JP4024562B2 - Production method of ketones - Google Patents
Production method of ketones Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4024562B2 JP4024562B2 JP2002062662A JP2002062662A JP4024562B2 JP 4024562 B2 JP4024562 B2 JP 4024562B2 JP 2002062662 A JP2002062662 A JP 2002062662A JP 2002062662 A JP2002062662 A JP 2002062662A JP 4024562 B2 JP4024562 B2 JP 4024562B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- mmol
- ring
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- aromatic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- -1 imide compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 64
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetaldehyde Diethyl Acetal Natural products CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical class [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 34
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 32
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 27
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000006574 non-aromatic ring group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000005462 imide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 78
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 72
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 54
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 31
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 29
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 26
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 26
- CFMZSMGAMPBRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(O)C(=O)C2=C1 CFMZSMGAMPBRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 19
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 16
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- VCTJSLKBPLOIOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridecan-5-one Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC(=O)CCCC VCTJSLKBPLOIOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentane Chemical compound C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BZKFMUIJRXWWQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclopentenone Chemical compound O=C1CCC=C1 BZKFMUIJRXWWQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 6
- NEHNMFOYXAPHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N citronellal Chemical compound O=CCC(C)CCC=C(C)C NEHNMFOYXAPHSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical group C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical compound C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 150000001728 carbonyl compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 5
- GDWAYKGILJJNBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl 2-prop-2-enylpropanedioate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(CC=C)C(=O)OCC GDWAYKGILJJNBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N norbornene Chemical compound C1[C@@H]2CC[C@H]1C=C2 JFNLZVQOOSMTJK-KNVOCYPGSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DCTOHCCUXLBQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-undecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC=C DCTOHCCUXLBQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrolein Chemical compound C=CC=O HGINCPLSRVDWNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic aldehyde Chemical compound CCC=O NBBJYMSMWIIQGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002029 aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyric aldehyde Natural products CCCC=O ZTQSAGDEMFDKMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene Chemical compound C1CC=CC1 LPIQUOYDBNQMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000003754 ethoxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC)* 0.000 description 4
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229930195735 unsaturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 4
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OUZLROHALHKYIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-chloro-2-hydroxyisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C=C2C(=O)N(O)C(=O)C2=C1 OUZLROHALHKYIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KNDQHSIWLOJIGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 826-62-0 Chemical class C1C2C3C(=O)OC(=O)C3C1C=C2 KNDQHSIWLOJIGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-Et ester-Fumaric acid Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N Diethyl maleate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Indole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=CC2=C1 SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HETCEOQFVDFGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropenyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=C)OC(C)=O HETCEOQFVDFGSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiophene Chemical compound C=1C=CSC=1 YTPLMLYBLZKORZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000005161 aryl oxy carbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzonitrile Chemical compound N#CC1=CC=CC=C1 JFDZBHWFFUWGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- PBGVMIDTGGTBFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 PBGVMIDTGGTBFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 3
- 235000000983 citronellal Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229930003633 citronellal Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000001925 cycloalkenes Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005170 cycloalkyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-AATRIKPKSA-N diethyl fumarate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCC IEPRKVQEAMIZSS-AATRIKPKSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004177 diethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000005740 oxycarbonyl group Chemical group [*:1]OC([*:2])=O 0.000 description 3
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 150000007934 α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N (-)-α-pinene Chemical compound CC1=CC[C@@H]2C(C)(C)[C@H]1C2 GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-IUCAKERBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GGQQNYXPYWCUHG-RMTFUQJTSA-N (3e,6e)-deca-3,6-diene Chemical group CCC\C=C\C\C=C\CC GGQQNYXPYWCUHG-RMTFUQJTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XWJBRBSPAODJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,7-octadiene Chemical compound C=CCCCCC=C XWJBRBSPAODJER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UTMYVNDGZHRHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl)pentan-1-one Chemical compound C1CC2C(C(=O)CCCC)CC1C2 UTMYVNDGZHRHNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Heptene Chemical compound CCCCCC=C ZGEGCLOFRBLKSE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical group C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-decene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=C AFFLGGQVNFXPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexadecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC=C GQEZCXVZFLOKMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WGLLSSPDPJPLOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylbut-2-ene Chemical compound CC(C)=C(C)C WGLLSSPDPJPLOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Hexene Natural products CCCC=CC RYPKRALMXUUNKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RCBGGJURENJHKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylhept-1-ene Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)=C RCBGGJURENJHKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C=C CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- YGHRJJRRZDOVPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylbutanal Chemical compound CC(C)CC=O YGHRJJRRZDOVPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SHOJXDKTYKFBRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methyl-3-penten-2-one, 9CI Chemical compound CC(C)=CC(C)=O SHOJXDKTYKFBRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBTRJNIDRHPNLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-2-hydroxyisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=C2C(=O)N(O)C(=O)C2=C1 DBTRJNIDRHPNLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetamide Chemical compound CC(N)=O DLFVBJFMPXGRIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical class OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropylaldehyde Chemical compound CC(C)C=O AMIMRNSIRUDHCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Menthone Chemical compound CC(C)C1CCC(C)CC1=O NFLGAXVYCFJBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical class CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQTADLQHYWFPDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Hydroxysuccinimide Chemical compound ON1C(=O)CCC1=O NQTADLQHYWFPDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrazine Chemical compound C1=CN=CC=N1 KYQCOXFCLRTKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridazine Chemical compound C1=CC=NN=C1 PBMFSQRYOILNGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QJZUKDFHGGYHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-3-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CN=C1 QJZUKDFHGGYHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGUWFUQJCDRPTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=NC=C1 BGUWFUQJCDRPTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinazoline Chemical compound N1=CN=CC2=CC=CC=C21 JWVCLYRUEFBMGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGIHSLRMNXWCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline-3-carbaldehyde Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C=O)=CN=C21 RYGIHSLRMNXWCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N rac-alpha-Pinene Natural products CC1=CCC2C(C)(C)C1C2 GRWFGVWFFZKLTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229940014800 succinic anhydride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfinic acid Chemical compound OS=O BUUPQKDIAURBJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000626 sulfinic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N terephthalaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 KUCOHFSKRZZVRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)C=C ISXSCDLOGDJUNJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachloromethane Chemical compound ClC(Cl)(Cl)Cl VZGDMQKNWNREIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrachlorophthalic anhydride Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1Cl AUHHYELHRWCWEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiadiazole Chemical compound C1=CSN=N1.C1=CSN=N1 VLLMWSRANPNYQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930192474 thiophene Natural products 0.000 description 1
- VNXUJPCYZSNXDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiopyran-4-one Chemical group O=C1C=CSC=C1 VNXUJPCYZSNXDG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BWHOZHOGCMHOBV-BQYQJAHWSA-N trans-benzylideneacetone Chemical compound CC(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 BWHOZHOGCMHOBV-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFDIRQKJPRINOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N transbutenic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC ZFDIRQKJPRINOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic anhydride Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=C1 SRPWOOOHEPICQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/50—Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
- Y02P20/55—Design of synthesis routes, e.g. reducing the use of auxiliary or protecting groups
Landscapes
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、イミド化合物触媒を用いたケトン類の製造法、より詳細には、特定のイミド化合物の存在下で、アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体とオレフィンとを反応させて、付加生成物であるケトン又はそのアセタール誘導体を製造する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
アルデヒドから誘導されるアシルラジカルのオレフィンへの付加反応は、カルボニル基を導入する方法として古くから知られている。この反応は、マレイン酸エステルなどの一部の電子不足オレフィンにのみ適応可能であり、通常のオレフィンに利用することは困難である。これは、アシルラジカルがオレフィンに付加して生成した付加ラジカルのアルデヒドからの水素引き抜きが起こりにくいためであると考えられている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従って、本発明の目的は、電子不足オレフィンだけでなく通常のオレフィンを用いても、アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体との反応により、付加生成物であるケトン類を温和な条件で効率よく製造できる方法を提供することにある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、前記目的を達成するため鋭意検討した結果、特定構造のイミド化合物の存在下で、アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体とオレフィンとを反応させると、温和な条件で対応する付加生成物であるケトン又はそのアセタール誘導体が効率よく得られることを見出し、本発明を完成した。
【0005】
すなわち、本発明は、下記式(I)
【化3】
[式中、Xは酸素原子又はOH基を示す]
で表される環状イミド骨格を有するイミド化合物(Fedorsの方法による溶解度パラメーター[エステル結合を構成する酸素原子(− O −)の蒸発エネルギーが3350J/mol、モル体積が3.8cm 3 /molとなる温度(25℃)での値]が26[(MPa)1/2]以下である環状イミド骨格を有するイミド化合物を除く)の存在下、アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体とオレフィンとを反応させて、対応する付加生成物であるケトン又はそのアセタール誘導体を得ることを特徴とするケトン類の製造法を提供する。
【0006】
前記イミド化合物には、下記式(1)
【化4】
[式中、R1及びR2は、同一又は異なって、水素原子、ハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アリール基、シクロアルキル基、ヒドロキシル基、アルコキシ基、カルボキシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アシル基を示し、R1及びR2は互いに結合して二重結合、又は芳香族性若しくは非芳香族性の環を形成してもよい。Xは酸素原子又はOH基を示す。前記R1、R2、又はR1及びR2が互いに結合して形成された二重結合又は芳香族性若しくは非芳香族性の環には、上記式(1)中に示されるN−置換環状イミド基がさらに1又は2個形成されていてもよい]
で表される化合物が含まれる。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
[イミド化合物触媒]
本発明では、触媒として、前記式(I)で表される環状イミド骨格を有するイミド化合物(Fedorsの方法による溶解度パラメーター[エステル結合を構成する酸素原子(− O −)の蒸発エネルギーが3350J/mol、モル体積が3.8cm 3 /molとなる温度(25℃)での値]が26[(MPa) 1/2 ]以下である環状イミド骨格を有するイミド化合物を除く)を用いる。
【0008】
式(I)において、窒素原子とXとの結合は単結合又は二重結合である。前記イミド化合物は、分子中に、式(I)で表されるN−置換環状イミド骨格を複数個有していてもよい。
【0012】
前記イミド化合物の代表的な例として、前記式(1)で表されるイミド化合物(Fedorsの方法による溶解度パラメーター[エステル結合を構成する酸素原子(− O −)の蒸発エネルギーが3350J/mol、モル体積が3.8cm 3 /molとなる温度(25℃)での値]が26[(MPa) 1/2 ]以下である環状イミド骨格を有するイミド化合物を除く)が挙げられる。このイミド化合物において、置換基R1及びR2のうちハロゲン原子には、ヨウ素、臭素、塩素およびフッ素原子が含まれる。アルキル基には、例えば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、s−ブチル、t−ブチル、ヘキシル、デシル基などの炭素数1〜10程度の直鎖状又は分岐鎖状アルキル基が含まれる。好ましいアルキル基としては、例えば、炭素数1〜6程度、特に炭素数1〜4程度の低級アルキル基が挙げられる。
【0013】
アリール基には、フェニル、ナフチル基などが含まれ、シクロアルキル基には、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル基などが含まれる。アルコキシ基には、例えば、メトキシ、エトキシ、イソプロポキシ、ブトキシ、t−ブトキシ、ヘキシルオキシ基などの炭素数1〜10程度、好ましくは炭素数1〜6程度、特に炭素数1〜4程度の低級アルコキシ基が含まれる。
【0014】
アルコキシカルボニル基には、例えば、メトキシカルボニル、エトキシカルボニル、イソプロポキシカルボニル、ブトキシカルボニル、t−ブトキシカルボニル、ヘキシルオキシカルボニル基などのアルコキシ部分の炭素数が1〜10程度のアルコキシカルボニル基が含まれる。好ましいカルボニル基にはアルコキシ部分の炭素数が1〜6程度、特に1〜4程度の低級アルコキシカルボニル基が含まれる。アシル基としては、例えば、ホルミル、アセチル、プロピオニル、ブチリル、イソブチリル、バレリル、イソバレリル、ピバロイル基などの炭素数1〜6程度のアシル基が例示できる。
【0015】
前記置換基R1及びR2は、同一又は異なっていてもよい。また、前記式(1)において、R1及びR2は互いに結合して、二重結合、または芳香族性又は非芳香属性の環を形成してもよい。好ましい芳香族性又は非芳香族性環は5〜12員環、特に6〜10員環程度であり、複素環又は縮合複素環であってもよいが、炭化水素環である場合が多い。このような環には、例えば、非芳香族性脂環式環(シクロヘキサン環などの置換基を有していてもよいシクロアルカン環、シクロヘキセン環などの置換基を有していてもよいシクロアルケン環など)、非芳香族性橋かけ環(5−ノルボルネン環などの置換基を有していてもよい橋かけ式炭化水素環など)、ベンゼン環、ナフタレン環などの置換基を有していてもよい芳香族環(縮合環を含む)が含まれる。前記環は、芳香族環で構成される場合が多い。前記環は、アルキル基、ハロアルキル基、ヒドロキシル基、アルコキシ基、カルボキシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アシル基、ニトロ基、シアノ基、アミノ基、ハロゲン原子などの置換基を有していてもよい。
【0016】
前記R1、R2、又はR1及びR2が互いに結合して形成された二重結合又は芳香族性若しくは非芳香族性の環には、上記式(1)中に示されるN−置換環状イミド基がさらに1又は2個形成されていてもよい。例えば、R1又はR2が炭素数2以上のアルキル基である場合、このアルキル基を構成する隣接する2つの炭素原子を含んで前記N−置換環状イミド基が形成されていてもよい。また、R1及びR2が互いに結合して二重結合を形成する場合、該二重結合を含んで前記N−置換環状イミド基が形成されていてもよい。さらに、R1及びR2が互いに結合して芳香族性若しくは非芳香族性の環を形成する場合、該環を構成する隣接する2つの炭素原子を含んで前記N−置換環状イミド基が形成されていてもよい。
【0017】
好ましいイミド化合物には、下記式で表される化合物が含まれる。
【化5】
(式中、R3〜R6は、同一又は異なって、水素原子、アルキル基、ハロアルキル基、ヒドロキシル基、アルコキシ基、カルボキシル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アシル基、ニトロ基、シアノ基、アミノ基、ハロゲン原子を示す。R3〜R6は、隣接する基同士が互いに結合して芳香族性又は非芳香族性の環を形成していてもよい。式(1f)中、Aはメチレン基又は酸素原子を示す。R1、R2、Xは前記に同じ。式(1c)のベンゼン環には、式(1c)中に示されるN−置換環状イミド基がさらに1又は2個形成されていてもよい)
【0018】
置換基R3〜R6において、アルキル基には、前記例示のアルキル基と同様のアルキル基、特に炭素数1〜6程度のアルキル基が含まれ、ハロアルキル基には、トリフルオロメチル基などの炭素数1〜4程度のハロアルキル基、アルコキシ基には、前記と同様のアルコキシ基、特に炭素数1〜4程度の低級アルコキシ基、アルコキシカルボニル基には、前記と同様のアルコキシカルボニル基、特にアルコキシ部分の炭素数が1〜4程度の低級アルコキシカルボニル基が含まれる。また、アシル基としては、前記と同様のアシル基、特に炭素数1〜6程度のアシル基が例示され、ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素、塩素、臭素原子が例示できる。置換基R3〜R6は、通常、水素原子、炭素数1〜4程度の低級アルキル基、カルボキシル基、ニトロ基、ハロゲン原子である場合が多い。R3〜R6が互いに結合して形成する環としては、前記R1及びR2が互いに結合して形成する環と同様であり、特に芳香族性又は非芳香族性の5〜12員環が好ましい。
【0019】
好ましいイミド化合物の代表的な例として、例えば、N−ヒドロキシコハク酸イミド、N−ヒドロキシマレイン酸イミド、N−ヒドロキシヘキサヒドロフタル酸イミド、N,N′−ジヒドロキシシクロヘキサンテトラカルボン酸イミド、N−ヒドロキシフタル酸イミド、N−ヒドロキシテトラブロモフタル酸イミド、N−ヒドロキシテトラクロロフタル酸イミド、N−ヒドロキシヘット酸イミド、N−ヒドロキシハイミック酸イミド、N−ヒドロキシトリメリット酸イミド、N,N′−ジヒドロキシピロメリット酸イミド、N,N′−ジヒドロキシナフタレンテトラカルボン酸イミドなどのXが−OH基である化合物などが挙げられる。
【0020】
前記イミド化合物のうち、Xが−OH基である化合物は、慣用のイミド化反応、例えば、対応する酸無水物とヒドロキシルアミンNH2OHとを反応させ、酸無水物基の開環及び閉環を経てイミド化する方法により調製できる。前記酸無水物には、例えば、無水コハク酸、無水マレイン酸などの飽和又は不飽和脂肪族ジカルボン酸無水物、テトラヒドロ無水フタル酸、ヘキサヒドロ無水フタル酸(1,2−シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸無水物)、1,2,3,4−シクロヘキサンテトラカルボン酸1,2−無水物などの飽和又は不飽和非芳香族性環状多価カルボン酸無水物(脂環式多価カルボン酸無水物)、無水ヘット酸、無水ハイミック酸などの橋かけ環式多価カルボン酸無水物(脂環式多価カルボン酸無水物)、無水フタル酸、テトラブロモ無水フタル酸、テトラクロロ無水フタル酸、無水ニトロフタル酸、無水トリメリット酸、メチルシクロヘキセントリカルボン酸無水物、無水ピロメリット酸、無水メリット酸、1,8;4,5−ナフタレンテトラカルボン酸二無水物などの芳香族多価カルボン酸無水物が含まれる。
【0022】
特に好ましいイミド化合物は、脂環式多価カルボン酸無水物又は芳香族多価カルボン酸無水物、なかでも芳香族多価カルボン酸無水物から誘導されるN−ヒドロキシイミド化合物(例えば、N−ヒドロキシフタル酸イミド、N,N′−ジヒドロキシピロメリット酸イミド)などが含まれる。
【0023】
式(I)で表されるN−置換環状イミド骨格を有するイミド化合物は、反応において、単独で又は2種以上組み合わせて使用できる。前記イミド化合物は反応系内で生成させてもよい。
【0024】
前記イミド化合物の使用量は、広い範囲で選択でき、例えば、反応成分(例えば、アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体とオレフィンのうち少量用いる方の成分)1モルに対して0.0000001〜1モル、好ましくは0.00001〜0.5モル、さらに好ましくは0.0001〜0.4モル程度であり、0.001〜0.35モル程度である場合が多い。
【0025】
[アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体]
反応成分(基質)として用いるアルデヒドとしては、特に限定されず、脂肪族アルデヒド、脂環式アルデヒド、芳香族アルデヒド及び複素環式アルデヒド等の何れであってもよい。前記アルデヒドには、下記式(2)
【化6】
(式中、Raは、水素原子、炭化水素基又は複素環式基を示す)
で表される化合物が含まれる。
【0026】
式(2)中、Raにおける炭化水素基には、脂肪族炭化水素基、脂環式炭化水素基、芳香族炭化水素基が含まれる。脂肪族炭化水素基としては、例えば、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、s−ブチル、t−ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、オクチル、デシル、テトラデシル、ヘキサデシル、オクタデシル、アリルなどの炭素数1〜20程度(好ましくは炭素数1〜10程度)の直鎖状又は分岐鎖状の脂肪族炭化水素基(アルキル基、アルケニル基及びアルキニル基)などが挙げられる。
【0027】
脂環式炭化水素基としては、例えば、シクロプロピル、シクロブチル、シクロペンチル、シクロヘキシル、シクロヘキセニル、シクロオクチル、シクロデシル、シクロドデシル基などの炭素数3〜20程度の単環の脂環式炭化水素基(シクロアルキル基、シクロアルケニル基);橋かけ環炭化水素基などが挙げられる。前記橋かけ環炭化水素基における橋かけ環の代表的な例として、アダマンタン環、パーヒドロインデン環、デカリン環、パーヒドロフルオレン環、パーヒドロアントラセン環、パーヒドロフェナントレン環、トリシクロ[5.2.1.02,6]デカン環、パーヒドロアセナフテン環、パーヒドロフェナレン環、ノルボルナン環、ノルボルネン環などが挙げられる。脂環には芳香族性環が縮合していてもよい。
