JP4032374B2 - Casting mold and manufacturing method - Google Patents
Casting mold and manufacturing method Download PDFInfo
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- JP4032374B2 JP4032374B2 JP2001214946A JP2001214946A JP4032374B2 JP 4032374 B2 JP4032374 B2 JP 4032374B2 JP 2001214946 A JP2001214946 A JP 2001214946A JP 2001214946 A JP2001214946 A JP 2001214946A JP 4032374 B2 JP4032374 B2 JP 4032374B2
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 21
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- -1 polyol compound Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 206010001497 Agitation Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 17
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052956 cinnabar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-1H-imidazole Chemical compound CN1C=CN=C1 MCTWTZJPVLRJOU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQIIVEISJBBUCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridine Chemical compound C=1C=NC=CC=1CCCC1=CC=CC=C1 AQIIVEISJBBUCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethylmorpholine Chemical compound CCN1CCOCC1 HVCNXQOWACZAFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzyl ether Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1COCC1=CC=CC=C1 MHDVGSVTJDSBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005350 fused silica glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DAZXVJBJRMWXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylethylamine Chemical compound CCN(C)C DAZXVJBJRMWXJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VMOWKUTXPNPTEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylpropan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)N(C)C VMOWKUTXPNPTEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003986 novolac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003987 resole Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Mold Materials And Core Materials (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
粒状骨材を、ポリオール化合物とポリイソシアネート化合物を各々主成分とする有機溶剤溶液から成る粘結剤を用いて成形、硬化せしめて鋳造用鋳型を製造する方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
鋳造用鋳型(鋳型アセンブリーの各種粒状骨材製部材を含む)を製造する方法の一つとして、硅砂などの粒状骨材に、ポリオール化合物とポリイソシアネート化合物を各々主成分とする有機溶剤溶液から成る粘結剤を混合し、得られた混合物を模型に充填し、第三級アミン類の触媒作用によるウレタン化反応により硬化させることによって所望の鋳型を得る、いわゆるコールドボックス法、あるいはウレタン自硬性造型法が広く知られ実施されている。 これらの鋳型造型法は、いずれも室温での硬化が可能で、速硬性があり、しかも鋳造後、鋳型の崩壊に優れているので、鋳物からの分離が極めて容易であるなどの利点を備えていることから、省エネルギー、高生産性鋳型造型法として使用が拡大している。
【0003】
前記コールドボックス法、またはウレタン自硬性造型法によって造型される鋳型は、脱型後も粘結剤のウレタン化反応が継続し、通常、常温下24時間ないし36時間経過後最高強度に到達する。しかしながら、鋳造工程において鋳型の強度がもっとも重要視されるのは、鋳型そのものが、金型、樹脂型、あるいは木型等の模型から脱型された時から、鋳型アセンブリーの形に組み立てられるまでの、比較的初期の段階においてである。 即ち、鋳型が模型から脱型される際、脱型用押し出し治具の圧力や型面の摩擦抵抗に耐え、さらに、その後の作業員、ロボットなどによるハンドリング、搬送などを経て鋳型アセンブリーとして組み上がるまでの工程中、変形や破損に耐えるだけの十分な強度が求められる。コールドボックス法、あるいはウレタン自硬性造型法によって造型される鋳型の強度は、使用する粘結剤の量を増せば高くなり、前記の鋳造工程の比較的初期の工程中の変形や、破損に対する耐性は高くなるが、高温の溶融金属が鋳型に注入された際に、粘結剤が過多であるとその熱分解ガスが鋳物の表面、あるいは表面下に欠陥を生ぜしめる傾向があり、また、当然、環境に放出される大気汚染物質の量も増え、更には経済的観点からも望ましいとはいえない。 よって、鋳型に用いる粘結剤の量は、必要強度が得られる限り少量であることが望ましい。
