JP4030101B2 - Inside digging method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention belongs to the technical field of excavation for use in press-fitting casing pipes.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Pipes (including joints) such as steel pipes and ready-made concrete piles are often used as the foundation structure, and when the ground is soft enough to be directly press-fitted, it is driven together with excavation. Construction work and press-fitting work are performed.
On the other hand, when building underground structures such as foundation piles, the hole wall can be protected freely, and it is easy to ensure the self-supporting property of the hole wall. Excavation methods that are installed and carried out through rotary press fitting are used.
[0003]
In such excavation technology, excavated soil by shear excavation performed by rotational press-fitting of an excavation head at the tip of a screw through a screw rod having the same extension as that of the casing pipe inserted into the casing pipe is put on a screw fin and discharged. However, there is a means for assisting the press fitting.
Also, using a hammer grab, the fall impact force of the casing pipe causes cracking and crushing on the ground of the surface to be excavated, and the peeling piece and excavated soil are removed by blocking the shell provided at the tip of the hammer grab. Some are gripped and discharged out of the casing pipe.
Further, in addition to this, on the hard ground, means that can assist excavation by dropping the chisel is also employed.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the prior art, in particular, excavation from the ground of sandy soil having poor independence to the hard ground including the rock is efficient, but on the other hand, the drop impact is absorbed in the highly viscous ground, etc. Since it is difficult to exfoliate and crush the ground, there are disadvantages that the failure of the excavation rate and the inability to perform construction are unavoidable.
[0005]
On the other hand, in excavation work using an auger screw, a construction in which a casing pipe is provided on the outer periphery of the auger screw and rotationally press-fitted on the ground where the hole wall is not self-supporting has been performed.
However, in the excavation work with the auger screw, since the hard ground such as the rock, the boulders, cobblestones, etc. hinder the slime lift-up with the auger screw, There is a difficulty that excavation is difficult, and it is impossible to perform excavation with a casing pipe through shearing excavation via an auger screw, and it is difficult to avoid or restore construction problems. In addition, this difficulty has also been a problem that inevitably occurs in the underground excavator used together with the casing pipe press-fitting.
[0006]
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The purpose of the invention of this application is to
Problems such as the inability to press-fit casing pipes into soft ground based on the above-mentioned conventional technology, and drop impacts are absorbed by sandy soil with poor independence and high-viscosity ground, and peeling and crushing of the target ground As a result, it is a technical issue that should solve the problems of casing pipe drilling, where drilling efficiency is reduced and construction is impossible,
Excavation and cohesive ground for viscous soils that are difficult to peel and crush, while taking advantage of the functional advantage that pipes and casing pipes can be inserted into the casing pipe. It is to be able to effectively excavate in the middle.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the configuration of the invention of this application, which is based on the above-mentioned object and is summarized in the scope of the above-mentioned object, is a method for excavating casing pipes (2),
one. Auger screw (3)
two. A shear excavation bit (31) disposed at the tip of the auger screw (3);
three. A rotation drive device (5) of the auger screw (2);
Four. With press-fitting device (7)
Is inserted into the casing pipes (2), and the crimping body (12) of the drilling apparatus (1) is fixed to the inner surface of the casing pipes (2). The basic idea is to allow the casing pipes to be freely excavated.
[0008]
When the excavator (1) is inserted into the casing pipes (2), the crimping body (12) of the excavator (1) is crimped to a predetermined part on the inner surface of the casing pipes (2). Thus, the rotary press-fitting reaction force during the operation of the excavator (1) is supported by the casing pipes (2).
[0009]
And, in the middle excavation, the slime (73) generated by the rotary press-fitting operation of the shear excavation bit (31) and the auger clew (3) is lifted up by the auger screw (3), and the auger screw Store (3) in a slime storage pipe (9) (pipe-like casing) provided so as to surround it and confine it. Then, the slime (73) accommodated in the slime accommodation pipe (9) is discharged out of the system at a predetermined timing.
[0010]
As another solution, there is a drilling device (1) used in casing pipe press fitting,
one. Auger screw (3)
two. A shear excavation bit (31) disposed at the tip of the auger screw (3);
three. A rotation drive device (5) of the auger screw (3);
Four. With press-fitting device (7)
There is a drilling rig (1) having as one assembly unit.
