JP4023605B2 - Double air membrane panel - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure of a double air membrane panel disposed on a roof surface.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional membrane roof structure, there exists a thing described in prior art document 1, for example. As in this prior art document 1, in the membrane roof, frame-like frames are arranged vertically and horizontally along the roof surface so that the roof surface becomes a continuous body of rectangular surfaces, and each frame-like frame is A rectangular membrane is disposed so as to cover the entire surface of each defined rectangular surface, thereby forming a target roof surface with a plurality of membranes. The entire outer periphery of each film is fixed to a frame constituting a rectangular frame.
[0003]
Here, a double air membrane may be employed as the membrane constituting the membrane roof. Even in this case, as shown in FIG. 15, the frame 50 made of a rectangular frame as shown in FIG. 16 is supported along the roof surface while being supported by the steel frames arranged vertically and horizontally along the roof surface. A double air film 51 having a rectangular shape in plan view is disposed in each frame 50 that is continuously arranged and constitutes each frame, and the entire outer periphery of the double air air film is fixed to the frame 50. As a result, the target membrane roof is constructed.
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 16B, the double air film 51 is composed of an upper film 51a and a lower film 51b that are vertically opposed to each other. The upper film 51a and the lower film 51b The space between them is a sealed space. By pressurizing and inflating the sealed space, the upper film 51a has an upward convex curved surface and the lower film 51b has a downward convex curved surface, and the film surface is rigid due to the applied tension, as described above. It is stably held in a specific film shape.
[0005]
In addition, when the snow is piled up or when the wind is strong, the internal pressure of the sealed space is slightly increased to increase the rigidity that resists external force and the film is held in the desired shape.
Here, the double air film 51 is used as a shape as shown in FIG. 16B by pressure-feeding air into the sealed space. As shown, the frame 50 is fixed to the frame 50 with a margin so as to have a cross-sectional shape that is convex downward.
[0006]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-141124
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, since the conventional double air film 51 structure is shaped to swell up and down by pressurization during use, generally, in the non-pressurized state, both the upper film 51a and the lower film 51b are on the lower side. It has a structure that can easily form a convex curved surface. Therefore, when the internal pressure is lowered, the shape of the lower film 51b has no role of holding the shape of the upper film 51a.
[0008]
In the conventional double air membrane structure, when the external force due to snow or the like is too great or the pressure in the sealed space is reduced, the convex membrane surface is partially formed on the upper side as shown in FIG. By reversing, a partial recess is formed, and water accumulates in the recess, and the load may cause further recess-shaped deformation to lead to deterioration of the film material.
FIG. 17 shows a double air membrane panel constituting an inclined roof surface, and the snow on the membrane slides down along the inclination of the membrane surface, but the lower side of the frame 50 located at the eaves is covered with snow. This is an example of the case where the concave portion for storing the water (snow) is formed in the film (upper film 51a) by stopping the slippage. Then, once the concave portion where water has accumulated is formed, the snow sliding down from the upper side rides on the concave portion, and the load at the concave portion increases, so that the concave portion expands, leading to deterioration of the film. There is a fear.
[0009]
In order to prevent this, conventionally, an excessive backup device is prepared so that the internal pressure of the sealed space does not decrease, and sufficient pressure is applied to the sealed space to increase the rigidity of the membrane surface. Need to increase.
In addition, when a recess is formed in the membrane and water accumulates in the recess, a drainage device for removing water accumulated on the membrane surface is prepared in consideration of the case where the recess cannot be eliminated simply by increasing the internal pressure. There is a need.
The present invention has been made paying attention to the above points, and an object of the present invention is to provide a double air film structure in which a recess in which water accumulates is difficult to be formed.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention described in claim 1 of the present invention is arranged so as to cover the frame constituting the frame and the surface in the frame, and the outer peripheral portion is supported by the frame. The double air film is composed of an upper film and a lower film that are opposed to each other in the vertical direction, and a space between the upper film and the lower film is a sealed space that can be pressurized. In double air membrane panel,
At least one of a pair of sides facing in the one direction in the frame is arranged to be shifted downward from sides other than the pair of sides,
The underlayer is attached to the frame in a state where the contour along the one direction is an upwardly convex arc shape in an unpressurized state.