ところが、硅砂などの粒状骨材は、粘結剤が添加、混合されるまでに長い輸送、搬送の繰り返しを経ており、その過程で、静電気、あるいはその他の物理作用により、埃や、粒状骨材自体が破砕して生じる微粒子など、種々の異物をその表面に付着させている。このような表面状態を持った粒状骨材は、粘結剤を、前記A成分とB成分を同時に、又は順次、またウレタン自硬性造型法に於いては更に触媒である第三級アミン類も同時に添加、混合しても、表面が粘結剤によって均一に被覆されにくく、また粘結剤被膜と表面の高い密着性も得られにくいため、その後の工程を経て製造された鋳型の強度が低くなってしまい、鋳型の破損を招くという問題があり、この問題を回避するため、粘結剤の使用量を増し、前記の鋳物欠陥、大気汚染、あるいは経済的問題発生を助長してしまうという困難さがあった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記の実情に鑑みなされたものであり、静電気、その他の物理作用により、好ましくない表面状態を持った粒状骨材を使用しても、従来技術によるより高い強度を持ち、または、従来技術によるより少ない量の粘結剤で十分な強度を持った、鋳型を製造する方法を提供するものである。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決するための方法を鋭意検討した結果、鋳型用粒状骨材と粘結剤の混合工程を、比較的少量のポリオール成分のみを粒状骨材に添加し、攪拌混合する第一次攪拌混合工程と、ポリオール成分及びポリイソシアネート成分(及び、ウレタン自硬性造型法においては、硬化触媒)を粒状骨材と同時に、又は順次混合攪拌する第二次混合攪拌工程とに分けて行うことによって上記課題の解決が可能であることを見出し本発明にいたった。
【0006】
即ち、本発明の鋳造用鋳型の製造方法は、ポリオール化合物を主成分とする有機溶剤溶液(A成分)と、ポリイソシアネート化合物(B1成分)またはポリイソシアネート化合物を主成分とする有機溶剤溶液(B2成分)とから成る粘結剤を、粒状骨材に添加し、攪拌混合し、得られた混合物を模型に充填し、次いで、該混合物に、ガス状、またはエアロゾル状第三級アミンを接触させることによって固化させる鋳造用鋳型の製造方法において、前記粒状骨材に、先ず所要量の、5ないし60重量パーセントのA成分を添加して、一次攪拌混合し、その後、更に残りのA成分及び、B1成分もしくはB2成分を添加し、二次攪拌混合する工程を有することを特徴とする鋳造用鋳型の製造方法、及び前記鋳造用鋳型の製造方法によって製造された鋳造用鋳型であり、
【0007】
また本発明は、ポリオール化合物を主成分とする有機溶剤溶液(A成分)と、ポリイソシアネート化合物(B1成分)またはポリイソシアネート化合物を主成分とする有機溶剤溶液(B2成分)とから成る粘結剤、および硬化触媒である第三級アミンを、粒状骨材に添加し、攪拌混合し、得られた混合物を模型に充填し、固化させる鋳造用鋳型の製造方法において、前記粒状骨材に、先ず所要量の5乃至60重量パーセントのA成分を添加して、一次攪拌混合し、その後、更に残りのA成分、B1成分もしくはB2成分、及び硬化触媒を添加し、二次攪拌混合する工程を有することを特徴とする鋳造用鋳型の製造方法、及び前記鋳造用鋳型の製造方法によって製造された鋳造用鋳型である。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明においては、粘結剤を、主成分であるポリオール化合物とポリイソシアネート化合物が100重量部対120乃至165重量部の割合範囲で使用するが、ポリオール化合物100重量部に対しイソシアネート化合物が110重量部乃至155重量部となる割合範囲が更に好適である。また、本発明の鋳造用鋳型の製造法においては、粒状骨材に粘結剤を2回添加混合するが、必要な鋳型強度を得るための粘結剤の主成分であるポリオール化合物とポリイソシアネート化合物の合計所要量は、粒状骨材100重量部に対して0.2重量部乃至5.0重量部が好ましく、更に好ましくは0.4重量部乃至3.0重量部である。
【0009】
本発明において使用できるポリオール化合物としては、フェノール類とホルムアルデヒドとの縮合・重合で得られる有機溶剤溶解性のベンジルエーテル樹脂、レゾール樹脂あるいはノボラック樹脂である。かかるポリオール化合物の、コールドボックス法用有機溶剤溶液の市販品の例としては、商品名、「ISOCURE パート I-308SR」(保土谷アシュランド(株)製)が、また、ウレタン自硬性造型法用有機溶剤溶液の市販品の例としては、商品名、「PEP SET パートR−1600」(保土谷アシュランド(株)製)が挙げられる。
【0010】
ポリイソシアネート化合物としては、芳香族、脂肪族あるいは脂環式のポリイソシアネートを使用することが出来、具体的には、ジフェニルメタンジイソシアネート、ポリメチレンポリフェニレンポリイソシアネート、ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネート、4,4−ジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネートが挙げられる。かかるポリイソシアネート化合物の、コールドボックス法用有機溶剤溶液の市販品の例としては、商品名、「ISOCURE パート II-608T」(保土谷アシュランド(株)製)が、また、ウレタン自硬性造型法用有機溶剤溶液の市販品の例としては、商品名、「PEP SET パートM」(保土谷アシュランド(株)製)が挙げられる。
【0011】