【0028】
芳香族炭化水素基としては、例えば、フェニル、ナフチル基などの炭素数6〜20程度の芳香族炭化水素基などが挙げられる。芳香族性環には非芳香族性環が縮合していてもよい。
【0029】
上記の炭化水素基は、種々の置換基、例えば、ハロゲン原子、オキソ基、ヒドロキシル基、置換オキシ基(例えば、アルコキシ基、アリールオキシ基、アシルオキシ基など)、カルボキシル基、置換オキシカルボニル基、置換又は無置換カルバモイル基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、置換又は無置換アミノ基、アルキル基(例えば、メチル、エチル基などのC1-4アルキル基など)、シクロアルキル基、アリール基(例えば、フェニル、ナフチル基など)、複素環式基などを有していてもよい。
【0030】
式(2)中、Raにおける複素環式基を構成する複素環には、芳香族性複素環及び非芳香族性複素環が含まれる。このような複素環としては、例えば、ヘテロ原子として酸素原子を含む複素環(例えば、フラン、テトラヒドロフラン、オキサゾール、イソオキサゾールなどの5員環、4−オキソ−4H−ピラン、テトラヒドロピラン、モルホリンなどの6員環、ベンゾフラン、イソベンゾフラン、4−オキソ−4H−クロメン、クロマン、イソクロマンなどの縮合環など)、ヘテロ原子としてイオウ原子を含む複素環(例えば、チオフェン、チアゾール、イソチアゾール、チアジアゾールなどの5員環、4−オキソ−4H−チオピランなどの6員環、ベンゾチオフェンなどの縮合環など)、ヘテロ原子として窒素原子を含む複素環(例えば、ピロール、ピロリジン、ピラゾール、イミダゾール、トリアゾールなどの5員環、ピリジン、ピリダジン、ピリミジン、ピラジン、ピペリジン、ピペラジンなどの6員環、インドール、インドリン、キノリン、アクリジン、ナフチリジン、キナゾリン、プリンなどの縮合環など)などが挙げられる。これらの複素環式基は、置換基(例えば、前記炭化水素基が有していてもよい置換基と同様の基)を有していてもよい。
【0031】
前記脂肪族アルデヒドの代表的な例として、例えば、ホルムアルデヒド、アセトアルデヒド、プロピオンアルデヒド、ブチルアルデヒド、イソブチルアルデヒド、バレルアルデヒド(ペンタナール)、イソバレルアルデヒド、ピバリンアルデヒド、ヘキサナール、ヘプタナール、オクタナール、ノナナール、デカナール、ドデカナール、テトラデカナール、ヘキサデカナール等の脂肪族飽和アルデヒド;グリオギザール、スクシンジアルデヒド等の脂肪族ジアルデヒド;アクロレイン、クロトンアルデヒド、プロピオールアルデヒド等の脂肪族不飽和アルデヒドなどが挙げられる。
【0032】
脂環式アルデヒドの代表的な例として、例えば、シクロペンタンカルバルデヒド、シクロヘキサンカルバルデヒド、シクロオクタンカルバルデヒド、シクロドデカンカルバルデヒド、2−ホルミルノルボルナン、2−ホルミルノルボルネンなどが挙げられる。
【0033】
芳香族アルデヒドの代表的な例として、例えば、ベンズアルデヒド、o−トルアルデヒド、m−トルアルデヒド、p−トルアルデヒド、サリチルアルデヒド、シンナムアルデヒド、α−ナフトアルデヒド、β−ナフトアルデヒド、フタルアルデヒド、テレフタルアルデヒド、イソフタルアルデヒドなどが挙げられる。
【0034】
複素環式アルデヒドの代表的な例として、例えば、フルフラール、3−テトラヒドロフランカルバルデヒド、2−ピリジンカルバルデヒド、3−ピリジンカルバルデヒド、4−ピリジンカルバルデヒド、3−キノリンカルバルデヒド、3−チオフェンカルバルデヒドなどが挙げられる。
【0035】
アルデヒドのアセタール誘導体としては、アルデヒドとアルコール等との反応により得られるアセタール化合物が挙げられる。前記アルコールとしては、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、プロピルアルコール、ブチルアルコール、ヘキシルアルコール、トリクロロエタノールなどの1価アルコール;エチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、1,3−プロパンジオール、テトラメチレングリコールなどの2価アルコールなどが例示される。アルコールとして2価アルコールを用いた場合には環状アセタールが形成される場合が多い。
【0036】
[オレフィン]
もう一方の反応成分(基質)として用いるオレフィンとしては、特に限定されず、末端オレフィン及び内部オレフィンの何れも使用できる。該オレフィンには、下記式(3)
【化7】
(式中、Rb、Rc、Rd、Reは、同一又は異なって、水素原子又は有機基を示す。Rb、Rc、Rd、Reのうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して、隣接する炭素原子又は炭素−炭素結合とともに環を形成してもよい)
で表される化合物が含まれる。
【0037】
式(3)中、Rb、Rc、Rd、Reにおける有機基としては、本反応を阻害しないような有機基であればよく、例えば、ハロゲン原子、炭化水素基、複素環式基、置換オキシカルボニル基(アルコキシカルボニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、アラルキルオキシカルボニル基、シクロアルキルオキシカルボニル基など)、カルボキシル基、置換又は無置換カルバモイル基(N−置換又は無置換アミド基)、シアノ基、ニトロ基、硫黄酸基(スルホン酸基、スルフィン酸基)、硫黄酸エステル基(スルホン酸エステル基、スルフィン酸エステル基)、アシル基、ヒドロキシル基、アルコキシ基、N−置換又は無置換アミノ基などが例示できる。前記カルボキシル基、ヒドロキシル基、アミノ基は慣用の保護基で保護されていてもよい。
【0038】
前記ハロゲン原子としては、フッ素、塩素、臭素及びヨウ素原子が挙げられる。炭化水素基としては、前記Raにおける炭化水素基として例示した基などが挙げられ、これらの炭化水素基は前記置換基を有していてもよい。好ましい炭化水素基には、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、イソブチル、s−ブチル、t−ブチル、ビニル、アリル基などの炭素数1〜20程度(特に、炭素数1〜10程度)の直鎖状又は分岐鎖状の脂肪族炭化水素基(アルキル基、アルケニル基及びアルキニル基);フェニル基、ナフチル基などの炭素数6〜20程度の芳香族炭化水素基;シクロアルキル基;トリフルオロメチル基などの炭素数1〜6程度(特に、炭素数1〜4程度)のハロアルキル基などが含まれる。
【0039】
前記複素環式基としては、前記Raにおける複素環式基として例示した基などが挙げられ、これらの複素環式基は前記置換基を有していてもよい。アルコキシカルボニル基には、例えば、メトキシカルボニル、エトキシカルボニル、プロポキシカルボニル、イソプロポキシカルボニル、ブトキシカルボニル、t−ブトキシカルボニル基などのC1-6アルコキシ−カルボニル基などが含まれる。アリールオキシカルボニル基には、例えば、フェニルオキシカルボニル基などが含まれ、アラルキルオキシカルボニル基には、例えば、ベンジルオキシカルボニル基などが含まれる。また、シクロアルキルオキシカルボニル基としては、例えば、シクロペンチルオキシカルボニル、シクロヘキシルオキシカルボニル基などが挙げられる。
【0040】
置換カルバモイル基には、例えば、N−メチルカルバモイル、N,N−ジメチルカルバモイル基などが含まれる。スルホン酸エステル基には、スルホン酸メチル、スルホン酸エチル基などのスルホン酸C1-4アルキルエステル基などが含まれる。スルフィン酸エステル基には、スルフィン酸メチル、スルフィン酸エチル基などのスルフィン酸C1-4アルキルエステル基などが含まれる。アシル基としては、例えば、アセチル、プロピオニル基などの脂肪族アシル基(例えば、C2-7脂肪族アシル基など)、ベンゾイル基などの芳香族アシル基などが挙げられる。アルコキシ基としては、例えば、メトキシ、エトキシ、プロポキシ、ブトキシ基などの炭素数1〜6程度のアルコキシ基などが挙げられる。N−置換アミノ基には、例えば、N,N−ジメチルアミノ、N,N−ジエチルアミノ、ピペリジノ基などが含まれる。
【0041】
好ましいRb、Rc、Rd、Reには、水素原子、炭化水素基[例えば、C1-15脂肪族炭化水素基(特にC1-10脂肪族炭化水素基など)、C6-14アリール基(フェニル基など)、シクロアルキル基(3〜8員程度のシクロアルキル基など)、ハロアルキル基(例えば、トリフルオロメチル基などのC1-6ハロアルキル基、特にC1-4ハロアルキル基)など]、複素環式基、置換オキシカルボニル基(例えば、C1-6アルコキシ−カルボニル基、アリールオキシカルボニル基、アラルキルオキシカルボニル基、シクロアルキルオキシカルボニル基など)、カルボキシル基、置換又は無置換カルバモイル基、シアノ基、ニトロ基、硫黄酸基、硫黄酸エステル基、アシル基などが含まれる。
【0042】
Rb、Rc、Rd、Reのうち少なくとも2つが互いに結合して隣接する炭素原子又は炭素−炭素結合とともに形成する環としては、シクロプロパン、シクロブタン、シクロペンタン、シクロペンテン、シクロヘキサン、シクロヘキセン、シクロオクタン、シクロドデカン環などの3〜20員程度の脂環式炭素環(シクロアルカン環、シクロアルケン環等);ノルボルネン環などの橋かけ環;ピロール環、フラン環、チオフェン環などの複素環が挙げられる。これらの環は置換基を有していてもよく、また他の環(非芳香族性環又は芳香族性環)が縮合していてもよい。
【0043】
より具体的には、前記オレフィン(式(3)で表されるオレフィン等)としては、例えば、脂肪族不飽和炭化水素、脂環式不飽和炭化水素、α,β−不飽和カルボニル化合物(α,β−不飽和ケトン類)、α,β−不飽和エステル類、α,β−不飽和アルデヒド類、α,β−不飽和ニトリル類、α,β−不飽和カルボン酸類、α,β−不飽和カルボン酸アミド類、α,β−不飽和イミン類、共役ジエン類(二重結合と三重結合とが共役している化合物も含む);カルボン酸アルケニルなどが挙げられる。これらは置換基を有していてもよい。
【0044】
オレフィンにおいて、脂肪族不飽和炭化水素としては、例えば、エテン、プロペン、1−ブテン、1−ペンテン、1−ヘキセン、1−ヘプテン、2−メチル−1−ヘキセン、1−オクテン、1−オクテン−3−オール、1−ノネン、1−デセン、1−ウンデセン、1−ドデセン、1−ヘキサデセン、1−オクタデセン、1,5−ヘキサジエン、1,6−ヘプタジエン、1,7−オクタジエン、スチレン、ビニルトルエン、α−メチルスチレン、アリルベンゼン、4−フェニル−1−ブテン、アリルシクロヘキサン、2−アリルマロン酸ジエチルなどのα−オレフィン類や、2−ブテン、イソブテン、2−ペンテン、2,4,4−トリメチル−2−ペンテン、2−ヘキセン、2,3−ジメチル−2−ブテン、3−ヘキセン、2−オクテン、3−オクテン、4−オクテン、2−ノネン、2,6−オクタジエンなどの内部オレフィン類などが挙げられる。
【0045】
脂環式不飽和炭化水素には、例えば、シクロプロペン、シクロブテン、シクロペンテン、シクロヘキセン、シクロヘプテン、シクロオクテン、シクロノネン、シクロデセン、シクロウンデセン、シクロドデセン、1,4−シクロヘキサジエン、1,4−シクロヘプタジエン、シクロデカジエン、シクロドデカジエン、リモネン、1−p−メンテン、3−p−メンテン、カルベオール、ビシクロ[2.2.1]ヘプト−2−エン(ノルボルネン)、5−ノルボルネン−2,3−ジカルボン酸無水物、ビシクロ[3.2.1]オクタ−2−エン、α−ピネン、2−ボルネン、ジシクロペンタジエン等が含まれる。
【0046】
また、α,β−不飽和カルボニル化合物としては、例えば、3−ブテン−2−オン(ビニルメチルケトン)、3−メチル−3−ブテン−2−オン、4−ペンテン−3−オン(ビニルエチルケトン)、3−ペンテン−4−オン(メチル−1−プロペニルケトン)、5−ヘキセン−4−オン、4−メチル−3−ペンテン−2−オン、4−メチル−4−ペンテン−3−オン、ホロン(2,6−ジメチル−2,5−ヘプタジエン−4−オン)、2,6−ジメチル−5−ヘプテン−4−オン、1−アセチル−1−シクロヘキセン、3−フェニル−2−プロペン−1−オン、4−フェニル−3−ブテン−2−オンなどの脂肪族α,β−不飽和カルボニル化合物;2−シクロペンテン−1−オン、2−シクロヘキセン−1−オン、2−(3−メチルシクロヘキセン)−1−オン、2−(3−メチルシクロペンテン)−1−オン、2−シクロヘプテン−1−オン、2−シクロオクテン−1−オンなどの脂環式α,β−不飽和カルボニル化合物などが挙げられる。
【0047】
α,β−不飽和エステル類には、例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸t−ブチルなどの(メタ)アクリル酸アルキルエステル、(メタ)アクリル酸フェニルなどの(メタ)アクリル酸アリールエステル等の(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類;クロトン酸メチル、クロトン酸エチルなどのクロトン酸アルキルエステル等のクロトン酸エステル類;フマル酸ジメチル、フマル酸ジエチルなどのフマル酸ジアルキルエステル等のフマル酸エステル類;マレイン酸ジメチル、マレイン酸ジエチルなどのマレイン酸ジアルキルエステル等のマレイン酸エステル類;3−メチル−2−ブテン酸メチル、3−メチル−2−ブテン酸エチル、2−ペンテン酸メチル、2−オクテン酸メチルなどが含まれる。α,β−不飽和アルデヒド類としては、例えば、プロペナール、クロトンアルデヒドなどが挙げられる。α,β−不飽和ニトリル類には、例えば、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトニルなどが含まれる。α,β−不飽和カルボン酸類には、例えば、(メタ)アクリル酸、クロトン酸などが含まれる。α,β−不飽和カルボン酸アミド類には、例えば、(メタ)アクリルアミドなどが含まれる。α,β−不飽和イミン類には、例えば、N−(2−プロペニリデン)メチルアミン、N−(2−ブテニリデン)メチルアミンなどが含まれる。共役ジエン類(二重結合と三重結合とが共役している化合物も含む)には、例えば、ブタジエン、イソプレン、2−クロロブタジエン、2−エチルブタジエン、ビニルアセチレン、シクロペンタジエン誘導体などのなどが含まれる。カルボン酸アルケニルには、酢酸ビニル、酢酸イソプロペニルなどが含まれる。
【0048】
なお、本発明では、反応成分であるアルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体及び/又はオレフィンとして、分子内にホルミル基又はそのアセタール体とオレフィン部位とを有する化合物を用いることもできる。このような化合物では、分子内で付加反応が進行して、対応するケトン又はそのアセタール誘導体が生成しうる。該化合物として、例えばシトロネラール等のテルペン類などが挙げられる。
【0049】
[ラジカル発生剤]
本発明の方法では、系内にラジカル発生剤を存在させるのが好ましい。ラジカル発生剤としては、例えば、ハロゲン(塩素、臭素など)、過酸(過酢酸、m−クロロ過安息香酸など)、過酸化物(過酸化水素、過酸化ベンゾイル、t−ブチルヒドロペルオキシド(TBHP)等のヒドロペルオキシドなど)、ラジカル開始剤(アゾビスイソブチロニトリルなど)などが挙げられる。これらの中でも、過酸化ベンゾイルなどの過酸化物が好ましい。ラジカル発生剤の使用量は、基質(例えば、アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体及びオレフィンのうち少量用いる方の成分)1モルに対して、通常0.001〜0.5モル程度である。
【0050】
ラジカル発生剤は系内に一括添加してもよいが、間欠的又は連続的に系内に添加することにより目的化合物の収率を向上できる場合がある。
【0051】
[反応]
反応は溶媒の存在下又は非存在下で行われる。溶媒としては、例えば、ヘキサン、オクタンなどの脂肪族炭化水素;ベンゼン、トルエン、キシレンなどの芳香族炭化水素;シクロペンタン、シクロヘキサン、メチルシクロヘキサンなどの脂環式炭化水素;クロロホルム、ジクロロメタン、ジクロロエタン、四塩化炭素、クロロベンゼン、トリフルオロメチルベンゼンなどのハロゲン化炭化水素;ジエチルエーテル、ジイソプロピルエーテル、ジメトキシエタン、テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサンなどの鎖状又は環状エーテル類;アセトン、メチルエチルケトンなどのケトン;酢酸、プロピオン酸、トリフルオロ酢酸などの有機酸;アセトニトリル、プロピオニトリル、ベンゾニトリルなどのニトリル類;ホルムアミド、アセトアミド、ジメチルホルムアミド(DMF)、ジメチルアセトアミドなどのアミド類;ニトロベンゼン、ニトロメタン、ニトロエタンなどのニトロ化合物;酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチルなどのエステル類;水;これらの混合溶媒などが挙げられる。溶媒としては、芳香族炭化水素、ハロゲン化炭化水素、エーテル類などが好適である。
【0052】
アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体とオレフィンとの比率は、両化合物の種類(価格、反応性)や組み合わせなどにより適宜選択できる。例えば、アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体をオレフィンに対して当量程度又は過剰(例えば、1.1〜50モル倍程度)に用いてもよく、逆に、オレフィンをアルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体に対して過剰量用いてもよい。
【0053】
本反応は比較的温和な条件であっても円滑に反応が進行する。反応温度は、前記アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体及びオレフィンの種類に応じて適当に選択でき、例えば、0〜150℃程度、好ましくは40〜125℃程度である。反応は、回分式、半回分式、連続式などの慣用の方法により行うことができる。
【0054】
反応に用いるアルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体、オレフィン、イミド化合物触媒、及びラジカル発生剤(必要に応じて使用)の添加順序は、特に限定されない。例えば、これらの成分を反応開始当初から系内に存在させておいても良く、アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体、イミド化合物触媒、及び必要に応じてラジカル発生剤を含む所定温度の混合液中にオレフィンを一括に又は連続的若しくは間欠的に添加しても良い。
【0055】
本発明の方法によれば、アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体とオレフィンとの付加生成物であるケトン又はそのアセタール誘導体が生成する。なお、原料アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体としてホルムアルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体(例えば、1,3−ジオキソランなど)を用いた場合には、付加生成物としてアルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体が生成するが、便宜上これも「ケトン又はそのアセタール誘導体」に含めるものとする。また、生成したアセタール誘導体は慣用の方法により対応するカルボニル化合物に変換できる。
【0056】
より具体的には、例えば、前記式(2)で表されるアルデヒドと式(3)で表されるオレフィンとを反応させると、下記式(4)で表されるケトンが生成する。また、式(2)で表されるアルデヒドのアセタール誘導体と式(3)で表されるオレフィンとを反応させると、対応する下記式(4)で表されるケトンのアセタール誘導体が生成する。
