一対づつ設けたスプロケット３１、３１；３２、３２とに巻きかけている。機体上部側の左右のスプロケット２９、２９；３０、３０は支持部材３５で支持される軸３６、３７に取り付けている。支持部材３５は植付け伝動ケース１８の第三ケース部１８ｃの後部に固定された支持パイプ３３に固着している。
【００４０】
更に、この苗移植機では、図６に示すように苗収容部２６の底部２６ａの後端に、断面コ字状のアーム形状の支持体である苗挟持体２７を着脱自在に取り付けた構成とする。
【００４１】
苗挟持体２７は左右一方側の挟持部材２７ａ、２７ａから構成され、その間につる苗を挟持しながら苗植付け体４に受け渡すが、少なくとも左右一方側の挟持部材２７ａを他方の挟持部材２７ａに毛先が向う姿勢のブラシ体Ｂで構成する。ブラシ体Ｂは、左右の挟持部材２７ａ、２７ａの左右一方側のみにおいて構成しても良いし、左右両方側において構成しても良い。なお、このブラシ体Ｂは、植物性繊維、獣毛、或は合成樹脂等の合成物又はゴムによる細い繊維状体などを用いた毛ｂ１を、適宜材質の板状等のベース部材ｂ２に植立させたものである。ブラシ体Ｂの毛ｂ１は、ブラシ体Ｂの毛先部分に苗を押し込むときに適宜弾力的に屈曲し、且つ、このとき毛先に苗が接触しても苗に大きな損傷を与えないような弾力であり、また、苗の基部側部分をブラシ体Ｂの毛先部分を上下に分け入るようにして挟んだときに苗が容易に脱落しにくいような弾力を有するよう適宜選択する。
【００４２】
図６に示した苗挟持体２７は、苗収容部移動方向（矢印Ｄ方向）下手側の挟持部材２７ａを、苗収容部移動方向Ｄ上手側の挟持部材２７ａに毛先が向う姿勢のブラシ体Ｂで構成し、苗収容部移動方向Ｄ上手側に苗挟持作業時に触れる作業者の指によって弾性変形可能な発砲ウレタン樹脂などの合成物等からなる弾性部材Ｅで構成した例である。
【００４３】
上記のように苗挟持体２７を構成すると、作業者が片手でつる苗を持って苗挟持体２７につる苗を挟持させる場合、苗挟持体２７に挟持させるつる苗の基部側部分の上に指を添え、その添えた指を左右の挟持部材２７ａ、２７ａの間に入り込ませながら、つる苗の基部側部分を左右の挟持部材２７ａ、２７ａ間に押し込んで挟持させることになるが、このとき、苗挟持体２７の少なくとも左右一方側の挟持部材２７ａが他方の挟持部材２７ａに毛先が向う姿勢のブラシ体Ｂで構成されていることにより、指を左右の挟持部材２７ａ、２７ａ間に容易に入り込ませることができ、しかも、この際に挟持部材２７ａ、２７ａから受ける指への負荷も軽いものとなる。更に、苗挟持体２７に挟持されるつる苗の基部側部分は、ブラシ体Ｂの毛先部分が上下に分け入って挟まれるので、つる苗の基部側部分は左右に挟まれるだけでなくブラシ体Ｂの毛先部分によって上下にも挟まれた状態になり、よって、苗挟持体２７からの苗の脱落も生じにくい。従って、これにより、苗挟持体２７への苗挟持作業が片手で軽く、容易に且つ確実に行えて、作業能率の向上が図れる。
【００４４】
また、図７に示す例は、苗収容部２６の底部２６ａの後端部に取付穴２６ｃを設け、苗挟持体２７の基部にも穴２７ｃを設け、苗収容部底部２６ａの取付穴２６ｃと苗挟持体２７の取付穴２７ｃを貫通させて取付具２７ｄを設け、その取付具２７ｄの下部に苗挟持体２７に挟持された苗の苗収容部２６側部位を押し下げる（苗挟持体２７から外れる方向に移動させる）作用体２７ｅを設ける。穴２６ｃ、２７ｃの径が取付具２７ｄの径より大きいので、苗収容部２６が植付け体４に苗を渡す位置に来ると作用体２７ｅは、自身の自重で下方に落ちる方向（矢印Ａ）に動き、苗の茎部を図７（ｂ）に示すように下方に押す。下方に押された苗の茎部は植付け体４の作用部４ａにより挟持され的確に苗挟持体２７から取り出されて確実に圃場に植付けられる。
【００４５】
また、図８（図８（ａ）は斜視図、図８（ｂ）は平面図、図８（ｃ）は側面図）に示す苗挟持体２７の構成例では、図７の作用体２７ｅの苗押し下げ作用を植付体４の動作によって動作させる構成としたものである。すなわち、コ字状のアーム形状の苗抜きアーム２７ｅを苗挟持体２７の側面に固定した支持部材２７ｆに回動自在に支持させて、下降した植付け体４の作用部４ａが当る位置に苗抜きアーム２７ｅの一片が配置されるようしておく。苗挟持体２７の側面の支持部材２７ｆとコ字状の苗抜きアーム２７ｅの間にはバネ体２７ｇを巻き付けてある。
【００４６】
植付け体４の作用部４ａが苗抜きアーム２７ｅに当たると、バネ体２７ｇの付勢力に抗して該苗抜きアーム２７ｅを図８（ａ）、図８（ｃ）の（イ）位置にあったアーム２７ｅを（ロ）位置に移動させることで苗を苗挟持体２７から外れやすくする。
【００４７】
以上のように、苗挟持体２７に挟持された苗の苗収容部２６側（前側）の挟持部位を植付体４が苗を取り出すときに、苗挟持体２７から外れる方向に移動させる作用体２７ｅを設けたので、苗収容部２６に収容させた苗は、植付体４が苗を取り出す位置まで、苗挟持体２７にしっかりと挟持させて搬出でき、苗搬送中の苗の乱れが少なくなお且つ、植付体４が苗を取り出すときには苗が苗挟持体２７から外れやすくなって苗を確実に植え付けることができる。
【００４８】
また、作用体２７ｅは苗の苗収容部２６側の部位に作用するので、植付体４が挟持する側の部位（後端側部位）の位置ずれが少なく、よって本実施例のような作用体２７ｅを設けながらも、植付体４の苗挟持姿勢も乱れにくい。
【００４９】
図９（ａ）の底面図と図９（ｂ）の図９（ａ）の矢印Ａ方向からの矢視図に示すように、苗挟持体２７に設けるブラシ体Ｂは、苗植付け体４の作用部４ａの外側に付いた土を取り除く機能を設けた構成とすることもできる。このとき、挟持部材２７ａ、２７ａの両方にブラシ体Ｂを取り付け、その間隔を比較的広めにしておく。
【００５０】
植付け体４の作用部４ａが苗を挟んだ時に、作用部４ａがブラシ体Ｂの内側を通過するので、苗の挟持をより確実に行え、かつ安定した苗の挟持ができ、同時に植付け体４の作用部４ａの外側に付いた土を取り除くことができる。その上、ブラシ体Ｂは、その先端部に苗の端を合わせるように苗を苗挟持体２７に供給するために目印とすることもできる。
【００５１】
また支持フレーム２３は苗搬送部３のスプロケット群が構成する背面視三角形の内部を貫通するように配置されていて、第三ケース１８ｃと共に鎮圧輪６９を支持する。従って苗搬送部３は第三ケース１８ｃと圃場に接地した鎮圧輪６９とにより支持されており圃場に対して図１に示すように側面視で傾斜状に配置されることになる。
【００５２】
そのため図２に示すように後輪６の上方に苗搬送部３がオーバーラップし(図２の円Ａ）、作業者が苗搬送部３に接近して歩行することが容易となる。また図４に示すように背面視で三角形である苗搬送部３の空き空間に後輪６を配置でき、前記オーバラップ部分があることで機体前後長を短くすることができ、且つ苗搬送部３が後輪６に干渉しにくいように構成できる。
【００５３】
また、苗搬送部３及び植付体４は伝動ケース１８ｃの回動支点となる第２伝動ケース１８ｂの横軸心を中心に図１の矢印Ｓの範囲で上下にフローティング動作するので、苗の植え付け作業時において、苗搬送部３が後傾姿勢となって苗の茎部を常に畝面にできるだけ接近させることができ、苗の植え付け失敗がなくなり、良好な植付ができる。
【００５４】
また鎮圧輪６９と覆土鎮圧体６３の接地体６３ａが苗植え付け体４の挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂が圃場から出た直後に苗植え付け位置の圃場を押さえつけるので苗の植え付けを確実にすることができる。鎮圧輪６９と覆土鎮圧体６３については、後で詳細に説明する。
【００５５】
苗搬送部３の機体下部側の左右のスプロケット３１、３１；３２、３２は、植付け伝動ケース１８の第三ケース部１８ｃに前部を固定した支持フレーム２３に固着した支持プレート３８で支持した軸３９、４０に取り付けている。そして、上部右側のスプロケット２９、２９が駆動部４１により駆動されて苗収容体２６が設定搬送方向Ｃに移動するよう苗搬送部３が駆動する構成となっている。
【００５６】
そして、苗搬送部３の駆動部４１は、苗植付け体４に連結して動作する部材２２と一体に上下揺動する連動ロッド４３を介して連動連結している。また、苗植付け体４の苗植付け挟持具４ａ_１、４ａ_２が下降するときは苗収容部２６が停止し、苗植付け体４の苗植付け挟持具４ａ_１、４ａ_２が上昇するときは苗収容部２６が移動するよう苗搬送部３が間欠駆動するように設けている。
【００５７】
苗搬送部３の駆動部４１の具体的な構造は、例えば、図５に示すような構造である。まず、支持パイプ３３の後端部に固着したブラケット４４に支持した軸４５を上部右側のスプロケット２９、２９と一体回転するように取り付けている軸３６の後部と軸継手を介して連結し、この軸４５に一体回転するよう取り付けた突起４６ａ付きの従動ディスク４６を取付ける。そして、この従動ディスク４６の後側に駆動アーム４７を軸４５に回転自在に取付け、この駆動アーム４７の先端部に前記連結ロッド４３の上端部を回動自在に取付ける。