本発明で使用できる粘結剤硬化用触媒は、第三級アミン化合物が好適であり、例示すると、コールドボックス造型法においては、トリエチルアミン、ジメチルエチルアミン、ジメチルイソプロピルアミン等の易気化性化合物をガス状、又はエアロゾル状としたものが、ウレタン自硬性造型法においては、4-フェニルプロピルピリジン、エチルモルホリン、N-メチルイミダゾール等をそのまま、もしくは有機溶剤により適宜希釈したものが好適に使用できる。又、かかるウレタン自硬性造型法用硬化触媒は、粘結剤のポリオール化合物成分に予め添加、混合しておくことも出来る。硬化用触媒の使用量は、コールドボックス造型法においても、ウレタン自硬性造型法においても、前記ポリオール化合物の使用量100重量部に対して、0.1重量部乃至20.0重量部が好ましい。
【0012】
本発明において使用できる粒状骨材は、鋳造業において鋳型用として一般に使用されている砂、例えば、硅砂、ジルコン砂、クロマイト砂、オリビン砂、人造ムライト砂、熔融シリカ砂等、ならびにこれらの砂を使用後再生したものがあり、また、鋳型の一部として使用される押し湯スリーブの造型に用いられるアルミナ・シリカ中空微小球、シラスバルーン、発泡パーライト、ガラスビーズ等の粒状骨材も使用できる。かかる粒状骨材は平均粒径が50乃至1000ミクロンの範囲にあることが好ましい。
【0013】
本発明で使用される、粒状骨材と粘結剤(および、ウレタン自硬性造型法においては、硬化用触媒)を混合するためのミキサーとしては、鋳造業界で一般的に使用されているバッチ式ミキサー、あるいは連続式ミキサーのいずれでも、あるいはそれらの組み合わせでもよい。
【0014】
本発明において、粘結剤と粒状骨材はミキサーにより、粒状骨材の表面が粘結剤の均質な膜によって、高い密着性をもって被覆されるように混合するものである。 先ず、所望量の粒状骨材をミキサーに投入し、攪拌しながら、かく投入した粒状骨材の量に対応して最終的に必要とするポリオール化合物成分量の5乃至60重量パーセントを添加し、1乃至2分間攪拌混合を続ける(第一次混合工程)。次いで、得られた混合物に残余のポリオール成分と所要量のイソシアネート化合物成分を添加し、1乃至2分間攪拌混合する(第二次混合工程)。ウレタン自硬性造型法にあっては、この第二次混合工程で所要量の硬化触媒を添加混合する。第一次混合工程終了後、直ちに第二次混合工程を行う必要が無い場合には、混合物を、ホッパー等の貯溜装置に貯溜し、必要に応じて前記第二次混合工程を行う。
【0015】
第二次混合工程を経た粘結剤被覆粒状骨材は、ウレタン自硬性造型法にあっては、直ちに模型に充填し、硬化を待って、脱型し所望の鋳型を得る。コールドボックス造型法にあっては、前記粘結剤被覆粒状骨材を圧縮空気、または手込めによって模型に充填し、次いでガス状、またはエアロゾル状の第三級アミンを圧入/通過させることによって粘結剤を硬化させ脱型し、所望の鋳型を得る。
【0016】
【実施例】
(実施例1)
粒状骨材として、国産天然硅砂の再生砂100重量部を室温にて品川式ミキサーに投入し、攪拌しながらポリオール化合物の有機溶剤溶液(商品名「ISOCURE パート I−308SR」、保土谷アシュランド(株)製)0.10重量部を添加し、90秒間混合後、24時間そのまま放置した。次いで、前記ポリオール化合物有機溶剤溶液を0.90重量部と、ポリイソシアネート化合物の有機溶剤溶液(商品名、「ISOCURE パートII−608T」、保土谷アシュランド(株)製)1.00重量部とを添加し、90秒間混合を続けた。 かく得られた混合物を、前記混合直後に、各々通気装置に接続可能な、厚さ10mm.、幅30mm.、長さ80mm.の曲げ強さ試験鋳型製作用金型に、砂吹き込み用アタッチメントを使って、吹き込み圧力3.43MPaにて充填し、次に、前記金型を通気装置に接続し、トリエチルアミンをポリオール化合物有機溶剤溶液に対し5重量パーセント注入/気化させ、40秒間通気し硬化させた後脱型する方法で、試験鋳型を製作した。前記方法で製作した試験鋳型を、脱型1分後、同1時間後、および同24時間後に、それぞれ曲げ強さを測定した。得られた曲げ強さの各平均値を表1に示した。
【0017】
(実施例 2)
粒状骨材として国産天然硅砂の再生砂100重量部を、室温にて品川式ミキサーに投入し、攪拌しながらポリオール化合物の有機溶剤溶液(商品名「ISOCURE パート I−308SR」、保土谷アシュランド(株)製)0.10重量部を添加し、90秒間混合後、3時間そのまま放置した。次いで、前記ポリオール化合物有機溶剤溶液を0.90重量部と、ポリイソシアネート化合物の有機溶剤溶液(商品名、「ISOCURE パートII−608T」、保土谷アシュランド(株)製)1.00重量部とを添加し、90秒間混合を続けた。 かく得られた混合物を用いて、前記実施例 1と同じ態様で試験鋳型を製作し、曲げ強さを測定した。得られた曲げ強さの各平均値を表1に示した。
【0018】
(比較例 1)
前記粒状骨材100重量部を、室温にて品川式ミキサーに投入し、攪拌しながら前記ポリオール化合物有機溶剤溶液(商品名「ISOCURE パートI−308SR」、保土谷アシュランド(株)製)1.0重量部と、前記ポリイソシアネート化合物有機溶剤溶液(商品名「ISOCUREパートII−608T」、保土谷アシュランド(株)製)1.0重量部とを添加し、90秒間混合を続けた。次いで、前記実施例 1と同じ態様で試験鋳型を製作し、曲げ強さを測定した。得られた曲げ強さの各平均値を表1に示した。
【0019】
(実施例 3)
粒状骨材としてフリマントル硅砂100重量部を室温にて品川式ミキサーに投入し、攪拌しながらポリオール化合物有機溶剤溶液(商品名「PEP SET パートR−1600」、保土谷アシュランド(株)製)0.075重量部を添加し、90秒間混合後、24時間そのまま放置した。次いで、前記ポリオール化合物有機溶剤溶液を0.713重量部、ポリイソシアネート化合物有機溶剤溶液(商品名「PEP SETパートM」、保土谷アシュランド(株)製)0.713重量部、および硬化触媒(商品名「PEP SETパートK」、保土谷アシュランド(株)製)を、前記ポリオール化合物有機溶剤溶液の0。05重量部添加し、90秒間混合した。 混合後、かく得られた混合物を、直径50mm.、高さ50mm.の試験鋳型製作用模型(12個取り)に充填し、搗き固めた後、15分間放置し硬化させた。硬化した鋳型の圧縮強さを、脱型直後と、同24時間後に、各3個づつについて測定した。得られた圧縮強さの各平均値を表2に示す。