When using the excavator (1), the excavator (1) is inserted into the casing pipes (2), and the crimped body (12) of the excavator (1) is attached to the inner surface of the casing pipes (2). The casing pipes can be freely excavated.
[0011]
In this excavator (1), a crimping body (12) disposed so as to face the inner surface of the casing pipes (2) and a wedge body (16) slidably in surface contact with the crimping body are provided. The press-fitting device is inscribed through a bracket at the top of the rotary drive device (5).
Further, an auger screw (3) linked to the press-fitting device (7) is provided so as to be surrounded by the slime storage pipe (9).
In addition, a stirring blade and a stirring rod are arranged in the radial direction with respect to the auger screw (3).
[0012]
A fluid ejection mechanism is disposed at a position close to the object to be excavated at the lower end of the excavator (1) so that the fluid can be ejected simultaneously with the auger screw (3). It is.
[0013]
In addition, a bucket-like slime storage portion is interposed at the lower end of the auger screw (3). A claw-shaped excavation bit is attached to the steel plate forming the storage unit bottom cover, and a hole is provided so that the slime excavated by the excavation bit can be stored in the bucket. This hole is provided with a valve that allows the slime to be stored in the bucket and prevent the slime from flowing out. Further, when the slime is discharged out of the system, the bottom lid is made openable and closable so that the slime accumulated in the bucket can be discharged.
[0014]
In addition, the fin (32) spirally fixed to the outer periphery of the shaft portion (30) surrounded by the slime storage pipe (9) is a fin near the excavation portion at the lower end of the drill shaft portion (30). The groove width between the fins is narrowed, and the groove width is widened toward the upper end along the axial direction.
[0015]
[Action]
State when the predetermined ground is hard ground including sandy ground with poor independence, and the impact is easily absorbed by the highly viscous ground, etc., and it is difficult to peel and crush the target ground The present invention is used when excavating the ground with casing pipes.
[0016]
Specifically, the excavator bit (31) is mounted on the screw fin (32) at the tip of the auger screw (3) and inserted into the casing pipes (2), and the inside of the casing pipes is excavated. I do. When excavation is performed through rotational press-fitting with respect to the auger screw (3), the reaction force of the rotational press-fitting is applied to the casing pipes (2).
At that time, the upper part of the excavator (1) to be inserted into the casing pipes (2) is provided with a crimping mechanism for the inner surface of the casing pipes (2). The crimping body (12) is crimped to the inner surface of the casing pipes (2) through the expansion / contraction action.
Then, in a state where reaction force is applied to the casing pipes (2) via the crimping body (12), the excavation bit (31) is rotated by the rotation driving device (5) to perform excavation. The slime (73) generated during the excavation is lifted up by the auger screw (3) and stored and confined in the slime storage pipe (9) surrounding the auger screw.
When excavation for a predetermined stroke is completed, the excavator (1) is pulled up by the crane (81), and the slime lifted up into the slime storage pipe (9) is discharged out of the system.
If the above process is repeated, it is possible to smoothly excavate predetermined casing pipes on the ground as planned.
[0017]
In addition, when performing in-pipe excavation by the excavation method at the time of direct press-fitting construction of a steel pipe and a steel pipe sheet pile, there is an advantage that the press-fitting efficiency is improved by performing the excavation operation prior to the press-fitting of the pipe. However, if the target ground is a layer that is extremely poor independence and includes hard obstacles such as rock blocks and cobblestones, the hole wall collapses when the hammer is pulled out after the completion of the preceding pipe excavation, and it is interposed on the outer circumference of the pipe There are defects such as rocks, cobblestones, and other obstacles that make it difficult to dig.
Therefore, in the present invention, a fluid ejection mechanism is disposed at a position near the excavation target at the lower end of the intermediate excavation apparatus. That is, it is possible to protect the hole wall by injecting a stable liquid for protecting the hole wall when the preceding of the pipe excavation is completed so that the fluid can be ejected simultaneously with the screw excavation. It is.