[0011]
Further, the invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in contrast to the configuration described in claim 1, the lower membrane is supported by the frame in a non-pressurized state and a tensile tension is applied. Is.
Here, the frame shape and the degree of initial tension are adjusted so that the surface of the lower membrane when no pressure is applied is, for example, an HP curved surface (hyperbolic parabolic surface).
[0012]
Moreover, it is not always necessary to apply the initial tension. For example, by cutting the lower membrane into the above-mentioned HP curved surface shape, in an unpressurized state, the contour along the one direction is an upwardly convex arc shape. It is also possible to make it a state.
According to the present invention, when no pressure is applied, the lower membrane is set to have an upwardly convex arc shape in the direction along the one side. The lower film has a shape that can easily ensure a water gradient due to the circular arc shape that is convex above the film. For this reason, the water placed on the upper film becomes slippery, and it becomes difficult to form a steady recess in which water accumulates on the upper film.
[0013]
If the membrane surface is rigid enough to maintain the shape by applying tension to the lower membrane in a non-pressurized state, even if the internal pressure in the sealed space is lowered, It is possible to support the upper membrane whose internal pressure is lowered and rigidity is lowered while the upward arc-shaped arc shape is maintained in the above direction.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, the contour of the lower membrane along the one direction is formed into an upwardly convex arc shape, so that water or snow on the upper membrane is likely to slide down along the arc. However, by disposing the side of the frame located at the end of the frame so as to be shifted downward, it is possible to prevent the water or snow that has slipped off by the side from being stopped. It is difficult to form a recess in which water or the like is constantly accumulated.
[0014]
In addition, when arrange | positioning on a substantially flat roof surface, since water etc. will slide down to both of said one pair of sides, respectively, the said one pair of sides is shifted and arrange | positioned together below. However, in the case of being arranged on an inclined roof surface, only the side portion located on the lower side in the inclination of the roof surface among the pair of side portions may be shifted downward.
[0015]
When initial tension is applied to the lower membrane, it may be applied along the one direction. However, when initial tension is applied from at least two orthogonal directions, higher rigidity is reduced. The film can be applied to the film, and the upper film can be stably supported by setting the lower film to a desired shape when no pressure is applied.
Next, the invention described in claim 3 is a double air membrane panel disposed on a roof surface inclined to one side, and left and right side portions extending along the inclination direction of the roof surface, and A frame comprising an upper side and a lower side connecting the upper and lower ends of each of the side sides, and a frame that is arranged so as to cover a surface in the frame, and an outer peripheral portion is supported by the frame. The double air film is composed of an upper film and a lower film that are opposed to each other in the vertical direction, and a space between the upper film and the lower film is a sealed space that can be pressurized. In double air membrane panel,
The lower side part is arranged to be shifted downward from the upper side part and the pair of side parts.
[0016]
Next, the invention described in claim 4 is characterized in that, in the configuration described in claim 3, the underlayer is supported by the frame in a non-pressurized state and in a state in which a tensile tension is applied. To do.
According to the present invention, the lower side portion of the side portions of the frame that supports the double air membrane is shifted downward, so that water or the like that has slid down in the inclination direction of the roof surface along the upper membrane is at the lower side portion. It is prevented from flowing in the lower direction without being stopped so that the concave portion in which the water or the like accumulates is formed in the vicinity of the lower side portion.
[0017]
In addition, if a tensile tension is applied to the lower membrane in a non-pressurized state, it is possible to suppress a downward displacement of the lower membrane.
Next, the invention described in claim 5 is directed to the structure described in claim 3 or claim 4 and extends from the upper side portion toward the lower side portion to support at least the lower membrane. Each cable is provided with a strip or more cable, and each cable has an upper end fixed to an upper side and a lower end fixed to a support column protruding upward from the lower side.