【００５８】
また、駆動アーム４７には、従動ディスク４６の突起４６ａに係合する爪４８を取り付けていて、この爪４８は、駆動アーム４７が苗搬送部３の設定搬送方向Ｃに作動させるようにスプロケット２９、２９を駆動回転させる方向に回動するとき（図５では駆動アーム４７が上動するとき）には、従動ディスク４６の突起４６ａに係合固定されて従動ディスク４６を駆動アーム４７と一体回転させる。駆動アーム４７が反対方向に回動するとき（図５では駆動アーム４７が下動するとき）には、この爪４８は、従動ディスク４６の突起４６ａに係合しても逃げて従動ディスク４６を駆動アーム４７と一体回転させないというように、ラチット機構を構成している。
【００５９】
従って伝動ケース１８ｃからの駆動力が駆動アーム１９、支持リンク部２１、揺動リンク２２に順次伝動されて連結ロッド４３が動くと、連結ロッド４３に連動する駆動アーム４７が従動ディスク４６と一体回転するときに、該従動ディスク４６と一体回転する軸４５を介してスプロケット２９、２９を回転させることができる。
【００６０】
そして、従動ディスク４６を時計回り及び反時計回りの回り止めとして従動ディスク４６の突起４６ａに係合する二つの爪４９ａ、４９ｂをブラケット４４に設けている。なお、従動ディスク４６を一体的に回転するように駆動アーム４７が回動すると、前記ラチェット機構を構成する駆動アーム４７の爪４８が従動ディスク４６の突起４６ａに係合するのに先行して、駆動アーム４７と一体に設けた回り止め解除カム５０が、従動ディスク４６の一体回動を阻止するように回り止め作用をする爪４９ａの先端部を従動ディスク４６の突起４６ａと係合しない位置に移動させるようになっている。
【００６１】
そして、駆動アーム４７がそのストローク上限位置まで回動して、この駆動アーム４７と連動する従動ディスク４６が設定角度（図５では９０度）回動されると、いままで爪４９ａ、４９ａを突起４６ａ、４６ａと係合しない位置に移動させていた回り止め解除カム５０が前記回り止め用の爪４９ａから外れて、該回り止め用の爪４９ａは再び、従動ディスク４６の突起４６ａと係合して従動ディスク４６の回転が固定される。
【００６２】
こうして、苗植付け体４の一対の苗植付け挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂が下降するときは前記苗収容部２６・・・が停止し、前記苗植付け体４の苗植付け挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂が上昇するときは前記苗収容部２６・・・が移動するよう前記苗搬送部３を間欠駆動する。
【００６３】
また、苗植付け体４の苗植付け挟持具４ａ₁、４ａ₂が下降して苗を土壌中に植付けるときには苗収容部２６・・・が停止しているので、苗が円滑に苗収容部２６から取り出されて的確に苗を圃場に植付けることができる。
【００６４】
このように苗植付け体４又は該苗植付け体４に連結して動作する部材と前記苗搬送部３の駆動部４１を連動連結した構成としているため、本苗移植機は、苗植付け体４と苗搬送部３の駆動タイミングを容易にとることができ、しかも、苗搬送部３の駆動構成を簡潔なものにできる利点がある。
第一ケース部１８ａ上には補助の苗載置部６０を設けている。
【００６５】
以上の構成からなる本実施の形態の苗移植機では、その走行装置１により機体は自走し、その自走する機体の苗搬送部３に作業者から甘しょの苗が供給される。苗搬送部３は供給された苗を搬送し、そして、苗搬送部３によって搬送されてきた苗を苗植付け体４が圃場に植付ける。苗搬送部３は、苗収容部２６・・・を苗搬送方向Ｃに複数備え、この苗収容部２６・・・に甘しょ苗がその茎部が前後方向に向く姿勢で収容される。上部横搬送部３ａにより機体上部側で左右一方向に搬送される苗収容部２６・・・に作業者が苗を供給し、苗が供給された苗収容部２６・・・は、上部横搬送部３ａに続いて下降搬送部３ｂにより機体下方に搬送される。該下降搬送部３ｂにより搬送されてきた苗収容部２６・・・は、上昇搬送部３ｃにより機体上方に搬送されて前記上部横搬送部３ａの搬送始端側に戻る。
【００６６】
苗搬送部３は、甘しょ苗を茎部が前後方向に向く姿勢で収容する苗収容部２６・・・を苗搬送方向Ｃに複数備えるとともに、該苗収容部２６・・・を機体上部側で左右一方向に搬送する上部横搬送部３ａと、該上部搬送部３ａにより搬送されてきた苗収容部２６・・・を機体下方に搬送する下降搬送部３ｂと、該下降搬送部３ｂにより搬送されてきた苗収容部２６・・・を機体上方に搬送し、前記上部横搬送部３ａの搬送始端側に戻す上昇搬送部３ｃとを備え、前記苗植付け体４は、その苗植付け挟持具４ａ_１、４ａ_２を昇降動させる駆動アーム１９と連結し、前記下降搬送部３ｂにより搬送されてきた前記苗収容部２６に収容された苗の後端部に該苗収容部２６の後側で作用して苗を圃場に植付ける。
【００６７】
こうして、苗植付け体４が苗搬送部３の後側で植付け作動することになって、苗搬送部３の後側に立って歩きながら苗を苗搬送部３に供給する作業者から苗植付け体４の苗植付け状態が見えやすく、よって、苗搬送部３への苗供給作業が容易に行え、且つ、苗の植付け不良の発生を早期に気付くことができて作業性が良いものとなる。
【００６８】
また、苗植付け体４を昇降動する駆動部（駆動アーム１９、植付け伝動ケース１８の第三ケース部１８ｃ）を前記苗搬送部３で周回する苗収容部２６・・・の移動経路内側に配置しているので、空間の有効利用により機体の小型化が図れる。
【００６９】
本実施の形態の苗移植機は、前記下降搬送部３ｂから前記上昇搬送部３ｃに移行する間に機体下部側で苗収容部２６・・・を左右水平状に搬送する下部横搬送部３ｄを設け、該下部横搬送部３ｄに搬送されてきた苗収容部２６に収容された苗を前記苗植付け体４が圃場に植付ける構成としている。
【００７０】
従って、下降搬送部３ｂから上昇搬送部３ｃに移行する間（図示例では、下部右側スプロケット３１、３１と下部左側スプロケット３２、３２とで搬送される区間）で、下部横搬送部３ｄにより苗収容体２６・・・が機体下部側で左右水平状に搬送され、ここで苗収容部２６に収容された苗を苗植付け体が圃場に植付けることができる。
【００７１】
そのため、この苗移植機は、組付け時のずれ等によって苗植付け体４の苗への植付け作用時における苗収容部２６の位置がずれても、苗植付け体４は、移動経路中最下端に移動した状態で且つ同じ姿勢の状態にある苗収容部２６の苗を植付けられることになり、苗植付け状態の変化を極力少なくできる。
【００７２】
また、上部横搬送部３ａで苗収容体２６・・・が上方への開放部を有する形態なので、苗収容体２６・・・に苗を上方から容易に供給でき、しかも、苗収容体２６・・・が下降搬送部３ｂにより移動して、苗収容体２６の開放部が下方に向いた姿勢のときに苗植付け体４が苗収容体２６で搬送されてきた苗を圃場に植付けるので、上部横搬送部３ａで苗を載せる受け面２６ａと、隣接する苗収容体２６、２６とを仕切る面２６ｂ、２６ｂとを大きく形成しても、苗植付け体４の苗植付け挟持具４ａ_１、４ａ_２が下降して苗を植付けるときには邪魔になりにくく、苗収容体２６を上部横搬送部３ａで苗を供給しやすい形状に設定することが容易になり、作業性が良い。上記苗収容部２６の後端部に苗挟持体２７を取り付ける。
【００７３】
また、下降搬送部３ｂの苗収容体２６・・・の側方及び前記苗植付け体４が植付ける苗を収容した苗収容体２６の下方に苗収容体の開放部を覆うカバー体５２を設けたので、下降搬送部３ｂや苗植付け体４が作用する箇所でも適宜苗が支持されて適確に苗を搬送できるようになり、よって、苗の植付けが良好に持続できる。
【００７４】
前記カバー体５２は、その前部が上方に湾曲する形状に形成し、または弾性体で形成した構成としている。そのため、カバー体５２が接地していても圃場面を荒らさず、また、マルチフィルムが覆われていてもそのフィルムを破ることが生じにくいものとなり、良好な作業が行える。
【００７５】
苗搬送部３の下部横搬送部３ｄの下方に設けた苗の落下防止用のカバー体５２は、図１０（ａ）の斜視図に示すように該カバー体５２の後部を機体前後方向（矢印Ａ方向）にスライドできるように構成しても良い。カバー体５２の機体前後方向のスライド片５２ａはカバー体５２に対して機体前後方向にスライドできるように構成した要部側断面図を図１０（ｂ）に示す。また、図１０（ｃ）にはスライドできない従来技術のカバー体の要部側断面図を示す。
【００７６】