Furthermore, in the gravel ground layer where the ground to be excavated is extremely poorly consolidated, has a high water content, and is highly fluid, a bucket-shaped slime storage section is interposed at the lower end of the auger screw. . A claw-shaped excavation bit is attached to the steel plate forming the storage unit bottom cover, and a hole is provided so that the slime excavated by the excavation bit can be stored in the bucket. The hole is provided with a valve that can be stored in the slime bucket and can be prevented from flowing out. When the slime is discharged out of the system, the bottom lid can be opened and closed so that the slime accumulated in the bucket can be discharged. By exchanging with the head having such characteristics, excellent excavation efficiency can be secured.
In addition, the fin (32) of the auger screw (3) is designed so that the groove width between the fins is wide in the vicinity of the upper end of the drilling portion at the lower end of the drill shaft (30). The groove width is narrowed as it goes. That is, the slime is stored when the auger screw (3) is rotated in the reverse direction of excavation so that the slime stored in the slime storage pipe (9) surrounding the auger screw (3) can be discharged. In the upper part of the pipe (9), the contact surface between the slime (73) and the screw fin (32) is reduced to reduce the frictional resistance generated on the contact surface, and the weight of the slime (73) is easily transmitted downward. It is. On the other hand, at the lower end position of the slime storage pipe (9), the slime (73), which serves as the slime discharge driving force, is in strong contact with the inner wall of the slime storage pipe (9), increasing the frictional force between them, resulting in a smooth slime. The slime (73) can be discharged from the storage pipe (9).
Further, in the intermediate digging device (1), the tip of the fluid ejection mechanism is disposed at a position near the excavation target at the lower end of the device. The hole wall can be protected by injecting stable liquids to protect the hole wall when the advance of the pipe drilling is completed so that the fluid can be ejected simultaneously with the excavation of the screw (3). It is like that.
Furthermore, the fluid ejection mechanism can prevent confinement outflow integrally in the inner slime storage pipe (9) by adding a highly viscous liquid to the ground having poor caking properties and stirring as necessary. There are effects such as making it easy to press-fit the casing pipes (2) that are pushed in and driven by in-pipe excavation in advance while making it freely or injecting a liquid with strong lubricity.
[0018]
In addition, when using the excavator (1) in a gravel ground layer where the ground to be excavated is extremely poor in caking, moisture content and fluidity, remove the screw head from the lower end position of the auger screw, A bucket-shaped slime storage is installed.
A claw-shaped excavation bit is attached to the steel plate forming the storage unit bottom cover, and a hole (not shown) is provided so that the slime excavated by the excavation bit can be stored in the bucket. The hole is provided with a valve (not shown) that can be accommodated in the bucket of slime and can be prevented from flowing out.
Furthermore, when discharging the slime out of the system, the bottom lid can be opened and closed so that the slime accumulated in the bucket can be discharged.
By exchanging with the excavation head having the above characteristics, excellent excavation efficiency can be secured.
[0019]
Further, the groove width group of the screw fins (32) of the auger screw (3) is designed so that the groove width becomes narrower toward the lower end along the axial direction, and the slime storage that surrounds the auger screw (3) The slime (73) stored in the pipe (9) can be discharged freely.
That is, when the auger screw (3) is rotated in the reverse rotation direction during excavation, the contact surface between the slime (73) and the screw fin (32) is reduced in the inner upper part of the slime storage pipe (9). The frictional resistance generated on the surface is reduced, and the weight of the slime (73) is easily transmitted downward.
On the other hand, at the lower end position of the slime storage pipe (9), the slime serving as a slime discharge driving force and the inner wall of the casing pipe come into strong contact with each other, and the frictional force generated therebetween increases.
As a result, the slime (73) can be smoothly discharged from the slime storage pipe (9).
[0020]
In the present invention, a bucket-like slime storage portion is interposed at the lower end of the auger screw (3). A claw-shaped excavation bit is attached to the steel plate forming the storage unit bottom cover.
The slime storage part is provided with a hole through which the slime excavated by the excavation bit can be stored in the bucket. The hole is provided with a valve that can be stored in the slime bucket and can be prevented from flowing out.
