JP4032987B2 - In-vehicle air conditioner - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure of an in-vehicle air conditioner mounted on a cabin ceiling of a vehicle such as a construction machine, an industrial machine, or an agricultural machine, and particularly relates to a structure of an in-vehicle air conditioner that can distribute air from the front direction of the face during cooling. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
As this type of in-vehicle air conditioner, the present applicant has previously filed a description of the in-vehicle air conditioner described in Patent Document 1. This conventional apparatus has a structure in which air is distributed from four places on the side of the occupant during cooling.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-9-249020 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In order to further enhance the feeling during cooling, it is effective to distribute air from the front of the face. However, in the above-described conventional apparatus, since the cooling face duct is connected to the left and right of the air conditioner, the air flow from the front direction of the face becomes longer and the duct path becomes longer, resulting in a wind flow that makes a U-turn with respect to the blower. Therefore, there is a problem that the pressure loss of the blower system increases and the amount of blown air decreases.
[0005]
In addition, because the ceiling space is closer to the face due to the addition of a blow-off grill and duct, the feeling of pressure is increased and the comfort is worsened, and the face duct must be routed from the left and right, so control panels for radios and air conditioners, etc. There is also a problem that the mounting place of will be lost.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and its purpose is to realize air distribution from the front direction of the face with emphasis on the feeling during cooling, and to deteriorate the comfortability. An object of the present invention is to provide an in-vehicle air conditioner capable of reducing the size of an air conditioning unit so as not to hinder the mounting of a radio / air conditioner panel.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs technical means described in claims 1 to. That is, in the first aspect of the invention, the cooling heat exchanger (17) and the heating heat exchanger (18) are arranged side by side in the left-right direction of the vehicle, and the air downstream of the heating heat exchanger (18). One side is connected to an outlet duct (16) having a defroster heat outlet (29) for blowing air downward along the inner surface of the window glass (11) on the front of the vehicle. The air conditioning unit (14) is disposed at the foremost part of the ceiling of the passenger compartment, adjacent to the outlet duct (16), on the rear side of the passenger compartment with respect to the outlet duct (16). A face air outlet (28) that blows out air from the front direction of the face of the occupant (A) toward the inside is formed, and the air that has passed through the cold air bypass passage (24) immediately upstream of the face air outlet (28) Inflow, and the bifurcation Characterized in that the air and the face air outlet to flow into the air duct (16) of the mode switching door for adjusting the flow proportions of air which flows out to the (28) (26) provided rotatably.
[0008]
As a result, it is possible to realize air distribution from the front of the face with an emphasis on the feeling during cooling, and the cool air from the heat exchanger for cooling (17) immediately passes through the cold air bypass passage (24). Since it blows out from an exit (28), there is little pressure loss of a ventilation system, and it can increase the amount of blowing air.
[0009]
Moreover, since the cooling heat exchanger (17) and the heating heat exchanger (18) are arranged side by side in the vehicle left-right direction, the front-rear dimension of the air conditioning unit (14) can be suppressed, and the feeling of pressure can be eliminated. it can. In addition, the duct is only the blowout duct (16) routed forward from the air conditioning unit (14), and there is no duct on the left and right of the ceiling as in the prior art, and the air conditioning unit can be made compact. As a result, not only a sufficient space for mounting the radio (R), air conditioner panel (P), etc. can be secured, but also the comfort can be improved.
[0010]
Moreover, in invention of Claim 2, the hot water inflow part (18a) of the heat exchanger for heating (18) was provided in the blowing duct (16) side among the branches, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Thereby, the temperature of the air flowing out to the blowout duct (16) side having the defroster / heat blowout opening (29) becomes relatively high, and the face blowout opening (28 that blows air from the front direction of the face of the occupant (A)). ) When the temperature of the air flowing out to the side becomes relatively low, when the air is distributed from both the air outlets (28, 29) in the intermediate period such as spring or autumn, a temperature gradient suitable for head cold foot heat is obtained.
[0011]
Moreover, in invention of Claim 3, the bank part (the bank part which has a function which blows off the cold wind from a cold wind bypass channel | path (24) on the upper side in a face ventilation path (31) below the cold wind bypass channel | path (24) ( 30) and a face blower without restricting the flow of hot air along the wall in the face ventilation path (31) from the rear of the heating heat exchanger (18) to the face outlet (28). Air guide means (32) having a function to reach the cooling heat exchanger (17) side of the outlet (28) is provided , and thereby, hot air and cold air are well upstream of the face outlet (28). It is characterized by mixing to a uniform temperature .