[0018]
When the size of the double air membrane panel is increased, the addition of rigidity to the membrane surface due to internal pressure is disadvantageous. However, according to the present invention, the double membrane is reinforced by the cable, and the size of the panel can be accommodated. At the same time, by positioning the lower end position above the lower side of the frame, the downward displacement (sag) of the lower membrane regulated by the lower cable is reduced, and the lower membrane has a water gradient with respect to the upper membrane. It becomes possible to make it a shape that can be secured.
[0019]
Next, the invention described in claim 6 is the non-structure between the upper film and the lower film constituting the double air film in the structure described in any one of claims 1 to 5. It is characterized in that one or two or more thin films made of a body are inserted.
Here, the thin film made of a non-structural body may be made of a film material that is easier to extend than the upper film and the lower film.
According to the present invention, one or a plurality of thin films are disposed between the upper film and the lower film, so that a plurality of air layers are formed above and below, thereby improving heat insulation.
In addition, since the said thin film is a non-structural body, the deformation | transformation of an upper film and a lower film is not restrict | limited.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view for explaining a double air membrane panel P of the present embodiment.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the double air membrane panel P of the present embodiment is arranged in a substantially rectangular frame-like frame 2 and a space defined by the frame 2, and the outer peripheral portion is the frame. 2 and a double air film M fixed to 2.
[0021]
The frame 2 forms a substantially rectangular frame with two first side portions 2 (side portions) facing in the left-right direction and two second side portions 3 facing in the front-rear direction. In the frame 2 of the embodiment, the second side part 3 rather than the first side part 2 so that the two second side parts 3 are shifted downward from the surface formed between the two first side parts 2. Are arranged so as to be shifted downward, and accordingly, the end of the first side 2 and the end of the second side 3 are connected by connecting sides 4 extending substantially in the vertical direction.
[0022]
A double air film M is disposed in a space defined by the substantially rectangular frame 2, and the entire outer periphery of the double air film M is fixed to the frame 2.
Here, in this embodiment, the front-rear direction in which the two second sides 3 face each other corresponds to “one direction” recited in the claims, and the left and right in which the two first sides 2 face each other. The direction is a direction orthogonal to “one direction”.
[0023]
The double air film M is formed of an upper film 5 and a lower film 6 that are opposed to each other in the vertical direction, and the outer peripheral part of the upper film 5 and the outer peripheral part of the lower film 6 are integrated, so that the upper film 5 The space between the lower membrane 6 and the lower membrane 6 constitutes a sealed space 7 that can be pressurized. The upper film 5 and the lower film 6 are made of a stretchable film material such as a vinyl chloride film or a fluororesin film. Reference numerals 5 and 6 indicate the film itself and the contour at that position.
[0024]
The double air film M has a shape corresponding to a rectangular shape defined by the frame 2 in plan view. However, as shown in FIG. 4, it is slightly more than the rectangle defined by the frame 2 so that tension along the front-rear direction and the left-right direction is applied to the lower membrane 6 when the frame 2 is fixed. It is cut into small pieces, each side of the outer periphery of the double membrane is pulled to the corresponding side of the frame 2, and is fixed to the side in a state where tension is applied in a non-pressurized state.
[0025]
At this time, since tension is applied so that both end portions in the front-rear direction of the lower membrane 6 are pulled obliquely downward without pressure, the contour of the lower membrane 6 along the front-rear direction is A convex parabola, that is, an upwardly convex arc shape. In addition, the outline along the left-right direction of the lower film | membrane 6 becomes a circular arc shape along the lower side (position of the code | symbol 6a). In other words, the lower membrane 6 can be stably held with a predetermined rigidity on the surface on which the HP curved surface (hyperbolic parabolic surface) is formed by applying the tension as described above even in an unloaded state.
[0026]
In addition, although it is good also as a state which applied the tension | tensile_strength in the non-pressurized state also to the upper film | membrane 5, the state which is not added may be sufficient.
Further, although tension is applied in the left-right direction, it is not always necessary. When the tension in the left-right direction is applied, the rigidity of the film surface becomes higher, and the contour along the vertical direction of the lower film 6 is surely formed as a convex parabola.