【0020】
(比較例2)
粒状骨材としてフリマントル硅砂100重量部を、室温にて品川式ミキサーに投入し、攪拌しながらポリオール化合物有機溶剤溶液(商品名「PEP SET パートR−1600」、保土谷アシュランド(株)製)0.75重量部、ポリイソシアネート化合物有機溶剤溶液(商品名「PEP SET パート M」、保土谷アシュランド(株)製)0.75重量部、および硬化触媒(商品名「PEP SET パート K」、保土谷アシュランド(株)製)を、前記ポリオール化合物有機溶剤溶液の5重量部添加し、90秒間混合した。混合後、かく得られた混合物を直径50mm.、高さ50mm.の試験鋳型製作用模型(12個取り)に充填し、搗き固めた後15分間放置し硬化させた。硬化した鋳型の圧縮強さを、脱型直後と、同24時間後に、各3個づつについて測定した。得られた圧縮強さの各平均値を表2に示す。
【0021】
【表1】
【0022】
【表2】
【0023】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明のとうり、また、上掲の表3、表4に示した本発明の製造方法、及び従来技術によってそれぞれ作成された鋳型の強度試験結果からも明らかなように、本発明の製造方法によって製造された鋳型は、従来技術によって製造された鋳型に比べ強度が高く、殊に、鋳造工程の比較的初期段階での強度発現に優れていることから、鋳型の破損や変形を大幅に減少させることが出来、あるいは、粘結剤の使用量を、従来技術による鋳型強度を得るに十分な水準まで、減少することにより粘結剤コストを低減し、更には、熱分解性ガスの減少により、鋳造欠陥の減少、環境汚染物質の排出減少等の効果がある。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing a casting mold by molding and curing a granular aggregate using a binder composed of an organic solvent solution each composed mainly of a polyol compound and a polyisocyanate compound.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As one of the methods for producing casting molds (including various granular aggregate members of mold assemblies), granular aggregates such as cinnabar sand are composed of organic solvent solutions each containing a polyol compound and a polyisocyanate compound as main components. A so-called cold box method, or urethane self-hardening molding, is obtained by mixing a binder, filling the resulting mixture into a model, and curing by a urethanization reaction catalyzed by tertiary amines. The law is widely known and implemented. All of these mold making methods can be cured at room temperature, are fast-curing, and are excellent in mold collapse after casting, so that they can be separated from the casting very easily. Therefore, its use is expanding as an energy-saving and high-productivity mold making method.
[0003]
The mold formed by the cold box method or the urethane self-hardening molding method continues the urethanization reaction of the binder even after demolding, and usually reaches the maximum strength after 24 to 36 hours at room temperature. However, the strength of the mold is most important in the casting process from when the mold itself is removed from the mold such as a mold, a resin mold, or a wooden mold until it is assembled into a mold assembly. In a relatively early stage. That is, when the mold is removed from the model, it withstands the pressure of the extruding jig and the frictional resistance of the mold surface, and is assembled as a mold assembly through subsequent handling and transportation by a worker, a robot, etc. Sufficient strength is required to withstand deformation and breakage during the above