【化8】
(式中、Ra、Rb、Rc、Rd、Reは前記に同じ)
【0057】
反応終了後、反応生成物は、例えば、濾過、濃縮、蒸留、抽出、晶析、再結晶、吸着、カラムクロマトグラフィーなどの分離手段やこれらを組み合わせることにより分離精製できる。
【0058】
【発明の効果】
本発明の方法によれば、特定構造のイミド化合物を触媒として用いるので、温和な条件下、アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体とオレフィンとから対応する付加生成物であるケトン類を効率よく製造することができる。
【0059】
【実施例】
以下に、実施例に基づいて本発明をより詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例により何ら限定されるものではない。なお、分析はガスクロマトグラフィー又は高速液体クロマトグラフィーにより行った。
【0060】
実施例1
ペンタナール6ミリモル、1−オクテン2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.1ミリモル、及びベンゼン2mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で12時間攪拌した後、さらに過酸化ベンゾイルを0.1ミリモル加え、同条件で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−トリデカノンが収率55%で生成していた。1−オクテンの転化率は66%、ペンタナールの転化率は53%であった。
【0061】
実施例2
N−ヒドロキシフタルイミドに代えて、4−クロロ−N−ヒドロキシフタルイミドを0.2ミリモル用いた以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行った。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−トリデカノンが収率52%で生成していた。1−オクテンの転化率は60%、ペンタナールの転化率は41%であった。
【0062】
実施例3
N−ヒドロキシフタルイミドに代えて、3−フルオロ−N−ヒドロキシフタルイミドを0.2ミリモル用いた以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行った。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−トリデカノンが収率59%で生成していた。1−オクテンの転化率は68%、ペンタナールの転化率は52%であった。
【0063】
実施例4
N−ヒドロキシフタルイミドに代えて、N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミドを0.2ミリモル用いた以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行った。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−トリデカノンが収率50%で生成していた。1−オクテンの転化率は73%、ペンタナールの転化率は57%であった。
【0064】
実施例5
ベンゼンの使用量を1mlとした以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行った。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−トリデカノンが収率63%で生成していた。なお、ドデカンが収率8%で副生していた。1−オクテンの転化率は78%、ペンタナールの転化率は47%であった。
【0065】
比較例1
N−ヒドロキシフタルイミドを用いなかった点以外は実施例5と同様の操作を行った。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−トリデカノンが収率34%で生成していた。なお、ドデカンが収率4%で副生していた。1−オクテンの転化率は73%、ペンタナールの転化率は40%であった。
【0066】
実施例6
ペンタナール6ミリモル、1−オクテン2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.1ミリモル、及びトルエン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で12時間攪拌した後、さらに過酸化ベンゾイルを0.1ミリモル加え、同条件で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−トリデカノンが収率59%で生成していた。なお、ドデカンが収率6%で副生していた。1−オクテンの転化率は77%、ペンタナールの転化率は52%であった。
【0067】
実施例7
N−ヒドロキシフタルイミドに代えて、3−フルオロ−N−ヒドロキシフタルイミドを0.2ミリモル用いた以外は、実施例6と同様の操作を行った。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−トリデカノンが収率62%で生成していた。なお、ドデカンが収率9%で副生していた。1−オクテンの転化率は79%、ペンタナールの転化率は64%であった。
【0068】
実施例8
トルエンに代えてトリフルオロトルエン(トリフルオロメチルベンゼン)を1ml用いた以外は、実施例6と同様の操作を行った。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−トリデカノンが収率56%で生成していた。なお、ドデカンが収率9%で副生していた。1−オクテンの転化率は77%、ペンタナールの転化率は54%であった。
【0069】
実施例9
トルエンに代えてクロロベンゼンを1ml用いた以外は、実施例6と同様の操作を行った。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−トリデカノンが収率57%で生成していた。なお、ドデカンが収率6%で副生していた。1−オクテンの転化率は72%、ペンタナールの転化率は46%であった。
【0070】
実施例10
トルエンに代えてジオキサンを1ml用いた以外は、実施例6と同様の操作を行った。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−トリデカノンが収率53%で生成していた。なお、ドデカンが収率8%で副生していた。1−オクテンの転化率は74%、ペンタナールの転化率は37%であった。
【0071】
実施例11
ペンタナール6ミリモル、2−アリルマロン酸ジエチル2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.1ミリモル、及びトルエン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で12時間攪拌した後、さらに過酸化ベンゾイルを0.1ミリモル加え、同条件で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、2−(4−オキソオクチル)マロン酸ジエチルが収率61%で生成していた。2−アリルマロン酸ジエチルの転化率は91%、ペンタナールの転化率は53%であった。
【0072】
実施例12
トルエンに代えてクロロベンゼンを1ml用いた以外は実施例11と同様の操作を行った。反応混合物を分析したところ、2−(4−オキソオクチル)マロン酸ジエチルが収率72%で生成していた。2−アリルマロン酸ジエチルの転化率は91%、ペンタナールの転化率は47%であった。
【0073】
実施例13
トルエンに代えてベンゼンを1ml用いた以外は実施例11と同様の操作を行った。反応混合物を分析したところ、2−(4−オキソオクチル)マロン酸ジエチルが収率83%で生成していた。2−アリルマロン酸ジエチルの転化率は92%、ペンタナールの転化率は47%であった。
【0074】
実施例14
ペンタナール6ミリモル、ノルボルネン2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.1ミリモル、及びベンゼン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で12時間攪拌した後、さらに過酸化ベンゾイルを0.1ミリモル加え、同条件で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、2−ペンタノイルノルボルナンが収率69%で生成していた。ノルボルネンの転化率は85%、ペンタナールの転化率は46%であった。
【0075】
実施例15
N−ヒドロキシフタルイミドに代えて、4−クロロ−N−ヒドロキシフタルイミドを0.2ミリモル用いた以外は、実施例14と同様の操作を行った。反応混合物を分析したところ、2−ペンタノイルノルボルナンが収率72%で生成していた。ノルボルネンの転化率は91%、ペンタナールの転化率は46%であった。
【0076】
実施例16
ペンタナール6ミリモル、2−シクロペンテン−1−オン2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.1ミリモル、及びトルエン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で12時間攪拌した後、さらに過酸化ベンゾイルを0.1ミリモル加え、同条件で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、3−ペンタノイルシクロペンタノンが収率52%で生成していた。2−シクロペンテン−1−オンの転化率は99%以上、ペンタナールの転化率は36%であった。
【0077】
実施例17
ペンタナール6ミリモル、5−ノルボルネン−2,3−ジカルボン酸無水物2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.1ミリモル、及びトルエン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で12時間攪拌した後、さらに過酸化ベンゾイルを0.1ミリモル加え、同条件で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−ペンタノイルノルボルナン−2,3−ジカルボン酸無水物が収率91%で生成していた。5−ノルボルネン−2,3−ジカルボン酸無水物の転化率は99%以上、ペンタナールの転化率は53%であった。
【0078】
実施例18
シトロネラール1ミリモル、4−クロロ−N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.1ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.2ミリモル、及びトルエン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で20時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、分子内反応生成物である2−イソプロピル−5−メチルシクロヘキサノン(イソメントン)が収率38%で得られた。シトロネラールの転化率は76%であった。
【0079】
実施例19
ペンタナール6ミリモル、1−ウンデセン2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.2ミリモル、及びベンゼン2mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、5−ヘキサデカノンが収率33%で得られた。1−ウンデセンシトロネラールの転化率は57%、ペンタナールの転化率は39%であった。
【0080】
実施例20
ペンタナール6ミリモル、2−メチル−1−ヘプテン2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.2ミリモル、及びベンゼン2mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、7−メチル−5−ドデカノンが収率37%で得られた。2−メチル−1−ヘプテンの転化率は63%、ペンタナールの転化率は47%であった。
【0081】
実施例21
ペンタナール6ミリモル、4−フェニル−1−ブテン2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.2ミリモル、及びジオキサン2mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、9−フェニル−5−ノナノンが収率18%で得られた。4−フェニル−1−ブテンの転化率は33%、ペンタナールの転化率は15%であった。
【0082】
実施例22
ペンタナール6ミリモル、酢酸イソプロペニル2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.2ミリモル、及びジオキサン2mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、酢酸1−メチル−3−オキソヘプチルが収率12%で得られた。酢酸イソプロペニルの転化率は59%、ペンタナールの転化率は20%であった。
【0083】
実施例23
ペンタナール6ミリモル、酢酸ビニル2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.1ミリモル、及びトルエン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で12時間攪拌した後、さらに過酸化ベンゾイルを0.1ミリモル加え、同条件で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、酢酸3−オキソヘプチルが収率10%で得られた。ペンタナールの転化率は46%であった。
【0084】
実施例24
アセトアルデヒド10ミリモル、1−オクテン2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.2ミリモル、及びトルエン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で16時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、2−デカノンが収率10%で得られた。1−オクテンの転化率は20%であった。
【0085】
実施例25
プロピオンアルデヒド6ミリモル、1−オクテン2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.1ミリモル、及びクロロベンゼン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で12時間攪拌した後、さらに過酸化ベンゾイルを0.1ミリモル加え、同条件で12時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、3−ウンデカノンが収率23%で得られた。1−オクテンの転化率は55%であった。
【0086】
実施例26
ペンタナール15ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.2ミリモル、及びトルエン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で攪拌した。この混合液に同温度でアクリル酸イソブチル2ミリモルを9時間かけて滴下し、さらに同温度で2時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、4−オキソオクタン酸イソブチルが収率88%、4−イソブチルオキシカルボニル−6−オキソデカン酸イソブチルが収率10%で生成していた。アクリル酸イソブチルの転化率は99%以上であった。
【0087】
実施例27
ペンタナール15ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.1ミリモル、及びトルエン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で攪拌した。この混合液に同温度でアクリル酸メチル2ミリモルを8時間かけて滴下し、さらに同温度で2時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、4−オキソオクタン酸メチルが収率80%、4−メトキシカルボニル−6−オキソデカン酸メチルが収率12%で生成していた。アクリル酸メチルの転化率は99%以上であった。
【0088】
実施例28
ペンタナール15ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.1ミリモル、及びトルエン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で攪拌した。この混合液に同温度でアクリロニトリル2ミリモルを8時間かけて滴下し、さらに同温度で2時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、4−オキソオクタンニトリルが収率71%、4−シアノ−6−オキソデカンニトリルが収率20%で生成していた。アクリロニトリルの転化率は99%以上であった。
【0089】
実施例29
1,3−ジオキソラン30ミリモル、フマル酸ジエチル2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.2ミリモル、及びトルエン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で1時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、2−[1,2−ビス(エトキシカルボニル)エチル]−1,3−ジオキソランが収率40%、2−[1,2,3,4−テトラキス(エトキシカルボニル)ブチル]−1,3−ジオキソランが収率6%で得られた。フマル酸ジエチルの転化率は97%であった。
[2−[1,2−ビス(エトキシカルボニル)エチル]−1,3−ジオキソランのスペクトルデータ]
13C-NMR(CDCl3)δ:14.0, 14.1, 30.2, 45.7, 60.5, 61.0, 65.2, 102.7, 170.7, 171.7
1H-NMR(CDCl3)δ:1.24-1.29(m, 6H), 2.58-2.63(d,d, J=9.8Hz, 1H), 2.75-2.81(d,d, J=9.28Hz, 1H), 3.21-3.25(m, 1H), 3.87-3.99(m, 4H), 4.11-4.23(m, 2H), 5.20(d, J=4.4Hz, 1H)
【0090】
実施例30
