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JP4019646B2 - Cylindrical conductive substrate for electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic photoreceptor - Google Patents
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JP4019646B2 - Cylindrical conductive substrate for electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic photoreceptor - Google Patents

Cylindrical conductive substrate for electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic photoreceptor Download PDF

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JP4019646B2
JP4019646B2 JP2001069629A JP2001069629A JP4019646B2 JP 4019646 B2 JP4019646 B2 JP 4019646B2 JP 2001069629 A JP2001069629 A JP 2001069629A JP 2001069629 A JP2001069629 A JP 2001069629A JP 4019646 B2 JP4019646 B2 JP 4019646B2
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conductive substrate
electrophotographic photosensitive
photosensitive member
vibration
cylindrical conductive
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JP2002268253A (en
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将 田口
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Mitsubishi Chemical Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、その硬度や肉厚、径等を制御し、ノイズを防止した電子写真感光体用円筒状導電性基体(以下単に「円筒状導電性基体」、「導電性基体」とも言う。)、およびそれを用いた電子写真感光体に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電子写真感光体は、複写機、ファクシミリ、プリンターなどの画像形成装置に組み込まれて画像形成のために利用される。円筒状の電子写真感光体を用いて画像を形成する場合、露光、現像等のプロセスにおいて、電子写真感光体がその両端を保持されつつ回転する。その場合に、クリーニングブレードや現像ローラーといった感光体に当接する部材との擦れにより異常振動が発生し、音鳴りや画像ノイズが生じることがある。
【0003】
このような問題を解決すべく、例えば、特開平10−104999号公報や、特開平5−188839号公報、特開平8−202204号公報にあるように、電子写真感光体用円筒状導電性基体内に充填物を基体内部全体につめて異常振動を防止する技術がある。
【0004】
また、特開平5−197321号公報や特開平5−35167号公報に記載されるように、所定の大きさのおもりを充填して円筒状電子写真感光体の回転を安定させ、異常振動を防止しようとする技術がある。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来は、異常振動の問題を解決するために、上記のように円筒状基体内に充填物を充填することが望ましいと考えられていた。
しかしながら、これら従来の技術によれば、充填物やおもりを電子写真感光体内に挿入しなければならず、充填物分の費用が高くなるのみならず、充填物を電子写真感光体内に挿入する手間がかかるという問題がある。
また、特に基体の径が小さい場合には、電子写真感光体の固有振動数が高いことに関係すると考えられるが充填物による防振効果が不十分となりやすく、寸法的な制約から充填物の選択適用範囲も狭くなる点からも、十分な防振効果を得にくい場合が多い。
また、異常振動のするような電子写真感光体においては、画像形成時に電子写真感光体が振動することに起因すると思われる画像欠陥が生ずるという問題がある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、電子写真感光体内に充填物やおもりを入れることなく、所定の円筒状導電性基体を用いることで、上記円筒状電子写真感光体における異常振動の問題を解消するものである。すなわち、上記課題は電子写真感光体に用いられる円筒状導電性基体であって、その硬度がビッカース硬度39HV以下であり、円筒状導電性基体の肉厚が0.75mm〜1.75mmであり、かつ振動減衰率が8×10 -4 以上である円筒状導電性基体、および該円筒状導電性基体を用いた電子写真感光体により解決される。このような円筒状導電性基体であれば、たとえ振動が発生した場合であっても、振動減衰率が大きいので、音なりが迅速に解消されるのである。また、好ましい素材を選択することにより異常振動を防止し、又は好適な電子写真特性を示す電子写真感光体を得ることができるのである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明を詳細に説明する。