[0012]
This is an improvement in the temperature distribution of the air distribution from the face outlet (28) while the inventors developed the on-vehicle air conditioner of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows the device of the present invention, and FIG. 6 shows the device of the present invention under development, both showing an intermediate period (bi-level) mode.
[0013]
As described above, when the temperature adjustment is performed by mixing the cold air that has passed through the cold air bypass passage (24) and the hot air heated by the heating heat exchanger (18), The hot air flows along the wall and approaches the right of the face outlet (28) in FIG. 6, and the cold air is pushed by the hot air and approaches the left of the face outlet (28). There was a problem that a temperature gradient occurred on the left and right of the outlet (CC plane).
[0014]
However, in the case of the present invention shown in FIG. 5, the air guide means (32) is provided in the face ventilation passage (31), so that the left side of the face outlet (28) does not flow along the wall. While reaching the back, by providing a bank part (30) below the cold air bypass passage (24), the cold air is brought to the upper side of the face ventilation path (31) to the right back of the face air outlet (28). As a result, the hot air and the cold air are well mixed in the upstream portion of the face air outlet (28), and the air is blown out from the face air outlet (28) at a uniform temperature.
[0015]
In addition, the code | symbol in the bracket | parenthesis of each said means is an example which shows a corresponding relationship with the specific means as described in embodiment mentioned later, The code | symbol which was not demonstrated in FIG. 6 also respond | corresponds with embodiment mentioned later. is there.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A is a plan view showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a side view thereof. The present invention relates to an in-vehicle air conditioner mounted on a vehicle such as a construction machine, an industrial machine, or an agricultural machine, and this embodiment shows an example applied to a cabin of a small special vehicle (for example, an agricultural tractor). is there. FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
[0017]
Reference numeral 10 is a vehicle outer panel, 11 is a window glass on the front of the vehicle, 12 is a window glass on the rear of the vehicle, 13 is an inner plate on the ceiling of the vehicle, 14 is an air conditioning unit, and 15 is a case of this unit 14. It is made of resin and can be connected to an outlet duct 16 to be described later. Although not shown in the figure, the case 15 is divided into an upper case and a lower case, and equipment such as an evaporator (cooling heat exchanger) 17 and a heater core (heating heat exchanger) 18 are contained therein. After being built in, the upper case and the lower case are integrally coupled by appropriate fastening means.
[0018]
The evaporator 17 is provided in a refrigeration cycle having a compressor driven by a vehicle engine (not shown), and cools the blown air by the latent heat of vaporization of the refrigerant. In addition, the heater core 18 heats the blown air using cooling water (hot water) of the vehicle engine as a heat source. In the ceiling part of the vehicle, the blowout duct 16 is disposed in the foremost part, and the air conditioning unit 14 is disposed adjacent to the rear side of the blowout duct 16.
[0019]
And the air blower 19 is arrange | positioned at the vehicle left-right direction side of the air-conditioning unit 14, and the left side in this example. The blower 19 has a configuration in which a well-known centrifugal multiblade fan is housed in a scroll casing, and the air outlet unit of the scroll casing is connected to the air upstream side (the vehicle left side) of the evaporator 17 in the air conditioning unit 14. Thus, the air blown from the fan flows into the air upstream side of the evaporator 17.
[0020]
In addition, an air intake passage 20 (see FIG. 1B) of the air conditioning unit 14 is formed using a space between the ceiling outer plate 10 and the ceiling inner plate 13 of the vehicle, and a scroll (not shown) is formed. The air intake port of the casing is disposed on the upper surface side and communicates with the air intake passage 20. The air intake channel 20 is formed entirely on the inner side of the ceiling portion outer plate 10, and an outside air introduction port 21 that introduces outside air and an inside air introduction that introduces inside air are introduced into the rearmost part thereof. A mouth 22 is arranged.
[0021]
Both the inside / outside air inlets 21, 22 are communicated / blocked to / from the air intake passage 20 by the inside / outside air switching door 23. In addition, both the inside and outside air inlets 21 and 22 are provided with filter members (not shown) for removing dust and the like in the air. The warm water circuit for circulating warm water through the heater core 18 is provided with a flow rate adjusting valve 24 for adjusting the warm water flow rate to the heater core 18 (see FIG. 2). In addition, the warm water inflow part 18a to the heater core 18 is provided on the outlet duct 16 side in a later-described branch.
