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JP4022941B2 - Method for forming reduced iron production raw material - Google Patents
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JP4022941B2 - Method for forming reduced iron production raw material - Google Patents

Method for forming reduced iron production raw material Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4022941B2
JP4022941B2 JP17205297A JP17205297A JP4022941B2 JP 4022941 B2 JP4022941 B2 JP 4022941B2 JP 17205297 A JP17205297 A JP 17205297A JP 17205297 A JP17205297 A JP 17205297A JP 4022941 B2 JP4022941 B2 JP 4022941B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
raw material
iron
binder
reduced iron
powdered
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JPH1112624A (en
Inventor
尊三 川口
康夫 亀井
義久 中村
公一 大根
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Sumitomo Metal Industries Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、粉状の鉄鉱石や鉄分を含んだダスト、スラッジ、スケール等の粉状鉄原料と石炭、コークス等の粉状固体還元剤とを混合した原料を炉床が水平に回転移動する加熱炉に装入して還元鉄を製造する際の原料の成形方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、粉状の鉄鉱石と粉状固体還元剤とを混合して塊成化し、これを炉床が水平に回転移動する加熱炉床(以下、「回転炉床」といい、この炉床を有する炉を「回転床炉」という)に装入して還元鉄を製造する技術が注目されている。
【0003】
この回転床炉は古くからあるロータリーキルン炉とは異なり、設備コストが安価であるのが特徴であるが、一方、炉床が水平に回転するために原料の装入および製品の排出に配慮が必要である。その技術の代表的なものとしては、粉状の鉄鉱石と固体還元剤とを混合して塊成化物(ペレット)となし、これを高温に加熱することにより鉄鉱石中の酸化鉄を還元して固体状金属鉄とする技術がある(例えば、米国特許第3,443,931号明細書、特開平7−238307号公報)。
【0004】
図1は、加熱を回転床炉を用いて行う従来の還元鉄の製造プロセスの一例の概略図である。図示するように、粉鉄鉱石と粉石炭にバインダーとしてのベントナイトを添加し、混練機で、さらに水分とタールを添加して混合する。この混合原料をペレタイザーまたはダブルロール圧縮機で塊成化し、回転床炉の原料装入部へ移送して炉内へ装入し、炉床の移動に伴って1回転させる間に鉄鉱石中の酸化鉄を高温還元して固体状金属鉄とする。得られた金属鉄は排出部から取り出される。
【0005】
上記の還元鉄の製造方法において、粉状鉄原料としては、粉状の鉄鉱石の他に、製鉄所で発生する鉄分を含んだ各種のダストやスラッジ、スケールなどが使用でき、また、粉状固体還元剤としては、石炭、コークス、チャー、オイルコークスなどが使用可能である。これら鉄原料や固体還元剤は、場合によっては乾燥処理、破砕処理が施される。
【0006】
粉状鉄原料と粉状固体還元剤は、次いで混練処理されるが、その際、必要に応じてバインダーとしての水分、タール、糖蜜、有機系樹脂、セメント、スラグ、ベントナイト、生石灰、軽焼ドロマイト、消石灰が添加される。
【0007】
混練された原料は、皿型ペレタイザーにより球状のペレットに、またはダブルロール圧縮機によりブリケットに塊成化される。この場合、ペレットにするためには粒径が0.1mm以下の粒度の原料が適し、ブリケトには粒径が1mm以下の粒度のものが適するので、あらかじめ所定の粒度に微粉砕する必要がある。また、塊成化物(上記のペレット、ブリケットを指す)の強度を高めるため、塊成化後に乾燥処理または養生処理が施される場合もある。
【0008】
得られた塊成化物は、ベルトコンベヤーで回転床炉の上部に送られ、そこから回転炉床上に幅広く分散するように装入シュートを用いて装入され、レベラーによりならされる。続いて、炉内を移動する間に加熱還元され、金属鉄となる。
【0009】
回転床炉内は、炉内に燃料ガスと空気を送り込み燃料ガスを燃焼させることによって1100〜1300℃の炉内温度が確保されている。この回転床炉の炉床上に上記塊成化物が10〜20mmの薄い層状に敷かれ、主に炉内壁からの輻射熱で900℃以上に加熱され、還元焼結されて、所定の金属化率に達すれば、製品として炉外へ排出される。
【0010】