[0027]
Here, in FIG. 1, a line 6 a indicated by a broken line is the lower film 6 along the front-rear direction and the left-right direction when no pressure is applied. In this embodiment, since no tension is particularly applied to the upper film 5 when no pressure is applied, the upper film 5 is placed on the lower film 6, and a surface along the lower film 6, that is, an HP curved surface. It has become a shape.
In this state, when air is pumped and pressurized into the sealed space 7, the lower membrane 6 is displaced downward against the initial tension, but the HP curved surface shape is maintained (position 6). In the figure, the alternate long and short dash line is the contour when the lower membrane 6 is pressed. Further, the upper film 5 is in a state of swelling so as to protrude upward. A solid line 5 in FIG. 1 is an outline when the upper film 5 is pressed.
[0028]
And the target roof film | membrane is formed by assembling | attaching the panel of the said double air film | membrane structure to the steel frame of a roof along the target roof surface, and arrange | positioning continuously vertically and horizontally.
Here, in the case of being arranged on a flat or substantially flat roof surface portion, the panel of the double air membrane structure may face either direction, but in the case of being arranged on an inclined roof surface portion. Are arranged along the inclination in the front-rear direction. But the axis | shaft of the inclination of a roof surface and the front-back axis | shaft of the panel of the said double air membrane structure may have shifted | deviated.
[0029]
In the double air film structure, even if the internal pressure of the sealed space 7 is reduced, the lower film 6 is held on the HP surface with a predetermined rigidity, so that water and snow on the upper film 5 are not It becomes easy to fall along the shape of the lower film 6. As a result, no steady recess is formed in the upper film 5, so that it is difficult to perform the bonding in which the water or the like is accumulated. Therefore, it is not necessary to prepare an excessive backup device. Even if a temporary concave portion is formed on the upper film 5 due to snow or the like, the concave portion moves according to the slip of snow or the like, and it becomes difficult to form a steady concave portion where water accumulates.
[0030]
Further, when the snow or rain on the upper film 5 slides along the upper film 5 toward the frame 2, the snow or rain that flows in the front-rear direction is arranged with the second side 3 shifted downward. Therefore, the second side portion 3 flows out of the film as it is without slippage being stopped. For this reason, it is not necessary to provide a water draining device for the double air film M.
Moreover, since it is the shape which can always ensure a water gradient with respect to the lower film | membrane 6, the process of dew condensation water is also possible. In addition, by increasing the water gradient, it is possible to improve snow sliding performance and to suppress the snow accumulation on the upper film 5 to be small.
[0031]
Here, in the said embodiment, although the case where the 1st edge | side part 2 which opposes right and left is linear form, it is good also as a circular arc convex upward like FIG. In this way, the water gradient of the lower membrane 6 can be increased.
The second side 3 that opposes in the front-rear direction may also be a rod that extends in an arc shape. In the case of the second side 3, a downwardly convex arc shape is preferable.
[0032]
Moreover, although the said 1st side part 2 and the 2nd side part 3 illustrated in the case where there is no rapid curvature change along the extending direction, such as linear form or circular arc shape, it does not limit to this. In accordance with the surface shape on which the panel having the double air membrane structure is installed, for example, the first side 2 is bent in the middle (a shape having a sharp curvature change in the middle). good.
[0033]
In addition, when no pressure is applied, the shape of the contour along one direction being an upwardly convex arc shape is not limited to the method of applying initial tension to the lower membrane as described above. In addition to the initial tension or instead of the initial tension, the lower membrane may be formed by cutting in advance so that the contour along one direction is an upwardly convex arc shape.
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and demonstrated about the member similar to the said embodiment.
[0034]
The double air membrane panel P of the first embodiment can be applied to any roof surface, but the double air membrane panel P of the second embodiment is fixed toward one side. Applicable to roof surfaces with slopes.
The double air membrane panel P of the present embodiment is also composed of a frame 2 forming a rectangular frame and a double air membrane M arranged in the frame 2.