The bottom cover of the slime storage part can be opened and closed so that the slime accumulated in the bucket can be discharged when the slime is discharged out of the system.
And the slime storage part mentioned above is comprised as a head which can be changed freely.
In addition, in the present invention, the fin (32) of the auger screw (3) is arranged so that the groove width between the fin and the fin is wide in the vicinity of the upper end of the drilling portion at the lower end of the drill shaft (30). The groove width is narrowed toward the lower end along the line. That is, the groove width of the screw fin (32) is widened in the vicinity of the upper end of the drilling portion at the lower end of the drill shaft portion (30), and the groove width becomes narrower toward the lower end along the axial direction. Has been.
According to the above-described feature, an excellent effect is achieved that smooth excavation and soil removal corresponding to the variety of excavated ground can be freely performed.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0022]
The object to be illustrated is an aspect in which construction is performed when an underground structure of a foundation pile such as a building is formed on a ground in which an earth and sand layer and a hard ground layer are alternately formed.
[0023]
Of course, the invention of this application can be used not only for the foundation structure but also for soft ground improvement work.
[0024]
In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, in a mode in which excavation work is performed using ordinary casing pipes, a known all casing device 61 is spiked 62 and set to a predetermined surface of the ground 71 in a fixed state.
[0025]
The crane 81 suspends the excavator 1 of the present invention by a hook 83 at the tip via a wire 82. The excavator 1 has a biaxial or coaxial auger screw 3 suspended via a plate 11 (see FIG. 2), and an excavation bit 31 provided at the tip of the auger screw 3.
[0026]
When the excavation bit 31 reaches the foundation hard ground 72 having a high viscosity or a high shock absorbing property, the excavation apparatus 1 is operated as described below. At that time, the rotary drive device 5 is operated with respect to the excavating device 1, and the press-fitting device 7 is operated to perform the medium excavation through the tip excavation bit 31 by the auger screw 3.
[0027]
The slime 73 generated by the excavation by the excavation bit 31 is confined in the space in the slime storage pipe (pipe-like casing) 9 provided so as to surround the periphery of the fin 32 of the auger screw 3 and rises. The slime storage pipe 9 is held in a state of being stored without being dropped from the lower end opening portion to the bottom of the hole, and excavation is continued in this state.
[0028]
However, in FIG. 4, 33 is a stirring blade or stirring rod provided in the middle of the auger screw 3, and 93 in FIG. 4 is a fluid jet port.
[0029]
In the excavator 1, as shown in FIG. 2, the crimping bodies 12 are arranged on the inner wall surface of the outer casing pipes 2 at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction so as to be freely crimped. A wedge body 16 provided via a lower hydraulic cylinder 15 is in contact with each crimping body 12 so as to be slidable through a tapered surface on the outer periphery thereof.
By the expansion and contraction operation of the hydraulic cylinder 15, each crimping body 12 is crimped to the inner surface of the casing pipe 2 in a predetermined manner. Thus, the reaction force generated by the rotational press-fitting of the rotary drive device 5 and the press-fitting device 7 during excavation is supported by the casing pipes 2 outside the excavation device 1 so as to maintain the initial excavation posture.
[0030]
In the above-described configuration, the excavator 1, that is, the auger screw 3 and the excavation bit 31 are suspended through the wire 82 and the hook 83 suspended by the crane 81.
When the excavation bit 31 reaches the basic hard ground 72, the hydraulic cylinder 70 having a predetermined length provided at the center of the press-fitting device 7 is extended to the auger screw 3 and the excavation bit 31 at the tip thereof. The pushing action is applied, and the rotary drive device 5 is operated to start excavation.
[0031]
At that time, the crimping body 12 is extended in the radial direction by the lifting action of the wedge body 16 by the hydraulic cylinder 15 and the pin 17, and the crimping body 12 is crimped to the corresponding inner surface of the casing pipes 2. Thus, excavation is performed while supporting the reaction force generated by the rotational press-fitting action by the hydraulic cylinder 70 and the rotating device 8 on the casing pipes 2.