しかしながら、上述のような従来の還元鉄の製造方法には、つぎのような問題がある。すなわち、塊成化物は回転床炉に装入されるまでの間に粉化し、小粒径の粒度の異なる塊成化物となるとともに粉を発生し、その状態で回転炉床に装入されるため、炉内に装入された発生粉は燃焼ガスにより飛散し、炉壁に溶融付着して、設備トラブルの原因となる。また、回転炉床に溶融付着したり、溶融浸食して、床面が荒れ、設備トラブルの原因となる。
【0011】
さらには、塊成化物の粒度が異なるため焼成にむらを生じ、92%程度の金属化率を有する還元鉄を製造するためには焼成時間を延長する必要が生じ、還元鉄の生産性が悪化する。
【0012】
この塊成化物の粉化の悪影響を防止するため前述したバインダーが添加され、効果を奏しているが、粉化が完全に防止されるわけではない。また、有機系バインダーは高価なもので、製造コストを上昇させ、一方、無機系バインダーは鉄分以外のスラグ分を含有するため還元鉄の品位を低下させるという欠点がある。
【0013】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、従来の還元鉄の製造技術における上記の問題を解決することを課題としてなされたものである。本発明の具体的な目的は、粉状鉄原料と粉状固体還元剤とを混合し塊成化した原料を回転床炉に装入するに際し、混合原料をバインダーを極力少ないバインダー量で強度の高い成形物とし、粉化の少ない状態で回転床炉に装入することができる原料の成形方法を提供することにある。
【0014】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記の課題を解決するため検討を重ねた結果、粉状の鉄鉱石と粉状固体還元剤とを混合する際、水分を添加して混合した後、バインダーを添加して再度混合する方法が効果的であること、また、高速攪拌ミキサーによるねっか処理が粉体原料の粘着性を改善し、強度の高い成形物を製造する上で望ましいことを見いだし、本発明をなすに至った。
【0015】
本発明の要旨は、下記の還元鉄製造原料の成形方法にある。
【0016】
粉状鉄原料と粉状固体還元剤と水分とバインダーとを混合し、成形した原料を回転炉床に装入し焼成して還元鉄を製造するに際し、粉状鉄原料、粉状固体還元剤および水分を一括して混合処理した後、バインダーを添加して再度混合処理した原料を成形することを特徴とする還元鉄製造原料の成形方法。
【0017】
ここで、「粉状鉄原料」とは、酸化鉄が主成分の粉状の鉄原料であり、具体的には、前述した粉状の鉄鉱石や製鉄所で発生する鉄分を含んだダスト、スラッジ(例えば、焼結機発生ダスト、高炉発生ダスト、転炉発生ダスト、圧延工場発生スラッジ)、スケール等をいう。本発明においては、これらを単独で、または2種以上の混合物状態で使用することができる。
【0018】
「粉状固体還元剤」とは、石炭、コークス、チャー、オイルコークス等の、主に炭素を含む固体物質の粉末である。これらも、単独で、または2種以上組み合わせて使用することができる。
【0019】
また、「成形」とは、粉状鉄原料と粉状固体還元剤の混合原料を、ペレット、ブリケットに限らず、平板のタイル状、シート状のものなど、種々の形態を有するものに変化させることをいう。
【0020】
上記の還元鉄製造原料の成形方法の望ましい実施態様として、下記の方法を採用することができる。
【0021】
〔望ましい態様
混合処理および再度行う混合処理のうち少なくとも一方の処理を300rpm以上の回転速度で回転する高速攪拌羽根を内蔵するミキサーを用いて行う還元鉄製造原料の成形方法。
【0022】
〔望ましい態様
成形方法としてダブルロール圧縮機を用いる還元鉄製造原料の成形方法。
【0023】
【発明の実施の形態】
記の発明は、粉状鉄原料、粉状固体還元剤および水分を一括して混合処理した後、バインダーを添加して再度混合処理した原料を成形する還元鉄製造原料の成形方法である。
【0024】
このように、粉体原料に水分を添加して混合処理を行った後、バインダーを添加して再度の混合処理を行う方法を採用するのは、水分とバインダーでは、バインダーの方が粉体粒子間の凝集力を高め得るからで、粒子間の空間のより外側にバインダーを配することによって造粒物または成形物の強度を一層高めることが可能となる。
【0025】
この発明の方法において、水分の添加量は特に限定されない。従来使用されている混合機により処理を行えばよいので、その際添加される量とすればよい。なお、この発明の方法で添加する水分は、液体の水はもちろんのこと、水蒸気であってもよい。水よりも水蒸気のほうが分散性がよく、効果大きい
【0026】
再度行う混合処理の際に添加するバインダーとしては、タール、糖蜜、ベントナイト等を用いることができる。また、バインダーの添加量は、使用するバインダーの種類に応じて適宜定めればよい。
【0027】
次に、上記の発明の望ましい実施態様について説明する。
【0028】
〔望ましい態様
これは、前記の発明において、混合処理を300rpm以上の回転速度で回転する高速攪拌羽根を内蔵する高速撹拌ミキサーを用いて行う還元鉄製造原料の成形方法である。
【0029】
体原料の粘着性を改善し、強度の高い成形物を製造するにあたり、より高い強度を発現するために高速攪拌ミキサーによって、ねっか処理をするのが望ましい。湿潤状態にある粉体の造粒や成形においては、水分や液体のバインダーが粉体粒子の間を濡らし、それに基づく毛細管力により粉体粒子間に凝集作用が働いて造粒や成形が行われるともに、強度が発現する。従って、粉体粒子間に水分やバインダーがよく入り込むように、強い攪拌力でねっか処理することが望ましい。
【0030】