1,3−ジオキソラン30ミリモル、マレイン酸ジエチル2ミリモル、N−ヒドロキシフタルイミド0.2ミリモル、過酸化ベンゾイル0.2ミリモル、及びトルエン1mlをフラスコに入れ、アルゴン雰囲気下、80℃で1時間攪拌した。反応混合物を分析したところ、2−[1,2−ビス(エトキシカルボニル)エチル]−1,3−ジオキソランが収率76%で、また2−[1,2,3,4−テトラキス(エトキシカルボニル)ブチル]−1,3−ジオキソランが痕跡量得られた。マレイン酸ジエチルの転化率は87%であった。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing ketones using an imide compound catalyst, and more specifically, an aldehyde or an acetal derivative thereof is reacted with an olefin in the presence of a specific imide compound to form a ketone or an addition product. The present invention relates to a method for producing the acetal derivative.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Addition reactions of acyl radicals derived from aldehydes to olefins have long been known as methods for introducing carbonyl groups. This reaction is applicable only to some electron-deficient olefins such as maleate esters and is difficult to use for ordinary olefins. This is considered to be because hydrogen removal from an aldehyde of an addition radical generated by adding an acyl radical to an olefin hardly occurs.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method that can efficiently produce ketones as addition products under mild conditions by reaction with an aldehyde or an acetal derivative thereof, not only using electron-deficient olefins but also ordinary olefins. It is to provide.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors have reacted an aldehyde or an acetal derivative thereof with an olefin in the presence of an imide compound having a specific structure. The inventors have found that a certain ketone or an acetal derivative thereof can be obtained efficiently, and completed the present invention.
[0005]
That is, the present invention provides the following formula (I)
[Chemical 3]
[Wherein X represents an oxygen atom or an OH group]
An imide compound having a cyclic imide skeleton represented by the formula (Solubility parameter by Fedors method)[Oxygen atoms constituting an ester bond (- O -) Has an evaporation energy of 3350 J / mol and a molar volume of 3.8 cm. Three Value at a temperature (25 ° C.) of / mol]Is 26 [(MPa)1/2In the presence of the following imide compounds having a cyclic imide skeleton), an aldehyde or an acetal derivative thereof and an olefin are reacted to obtain a corresponding addition product ketone or an acetal derivative thereof. A method for producing ketones is provided.
[0006]
The imide compound includes the following formula (1)
[Formula 4]
[Wherein R1And R2Are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, a cycloalkyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, or an acyl group, and R1And R2May be bonded to each other to form a double bond or an aromatic or non-aromatic ring. X represents an oxygen atom or an OH group. R1, R2Or R1And R2Are bonded to each other, an aromatic or non-aromatic ring is represented by the above formula (11 or 2 of the N-substituted cyclic imide groups shown in FIG.
The compound represented byThe
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[Imide compound catalyst]
In the present invention, as the catalyst, the above formula(I)Imide compound having a cyclic imide skeleton represented(Solubility parameter by the method of Fedors [oxygen atom constituting the ester bond (− O -) Has an evaporation energy of 3350 J / mol and a molar volume of 3.8 cm. Three / Value at a temperature (25 ° C.) of 26 mol] is 26 [(MPa) 1/2 ] Except for the following imide compounds having a cyclic imide skeleton)UsingThe
[0008]
In the formula (I), the bond between the nitrogen atom and X is a single bond or a double bond. The imide compound may have a plurality of N-substituted cyclic imide skeletons represented by the formula (I) in the molecule.Yes.
[0012]
As a representative example of the imide compound, the formula (1))soImide compound represented(Solubility parameter by the method of Fedors [oxygen atom constituting the ester bond (− O -) Has an evaporation energy of 3350 J / mol and a molar volume of 3.8 cm. Three / Value at a temperature (25 ° C.) of 26 mol] is 26 [(MPa) 1/2 ] Except for the following imide compounds having a cyclic imide skeleton)Can be mentioned. ThisIn the imide compound, the substituent R1And R2Among them, the halogen atom includes iodine, bromine, chlorine and fluorine atoms. Examples of the alkyl group include linear or branched alkyl groups having about 1 to 10 carbon atoms such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, hexyl and decyl groups. included. Preferable alkyl groups include, for example, lower alkyl groups having about 1 to 6 carbon atoms, particularly about 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
[0013]
Aryl groups include phenyl and naphthyl groups, and cycloalkyl groups include cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl groups. The alkoxy group includes, for example, a methoxy, ethoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, t-butoxy, hexyloxy group and the like having about 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably about 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and particularly about 1 to 4 carbon atoms. An alkoxy group is included.
[0014]
The alkoxycarbonyl group includes, for example, an alkoxycarbonyl group having about 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkoxy moiety such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl, t-butoxycarbonyl, hexyloxycarbonyl group and the like. Preferred carbonyl groups include lower alkoxycarbonyl groups having about 1 to 6, particularly about 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkoxy moiety. Examples of the acyl group include acyl groups having about 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as formyl, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, isobutyryl, valeryl, isovaleryl, and pivaloyl groups.
[0015]
The substituent R1And R2May be the same or different. In the formula (1), R1And R2May be bonded to each other to form a double bond or a ring with aromatic or non-aromatic attributes. A preferable aromatic or non-aromatic ring is a 5- to 12-membered ring, particularly a 6- to 10-membered ring, and may be a heterocyclic ring or a condensed heterocyclic ring, but is often a hydrocarbon ring. Such a ring includes, for example, a non-aromatic alicyclic ring (a cycloalkene ring which may have a substituent such as a cyclohexane ring and a cycloalkene ring which may have a substituent such as a cyclohexene ring). Ring), non-aromatic bridged ring (such as bridged hydrocarbon ring optionally having substituent such as 5-norbornene ring), benzene ring, naphthalene ring and the like Also included are aromatic rings (including fused rings). The ring is often composed of an aromatic ring. The ring may have a substituent such as an alkyl group, a haloalkyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an amino group, or a halogen atom.
[0016]
R1, R2Or R1And R2In the double bond or aromatic or non-aromatic ring formed by bonding each other, one or two N-substituted cyclic imide groups represented by the above formula (1) are further formed. Also good. For example, R1Or R2Is an alkyl group having 2 or more carbon atoms, the N-substituted cyclic imide group may be formed including two adjacent carbon atoms constituting the alkyl group. R1And R2Are bonded to each other to form a double bond, the N-substituted cyclic imide group may be formed including the double bond. In addition, R1And R2Are bonded to each other to form an aromatic or non-aromatic ring, the N-substituted cyclic imide group may be formed including two adjacent carbon atoms constituting the ring.
[0017]
Preferred imide compounds include compounds represented by the following formula.
[Chemical formula 5]
(Wherein RThree~ R6Are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a haloalkyl group, a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an acyl group, a nitro group, a cyano group, an amino group, or a halogen atom. RThree~ R6In adjacent groups, adjacent groups may be bonded to each other to form an aromatic or non-aromatic ring. In the formula (1f), A represents a methylene group or an oxygen atom. R1, R2, X is the same as above. (One or two N-substituted cyclic imide groups shown in the formula (1c) may be further formed on the benzene ring of the formula (1c))
[0018]
Substituent RThree~ R6In the above, the alkyl group includes the same alkyl group as the above exemplified alkyl group, particularly an alkyl group having about 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and the haloalkyl group has about 1 to 4 carbon atoms such as a trifluoromethyl group. The haloalkyl group and the alkoxy group have the same alkoxy group as described above, particularly the lower alkoxy group having about 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and the alkoxycarbonyl group has the same alkoxycarbonyl group as described above, particularly the alkoxy moiety having 1 to 1 carbon atoms. About 4 lower alkoxycarbonyl groups are included. Examples of the acyl group include the same acyl groups as described above, particularly those having about 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and examples of the halogen atom include fluorine, chlorine, and bromine atoms. Substituent RThree~ R6Is usually a hydrogen atom, a lower alkyl group having about 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, or a halogen atom. RThree~ R6As the ring formed by bonding to each other, the above R1And R2Are the same as the ring formed by bonding to each other, and an aromatic or non-aromatic 5- to 12-membered ring is particularly preferable.