植付時期、品種によって苗の長さが異なるので、図１０に示す下部横搬送部３ｄの下方に苗の落下防止用のカバー体５２を設けた構成により、下部横搬送部３ｄの下方での苗の抜けの条件に合わせることができるため、精度の高い植付ができ、かつ、旋回時の苗のこぼれを防止することができる。すなわち、図１０（ｂ）に示す構成ではなるべく苗の端を支持することにより、苗抜けを良くし、植え付け精度を従来より高くすることができる。これに対して図１０（ｃ）に示す構成ではカバー体５２をスライドできないので、植え付け爪により苗を引く抜くときにカバー体５２があるので苗抜けが悪くなり、欠株率が高くなる。
【００７７】
また、図１に示すように、苗植付け体４の後方には、鎮圧輪６９と覆土鎮圧体６３が設けられている。
覆土鎮圧体６３は図３に示すように鎮圧体支持アーム６３ｂとその先端部に固定支持された接地体６３ａから構成され、鎮圧体支持アーム６３ｂは支持フレーム２３の内側部に回動自在に取付け、その回動軸まわりに鎮圧体支持アーム６３ｂと一体で回動するアーム７２の先端部に取り付けたローラーが、駆動アーム１９の駆動軸に一体回転するよう取り付けたカム７３にスプリング７４に付勢されて圧接し、駆動アーム１９の駆動回転と連動して、鎮圧体支持アーム６３ｂが上下回動して、鎮圧体６３が上下動する。
【００７８】
覆土鎮圧体６３の接地体６３ａは機体の進行に伴って苗が植え付けられた箇所の畝面を転動し、苗が植付けられた後の苗移植穴を埋め戻すと共に鎮圧するようになっている。
【００７９】
また、鎮圧輪６９は第一伝動ケース１８ａの横軸心まわりに回動自在に取り付けられた苗搬送部３と植付体４とを、該鎮圧輪６９を介して畝面に支持させると共に、機体の進行に伴って植え付けられた苗の左右両側方の畝面を転動し、苗が植付けられた後の苗移植穴の周囲の土を寄せて穴を埋め戻すと共に、鎮圧するようになっている。
【００８０】
なお、畝面の凹凸度に応じて鎮圧輪６９が機体に対し上下動すると、支持フレーム２３、第三伝動ケース１８ｃが第二伝動ケース１８ｂの横軸心まわりに上下回動し、よって、第三伝動ケース１８ｃと支持フレーム２３に支持された苗搬送部３と植付体４が上下動し、畝面に対する上下高さが一定になるようになっている。
【００８１】
前述のように植え付け体４の挟持部４ａは機体の進行に伴って、下降時に苗を左右から挟持して保持し、続いて苗を保持したまま下降して畝の土中に進入し、土中で機体進行方向の前側から後ろ側に向かって移動し、その移動後端部で苗を開放し、その後、前側斜め上方に向かって動作する（図１１の軌跡Ｔ’）。そのとき、つる状苗が船底植えや斜め植えのように前倒れ状態で土中に植付けられ、しかも、植付け体４が苗を開放した後、機体進行方向後側から前側斜め上方に向って上昇するので、苗が覆土されやすい状態となる。そして、覆土鎮圧体６３の接地体６３ａが、植付けられたつる状苗の土中の後端部より後側から前側の苗茎部上方の畝上面に接地して鎮圧するので、前倒れ状態で土中に植付けられたつる状苗の覆土鎮圧を適確に行え、更に、覆土鎮圧体６３の接地体６３ａが機体進行により地上に出ている苗を鎮圧する前に上昇するので、苗の地上部分を鎮圧してしまうこともない。従って、つる状苗を適確な姿勢で植付けられ、且つ、活着が良い植付けが可能となる。
【００８２】
また、畝上面をマルチフィルムで覆っている場合、接地体６３ａが弾性変形可能な状態で広い範囲の面で接地するため、マルチフィルム下方の土壌が大きく沈下する状態が生じにくく、このため、マルチフィルムと土壌面との間に高温の空気が多量に溜まってつる苗の生育に支障を与えるというような問題が発生しにくくなる。
【００８３】
また、本実施の形態の苗搬送部３の上部横搬送部３ａと下降搬送部３ｂと上昇搬送部３ｃとの間の空間を貫通して機体の水平制御レバー７５（図２）が運転手の手元まで伸びている。該機体の水平制御レバー７５は左右水平制御用の油圧シリンダ１５を作動させるものであり、前述の左右水平に対する機体の左右傾斜を検出するセンサ２４が設けられていない作業機に手動で機体を左右水平制御するための構成である。左右水平制御用の昇降油圧シリンダ１５が伸縮作動すると、前記天秤杆１３が、その左右中央部の昇降用油圧シリンダ１２のピストンロッド先端と連結する上下軸心周りに回動して左右の伝動ケース９、９を互い違いに上下動させ機体を左右に傾斜させ、機体を左右水平になるように作動させる。
【００８４】
前記のようにレバー７５を配置したので、苗搬送部３内の空間を効率的に利用して、レバー７５の操作部を作業時に操作しやすい位置、即ち苗搬送部３の後側の苗供給作業位置近傍に容易に配置できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の実施の形態の苗移植機の側面図。
【図２】図１の苗移植機の平面図。
【図３】図１の苗移植機の苗植付け体部分の拡大斜視図。
【図４】図１の苗移植機の苗植付け体部分の背面図。
【図５】図１の苗移植機の苗搬送部の駆動部を示す背面図。
【図６】図１の苗移植機の苗収容部の斜視図。
【図７】図１の苗移植機の苗収容部の別の例を示す斜視図（図７（ａ））、側面図（図７（ｂ））。
【図８】図１の苗移植機の苗収容部の別の例を示す斜視図（図８（ａ））、平面図（図８（ｂ））、側面図（図８（ｃ））。
【図９】図１の苗移植機の苗収容部の別の例を示す底面図（図９（ａ））、図９（ａ）の矢印Ａ方向からの矢視図（図９（ｂ））。
【図１０】図１の苗移植機の苗搬送部のアンダーカバーの斜視図（図１０（ａ））、その要部側断面図（図１０（ｂ））、従来技術のアンダーカバーの要部側断面図（図１０（ｃ））。
【図１１】図１の苗移植機の苗植付け体部分の先端部の軌跡を示す図。
【符号の説明】
１走行装置２操縦ハンドル
２ａグリップ部２ｂハンドルフレーム
３苗搬送部３ａ上部横搬送部
３ｂ下降搬送部３ｃ上昇搬送部
３ｄ下部横搬送部４苗植付け体
４ａ作用部（挟持部）４ａ１、４ａ２挟持具
４ｂ支持部４ｂ１、４ｂ２支持板
４ｃ１、４ｃ２開閉部材４ｄ１、４ｄ２円筒部
４ｅスプリング５エンジン（原動機）
６後輪７前輪
８ミッションケース９伝動ケース
１０、１７車軸１１アーム
１２昇降用油圧シリンダ１２ａピストンロッド
１３天秤杆１４ロッド
１５左右水平制御用油圧シリンダ１６前輪支持フレーム
１７車軸１８植付け伝動ケース
１８ａ第一ケース部１８ｂ第二ケース部
１８ｃ第三ケース部１８ｃ１駆動機構
１９駆動アーム２０駆動軸
２１支持リンク部２２揺動リンク
２３支持フレーム２３ａ支持フレーム管部
２４センサ２５支持軸
２６苗収容体（苗収容部）２６ａ受け板部
２６ｂ側板部２６ｃ取付穴
２７苗挟持体２７ａ挟持部材
２７ｃ穴２７ｄ取付具
２７ｅ作用体２７ｆ支持部材
２７ｇバネ体２８チェン
２９、３０、３１、３２スプロケット
３３支持パイプ３４、３５支持部材
３６、３７、３９、４０、４５軸３８支持プレート
４１駆動部４２連動リンク
４３連動ロッド４４ブラケット
４６従動ディスク４６ａ突起
４７駆動アーム４８、４９ａ、４９ｂ爪
５０回り止め解除カム５２カバー体
５２ａスライド片５４カム
５４ａ円盤５４ｂ１、５４ｂ２ボス部
５４ｃ１、５４ｃ２突起
５５連結リンク６０補助苗載置部
６３覆土鎮圧体６３ａ接地体
６３ｂ鎮圧体支持アーム６９鎮圧輪
７０鎮圧輪支持アーム７２板材
７２ａ突起７３カム
７４バネ７５水平制御レバー[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a seedling transplanter for planting vine seedlings such as sweet potato seedlings in a field.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3 below, a plurality of seedling storage units are provided by providing a plurality of seedling storage units for storing a traveling unit for self-running the aircraft and a vine seedling one by one in a posture facing the front-rear direction. A seedling transporting part that rotates around the axis in the front-rear direction in a row and transports the seedlings, and a seedling planting body that holds the vine seedlings transported by the seedling transporting part and plantes them in the field A seedling transplanter is known.