【0008】
導電性基体としては種々公知のものが使用できる。例えば、アルミニウム合金、銅、ニッケル、ステンレススチール等の金属ドラムなどが挙げられる。これらの中でもアルミニウム合金が好ましい。導電性基体は、陽極酸化処理が施されていてもい。
【0009】
アルミニウム合金としては、公知のものを用いることができ、特に1000番系、3000番系、5000番系、6000番系のものが好ましい。これらの中で、成形加工性の面より3000番系、5000番系又は6000番系のものがより好ましく、画像欠陥を減らす意味から5005番系、6063番系のものが更に好ましい。
【0010】
電子写真感光体に用いられるアルミニウム合金製の導電性基体は、通常押し出し、引き抜き加工することで大凡の形状に成形されるが、成形後は追加熱処理を行わずに加工硬化だけの状態で使用される場合がほとんどである。これは、そのままでも特に強度や材料組織に問題が生じないことや、熱処理分のコストを抑える理由によるが、軟化熱処理を施し適度に硬度を下げることにより、振動減衰率を向上させ、異常振動を効果的に防止することが可能となる。
【0011】
導電性基体の硬度としては画像形成装置において電子写真感光体として用いられる際に、へこみ等が起こらない硬度が必要であることは勿論であるが、硬度が高すぎると振動減衰率が低くなり好ましくないため、ビッカース硬度が45HV以下のものが好ましく、42HV以下であればより好ましく、40HV以下であればさらに好ましく、39HV以下であれば特に好ましい。
【0012】
導電性基体の肉厚によっても振動の状況が変化する。導電性基体の肉厚としては、0.75mm〜2mmが好ましく、0.8mm〜1.75mmであればより好ましく、0.85mm〜1.2mm又は1.3mm〜1.6mmであれば更に好ましく、0.9mm〜1.1mm又は1.4mm〜1.55mmであれば特に好ましい。肉厚があまりに薄いと、強度が保てず、また加工時の残留応力の開放による精度悪化の問題が発生し、あまりに厚いと材料費が高くなる等の問題が生ずるからである。
【0013】
導電性基体の径(直径)によっても振動の状況が変化する。特に、径が小さな場合に振動の問題が生ずるが、本発明によればこのような場合に特に有効に用いられる。導電性基体の径としては、16mm〜50mmが好ましく、20mm〜45mmであればより好ましく、25mm〜30mmであれば特に好ましい。
【0014】
音なりは、振動減衰率が高い場合ほど早く減衰し消滅するため、導電性基体の振動減衰率が高い方が好ましい。振動減衰率は、アルミニウム合金を用いるとある一定以上にはならないが、振動減衰率が8×10-4以上であることが好ましく、振動減衰率が9×10-4以上であればより好ましく、振動減衰率が1×10-3以上であれば更に好ましく、振動減衰率が1.2×10-3以上であれば特に好ましい。
なお、本明細書において振動減衰率とは、宙吊りにした基体の中央部に衝撃力を加えた際に発生する基体の振動音を集音装置にて取り込み、減衰する音強度より計算したものを意味する。具体的には、ある時点での音強度をX[t0]、t秒後の音強度をX[t0+t]、音の基幹周波数をf[Hz]としたときに、
1/(2πft)・ln(X[t0]/X[t0+t])
にて表される値とする。なお、基幹周波数とは、複数存在する振動周波数成分のうち、最も減衰が遅い周波数成分を意味する。
【0015】
本発明の着目する振動は、円筒の周方向の環振動成分が支配的であり、長さ方向の面振動や梁振動成分はあまり発現せず、導電性基体の長さによってはそれほど振動の状況が変化しない。本発明は、特に小さな電子写真感光体に好適に用いられるため、円筒状導電性基体の長さとしては、A4〜A3用紙に相当する230mm〜400mmが挙げられる。
【0016】
なお、本発明の導電性基体と併せて従来技術の欄に記載した文献に記載されるような充填物又はおもりを導電性基体内につめて用いることも本発明の好ましい実施の態様の一つである。
【0017】
本発明の電子写真感光体は、上述のような導電性基体の上に感光層が形成される。感光層は、電荷発生層と電荷移動層をこの上に積層した積層型のものが好適に用いられる。電荷発生層には、電荷発生物質が含まれ、さらに結着樹脂等が含まれる。電荷移動層には、電荷移動物質と結着樹脂が含まれ、更に酸化防止剤やレベリング材等の副資材が添加されていてもよい。
【0018】
本発明に使用される電荷発生物質としては、フタロシアニン系化合物が使用できる。フタロシアニン系材料としてCu、Fe、Mg、Si、Ge、Sn、Pb、InCl、GaCl、AlCl、TiO等の金属原子含有のフタロシアニン、や無金属フタロシアニンなどがあげられる。フタロシアニンは、置換基を有していても良く置換基としては、低級アルキル基、低級アルコキシ基、ニトロ基、シアノ基、ハロゲン原子などがあげられ、mは0から4の整数をあらわす。特に、オキシチタニウムフタロシアニンが好適である。
【0019】
電荷発生物質としてのオキシチタニウムフタロシアニンは、2種以上の結晶型のものをもちいることが好ましい。オキシチタニウムフタロシアニンとしては、CuKα線によるX線回折においてブラッグ角(2θ±0.2度)9.7度、24.2度及び27.3度に回折ピークを示すオキシチタニウムフタロシアニンまたはブラッグ角(2θ±0.2度)9.3度、10.6度、13.2度、15.1度、15.7度、16.1度、20.8度、23.3度及び27.1度に回折ピークを示すオキシチタニウムフタロシアニンのいずれかまたは両方を用いることが特にこのましい。また、電荷発生物質としてアモルファス状のオキシチタニウムフタロシアニンのみを用いてもよいし、上記結晶型オキシチタニウムフタロシアニンとともに用いても良い。