[0022]
Next, the structure of the air conditioning unit 14 that is the main part of the present invention will be described including the control mechanism for the temperature of the air blown into the passenger compartment and the blow mode switching mechanism. First, the evaporator 17 and the heater core 18 are arranged side by side in the vehicle left-right direction. A cold air bypass passage 24 that bypasses the cold air cooled by the evaporator 17 is provided on the side of the heater core 18 (the vehicle rear side in the present embodiment). And the cold wind bypass door 25 which adjusts the opening degree of this cold wind bypass channel 24 is provided.
[0023]
Moreover, the air downstream side of the heater core 8 is branched into two. One side of the branch is connected to an outlet duct 16 provided with a defroster heat outlet 29 for blowing air downward along the inner surface of the window glass 11 on the front surface of the vehicle. The blowout duct 16 is formed by blow molding of a resin material or the like. A plurality (three in this example) of the air outlets 29 are arranged in the left-right direction of the vehicle, and the air blown from the air outlets 29 is directed downward along the inner surface of the window glass 11 on the front surface of the vehicle. Thus, it serves both as a foot outlet for causing warm air to reach the feet of the driver and as a defroster outlet for preventing the window glass 11 from fogging.
[0024]
The air outlet 29 is provided with a grill mechanism (see FIG. 1 (b)) that can shut off the cold air blow and adjust the blow direction by manual operation. The blowout duct 16 is disposed at the foremost part of the ceiling of the passenger compartment, and the air conditioning unit 14 is disposed adjacent to the rear side of the passenger compartment from the blowout duct 16.
[0025]
The other side of the branch is directed to the interior of the vehicle interior via a U-turned face ventilation path 31, and a tip is a face outlet 28 that blows air from the front direction of the face of the occupant A. The face air outlet 28 is also provided with a grill mechanism (see FIG. 1 (b)) that can shut off the air to be blown and adjust the air blowing direction by manual operation.
[0026]
Further, the air that has passed through the cold air bypass passage 24 flows immediately upstream of the face outlet 28. A bank portion 30 is provided on the lower side of the cold air bypass passage 24 (see A in FIG. 2), and an air guide 32 (32a to 32 in FIG. 32c). In addition, the bank part 30 and the air guide 32 are integrally molded with resin on the bottom surface side of the case 15 in this example.
[0027]
Further, a blowing mode switching door 26 is rotatably provided at the previous branch portion so as to adjust the air volume ratio between the air flowing out to the blowing duct 16 of the defroster heat and the air flowing out to the face outlet 28. It has become. The flow rate adjusting valve 24, the cold air bypass door 25 and the blow mode switching door 26 are the temperature / mode adjustment provided in the air conditioner operation panel P (see FIG. 1A) provided in the ceiling interior. It is connected to a member (manual operation member) and is operated in conjunction with manual operation of this temperature / mode adjustment member. Incidentally, R shown in FIG. 1A is a radio or the like mounted on the ceiling interior.
[0028]
Next, the operation in the above configuration will be described. FIG. 3 shows the maximum cooling (face) mode. By operating the compressor and the blower 19 of the refrigeration cycle, the refrigerant circulates in the evaporator 17 and the blown air (inside air or outside air) from the blower 19 blows to the evaporator 17. Then, the blown air is cooled by the evaporator 17 and becomes cold air. Here, as shown in FIG. 3, when the cold air bypass door 25 is operated to the fully open position of the cold air bypass passage 24, the flow rate adjusting valve 24 is operated to the fully closed position.
[0029]
The blowing mode switching door 26 is operated to a position where the face ventilation path 31 is fully opened and the flow path to the blowing duct 16 is fully opened. Accordingly, the cold air cooled by the evaporator 17 passes through the cold air bypass passage 24 and the heater core 18 and reaches the face outlet 28. Then, cool air is blown out from the face outlet 28 toward the face of the occupant A to cool the passenger compartment.
[0030]
In adjusting the temperature of the blown air in the cooling mode, since a small amount of hot water is circulated to the heater core 18 when the flow rate adjustment valve 24 is slightly opened, the air passing through the heater core 18 is heated to become hot air. Further, the amount of cold air passing through the cold air bypass passage 24 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the cold air bypass door 25. By mixing the cold air and the warm air that has passed through the heater core 18 in the face ventilation path 31, the temperature of the cold air that is blown out from the face outlet 28 into the vehicle compartment can be adjusted. In the maximum cooling mode, the circulation of the hot water to the heater core 18 is stopped by fully closing the flow rate adjusting valve 24 to prevent heat radiation into the cold air.