[0003]
Conventional sweet potato seedling transplanters plant seedlings shallowly and diagonally in the field toward the rear of the aircraft in the direction of travel. A method of using is known.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-4-36107
[0005]
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-4-36108
[0006]
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-4-58809
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The pair of conventional pressure-reducing wheels are attached obliquely so that the distance between them is narrower toward the lower part, and is biased downward by the weight of the work machine. After crushing the soil around the seedling transplant hole, it has a function of crushing the soil and covering it lightly.
[0008]
However, in the above-mentioned presser wheel, the field scene above the planted vine seedling is located between a pair of presser wheel, and the root part of the vine seedling and its vicinity can be sufficiently suppressed compared to other seedlings. There is a risk of not.
Moreover, when installing a multifilm, after planting a seedling by a seedling planting body, air easily accumulates between the multifilm and the soil below the multifilm, and the high temperature air sometimes hinders the growth of the seedling.
[0009]
An object of the present invention is to provide a seedling transplanting machine that can reliably suppress the soil above a vine seedling such as a sweet potato seedling after planting and plant the vine seedling in the soil.
Moreover, the subject of this invention is providing the seedling transplanting machine which does not become the disorder | damage | failure of seedling growth also when installing a multi film after planting vine seedlings, such as a sweet potato seedling, in soil. .
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention employs the following configuration in order to solve the above problems.
Invention of Claim 1 receives the vine seedling from the traveling device 1 which carries out the body self-propelled, the seedling conveyance part 3 which conveys the vine seedling for planting on this traveling apparatus 1, and this seedling conveyance part 3, In a seedling transplanting machine provided with a seedling planting body 4 to be planted in a field and a soil covering pressure suppressor 63 that covers and suppresses the upper surface of the vine seedling planted in the field, the seedling planting body 4 is hung by a pinching portion 4a at the tip thereof. While holding the seedlings, it penetrates into the soil of the field, moves through the soil from the front side to the rear side in the aircraft traveling direction, opens the seedlings in the soil at a predetermined location, and tilts forward from the rear side in the aircraft traveling direction It has a structure that moves upward and moves out of the soil, and the soil covering pressure reducing body 63 is used to press the field scene. Made of elastically deformable plate A grounding body 63a is provided, and the grounding body 63a is grounded from the rear side of the planted vine seedling to the upper surface of the shoot above the seedling stem at the time of planting the vine seedling. It is a seedling transplanting machine provided with the structure which moves so that it may rise away from a field scene, before contacting the vine seedling which has come out on the ground.
[0012]
[Operation and effect of the invention]
According to the invention of claim 1, after the vine-like seedlings are planted in the soil in a forward-turned state like a bottom planting or an oblique planting, and after the clamping part 4a of the planting body 4 releases the seedlings, the rear side in the aircraft traveling direction Since the seedling rises obliquely upward to the front side, the grounding body 63a of the crushed covering body 63 is in a state from the rear side to the front side from the rear end portion in the soil of the planted vine-like seedling. Since the pressure is reduced by grounding on the upper surface of the ridge above the seedling part, the vine-like seedlings planted in the soil in the forwardly tilted state can be properly covered, and further, the grounding body of the pressure suppression covering body 63 Since 63a rises before the seedlings that have come out on the ground are suppressed by the progress of the aircraft, the ground part of the seedlings is not suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to plant the vine-like seedlings in an appropriate posture and to have good survival.
[0013]
Also In the case where the upper surface of the ridge is covered with a multi-film, the grounding body 63a of the pressed-down covering soil body 63 is grounded in a wide range in a state where it can be elastically deformed. For this reason, it becomes difficult to generate the problem that a large amount of high-temperature air accumulates between the multifilm and the soil surface and hinders the growth of seedlings.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A seedling transplanter as an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a side view of a seedling transplanting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of the seedling transplanting machine of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a seedling transporting unit, a seedling transplanting body, and a suppressor of the seedling transplanting machine of FIG. FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the seedling transplanter shown in FIG. 1 as viewed from the rear side of the seedling transplanter with a part omitted.
[0015]
In the following description of the illustrated example, when referring to the front or rear, the side on which the steering handle 2 is disposed is referred to as the rear, and the opposite side, that is, the side on which the engine 5 is disposed is referred to as the front. When the term “right” or “left” is used, the right hand side is referred to as the right and the left hand side is referred to as the left when viewed from the operator standing at the rear of the body with the front side of the body as the front side.
[0016]
The seedling transplanting machine has a seedling transporting unit 3 for transporting sweet potato seedlings to a machine body provided with a traveling device 1 and a steering handle 2, and a seedling planting body 4 for planting seedlings transported by the seedling transporting unit 3 in a field. It is a seedling transplanter equipped with.
[0017]
In the illustrated example, the traveling device 1 includes an engine 5, a pair of left and right rear wheels 6 and 6 that are driven and rotated by transmission of the power of the engine 5, and left and right wheels that are rotatably supported in front of the wheels 6 and 6. A pair of front wheels 7 and 7 are provided.
[0018]
A transmission (transmission) case 8 is disposed at the rear of the engine 5, and the transmission (transmission) case 8 has a case portion extending from the left side of the engine 5 to the left side of the engine 5. It is connected. The output shaft of the engine 5 enters the case portion and power is transmitted to the transmission mechanism in the transmission (transmission) case 8. Transmission cases 9 and 9 are rotatably attached to the left and right sides of the transmission (transmission) case 8, and the transmission cases 9 and 9 are extended from the transmission (transmission) case 8 to the left and right outer sides at the center of rotation. The tip of the wheel drive shaft enters and transmits driving power to the transmission mechanism in the transmission cases 9 and 9. The traveling power is transmitted to the axles 10 and 10 projecting to the rear end side side through the transmission mechanism in the transmission cases 9 and 9, and is transmitted to the rear wheels 6 and 6. It is supposed to be.
[0019]
Further, upwardly extending arms 11, 11 are integrally attached to the attachment portions of the transmission cases 9, 9 to the transmission (transmission) case 8, and this is fixed to the transmission (transmission) case 8. The cylinder 12 is connected to the left and right side portions of a balance rod 13 that is rotatably attached to the tip of the piston rod of the cylinder 12 around the vertical axis. The right side of the connecting portion is connected by a rod 14, and the left side is connected by a left / right horizontal control hydraulic cylinder 15 which can be expanded and contracted.
[0020]
When the elevating hydraulic cylinder 12 is actuated and the piston rod 12a protrudes rearward, the left and right arms 11 and 11 are rotated rearward, and the transmission cases 9 and 9 are rotated downward accordingly. The aircraft rises. On the other hand, when the piston rod 12a of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 12 is retracted forward, the left and right arms 11 and 11 are rotated forward, and the transmission cases 9 and 9 are rotated upward accordingly. Descends. The lifting hydraulic cylinder 12 is configured to operate so that the fuselage becomes a set height with respect to the height of the heel surface based on the detection result of the sensor 24 (FIG. 1) that detects the height of the heel surface relative to the aircraft. In addition, the configuration is such that the airframe is raised or lowered by human operation of an operating tool arranged in the vicinity of the steering handle 2.
[0021]
Further, when the left / right horizontal control hydraulic cylinder 15 is expanded and contracted, the balance rod 13 is rotated around the vertical axis connected to the tip of the piston rod 12a of the lifting hydraulic cylinder 12 at the center of the left / right to rotate left / right. The transmission cases 9 and 9 are moved up and down alternately to incline the aircraft from side to side. The left / right horizontal control hydraulic cylinder 15 is configured to operate so that the airframe is horizontally horizontal based on the detection result of the sensor 24 that detects the left / right inclination of the airframe relative to the left / right horizontal.
[0022]
The left and right front wheels 7 and 7 are fixed to the side of the lower end portion of the arm portion that extends downward at the left and right side portions of the front wheel support frame 16 that is rotatably mounted around the axial center in the front-rear direction at the left and right center position below the engine 5. It is attached to the axles 17 and 17 rotatably. Accordingly, the left and right front wheels 7 and 7 are free to roll around the longitudinal center of the left and right center of the fuselage.
[0023]
The steering handle 2 is attached to a rear end portion of a handle frame 2b having a front end portion fixed to a transmission (transmission) case 8. The handle frame 2b is disposed at a position deviated from the left and right center of the machine body to the right and extends rearward, and extends obliquely rearward and upward from the front and rear intermediate portion. The steering handle 2 extends rearward left and right from the rear end portion of the handle frame 2b, and the rear end portions thereof serve as grip portions 2a and 2a of the steering handle 2. The left and right grip portions 2a, 2a of the steering handle 2 are set to an appropriate height so that the operator can easily grip the grip portions 2a, 2a with hands. In the illustrated example, the grip portions 2a and 2a are divided into left and right, but the left and right rear end portions of the steering handle 2 may be connected to each other on the left and right sides, and the connecting portion may be used as the grip portion.