processes. The strength of molds made by the cold box method or urethane self-hardening molding method increases as the amount of binder used increases, and it is resistant to deformation and breakage during the relatively early stages of the casting process. However, when high-temperature molten metal is poured into the mold, if the binder is excessive, the pyrolysis gas tends to cause defects on or below the casting surface. The amount of air pollutants released into the environment increases, and it is not desirable from an economic point of view. Therefore, it is desirable that the amount of the binder used for the mold is small as long as the required strength is obtained.
However, granular aggregates such as cinnabar sand are repeatedly transported and transported until the binder is added and mixed, and in the process, dust and granular aggregates are caused by static electricity or other physical action. Various foreign substances such as fine particles generated by crushing themselves are attached to the surface. The granular aggregate having such a surface state includes a binder, a component A and a component B simultaneously or sequentially, and tertiary amines which are further catalysts in the urethane self-hardening molding method. Even if they are added and mixed at the same time, the surface is difficult to be uniformly coated with the binder, and it is difficult to obtain high adhesion between the binder film and the surface, so the strength of the mold produced through the subsequent steps is low. In order to avoid this problem, it is difficult to increase the amount of binder used and promote the occurrence of casting defects, air pollution, or economic problems. There was.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and even if a granular aggregate having an unfavorable surface state is used due to static electricity or other physical action, it has a higher strength than the prior art, or has been conventionally It provides a method for producing a mold with sufficient strength with a smaller amount of binder by technology.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies on a method for solving the above-mentioned problems, the inventors of the present invention added a relatively small amount of polyol component to the granular aggregate and mixed the granular aggregate for mold and the binder. First mixing step of mixing and second mixing step of mixing and stirring the polyol component and polyisocyanate component (and curing catalyst in the urethane self-hardening molding method) simultaneously with the granular aggregate or sequentially. It was found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved by carrying out separately, and the present invention was reached.