[0019]
As typical examples of preferred imide compounds, for example, N-hydroxysuccinimide, N-hydroxymaleimide, N-hydroxyhexahydrophthalimide, N, N'-dihydroxycyclohexanetetracarboxylic imide, N-hydroxy Phthalic acid imide, N-hydroxytetrabromophthalic acid imide, N-hydroxytetrachlorophthalic acid imide, N-hydroxyhetic acid imide, N-hydroxyhymic acid imide, N-hydroxytrimellitic acid imide, N, N'- X such as dihydroxypyromellitic imide, N, N′-dihydroxynaphthalene tetracarboxylic imide is —OH groupA compoundThingAnd so on.
[0020]
Among the imide compounds, X is —OH groupSome compounds can be prepared by conventional imidization reactions such as the corresponding acid anhydride and hydroxylamine NH.2It can be prepared by a method of reacting with OH and imidizing via ring opening and ring closing of an acid anhydride group. Examples of the acid anhydride include saturated or unsaturated aliphatic dicarboxylic acid anhydrides such as succinic anhydride and maleic anhydride, tetrahydrophthalic anhydride, hexahydrophthalic anhydride (1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid anhydride), Saturated or unsaturated non-aromatic cyclic polyvalent carboxylic acid anhydride (alicyclic polyvalent carboxylic acid anhydride) such as 1,2,3,4-cyclohexanetetracarboxylic acid 1,2-anhydride , Bridged cyclic polyhydric carboxylic acid anhydrides (alicyclic polycarboxylic anhydrides) such as hymic anhydride, phthalic anhydride, tetrabromophthalic anhydride, tetrachlorophthalic anhydride, nitrophthalic anhydride, trimellitic anhydride Acid, methylcyclohexenic carboxylic anhydride, pyromellitic anhydride, meritic anhydride, 1,8; 4,5-naphthalenetetracarboxylic acid Aromatic polycarboxylic anhydrides such as anhydrides are included.
[0022]
Particularly preferred imide compounds are N-hydroxyimide compounds derived from alicyclic polyvalent carboxylic acid anhydrides or aromatic polyvalent carboxylic acid anhydrides, especially aromatic polyvalent carboxylic acid anhydrides (for example, N-hydroxy Phthalimide, N, N'-dihydroxypyromellitic imide)Is included.
[0023]
The imide compounds having an N-substituted cyclic imide skeleton represented by the formula (I) can be used alone or in combination of two or more in the reaction. The imide compound may be generated in the reaction system.
[0024]
The amount of the imide compound used can be selected within a wide range, for example, 0.0000001 to 1 mol, preferably 1 mol per 1 mol of a reaction component (for example, a component used in a small amount of aldehyde or its acetal derivative and olefin), It is about 0.00001 to 0.5 mol, more preferably about 0.0001 to 0.4 mol, and often about 0.001 to 0.35 mol.
[0025]
[Aldehyde or its acetal derivative]
The aldehyde used as the reaction component (substrate) is not particularly limited, and may be any of aliphatic aldehyde, alicyclic aldehyde, aromatic aldehyde, heterocyclic aldehyde, and the like. The aldehyde includes the following formula (2)
[Chemical 6]
(Wherein RaRepresents a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or a heterocyclic group)
The compound represented by these is included.
[0026]
In formula (2), RaThe hydrocarbon group in includes an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and an aromatic hydrocarbon group. Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group include 1 carbon atom such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, tetradecyl, hexadecyl, octadecyl, and allyl. And a linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group (an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, and an alkynyl group) having about 20 to 20 (preferably about 1 to 10 carbon atoms).
[0027]
Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon groups having about 3 to 20 carbon atoms such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cyclohexenyl, cyclooctyl, cyclodecyl, and cyclododecyl groups ( Cycloalkyl group, cycloalkenyl group); bridged ring hydrocarbon group and the like. Typical examples of the bridging ring in the bridging ring hydrocarbon group include an adamantane ring, perhydroindene ring, decalin ring, perhydrofluorene ring, perhydroanthracene ring, perhydrophenanthrene ring, tricyclo [5.2. 1.02,6Decane ring, perhydroacenaphthene ring, perhydrophenalene ring, norbornane ring, norbornene ring and the like. The alicyclic ring may be condensed with an aromatic ring.
[0028]
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include aromatic hydrocarbon groups having about 6 to 20 carbon atoms such as phenyl and naphthyl groups. The aromatic ring may be condensed with a non-aromatic ring.
[0029]
The above hydrocarbon group may be various substituents such as halogen atoms, oxo groups, hydroxyl groups, substituted oxy groups (eg, alkoxy groups, aryloxy groups, acyloxy groups), carboxyl groups, substituted oxycarbonyl groups, substituted groups. Or an unsubstituted carbamoyl group, a cyano group, a nitro group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, an alkyl group (for example, a C such as a methyl or ethyl group).1-4An alkyl group), a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group (eg, phenyl, naphthyl group, etc.), a heterocyclic group, and the like.
[0030]
In formula (2), RaThe heterocyclic ring constituting the heterocyclic group in includes an aromatic heterocyclic ring and a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring. As such a heterocyclic ring, for example, a heterocyclic ring containing an oxygen atom as a hetero atom (for example, 5-membered ring such as furan, tetrahydrofuran, oxazole, isoxazole, 4-oxo-4H-pyran, tetrahydropyran, morpholine, etc. 6-membered ring, condensed ring such as benzofuran, isobenzofuran, 4-oxo-4H-chromene, chromane, isochroman, etc.), heterocycle containing a sulfur atom as a hetero atom (for example, 5 such as thiophene, thiazole, isothiazole, thiadiazole, etc.) 5-membered rings, 6-membered rings such as 4-oxo-4H-thiopyran, condensed rings such as benzothiophene, etc.) and heterocycles containing nitrogen atoms as heteroatoms (eg, pyrrole, pyrrolidine, pyrazole, imidazole, triazole, etc.) Ring, pyridine, pyridazine, pyrimi Emissions, pyrazine, piperidine, 6-membered ring such as piperazine, indole, indoline, quinoline, acridine, naphthyridine, quinazoline, other condensed rings purine) and the like. These heterocyclic groups may have a substituent (for example, a group similar to the substituent that the hydrocarbon group may have).
[0031]
Typical examples of the aliphatic aldehyde include, for example, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propionaldehyde, butyraldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, valeraldehyde (pentanal), isovaleraldehyde, pivalin aldehyde, hexanal, heptanal, octanal, nonanal, decanal, dodecanal And aliphatic saturated aldehydes such as tetradecanal and hexadecanal; aliphatic dialdehydes such as gliogizar and succindialdehyde; and aliphatic unsaturated aldehydes such as acrolein, crotonaldehyde, and propiolaldehyde.
[0032]
Typical examples of the alicyclic aldehyde include cyclopentanecarbaldehyde, cyclohexanecarbaldehyde, cyclooctanecarbaldehyde, cyclododecancarbaldehyde, 2-formylnorbornane, 2-formylnorbornene, and the like.
[0033]
Representative examples of aromatic aldehydes include, for example, benzaldehyde, o-tolualdehyde, m-tolualdehyde, p-tolualdehyde, salicylaldehyde, cinnamaldehyde, α-naphthaldehyde, β-naphthaldehyde, phthalaldehyde, terephthalaldehyde And isophthalaldehyde.
[0034]
Representative examples of the heterocyclic aldehyde include, for example, furfural, 3-tetrahydrofurancarbaldehyde, 2-pyridinecarbaldehyde, 3-pyridinecarbaldehyde, 4-pyridinecarbaldehyde, 3-quinolinecarbaldehyde, 3-thiophenecarbaldehyde. Etc.
[0035]
Examples of the acetal derivative of aldehyde include an acetal compound obtained by a reaction between an aldehyde and an alcohol. Examples of the alcohol include monohydric alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, and trichloroethanol; dihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, and tetramethylene glycol. Is exemplified. When a dihydric alcohol is used as the alcohol, a cyclic acetal is often formed.
[0036]
[Olefin]
The olefin used as the other reaction component (substrate) is not particularly limited, and any of terminal olefins and internal olefins can be used. The olefin includes the following formula (3)
[Chemical 7]
(Wherein Rb, Rc, Rd, ReAre the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or an organic group. Rb, Rc, Rd, ReAt least two of them may be bonded to each other to form a ring together with adjacent carbon atoms or carbon-carbon bonds)
The compound represented by these is included.
[0037]
In formula (3), Rb, Rc, Rd, ReThe organic group in the organic group may be any organic group that does not inhibit this reaction. For example, a halogen atom, hydrocarbon group, heterocyclic group, substituted oxycarbonyl group (alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, aralkyloxy group) Carbonyl group, cycloalkyloxycarbonyl group, etc.), carboxyl group, substituted or unsubstituted carbamoyl group (N-substituted or unsubstituted amide group), cyano group, nitro group, sulfur acid group (sulfonic acid group, sulfinic acid group), Examples thereof include a sulfur acid ester group (sulfonic acid ester group, sulfinic acid ester group), acyl group, hydroxyl group, alkoxy group, N-substituted or unsubstituted amino group. The carboxyl group, hydroxyl group and amino group may be protected with a conventional protecting group.
[0038]
Examples of the halogen atom include fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine atoms. As the hydrocarbon group, RaThe groups exemplified as the hydrocarbon group in Fig. 1 and the like may be mentioned, and these hydrocarbon groups may have the above-described substituent. Preferred hydrocarbon groups include about 1 to 20 carbon atoms (particularly about 1 to 10 carbon atoms) such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, isobutyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, vinyl, and allyl groups. Linear or branched aliphatic hydrocarbon group (alkyl group, alkenyl group and alkynyl group); aromatic hydrocarbon group having about 6 to 20 carbon atoms such as phenyl group, naphthyl group; cycloalkyl group; trifluoro A haloalkyl group having about 1 to 6 carbon atoms (particularly about 1 to 4 carbon atoms) such as a methyl group is included.
[0039]
Examples of the heterocyclic group include the RaExamples include the groups exemplified as the heterocyclic group, and these heterocyclic groups may have the above-described substituent. Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include C, such as methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl, propoxycarbonyl, isopropoxycarbonyl, butoxycarbonyl, t-butoxycarbonyl group and the like.1-6Alkoxy-carbonyl groups and the like are included. The aryloxycarbonyl group includes, for example, a phenyloxycarbonyl group, and the aralkyloxycarbonyl group includes, for example, a benzyloxycarbonyl group. Examples of the cycloalkyloxycarbonyl group include a cyclopentyloxycarbonyl group and a cyclohexyloxycarbonyl group.
[0040]
Examples of the substituted carbamoyl group include an N-methylcarbamoyl group and an N, N-dimethylcarbamoyl group. The sulfonic acid ester group includes sulfonic acid C such as methyl sulfonate and ethyl sulfonate group.1-4Alkyl ester groups and the like are included. Sulfinic acid ester groups include sulfinic acid C such as methyl sulfinate and ethyl sulfinate groups.1-4Alkyl ester groups and the like are included. Examples of the acyl group include aliphatic acyl groups such as acetyl and propionyl groups (for example, C2-7Aliphatic acyl groups), and aromatic acyl groups such as benzoyl groups. Examples of the alkoxy group include alkoxy groups having about 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and butoxy groups. N-substituted amino groups include, for example, N, N-dimethylamino, N, N-diethylamino, piperidino groups and the like.
