JP4027757B2

JP4027757B2 - Opening and closing device for greenhouse ventilation film

Info

Publication number: JP4027757B2
Application number: JP2002263014A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 誠黒木; 敦及川; 基日向野; 崇司江本; 壮平役
Original assignee: Seiwa KK
Current assignee: Seiwa KK
Priority date: 2002-09-09
Filing date: 2002-09-09
Publication date: 2007-12-26
Anticipated expiration: 2022-09-09
Also published as: JP2004097085A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
温室用の外被としては、一般に、ビニルフィルム、ポリオレフィン系フィルム、フッ素系フィルムなどのプラスチックフィルムが用いられる。かかるプラスチックフィルムは、温室の骨組み材に支持され、風等に煽られることによるばたつき等をできるだけ小さくするために、所定の張力をかけて設けられている。その一方、温室内の換気を行う必要があることから、温室の側面部には、換気用の開口部を形成している。そして、この開口部を覆うように換気部材としてのプラスチックフィルムを配設し、このプラスチックフィルムを巻き取り軸に巻き取ることにより該開口部を開放して換気可能とし、巻き戻すことにより開口部を閉塞できるようにしている。
【０００３】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記したように、温室内を換気するに当たっては、巻き取り軸に巻き取り及び巻き戻し可能な換気部材としてのプラスチックフィルム（換気フィルム）を設ける必要がある。このため、換気フィルムによって開口部を閉じた際には、開口部周囲に位置する、固定配設されたプラスチックフィルム（固定張り）との間の隙間対策が問題となる。かかる隙間をなくす手段として、開閉動作する換気フィルムの先端に板状部材をひさし状に突出させ、閉じた際には、この板状部材が固定張りと重なるようにすることが考えられる。しかしながら、このような板状部材を設けた場合には、巻き取り軸を回転駆動させる際の負荷となる。換気用の開口部は、上記のように、温室の側面部に形成されることが通常であるが、温室の換気効率を向上させるためには、温室の天井部に換気用の開口部を形成することが望まれる。しかしながら、天井部に形成する場合には、雨滴の侵入を確実に防止する必要があることから、側面部に形成する場合よりも、ひさし状の板状部材としては、より確実に密閉できる構造のものが必要となり、巻き取り軸の駆動負荷はさらに大きくなる。
【０００４】
また、温室を形成する骨組み材は軽量なパイプ材からなるが、外被を形成するプラスチックフィルムは所定の張力をかけて張設されるため、施工時に長手方向あるいは上下方向に骨組み材に蛇行を生じさせる場合がある。この場合には、板状部材からなるひさしを用いたとしても、部分的に隙間が生じてしまうことから、密閉性の点で問題がある。
【０００５】
一方、作物によっては、害虫や鳥による被害を防止する必要があるが、かかる場合、従来、上記した換気フィルムとは別途に、換気用の開口部の内側に、防虫・防鳥用ネットを設ける必要があった。このため、設備コストの増加要因になると共に、設置作業も面倒であるという問題があった。
【０００６】
本発明は上記した点に鑑みなされたものであり、ひさし状に突出させる密閉用の板状部材を不要とすることにより、巻き取り軸の駆動負荷を軽減できると共に、温室の骨組み材に蛇行が生じたとしても、換気用の開口部の密閉性を損なうことがなく、しかも、防虫・防鳥機能を備え、換気用に必要な部材とは別の、専用の防虫・防鳥用ネットを不要とすることができる温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置を提供することを課題とする。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記した課題を解決するため、請求項１記載の本発明では、密閉用フィルム部と、換気用孔部を備えた換気用孔部形成部とが隣接して一体的に形成された温室用換気フィルムによって温室の換気用の開口部を開閉する温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置であって、
前記密閉用フィルム部の端部と換気用孔部形成部の端部とは、それぞれ固定されて配設されており、
前記密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部との隣接方向に対して略直交する方向に長手方向を沿わせ、かつ前記密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部との隣接方向に所定間隔をおいて設けられる一対の巻き取り軸を具備し、
一方の巻き取り軸は、前記密閉用フィルム部を巻き戻した展開時において、該密閉用フィルム部の端部と、換気用孔部形成部との隣接部との間の中間付近に位置し、回転して移動しながら、該密閉用フィルム部をその中途部から巻き取り又は巻き戻し可能に設けられ、
他方の巻き取り軸は、前記換気用孔部形成部を巻き戻した展開時において、該換気用孔部形成部の端部と、密閉用フィルム部との隣接部との間の中間付近に位置し、回転して移動しながら、該換気用孔部形成部をその中途部から巻き取り又は巻き戻し可能に設けられ、
前記一方の巻き取り軸に密閉用フィルム部を巻き取りながら、該一方の巻き取り軸が密閉用フィルム部の端部方向に移動していくと、他方の巻き取り軸から換気用孔部形成部が巻き戻され、前記換気用の開口部が開放されていき、前記他方の巻き取り軸に換気用孔部形成部を巻き取りながら、該他方の巻き取り軸が換気用孔部形成部の端部方向に移動していくと、一方の巻き取り軸から密閉用フィルム部が巻き戻され、前記換気用の開口部が閉じられていく構造であることを特徴とする温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置を提供する。
請求項２記載の本発明では、密閉用フィルム部と、換気用孔部を備えた換気用孔部形成部とが隣接して一体的に又はそれぞれ別々に形成された温室用換気フィルムによって温室の換気用の開口部を開閉する温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置であって、
前記温室用換気フィルムは、前記密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部のうち、一方が他方の略２倍の長さを有しており、
前記密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部との隣接方向に対して略直交する方向に長手方向を沿わせ、かつ前記密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部との隣接方向に所定間隔をおいて設けられる一対の巻き取り軸を具備し、
一方の巻き取り軸は、前記密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部とがその隣接部から一緒に巻き付けられ、回転して移動しながら、該密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部とを共に巻き取り又は巻き戻し可能に設けられ、
他方の巻き取り軸は、前記密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部のうち、展開状態で長さの長いものの一方の端部と隣接部との間の中間付近に位置し、回転して移動しながら、その中途部から巻き取り又は巻き戻し可能に設けられ、
前記一方の巻き取り軸によって前記密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部とをその隣接部から共に最大限に巻き取った状態、又は、前記他方の巻き取り軸によって前記密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部のうち、展開状態で長さの長いものを、その中途部から最大限に巻き取った状態で、前記密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部との隣接部の反対側に位置する各端部がそれぞれ固定されており、
前記一方の巻き取り軸を、巻き戻し状態から巻き取り方向に回転させると、前記他方の巻き取り軸により巻き取られていた、前記密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部のうち、展開状態で長さの長いものが巻き戻され、前記他方の巻き取り軸を、巻き戻し状態から巻き取り方向に回転させると、前記一方の巻き取り軸により巻き取られていた、前記密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部のうち、展開状態で長さの短いものが巻き戻されていく構造であることを特徴とする温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置を提供する。
請求項３記載の本発明では、前記換気用孔部形成部が、前記密閉用フィルム部との隣接部の反対側に位置する端部に、換気用孔部を有さない所定幅のフィルム部を有することを特徴とする請求項１又は２記載の温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置を提供する。
請求項４記載の本発明では、前記換気用孔部形成部が、ネット状部材、密閉用フィルム部との隣接方向に対して略直交する方向に所定間隔ごとに設けられた複数の紐状部材、又は該ネット状部材と複数の紐状部材との組み合わせにより構成されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜３のいずれか１に記載の温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置を提供する。
請求項５記載の本発明では、前記各巻き取り軸には、それぞれ、各巻き取り軸から密閉用フィルム部又は換気用孔部形成部が巻き戻される際に、所定の制動力を発揮する制動機構が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１〜４のいずれか１に記載の温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置を提供する。
請求項６記載の本発明では、前記各巻き取り軸の逆転を防止する逆転防止手段が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項１〜５のいずれか１に記載の温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置を提供する。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面に示した実施形態に基づき本発明をさらに詳細に説明する。図１は本発明の一の実施形態にかかる温室用換気フィルム１０を示す平面図である。この図に示したように、温室用換気フィルム１０は、密閉用フィルム部１１と換気用孔部形成部としてのネット状部材１２とが一方向に隣接して設けられている。密閉用フィルム部１１は、雨滴や空気が表裏に通過し得る孔部を有さない、従来、ビニルハウス等の温室の外被として用いられているフィルムそのままの形態からなり、ネット状部材１２は、多数の換気用孔部１２ｄを備えた網目状に形成されている。ネット状部材１２に形成された換気用孔部１２ｄは、主として換気の役割を果たすことができる限り、その孔径は限定されるものではないが、防虫・防鳥機能を兼用させることが望ましく、害虫や鳥が通過し得ない孔径で形成することが好ましい。換気用孔部１２ｄの孔形状は限定されるものではなく、円形、楕円形あるいは方形であってもよいし、長孔状ないしはスリット状に形成したものであってもよい。