[0006]
That is, the manufacturing method of the casting mold of the present invention, the organic solvent solution (A component) mainly composed of the polyol compound, the polyisocyanate compound (B 1 component) or the polyisocyanate compound organic solvent solution consisting primarily of ( B 2 component) is added to the granular aggregate, stirred and mixed, and the resulting mixture is filled into a model, and then gaseous or aerosol tertiary amine is added to the mixture. the method of manufacturing a casting mold and solidified by contacting, in the particulate aggregate, the first requirement, 5 to the addition of 60 weight percent of the a component, and mixing primary stirring, then further remaining a component and, by adding the component B1 or B2 components, is prepared I by the method of manufacturing a method of manufacturing the casting mold, and the casting mold, characterized in that it comprises a secondary agitation mixing process A casting mold was,
[0007]
The present invention is an organic solvent solution (A component) mainly composed of the polyol compound, the polyisocyanate compound (B 1 component) or an organic solvent solution (B 2 component) mainly composed of a polyisocyanate compound and consisting of viscosity In the method for producing a casting mold, a binder and a tertiary amine as a curing catalyst are added to a granular aggregate, stirred and mixed, and the resulting mixture is filled into a model and solidified. first the addition of 5 to 60 weight percent of the a component of the required amount, the primary mixing and stirring the, then, further remaining component a, B1 components or component B2, and adding a curing catalyst, mixed secondary stirring it is a manufacturing method, and casting mold that said manufactured Tsu by the manufacturing method of the casting mold of the casting mold, characterized in that it comprises a step.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the binder compound is used in a ratio range of 100 parts by weight to 120 to 165 parts by weight of the polyol compound and the polyisocyanate compound as main components, but the isocyanate compound is 110 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyol compound. A ratio range of parts to 155 parts by weight is more preferable. In the casting mold production method of the present invention, the binder is added to and mixed with the granular aggregate twice. The polyol compound and the polyisocyanate, which are the main components of the binder for obtaining the required mold strength, are used. The total required amount of the compound is preferably 0.2 to 5.0 parts by weight, more preferably 0.4 to 3.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the granular aggregate.
[0009]
The polyol compound that can be used in the present invention is an organic solvent-soluble benzyl ether resin, resol resin or novolak resin obtained by condensation / polymerization of phenols and formaldehyde. Examples of commercially available organic solvent solutions for the cold box method of such polyol compounds include the trade name “ISOCURE Part I-308SR” (manufactured by Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.), and also for urethane self-hardening molding methods. As an example of the commercial item of an organic solvent solution, a brand name, "PEP SET part R-1600" (made by Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.) is mentioned.
[0010]
As the polyisocyanate compound, aromatic, aliphatic or alicyclic polyisocyanates can be used. Specifically, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenylene polyisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, 4,4-dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate. Is mentioned. Examples of commercially available organic solvent solutions for such a polyisocyanate compound for the cold box method include the trade name “ISOCURE Part II-608T” (manufactured by Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.), and urethane self-hardening molding method. Examples of commercially available organic solvent solutions include “PEP SET Part M” (made by Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.).
[0011]
The binder curing catalyst that can be used in the present invention is preferably a tertiary amine compound. For example, in the cold box molding method, an easily vaporizable compound such as triethylamine, dimethylethylamine, dimethylisopropylamine is gaseous. In the urethane self-hardening molding method, an aerosol-like one can be suitably used in which 4-phenylpropylpyridine, ethylmorpholine, N-methylimidazole, etc. are diluted as they are or appropriately diluted with an organic solvent. Moreover, the curing catalyst for urethane self-hardening molding method can be added and mixed in advance with the polyol compound component of the binder. The amount of the curing catalyst used is preferably 0.1 to 20.0 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polyol compound used in both the cold box molding method and the urethane self-hardening molding method.
[0012]
The granular aggregate that can be used in the present invention includes sand generally used for casting in the casting industry, such as dredged sand, zircon sand, chromite sand, olivine sand, artificial mullite sand, fused silica sand, and the like. Some of them have been regenerated after use, and granular aggregates such as alumina / silica hollow microspheres, shirasu balloons, foamed perlite, and glass beads, which are used to form a hot water sleeve used as a part of a mold, can also be used. Such granular aggregates preferably have an average particle size in the range of 50 to 1000 microns.