【0020】
電荷発生物質は積層構造の場合には電荷発生層を構成する主成分として使用されることが望ましい、例えば蒸着、スパッターの様な方法で成膜した均一な層として用いられてもよく、また微粒子の形でバインダー樹脂に分散された形で用いられてもよい。
【0021】
この場合バインダー樹脂としてはポリ酢酸ビニル、ポリアクリル酸エステル、メタクリレート樹脂、ポリエスエル樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリビニルブチラール、ポリビニルホルマール等のポリビニルアセタール樹脂、フェノキシ樹脂、セルロースエステル、セルロースエーテル、ウレタン樹脂、エポキシ樹脂など各種バインダー樹脂が使用できる。電荷発生物質とバインダー樹脂との組成比は通常重量比で100対10ないし5対100の範囲が好ましく、またこの層には電荷移動物質が混合されていてもよい。電荷発生層の膜厚は通常0.1〜10μmで使用されることが好ましい。
【0022】
電荷移動物質としては公知のものを用いることができ、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、ポリアセナフチレン、ポリビニルアントラセン、ポリビニルピレン、ポリビニルカルバゾール等の有機高分子化合物およびその誘導体、スチレン、スチルベン等の芳香属炭化水素化合物およびその誘導体、ベンゾキノン、ナフトキノン、アントラキノン、ジフェノキノン等のキノン化合物およびその誘導体、アリールアミン系化合物、ヒドラゾン化合物等の窒素化合物およびその誘導体、カルバゾール、アクリジン、ピラゾリン、イミダゾール、ベンズイミダゾール、イミダゾリジン、イミダゾロン、フェナジン、トリアゾール等の含窒素複素環式化合物およびその誘導体、チアゾール、チアジアゾール、ベンゾチアゾール等の含窒素含硫黄複素環式化合物およびその誘導体、キサゾール、オキサジアゾール等の含窒素含酸素複素環式化合物およびその誘導体等が挙げられる。。
【0023】
電荷移動物質とともに使用されるバインダー樹脂としては種々の公知の樹脂が使用できる。ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリアリレート樹脂、アクリル樹脂、メタクリレート樹脂、スチレン樹脂、シリコーン樹脂などの熱可塑性樹脂や硬化性の樹脂が使用できる。とくに摩耗、傷の発生の少ないポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリアリレート樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂が好ましい。ポリカーボネート樹脂は、そのビスフェノール成分としてビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールC、ビスフェノールP、ビスフェノールZ、あるいは、公知の種々の成分が使用出来る。また、これらの成分からなる共重合物であってもよい。
【0024】
電荷移動物質とバインダー樹脂の配合比率は、樹脂100重量部に対して例えば10〜200重量部、好ましくは30〜150重量部の範囲で配合される。積層感光体の場合電荷移動層として上記の成分を主成分として形成されるが電荷移動層の膜厚としては通常5〜50μm、好ましくは10〜40μmで使用される。
【0025】
更に本発明の感光層には成膜性、可とう性、機械的強度等を向上させるための公知の可塑剤、残留電位の蓄積を抑制するための添加剤、分散安定性向上のための分散補助剤、塗布性を改善するためのレベリング剤、例えばシリコーンオイル、その他の添加剤が添加されていてもよい。
【0026】
本発明の電子写真感光体は、複写機、プリンター、ファクシミリ等の画像形成装置に用いることができるが、発光ダイオード又はレーザー光を用いた画像形成装置に特に好適に用いることができる。さらに、本発明によれば、電子写真感光体の揺れに起因するわずかな印刷ずれをも解消できるため、特に高解像度(1200dpi以上)の画像形成装置に好適に用いることができる。
【0027】
【実施例】
次に本発明を実施例により更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はその要旨を越えない限り以下の実施例によって限定されるものではない。
【0028】
[実施例1]
6063系のアルミニウム合金に押し出し、引き抜き加工を施し、軟化熱処理して質別をH24とした後、切削加工により最終的な寸法を径が30mm、長さが340mm、肉厚1mmとした円筒状導電性基体を製造した。電荷発生層と、電荷移動層をこの順に塗布・感光し感光層を形成した。このようにして10本の電子写真感光体を製造した。
【0029】
導電性基体のビッカース硬度をJISに則って測定したところ。基体の硬度は、硬度37HVであった。
【0030】
電子写真感光体の振動減衰率を以下のようにして測定した。測定系を図1に示す。
電子写真感光体の両端に軸受け部、駆動用ギヤ部を持ったポリアセタール製のフランジ材を圧入により組み付け、フランジ材の中央に糸を粘着テープにて貼り付けた後、糸の他端を支持台に貼り付けて感光体を吊り下げる。また、フランジ材にも同様に糸を粘着テープで貼り付け、糸の他端を床部に固定することにより、感光体が揺れることを防いだ。次に傾斜部に直径10mmの鋼球を転がし感光体中央部に衝突させ、発生する音を感光体より5cm離れた集音装置にて採取した。採取した音はアナログ出力として取り出した。なお、この際に必要に応じてアンプを介させ、微弱な検出信号を増幅しても良い。アナログ出力はオシロスコープ(キーエンス社製NR-2000)にて50kHzにてサンプリングし、接続したコンピュータにより減衰波形から振動減衰率を計算するとともに、サンプリングデータをフーリエ変換して振動周波数を計算した。