[0035]
As shown in FIG. 6, the frame 2 includes two first side portions 2 (side portions) facing left and right extending along the inclination direction of the roof surface, and the two first side portions 2. The upper side 3A is connected between the upper ends, and the lower side 3B is connected between the lower ends of the two first sides 2. However, the lower side 3B is shifted downward from the surface formed by the other three sides, and the both ends of the lower side 3B and the lower end of the first side 2 extend substantially vertically. They are connected at the connecting side 4.
[0036]
And the double air film | membrane M is arrange | positioned so that the surface formed by the said 4 side part may be covered, and the outer periphery whole periphery of the double air film | membrane M is being fixed to each side part, respectively.
In such a double air membrane panel P, the snow on the upper membrane 5 slides down along the slope of the roof surface and is not stopped by the lower side portion 3B of the frame 2 without being stopped by the double air membrane. Fall out of M.
[0037]
In addition, when the internal pressure of the sealed space 7 is lowered, in the case where the tension is not applied to the lower membrane 6 without applying pressure, the membrane draws a convex arc shape (parabola) on the lower side, If the downward displacement amount (sag) is smaller than the inclination of the roof surface, snow or the like on the upper membrane 5 slides downward along the upper membrane 5.
Here, the lower film 6 of the double air film M does not necessarily need to be given a tension when no pressure is applied. However, the lower film 6 has a tension at least in the front-rear direction when no pressure is applied. If it is added, it is easy to ensure a water gradient even when the gradient of the roof surface to be installed is small.
[0038]
Moreover, although the case where each said side part is linear form is illustrated, you may set so that it may become circular arc shape.
Further, when the double air membrane panel P is enlarged (for example, one unit is 10 m × 10 m in size) and has a large span, as shown in FIGS. Cables 11 and 12 are arranged at a place or a plurality of places to reinforce the film.
[0039]
Each cable 11, 12 is composed of a cable 11 that holds the upper membrane 5 and a cable 12 that holds the lower membrane 6. Each cable 11, 12 has its upper end fixed to the upper side 3 </ b> A and the upper membrane 5 or lower The film 6 extends downward along the membrane 6 and has a lower end fixed to an upper end of a support column protruding upward from the lower side 3B. By raising the lower end position of the cables 11 and 12 to the upper side of the lower side part 3B, the cable 12 can suppress the downward sag (sag amount) of the lower membrane 6 to be small.
[0040]
Thus, even if the internal pressure of the sealed space 7 is reduced by holding the double air film M from the upper and lower sides with the cables 11 and 12, the upper film 5 exists on the lower film 6 as shown in FIG. 9. Therefore, it becomes easy to ensure the water gradient on the upper surface, and the same effect as the panel in the case of the small size is obtained.
Further, in order to provide stability against external forces such as wind pressure and snow accumulation, the inner pressure of the sealed space 7 is increased to increase the rigidity of the membrane surface. By limiting the bulge, as shown in FIG. 10A, the radius R of the curvature of the film surface can be made smaller than when the cables 11 and 12 are not provided (see FIG. 10B). Therefore, compared with the case where the cables 11 and 12 are not provided, the tension T (= P · R) generated in the film is reduced if the internal pressure is the same, and the strength set in the film is compared with the case where the cables 11 and 12 are not used. Can be set small, and it is possible to handle a large span.
[0041]
Here, as shown in FIG. 11, the side portion 2 may have an upwardly convex arc shape to further ensure a water gradient.
FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 show examples of roofs employing the above-mentioned large span double air membrane panel P. FIG. In FIGS. 12 and 13B, the frame is omitted so that the outline of the film can be seen.
[0042]
Further, in each of the above embodiments, the case where there is no thin film 20 between the upper film 5 and the lower film 6 constituting the double air film is illustrated, but as shown in FIG. Between the film 6, one layer or a plurality of thin films 20 made of a stretchable film material that does not constitute a structure (a single layer is illustrated in FIG. 14) may be disposed.