[0032]
In this way, the slime 73 is relatively raised by the fins 32 of the rotating auger screw 3, and the stored state confined in the slime storage pipe 9 is maintained, so that the slime falls to the bottom of the hole. There is no fear.
[0033]
Then, when excavation of the foundation hard ground 72 by the excavator 1 is performed for a predetermined stroke, the excavator 1 is pulled up by the crane 81 via the wire 82 and the hook 83.
Subsequently, the hydraulic cylinder 70 is stopped and the rotation drive device 5 is rotated in the reverse direction, whereby the auger screw 3 is rotated in the reverse direction and the slime 73 is discharged from the lower end opening of the slime storage pipe 9 to the outside of the system.
[0034]
In the excavation process described above, the reaction force for the rotation operation by the rotation drive device 5 and the axial operation by the hydraulic cylinder 70 is applied to the casing pipes 2 through the crimping action by the wedge body 16 and the crimping body 12. Therefore, excavation by the excavator 1 can be performed smoothly as designed.
[0035]
When one cycle of excavation with a predetermined stroke by the hydraulic cylinder 70 is completed, the above process is repeated again through the hydraulic cylinder 70 and the rotating device 5, and excavation of the foundation hard rock 72 is continued to a predetermined length and a predetermined depth. Go to.
[0036]
It should be noted that excavation of the hard rock base 72 having a high viscosity and a high shock absorbing property is reliably performed as designed.
[0037]
Of course, the embodiments of the invention of this application are not limited to the above-described embodiments.
[0038]
Moreover, when applying the excavation, it is not limited to a full-rotation type all-casing device, but using casing pipes by a swing-type all-casing device, and also press fitting construction of casing pipes such as steel pipe piles and concrete piles. Of course, it is also possible to be widely used for excavation for excavation used together.
[0039]
And use hammering and crushing at construction sites where excavation of alternate layers including viscous or buffered ground is required and construction sites where it is necessary to observe low depth and low noise. It goes without saying that it extends to all technologies that perform all excavations.
[0040]
In short, when the rotational drive device 5 and the hydraulic cylinder 70 are operated in the circumferential direction and the axial direction, a reaction force is applied to the casing pipes 2 by the radial expansion / contraction action of the crimping body 12 by the wedge body 16 and the hydraulic cylinder 15. Try to have it. Thereby, even in an excavation site where it is necessary to observe low noise and low vibration, the excavation can be performed smoothly and silently.
[0041]
As a result of reliable drilling even on foundations with high viscosity and shock-absorbing foundations that are difficult to crush, it is possible to smoothly excavate casing pipes. It is something that can expand sex.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the invention of this application, sandy ground where sandy ground such as sandy ground is easy to collapse, and the foundation that has high viscosity and shock-absorbing properties, is difficult to be self-supporting, and is difficult to crush. Even in this ground, an excellent effect is achieved that excavation in a quiet state and press-fitting of casing pipes can be performed as designed.
[0043]
Further, according to the invention of this application, the slime storage pipe is provided around the screw fin of the auger screw to be installed. As a result, slime and the like generated during excavation are relatively raised by the screw fins of the auger screw and confined in the slime storage pipe, so that slime and the like generated during excavation does not fall to the hole bottom. . Further, even when excavation for a predetermined stroke is completed, the auger screw holds the slime and the like in the slime storage pipe, so that the slime and the like are not discharged from the lower open end of the slime storage pipe to the hole bottom. Therefore, the outstanding effect that troubles, such as a fall of excavation efficiency and construction inability, can be prevented is produced.
[0044]
In addition, when excavating with an auger screw through the excavating bit at the tip of the auger screw, the reaction force due to the extruding action of the coaxial excavating force and the circumferential rotating action of the rotating device is surely ensured. It is supported by the crimping of the crimping body to the surface, and an excellent effect that excavation is performed smoothly is exhibited.