なお、これに先立ち、電子写真感光体を画像形成装置に組み込み、環境試験室にて気温35゜C、湿度85%の環境下で画像を形成した際に発生する異常振動音の程度を調べた。
【0031】
[比較例1]
材料として材質が3003-H16であるアルミニウム合金を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして電子写真感光体を10本製造し、実施例1と同様にして画像形成時の音発生および振動減衰率を測定した。
【0032】
[比較例2]
電子写真感光体の肉厚を3mmとした以外は、実施例1と同様にして電子写真感光体を10本製造し、実施例1と同様にして画像形成時の音発生および振動減衰率を測定した。
【0033】
[実施例2]
材料として材質が5005-H32であるアルミニウム合金を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして電子写真感光体を10本製造し、実施例1と同様にして画像形成時の音発生および振動減衰率を測定した。
[実施例3]
導電性基体の肉厚が0.8mmである以外は、実施例1と同様にして電子写真感光体を10本製造し、実施例1と同様にして画像形成時の音発生および振動減衰率を測定した。
【0034】
[実施例4]
材料として材質が6061−Oであるアルミニウム合金を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして電子写真感光体を10本製造し、実施例1と同様にして画像形成時の音発生および振動減衰率を測定した。
【0035】
参考例]材料として材質が3003−H14(硬度40HV)であるアルミニウム合金を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして電子写真感光体を10本製造し、実施例1と同様にして画像形成時の音発生および振動減衰率を測定した。
【0036】
【表1】

Figure 0004019646
【0037】
なお、振動減衰率は、電子写真感光体ごとにふれがあるため、10本の平均の値を採用した。
硬度は、導電性基体のビッカース硬度を表す。
【0038】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、電子写真感光体内に充填物やおもりを入れることなく、所定の円筒状導電性基体を用いることで、上記円筒状電子写真感光体における音なりの問題を解消するものである。
従来の技術によれば、充填物やおもりを電子写真感光体内に挿入しなければならず、充填物分の費用が高くなるのみならず、充填物を電子写真感光体内に挿入する手間がかかったが、本発明によれば充填物を必ずしも必要としないため、余分な費用を節約することができ、手間を省くこともできる。
また、音なりのするような電子写真感光体においては、画像形成時に電子写真感光体が振動することに起因すると思われる画像欠陥が生ずるという問題があったが、本発明によれば振動が抑えられる結果このような画像ぶれを防止することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】振動減衰率の測定系
【符号の説明】
1 導電性基体
2 フランジ
3 フランジ
4 支持台
5 床部
6 傾斜部
7 鋼球
8 集音装置
9 オシロスコープ
10 コンピューター[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention controls the hardness, thickness, diameter, etc. of the electrophotographic photosensitive member for controlling the hardness, thickness, etc. (hereinafter also simply referred to as “cylindrical conductive substrate” or “conductive substrate”). And an electrophotographic photosensitive member using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The electrophotographic photosensitive member is incorporated in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine, a facsimile machine, or a printer and used for image formation. When an image is formed using a cylindrical electrophotographic photosensitive member, the electrophotographic photosensitive member rotates while being held at both ends in a process such as exposure and development. In such a case, abnormal vibration may occur due to rubbing with a member such as a cleaning blade or a developing roller that contacts the photosensitive member, and noise and image noise may occur.