この効果を得るためには、高速攪拌ミキサーで、撹拌羽根の回転速度(すなわち、高速攪拌ミキサーの回転速度)を300rpm以上として攪拌混合を行うのが望ましい。高速撹拌ミキサーの回転速度を300rpm以上とするのは、回転速度が300rpm以上になると粉体原料が粒子単位で分離され、粒子間に水分やバインダーがより均一に分散し、強度発現に効果的に作用するのに対し、回転速度が300rpmより低いと粒子単位で分離されず、強度発現効果が認められにくいからである。なお、ここでは、高速攪拌ミキサーで回転速度を300rpm以上として行う撹拌を「高速撹拌」と呼ぶ
お、高速撹拌は、最初の撹拌処理および再度行う撹拌処理の両方で行うのが望ましいが、いずれか一方の撹拌処理の際に行っても効果がある。
【0031】
〔望ましい態様
これは、前記の発明において、成形方法としてダブルロール圧縮機を用いる還元鉄製造原料の成形方法である。
【0032】
粉体原料に水分を添加して混合処理を行った後、バインダーを添加して再度混合処理を行って粒子間の空間のより外側にバインダーを配することにより、通常の混合機を用いる場合であっても造粒物または成形物の強度を高める効果が発揮されるが、ダブルロール圧縮機では短時間に強い圧縮力を作用させて成形を行うので、このような二段の混合処理の効果が現れやすい。
【0033】
混合処理に高速撹拌ミキサーを用いる場合は、それに加えて、ねっか処理の効果が加わるので、一層望ましい。
【0034】
上記本発明の方法によれば、粉体原料を成形して回転床炉に装入するに際し、成形物の強度を高めて粉化の少ない状態で回転床炉に装入することが可能な原料の成形を行うことができ、その結果、焼成むらをなくして還元鉄の生産性を向上させることができる。また、バインダーを添加せずに、もしくは極力少ないバインダー量で塊成化することが可能になるので、高価なバインダーを使用することによる製造コストの上昇、あるいはバインダーの添加に起因する還元鉄の品質低下を抑制することができる。
【0035】
粉状鉄原料中の酸化鉄を粉状固体還元剤で還元して還元鉄を製造する際、酸化鉄の表面に還元剤が均一にむらなく分散していることが重要である。このためには、粉状固体還元剤と粉状鉄原料(酸化鉄)との混合性を高めるのが望ましく、水分やバインダーを添加して高速撹拌ミキサーで撹拌するのであるが、還元反応を受ける粉状鉄原料の流動性も重要で、高い流動性を有する状態にすることが望ましい。
【0036】
この高い流動性を与えるためには、粉状固体還元剤として乾燥した石炭を使用することが望ましい。
【0037】
その理由は、乾燥石炭は流動性がよく分散性が良好である一方で、水との濡れ性がきわめて悪く、吸水に多くの時間を要することにある。粉体原料は、乾燥していれば凝集力は低下し、流動性がよく分散性は良好である。しかし、粉体原料を造粒や成形するには粉体粒子間の結合力を発現させるための水分が必要であるが、水分が存在すると粉体粒子間に凝集作用が働いて分散性が低下する。このような粉体原料に流動性を与えるとともに、結合力も発現させるためには、乾燥状態にある粉体原料の水分との濡れ性が重要である。乾燥した粉体原料を用い、それに水分を添加して高速撹拌ミキサーで撹拌し、造粒や成形に必要な水分状態にすることを考えると、最初は流動性がよく、次第に吸水して凝集作用が働くように、濡れ性が悪い方が好ましいといえる。
【0038】
乾燥した石炭はこのような条件を備えており、水分との濡れ性が悪い(吸水性が悪い)ので、最初は高い流動性を保持でき、高速撹拌によって均一分散状態を得ることができ、時間が経つとともに吸水濡れ作用によって造粒や成形に必要な水分状態を得ることができる。
【0039】
これに対して、水との濡れ性が良好で吸水性の高い鉄鉱石やコークスを乾燥状態にしてもほとんど効果はない。この場合、鉄鉱石やコークスが添加した水分を直ちに吸水してしまうためである。従って、水分とともに粉体原料を高速撹拌ミキサーで混合する場合、乾燥した粉体原料の流動特性を活かせるのは乾燥石炭である。
【0040】
【実施例】
表1に示す粉鉄鉱石と表2に示す粉石炭を用い、これらを表3に示す配合率で配合した後、混合し、同じく表3に示す形状および寸法のペレットまたはブリケットに成形した。この成形原料を用いて、表4〜表7に示す各ケースの条件で、還元鉄を製造し、そのときの還元鉄の金属化率を求めて、本発明の効果を評価した。なお、用いた回転炉床の設備仕様と操業条件を表8に示す。
【0041】
なお、操業に際し、原料装入から製品排出まで10分になるように炉床の回転速度を調整した。
【0042】
【表1】

Figure 0004022941
【0043】
【表2】
Figure 0004022941
【0044】
【表3】
Figure 0004022941
【0045】
【表4】
Figure 0004022941
【0046】
【表5】
Figure 0004022941
【0047】
【表6】
Figure 0004022941
【0048】
【表7】
Figure 0004022941
【0049】
【表8】
Figure 0004022941
【0050】
<バインダーの添加なしでペレットに成形>
前記の図1に示した製造工程にのっとり、直径7.5mの皿型ペレタイザーを用いて径が15mmのペレットを製造し、平板直線形シュートで回転床炉に装入して還元鉄を製造した(表4参照)。ケースAは混合機として従来使用されているフレットミルを用いた従来例であり、ケースBは高速撹拌ミキサーを用い、回転速度を300rpmとした場合の参考例である。
【0051】
操業の結果得られた還元鉄の金属化率を表9に、また、高速撹拌羽根の回転速度と還元鉄の金属化率の関係を図に示す。高速撹拌羽根の回転速度が300rpm以上では、高速撹拌ミキサーを用いた参考例の方が高い金属化率を有することがわかる。
【0052】