【０００９】
密閉用フィルム部１１とネット状部材１２とは、予め別体に成形したものを、隣接部１１ａ，１２ａ同士を一部重ねて溶着、接着等により一体化したものであってもよいし、一枚のプラスチックフィルムを用いて、図１の左半分に対して換気用孔部を穿ち、該左半分をネット状部材１２とし、右半分を密閉用フィルム部１１とすることもできる。
【００１０】
上記した温室用換気フィルム１０は、温室１００に対し、密閉用フィルム部１１とネット状部材１２との隣接方向（図１参照）に、開閉装置２０によって巻き取り又は巻き戻しされることにより、温室１００の換気用の開口部１１０を開閉可能に設けられる。例えば、図２に示したように、温室１００の天井部付近に換気用の開口部１１０を形成する場合には、該開口部１１０を除いた部分にプラスチックフィルムからなる固定張り１２０を設け、この固定張り１２０間で、該開口部１１０を開閉し得るよう配設する。すなわち、本実施形態の温室用換気フィルム１０の各端部１１ｂ，１２ｂ（隣接部１１ａ，１２ａの反対側の端部）付近を、固定張り１２０との間で隙間が生じないように、温室１００の奥行き方向に沿って設けた固定部材３０によってそれぞれ固定し、該端部１１ｂ，１２ｂ間で、開閉装置２０によって、密閉用フィルム部１１が巻き取られることにより、ネット状部材１２が展開して、換気状態（開口部１１０の開放状態）となり、ネット状部材１２が巻き取られることにより、密閉用フィルム部１１が展開して、温室１００内を密閉状態（開口部１１０の閉塞状態）とし得るように設けられる。
【００１１】
但し、ネット状部材１２は、図１に示したように、その端部１２ｂ付近に、換気用孔部が形成されておらず、密閉用フィルム部１１と同様の形態の所定幅のフィルム部１２ｃを有することが好ましい。後述の他方の巻き取り軸２２によって、ネット状部材１２が全て巻き取られることにより、該巻き取り軸２２が固定部材３０に密接すれば、該巻き取り軸２２によって、雨滴等の内部への侵入を防ぐことができるが、巻き取り軸２２の巻き取り停止位置は、固定部材３０に対して多少の余裕を持った位置とした方が、巻き取り軸２２の巻き取り停止位置付近での動作がスムースになる。従って、巻き取り軸２２の巻き取り停止位置を固定部材３０から多少離間した位置とした場合でも、雨滴等が侵入しないように、ネット状部材１２の端部１２ｂから所定幅の部分は、換気用孔部を有さないフィルム部１２ｃとすることが好ましい。なお、このフィルム部１２ｃは、ネット状部材１２に対し、別部材からなるものを溶着、接着等により一体化して形成してもよいし、換気用孔部１２ｄの形成位置を制限することで、形成してもよい。
【００１２】
また、各端部１１ｂ，１２ｂ付近を固定する固定部材３０の構造は任意であり、例えば、パイプ材を用いて、該パイプ材の周面に各端部１１ｂ，１２ｂを巻き付けた後、その外面から略半管状の弾性のある部材を嵌合して固定することもできるし、長手方向に沿って凹部を備えた長尺部材内に各端部１１ｂ，１２ｂ付近を挿入した後、該凹部内にバネ部材等を装填して、各端部１１ｂ，１２ｂ付近を凹部内に押さえつけて固定することもできる。
【００１３】
上記した温室用換気フィルム１０の巻き取り又は巻き戻しを行う本実施形態の開閉装置２０は、一対の巻き取り軸２１，２２を有して構成される。いずれも、その長手方向を、温室用換気フィルム１０を構成する密閉用フィルム部１１とネット状部材１２との隣接方向に対して略直交する方向、すなわち、図２では、温室１００の長手方向に沿わせて設けられる。一方の巻き取り軸２１は、主として密閉用フィルム部１１の巻き取り・巻き戻しを行い、他方の巻き取り軸２２は、主としてネット状部材１２の巻き取り・巻き戻しを行うことができるように、所定の間隔をおいて配設される。なお、「主として」とは、各巻き取り軸２１，２２の配設位置によって、一方の巻き取り軸２１は、密閉用フィルム部１１のみを巻き取り・巻き戻しする場合のほかに、密閉用フィルム部１１に加えてネット状部材１２の一部も含めて巻き取り・巻き戻しする場合も含む意味であり、また、他方の巻き取り軸２２は、ネット状部材１２のみを巻き取り・巻き戻しする場合のほかに、ネット状部材１２に加えて密閉用フィルム部１１の一部も含めて巻き取り・巻き戻しする場合も含む意味である。
【００１４】
また、一方の巻き取り軸２１は、密閉用フィルム部１１におけるネット状部材１２との隣接部１１ａとその反対側の端部１１ｂとの中途に、好ましくは中間付近に設けられる（図３（ａ）参照）。同様に、他方の巻き取り軸２２は、ネット状部材１２における密閉用フィルム部１１との隣接部１２ａとその反対側の端部１２ｂとの中途に、好ましくは中間付近に設けられる（図５（ａ）参照）。これにより、一方の巻き取り軸２１が一方向（図２においてＸ方向）に回転した場合には、密閉用フィルム部１１のうち、一方の巻き取り軸２１を挟んで両側に位置する部位が一緒に巻き取られていき、他方向（図２においてＹ方向）に回転した場合には、一方の巻き取り軸２１を挟んで両側に位置する部位が一緒に巻き戻されていく。また、他方の巻き取り軸２２が、他方向（図２においてＹ方向）に回転した場合には、ネット状部材１２のうち、他方の巻き取り軸２２を挟んで両側に位置する部位が一緒に巻き取られていき、一方向（図２においてＸ方向）に回転した場合には、他方の巻き取り軸２２を挟んで両側に位置する部位が一緒に巻き戻されていく。
【００１５】
一方の巻き取り軸２１及び他方の巻き取り軸２２は、いずれも制動機構２１ａ，２２ａに長手方向端部が連結されて支持されていることが好ましい。制動機構２１ａ，２２ａは、本実施形態の温室用換気フィルム１０に所定の張力を付与し、ばたつきを防止するために設けられ、かかる機能を果たすものであればどのような構造のものであってもよい。例えば、各巻き取り軸２１，２２の軸受け部回りに粘性液体が充填された回転ダンパや、バネやゴムの弾性力を利用した緩衝器などを用いることができる。また、本実施形態では、一方の巻き取り軸２１をＸ方向に回転させることによって、密閉用フィルム部１１を巻き取り、他方の巻き取り軸２２からネット状部材１２を巻き戻して展開し、他方の巻き取り軸２２をＹ方向に回転させることによって、ネット状部材１２を巻き取り、一方の巻き取り軸２１から密閉用フィルム部１１を巻き戻して展開する構成である。
【００１６】
従って、一方の巻き取り軸２１に設ける制動機構２１ａは、Ｘ方向に回転する際には、制動力が機能せず、Ｙ方向に回転した場合のみ制動力が機能するようなワンウエイクラッチを介在させ、他方の巻き取り軸２２に設ける制動機構２２ａは、Ｙ方向に回転する際に制動力が機能せず、Ｘ方向に回転した場合のみ制動力が機能するようなワンウエイクラッチを介在させることが好ましい。これにより、一方の巻き取り軸２１をＸ方向に回転させた際には、他方の巻き取り軸２２もＸ方向に回転するため、該他方の巻き取り軸２２に連結された制動機構２２ａの制動力が機能し、他方の巻き取り軸２２をＹ方向に回転させた際には、一方の巻き取り軸２１もＹ方向に回転するため、該一方の巻き取り軸２１に連結された制動機構２１ａの制動力が機能する。
【００１７】
一方の巻き取り軸２１及び他方の巻き取り軸２２を回転動作させる駆動機構は、本実施形態では、各端部に連結された滑車部材２１ｂ，２２ｂと、各滑車部材２１ｂ，２２ｂに無端状に掛け回されたチェーン２１ｃ，２２ｃとにより構成されている。すなわち、チェーン２１ｃ，２２ｃを任意の方向に引き下ろすことにより、滑車部材２１ｂ，２２ｂをＸ方向又はＹ方向に回転させて、一方の巻き取り軸２１又は他方の巻き取り軸２２を回転駆動させる構造である。もちろん、これはあくまで一例であり、チェーンに代えてベルト部材を用いることもできるし、一方の巻き取り軸２１又は他方の巻き取り軸２２に駆動伝達軸（図示せず）を連結し、これに操作ハンドルをさらに連結して駆動させる構造とすることもできる。また、手動ではなくモータを用いた電動式とすることもできる。但し、いずれの場合でも、一方の巻き取り軸２１及び他方の巻き取り軸２２は、温室用換気フィルム１０の巻き取り又は巻き戻しに伴ってその位置が変化するため、本実施形態のように滑車部材２１ｂ，２２ｂが各巻き取り軸２１，２２と共に移動する構成とするなど、各巻き取り軸２１，２２の位置変化に追随して駆動力を伝達できる機構とする必要がある。
【００１８】
次に、本実施形態の作用を説明する。例えば、図３に示したように、温室用換気フィルム１０を構成する密閉用フィルム部１１が一方の巻き取り軸２１から巻き戻されて展開され、開口部１１０を閉塞しているとする。かかる状態から、開口部１１０を開放する際には、チェーン２１ｃを操作して、一方の巻き取り軸２１をＸ方向に回転させる。これにより、図４に示したように、密閉用フィルム部１１が一方の巻き取り軸２１にその中途部から巻き取られていき、他方の巻き取り軸２１からネット状部材１２が引き出されてくる。そして、さらに、チェーン２１ｃを操作して一方の巻き取り軸２１をＸ方向に回転させると、図５に示したように、ネット状部材１２が一方の巻き取り軸２１に全て巻き取られ、ネット状部材１２が展開され、開口部１１０がネット状部材１２によって被覆される。これにより、ネット状部材１２の換気用孔部１２ｄを通じて換気がなされる換気状態（開口部１１０の開放状態）となる。一方の巻き取り軸２１をＸ方向に回転させる際には、他方の巻き取り軸２２がＸ方向に回転することにより、他方の巻き取り軸２２に連結された制動機構２２ａの制動力が機能するため、ネット状部材１２は、所定の張力が付与された状態で巻き戻されていき、展張時におけるばたつきが抑制される。また、密閉用フィルム部１１は、一方の巻き取り軸２１を挟んで両側に位置する部位が一緒に巻き取られていき、ネット状部材１２は、他方の巻き取り軸２２を挟んで両側に位置する部位が一緒に巻き戻されていく。従って、密閉用フィルム部１１の巻き取り動作とネット状部材１２の巻き戻し動作が迅速に行われる。このため、温室内において最も温度が高くなる領域である天井付近に溜まる熱を迅速に外部に排出でき、応答性に優れた換気機能を発揮させることができる
【００１９】
このようにして、開口部１１０がネット状部材１２によって被覆されると（開口部１１０が開放状態となると）、その換気用孔部１２ｄを通じて温室１００内の換気がなされると共に、換気状態（開口部１１０の開放状態）であるにも拘わらず、害虫や鳥の温室１００内への侵入が防止される。従って、本実施形態の温室用換気フィルム１０を用いた場合には、換気と同時に、防虫・防鳥機能を発揮できるため、別途の防虫・防鳥ネットを配設する必要がない。また、従来、換気中は、開口部１１０の全面が開放されてしまうため、遮熱や遮光を行うことができなかったが、本実施形態によれば、ネット状部材１２が網目状であるため、所定の遮熱・遮光機能を発揮させることができる。しかも、換気用孔部の大きさ、形状、あるいはネット状部材１２の素材等の選択により、遮熱・遮光能力を種々調整することもできる。
【００２０】
上記した温室用換気フィルム１０を開口部１１０の開放状態から閉じる際には、チェーン２２ｃを操作して、他方の巻き取り軸２２をＹ方向に回転させる。これにより、他方の巻き取り軸２２にネット状部材１２が巻き取られていくと同時に、一方の巻き取り軸２１からは密閉用フィルム部１１が巻き戻されていく。そして、上記と逆に、図４に示した状態を経て、密閉用フィルム部１１が全て巻き戻されると、図３に示したように開口部１１０が密閉用フィルム部１１に覆われて、閉塞状態となる。この場合も、他方の巻き取り軸２２がＹ方向に回転動作中、一方の巻き取り軸２１の制動機構２１ａの制動力が機能するため、ネット状部材１２を巻き取って密閉用フィルム部１１を展張している際のばたつきを抑制することができる。また、ネット状部材１２が他方の巻き取り軸２２に対して中途部から巻き取られ、密閉用フィルム部１１が一方の巻き取り軸２１を挟んで両側に巻き戻されていくため、ネット状部材１２の巻き取り動作及び密閉用フィルム部１１の巻き戻し動作が迅速に行われ、急な降雨等に対する応答性に優れている。