[0013]
As a mixer for mixing the granular aggregate and the binder (and the curing catalyst in the urethane self-hardening molding method) used in the present invention, a batch type generally used in the casting industry is used. Either a mixer, a continuous mixer, or a combination thereof may be used.
[0014]
In the present invention, the binder and the granular aggregate are mixed by a mixer so that the surface of the granular aggregate is coated with high adhesion by a homogeneous film of the binder. First, a desired amount of granular aggregate is charged into a mixer, and while stirring, 5 to 60 weight percent of the amount of polyol compound component finally required corresponding to the amount of granular aggregate charged is added, Continue stirring and mixing for 1 to 2 minutes (primary mixing step). Next, the remaining polyol component and the required amount of the isocyanate compound component are added to the obtained mixture, followed by stirring and mixing for 1 to 2 minutes (secondary mixing step). In the urethane self-hardening molding method, a required amount of a curing catalyst is added and mixed in this secondary mixing step. If it is not necessary to perform the secondary mixing step immediately after the primary mixing step, the mixture is stored in a storage device such as a hopper, and the secondary mixing step is performed as necessary.
[0015]
In the urethane self-hardening molding method, the binder-coated granular aggregate that has undergone the second mixing step is immediately filled into a model, waits for curing, and is demolded to obtain a desired mold. In the cold box molding method, the binder-coated granular aggregate is filled into a model by compressed air or by hand, and then a gaseous or aerosol-like tertiary amine is pressed / passed through. The binder is cured and demolded to obtain the desired mold.
[0016]
【Example】
(Example 1)
As granulated aggregate, 100 parts by weight of domestic natural cinnabar sand is put into a Shinagawa mixer at room temperature and stirred with an organic solvent solution of polyol compound (trade name “ISOCURE Part I-308SR”, Hodogaya Ashland ( 0.10 parts by weight) was added, mixed for 90 seconds, and allowed to stand for 24 hours. Next, 0.90 part by weight of the polyol compound organic solvent solution and 1.00 part by weight of an organic solvent solution of a polyisocyanate compound (trade name, “ISOCURE Part II-608T”, manufactured by Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.) Was added and mixing continued for 90 seconds. The mixture thus obtained can be connected to a venting device immediately after the mixing, each having a thickness of 10 mm. , Width 30 mm. , Length 80 mm. Bending strength test of mold The mold for working with mold was filled with sand blowing attachment at a blowing pressure of 3.43 MPa, then the mold was connected to a venting device, and triethylamine was added to the polyol compound organic solvent solution. A test mold was produced by injecting / vaporizing 5 weight percent of the resin, aeration for 40 seconds, curing, and demolding. The test mold produced by the above method was measured for bending strength after 1 minute of demolding, after 1 hour, and after 24 hours. The average values of the bending strengths obtained are shown in Table 1.
[0017]
(Example 2)
100 parts by weight of domestic natural cinnabar sand as granular aggregate is put into a Shinagawa mixer at room temperature and stirred with an organic solvent solution of a polyol compound (trade name “ISOCURE Part I-308SR”, Hodogaya Ashland ( 0.10 parts by weight) was added, mixed for 90 seconds, and allowed to stand for 3 hours. Next, 0.90 part by weight of the polyol compound organic solvent solution and 1.00 part by weight of an organic solvent solution of a polyisocyanate compound (trade name, “ISOCURE Part II-608T”, manufactured by Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.) Was added and mixing continued for 90 seconds. Using the mixture thus obtained, a test mold was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, and the bending strength was measured. The average values of the bending strengths obtained are shown in Table 1.
[0018]
(Comparative Example 1)
100 parts by weight of the granular aggregate is charged into a Shinagawa mixer at room temperature, and the polyol compound organic solvent solution (trade name “ISOCURE Part I-308SR”, manufactured by Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.) with stirring. 0 part by weight and 1.0 part by weight of the polyisocyanate compound organic solvent solution (trade name “ISOCURE Part II-608T”, manufactured by Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.) were added, and mixing was continued for 90 seconds. Next, a test mold was manufactured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the bending strength was measured. The average values of the bending strengths obtained are shown in Table 1.