<バインダーを添加してペレットに成形>
図1または図2に示した製造工程にのっとり、直径7.5mの皿型ペレタイザーを用いて径が15mmのペレットを製造し、平板形シュートで回転床炉に装入して還元鉄を製造した(表5参照)。なお、図2に示した製造工程は、粉鉄鉱石、粉石炭および水分を一括して混合処理した後、バインダー(ベントナイトを使用)を添加して再度混合処理する工程で、前記の発明の方法に該当する。
【0053】
表5に示したケースCは混合機として従来使用されているフレットミルを用いた従来例で、全原料を一括処理した場合である。また、ケースEは混合機にフレットミルを用いた場合であるが、粉鉄鉱石、粉石炭および水分を一括混合処理したのち、バインダーを添加して再度混合処理した本発明例、ケースFは高速撹拌ミキサー(回転速度300rpm)を用い、粉鉄鉱石、粉石炭および水分を一括混合処理した後、バインダーを添加して再度混合処理した本発明例である。
【0054】
得られた還元鉄の金属化率を表9(成形原料の水分はすべて11mass%で一定とした)に、また、成形原料の水分と還元鉄の金属化率の関係を図に示す。本発明例では、成形時の原料水分が6〜18mass%において高い金属化率が得られた。特に、高速撹拌ミキサーを用いた場合、金属化率が高かったが、混合機がフレットミルであっても、原料と水分を混合した後バインダーを添加して再度混合処理することにより金属化率が向上した。
【0055】
<バインダーを添加してブリケットに成形>
図1または図2に示した製造工程にのっとり、ロール径が2.0mのダブルロール圧縮機を用いてブリケットを製造し、平板直線形シュートで回転床炉に装入して還元鉄を製造した(表6参照)。
【0056】
表6に示したケースG1およびG2は混合機としてフレットミルを用いた従来例で、いずれも全原料を一括処理した場合である。ケースI1およびI2は混合機にフレットミルを用いた場合であるが、粉鉄鉱石、粉石炭および水分を一括混合処理したのち、バインダー(タールを使用)を添加して再度混合処理した本発明例、ケースJ1およびJ2は高速撹拌ミキサー(回転速度300rpm)を用い、粉鉄鉱石、粉石炭および水分を一括混合処理した後、バインダーを添加して再度混合処理した本発明例である。ここで、ケースG2、I2およびJ2は、粉石炭として事前に乾燥処理したものを用いた場合である。
【0057】
得られた還元鉄の金属化率を表9に示す。なお、成形原料の水分はすべて11mass%で一定とした。
【0058】
この結果から明らかなように、回転速度が300rpmの高速撹拌ミキサーを用いた本発明例の方が高い金属化率が得られた。また、混合機がフレットミルであっても、原料と水分を混合した後バインダーを混合する方が高い金属化率を示した。さらに、全原料を一括して混合処理した場合、事前に粉石炭を乾燥処理したケースの方が高い金属化率を示した。
【0059】
【表9】
Figure 0004022941
【0060】
【発明の効果】
本発明の方法によれば、粉状の鉄鉱石と粉状固体還元剤とを混合し、成形して回転床炉に装入するに際し、成形物の強度を高めて粉化の少ない状態で回転床炉に装入することが可能な原料の成形を行うことができ、焼成むらをなくして還元鉄の生産性を向上させることができる。また、極力少ないバインダー量で塊成化することが可能になるので、製造コストの上昇、あるいはバインダーの添加に起因する還元鉄の品質低下を抑制することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】回転床炉を用いて行う従来の還元鉄の製造プロセスの一例の概略図である。
【図2】本発明の方法を実施することができる製造プロセスの一例の概略図である。
【図】実施例で得られた結果の一例で、高速攪拌羽根の回転数と還元鉄の金属化率の関係を示す図である。
【図】実施例で得られた結果の一例で、成形原料の水分と還元鉄の金属化率の関係を示す図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the hearth rotates and moves a raw material obtained by mixing a powdered iron raw material such as powdered iron ore and iron-containing dust, sludge, scale and the like and a powdered solid reducing agent such as coal and coke. The present invention relates to a raw material forming method for producing reduced iron by charging in a heating furnace.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, powdered iron ore and powdered solid reducing agent are mixed and agglomerated, and this is called a heated hearth (hereinafter referred to as “rotary hearth”). A technique for producing reduced iron by charging a furnace having a revolving iron furnace into a rotating bed furnace) has attracted attention.