【００２１】
また、他方の巻き取り軸２２にネット状部材１２を全て巻き取った状態では、他方の巻き取り軸２２と一方の巻き取り軸２１との間は、全て密閉用フィルム部１１により覆われ、全く隙間が生じない。また、他方の巻き取り軸２２と固定部材３０との間は、図３（ａ）に示したようにフィルム部１２ｃで覆われている。従来の換気用フィルムは、固定張りに対して可動端部が離接することにより、換気用の開口部を開閉していたために、換気用フィルムの可動端部と固定張りとの間の隙間防止対策（例えば、ひさし状の板状部材など）が必須であったが、本実施形態によれば、ネット状部材１２を巻き取ることにより、全ての換気用孔部１２ｄを閉塞できるため、巻き取り軸と固定張りとの間におけるひさし状の板状部材などを設ける必要がない。従って、巻き取り軸２１，２２の駆動負荷を従来よりも軽減することができる。
【００２２】
ここで、各巻き取り軸２１，２２は、本実施形態においては、上記した制動機構２１ａ，２２ａに支持されており、温室用換気フィルム１０の開閉時におけるばたつきが防止されるが、密閉用フィルム部１１の展開終了時（開口部１１０の閉鎖時）、ネット状部材１２の展開終了時（開口部１１０の開放時）、あるいは、開閉途中で停止させた場合には、各巻き取り軸２１，２２のうちの少なくとも一方の逆転を防止する必要がある。かかる逆転防止手段としては、各滑車部材２１ｂ，２２ｂとの連結部に設けられる各種ギアの組み合わせ等からなる減速機構（図示せず）のギア比を調整するなどして、該減速機構に担わせることも可能であるが、その場合には、滑車部材２１ｂ，２２ｂを回転させる操作力との兼ね合いが問題となる。従って、逆転防止手段は、減速機構に担わせるのではなく、別途の機構として設けることが好ましく、本実施形態では、図６に示した逆転防止手段を採用している。
【００２３】
この逆転防止手段は、一方の巻き取り軸２１の端部及び滑車部材２１ｂの減速機構との間に配設した連結軸１５の周囲に固定される外面角形の角形管部材１６と、該角形管部材１６に嵌合可能な角部を内周面に備えたジョイント管１７と、該ジョイント管１７に連結された係合パイプ１７ａとを備えて構成されている。すなわち、温室用換気フィルム１０の開閉動作時には、係合パイプ１７ａを操作してジョイント管１７を角形管部材１６から離脱させておき、停止時においては、係合パイプ１７ａを任意の角度となるように上下に回動させた上で、ジョイント管１７を角形管部材１６に嵌合させ、該係合パイプ１７ａの端部等を任意の不動部に係止する構成である。これにより、減速機構に負荷をかけることなく、一方の巻き取り軸２１の逆転を防止できる。
【００２４】
また、ジョイント管１７の角形管部材１６に対する離接操作を容易にするため、一方の巻き取り軸２１には固定環１８を設けておき、該固定環１８とジョイント管１７との間に、ジョイント管１７を常態において固定環１８から離接する方向に付勢するコイルスプリング１８ａ等の付勢手段を設けておくことが好ましい。そして、該固定環１８とジョイント管１７との間には両者を連結するリンク部材１９を設けると共に、このリンク部材１９を構成する各リンクの接続部に連結される線材１９ａと、該線材１９ａを引っ張ったり緩めたりする操作レバー１９ｂを上記係合パイプ１７ａに付設する。これにより、操作レバー１９ｂを一方に回動させた場合には、線材１９ａが緩み、コイルスプリング１８ａの弾性力によって、ジョイント管１７が角形管部材１６に接近していき嵌合する。一方、操作レバー１９ｃを他方に回動させた場合には、線材１９ｂが引っ張られ、リンク部材１９の各リンクの接続部が手前に突出するため、ジョイント管１７がコイルスプリング１８の弾性力に抗して、固定環１８に接近する方向にスライドし、角形管部材１６の外周から離脱する。
なお、このような逆転防止手段は、各巻き取り軸２１，２２の各端部付近のうちのいずれか少なくとも１カ所に設ければよい。
【００２５】
図７は、本発明の他の実施形態を示す概念図であり、本実施形態においては、上記した密閉用フィルム部１１と換気用孔部形成部としてのネット状部材１２とを備えた温室用換気フィルム１０を２つ使用し、そのそれぞれに、一対の巻き取り軸２１，２２を有する開閉装置２０を配設している。すなわち、本実施形態においては、温室１００の頂部を境として、その両側に２つの温室用換気フィルム１０を配設しており、いずれも、頂部寄りに密閉用フィルム部１１が位置するように設けている。温室１００の頂部に沿って配設した固定部材３０に対し、左右の密閉用フィルム部１１，１１の端部１１ｂ，１１ｂを固定し、左右のネット状部材１２，１２の端部１２ｂ，１２ｂは、温室１００の各側部の下端付近に配設した固定部材３０，３０に対して固定している。そして、各温室用換気フィルム１０ごとに一対の巻き取り軸２１，２２を配設している。
【００２６】
従って、本実施形態によれば、左右いずれかに配置された一対の巻き取り軸２１，２２のいずれかを駆動させることにより、左右いずれかに配置された温室用換気フィルム１０の密閉用フィルム部１１及びネット状部材１２のいずれかが展開され、温室１００の右半分又は左半分の開口部を任意に開閉できる。従って、例えば、右側に配置された他方の巻き取り軸２２により右側の温室用換気フィルム１０のネット状部材１２を巻き取り、左側に配置された他方の巻き取り軸２２により左側の温室用換気フィルム１０のネット状部材１２を巻き取ることにより、温室１００を全閉できる。また、右側に配置された一方の巻き取り軸２１により右側の温室用換気フィルム１０の密閉用フィルム部１１を巻き取り、左側に配置された一方の巻き取り軸２１により左側の温室用換気フィルム１０の密閉用フィルム部１１を巻き取ることにより、温室１００の右半分及び左半分のいずれもネット状部材１２で覆われた、全面開放状態とすることもできる。この場合、全面開放状態となっても、ネット状部材１２で覆われているため、該ネット状部材１２により上記の防虫・防鳥機能、遮光・遮熱機能を発揮させることができる。
【００２７】
なお、温室用換気フィルム１０の大きさ、すなわち、該温室用換気フィルム１０によって被覆される温室１００の開口部１１０の大きさは任意であり、例えば、温室１００を全面開放可能な構成とするに当たって、上記実施形態では、温室用換気フィルム１０及び開閉装置２０を２組ずつ用いているが、温室１００の天井部及び各側面部を１枚で被覆可能な大きさの温室用換気フィルム１０を用い、温室用換気フィルム１０及び開閉装置２０を１組用いるだけで全面開放可能な構成とすることもできる。また、温室用換気フィルム１０及び開閉装置２０を３組以上用いることも可能である。もちろん、温室用換気フィルム１０の大きさが大きくなるほど、開閉に要する時間が長くなるので、適宜に、例えば、図７に示したように２つに分割した構成とすることが好ましく、また、それにより、必要な箇所のみ任意にかつ迅速に開閉できるという利点も有する。
【００２８】
図８は、本発明の他の実施形態に係る温室用換気フィルム２００を示す図である。この温室用換気フィルム２００は、換気用孔部形成部として、上記実施形態のネット状部材１２に代えて複数の紐状部材２２０を用いている。各紐状部材２２０は、密閉用フィルム部２１０との隣接方向にのび、該隣接方向に対して略直交する方向に所定間隔ごとに設けられ、各紐状部材２２０間の隙間が換気用孔部２２０ｄとなる。密閉用フィルム部２１０と各紐状部材２２０とを一体化する手段は限定されるものではないが、例えば、隣接部２１０ａ，２２０ａ同士を一部重ね合わせて、溶着、接着等により一体化することができる。また、各紐状部材２２０における隣接部２２０ａと反対側の端部２２０ｂは、直接、温室１００の換気用の開口部１１０を形成する固定張り１２０（図２参照）との間で、隙間が生じないように設けることもできるが、配設作業を容易化するため、図８に示したように、各紐状部材２２０の端部２２０ｂ間を連結する所定幅のフィルム部２２０ｃを設けることが好ましい。このフィルム部２２０ｃとして、密閉用フィルム部２１０と同様の換気用孔部を有さないものを用いれば、上記実施形態と同様に、他方の巻き取り軸２２によって、各紐状部材２２０が巻き取られた際における隙間を防止できる。
【００２９】
本実施形態においても、図示しないが、一方の巻き取り軸２１が密閉用フィルム部２１０の略中央部に配置され、他方の巻き取り軸２２が換気用孔部形成部を構成する複数の紐状部材２２０の略中央部に配置される。これにより、一方の巻き取り軸２１によって密閉用フィルム部２１０が巻き取られると、複数の紐状部材２２０が温室１００の換気用の開口部１１０（図２参照）上を覆い換気状態（開放状態）となる。この際、本実施形態では、換気用孔部２２０ｄが紐状部材２２０間の隙間により形成されるため、上記実施形態のネット状部材１２の換気用孔部１２ｄと比較すると、本実施形態の換気用孔部２２０ｄの方が一般的には大きくなる。従って、遮熱・遮光機能、防虫・防鳥機能の点では上記実施形態のネット状部材１２より劣る可能性があるものの、換気機能は十分果たすことができる。もちろん、各紐状部材２２０間の間隔を適宜に設定することにより、遮熱・遮光機能、防虫・防鳥機能を高めることも可能である。また、各紐状部材２２０としては、所定の強度を有するものであれば、糸状のもの、ベルト状のもの等種々のものを用いることができ、これらの幅を適宜に設定することによっても、換気機能はもとより、遮熱・遮光機能、防虫・防鳥機能を調整することができる。
【００３０】
さらに、各紐状部材２２０を、図８に示したように、密閉用フィルム部２１０との隣接方向に沿って配設するだけでなく、縦横に配設することも可能であるが、紐状部材を縦横に配置した場合には結局ネット状になるため、かかる態様は、本明細書においては、上記実施形態のネット状部材１２に含まれるものとする。また、図８に示したような紐状部材２２０を、例えば、密閉用フィルム部２１０との隣接方向に沿って半分の長さだけとし、残りの半分の長さに相当する部分にネット状部材１２を配設して、両者を組み合わせて用いることもできる。
【００３１】
図９及び図１０は、本発明の他の実施形態に係る温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置を説明するための図である。この図に示したように、本実施形態では、密閉用フィルム部３１０と、換気用孔部を備えた換気用孔部形成部としてのネット状部材３２０とが上記各実施形態のように一体化されておらず、それぞれ別々に形成された温室用換気フィルム３００を用いている。そして、密閉用フィルム部３１０とネット状部材３２０の各隣接部３１０ｂ，３２０ｂを一方の巻き取り軸２１に一緒に巻き付け、一方向に回転することにより、該一方の巻き取り軸２１の両脇付近に位置する密閉用フィルム部３１０とネット状部材３２０のＢ領域とを一緒に巻き取り、他方向に回転することにより、両者を共に巻き戻していく構成である。
【００３２】
より詳細には、図９及び１０（ａ）に示したように、一方の巻き取り軸２１のほかに、上記各実施形態と同様に他方の巻き取り軸２２を有しており、他方の巻き取り軸２２は、ネット状部材３２０を展開した際における略中央部に配置されている。かかる状態で、図１０（ｂ）に示したように、一方の巻き取り軸２１を一方向に回転させて上記のように該一方の巻き取り軸２１の両脇付近に位置する密閉用フィルム部３１０とネット状部材３２０のＢ領域とを一緒に巻き取っていくと、他方の巻き取り軸２２はネット状部材３２０を巻き取ることなく、一方の巻き取り軸２１（図の右方）に引き寄せられていく。このように、一方の巻き取り軸２１に他方の巻き取り軸２２が接近した状態で、温室１００の換気用の開口部１１０（図２参照）に各端部３１０ａ，３２０ａを固定して取り付ける。
【００３３】