[0003]
In order to solve such problems, for example, as disclosed in JP-A-10-104999, JP-A-5-188839, JP-A-8-202204, a cylindrical conductive group for an electrophotographic photosensitive member. There is a technique for preventing abnormal vibration by filling a body with a filler throughout the body.
[0004]
Further, as described in JP-A-5-197321 and JP-A-5-35167, a weight of a predetermined size is filled to stabilize the rotation of the cylindrical electrophotographic photosensitive member to prevent abnormal vibration. There is technology to try.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, in order to solve the problem of abnormal vibration, it has been considered desirable to fill a cylindrical substrate with a filler as described above.
However, according to these conventional techniques, a filler and a weight must be inserted into the electrophotographic photosensitive member, which not only increases the cost of the filler, but also the trouble of inserting the filler into the electrophotographic photosensitive member. There is a problem that it takes.
In addition, especially when the substrate diameter is small, it is considered that this is related to the high natural frequency of the electrophotographic photosensitive member, but the vibration-proofing effect due to the filler tends to be insufficient, and the selection of the filler due to dimensional constraints. In view of the narrow application range, it is often difficult to obtain a sufficient anti-vibration effect.
In addition, in an electrophotographic photosensitive member that vibrates abnormally, there is a problem that an image defect that may be caused by vibration of the electrophotographic photosensitive member during image formation occurs.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention eliminates the problem of abnormal vibration in the cylindrical electrophotographic photosensitive member by using a predetermined cylindrical conductive substrate without putting a filler or weight in the electrophotographic photosensitive member. That is, the above-mentioned problem is a cylindrical conductive substrate used for an electrophotographic photosensitive member, the hardness of which is Vickers hardness of 39 HV or less, the thickness of the cylindrical conductive substrate is 0.75 mm to 1.75 mm , and vibration This is solved by a cylindrical conductive substrate having an attenuation factor of 8 × 10 −4 or more , and an electrophotographic photosensitive member using the cylindrical conductive substrate. With such a cylindrical conductive substrate, even if vibration occurs, the vibration attenuation rate is large, so that the noise is quickly eliminated. Further, by selecting a preferable material, it is possible to prevent abnormal vibration or obtain an electrophotographic photosensitive member exhibiting suitable electrophotographic characteristics.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described in detail below.
[0008]
Various known substrates can be used as the conductive substrate. For example, metal drums, such as aluminum alloy, copper, nickel, stainless steel, etc. are mentioned. Among these, an aluminum alloy is preferable. The conductive substrate may be anodized.
[0009]
As the aluminum alloy, known ones can be used, and those of 1000 series, 3000 series, 5000 series, and 6000 series are particularly preferable. Among these, those of the 3000 series, 5000 series or 6000 series are more preferred from the viewpoint of moldability, and those of the 5005 series and 6063 series are more preferred from the viewpoint of reducing image defects.
[0010]
The conductive substrate made of aluminum alloy used for electrophotographic photoreceptors is usually formed into an approximate shape by extruding and drawing, but after forming, it is used in a state of work hardening without additional heat treatment. In most cases. This is because there is no particular problem in strength and material structure even if it is as it is, and because the cost of heat treatment is reduced, but by applying softening heat treatment and reducing the hardness appropriately, the vibration damping rate is improved and abnormal vibration is reduced. It can be effectively prevented.
[0011]
Of course, the hardness of the conductive substrate is required to be a hardness that does not cause dents when used as an electrophotographic photosensitive member in an image forming apparatus. However, if the hardness is too high, the vibration damping rate is preferably low. Therefore, a Vickers hardness of 45 HV or less is preferable, 42 HV or less is more preferable, 40 HV or less is more preferable, and 39 HV or less is particularly preferable.
[0012]
The state of vibration also changes depending on the thickness of the conductive substrate. The thickness of the conductive substrate is preferably 0.75 mm to 2 mm, more preferably 0.8 mm to 1.75 mm, even more preferably 0.85 mm to 1.2 mm or 1.3 mm to 1.6 mm, 0.9 mm to 1.1 mm or 1.4 mm to 1.55 mm is particularly preferable. This is because if the thickness is too thin, the strength cannot be maintained, and the problem of accuracy deterioration due to the release of residual stress during processing occurs, and if the thickness is too thick, problems such as an increase in material cost occur.