[0003]
Unlike the traditional rotary kiln furnace, this rotary bed furnace is characterized by low equipment costs. On the other hand, since the hearth rotates horizontally, consideration must be given to the charging of raw materials and the discharge of products. It is. As a representative technique, powdered iron ore and a solid reducing agent are mixed to form an agglomerate (pellet), which is heated to a high temperature to reduce iron oxide in the iron ore. There is a technique for producing solid metallic iron (for example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,443,931, JP-A-7-238307).
[0004]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an example of a conventional process for producing reduced iron in which heating is performed using a rotary bed furnace. As shown in the figure, bentonite as a binder is added to fine iron ore and fine coal, and water and tar are further added and mixed with a kneader. This mixed raw material is agglomerated by a pelletizer or a double roll compressor, transferred to the raw material charging section of the rotary bed furnace, charged into the furnace, and in the iron ore during one rotation as the hearth moves. Iron oxide is reduced to high temperature to form solid metallic iron. The obtained metallic iron is taken out from the discharge part.
[0005]
In the method for producing reduced iron, as the powdered iron raw material, various dusts, sludges, scales, and the like containing iron generated in the ironworks can be used in addition to the powdered iron ore. As the solid reducing agent, coal, coke, char, oil coke and the like can be used. These iron raw materials and solid reducing agents are optionally subjected to a drying process and a crushing process.
[0006]
The powdered iron raw material and the powdered solid reducing agent are then kneaded. At that time, moisture, tar, molasses, organic resin, cement, slag, bentonite, quicklime, light calcined dolomite are used as necessary. Slaked lime is added.
[0007]
The kneaded raw material, the spherical pellet dished Peretai Heather, or agglomerated into briquettes by a double roll compactor. In this case, the particle size in order to pellet the suitable particle size up of material 0.1 mm, because the particle size is in Burike Tsu bets are suitable include: particle size 1 mm, must be pulverized in advance to a predetermined particle size There is. Further, in order to increase the strength of the agglomerated material (referring to the above-described pellets and briquettes), a drying process or a curing process may be performed after the agglomeration.
[0008]
The obtained agglomerated material is sent to the upper part of the rotary bed furnace by a belt conveyor, and is charged from there using a charging chute so as to be widely dispersed on the rotary hearth, and is leveled by a leveler. Subsequently, it is heated and reduced while moving in the furnace to become metallic iron.
[0009]
In the rotary bed furnace, a furnace gas temperature of 1100 to 1300 ° C. is secured by sending fuel gas and air into the furnace and burning the fuel gas. On the hearth of this rotary bed furnace, the agglomerated material is laid in a thin layer of 10 to 20 mm, heated to 900 ° C. or higher mainly by radiant heat from the inner wall of the furnace, reduced and sintered to a predetermined metallization rate. If it reaches, it is discharged out of the furnace as a product.
[0010]
However, the conventional methods for producing reduced iron as described above have the following problems. That is, the agglomerated material is pulverized before being charged into the rotary bed furnace, and becomes an agglomerated product having a small particle size and a different particle size, generating powder, and being charged into the rotary hearth in that state. Therefore, the generated powder charged in the furnace is scattered by the combustion gas and melted and adhered to the furnace wall, causing equipment troubles. In addition, it melts and adheres to the rotary hearth and melts and erodes, resulting in rough floors and equipment troubles.
[0011]
Furthermore, since the agglomerates have different particle sizes, uneven firing occurs, and it is necessary to extend the firing time to produce reduced iron having a metallization rate of about 92%, resulting in reduced reduced iron productivity. To do.
[0012]
In order to prevent the adverse effect of powdering of the agglomerated material, the above-mentioned binder is added and has an effect, but powdering is not completely prevented. In addition, organic binders are expensive and increase the manufacturing cost. On the other hand, inorganic binders have the disadvantage of reducing the quality of reduced iron because they contain slag other than iron.