他方の巻き取り軸２２が一方の巻き取り軸２１側に引き寄せられて接近した状態では、他方の巻き取り軸２２を境としたネット状部材３２０の端部３２０ａ側のＡ領域が換気用の開口部１１０を覆った開放状態となっている。かかる状態で、他方の巻き取り軸２２を他方向に回転させると、図１０（ｃ）に示したように、他方の巻き取り軸２２が、ネット状部材３２０のＡ領域とＢ領域を共に巻き取っていき、図の左方に移動し、密閉用フィルム部３１０が展開されていく。従って、ネット状部材３２０のＢ領域は、一方の巻き取り軸２１から巻き戻されると共に、他方の巻き取り軸２２に巻き取られていく。このため、一方の巻き取り軸２１は、密閉用フィルム部３１０を巻き戻しながら、他方の巻き取り軸２２と共に図の左方に移動していく。これにより、温室の換気用の開口部１１０が閉鎖状態となる。以降、上記動作を繰り返し、一方の巻き取り軸２１の一方向への回転によって、密閉用フィルム部３１０とネット状部材３２０のＢ領域とを巻き取って、ネット状部材３２０のＡ領域を他方の巻き取り軸２２から巻き戻し、他方の巻き取り軸２２の他方向への回転によって、ネット状部材３２０のＡ領域及びＢ領域を一緒に巻き取って、一方の巻き取り軸２１から密閉用フィルム部３１０を巻き戻す。
【００３４】
本実施形態では、このように、一方の巻き取り軸２１が、密閉用フィルム部３１０の略中央部ではなく、密閉用フィルム部３１０とネット状部材３２０のＢ領域とを共に巻き取り可能な位置に設けられ、一方の巻き取り軸２１にネット状部材３２０のＢ領域を巻き取った状態で、ネット状部材３２０のＡ領域が展開される必要があるため、図９及び図１０（ａ）に示したように、ネット状部材３２０は、密閉用フィルム部３１０との隣接方向に沿った長さとして、密閉用フィルム部３１０の略２倍の長さを有する必要がある。
【００３５】
なお、図１０（ｃ）に示したように、密閉用フィルム部３１０を巻き戻した状態では、ネット状部材３２０が固定張り１２０に隣接しており、ネット状部材３２０の換気用孔部が閉塞されていない部分が生じる。従って、かかる不都合を解消するため、図１０（ｃ）に示したＤ領域には、固定張り１２０に連続して、換気用孔部閉鎖用の固定張り（図示せず）を配設することが好ましい。もちろん、上記実施形態のようにネット状部材３２０の端部付近に密閉用フィルム部３１０と同様の素材からなるフィルム部を設けると共に、一方の巻き取り軸２１が図の左方に移動した際には、他方の巻き取り軸２２に密接し、両者間に隙間が生じないように調整することもでき、これにより、換気用孔部閉鎖用の固定張りを不要とすることもできる。
【００３６】
また、図９及び図１０においては、ネット状部材３２０の長さを密閉用フィルム部３１０の略２倍に設定しているが、図１１に示したように、密閉用フィルム部３１０の長さをネット状部材３２０の長さの略２倍に設定することもできる。この場合には、一方の巻き取り軸２１を密閉用フィルム部３１０とネット状部材３２０との隣接部に配置して両者を一緒に支持し、他方の巻き取り軸２２を密閉用フィルム部３１０の略中央部に配置する。かかる構成によっても、上記と同様に、温室の換気用の開口部１１０を開閉することができる。
【００３７】
なお、図９〜図１１に示した実施形態においても、図８に示した実施形態と同様に、換気用孔部形成部として、ネット状部材に代えて、複数の紐状部材を用いることもできるし、ネット状部材と複数の紐状部材との組み合わせからなるものを用いることもできる。また、図９〜図１１に示した実施形態では、密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部としてのネット状部材とを予め一体化することなくそれぞれ別々に形成し、一方の巻き取り軸２１に両者を一緒に固定して用いているが、密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部とを予め一体化したものを用い、一方の巻き取り軸２１及び他方の巻き取り軸２２を図９〜図１１に示した実施形態と同様の位置に配置して用いることもできる。
【００３８】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、温室用換気フィルムとして、密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部を備えた換気用孔部形成部との組み合わせからなるものを用い、これを、巻き取り軸に対して、密閉用フィルム部と換気用孔部形成部との隣接方向に巻き取らせる構成である。従って、本発明によれば、換気用孔部形成部を全て巻き取ることにより、換気用孔部形成部に形成された全ての換気用孔部を閉塞できるため、従来のように、ひさし状の板状部材などを設ける必要がない。また、巻き取り軸の駆動負荷を従来よりも軽減することができる。また、ひさし状の板状部材などを設ける必要がないため、温室の骨組み材に蛇行が生じていたとしても、換気用の開口部を確実に密閉することができる。また、換気用の開口部の開放時には、該開口部が換気用孔部を備えた換気用孔部形成部で覆われるため、それにより、別途の部材を用いることなく、防虫・防鳥対策を施すことができ、また、所定の遮光・遮熱機能も発揮させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は、本発明の一の実施形態にかかる温室用換気フィルムを示す平面図である。
【図２】図２は、本発明の一の実施形態にかかる温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置を示す概略斜視図である。
【図３】図３は、上記実施形態にかかる温室用換気フィルムにより、換気用の開口部が閉鎖されている状態を示す概念図であり、（ａ）は平面方向からみた概念図を、（ｂ）は正面方向から見た概念図をそれぞれ示す。
【図４】図４は、上記実施形態にかかる温室用換気フィルムの動作途中の状態を示す概念図であり、（ａ）は平面方向からみた概念図を、（ｂ）は正面方向から見た概念図をそれぞれ示す。
【図５】図５は、上記実施形態にかかる温室用換気フィルムにより、換気用の開口部が開放されている状態を示す概念図であり、（ａ）は平面方向からみた概念図を、（ｂ）は正面方向から見た概念図をそれぞれ示す。
【図６】図６は、上記実施形態で用いた逆転防止手段の構造を説明するための図である。
【図７】図７は、本発明の温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置を用いた温室の他の実施形態を示す図である。
【図８】図８は、本発明の他の実施形態にかかる温室用換気フィルムを示す平面図である。
【図９】図９は、本発明の他の実施形態にかかる温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置を説明するための図である。
【図１０】図１０は、図９に示した実施形態の動作を説明するための図である。
【図１１】図１１は、本発明の他の実施形態にかかる温室用換気フィルムの開閉装置の他の態様を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１０，２００，３００温室用換気フィルム
１１，２１０，３１０密閉用フィルム部
１２，３２０ネット状部材
１２ｃフィルム部
１２ｄ，２２０ｄ換気用孔部
２２０紐状部材
２０開閉装置
２１一方の巻き取り軸
２２他方の巻き取り軸
３０固定部材
１００温室
１１０換気用の開口部[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present inventionOpening and closing device for greenhouse ventilation filmAbout.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a plastic film such as a vinyl film, a polyolefin film, or a fluorine film is used as a jacket for a greenhouse. Such a plastic film is supported by a framework material of a greenhouse and is provided with a predetermined tension in order to minimize fluttering caused by being blown by wind or the like. On the other hand, since it is necessary to ventilate the greenhouse, an opening for ventilation is formed on the side surface of the greenhouse. Then, a plastic film as a ventilation member is disposed so as to cover the opening, and the plastic film is wound around a winding shaft so that the opening can be opened and ventilated. It can be blocked.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, when ventilating the greenhouse, it is necessary to provide a plastic film (ventilation film) as a ventilation member that can be wound and unwound on the winding shaft. For this reason, when an opening part is closed with a ventilation film, the clearance gap between the plastic film (fixed tension) fixedly arrange | positioned located around an opening part becomes a problem. As a means for eliminating such a gap, it is conceivable that a plate-like member is projected in an eave-like shape at the front end of the ventilation film that opens and closes, and when the plate-like member is closed, this plate-like member overlaps the fixing tension. However, when such a plate-like member is provided, it becomes a load when the winding shaft is rotationally driven. As described above, the opening for ventilation is usually formed in the side part of the greenhouse, but in order to improve the ventilation efficiency of the greenhouse, the opening for ventilation is formed in the ceiling of the greenhouse. It is desirable to do. However, when it is formed on the ceiling, it is necessary to reliably prevent the intrusion of raindrops. Therefore, the eave-like plate-shaped member has a structure that can be sealed more reliably than the case where it is formed on the side surface. A thing is needed, and the drive load of a winding shaft becomes still larger.