[0024]
Although the traveling device 1 has a four-wheel configuration, the traveling device 1 may have a two-wheel configuration including only a pair of left and right drive wheels, or may be a pressure-reducing wheel that rolls on the upper surface instead of the front wheels. Moreover, it is good also as a crawler type traveling apparatus.
[0025]
Next, the seedling planting body 4 and the seedling transport unit 3 will be described.
The seedling planting body 4 is connected to a drive unit that moves the seedling planting action part 4a up and down, and the seedling planting action part 4a of the seedling planting body 4 (a pair of seedling planting clamps 4a) ₁ 4a ₂ ) Is configured to act on the seedlings transported by the seedling transporting unit 3 to plant the seedlings in the field.
[0026]
The drive unit that drives the seedling planting body 4 is provided in a planting transmission case 18 that includes a transmission mechanism that receives power for driving the seedling planting body 4 from the inside of the transmission (transmission) case 8. As shown in the figure, the planting transmission case 18 has a front portion connected to a rear portion of the transmission (transmission) case 8 and a first case portion 18a extending rearward and obliquely upward therefrom, and an upper left side of the first case portion 18a. A second case portion 18b that is pivotably attached to the left and right axial centers and extends to the left, and a third case portion 18c that is fixed to the left end of the second case portion 18b and extends obliquely downward. Is equipped with a transmission mechanism for transmitting power for driving the seedling planting body 4.
[0027]
Note that the transmission mechanism built in the first case portion 18a includes an intermittent drive mechanism that stops the seedling planting body 4 at a position where the seedling planting body 4 is moved up and down or in the vicinity thereof, a seedling planting body 4 and a seedling planting body. A clutch mechanism for stopping the operation of the transport unit 3. The time to stop by the intermittent drive mechanism is adjusted by a speed change mechanism provided in the intermittent drive mechanism, and the adjustment between the seedling planting stocks by the seedling planting body 4 is adjusted by this adjustment.
[0028]
The seedling planting body 4 is driven by being connected to a driving arm 19 that rotates as a driving portion thereof. The drive arm 19 is fixed to a drive shaft 20 that projects from the rear right side of the third case portion 18c and rotates. And the upper end part of the support link part 21 of the seedling planting body 4 is rotatably connected to the tip part of the drive arm 19, and the front end part of the swing link 22 is rotatably connected to the lower end part of the support link part 21. ing.
[0029]
The rear end portion of the swing link 22 is rotatably supported by a support shaft 25. One end portion of the support shaft 25 is rotatably supported by the rear end portion of the support frame 23 whose front portion is fixed to the third case portion 18c.
[0030]
Moreover, as shown in the enlarged perspective view of the seedling planting body 4 portion of FIG. 3, the seedling planting body 4 is composed of a pair of support plates 4b. ₁ 4b ₂ And a pair of seedling planting clamps 4a for clamping a seedling at the tip of the support 4b ₁ 4a ₂ And each plate 4b of the support plate support 4b ₁ 4b ₂ A pair of opening and closing members 4c that support the base of ₁ 4c ₂ And the opening / closing member 4c ₁ 4c ₂ Cylindrical part 4d provided on the base side with ₁ 4d ₂ It consists of. A pair of opening and closing members 4c ₁ 4c ₂ Are pivotably intersecting at the middle part thereof, and are usually the clamping tool 4a. ₁ 4a ₂ Is biased by a spring 4e in the closing direction. The cylindrical portion 4d ₁ 4d ₂ Are engaged with each other, and the other end is in contact with a cam 54 described later.
[0031]
The cam 54 connects the ends of the drive arm 19 and the support link portion 21, and the drive mechanism 18c in the transmission case 18c. ₁ The connecting link 55 that transmits the driving force to the swing link 22 is spline-engaged. The cam 54 is a boss portion 54b provided on both sides of the disk 54a. ₁ 54b ₂ And the boss 54b of the disk 54a ₁ 54b ₂ A pair of projections 54c provided outside ₁ 54c ₂ Consists of. Therefore, when the cam 54 rotates once by the driving force from the transmission case 18c, the protrusion 54c ₁ 54c ₂ The cylindrical part 4d of the seedling planting body 4 ₁ 4d ₂ Are in contact with each other, and a pair of opening and closing members 4c. ₁ 4c ₂ Act to open each other against the biasing force of the spring 4e, and the support plate 4b ₁ 4b ₂ A pair of clamps 4a ₁ 4a ₂ Opens.
[0032]
A pair of clamps 4a ₁ 4a ₂ After opening, a pair of seedling planting clamps 4a ₁ 4a ₂ The tip of the body moves in the closing direction, and holds the seedling. The support link part 21 at this time is the seedling planting clamp 4a. ₁ 4a ₂ It moves in the direction to embed the seedling pinched in the cocoon.
[0033]
Further, the pair of seedling planting clamps 4a of the seedling planting body 4 while the seedling transport unit 3 operates in the same direction as the direction in which the seedling is transported toward the field. ₁ 4a ₂ Therefore, there is no difficulty in handing over the seedling from the transport unit 3 to the seedling planting body 4, and there is almost no failure in handing over the seedling.
[0034]
A seedling planting clamp 4a that interlocks with the cam 54 after planting a seedling in the field (畝). ₁ 4a ₂ Releases the pinching of the seedling and moves in a direction away from the inside of the field. At this time, the projection 54c of the cam 54 ₁ 54c ₂ Depending on the attachment position of the disk 54a to the disk 54a, a pair of clamping tools 4a ₁ 4a ₂ The timing of opening is determined. A pair of holding tools 4a after planting seedlings in the field (畝) ₁ 4a ₂ Opens.
[0035]
Here, various types of cams 54 are prepared, and the cams 54 can be replaced according to the kind of seedlings, and planting suitable for each seedling can be performed. After the seedlings are planted in the field (畝), a pair of holding tools 4a ₁ 4a ₂ The timing of opening is determined.
[0036]
With the above-described configuration, when the drive arm 19 is driven and rotated, the seedling planting body 4 at the tip (lower end) of the seedling planting body 4 integrated with the support link 21 has a locus as shown in FIG. It will move by drawing T or trajectory T ′. A trajectory T as shown in FIG. 1 is a motion trajectory drawn by the seedling planting operation unit 4a with respect to the aircraft, and the trajectory T ′ is relative to the farm field when the aircraft is traveling forward at the set operation speed. It is the movement locus which the seedling planting action part 4a draws.
[0037]
The seedling transport unit 3 includes a plurality of seedling storage units 26 in the seedling transporting direction C (FIG. 4) for storing the sweet potato seedlings in a posture in which the stem part is directed in the front-rear direction. Upper horizontal transport unit 3a transported in one direction, descending transport unit 3b transporting the seedling storage unit 26 transported by the upper transport unit 3a to the lower part of the machine body, and seedling storage transported by the lower transport unit 3b And an ascending conveyance unit 3c that conveys the unit 26 upward to the machine body and returns it to the conveyance start end side of the upper horizontal conveyance unit 3a.
[0038]
The seedling container 26 is in the form of a bowl that is long in the front-rear direction, and a side plate that is a surface that partitions the receiving plate part 26a that serves as a receiving surface on which the seedlings are placed in the upper lateral transport unit 3a and the seedling containers 26 and 26 that are adjacent to each other. Parts 26b and 26b, and the upper horizontal conveying part 3a has an open part on the upper side. Moreover, although it is the shape open | released also forward and backward, the seedling clamping body 27 is attached to the rear part side.
[0039]
A plurality of seedling containers 26... Are attached to the chains 28 and 28, and the chains 28 and 28 are respectively provided on the left and right of the upper side of the machine body in pairs of front and rear, and the machine body. It is wound around sprockets 31, 31; 32, 32 provided in pairs on the left and right sides of the lower part. The left and right sprockets 29, 29; 30, 30 on the upper side of the machine body are attached to shafts 36, 37 supported by a support member 35. The support member 35 is fixed to a support pipe 33 fixed to the rear portion of the third case portion 18 c of the planting transmission case 18.
[0040]
Furthermore, in this seedling transplanting machine, as shown in FIG. 6, a seedling holding body 27, which is an arm-shaped support body having a U-shaped cross section, is detachably attached to the rear end of the bottom portion 26 a of the seedling container 26. To do.
[0041]
The seedling sandwiching body 27 is composed of sandwiching members 27a and 27a on one of the left and right sides, and is handed over to the seedling planting body 4 while sandwiching a vine seedling therebetween, but at least the sandwiching member 27a on the left and right side is transferred to the other sandwiching member 27a. It is comprised with the brush body B of the attitude | position which a hair end faces. The brush body B may be configured only on one of the left and right sides of the left and right clamping members 27a and 27a, or may be configured on both the left and right sides. The brush body B is made by planting bristles b1 made of vegetable fibers, animal hair, synthetic resin such as synthetic resin, or a thin fibrous body made of rubber onto a base member b2 made of a suitable plate material. It is a stand. The bristles b1 of the brush body B are appropriately elastically bent when the seedling is pushed into the hair tip portion of the brush body B, and even if the seedling comes into contact with the hair tip at this time, the seedling is not greatly damaged. It is suitably selected so as to have elasticity so that the seedling does not easily fall off when the base side portion of the seedling is sandwiched so that the hair tip portion of the brush body B is vertically divided.