[0031]
Next, FIG. 4 shows a maximum heating (difference heat) mode. The cold air bypass door 25 is operated to a position where the cold air bypass passage 24 is fully closed. Thereby, since the whole quantity of the ventilation air of the air blower 19 passes the evaporator 17 and is heated by the heater core 18, it becomes a warm air, Therefore It will be in the maximum heating state. At this time, since the blowing mode switching door 26 is operated to a position where the face ventilation path 31 side is fully closed and the blowing duct 16 side is fully opened, all the hot air heated by the heater core 18 is blown out for the foot defroster. Blow out from 29 into the passenger compartment.
[0032]
The window glass 11 is defrosted from the foot / defroster air outlet 29, and warm air is allowed to reach the feet of the passenger A to cool the passenger compartment. In the heating mode, the compressor of the refrigeration cycle is stopped to stop the circulation of the refrigerant to the evaporator 17 to prevent cooling into the blown air, and the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve 24 is adjusted to adjust the heater core. The amount of hot water circulating to 18 is adjusted, and the temperature of the blown air is adjusted.
[0033]
Next, FIG. 5 shows a state of the bi-level mode used in an intermediate period such as spring or autumn. In this bi-level mode, the cold air bypass door 25 is operated to an intermediate opening position of the cold air bypass passage 24 with respect to the cooling / heating mode, and the blow mode switching door 26 is also connected to the blow duct 16 side and the face ventilation. It operates to the middle position with the road 31 side.
[0034]
Thereby, a part of the warm air heated through the heater core 18 flows toward the defroster / heat outlet 29 and a part of the warm air heated through the heater core 18 passes through the face ventilation path 31. The air is mixed with the cold air from the cold air bypass passage 24 and blown out from the face air outlet 28. Therefore, the temperature of the air blown out from the face blowout port 28 can be made lower than the temperature of the air blown out from the defroster / heat blowout port 29, and a comfortable temperature distribution of the head cold foot type can be formed in the vehicle interior. In this mode as well, the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve 24 is adjusted to adjust the circulation amount of the hot water to the heater core 18 to adjust the blown air temperature.
[0035]
By the way, with the above structure alone, the hot air heated through the heater core 18 flows along the wall and approaches the right side of the face outlet 28, and the cold air from the cold air bypass passage 24 is pushed by this hot air. As a result, it approaches the left of the face outlet 28 and a temperature gradient is generated on the left and right of the one outlet 28. Therefore, an air guide 32 is provided in the face ventilation path 31. Specifically, the air guides 32a and 32b restrict the flow of hot air, and the air guide 32c allows the hot air that has been squeezed to reach the back left side of the face outlet 28 without being along the wall.
[0036]
In addition, by providing a bank portion 30 (see FIG. 2A) on the lower side of the cold air bypass passage 24, the cold air from the cold air bypass passage 24 is blown out to the upper side in the face ventilation passage 31 and collides with the hot air. Is reduced to reach the right back of the face outlet 28. As a result, the hot air and the cold air are mixed well at the upstream portion of the face air outlet 28 to become a uniform temperature and blown out from the face air outlet 28.
[0037]
Next, features in the present embodiment will be described. The evaporator 17 and the heater core 18 are arranged side by side in the left-right direction of the vehicle, the air downstream side of the heater core 18 is branched into two, and air is blown downward on one side along the inner surface of the window glass 11 on the front surface of the vehicle. A blowout duct 16 having a defroster / heat blowout opening 29 is connected and arranged at the foremost part of the ceiling of the passenger compartment, and an air conditioning unit 14 is arranged on the rear side of the passenger compartment behind the blowout duct 16. The other side of the branch formed a face outlet 28 for blowing air from the front direction of the face of the occupant A toward the interior of the passenger compartment, and passed through the cold air bypass passage 24 immediately upstream of the face outlet 28. Air blow-in mode in which air flows in and further adjusts the air volume ratio between the air flowing out to the blow-out duct 16 and the air flowing out to the face blow-out port 28 at the branching portion. It is provided with a replacement for the door 26 to be rotatable.
[0038]
As a result, air distribution from the front direction of the face with emphasis on the feeling during cooling can be realized, and the cool air from the evaporator 17 blows out from the face air outlet 28 immediately after passing through the cool air bypass passage 24. The pressure loss is small and the amount of blown air can be increased.
[0039]
Further, since the evaporator 17 and the heater core 18 are arranged side by side in the vehicle left-right direction, the front-rear dimension of the air conditioning unit 14 can be suppressed, and the feeling of pressure can be eliminated. In addition, the duct is only the blowout duct 16 routed forward from the air conditioning unit 14, and there is no duct on the left and right of the ceiling as in the prior art, and the air conditioning unit can be made compact. Thereby, not only a sufficient space for mounting the radio R / air conditioner panel P and the like can be secured, but also the comfortability can be improved.