[0041]
Preferred Rb, Rc, Rd, ReIncludes a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group [for example, C1-15Aliphatic hydrocarbon group (especially C1-10Aliphatic hydrocarbon groups), C6-14An aryl group (such as a phenyl group), a cycloalkyl group (such as a cycloalkyl group of about 3 to 8 members), a haloalkyl group (for example, C such as a trifluoromethyl group)1-6Haloalkyl groups, especially C1-4Haloalkyl group)], heterocyclic group, substituted oxycarbonyl group (for example, C1-6Alkoxy-carbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, aralkyloxycarbonyl group, cycloalkyloxycarbonyl group, etc.), carboxyl group, substituted or unsubstituted carbamoyl group, cyano group, nitro group, sulfur acid group, sulfur acid ester group, acyl group Etc. are included.
[0042]
Rb, Rc, Rd, ReRings formed by bonding at least two of them together with adjacent carbon atoms or carbon-carbon bonds include 3 to 20 such as cyclopropane, cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclopentene, cyclohexane, cyclohexene, cyclooctane, and cyclododecane ring. Examples include alicyclic carbocyclic rings having about a member (cycloalkane ring, cycloalkene ring, etc.); bridged rings such as norbornene ring; and heterocyclic rings such as pyrrole ring, furan ring, and thiophene ring. These rings may have a substituent, and other rings (non-aromatic ring or aromatic ring) may be condensed.
[0043]
More specifically, examples of the olefin (olefin represented by the formula (3)) include, for example, aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbons, alicyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons, α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds (α , Β-unsaturated ketones), α, β-unsaturated esters, α, β-unsaturated aldehydes, α, β-unsaturated nitriles, α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids, α, β-unsaturated Saturated carboxylic acid amides, α, β-unsaturated imines, conjugated dienes (including compounds in which a double bond and a triple bond are conjugated); These may have a substituent.
[0044]
In the olefin, examples of the aliphatic unsaturated hydrocarbon include ethene, propene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene, 2-methyl-1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-octene- 3-ol, 1-nonene, 1-decene, 1-undecene, 1-dodecene, 1-hexadecene, 1-octadecene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,7-octadiene, styrene, vinyltoluene , Α-olefins such as α-methylstyrene, allylbenzene, 4-phenyl-1-butene, allylcyclohexane, diethyl 2-allylmalonate, 2-butene, isobutene, 2-pentene, 2,4,4-trimethyl 2-pentene, 2-hexene, 2,3-dimethyl-2-butene, 3-hexene, 2-octene, 3-o Examples thereof include internal olefins such as octene, 4-octene, 2-nonene, and 2,6-octadiene.
[0045]
Alicyclic unsaturated hydrocarbons include, for example, cyclopropene, cyclobutene, cyclopentene, cyclohexene, cycloheptene, cyclooctene, cyclononene, cyclodecene, cycloundecene, cyclododecene, 1,4-cyclohexadiene, 1,4-cycloheptadiene. , Cyclodecadiene, cyclododecadiene, limonene, 1-p-mentene, 3-p-mentene, carbeol, bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene (norbornene), 5-norbornene-2,3- Dicarboxylic acid anhydrides, bicyclo [3.2.1] oct-2-ene, α-pinene, 2-bornene, dicyclopentadiene and the like are included.
[0046]
Examples of the α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compound include 3-buten-2-one (vinyl methyl ketone), 3-methyl-3-buten-2-one, 4-penten-3-one (vinyl ethyl). Ketone), 3-penten-4-one (methyl-1-propenyl ketone), 5-hexen-4-one, 4-methyl-3-penten-2-one, 4-methyl-4-penten-3-one , Holon (2,6-dimethyl-2,5-heptadien-4-one), 2,6-dimethyl-5-hepten-4-one, 1-acetyl-1-cyclohexene, 3-phenyl-2-propene- 1-one, aliphatic α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds such as 4-phenyl-3-buten-2-one; 2-cyclopenten-1-one, 2-cyclohexen-1-one, 2- (3-methyl Cyclohex ) -1-one, 2- (3-methylcyclopentene) -1-one, 2-cyclohepten-1-one, 2-cycloocten-1-one and the like alicyclic α, β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds, etc. Is mentioned.
[0047]
Examples of α, β-unsaturated esters include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, (meth ) (Meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters such as t-butyl acrylate; (meth) acrylic acid aryl esters such as phenyl (meth) acrylate; (meth) acrylic acid esters; methyl crotonate, ethyl crotonate, etc. Crotonic acid esters such as alkyl crotonic acid; Fumaric acid esters such as dialkyl fumarate such as dimethyl fumarate and diethyl fumarate; Maleic acid esters such as dialkyl maleate such as dimethyl maleate and diethyl maleate ; Methyl 3-methyl-2-butenoate, 3-methyl Examples include ethyl ru-2-butenoate, methyl 2-pentenoate, methyl 2-octenoate and the like. Examples of α, β-unsaturated aldehydes include propenal and crotonaldehyde. Examples of α, β-unsaturated nitriles include acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile. Examples of the α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids include (meth) acrylic acid and crotonic acid. Examples of α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acid amides include (meth) acrylamide. Examples of the α, β-unsaturated imines include N- (2-propenylidene) methylamine and N- (2-butenylidene) methylamine. Conjugated dienes (including compounds in which double bonds and triple bonds are conjugated) include, for example, butadiene, isoprene, 2-chlorobutadiene, 2-ethylbutadiene, vinylacetylene, cyclopentadiene derivatives, and the like. It is. Alkenyl carboxylates include vinyl acetate, isopropenyl acetate and the like.
[0048]
In the present invention, a compound having a formyl group or an acetal derivative thereof and an olefin moiety in the molecule can also be used as the aldehyde or its acetal derivative and / or olefin as a reaction component. In such a compound, an addition reaction can proceed in the molecule to produce a corresponding ketone or an acetal derivative thereof. Examples of the compound include terpenes such as citronellal.
[0049]
[Radical generator]
In the method of the present invention, a radical generator is preferably present in the system. Examples of the radical generator include halogen (chlorine, bromine, etc.), peracid (peracetic acid, m-chloroperbenzoic acid, etc.), peroxide (hydrogen peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, t-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP). ) And the like, and radical initiators (such as azobisisobutyronitrile). Among these, peroxides such as benzoyl peroxide are preferable. The amount of the radical generator used is usually about 0.001 to 0.5 mol with respect to 1 mol of the substrate (for example, a component to be used in a small amount of aldehyde or its acetal derivative and olefin).
[0050]
The radical generator may be added all at once to the system, but the yield of the target compound may be improved by intermittently or continuously adding it to the system.
[0051]
[reaction]
The reaction is carried out in the presence or absence of a solvent. Examples of the solvent include aliphatic hydrocarbons such as hexane and octane; aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzene, toluene and xylene; alicyclic hydrocarbons such as cyclopentane, cyclohexane and methylcyclohexane; chloroform, dichloromethane, dichloroethane, and four Halogenated hydrocarbons such as carbon chloride, chlorobenzene and trifluoromethylbenzene; linear or cyclic ethers such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dimethoxyethane, tetrahydrofuran and dioxane; ketones such as acetone and methyl ethyl ketone; acetic acid, propionic acid, tri Organic acids such as fluoroacetic acid; Nitriles such as acetonitrile, propionitrile, and benzonitrile; formamide, acetamide, dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethylacetoa Amides such as de; nitrobenzene, nitromethane, nitro compounds such as nitroethane; ethyl acetate, esters such as butyl acetate; water; and mixed solvents thereof. As the solvent, aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated hydrocarbons, ethers and the like are suitable.
[0052]
The ratio of the aldehyde or its acetal derivative and the olefin can be appropriately selected depending on the type (price, reactivity) and combination of both compounds. For example, the aldehyde or its acetal derivative may be used in an equivalent amount or in excess (for example, about 1.1 to 50 mol times) relative to the olefin, and conversely, the olefin or excess in amount relative to the aldehyde or its acetal derivative is used. May be.
[0053]
This reaction proceeds smoothly even under relatively mild conditions. The reaction temperature can be appropriately selected according to the type of the aldehyde or its acetal derivative and olefin, and is, for example, about 0 to 150 ° C, preferably about 40 to 125 ° C. The reaction can be performed by a conventional method such as a batch system, a semi-batch system, or a continuous system.
[0054]
The order of addition of the aldehyde or its acetal derivative, olefin, imide compound catalyst, and radical generator (used as necessary) used in the reaction is not particularly limited. For example, these components may be present in the system from the beginning of the reaction, and an olefin is contained in a mixture at a predetermined temperature containing an aldehyde or an acetal derivative thereof, an imide compound catalyst, and, if necessary, a radical generator. They may be added all at once or continuously or intermittently.
[0055]
According to the method of the present invention, a ketone or an acetal derivative thereof, which is an addition product of an aldehyde or an acetal derivative thereof and an olefin, is formed. When formaldehyde or its acetal derivative (for example, 1,3-dioxolane) is used as the raw material aldehyde or its acetal derivative, an aldehyde or its acetal derivative is produced as an addition product. Or an acetal derivative thereof. The acetal derivative produced can be converted to the corresponding carbonyl compound by a conventional method.
[0056]
More specifically, for example, when an aldehyde represented by the formula (2) and an olefin represented by the formula (3) are reacted, a ketone represented by the following formula (4) is generated. Moreover, when the acetal derivative of the aldehyde represented by the formula (2) is reacted with the olefin represented by the formula (3), a corresponding acetal derivative of the ketone represented by the following formula (4) is generated.
[Chemical 8]
(Wherein Ra, Rb, Rc, Rd, ReIs the same as above)
[0057]
After completion of the reaction, the reaction product can be separated and purified by, for example, separation means such as filtration, concentration, distillation, extraction, crystallization, recrystallization, adsorption, column chromatography, or a combination thereof.
[0058]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method of the present invention, since an imide compound having a specific structure is used as a catalyst, ketones, which are corresponding addition products, can be efficiently produced from an aldehyde or an acetal derivative thereof and an olefin under mild conditions. .
[0059]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples. The analysis was performed by gas chromatography or high performance liquid chromatography.
[0060]
Example 1
6 mmol of pentanal, 2 mmol of 1-octene, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide and 2 ml of benzene were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 12 hours in an argon atmosphere. 0.1 mmol of benzoyl oxide was added and stirred for 12 hours under the same conditions. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-tridecanone was produced in a yield of 55%. The conversion rate of 1-octene was 66%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 53%.
[0061]
Example 2
The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that 0.2 mmol of 4-chloro-N-hydroxyphthalimide was used instead of N-hydroxyphthalimide. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-tridecanone was produced in a yield of 52%. The conversion rate of 1-octene was 60%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 41%.
[0062]
Example 3
The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that 0.2 mmol of 3-fluoro-N-hydroxyphthalimide was used instead of N-hydroxyphthalimide. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-tridecanone was produced in a yield of 59%. The conversion rate of 1-octene was 68%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 52%.
[0063]
Example 4
The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxysuccinimide was used instead of N-hydroxyphthalimide. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-tridecanone was produced in a yield of 50%. The conversion rate of 1-octene was 73%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 57%.
[0064]
Example 5
The same operation as in Example 1 was performed except that the amount of benzene used was 1 ml. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-tridecanone was produced in a yield of 63%. In addition, dodecane was by-produced at a yield of 8%. The conversion of 1-octene was 78%, and the conversion of pentanal was 47%.