[0004]
In addition, the frame material that forms the greenhouse consists of a lightweight pipe material, but the plastic film that forms the outer sheath is stretched with a predetermined tension, so that the frame material meanders in the longitudinal or vertical direction during construction. May occur. In this case, even if the eaves made of a plate-like member are used, there is a problem in terms of airtightness because a gap is partially generated.
[0005]
On the other hand, depending on the crop, it is necessary to prevent damage caused by pests and birds, but in such a case, conventionally, an insect and bird net is provided inside the ventilation opening separately from the ventilation film described above. There was a need. For this reason, there has been a problem that the equipment cost is increased and the installation work is troublesome.
[0006]
  The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and by eliminating the need for a sealing plate-like member that protrudes in an eave shape, the driving load of the take-up shaft can be reduced, and the framework material of the greenhouse has meandering. Even if it occurs, it does not impair the sealing of the opening for ventilation, and it also has an insect and bird protection function and does not require a dedicated insect and bird net that is separate from the components required for ventilation. Can beGreenhouse ventilation filmIt is an object of the present invention to provide an open / close device.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to solve the above-described problem, in the present invention described in claim 1,A greenhouse ventilation film for opening and closing an opening for greenhouse ventilation by a greenhouse ventilation film in which a sealing film portion and a ventilation hole forming portion having a ventilation hole portion are integrally formed adjacent to each other. A switchgear,
  The end of the sealing film part and the end of the ventilation hole forming part are respectively fixed and arranged.,
  in frontThe longitudinal direction is along a direction substantially orthogonal to the adjacent direction of the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part, and a predetermined interval is provided in the adjacent direction of the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part. A pair of winding shafts provided at a
  One winding shaft is located in the vicinity of the middle between the end of the sealing film part and the adjacent part of the ventilation hole forming part when unfolding the sealing film part, While rotating and moving, the sealing film part is provided so that it can be wound or unwound from the middle part thereof,
  The other winding shaft is positioned in the vicinity of the middle between the end portion of the ventilation hole forming portion and the adjacent portion of the sealing film portion when unfolding the ventilation hole forming portion. And while rotating and moving, the ventilation hole forming part is provided so that it can be wound or unwound from the middle part thereof,
  While winding the sealing film portion around the one winding shaft, when the one winding shaft moves toward the end of the sealing film portion, the ventilation hole forming portion from the other winding shaft Is unwound, the opening for ventilation is opened, and the other winding shaft is wound around the end of the ventilation hole forming portion while the ventilation hole forming portion is wound around the other winding shaft. The opening and closing device for a greenhouse ventilation film characterized by having a structure in which the sealing film portion is rewound from one winding shaft and the ventilation opening is closed as it moves in the direction of the portion. I will provide a.
  In the present invention described in claim 2,A greenhouse that opens and closes an opening for ventilation of a greenhouse by a greenhouse ventilation film in which a sealing film part and a ventilation hole forming part having a ventilation hole part are formed adjacently or integrally with each other. A ventilating film opening and closing device,
  In the greenhouse ventilation film, one of the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part has a length approximately twice as long as the other,
  The longitudinal direction is along a direction substantially orthogonal to the adjacent direction of the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part, and a predetermined interval is provided in the adjacent direction of the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part. A pair of winding shafts provided at a
  On one winding shaft, the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part are wound together around the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part, and the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part are rotated and moved. Can be taken up or rewound together,
  The other winding shaft is positioned in the vicinity of the middle between the one end portion and the adjacent portion of the sealing film portion and the ventilation hole forming portion that are long in the deployed state and rotates. While moving, it is provided so that it can be wound or unwound from its midway,
  A state in which the sealing film portion and the ventilation hole forming portion are wound up to the maximum from the adjacent portions by the one winding shaft, or the sealing film portion and the ventilation by the other winding shaft. Among the hole forming portions, the long one in the unfolded state is wound up to the maximum from the midway portion, and the opposite side of the adjacent portion between the sealing film portion and the ventilation hole forming portion Each end located at is fixed,
  When the one winding shaft is rotated in the winding direction from the unwinding state, the expanded film portion and the ventilation hole forming portion that are wound by the other winding shaft are expanded. The long film is rewound, and when the other winding shaft is rotated in the winding direction from the unwinding state, the sealing film portion wound by the one winding shaft, Provided is a greenhouse ventilation film opening and closing device characterized in that, among the ventilation hole forming portions, a short-length one is rewound in a deployed state.
  In the present invention described in claim 3,The ventilation hole forming part is adjacent to the sealing film part The open / close device for a greenhouse ventilation film according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a film portion having a predetermined width that does not have a ventilation hole at an end located on the opposite side of the portion.
  In this invention of Claim 4, the saidA plurality of string-like members provided at predetermined intervals in a direction substantially perpendicular to the direction adjacent to the net-like member and the sealing film part, or the net-like member and the plurality of strings. It is composed of a combination with a memberIn any one of Claims 1-3An opening and closing device for the greenhouse ventilation film as described.
  In the present invention described in claim 5,Each of the winding shafts is provided with a braking mechanism that exhibits a predetermined braking force when the sealing film portion or the ventilation hole forming portion is rewound from each winding shaft. ToClaims 1-4A greenhouse ventilation film opening / closing device according to any one of the above.
  In the present invention described in claim 6,A reverse rotation prevention means for preventing reverse rotation of each winding shaft is provided.Claims 1-5A greenhouse ventilation film opening / closing device according to any one of the above.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a greenhouse ventilation film 10 according to one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, the greenhouse ventilation film 10 is provided with a sealing film portion 11 and a net-like member 12 as a ventilation hole forming portion adjacent to each other in one direction. The sealing film portion 11 does not have a hole through which raindrops or air can pass on the front and back, and has a film as it is conventionally used as an outer cover of a greenhouse such as a vinyl house. Further, it is formed in a mesh shape having a large number of ventilation holes 12d. As long as the hole 12d for ventilation formed in the net-like member 12 can mainly play a role of ventilation, its hole diameter is not limited, but it is desirable to have both insect and bird protection functions. It is preferable that the hole diameter is such that no bird or bird can pass through. The hole shape of the ventilation hole 12d is not limited, and may be a circle, an ellipse, or a rectangle, or may be a long hole or a slit.
[0009]
The sealing film portion 11 and the net-like member 12 may be formed in advance separately, and the adjacent portions 11a and 12a may be partially overlapped and integrated by welding, bonding, or the like. Using a single plastic film, a ventilation hole can be formed in the left half of FIG. 1, the left half can be a net-like member 12, and the right half can be a sealing film 11.
[0010]
The greenhouse ventilation film 10 described above is wound up or rewound by the opening / closing device 20 in the adjacent direction (see FIG. 1) of the sealing film portion 11 and the net-like member 12 with respect to the greenhouse 100. 100 ventilation openings 110 are provided to be openable and closable. For example, as shown in FIG. 2, when the opening 110 for ventilation is formed near the ceiling of the greenhouse 100, a fixing tension 120 made of a plastic film is provided in a portion excluding the opening 110, The opening 110 is disposed between the fixing tensions 120 so that the opening 110 can be opened and closed. That is, the greenhouse 100 is formed so that no gap is generated between the end portions 11b and 12b (ends opposite to the adjacent portions 11a and 12a) of the greenhouse ventilation film 10 of the present embodiment and the fixing tension 120. Are fixed by fixing members 30 provided along the depth direction, and the sealing film portion 11 is wound up by the opening / closing device 20 between the end portions 11b and 12b, whereby the net-like member 12 is developed. Then, the ventilation state (opening state of the opening 110) is entered, and the net-like member 12 is wound up, so that the sealing film part 11 is developed, and the inside of the greenhouse 100 can be sealed (the opening 110 is closed). It is provided as follows.
[0011]
However, as shown in FIG. 1, the net-like member 12 is not formed with a ventilation hole in the vicinity of the end portion 12 b, and has a film portion 12 c having a predetermined width similar to the sealing film portion 11. It is preferable to have. When the net-like member 12 is all taken up by the other take-up shaft 22 to be described later and the take-up shaft 22 comes into close contact with the fixing member 30, the take-up shaft 22 penetrates raindrops or the like into the interior. However, when the winding stop position of the winding shaft 22 is set to a position having a slight margin with respect to the fixing member 30, the operation near the winding stop position of the winding shaft 22 is performed. Become smooth. Therefore, even when the winding stop position of the winding shaft 22 is slightly spaced from the fixing member 30, a portion having a predetermined width from the end 12b of the net-like member 12 is provided for ventilation so that raindrops and the like do not enter. It is preferable that the film portion 12c does not have a hole. In addition, this film part 12c may be formed integrally with the net-like member 12 by welding, bonding or the like, or by limiting the position where the ventilation hole 12d is formed, It may be formed.