The inside of the double air film is separated into a plurality of air layers in the vertical direction by the thin film 20, thereby improving the heat insulation and heat retention of the double air film.
[0043]
Since the thin film 20 is a non-structure, the pressures of the upper and lower air layers partitioned by the thin film 20 are equal. Further, the thin film 20 does not limit the deformation of the upper film 5.
The thin film 20 may have a hole through which air flows, or the air hole may not open.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, when the double air membrane panel of the present invention is used, even if the double air membrane causes a decrease in internal pressure, the membrane surface is reversed and water or snow is always accumulated. There is an effect that it can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a double air membrane panel according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
FIGS. 4A and 4B are views showing a double air film before being attached to a frame according to the first embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIG. 4A is a plan view and FIG.
FIG. 5 is a view showing a modification of the double air membrane panel according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a double air membrane panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a double air membrane panel according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
8 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line DD in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG.
10A and 10B are schematic diagrams for explaining the operation of the cable, in which FIG. 10A is a diagram of the present embodiment, and FIG. 10B is a diagram of a comparative example.
FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a modification of the double air membrane panel according to the second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a view showing an installation example of a double air membrane panel according to a second embodiment based on the present invention, and FIG. 12 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line FF of FIG.
FIG. 13 is a view showing an installation example of a double air membrane panel according to a second embodiment based on the present invention, and (b) is a GG sectional view of (a) (frame is omitted).
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing an example in which a thin film is interposed between double air films.
FIG. 15 shows an air membrane roof.
16A and 16B are diagrams showing a conventional double air membrane panel, where FIG. 16A is a plan view, FIG. 16B is a side sectional view in a pressurized state, and FIG. 16C is a side sectional view in a non-pressurized state. is there.
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a conventional problem.
[Explanation of symbols]
P Double air membrane panel M Double air membrane 1 Frame 2 First side (side)
3 Second side 3A Upper side 3B Lower side 4 Connection side 5 Upper membrane (contour)
6 Inferior membrane (contour)
7 Sealed space 10 Prop 11 Cable (upper cable)
12 cable (lower cable)
20 thin film

Claims (6)

A frame that constitutes a frame, and a double air film that is disposed so as to cover a surface in the frame and whose outer peripheral portion is supported by the frame. In the double air membrane panel, which is composed of a membrane and a lower membrane, and the space between the upper membrane and the lower membrane is a sealed space capable of being pressurized,
At least one of a pair of sides facing in the one direction in the frame is arranged to be shifted downward from sides other than the pair of sides,
The double air membrane panel according to claim 1, wherein the lower membrane is attached in the frame in a state where the contour along the one direction is an upwardly convex arc shape in an unpressurized state. 2. The double air membrane panel according to claim 1, wherein the lower membrane is supported by the frame in a non-pressurized state and in a state in which a tensile tension is applied. It is a double air membrane panel arranged on a roof surface inclined to one side, and connects the left and right side portions extending along the inclination direction of the roof surface and the upper and lower end portions of the two side portions, respectively. A frame comprising an upper side portion and a lower side portion and constituting a frame; and a double air film disposed so as to cover a surface in the frame and having an outer peripheral portion supported by the frame, In the double air membrane panel, the air membrane is composed of an upper membrane and a lower membrane facing each other vertically, and a space between the upper membrane and the lower membrane is a sealed space capable of being pressurized.
The double air membrane panel, wherein the lower side portion is arranged to be shifted downward from the upper side portion and the pair of side sides. The double air membrane panel according to claim 3, wherein the lower membrane is supported by the frame in a non-pressurized state and a tensile tension is applied. One or two or more cables extending from the upper side part toward the lower side part and supporting the lower membrane are provided, and each cable has an upper end fixed to the upper side part, and a lower end part is the lower side. The double air membrane panel according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the double air membrane panel is fixed to a support column protruding upward from the portion. The thin film which consists of a non-structural body is inserted between the upper film and lower film which constitute a double air film, or one layer or two layers or more, The any one of Claim 1-5 characterized by the above-mentioned. The double air membrane panel described in the item.

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