[0065]
Comparative Example 1
The same operation as in Example 5 was performed except that N-hydroxyphthalimide was not used. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-tridecanone was produced in a yield of 34%. In addition, dodecane was by-produced at a yield of 4%. The conversion rate of 1-octene was 73%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 40%.
[0066]
Example 6
6 mmol of pentanal, 2 mmol of 1-octene, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 1 ml of toluene were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 12 hours in an argon atmosphere. 0.1 mmol of benzoyl oxide was added and stirred for 12 hours under the same conditions. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-tridecanone was produced in a yield of 59%. In addition, dodecane was by-produced with a yield of 6%. The conversion rate of 1-octene was 77%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 52%.
[0067]
Example 7
The same operation as in Example 6 was performed except that 0.2 mmol of 3-fluoro-N-hydroxyphthalimide was used instead of N-hydroxyphthalimide. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-tridecanone was produced in a yield of 62%. In addition, dodecane was by-produced with a yield of 9%. The conversion rate of 1-octene was 79%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 64%.
[0068]
Example 8
The same operation as in Example 6 was performed except that 1 ml of trifluorotoluene (trifluoromethylbenzene) was used instead of toluene. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-tridecanone was produced in a yield of 56%. In addition, dodecane was by-produced with a yield of 9%. The conversion rate of 1-octene was 77%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 54%.
[0069]
Example 9
The same operation as in Example 6 was performed except that 1 ml of chlorobenzene was used instead of toluene. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-tridecanone was produced in a yield of 57%. In addition, dodecane was by-produced with a yield of 6%. The conversion rate of 1-octene was 72%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 46%.
[0070]
Example 10
The same operation as in Example 6 was performed except that 1 ml of dioxane was used instead of toluene. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-tridecanone was produced in a yield of 53%. In addition, dodecane was by-produced at a yield of 8%. The conversion rate of 1-octene was 74%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 37%.
[0071]
Example 11
6 mmol of pentanal, 2 mmol of diethyl 2-allylmalonate, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 1 ml of toluene were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 12 hours under an argon atmosphere. Further, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide was added and stirred for 12 hours under the same conditions. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, diethyl 2- (4-oxooctyl) malonate was produced in a yield of 61%. The conversion rate of diethyl 2-allylmalonate was 91%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 53%.
[0072]
Example 12
The same operation as in Example 11 was performed except that 1 ml of chlorobenzene was used instead of toluene. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, diethyl 2- (4-oxooctyl) malonate was produced in a yield of 72%. The conversion of diethyl 2-allylmalonate was 91%, and the conversion of pentanal was 47%.
[0073]
Example 13
The same operation as in Example 11 was performed except that 1 ml of benzene was used instead of toluene. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, diethyl 2- (4-oxooctyl) malonate was produced in a yield of 83%. The conversion rate of diethyl 2-allylmalonate was 92%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 47%.
[0074]
Example 14
6 mmol of pentanal, 2 mmol of norbornene, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 1 ml of benzene were placed in a flask, stirred at 80 ° C. for 12 hours under an argon atmosphere, and then further benzoyl peroxide. 0.1 mmol was added and stirred for 12 hours under the same conditions. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 2-pentanoylnorbornane was produced in a yield of 69%. The conversion rate of norbornene was 85%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 46%.
[0075]
Example 15
The same operation as in Example 14 was performed except that 0.2 mmol of 4-chloro-N-hydroxyphthalimide was used instead of N-hydroxyphthalimide. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 2-pentanoyl norbornane was produced in a yield of 72%. The conversion rate of norbornene was 91%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 46%.
[0076]
Example 16
6 mmol of pentanal, 2 mmol of 2-cyclopenten-1-one, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 1 ml of toluene were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 12 hours under an argon atmosphere. Thereafter, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide was further added, and the mixture was stirred for 12 hours under the same conditions. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 3-pentanoylcyclopentanone was produced in a yield of 52%. The conversion rate of 2-cyclopenten-1-one was 99% or more, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 36%.
[0077]
Example 17
6 mmol of pentanal, 2 mmol of 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 1 ml of toluene were placed in a flask and heated at 80 ° C. under an argon atmosphere. Then, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide was further added, and the mixture was stirred for 12 hours under the same conditions. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-pentanoylnorbornane-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride was produced in a yield of 91%. The conversion rate of 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride was 99% or more, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 53%.
[0078]
Example 18
Citronellal 1 mmol, 4-chloro-N-hydroxyphthalimide 0.1 mmol, benzoyl peroxide 0.2 mmol, and toluene 1 ml were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 20 hours under an argon atmosphere. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 2-isopropyl-5-methylcyclohexanone (isomentone), an intramolecular reaction product, was obtained in a yield of 38%. The conversion of citronellal was 76%.
[0079]
Example 19
6 mmol of pentanal, 2 mmol of 1-undecene, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.2 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 2 ml of benzene were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 12 hours under an argon atmosphere. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 5-hexadecanone was obtained in a yield of 33%. The conversion of 1-undecencitronellal was 57%, and the conversion of pentanal was 39%.
[0080]
Example 20
6 mmol of pentanal, 2 mmol of 2-methyl-1-heptene, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.2 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 2 ml of benzene were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 12 hours in an argon atmosphere. . When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 7-methyl-5-dodecanone was obtained in a yield of 37%. The conversion rate of 2-methyl-1-heptene was 63%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 47%.
[0081]
Example 21
6 mmol of pentanal, 2 mmol of 4-phenyl-1-butene, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.2 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 2 ml of dioxane were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 12 hours under an argon atmosphere. . When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 9-phenyl-5-nonanone was obtained in a yield of 18%. The conversion rate of 4-phenyl-1-butene was 33%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 15%.
[0082]
Example 22
6 mmol of pentanal, 2 mmol of isopropenyl acetate, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.2 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 2 ml of dioxane were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 12 hours under an argon atmosphere. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 1-methyl-3-oxoheptyl acetate was obtained in a yield of 12%. The conversion rate of isopropenyl acetate was 59%, and the conversion rate of pentanal was 20%.
[0083]
Example 23
6 mmol of pentanal, 2 mmol of vinyl acetate, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 1 ml of toluene were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 12 hours in an argon atmosphere. 0.1 mmol of benzoyl was added and stirred for 12 hours under the same conditions. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 3-oxoheptyl acetate was obtained in a yield of 10%. The conversion of pentanal was 46%.
[0084]
Example 24
Acetaldehyde (10 mmol), 1-octene (2 mmol), N-hydroxyphthalimide (0.2 mmol), benzoyl peroxide (0.2 mmol), and toluene (1 ml) were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 16 hours in an argon atmosphere. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 2-decanone was obtained in a yield of 10%. The conversion of 1-octene was 20%.
[0085]
Example 25
6 mmol of propionaldehyde, 2 mmol of 1-octene, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 1 ml of chlorobenzene were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 12 hours under an argon atmosphere. 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide was added and stirred for 12 hours under the same conditions. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 3-undecanone was obtained in a yield of 23%. The conversion of 1-octene was 55%.
[0086]
Example 26
15 mmol of pentanal, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.2 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 1 ml of toluene were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. under an argon atmosphere. 2 mmol of isobutyl acrylate was added dropwise to the mixture at the same temperature over 9 hours, and the mixture was further stirred at the same temperature for 2 hours. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, isobutyl 4-oxooctanoate was produced in 88% yield and isobutyl 4-isobutyloxycarbonyl-6-oxodecanoate was produced in 10% yield. The conversion of isobutyl acrylate was 99% or more.
[0087]
Example 27
15 mmol of pentanal, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 1 ml of toluene were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. under an argon atmosphere. 2 mmol of methyl acrylate was added dropwise to the mixture at the same temperature over 8 hours, and the mixture was further stirred at the same temperature for 2 hours. When the reaction mixture was analyzed, methyl 4-oxooctanoate was produced in a yield of 80% and methyl 4-methoxycarbonyl-6-oxodecanoate was produced in a yield of 12%. The conversion rate of methyl acrylate was 99% or more.
[0088]
Example 28
15 mmol of pentanal, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.1 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 1 ml of toluene were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. under an argon atmosphere. To the mixture, 2 mmol of acrylonitrile was added dropwise at the same temperature over 8 hours, and the mixture was further stirred at the same temperature for 2 hours. Analysis of the reaction mixture revealed that 4-oxooctanenitrile was produced in a yield of 71% and 4-cyano-6-oxodecanenitrile in a yield of 20%. The conversion of acrylonitrile was 99% or more.
[0089]
Example 29
30 mmol of 1,3-dioxolane, 2 mmol of diethyl fumarate, 0.2 mmol of N-hydroxyphthalimide, 0.2 mmol of benzoyl peroxide, and 1 ml of toluene were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 1 hour in an argon atmosphere. . When the reaction mixture was analyzed, the yield of 2- [1,2-bis (ethoxycarbonyl) ethyl] -1,3-dioxolane was 40%, and 2- [1,2,3,4-tetrakis (ethoxycarbonyl) butyl. ] -1,3-dioxolane was obtained with a yield of 6%. The conversion of diethyl fumarate was 97%.
[Spectral data of 2- [1,2-bis (ethoxycarbonyl) ethyl] -1,3-dioxolane]
13C-NMR (CDClThree) Δ: 14.0, 14.1, 30.2, 45.7, 60.5, 61.0, 65.2, 102.7, 170.7, 171.7
1H-NMR (CDClThree) Δ: 1.24-1.29 (m, 6H), 2.58-2.63 (d, d, J = 9.8Hz, 1H), 2.75-2.81 (d, d, J = 9.28Hz, 1H), 3.21-3.25 (m, 1H), 3.87-3.99 (m, 4H), 4.11-4.23 (m, 2H), 5.20 (d, J = 4.4Hz, 1H)
[0090]
Example 30
1,3-dioxolane 30 mmol, diethyl maleate 2 mmol, N-hydroxyphthalimide 0.2 mmol, benzoyl peroxide 0.2 mmol, and toluene 1 ml were placed in a flask and stirred at 80 ° C. for 1 hour in an argon atmosphere. . When the reaction mixture was analyzed, 2- [1,2-bis (ethoxycarbonyl) ethyl] -1,3-dioxolane was obtained in a yield of 76% and 2- [1,2,3,4-tetrakis (ethoxycarbonyl). ) A trace amount of butyl] -1,3-dioxolane was obtained. The conversion of diethyl maleate was 87%.
Claims (2)
で表される環状イミド骨格を有するイミド化合物(Fedorsの方法による溶解度パラメーター[エステル結合を構成する酸素原子(− O −)の蒸発エネルギーが3350J/mol、モル体積が3.8cm 3 /molとなる温度(25℃)での値]が26[(MPa)1/2]以下である環状イミド骨格を有するイミド化合物を除く)の存在下、アルデヒド又はそのアセタール誘導体とオレフィンとを反応させて、対応する付加生成物であるケトン又はそのアセタール誘導体を得ることを特徴とするケトン類の製造法。The following formula ( I )
Solubility parameter [oxygen atom constituting an ester bond (due in imide compound having a cyclic imide skeleton represented (Fedors method - O - evaporation energy) is 3350J / mol, molar volume is 3.8 cm 3 / mol In the presence of a cyclic imide skeleton having a temperature (value at 25 ° C.) of 26 [(MPa) 1/2 ] or less), by reacting an aldehyde or its acetal derivative with an olefin. And a ketone or an acetal derivative thereof, which is an addition product.
で表される化合物である請求項1記載のケトン類の製造法。The imide compound is represented by the following formula ( 1 )
The method for producing a ketone according to claim 1, wherein the compound is represented by the formula:
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