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems in conventional techniques for producing reduced iron. A specific object of the present invention, the intensity of the raw material agglomerated by mixing the Konajotetsu raw material and powdery solid reducing agent upon charged to the rotating bed furnace, a mixed raw material of the binder in the electrode force small amount of the binder An object of the present invention is to provide a method for forming a raw material that can be charged into a rotary bed furnace in a state of low powdering and a high molding product.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have made extensive investigations to solve the above problems, when mixing the powdered iron ore and the powdery solid reductant, was added and mixed water content, the addition of binder It is found that the method of re-mixing is effective, and that the brazing treatment with a high-speed stirring mixer is desirable for improving the adhesiveness of the powder raw material and producing a molded product having high strength. It came to an eggplant.
[0015]
Gist of the present invention is a molding method for producing reduced iron raw material under SL.
[0016]
“When powdered iron raw material, powdered solid reducing agent, moisture and binder are mixed, the formed raw material is charged into a rotary hearth and fired to produce reduced iron, powdered iron raw material, powdered solid reduced A method for forming a reduced iron production raw material, characterized in that after the agent and moisture are mixed together, the raw material is added again after being mixed with the binder. "
[0017]
Here, the “powdered iron raw material” is a powdery iron raw material mainly composed of iron oxide, and specifically, dust containing iron components generated in the above-described powdered iron ore and steelworks, Sludge (for example, sintering machine generated dust, blast furnace generated dust, converter generated dust, rolling factory generated sludge), scale and the like. In the present invention, these can be used alone or in a mixture of two or more.
[0018]
The “powdered solid reducing agent” is a powder of a solid substance mainly containing carbon, such as coal, coke, char, and oil coke. These can also be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0019]
In addition, “molding” is to change the mixed raw material of powdered iron raw material and powdered solid reducing agent to those having various forms such as flat tiles and sheets, not limited to pellets and briquettes. That means.
[0020]
The following method can be adopted as a desirable embodiment of the method for forming the reduced iron production raw material.
[0021]
[Preferred embodiment 1 ]
A method for forming a reduced iron manufacturing raw material, wherein a mixing process and a mixing process to be performed again are performed using a mixer incorporating a high-speed stirring blade that rotates at a rotational speed of 300 rpm or more.
[0022]
[Preferred embodiment 2 ]
A method for forming reduced iron production raw material using a double roll compressor as a forming method.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Invention above SL is Konajotetsu raw material, were mixed processed collectively powdery solid reducing agent and water, a method of forming reduced iron raw material for molding the raw material obtained by mixing treated again with the addition of a binder.
[0024]
In this way, after adding water to the powder raw material and performing the mixing process, the method of adding the binder and performing the mixing process again is employed. Since the cohesive force can be increased, the strength of the granulated product or molded product can be further increased by arranging the binder outside the space between the particles.
[0025]
In the method of the present invention, the amount of water added is not particularly limited. Since the treatment may be carried out using a conventionally used mixer, the amount added at that time may be used . Na us, the water added in the process of this invention, liquid water, of course, may be steam. Water vapor is more dispersible and more effective than water .
[0026]
Tar, molasses, bentonite, or the like can be used as a binder to be added in the mixing process performed again. Moreover, what is necessary is just to determine the addition amount of a binder suitably according to the kind of binder to be used.
[0027]
Next, a description will be given of the preferred embodiment state like the above Symbol of the invention.
[0028]
[Preferred embodiment 1 ]
This is because, in the prior SL invention is a molding method for producing reduced iron raw material for mixing process using a high speed stirring mixer having a built-in high-speed stirring blades rotating at 300rpm or more rotational speed.
[0029]
Improves adhesion of the powder material, in manufacturing a high strength molded product, by high-speed stirring mixer to express higher strength, it is desirable to Nekka process. In granulation and molding of wet powders, moisture and liquid binders wet between the powder particles, and agglomeration acts between the powder particles due to the capillary force based on it, and granulation and molding are performed. Both develop strength. Therefore, it is desirable to perform a gentle treatment with a strong stirring force so that moisture and a binder enter between the powder particles well .
[0030]
In order to obtain this effect, it is desirable to perform stirring and mixing with a high-speed stirring mixer at a rotational speed of the stirring blade (that is, a rotational speed of the high-speed stirring mixer) of 300 rpm or more . The rotational speed of the high-speed agitating mixer is set to 300 rpm or more. When the rotational speed is 300 rpm or more, the powder raw material is separated in units of particles, and moisture and binder are more uniformly dispersed between the particles. On the other hand, when the rotational speed is lower than 300 rpm, the particles are not separated in units of particles, and the strength development effect is hardly recognized. Here, stirring performed at a rotation speed of 300 rpm or higher with a high-speed stirring mixer is referred to as “high-speed stirring” .