[0019]
(Example 3)
100 parts by weight of Fremantle cinnabar as granular aggregate is put into a Shinagawa mixer at room temperature and stirred with a polyol compound organic solvent solution (trade name "PEP SET Part R-1600", manufactured by Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.) 0.075 part by weight was added, mixed for 90 seconds, and allowed to stand for 24 hours. Next, 0.713 parts by weight of the polyol compound organic solvent solution, 0.713 parts by weight of a polyisocyanate compound organic solvent solution (trade name “PEP SET Part M”, manufactured by Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.), and a curing catalyst ( A trade name “PEP SET Part K” (Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.) was added in an amount of 0.05 part by weight of the polyol compound organic solvent solution and mixed for 90 seconds. After mixing, the mixture thus obtained is reduced to a diameter of 50 mm. , Height 50 mm. After filling the test mold production model (12 pieces) and crushing and hardening, it was left to cure for 15 minutes. The compressive strength of the cured mold was measured for each three pieces immediately after demolding and after 24 hours. Table 2 shows the average values of the compression strengths obtained.
[0020]
(Comparative Example 2)
100 parts by weight of Fremantle cinnabar as granular aggregate is put into a Shinagawa mixer at room temperature and stirred with a polyol compound organic solvent solution (trade name “PEP SET Part R-1600”, manufactured by Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.) 0.75 parts by weight, polyisocyanate compound organic solvent solution (trade name “PEP SET Part M”, manufactured by Hodogaya Ashland Co., Ltd.), and curing catalyst (trade name “PEP SET Part K”) And 5 parts by weight of the polyol compound organic solvent solution were added and mixed for 90 seconds. After mixing, the mixture thus obtained is 50 mm in diameter. , Height 50 mm. The test mold production model (12 pieces) was filled, and after hardening, it was allowed to stand for 15 minutes to be cured. The compressive strength of the cured mold was measured for each three pieces immediately after demolding and after 24 hours. Table 2 shows the average values of the compression strengths obtained.
[0021]
[Table 1]
[0022]
[Table 2]
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, as is apparent from the manufacturing method of the present invention shown in the above Tables 3 and 4 and the strength test results of the molds prepared by the conventional techniques, the manufacturing of the present invention is performed. The mold manufactured by the method has higher strength than the mold manufactured by the prior art, and in particular, it has excellent strength development at a relatively early stage of the casting process, so that the mold is greatly damaged and deformed. Can reduce or reduce the binder cost by reducing the amount of binder used to a level sufficient to obtain mold strength according to the prior art, and further reduce the pyrolytic gas As a result, there are effects such as reduction of casting defects and reduction of discharge of environmental pollutants.
Claims (4)
前記粒状骨材に、先ず所要量の5乃至60重量パーセントのA成分を添加して、一次攪拌混合し、その後、さらに残りのA成分および、B1成分もしくはB2成分を添加し、二次攪拌混合する工程を有すること、を特徴とする前記鋳造用鋳型の製造方法。A binder comprising an organic solvent solution (component A) mainly composed of a polyol compound and a polyisocyanate compound (component B 1 ) or an organic solvent solution (component B 2 ) mainly composed of a polyisocyanate compound is granular In a method for producing a casting mold, which is added to an aggregate, the resulting mixture is filled into a model, and then the mixture is solidified by contact with a gaseous or aerosol tertiary amine.
The granular aggregate, first by the addition of 5 to 60 weight percent of the A component of the required amount, the primary mixing and stirring the, then, further remaining component A and, by adding the component B1 or B2 components, secondary agitation It has a process to mix, The manufacturing method of the said casting mold characterized by the above-mentioned .
前記粒状骨材に、先ず所要量の5乃至60重量パーセントのA成分を添加して、一次攪拌混合し、その後、さらに残りのA成分、B1成分もしくはB2成分、および硬化触媒を添加し、二次攪拌混合する工程を有すること、を特徴とする前記鋳造用鋳型の製造方法。First, 5 to 60 weight percent of the required amount of component A is added to the granular aggregate, followed by primary stirring and mixing, and then the remaining component A, component B1 or component B2, and the curing catalyst are added. The method for producing a casting mold, comprising: a step of performing next stirring and mixing.
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