[0013]
The state of vibration also changes depending on the diameter (diameter) of the conductive substrate. In particular, the problem of vibration occurs when the diameter is small. According to the present invention, the present invention is particularly effectively used in such a case. The diameter of the conductive substrate is preferably 16 mm to 50 mm, more preferably 20 mm to 45 mm, and particularly preferably 25 mm to 30 mm.
[0014]
Since the sound is attenuated and disappears faster as the vibration attenuation rate is higher, it is preferable that the conductive substrate has a higher vibration attenuation rate. When the aluminum alloy is used, the vibration attenuation rate does not exceed a certain value, but the vibration attenuation rate is preferably 8 × 10 −4 or more, more preferably 9 × 10 −4 or more, More preferably, the vibration damping rate is 1 × 10 −3 or more, and particularly preferably, the vibration damping rate is 1.2 × 10 −3 or more.
In this specification, the vibration attenuation rate is a value calculated from the sound intensity that is absorbed by the sound collecting device, and the vibration sound of the substrate generated when an impact force is applied to the central portion of the suspended substrate. means. Specifically, when the sound intensity at a certain point is X [t0], the sound intensity after t seconds is X [t0 + t], and the fundamental frequency of the sound is f [Hz],
1 / (2πft) · ln (X [t0] / X [t0 + t])
The value represented by. The fundamental frequency means a frequency component with the slowest attenuation among a plurality of vibration frequency components.
[0015]
In the vibration focused on by the present invention, the ring vibration component in the circumferential direction of the cylinder is dominant, and the surface vibration and beam vibration component in the length direction do not appear so much, and depending on the length of the conductive substrate, the vibration is not so much. Does not change. Since the present invention is suitably used for a particularly small electrophotographic photosensitive member, the length of the cylindrical conductive substrate includes 230 mm to 400 mm corresponding to A4 to A3 paper.
[0016]
One of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is to use a filler or a weight as described in the literature described in the prior art column together with the conductive substrate of the present invention in the conductive substrate. It is.
[0017]
In the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention, a photosensitive layer is formed on the conductive substrate as described above. As the photosensitive layer, a laminate type in which a charge generation layer and a charge transfer layer are laminated thereon is preferably used. The charge generation layer contains a charge generation material, and further contains a binder resin and the like. The charge transfer layer contains a charge transfer substance and a binder resin, and may further contain auxiliary materials such as an antioxidant and a leveling material.
[0018]
As the charge generation material used in the present invention, a phthalocyanine compound can be used. Examples of the phthalocyanine-based material include phthalocyanines containing metal atoms such as Cu, Fe, Mg, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, InCl, GaCl, AlCl, and TiO, and metal-free phthalocyanines. The phthalocyanine may have a substituent, and examples of the substituent include a lower alkyl group, a lower alkoxy group, a nitro group, a cyano group, a halogen atom, and the like, and m represents an integer of 0 to 4. In particular, oxytitanium phthalocyanine is suitable.
[0019]
It is preferable that oxytitanium phthalocyanine as the charge generation material is one of two or more crystal types. Examples of oxytitanium phthalocyanine include oxytitanium phthalocyanine or Bragg angle (2θ), which show diffraction peaks at Bragg angles (2θ ± 0.2 degrees) of 9.7 degrees, 24.2 degrees, and 27.3 degrees in X-ray diffraction using CuKα rays. ± 0.2 degrees) 9.3 degrees, 10.6 degrees, 13.2 degrees, 15.1 degrees, 15.7 degrees, 16.1 degrees, 20.8 degrees, 23.3 degrees and 27.1 degrees It is particularly preferable to use either or both of oxytitanium phthalocyanines that exhibit diffraction peaks at Further, only the amorphous oxytitanium phthalocyanine may be used as the charge generating substance, or it may be used together with the above crystalline oxytitanium phthalocyanine.
[0020]
In the case of a laminated structure, the charge generation material is preferably used as a main component constituting the charge generation layer. For example, the charge generation material may be used as a uniform layer formed by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering. And may be used in a form dispersed in a binder resin.
[0021]
In this case, as the binder resin, polyvinyl acetate, polyacrylate ester, methacrylate resin, polyester resin, polycarbonate resin, polyvinyl acetal resin such as polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl formal, phenoxy resin, cellulose ester, cellulose ether, urethane resin, epoxy resin, etc. Various binder resins can be used. The composition ratio between the charge generating material and the binder resin is usually preferably in the range of 100 to 10 to 5 to 100 by weight, and a charge transfer material may be mixed in this layer. The thickness of the charge generation layer is preferably 0.1 to 10 μm.