[0012]
Further, the structure of the fixing member 30 for fixing the vicinity of the end portions 11b and 12b is arbitrary. For example, after the end portions 11b and 12b are wound around the peripheral surface of the pipe material using the pipe material, the outer surface thereof A substantially semi-tubular elastic member can be fitted and fixed, or after inserting the vicinity of each end 11b, 12b into a long member having a recess along the longitudinal direction, A spring member or the like can be loaded to the end, and the vicinity of each end 11b, 12b can be pressed into the recess and fixed.
[0013]
The opening / closing device 20 of the present embodiment that winds or rewinds the greenhouse ventilation film 10 described above includes a pair of winding shafts 21 and 22. In any case, the longitudinal direction is substantially perpendicular to the adjacent direction of the sealing film portion 11 and the net-like member 12 constituting the greenhouse ventilation film 10, that is, in FIG. It is provided along. One winding shaft 21 mainly performs winding / rewinding of the sealing film portion 11, and the other winding shaft 22 can mainly perform winding / rewinding of the net-like member 12. Arranged at a predetermined interval. Note that “mainly” means that depending on the position of each winding shaft 21, 22, one winding shaft 21 is not only winding and rewinding the sealing film portion 11, but also a sealing film. In addition to the part 11, it is meant to include the case where part of the net-like member 12 is taken up and rewinded, and the other take-up shaft 22 takes up and rewinds only the net-like member 12. In addition to the case, in addition to the net-like member 12, it also includes the case where a part of the sealing film portion 11 is taken up and rewound.
[0014]
One winding shaft 21 is provided in the middle of the adjacent portion 11a of the sealing film portion 11 with the net-like member 12 and the end portion 11b on the opposite side, preferably in the vicinity of the middle (FIG. 3 (a). )reference). Similarly, the other winding shaft 22 is provided in the middle of the adjacent portion 12a of the net-like member 12 with the sealing film portion 11 and the opposite end portion 12b, preferably in the vicinity of the middle (FIG. 5 ( a)). As a result, when one winding shaft 21 rotates in one direction (X direction in FIG. 2), portions of the sealing film portion 11 located on both sides of the one winding shaft 21 are together. In the case of rotating in the other direction (Y direction in FIG. 2), the parts located on both sides of one winding shaft 21 are rewound together. Further, when the other winding shaft 22 rotates in the other direction (Y direction in FIG. 2), the portions of the net-like member 12 that are located on both sides of the other winding shaft 22 are joined together. When being wound and rotated in one direction (X direction in FIG. 2), the portions located on both sides of the other winding shaft 22 are rewound together.
[0015]
It is preferable that the one winding shaft 21 and the other winding shaft 22 are both supported with their longitudinal ends connected to the braking mechanisms 21a and 22a. The braking mechanisms 21a and 22a are provided to give a predetermined tension to the greenhouse ventilation film 10 of the present embodiment and prevent fluttering, and have any structure as long as they perform such a function. Also good. For example, a rotary damper filled with a viscous liquid around the bearing portions of the take-up shafts 21 and 22 or a shock absorber using the elastic force of a spring or rubber can be used. Further, in the present embodiment, by rotating one winding shaft 21 in the X direction, the sealing film portion 11 is wound, the net-like member 12 is rewound from the other winding shaft 22, and the other is expanded. By rotating the take-up shaft 22 in the Y direction, the net-like member 12 is taken up, and the sealing film portion 11 is unwound from one take-up shaft 21 and deployed.
[0016]
Therefore, the braking mechanism 21a provided on one winding shaft 21 is interposed with a one-way clutch that does not function as a braking force when rotating in the X direction and functions only when rotated in the Y direction. The braking mechanism 22a provided on the other winding shaft 22 preferably includes a one-way clutch that does not function as a braking force when rotating in the Y direction and functions as a braking force only when rotating in the X direction. . Thus, when one winding shaft 21 is rotated in the X direction, the other winding shaft 22 is also rotated in the X direction, so that the braking mechanism 22a connected to the other winding shaft 22 is controlled. When the power functions and the other winding shaft 22 is rotated in the Y direction, one winding shaft 21 is also rotated in the Y direction, so that the braking mechanism 21a connected to the one winding shaft 21 is provided. The braking force functions.
[0017]
In this embodiment, the drive mechanism for rotating the one take-up shaft 21 and the other take-up shaft 22 is endlessly connected to the pulley members 21b and 22b connected to the ends and the pulley members 21b and 22b. The chain 21c and 22c are wound around. That is, by pulling down the chains 21c and 22c in an arbitrary direction, the pulley members 21b and 22b are rotated in the X direction or the Y direction, and the one winding shaft 21 or the other winding shaft 22 is rotationally driven. It is. Of course, this is only an example, and a belt member can be used instead of the chain, and a drive transmission shaft (not shown) is connected to one winding shaft 21 or the other winding shaft 22, It is also possible to employ a structure in which the operation handle is further connected and driven. Moreover, it can also be set as the electric type which used the motor instead of manual operation. However, in either case, the position of the one winding shaft 21 and the other winding shaft 22 changes with the winding or rewinding of the greenhouse ventilation film 10, so that the pulleys as in this embodiment are used. It is necessary to provide a mechanism that can transmit a driving force following a change in the position of each winding shaft 21, 22, such as a configuration in which the members 21 b, 22 b move together with the respective winding shafts 21, 22.
[0018]
Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, it is assumed that the sealing film portion 11 constituting the greenhouse ventilation film 10 is unwound and unfolded from one winding shaft 21 and closes the opening 110. From this state, when opening the opening 110, the chain 21c is operated to rotate one winding shaft 21 in the X direction. As a result, as shown in FIG. 4, the sealing film portion 11 is wound around one winding shaft 21 from the middle portion thereof, and the net-like member 12 is pulled out from the other winding shaft 21. . Further, when the chain 21c is operated to rotate one winding shaft 21 in the X direction, as shown in FIG. 5, the net-like member 12 is entirely wound around the one winding shaft 21, and the net The member 12 is developed, and the opening 110 is covered with the net member 12. Thereby, it will be in the ventilation state (opening state of the opening part 110) in which ventilation is made through the ventilation hole 12d of the net-like member 12. When one winding shaft 21 is rotated in the X direction, the braking force of the braking mechanism 22a connected to the other winding shaft 22 functions by rotating the other winding shaft 22 in the X direction. Therefore, the net-like member 12 is rewound in a state where a predetermined tension is applied, and fluttering during expansion is suppressed. In addition, the sealing film portion 11 is wound together on both sides of one winding shaft 21, and the net-like member 12 is positioned on both sides of the other winding shaft 22. The parts to do are rewound together. Therefore, the winding operation of the sealing film portion 11 and the rewinding operation of the net-like member 12 are performed quickly. For this reason, the heat collected in the vicinity of the ceiling, which is the highest temperature area in the greenhouse, can be quickly discharged to the outside, and the ventilation function with excellent responsiveness can be exhibited.
[0019]
In this way, when the opening 110 is covered with the net-like member 12 (when the opening 110 is in an open state), the greenhouse 100 is ventilated through the ventilation hole 12d and the ventilation state (opening) Despite being in the open state of the section 110, invading pests and birds into the greenhouse 100 is prevented. Therefore, when the greenhouse ventilation film 10 of the present embodiment is used, it is possible to exhibit the insect-proofing / bird-proofing function simultaneously with the ventilation, and it is not necessary to provide a separate insect-proofing / bird-proofing net. Conventionally, during ventilation, the entire surface of the opening 110 is opened, and thus heat shielding and light shielding cannot be performed. However, according to the present embodiment, the net-like member 12 has a mesh shape. A predetermined heat shielding / light shielding function can be exhibited. In addition, the heat shielding / shading ability can be variously adjusted by selecting the size and shape of the ventilation hole or the material of the net-like member 12.
[0020]
When closing the greenhouse ventilation film 10 from the open state of the opening 110, the chain 22c is operated to rotate the other winding shaft 22 in the Y direction. As a result, the net-like member 12 is wound around the other winding shaft 22, and at the same time, the sealing film portion 11 is rewound from the one winding shaft 21. Then, contrary to the above, when the sealing film part 11 is completely rewound through the state shown in FIG. 4, the opening part 110 is covered with the sealing film part 11 as shown in FIG. It becomes a state. Also in this case, since the braking force of the braking mechanism 21a of the one winding shaft 21 functions while the other winding shaft 22 is rotating in the Y direction, the net-like member 12 is wound and the sealing film portion 11 is removed. Fluttering during expansion can be suppressed. Further, since the net-like member 12 is wound around the other winding shaft 22 from the middle portion, and the sealing film portion 11 is rewound to both sides across the one winding shaft 21, the net-like member The winding operation of 12 and the rewinding operation of the film part 11 for sealing are performed rapidly, and it is excellent in the responsiveness with respect to a sudden rain.
[0021]
Further, in the state where the net-like member 12 is completely wound on the other winding shaft 22, the space between the other winding shaft 22 and the one winding shaft 21 is entirely covered by the sealing film portion 11, There is no gap. Further, the space between the other winding shaft 22 and the fixing member 30 is covered with a film portion 12c as shown in FIG. The conventional ventilation film opens and closes the opening for ventilation by moving the movable end away from the fixed tension, so measures to prevent the gap between the movable end of the ventilation film and the fixed tension (For example, an eaves-like plate-like member) is essential, but according to the present embodiment, all the hole 12d for ventilation can be closed by winding up the net-like member 12, so that the take-up shaft There is no need to provide an eaves-like plate-like member between the cable and the fixing tension. Therefore, the driving load of the winding shafts 21 and 22 can be reduced as compared with the conventional case.