Na us, high speed stirring is desirably carried out in both the agitation process performed first stirring treatment and again, there is an effect even if the time of one of the stirring process.
[0031]
[Preferred embodiment 2 ]
This is because, in the prior SL invention is a molding method for producing reduced iron raw material used to double roll compressor as molding method.
[0032]
In the case of using a normal mixer by adding moisture to the powder raw material, mixing the binder, adding the binder and performing the mixing process again, and arranging the binder outside the space between the particles. Even if it is present, the effect of increasing the strength of the granulated product or molded product is exhibited, but the double roll compressor performs molding by applying a strong compressive force in a short time, so the effect of such a two-stage mixing treatment Is likely to appear.
[0033]
In the case where a high-speed stirring mixer is used for the mixing process, in addition to this, the effect of the wet process is added, which is more desirable.
[0034]
According to the method of the present invention, when a powder raw material is molded and charged into a rotary bed furnace, the raw material that can be charged into the rotary bed furnace in a state where the strength of the molded product is increased and the powder is less pulverized. As a result, the unevenness of firing can be eliminated and the productivity of reduced iron can be improved. In addition, since it is possible to agglomerate without adding a binder or with as little binder as possible, the production cost is increased by using an expensive binder, or the quality of reduced iron resulting from the addition of the binder The decrease can be suppressed.
[0035]
When producing reduced iron by reducing iron oxide in a powdered iron raw material with a powdered solid reducing agent, it is important that the reducing agent is uniformly and uniformly dispersed on the surface of the iron oxide. For this purpose, it is desirable to improve the mixing property between the powdered solid reducing agent and the powdered iron raw material (iron oxide), and it is added with water and a binder and stirred with a high-speed stirring mixer, but undergoes a reduction reaction. The fluidity of the powdered iron raw material is also important, and it is desirable to have a high fluidity .
[0036]
In order to give this high fluidity, it is desirable to use dry coal as a powdery solid reducing agent .
[0037]
The reason is that while dry coal has good fluidity and good dispersibility, it has very poor wettability with water and requires a lot of time for water absorption. If the powder raw material is dried, the cohesive force decreases, the fluidity is good, and the dispersibility is good. However, in order to granulate and mold the powder raw material, moisture is required to develop the binding force between the powder particles, but if moisture is present, the agglomeration action acts between the powder particles and the dispersibility decreases. To do. In order to give fluidity to such a powder raw material and also to develop a binding force, the wettability of the powder raw material in a dry state with moisture is important. Considering using dry powder raw material, adding water to it and stirring it with a high-speed stirring mixer to obtain the moisture state necessary for granulation and molding, the fluidity is good at first, and water gradually absorbs and agglomerates. It is preferable that the wettability is poor so that the
[0038]
Dried coal has such conditions and has poor wettability with water (poor water absorption), so it can maintain high fluidity at first, and can obtain a uniformly dispersed state by high-speed stirring. As time passes, the moisture state necessary for granulation and molding can be obtained by the water-absorbing wetting action.
[0039]
On the other hand, even if iron ore or coke having good wettability with water and high water absorption is dried, there is almost no effect. This is because the water added by iron ore or coke immediately absorbs water. Therefore, when mixing the powder material in a high speed stirring mixer with water, the Ikaseru flow properties of the dried powder material is dry Coal.
[0040]
【Example】
Using fine iron ore and powdered coal shown in Table 2. As shown in Table 1, these was blended at ratio shown in Table 3, mixed and similarly molded into pellets or Burike' bets shape and dimensions shown in Table 3. Using this forming raw material, reduced iron was produced under the conditions of each case shown in Tables 4 to 7, and the metallization rate of the reduced iron at that time was determined to evaluate the effect of the present invention. Table 8 shows the equipment specifications and operating conditions of the rotary hearth used.
[0041]
In operation, the rotation speed of the hearth was adjusted so that it took 10 minutes from raw material charging to product discharge.
[0042]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004022941
[0043]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004022941
[0044]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004022941
[0045]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004022941
[0046]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004022941
[0047]
[Table 6]
Figure 0004022941
[0048]
[Table 7]
Figure 0004022941
[0049]
[Table 8]
Figure 0004022941
[0050]
<Forming into pellets without adding binder>
In accordance with the manufacturing process shown in FIG. 1, pellets having a diameter of 15 mm were manufactured using a dish-type pelletizer having a diameter of 7.5 m, and reduced iron was manufactured by charging into a rotary bed furnace with a flat plate chute. (See Table 4). Case A is a conventional example using a fret mill conventionally used as a mixer, and Case B is a reference example when a high-speed stirring mixer is used and the rotation speed is 300 rpm.
[0051]
The metallization ratio of resulting reduced iron operations in Table 9 also shows the relationship between the rotational speed and the metallization ratio of the reduced iron of high speed stirring blade in FIG. It can be seen that when the rotational speed of the high-speed stirring blade is 300 rpm or more, the reference example using the high-speed stirring mixer has a higher metallization rate.