[0022]
As the charge transfer substance, known substances can be used, and are not particularly limited. For example, organic polymer compounds such as polyacenaphthylene, polyvinyl anthracene, polyvinyl pyrene, polyvinyl carbazole and derivatives thereof, styrene, Aromatic hydrocarbon compounds such as stilbene and derivatives thereof, quinone compounds and derivatives thereof such as benzoquinone, naphthoquinone, anthraquinone, diphenoquinone, nitrogen compounds such as arylamine compounds and hydrazone compounds and derivatives thereof, carbazole, acridine, pyrazoline, imidazole, Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds such as benzimidazole, imidazolidine, imidazolone, phenazine, and triazole and their derivatives, and nitrogen-containing sulfur-containing compounds such as thiazole, thiadiazole, and benzothiazole. Cyclic compounds and derivatives thereof, Kisazoru, oxadiazole such nitrogen-containing oxygen-containing heterocyclic compounds and derivatives thereof. .
[0023]
Various known resins can be used as the binder resin used together with the charge transfer material. Thermoplastic resins and curable resins such as polycarbonate resin, polyester resin, polyarylate resin, acrylic resin, methacrylate resin, styrene resin, and silicone resin can be used. In particular, polycarbonate resins, polyarylate resins, and polyester resins that cause less wear and scratches are preferable. The polycarbonate resin can use bisphenol A, bisphenol C, bisphenol P, bisphenol Z, or various known components as its bisphenol component. Moreover, the copolymer which consists of these components may be sufficient.
[0024]
The mixing ratio of the charge transfer substance and the binder resin is, for example, 10 to 200 parts by weight, preferably 30 to 150 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the resin. In the case of a laminated photoreceptor, the charge transfer layer is formed with the above-mentioned components as main components, but the charge transfer layer is usually used in a thickness of 5 to 50 μm, preferably 10 to 40 μm.
[0025]
Furthermore, the photosensitive layer of the present invention has a known plasticizer for improving film formability, flexibility, mechanical strength, an additive for suppressing the accumulation of residual potential, and a dispersion for improving dispersion stability. An auxiliary agent, a leveling agent for improving coating properties, for example, silicone oil, and other additives may be added.
[0026]
The electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention can be used in an image forming apparatus such as a copying machine, a printer, and a facsimile machine, but can be particularly preferably used in an image forming apparatus using a light emitting diode or a laser beam. Furthermore, according to the present invention, slight print misalignment due to the shaking of the electrophotographic photosensitive member can be eliminated, and therefore, it can be suitably used particularly for an image forming apparatus with high resolution (1200 dpi or more).
[0027]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention still in detail, this invention is not limited by a following example, unless the summary is exceeded.
[0028]
[Example 1]
Extruded to 6063 series aluminum alloy, drawn, softened and heat treated to H24, then cut into a cylindrical conductor with a final dimension of 30mm in diameter, 340mm in length and 1mm in thickness A conductive substrate was produced. A charge generation layer and a charge transfer layer were applied and exposed in this order to form a photosensitive layer. In this way, 10 electrophotographic photoreceptors were produced.
[0029]
The Vickers hardness of the conductive substrate was measured according to JIS. The substrate had a hardness of 37 HV.
[0030]
The vibration attenuation rate of the electrophotographic photosensitive member was measured as follows. The measurement system is shown in FIG.
A flange member made of polyacetal with bearings and drive gears at both ends of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is assembled by press fitting, and the yarn is attached to the center of the flange material with adhesive tape, and the other end of the yarn is supported on the support base. Adhere to and suspend the photoconductor. Similarly, a thread was also attached to the flange material with an adhesive tape, and the other end of the thread was fixed to the floor to prevent the photoreceptor from shaking. Next, a steel ball having a diameter of 10 mm was rolled on the inclined part and collided with the central part of the photoconductor, and the generated sound was collected by a sound collector 5 cm away from the photoconductor. The collected sound was taken out as an analog output. At this time, a weak detection signal may be amplified through an amplifier as necessary. The analog output was sampled at 50 kHz with an oscilloscope (Keyence NR-2000), and the vibration attenuation rate was calculated from the attenuation waveform with a connected computer, and the vibration frequency was calculated by Fourier transforming the sampling data.