[0022]
Here, in the present embodiment, the winding shafts 21 and 22 are supported by the braking mechanisms 21a and 22a described above to prevent fluttering when the greenhouse ventilation film 10 is opened and closed. When the deployment of the portion 11 is completed (when the opening 110 is closed), when the deployment of the net-like member 12 is completed (when the opening 110 is opened), or when stopped in the middle of opening and closing, It is necessary to prevent reversal of at least one of 22. As such a reverse rotation prevention means, the reduction mechanism is caused to take charge by adjusting the gear ratio of a reduction mechanism (not shown) including a combination of various gears provided at the connecting portions with the pulley members 21b and 22b. However, in that case, there is a problem of balance with the operation force for rotating the pulley members 21b and 22b. Therefore, the reverse rotation prevention means is preferably provided as a separate mechanism rather than being assigned to the speed reduction mechanism. In this embodiment, the reverse rotation prevention means shown in FIG. 6 is employed.
[0023]
This reverse rotation preventing means includes an outer square prismatic tube member 16 fixed around the connecting shaft 15 disposed between the end of one winding shaft 21 and the speed reduction mechanism of the pulley member 21b, and the rectangular tube. The joint pipe 17 is provided with a corner portion that can be fitted to the member 16 on the inner peripheral surface, and the engagement pipe 17 a is connected to the joint pipe 17. That is, during the opening / closing operation of the greenhouse ventilation film 10, the engagement pipe 17a is operated to separate the joint pipe 17 from the rectangular pipe member 16, and when stopped, the engagement pipe 17a is at an arbitrary angle. Then, the joint pipe 17 is fitted to the rectangular pipe member 16, and the end of the engagement pipe 17a is locked to an arbitrary fixed part. Thereby, the reverse rotation of one winding shaft 21 can be prevented without applying a load to the speed reduction mechanism.
[0024]
Further, in order to facilitate the separation and connection operation of the joint pipe 17 with respect to the rectangular pipe member 16, one winding shaft 21 is provided with a fixed ring 18, and a joint is provided between the fixed ring 18 and the joint pipe 17. It is preferable to provide an urging means such as a coil spring 18 a that urges the tube 17 in a direction in which the tube 17 is normally separated from the fixed ring 18. A link member 19 is provided between the fixed ring 18 and the joint pipe 17 to connect the two, and a wire 19a connected to a connecting portion of each link constituting the link member 19, and the wire 19a. An operation lever 19b for pulling or loosening is attached to the engagement pipe 17a. Thereby, when the operation lever 19b is rotated to one side, the wire rod 19a is loosened, and the joint tube 17 approaches the square tube member 16 by the elastic force of the coil spring 18a. On the other hand, when the operation lever 19c is rotated to the other side, the wire 19b is pulled, and the connecting portion of each link of the link member 19 protrudes forward, so that the joint pipe 17 resists the elastic force of the coil spring 18. Then, it slides in a direction approaching the fixed ring 18 and is detached from the outer periphery of the rectangular tube member 16.
Such reverse rotation prevention means may be provided in at least one of the vicinity of each end of each winding shaft 21, 22.
[0025]
FIG. 7 is a conceptual diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the greenhouse is provided with the sealing film portion 11 and the net-like member 12 as a ventilation hole forming portion. Two ventilation films 10 are used, and an opening / closing device 20 having a pair of winding shafts 21 and 22 is provided for each of them. That is, in the present embodiment, two greenhouse ventilation films 10 are disposed on both sides of the greenhouse 100 as a boundary, and both are provided such that the sealing film portion 11 is located closer to the top. ing. The end portions 11b and 11b of the left and right sealing film portions 11 and 11 are fixed to the fixing member 30 disposed along the top of the greenhouse 100, and the end portions 12b and 12b of the left and right net-like members 12 and 12 are These are fixed to the fixing members 30, 30 arranged near the lower ends of the respective side portions of the greenhouse 100. A pair of winding shafts 21 and 22 are provided for each greenhouse ventilation film 10.
[0026]
Therefore, according to this embodiment, the film part for sealing of the ventilation film 10 for greenhouses arrange | positioned in either right or left by driving either of a pair of winding shafts 21 and 22 arrange | positioned in right or left either. 11 and the net-like member 12 are developed, and the opening of the right half or the left half of the greenhouse 100 can be arbitrarily opened and closed. Therefore, for example, the net-like member 12 of the right greenhouse ventilation film 10 is wound by the other winding shaft 22 arranged on the right side, and the left greenhouse ventilation film is taken by the other winding shaft 22 arranged on the left side. By winding up the ten net-like members 12, the greenhouse 100 can be fully closed. Also, the sealing film portion 11 of the right greenhouse ventilation film 10 is taken up by one winding shaft 21 arranged on the right side, and the left greenhouse ventilation film 10 is drawn by one winding shaft 21 arranged on the left side. By winding up the sealing film portion 11, it is possible to open the entire surface in which both the right half and the left half of the greenhouse 100 are covered with the net-like member 12. In this case, even when the entire surface is open, the net-like member 12 covers the insect-proof / bird-proof function and the light-shielding / heat-shielding function.
[0027]
The size of the greenhouse ventilation film 10, that is, the size of the opening 110 of the greenhouse 100 covered with the greenhouse ventilation film 10 is arbitrary. For example, when the greenhouse 100 is configured to be fully openable. In the above embodiment, two sets of the greenhouse ventilation film 10 and the opening / closing device 20 are used. However, the greenhouse ventilation film 10 having a size capable of covering the ceiling part and each side part of the greenhouse 100 with one sheet is used. Moreover, it can also be set as the structure which can be opened to the whole surface only by using the greenhouse ventilation film 10 and the switchgear 20 one set. Moreover, it is also possible to use 3 or more sets of the greenhouse ventilation film 10 and the switchgear 20. Of course, the larger the size of the greenhouse ventilation film 10 is, the longer the time required for opening and closing is. Therefore, for example, it is preferable that the structure is divided into two as shown in FIG. Thus, there is an advantage that only necessary portions can be opened and closed arbitrarily and quickly.
[0028]
FIG. 8 is a view showing a greenhouse ventilation film 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention. This greenhouse ventilation film 200 uses a plurality of string-like members 220 instead of the net-like member 12 of the above-described embodiment as ventilation hole forming portions. Each string-like member 220 extends in a direction adjacent to the sealing film portion 210 and is provided at predetermined intervals in a direction substantially orthogonal to the adjacent direction, and a gap between each string-like member 220 is a ventilation hole. 220d. The means for integrating the sealing film portion 210 and each string-like member 220 is not limited. For example, the adjacent portions 210a and 220a are partially overlapped and integrated by welding, bonding, or the like. Can do. Further, a gap is created between the end 220b opposite to the adjacent portion 220a in each string-like member 220 and the fixing tension 120 (see FIG. 2) directly forming the ventilation opening 110 of the greenhouse 100. However, in order to facilitate the arrangement work, it is preferable to provide a film portion 220c having a predetermined width for connecting the end portions 220b of the string-like members 220 as shown in FIG. . If the film part 220c does not have the ventilation hole part similar to the sealing film part 210, each of the string-like members 220 is taken up by the other take-up shaft 22 as in the above embodiment. It is possible to prevent a gap when it is applied.
[0029]
Also in this embodiment, although not shown in figure, the one winding shaft 21 is arrange | positioned in the approximate center part of the film part 210 for sealing, and the other winding shaft 22 is the some string shape which comprises the hole formation part for ventilation. The member 220 is disposed substantially at the center. Thereby, when the sealing film part 210 is wound up by the one winding shaft 21, the plurality of string-like members 220 cover the ventilation opening 110 (see FIG. 2) of the greenhouse 100 and are in a ventilation state (open state). ) At this time, in the present embodiment, the ventilation hole portion 220d is formed by the gap between the string-like members 220. Therefore, compared with the ventilation hole portion 12d of the net-like member 12 of the above embodiment, the ventilation hole of the present embodiment. Generally, the hole 220d is larger. Therefore, although there is a possibility that it is inferior to the net-like member 12 of the above-described embodiment in terms of heat shielding / shading function and insect-proofing / bird-proofing function, the ventilation function can be sufficiently achieved. Of course, it is also possible to enhance the heat-shielding / light-shielding function and the insect-proofing / bird-proofing function by appropriately setting the distance between the string-like members 220. Moreover, as each string-like member 220, various members such as a thread-like member and a belt-like member can be used as long as they have a predetermined strength, and by appropriately setting these widths, In addition to the ventilation function, it is possible to adjust the heat / light shielding function and the insect / bird-proofing function.
[0030]
Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 8, each string-like member 220 can be arranged not only along the direction adjacent to the sealing film portion 210 but also vertically and horizontally. When the members are arranged vertically and horizontally, they eventually become net-like, and this aspect is included in the net-like member 12 of the above embodiment in this specification. Further, the string-like member 220 as shown in FIG. 8 is, for example, only half the length in the direction adjacent to the sealing film portion 210, and the net-like member is formed in a portion corresponding to the remaining half length. 12 can be arranged and used in combination.
[0031]
9 and 10 are views for explaining a greenhouse ventilation film opening and closing device according to another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in this figure, in this embodiment, the sealing film portion 310 and the net-like member 320 as the ventilation hole forming portion provided with the ventilation hole portion are integrated as in the above embodiments. However, the greenhouse ventilation film 300 formed separately is used. Then, the adjacent portions 310b and 320b of the sealing film portion 310 and the net-like member 320 are wound together around one winding shaft 21 and rotated in one direction, thereby being near both sides of the one winding shaft 21 The film portion 310 for sealing and the region B of the net-like member 320 are wound together and rotated in the other direction, whereby both are rewound together.
[0032]
More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 (a), in addition to the one winding shaft 21, the other winding shaft 22 is provided in the same manner as in the above-described embodiments, and the other winding shaft is provided. The take-up shaft 22 is disposed at a substantially central portion when the net-like member 320 is developed. In this state, as shown in FIG. 10 (b), one winding shaft 21 is rotated in one direction, and the sealing film portion located near both sides of the one winding shaft 21 as described above. When 310 and the region B of the net-like member 320 are wound together, the other take-up shaft 22 draws to the one take-up shaft 21 (to the right in the figure) without winding the net-like member 320. It will be. In this manner, the end portions 310a and 320a are fixedly attached to the ventilation opening 110 (see FIG. 2) of the greenhouse 100 with the other winding shaft 22 approaching the one winding shaft 21.