[0040]
Moreover, the warm water inflow part 18a of the heater core 18 is provided on the outlet duct 16 side in the branch. As a result, the temperature of the air flowing out toward the blowing duct 16 having the defroster / heat blowing outlet 29 becomes relatively high, and the temperature of the air flowing out toward the face outlet 28 that blows out air from the front direction of the face of the occupant A. Since the air temperature is relatively low, when the air is distributed from both the air outlets 28 and 29 in the intermediate period such as spring or autumn, the temperature gradient is suitable for head cold foot heat.
[0041]
Further, a bank portion 30 is provided below the cold air bypass passage 24, and an air guide 32 is provided in a face ventilation path 31 extending from the rear of the heater core 18 to the face air outlet 28. As a result, the warm air reaches the back left side of the face air outlet 28 without running along the wall, and the cool air is brought to the upper side of the face air passage 31 so as to reach the right back side of the face air outlet 28. The hot air and the cool air are mixed well at the upstream portion of the face air outlet 28 to obtain a uniform temperature and are blown out from the face air outlet 28.
[0042]
(Other embodiments)
In addition, in the above-mentioned embodiment, although the blowing duct 16 is comprised separately, it is needless to say that the blowing duct 16 part may be integrally formed in the resin case 15 of the air conditioning unit 14. Further, the configuration in the air conditioning unit 14 may be in a positional relationship that is symmetrical to the above-described embodiment. Moreover, although the door uses the plate door of the cantilever fulcrum in the above-mentioned embodiment, this invention is not restricted to this, You may comprise using another type of door.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1A is a plan view showing an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a side view thereof.
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view showing the maximum cooling (face) mode of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view showing the maximum heating (defroster heat) mode of the apparatus of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing an intermediate period (bi-level) mode of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view showing an intermediate (bilevel) mode of the device of the present invention under development.
[Explanation of symbols]
11 Window glass 14 Air conditioning unit 16 Blowout duct 17 Evaporator (heat exchanger for cooling)
18 Heater core (heat exchanger for heating)
18a Hot water inflow portion 24 Cold air bypass passage 25 Cold air bypass door 26 Air outlet mode switching door 28 Face air outlet 29 Defroster / heat air outlet 30 Bank portion 31 Face air passage 32 Air guide (air guide means)
A Crew

Claims (3)

The air conditioning unit (14) was installed on the ceiling portion on the front side of the passenger compartment, and the air conditioning unit (14) passed through the cooling heat exchanger (17) for cooling air and the cooling heat exchanger (17). A heating heat exchanger (18) for heating air is provided, and a cold air bypass passage (bypassing the cold air cooled by the cooling heat exchanger (17)) on the side of the heating heat exchanger (18) ( 24), and the opening degree of the cold air bypass passage (24) is adjusted by the cold air bypass door (25).
The cooling heat exchanger (17) and the heating heat exchanger (18) are arranged side by side in the vehicle left-right direction,
The air downstream side of the heating heat exchanger (18) is branched into two, and one side has a defroster heat outlet (outlet for blowing air downward along the inner surface of the window glass (11) on the front of the vehicle ( 29) and connecting the outlet duct (16) having the front part of the ceiling of the passenger compartment,
Adjacent to the blowout duct (16), the air conditioning unit (14) is arranged on the rear side of the passenger compartment from the blowout duct (16),
The other side of the branch forms a face outlet (28) that blows air from the front direction of the face of the occupant (A) toward the interior of the passenger compartment, and the cold air is immediately upstream of the face outlet (28). Air that has passed through the bypass passage (24) flows in,
Further, a blow mode switching door (26) for adjusting the air volume ratio between the air flowing out to the blowout duct (16) and the air flowing out to the face blowout port (28) is provided at the branch portion so as to be rotatable. An in-vehicle air conditioner characterized by that. The in-vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein a hot water inflow portion (18a) of the heating heat exchanger (18) is provided on the outlet duct (16) side of the branch. Provided on the lower side of the cold air bypass passage (24) is a bank portion (30) having a function of blowing cold air from the cold air bypass passage (24) upward in the face ventilation passage (31), and for heating The face air outlet (28) extends from the rear of the heat exchanger (18) to the face air outlet (28) without restricting the flow of the hot air along the wall. Air guide means (32) having a function of reaching the cooling heat exchanger (17) side is provided , and thereby, hot air and cold air are mixed well in the upstream portion of the face air outlet (28) to be uniform. The in-vehicle air conditioner according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature is high .

Images