[0045]
Further, in the invention of this application, the crimping body can be expanded and contracted in the radial direction by a wedge body that moves up and down relatively through expansion and contraction of the hydraulic cylinder, and the mechanism is provided in the casing pipes and the central portion inside thereof. In order to provide in the space part of the ring-shaped cross section around the hydraulic cylinder to give excavation force, the wedge body, the hydraulic cylinder for its operation, and the crimping body are arranged in the axial direction, and the narrow space is fully utilized, In the lower part, a rotating device is provided through a plate with a sufficient margin, and an inner casing pipe that slides around the fins of the auger screw through the plate is provided. As a result, an excellent effect that the structure is compact and the operation can be reliably imparted is exhibited.
[0046]
This also means that the hydraulic cylinder as an axial excavating device, the wedge device that performs the radial expansion / contraction action of the crimping body, and the hydraulic cylinder that moves the wedge device forward and backward as an assembly unit together with the rotating device. Since it can be stored in a narrow space in the outer casing pipes so that these functions can be sufficiently performed, an excellent effect that the functions can be fulfilled is achieved.
[0047]
In addition, in order to secure a reaction force for rotational press-fitting, it is not necessary to apply a reaction force to the outer part of the casing pipes via a gripping device or the like. Since it is not necessary to recognize as an obstruction, only the closed cross section inside the casing pipes can be used, which increases the degree of freedom in design and construction.
[0048]
In the invention of this application, by providing the stirring blade and the stirring rod in the radial direction from the middle of the screw, an excellent effect is achieved that the crushed object is well stirred during the digging. The
[0049]
And the invention of this application is a drilling wall even though there is a change in the alternate layer even for the alternate layer ground with the sandy ground which the ground such as hard rock is in the lower part of the normal ground It can maintain the independence, and can effectively work against severe drop impacts caused by hammer grabs and chisels. There is also an effect that excavation can be easily performed.
[0050]
Of course, the target ground can be applied not only to a ground having a formation such as a sandy ground and a hard rock foundation, but also to a normal ground.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall view showing an outline of a construction mode using an excavator of the present invention, and is partially shown in cross section.
FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view of FIG.
3 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2, and FIG. 3 (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Drilling rig
2 Casing pipes
3 Auger screw
5 Rotation drive
7 Press-fitting device
9 Slime storage pipe (pipe-shaped casing)
11 plates
12 Crimp body
15 Hydraulic cylinder
16 wedge
17 pin
30 Drill shaft
31 Drilling bit (Drilling head)
32 fins
33 Bucket-shaped drilling head
61 All casing equipment
62 Spike
70 Hydraulic cylinder
71 ground
72 Hard ground
73 Slime
81 crane
82 wires
83 hook
93 Fluid outlet
99 Fluid ejection mechanism

Claims (1)

An auger screw (3) , a rotary drive device (5) for rotating the auger screw (3) , a hydraulic cylinder (70) for press-fitting the auger screw (3) into the ground, and a reaction force by casing pipes (2 crimping member for supporting the) and (12), a method that assumes the use of a drilling device (1) having a slime housing pipe (9) which surrounds the auger screw (3), aboveground In the middle digging method of inserting the excavator (1) inside the casing pipes (2) when the casing pipes (2) are press-fitted using the casing press-fitting device (61) installed in ,
Inside the casing pipes (2) press- fitted by the casing press-fitting device (61) installed on the ground, the excavation device (1) suspended by the crane (81 ) is inserted,
The crimping body (12) of the excavator (1) is crimped to the inner wall surface of the casing pipes (2), and the rotational reaction force of the rotary drive device (5) and the press-fitting reaction force of the press-fitting device (7) are obtained. Support the casing pipes (2),
With the reaction force supported on the casing pipes (2) , the hydraulic cylinder (70) of the excavator (1 ) is extended to give a pushing action to the tip of the auger screw (3) , and the excavator ( Rotate the auger screw (3) with the rotary drive device (5) of 1) to excavate the ground at its tip,
The slime (73) generated during excavation is lifted by the auger screw (3), and stored inside the slime storage pipe (9) surrounding the auger screw (3),
Release the crimped state by the crimped body (12) at an appropriate timing and pull up the excavator (1),
The auger screw (3) is rotated reversely outside the casing pipes (2), and the slime (73) stored in the slime storage pipe (9) is discharged from the slime storage pipe (9). And
An inside digging method characterized in that the inside of the casing pipes (2) is dug by repeating the above steps.