[0042]
The seedling holding body 27 shown in FIG. 6 is a brush body in a posture in which the hair tips are directed to the holding member 27a on the lower side of the seedling container moving direction (arrow D direction) and the holding member 27a on the upper side of the seedling container moving direction D. In this example, the elastic member E is made of a synthetic material such as a foamed urethane resin that can be elastically deformed by an operator's finger touching the upper side of the seedling container moving direction D during the seedling clamping operation.
[0043]
When the seedling holding body 27 is configured as described above, when the worker holds the vine seedling with one hand and holds the vine seedling on the seedling holding body 27, it is placed on the base side portion of the vine seedling to be held by the seedling holding body 27. While attaching a finger and inserting the attached finger between the left and right holding members 27a and 27a, the base side portion of the vine seedling is pushed and held between the left and right holding members 27a and 27a. In addition, the pinching member 27a on at least one of the left and right sides of the seedling holding body 27 is configured by the brush body B in a posture in which the hair tip faces the other holding member 27a, so that the finger can be easily placed between the left and right holding members 27a and 27a. Moreover, the load on the fingers received from the holding members 27a and 27a at this time is light. Further, the base side portion of the vine seedling sandwiched between the seedling sandwiching bodies 27 is sandwiched between the top and bottom of the brush body B, so that the base side portion of the vine seedling is not only sandwiched left and right but also brushed It is in a state where it is also sandwiched between the hair tips of the body B, so that it is difficult for the seedling to fall off from the seedling sandwiching body 27. Therefore, the seedling holding work on the seedling holding body 27 can be performed lightly and easily and reliably with one hand, and the work efficiency can be improved.
[0044]
In the example shown in FIG. 7, a mounting hole 26 c is provided at the rear end of the bottom portion 26 a of the seedling container 26, a hole 27 c is provided at the base of the seedling holding body 27, and the mounting hole 26 c of the seedling container bottom 26 a An attachment tool 27d is provided by penetrating the attachment hole 27c of the seedling holding body 27, and a portion of the seedling holding part 26 side of the seedling held by the seedling holding body 27 is pushed down below the attachment tool 27d (disengaged from the seedling holding body 27). An action body 27e (moving in the direction) is provided. Since the diameters of the holes 26c and 27c are larger than the diameter of the fixture 27d, when the seedling container 26 comes to a position where the seedling is passed to the planted body 4, the action body 27e falls in a direction (arrow A) that falls downward by its own weight. Move and push the seedling stem downward as shown in FIG. 7 (b). The stem part of the seedling pressed downward is pinched by the action part 4a of the planting body 4, and is accurately taken out from the seedling pinching body 27 and reliably planted in the field.
[0045]
Further, in the configuration example of the seedling holding body 27 shown in FIG. 8 (FIG. 8A is a perspective view, FIG. 8B is a plan view, and FIG. 8C is a side view), the action body 27e of FIG. The seedling pressing action is configured to be operated by the operation of the planting body 4. That is, the U-shaped arm-shaped seedling removal arm 27e is rotatably supported by a support member 27f fixed to the side surface of the seedling holding body 27, and the seedling removal is performed at a position where the action part 4a of the lowered planting body 4 hits. One piece of the arm 27e is arranged. A spring body 27g is wound between a support member 27f on the side surface of the seedling holding body 27 and a U-shaped seedling removal arm 27e.
[0046]
When the action part 4a of the planting body 4 hits the seedling removal arm 27e, the seedling removal arm 27e was at the position (a) in FIGS. 8A and 8C against the urging force of the spring body 27g. By moving the arm 27e to the (B) position, the seedling can be easily detached from the seedling sandwiching body 27.
[0047]
As described above, when the planted body 4 takes out the seedling from the seedling holding part 26 side (front side) of the seedling sandwiched by the seedling sandwiching body 27, the acting body moves in a direction away from the seedling sandwiching body 27. 27e is provided, so that the seedlings accommodated in the seedling accommodating part 26 can be securely carried out by the seedling sandwiching body 27 until the planting body 4 takes out the seedlings, and there is little disturbance of the seedlings during the seedling transportation. In addition, when the planted body 4 takes out the seedling, the seedling is easily detached from the seedling holding body 27, and the seedling can be reliably planted.
[0048]
Moreover, since the action body 27e acts on the site | part by the side of the seedling accommodating part 26 of a seedling, there is little position shift of the site | part (rear end side site | part) which the planting body 4 clamps, Therefore, an effect | action like a present Example While the body 27e is provided, the seedling holding posture of the planted body 4 is not easily disturbed.
[0049]
As shown in the bottom view of FIG. 9A and the arrow view from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 9A of FIG. 9B, the brush body B provided on the seedling holding body 27 is formed of the seedling planting body 4. It can also be set as the structure which provided the function which removes the soil attached to the outer side of the action part 4a. At this time, the brush body B is attached to both of the holding members 27a and 27a, and the interval is kept relatively wide.
[0050]
When the action part 4a of the planting body 4 sandwiches the seedling, the action part 4a passes through the inside of the brush body B, so that the seedling can be more securely sandwiched and stable seedling can be sandwiched at the same time. The soil attached to the outside of the working portion 4a can be removed. In addition, the brush body B can be used as a mark for supplying the seedling to the seedling sandwiching body 27 so that the end of the seedling is aligned with the tip of the brush body B.
[0051]
Further, the support frame 23 is disposed so as to penetrate through the inside of the rear view triangle formed by the sprocket group of the seedling transport unit 3, and supports the pressure reducing wheel 69 together with the third case 18c. Accordingly, the seedling transport unit 3 is supported by the third case 18c and the pressure-reducing wheel 69 that is in contact with the farm field, and is arranged in an inclined manner in a side view as shown in FIG.
[0052]
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, the seedling transport unit 3 overlaps above the rear wheel 6 (circle A in FIG. 2), and it becomes easy for an operator to walk close to the seedling transport unit 3. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the rear wheel 6 can be arranged in the empty space of the seedling transport unit 3 that is triangular in a rear view, and the front and rear length of the machine body can be shortened by the presence of the overlap portion, and the seedling transport unit 3 can be configured so as not to interfere with the rear wheel 6.
[0053]
Further, since the seedling transport unit 3 and the planting body 4 are floating up and down in the range of the arrow S in FIG. 1 around the horizontal axis of the second transmission case 18b serving as a pivotal support point of the transmission case 18c, At the time of planting, the seedling transport unit 3 is in a backward tilted posture so that the stem portion of the seedling can always be brought as close as possible to the surface of the seedling, so that the planting failure of the seedling can be eliminated and good planting can be performed.
[0054]
Further, the grounding body 63a of the pressure-reducing wheel 69 and the soil covering pressure-reducing body 63 is a clamping tool 4a of the seedling planting body 4. ₁ 4a ₂ Immediately after the plant leaves the field, the field at the seedling planting position is pressed down, so that seedling planting can be ensured. The pressure-reducing wheel 69 and the soil covering pressure-reducing body 63 will be described in detail later.
[0055]
The left and right sprockets 31, 31; 32, 32 on the lower body side of the seedling transport unit 3 are supported by a support plate 38 fixed to a support frame 23 whose front part is fixed to the third case part 18 c of the planting transmission case 18. 39 and 40 are attached. The upper right sprockets 29 and 29 are driven by the drive unit 41 so that the seedling transport unit 3 is driven so that the seedling container 26 moves in the set transport direction C.
[0056]
And the drive part 41 of the seedling conveyance part 3 is interlockingly connected via the interlocking rod 43 which rocks | fluctuates up and down integrally with the member 22 which is connected to the seedling planting body 4 and operates. Moreover, the seedling planting clamp 4a of the seedling planting body 4 ₁ 4a ₂ When the seedling descends, the seedling container 26 stops, and the seedling planting clamp 4a of the seedling planting body 4 ₁ 4a ₂ As the seedling rises, the seedling transport unit 3 is intermittently driven so that the seedling storage unit 26 moves.
[0057]
The specific structure of the drive part 41 of the seedling conveyance part 3 is a structure as shown in FIG. 5, for example. First, the shaft 45 supported by the bracket 44 fixed to the rear end portion of the support pipe 33 is connected to the rear portion of the shaft 36 that is attached so as to rotate integrally with the upper right sprockets 29, 29 via a shaft coupling. A driven disk 46 with a protrusion 46a attached to the shaft 45 so as to rotate integrally is attached. A drive arm 47 is rotatably attached to the shaft 45 on the rear side of the driven disk 46, and an upper end portion of the connecting rod 43 is rotatably attached to a tip end portion of the drive arm 47.
[0058]
The drive arm 47 is provided with a claw 48 that engages with the protrusion 46 a of the driven disk 46, and the claw 48 is operated by the sprocket 29 so that the drive arm 47 is operated in the set conveyance direction C of the seedling conveyance unit 3. , 29 is rotated in the direction to drive and rotate (when the drive arm 47 moves upward in FIG. 5), the driven disk 46 is engaged with and fixed to the protrusion 46a of the driven disk 46, and the driven disk 46 is rotated together with the drive arm 47. Let When the drive arm 47 rotates in the opposite direction (when the drive arm 47 moves downward in FIG. 5), the claw 48 escapes even if it engages with the protrusion 46a of the driven disk 46, and moves the driven disk 46 away. The ratchet mechanism is configured so as not to rotate integrally with the drive arm 47.