[0033]
In a state in which the other winding shaft 22 is attracted and approached to one winding shaft 21, the A region on the end 320a side of the net-like member 320 with the other winding shaft 22 as a boundary is an opening for ventilation. The part 110 is open. In this state, when the other winding shaft 22 is rotated in the other direction, the other winding shaft 22 winds both the A region and the B region of the net-like member 320 as shown in FIG. Then, the film is moved to the left in the figure, and the sealing film portion 310 is developed. Accordingly, the area B of the net-like member 320 is rewound from one winding shaft 21 and is wound around the other winding shaft 22. For this reason, one winding shaft 21 moves to the left in the figure together with the other winding shaft 22 while rewinding the sealing film portion 310. Thereby, the opening part 110 for ventilation of a greenhouse will be in a closed state. Thereafter, the above operation is repeated, and the film portion 310 for sealing and the B region of the net-like member 320 are wound up by rotation in one direction of one take-up shaft 21, and the A region of the net-like member 320 is changed to the other region. By rewinding from the winding shaft 22 and rotating in the other direction of the other winding shaft 22, the A region and the B region of the net-like member 320 are wound together, and the sealing film portion is removed from the one winding shaft 21. Rewind 310.
[0034]
In the present embodiment, in this way, the position where one winding shaft 21 can wind up both the sealing film portion 310 and the B region of the net-like member 320, not the substantially central portion of the sealing film portion 310. 9 and FIG. 10 (a) because the A region of the net-like member 320 needs to be developed in a state where the B region of the net-like member 320 is wound around one winding shaft 21. As shown, the net-like member 320 needs to have a length approximately twice as long as that of the sealing film portion 310 as a length along the direction adjacent to the sealing film portion 310.
[0035]
As shown in FIG. 10C, when the sealing film portion 310 is rewound, the net-like member 320 is adjacent to the fixing tension 120, and the ventilation hole of the net-like member 320 is blocked. The part which is not done arises. Therefore, in order to eliminate such inconvenience, a fixing tension (not shown) for closing the ventilation hole portion may be provided continuously to the fixing tension 120 in the area D shown in FIG. preferable. Of course, when the film portion made of the same material as the sealing film portion 310 is provided in the vicinity of the end portion of the net-like member 320 as in the above embodiment, when one winding shaft 21 moves to the left in the figure. Can be adjusted so as to be in close contact with the other winding shaft 22 so that no gap is formed between them, thereby eliminating the need for a fixing tension for closing the ventilation hole.
[0036]
9 and 10, the length of the net-like member 320 is set to be approximately twice that of the sealing film portion 310, but as shown in FIG. 11, the length of the sealing film portion 310 is set. Can be set to approximately twice the length of the net-like member 320. In this case, one winding shaft 21 is disposed adjacent to the sealing film portion 310 and the net-like member 320 to support them together, and the other winding shaft 22 is attached to the sealing film portion 310. Arranged at approximately the center. Also with this configuration, the greenhouse opening 110 can be opened and closed in the same manner as described above.
[0037]
In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 to 11, as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of string-like members may be used as the ventilation hole forming portion instead of the net-like member. It is also possible to use a combination of a net-like member and a plurality of string-like members. Moreover, in embodiment shown in FIGS. 9-11, the film-form for sealing and the net-like member as a ventilation hole part formation part are formed separately, respectively, without integrating previously, and one winding shaft 21 is formed. Both are used together, but a film film for sealing and a hole forming part for ventilation are integrated in advance, and one winding shaft 21 and the other winding shaft 22 are shown in FIG. -It can also be arranged and used in the same position as the embodiment shown in FIG.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention uses as a greenhouse ventilation film a combination of a sealing film part and a ventilation hole forming part provided with a ventilation hole part, which is used as a sealing film with respect to a winding shaft. It is the structure made to wind up in the adjacent direction of a hole and the hole formation part for ventilation. Therefore, according to the present invention, since all the ventilation holes formed in the ventilation hole forming part can be closed by winding up all the ventilation hole forming parts, There is no need to provide a plate-like member. Moreover, the driving load of the winding shaft can be reduced as compared with the conventional case. Further, since there is no need to provide an eaves-like plate-like member or the like, the opening for ventilation can be reliably sealed even if meandering occurs in the frame material of the greenhouse. In addition, when the opening for ventilation is opened, the opening is covered with a ventilation hole forming portion having a ventilation hole, so that insect and bird protection measures can be taken without using a separate member. In addition, a predetermined light shielding / heat shielding function can be exhibited.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a greenhouse ventilation film according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view showing an opening and closing device for a greenhouse ventilation film according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which an opening for ventilation is closed by the greenhouse ventilation film according to the embodiment, and (a) is a conceptual diagram viewed from a plane direction. b) is a conceptual diagram viewed from the front.
FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing a state during the operation of the greenhouse ventilation film according to the embodiment, wherein (a) is a conceptual view seen from the plane direction, and (b) is seen from the front direction. A conceptual diagram is shown respectively.
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a state in which an opening for ventilation is opened by the greenhouse ventilation film according to the embodiment, and (a) is a conceptual diagram viewed from a plane direction; b) is a conceptual diagram viewed from the front.
FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the structure of the reverse rotation preventing means used in the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a view showing another embodiment of a greenhouse using the open / close device for a greenhouse ventilation film of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a plan view showing a greenhouse ventilation film according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a view for explaining an opening and closing device for a greenhouse ventilation film according to another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a diagram for explaining the operation of the embodiment shown in FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a view showing another aspect of the open / close device for a greenhouse ventilation film according to another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10, 200, 300 Greenhouse ventilation film
11, 210, 310 Film part for sealing
12,320 Net-like member
12c Film part
12d, 220d Ventilation holes
220 String member
20 Switchgear
21 One winding shaft
22 The other winding shaft
30 Fixing member
100 greenhouse
110 Ventilation openings

Claims

A greenhouse ventilation film for opening and closing an opening for greenhouse ventilation by a greenhouse ventilation film in which a sealing film portion and a ventilation hole forming portion having a ventilation hole portion are integrally formed adjacent to each other. A switchgear ,
The end part of the sealing film part and the end part of the ventilation hole forming part are respectively fixed and arranged ,
Given to the adjacent direction of the front Symbol sealing film portion and placed along a longitudinal direction in a direction substantially orthogonal to the adjoining direction of the ventilation hole forming portion, and the sealing film portion and the ventilation hole forming portion A pair of winding shafts provided at intervals,
One winding shaft is located in the vicinity of the middle between the end of the sealing film part and the adjacent part of the ventilation hole forming part when unfolding the sealing film part, While rotating and moving, the sealing film part is provided so that it can be wound or unwound from the middle part thereof,
The other winding shaft is positioned in the vicinity of the middle between the end portion of the ventilation hole forming portion and the adjacent portion of the sealing film portion when unfolding the ventilation hole forming portion. And while rotating and moving, the ventilation hole forming part is provided so that it can be wound or unwound from the middle part thereof,
While winding the sealing film portion around the one winding shaft, when the one winding shaft moves toward the end of the sealing film portion, the ventilation hole forming portion from the other winding shaft Is unwound, the opening for ventilation is opened, and the other winding shaft is wound around the end of the ventilation hole forming portion while the ventilation hole forming portion is wound around the other winding shaft. The opening and closing device for a greenhouse ventilation film characterized by having a structure in which the sealing film portion is rewound from one winding shaft and the ventilation opening is closed as it moves in the direction of the portion. .

A greenhouse that opens and closes an opening for ventilation of a greenhouse by a greenhouse ventilation film in which a sealing film part and a ventilation hole forming part having a ventilation hole part are formed adjacently or integrally with each other. A ventilating film opening and closing device,
In the greenhouse ventilation film, one of the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part has a length approximately twice as long as the other,
The longitudinal direction is along a direction substantially orthogonal to the adjacent direction of the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part, and a predetermined interval is provided in the adjacent direction of the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part. A pair of winding shafts provided at a
On one winding shaft, the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part are wound together around the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part, and the sealing film part and the ventilation hole forming part are rotated and moved. Can be taken up or rewound together,
The other winding shaft is positioned in the vicinity of the middle between the one end portion and the adjacent portion of the sealing film portion and the ventilation hole forming portion that are long in the deployed state and rotates. While moving, it is provided so that it can be wound or unwound from its midway,
A state in which the sealing film portion and the ventilation hole forming portion are wound up to the maximum from the adjacent portions by the one winding shaft, or the sealing film portion and the ventilation by the other winding shaft. Among the hole forming portions, the long one in the unfolded state is wound up to the maximum from the midway portion, and the opposite side of the adjacent portion between the sealing film portion and the ventilation hole forming portion Each end located at is fixed,
When the one winding shaft is rotated in the winding direction from the unwinding state, the expanded film portion and the ventilation hole forming portion that are wound by the other winding shaft are expanded. The long film is rewound, and when the other winding shaft is rotated in the winding direction from the unwinding state, the sealing film portion wound by the one winding shaft, An opening / closing device for a ventilation film for greenhouses, wherein the ventilation hole forming portion has a structure in which a short one in a deployed state is rewound.

The ventilation hole forming part has a film part having a predetermined width that does not have a ventilation hole at an end located on the opposite side of the adjacent part to the sealing film part. The opening / closing apparatus of the ventilation film for greenhouses of Claim 1 or 2.

The ventilation hole forming portion includes a net-like member, a plurality of string-like members provided at predetermined intervals in a direction substantially orthogonal to a direction adjacent to the sealing film portion, or the net-like member and a plurality of net-like members The open / close device for a greenhouse film according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the open / close device is for a greenhouse film.

Each of the winding shafts is provided with a braking mechanism that exhibits a predetermined braking force when the sealing film portion or the ventilation hole forming portion is rewound from each winding shaft. The opening / closing apparatus of the ventilation film for greenhouses of any one of Claims 1-4 .

The open / close device for a greenhouse ventilation film according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein reverse rotation preventing means for preventing reverse rotation of each winding shaft is provided.