[0052]
<Adding a binder to form a pellet>
In accordance with the manufacturing process shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, pellets having a diameter of 15 mm were manufactured using a dish type pelletizer having a diameter of 7.5 m, and reduced iron was manufactured by charging into a rotary bed furnace with a flat plate chute. (See Table 5). The manufacturing process shown in FIG. 2, fine iron ore, after mixing processed collectively powder coal and water, in the step of mixing process again adding a binder (using bentonite), of the of the present invention Applicable to the method.
[0053]
Case C shown in Table 5 is a conventional example using a fret mill conventionally used as a mixer, and is a case where all raw materials are collectively processed. Case E is a case where a fret mill is used for the mixer. The present invention example, in which powder iron ore, powdered coal and moisture are mixed and mixed and then mixed again after adding a binder, Case F is a high speed This is an example of the present invention in which fine iron ore, fine coal and water are mixed and mixed using a stirring mixer (rotation speed: 300 rpm), and then a binder is added and mixed again.
[0054]
The metallization of the resulting reduced iron Table 9 (and constant at all moisture of the forming material is 11mass%), also shows the relationship between the metallization ratio of water and reduced iron of the forming material in FIG. In the present invention example, a high metallization rate was obtained when the raw material moisture during molding was 6 to 18 mass%. In particular, when a high-speed stirring mixer was used, the metallization rate was high, but even if the mixer was a fret mill, the metallization rate was increased by adding the binder and mixing again after mixing the raw materials and moisture. Improved.
[0055]
<Molded into briquettes by adding a binder>
In accordance with the production process shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, briquettes were produced using a double roll compressor having a roll diameter of 2.0 m, and reduced iron was produced by charging into a rotary bed furnace with a flat plate chute. (See Table 6).
[0056]
Case G1 and G2 shown in Table 6 in the conventional example using a fret mill as mixers, have shifted also in the case of batch process all material. Cases I1 and I2 are cases in which a fret mill is used in the mixer, but the present invention is an example of the present invention in which fine iron ore, fine coal and moisture are mixed together and then a binder (using tar) is added and mixed again. Cases J1 and J2 are examples of the present invention in which a high-speed stirring mixer (rotational speed: 300 rpm) was used to perform a batch mixing process of powdered iron ore, powdered coal, and moisture, and then a binder was added and mixed again. Here, Cases G2 , I2, and J2 are cases in which powdery coal previously dried is used.
[0057]
Table 9 shows the metallization ratio of the obtained reduced iron. Note that the moisture content of the molding raw material was constant at 11 mass%.
[0058]
As is apparent from this result, a higher metallization rate was obtained with the inventive example using a high-speed stirring mixer with a rotation speed of 300 rpm. Moreover, even if the mixer was a fret mill, the metallization rate was higher when the raw material and moisture were mixed and then the binder was mixed. Furthermore, when all the raw materials were mixed and processed at once, the case where the powdered coal was dried in advance showed a higher metalization rate.
[0059]
[Table 9]
Figure 0004022941
[0060]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, when powdered iron ore and a powdered solid reducing agent are mixed, molded, and charged into a rotary bed furnace, the strength of the molded product is increased and the powder is rotated with less powdering. The raw material that can be charged into the floor furnace can be molded, and the unevenness of firing can be eliminated to improve the productivity of reduced iron. Moreover, the pole since the force to be agglomerated with a small amount of the binder becomes possible, it is possible to suppress the deterioration in the quality of the reduced iron due to the addition of the increase in manufacturing cost, or a binder.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an example of a conventional process for producing reduced iron performed using a rotary bed furnace.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an example of a manufacturing process in which the method of the present invention can be implemented.
FIG. 3 is an example of the results obtained in the examples, and is a diagram showing the relationship between the rotational speed of the high-speed stirring blade and the metallization rate of reduced iron.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the results obtained in Examples, showing the relationship between the moisture content of the forming raw material and the metallization rate of reduced iron.

Claims (1)

粉状鉄原料と粉状固体還元剤と水分とバインダーとを混合し、成形した原料を水平回転移動する加熱炉床に装入し焼成して還元鉄を製造するに際し、粉状鉄原料、粉状固体還元剤および水分を一括して混合処理した後、バインダーを添加して再度混合処理した原料を成形することを特徴とする還元鉄製造原料の成形方法。  When powdered iron raw material, powdered solid reducing agent, moisture and binder are mixed, the formed raw material is charged into a heated hearth that moves horizontally and fired to produce reduced iron. A method for forming a reduced iron production raw material, which comprises mixing a solid solid reducing agent and water in a lump and then forming a raw material that is mixed again by adding a binder.
JP17205297A 1997-06-27 1997-06-27 Method for forming reduced iron production raw material Expired - Fee Related JP4022941B2 (en)

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