[0059]
Therefore, when the driving force from the transmission case 18c is sequentially transmitted to the driving arm 19, the support link portion 21, and the swing link 22, and the connecting rod 43 moves, the driving arm 47 interlocked with the connecting rod 43 rotates together with the driven disk 46. Then, the sprockets 29 and 29 can be rotated via the shaft 45 that rotates integrally with the driven disk 46.
[0060]
The bracket 44 is provided with two claws 49a and 49b that engage the protrusions 46a of the driven disk 46 with the driven disk 46 being prevented from rotating clockwise and counterclockwise. When the drive arm 47 rotates so as to rotate the driven disk 46 integrally, prior to the claw 48 of the drive arm 47 constituting the ratchet mechanism engaging the protrusion 46a of the driven disk 46, A detent release cam 50 provided integrally with the drive arm 47 is located at a position where the tip of the claw 49a that prevents the rotation of the driven disk 46 from engaging with the protrusion 46a of the driven disk 46 is prevented. It is designed to move.
[0061]
Then, when the drive arm 47 is rotated to the stroke upper limit position and the driven disk 46 interlocked with the drive arm 47 is rotated by a set angle (90 degrees in FIG. 5), the claws 49a and 49a are projected until now. The detent release cam 50 that has been moved to a position not engaged with 46a, 46a is detached from the detent pawl 49a, and the detent pawl 49a is again engaged with the protrusion 46a of the driven disk 46. Thus, the rotation of the driven disk 46 is fixed.
[0062]
Thus, the pair of seedling planting clamps 4a of the seedling planting body 4 ₁ 4a ₂ When the seedling descends, the seedling container 26 stops and the seedling planting clamp 4a of the seedling planting body 4 is stopped. ₁ 4a ₂ When the seedling rises, the seedling conveying section 3 is intermittently driven so that the seedling accommodating section 26.
[0063]
Moreover, the seedling planting clamp 4a of the seedling planting body 4 ₁ 4a ₂ When the seedling is lowered and the seedlings are planted in the soil, the seedling container 26 is stopped, so that the seedlings can be smoothly taken out from the seedling container 26 and can be accurately planted in the field.
[0064]
Since the seedling transplanter 4 or the member that operates by being connected to the seedling transplanter 4 and the drive unit 41 of the seedling transport unit 3 are linked to each other, the seedling transplanter includes the seedling transplanter 4 and the seedling transplanter 4. There is an advantage that the drive timing of the seedling transport unit 3 can be easily taken, and the drive configuration of the seedling transport unit 3 can be simplified.
An auxiliary seedling placement portion 60 is provided on the first case portion 18a.
[0065]
In the seedling transplanting machine of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, the machine body is self-propelled by the traveling device 1, and sweet potato seedlings are supplied from the operator to the seedling conveyance unit 3 of the self-propelled machine body. The seedling transport unit 3 transports the supplied seedlings, and the seedling planting body 4 plants the seedlings transported by the seedling transport unit 3 in the field. The seedling transport section 3 includes a plurality of seedling storage sections 26... In the seedling transport direction C, and the sweet potato seedlings are stored in the seedling storage sections 26. An operator supplies seedlings to a seedling storage unit 26... Which is transported in one direction left and right by the upper horizontal transport unit 3 a on the upper side of the machine body, and the seedling storage unit 26. Following the part 3a, the sheet is conveyed downward by the descending conveyance part 3b. The seedling storage portions 26... That have been transported by the descending transport unit 3b are transported upward by the ascending transport unit 3c and returned to the transport start end side of the upper lateral transport unit 3a.
[0066]
The seedling transport unit 3 includes a plurality of seedling storage units 26... In the seedling transport direction C for storing the sweet potato seedlings in a posture in which the stem part is directed in the front-rear direction, and the seedling storage unit 26. The upper horizontal transport unit 3a that transports in one left and right direction, the lowering transport unit 3b that transports the seedling storage unit 26 ... transported by the upper transport unit 3a to the lower side of the machine body, and the lower transport unit 3b The seedling container 26 is transported to the upper part of the machine body, and the ascending transport part 3c is returned to the transport start end side of the upper lateral transport part 3a. The seedling planting body 4 is a seedling planting clamp 4a. ₁ 4a ₂ Is connected to the drive arm 19 that moves up and down, and acts on the rear end of the seedling accommodated in the seedling accommodating part 26 conveyed by the descending conveying part 3b on the rear side of the seedling accommodating part 26 to produce the seedling. Plant in the field.
[0067]
In this way, the seedling planting body 4 is operated to be planted on the rear side of the seedling transporting unit 3, and the seedling planting body is supplied from an operator who supplies the seedlings to the seedling transporting unit 3 while walking while standing on the rear side of the seedling transporting unit 3. The seedling planting state 4 can be easily seen, so that the seedling supply operation to the seedling transport section 3 can be easily performed, and the occurrence of seedling planting failure can be noticed at an early stage, and the workability is improved.
[0068]
Moreover, the drive part (the drive arm 19 and the 3rd case part 18c of the planting transmission case 18) which raises / lowers the seedling planting body 4 is arrange | positioned inside the movement path | route of the seedling accommodating part 26 ... which goes around by the said seedling conveyance part 3. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size of the fuselage through effective use of space.
[0069]
The seedling transplanting machine according to the present embodiment includes a lower lateral transport unit 3d that transports the seedling storage part 26... Horizontally in the horizontal direction on the lower side of the machine body while moving from the descending transport unit 3b to the ascending transport unit 3c. The seedling planting body 4 is configured to plant the seedlings housed in the seedling housing part 26 that has been provided and transported to the lower lateral transporting part 3d in the field.
[0070]
Therefore, during the transition from the descending conveyance unit 3b to the ascending conveyance unit 3c (in the illustrated example, the section conveyed by the lower right sprocket 31, 31 and the lower left sprocket 32, 32), the lower horizontal conveyance unit 3d accommodates the seedling. The bodies 26... Are transported horizontally horizontally on the lower side of the machine body, and the seedling planting body can plant the seedlings housed in the seedling housing part 26 here.
[0071]
Therefore, even if the position of the seedling container 26 is shifted during the planting operation of the seedling planting body 4 on the seedling due to a shift during assembly, the seedling transplanting body 4 is placed at the lowermost end in the movement path. The seedlings in the seedling container 26 that are in the moved state and in the same posture can be planted, and changes in the seedling planting state can be minimized.
[0072]
In addition, since the seedling container 26... Has an upper open portion in the upper lateral transport unit 3 a, the seedling can be easily supplied from above to the seedling container 26. When the seedling planting body 4 is transferred by the descending transport unit 3b and the seedling planting body 4 is transported by the seedling housing body 26 when the open portion of the seedling body body 26 is oriented downward, Even if the receiving surface 26a on which the seedlings are placed in the upper lateral transport unit 3a and the surfaces 26b, 26b that partition the adjacent seedling containers 26, 26 are formed large, the seedling planting clamp 4a of the seedling planting body 4 ₁ 4a ₂ When the seedling descends and planting seedlings, it is difficult to disturb the seedling container 26, and it is easy to set the seedling container 26 in a shape in which the seedlings can be easily supplied by the upper lateral transport unit 3a, and the workability is good. A seedling sandwiching body 27 is attached to the rear end portion of the seedling container 26.
[0073]
Further, a cover body 52 that covers the open portion of the seedling container is provided on the side of the seedling container 26... Of the descending conveyance unit 3 b and below the seedling container 26 that stores the seedling planted by the seedling planting body 4. Therefore, the seedlings are appropriately supported even at the places where the descending conveyance unit 3b and the seedling planting body 4 act, so that the seedlings can be conveyed accurately, and thus the seedling planting can be favorably sustained.
[0074]
The cover body 52 is formed in a shape in which a front portion thereof is curved upward or is formed of an elastic body. Therefore, even if the cover body 52 is grounded, the farm scene is not roughened, and even if the multi-film is covered, the film is not easily broken, and good work can be performed.
[0075]
As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 10 (a), the cover body 52 for preventing the seedling from falling is provided below the lower lateral transport section 3d of the seedling transport section 3 and the rear portion of the cover body 52 is arranged in the front-rear direction (arrow). You may comprise so that it can slide to (A direction). FIG. 10B is a sectional side view of the main part of the cover body 52 configured so that the slide piece 52a in the longitudinal direction of the machine body can slide relative to the cover body 52 in the longitudinal direction of the machine body. FIG. 10 (c) shows a side sectional view of a main part of a conventional cover body that cannot slide.
[0076]
Since the length of the seedling varies depending on the planting time and variety, the structure in which the cover body 52 for preventing the fall of the seedling is provided below the lower horizontal transport unit 3d shown in FIG. Since it can be adapted to the conditions of seedling removal, it is possible to plant with high accuracy and prevent seedling spillage during turning. That is, in the configuration shown in FIG. 10B, by supporting the end of the seedling as much as possible, the seedling omission can be improved, and the planting accuracy can be made higher than before. On the other hand, since the cover body 52 cannot be slid in the configuration shown in FIG. 10C, the seedling omission becomes worse because the cover body 52 is present when the seedling is pulled out by the planting claws, and the stock removal rate increases.