Prior to this, an electrophotographic photosensitive member was incorporated in the image forming apparatus, and the degree of abnormal vibration sound generated when an image was formed in an environment test room under an environment where the temperature was 35 ° C. and the humidity was 85% was examined. .
[0031]
[Comparative Example 1]
Ten electrophotographic photosensitive members were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aluminum alloy of 3003-H16 was used as the material, and sound generation and vibration attenuation during image formation were conducted in the same manner as in Example 1. The rate was measured.
[0032]
[Comparative Example 2]
Except for the thickness of the electrophotographic photosensitive member being 3 mm, ten electrophotographic photosensitive members were produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the sound generation and vibration attenuation rate during image formation were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. did.
[0033]
[Example 2]
Ten electrophotographic photosensitive members were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aluminum alloy having a material of 5005-H32 was used as the material, and sound generation and vibration attenuation during image formation were conducted in the same manner as in Example 1. The rate was measured.
[Example 3]
Ten electrophotographic photosensitive members were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the conductive substrate was 0.8 mm, and the sound generation and vibration attenuation rate during image formation were measured in the same manner as in Example 1. did.
[0034]
[Example 4]
Ten electrophotographic photosensitive members were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aluminum alloy of 6061-O was used as the material, and sound generation and vibration attenuation during image formation were conducted in the same manner as in Example 1. The rate was measured.
[0035]
[ Reference Example ] Ten electrophotographic photosensitive members were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that an aluminum alloy having a material of 3003-H14 (hardness 40 HV) was used as a material. The sound generation and vibration damping rate during formation were measured.
[0036]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004019646
[0037]
In addition, since the vibration damping rate varies for each electrophotographic photosensitive member, an average value of 10 was adopted.
The hardness represents the Vickers hardness of the conductive substrate.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the problem of noise in the cylindrical electrophotographic photosensitive member is solved by using a predetermined cylindrical conductive substrate without filling or weighting the electrophotographic photosensitive member. .
According to the conventional technology, the filling material and the weight have to be inserted into the electrophotographic photosensitive member, which not only increases the cost of the filling material, but also takes time to insert the filling material into the electrophotographic photosensitive member. However, according to the present invention, since the filling is not necessarily required, an extra cost can be saved and labor can be saved.
Further, in the electrophotographic photosensitive member that makes noise, there has been a problem that an image defect that may be caused by vibration of the electrophotographic photosensitive member occurs during image formation. However, according to the present invention, vibration is suppressed. As a result, such image blur can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig.1] Vibration damping factor measurement system [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Conductive base | substrate 2 Flange 3 Flange 4 Support stand 5 Floor part 6 Inclined part 7 Steel ball 8 Sound collector 9 Oscilloscope 10 Computer

Claims (4)

円筒状基体の硬度がビッカース硬度39HV以下であり、円筒状導電性基体の肉厚が0.75mm〜1.75mmであり、かつ振動減衰率が8×10 -4 以上であることを特徴とする電子写真感光体用円筒状導電性基体(ただし基体が、アルミニウム含有量99.5%以上のアルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金である場合を除く。)。An electrophotography characterized in that the hardness of the cylindrical substrate is Vickers hardness of 39 HV or less, the thickness of the cylindrical conductive substrate is 0.75 mm to 1.75 mm , and the vibration damping factor is 8 × 10 −4 or more. Cylindrical conductive substrate for a photoreceptor (except when the substrate is aluminum or aluminum alloy having an aluminum content of 99.5% or more). 素材がアルミニウム合金であり、かつ、当該アルミニウム合金は、軟化熱処理されたものであることを特徴とする、請求項に記載の電子写真感光体用円筒状導電性基体。Material is aluminum alloy and the aluminum alloy is characterized in that it is one that is softened heat treatment, an electrophotographic photoreceptor cylindrical conductive substrate according to claim 1. 円筒状基体の直径が16mm〜50mmであることを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の電子写真感光体用円筒状導電性基体。The cylindrical conductive substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the cylindrical substrate has a diameter of 16 mm to 50 mm. 請求項1〜のいずれか1項に記載の電子写真感光体用円筒状導電性基体を用いた電子写真感光体。An electrophotographic photosensitive member using the cylindrical conductive substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to any one of claims 1 to 3 .
JP2001069629A 2001-03-13 2001-03-13 Cylindrical conductive substrate for electrophotographic photoreceptor and electrophotographic photoreceptor Expired - Fee Related JP4019646B2 (en)

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