[0077]
As shown in FIG. 1, a pressure reducing wheel 69 and a soil covering pressure reducing body 63 are provided behind the seedling planting body 4.
As shown in FIG. 3, the soil covering pressure-reducing body 63 is composed of a pressure-reducing body support arm 63b and a grounding body 63a fixedly supported at the tip thereof, and the pressure-reducing body support arm 63b is rotatably attached to the inner side of the support frame 23. The roller attached to the tip of the arm 72 that rotates together with the pressure suppressor support arm 63b around the rotating shaft urges the spring 74 to the cam 73 that is attached to rotate integrally with the driving shaft of the driving arm 19. Then, in pressure contact with the drive rotation of the drive arm 19, the pressure suppression body support arm 63b rotates up and down, and the pressure suppression body 63 moves up and down.
[0078]
The grounding body 63a of the covering soil pressure-reducing body 63 rolls on the surface of the place where the seedling is planted as the aircraft advances, refills the seedling transplanting hole after the seedling is planted, and suppresses pressure. .
[0079]
In addition, the pressure-reducing wheel 69 supports the seedling transport unit 3 and the planting body 4 that are rotatably attached around the horizontal axis of the first transmission case 18a on the heel surface via the pressure-reducing wheel 69, and As the aircraft progresses, it rolls on the left and right sides of the seedling planted, and the soil around the seedling transplant hole after the seedling has been planted is brought back to fill the hole and repressed. ing.
[0080]
When the pressure reducing wheel 69 moves up and down relative to the airframe according to the unevenness of the surface, the support frame 23 and the third transmission case 18c rotate up and down around the horizontal axis of the second transmission case 18b. The seedling transport unit 3 and the planted body 4 supported by the three transmission cases 18c and the support frame 23 move up and down so that the vertical height with respect to the heel surface is constant.
[0081]
As described above, the holding part 4a of the planting body 4 holds and holds the seedlings from the left and right when the aircraft is lowered, and then descends while holding the seedlings and enters the soil of the straw. It moves from the front side to the rear side in the aircraft traveling direction, releases the seedlings at the rear end of the movement, and then operates obliquely upward on the front side (trajectory T ′ in FIG. 11). At that time, the vine-like seedlings are planted in the soil in a forward-turned state like a bottom planting or diagonal planting, and after the planting body 4 has released the seedlings, it rises from the rear side in the aircraft traveling direction diagonally upward to the front side Therefore, the seedling is easily covered with soil. And since the grounding body 63a of the soil covering pressure suppressor 63 is grounded and pressed down from the rear end portion in the soil of the planted vine-shaped seedling to the upper surface of the heel above the seedling stem portion on the front side, The vine-like seedlings planted in the soil can be properly covered with soil, and the grounding body 63a of the soil-covering body 63 rises before the seedlings appearing on the ground as the aircraft progresses. The part is not suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to plant the vine-like seedlings in an appropriate posture and to have good survival.
[0082]
In addition, when the upper surface of the ridge is covered with a multi-film, the grounding body 63a is grounded on a wide range of surfaces in a state where it can be elastically deformed, so that it is difficult for the soil below the multi-film to sink greatly. A problem such that a large amount of high-temperature air accumulates between the film and the soil surface and hinders the growth of vine seedlings is less likely to occur.
[0083]
Further, the horizontal control lever 75 (FIG. 2) of the fuselage penetrates the space between the upper horizontal conveyance unit 3a, the lowering conveyance unit 3b, and the ascending conveyance unit 3c of the seedling conveyance unit 3 of the present embodiment, and the driver It extends to the hand. The horizontal control lever 75 of the airframe operates the hydraulic cylinder 15 for horizontal control of the left and right, and manually moves the airframe to the working machine not provided with the sensor 24 for detecting the left / right inclination of the airframe relative to the left / right horizontal. This is a configuration for horizontal control. When the elevating hydraulic cylinder 15 for horizontal control is extended and contracted, the balance rod 13 rotates around the vertical axis connected to the tip of the piston rod of the elevating hydraulic cylinder 12 at the center of the left and right, and the left and right transmission cases. 9 and 9 are moved up and down alternately to incline the aircraft to the left and right to operate the aircraft to be horizontal.
[0084]
Since the lever 75 is disposed as described above, the space in the seedling transport unit 3 is efficiently used, and the operation unit of the lever 75 is easily operated during work, that is, the seedling supply on the rear side of the seedling transport unit 3 It can be easily placed near the work position.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a seedling transplanter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the seedling transplanter of FIG.
3 is an enlarged perspective view of a seedling planting body portion of the seedling transplanting machine of FIG. 1; FIG.
4 is a rear view of a seedling planting body portion of the seedling transplanting machine in FIG. 1; FIG.
5 is a rear view showing a drive unit of a seedling transport unit of the seedling transplanter of FIG. 1. FIG.
6 is a perspective view of a seedling container of the seedling transplanter of FIG.
FIG. 7: Seedling transplanter of FIG. Seedling Containment Another example A perspective view (FIG. 7A) and a side view (FIG. 7B).
FIG. 8 is a seedling transplanter of FIG. Seedling Containment Another example A perspective view (FIG. 8A), a plan view (FIG. 8B), and a side view (FIG. 8C).
FIG. 9 shows the seedling transplanter of FIG. Show another example of seedling storage A bottom view (FIG. 9A) and an arrow view from the direction of arrow A in FIG. 9A (FIG. 9B).
10 is a perspective view (FIG. 10 (a)) of an undercover of a seedling transporting part of the seedling transplanting machine of FIG. 1, a side sectional view (FIG. 10 (b)) thereof, and a main part of a conventional undercover. Side sectional view (FIG. 10C).
11 is a view showing a locus of a tip portion of a seedling planting body portion of the seedling transplanting machine of FIG. 1; FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Traveling device 2 Control handle
2a Grip part 2b Handle frame
3 Seedling transport section 3a Upper horizontal transport section
3b Lowering conveyance part 3c Ascending conveyance part
3d Lower horizontal transport section 4 Seedling planting body
4a Action part (clamping part) 4a1, 4a2 Clamping tool
4b Support part 4b1, 4b2 Support plate
4c1, 4c2 Open / close member 4d1, 4d2 Cylindrical portion
4e Spring 5 Engine (Motor)
6 Rear wheel 7 Front wheel
8 Mission case 9 Transmission case
10, 17 Axle 11 Arm
12 Lifting hydraulic cylinder 12a Piston rod
13 Balance 14 Rod
15 Hydraulic cylinder for left / right horizontal control 16 Front wheel support frame
17 Axle 18 Planting transmission case
18a First case part 18b Second case part
18c Third case portion 18c1 Drive mechanism
19 Drive arm 20 Drive shaft
21 Support link 22 Swing link
23 Support frame 23a Support frame tube
24 sensor 25 support shaft
26 Seedling container (Seedling Containment Department) 26a Receiving plate part
26b Side plate part 26c Mounting hole
27 Seedling sandwiching body 27a Holding member
27c hole 27d fitting
27e Actuator 27f Support member
27g Spring body 28 Chain
29, 30, 31, 32 Sprocket
33 Support pipe 34, 35 Support member
36, 37, 39, 40, 45 Axis 38 Support plate
41 drive unit 42 interlocking link
43 Interlocking rod 44 Bracket
46 Driven disk 46a Protrusion
47 Drive arm 48, 49a, 49b Claw
50 Non-rotating release cam 52 Cover body
52a slide piece 54 cam
54a Disc 54b1, 54b2 Boss
54c1, 54c2 protrusion
55 Connecting link 60 Auxiliary seedling placement part
63 Soil cover material 63a Grounding body
63b Suppression body support arm 69 Suppression wheel
70 Presser wheel support arm 72 Plate material
72a protrusion 73 cam
74 Spring 75 Horizontal control lever

Claims

A traveling device 1 that self-propels the aircraft, a seedling transport unit 3 that transports vine seedlings for planting on the traveling device 1, a seedling planting body 4 that receives the vine seedlings from the seedling transporting unit 3 and plants them in the field In the seedling transplanting machine provided with the covering soil pressure-reducing body 63 for covering and suppressing the upper surface of the vine seedling planted in the field,
The seedling planting body 4 penetrates into the soil of the field while holding the vine seedling with the pinching portion 4a at the tip, and moves in the soil from the front side to the rear side in the aircraft traveling direction and hangs in the soil at a predetermined location. Opening the seedlings, equipped with a configuration to move upward and obliquely upward from the rear side of the aircraft traveling direction to move out of the soil,
The soil covering pressure-reducing body 63 includes a grounding body 63a formed of an elastically deformable plate for pressing a field scene, and the grounding body 63a is the rear end of the planted vine seedling when the planting body 4 is planted. From the rear side to the upper surface of the pod above the front seedling stalk, and equipped to move away from the field scene before coming into contact with the vine seedling on the ground as the aircraft progresses Characteristic seedling transplanter.