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JP4033377B2 - Non-aqueous electrolyte battery - Google Patents
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JP4033377B2 - Non-aqueous electrolyte battery - Google Patents

Non-aqueous electrolyte battery Download PDF

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JP4033377B2
JP4033377B2 JP2001376933A JP2001376933A JP4033377B2 JP 4033377 B2 JP4033377 B2 JP 4033377B2 JP 2001376933 A JP2001376933 A JP 2001376933A JP 2001376933 A JP2001376933 A JP 2001376933A JP 4033377 B2 JP4033377 B2 JP 4033377B2
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positive electrode
foil
current collector
sus444
thickness
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JP2003178766A (en
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徹夫 川合
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Maxell Ltd
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Hitachi Maxell Energy Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、非水電解液電池に関し、さらに詳しくは、生産性が良好で、エネルギー密度が高く、かつ短絡の発生がない非水電解液電池に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
リチウム−二酸化マンガン電池などの非水電解液電池は、高容量で、かつ高電圧、高エネルギー密度であるなど、優れた特性を有しているが、通常、正極の集電体にはステンレス鋼製の平織り金網やエキスパンドメタルなどが用いられている。
【0003】
しかしながら、平織り網やエキスパンドメタルなどは、強度を保持するためには、ある程度の線の太さが必要なことや織り目があるため見かけの厚さが大きくなっていることなどから、薄い集電体とは成り得なかった。また、細線を織った形状であるので、電極の寸法に切断したときに、切り口がバリとなって短絡を引き起こす原因になっていた。これに対して、リチウムイオン電池では、一般に正極の集電体にアルミニウム箔を用い、負極の集電体に銅箔を用いているので、薄い電極を作製することができ、また、切り口がバリになることがないので、短絡の発生が少ないという利点がある。
【0004】
ステンレス鋼箔を集電体に用いることはこれまでにも試みられ、例えば特開昭56−109642号公報には、集電体に他の金属とともにステンレス鋼箔が使用可能であることが記載されている。また、特開平11−238514号公報、特開平11−238526号公報には、二次電池の集電体ではあるが、軽量化のためにステンレス鋼箔などの金属箔を0.5〜10μmの厚さで使用することが記載されている。
【0005】
しかしながら、ステンレス鋼は、材料自体の硬度が高い上に、加工硬化が大きく圧延しにくいため、箔を作製しにくいという問題があり、缶やエキスパンドメタルなどの比較的厚い形態で使用されるのが一般的であって、箔として電極の集電体に用いられることはなかった。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、上記のような事情に照らし、リチウム−二酸化マンガン電池などの非水電解液電池が本来持つ高エネルギー密度であることや安価な材料で構成できることなどの他の電池に比べて有利な点を有効に活用し、かつ上記短絡の発生や嵩高い集電体を使用しなければならなかったという問題点を解決し、生産性が良好で、エネルギー密度が大きく、かつ短絡の発生がない非水電解液電池を提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、正極の集電体として厚さが5〜20μmでかつ圧延、焼き鈍し後の強度が150〜200HvのSUS444箔を用い、正極缶および/または正極端子にSUS444を用いることによって、上記課題を解決したものである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明においては、正極の集電体として厚さが20μm以下でかつ圧延、焼き鈍し後の強度が200Hv以下のSUS444箔を用いるが、このSUS444箔を用いる理由は次の通りである。
【0009】
ステンレス鋼には、オーステナイト系、フェライト系のものなどがあり、SUS304やSUS316などが属するオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼が最も一般的であるが、SUS304やSUS316などのオーステナイト系のステンレス鋼は、加工硬化が大きく、圧延、焼き鈍しを何回も繰り返さないと薄い箔を得ることができず、工業的な利用価値は少ない。これに対して、フェライト系ステンレス鋼箔に属するSUS444は、オーステナイト系のステンレス鋼に比べて加工硬化が少なく柔軟で、比較的容易に薄い箔を作製することができ、比較的安価に箔を入手することができる。
【0010】
また、ステンレス鋼の硬度は、焼き鈍しによりコントロールすることが可能であるが、集電体が硬すぎると正極作製時の正極合剤含有ぺーストの塗布や作製後の正極をセパレータを介して負極と共に巻回する時に、箔が折れて、正極合剤の剥離や巻回ずれを生じるので、Hvで200以下であることが必要であり、Hv値がいくら小さくなってもよいが、通常Hv=150程度のものまでが実用的である。そして、上記集電体は基体としての作用を兼ねている。
【0011】
そして、SUS444箔の厚みを20μm以下にするのは、そのような薄いSUS444箔を集電体として用いることによって、エネルギー密度の向上や巻回の容易さなどを確保するためであり、そのような観点からはより薄い方が好ましいが、薄くなると箔自体の生産性が低下したり、強度が低下して正極作製時の正極合剤ぺーストの塗布時や巻回時に破損するおそれがあるので、SUS444箔の厚さは5μm以上が好ましく、特に6μm以上12μm以下が好ましい。
【0012】
また、正極の集電体としてSUS444箔を用いていると、正極缶や正極端子などに異なった材質の金属を用いた場合、局部腐食が発生するので、それらにもSUS444を用いることが必要である。
【0013】
正極は、上記SUS444箔からなる集電体に、通常、活物質、導電助剤、バインダーなどからなる正極合剤を溶剤に分散させた正極合剤含有ぺーストを塗布し、乾燥して正極合剤層を形成した後、プレスする工程を経由することによって作製される。そして、得られた正極を、負極、電解液、セパレータなどと共に用いて、非水電解液電池が構成される。
【0014】
上記正極の活物質としては、例えば、二酸化マンガン、フッ化黒鉛(カーボン)などが用いられる。
【0015】
そして、導電助剤としては、例えば、カーボンブラック、鱗片状黒鉛、ケッチェンブラック、アセチレンブラックなどが用いられ、バインダーとしては、例えば、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン、ポリフッ化ビニリデン、カルボキシメチルセルロース、スチレンブタジエンラバーなどが用いられる。
【0016】
上記正極合剤を分散させてぺーストにする溶剤としては、有機溶剤や水などが用いられる。
【0017】
負極は、例えば、金属リチウム、リチウム−アルミニウムで代表されるリチウム合金などを用いて作製され、電極体を巻回構造にする際には、上記金属リチウムやリチウム合金などをそのまま金属箔として用いるか、銅箔、ステンレス鋼箔などからなる集電体に圧着しておくことが好ましい。
【0018】
電解液は、有機溶媒などの非水溶媒に電解質塩を溶解させた通常の非水系の電解液が、液状のまま、またはそれをゲル化剤でゲル状に使用した状態で用いられるが、電解質塩としては、二酸化マンガンなどとの共存性からLiCF3 SO3 、LiC4 9 SO3 などのリチウムトリフレート、(CH3 SO2 2 NLi、(C2 5 SO2 2 NLiなどのリチウムイミド塩などが好ましい。
【0019】
セパレータとしては、正極の集電体としてSUS444箔を用いるので、バリによる短絡の発生を防止することができることから、薄い微孔性樹脂フィルムや不織布などを用いることができる。
【0020】
【実施例】
つぎに、実施例を挙げて本発明をより具体的に説明する。ただし、本発明はそれらの実施例のみに限定されるものではない。
【0021】
実施例1
この実施例1では、正極の集電体として厚さ12μmでかつ圧延、焼き鈍し後の硬度(以下、この「圧延、焼き鈍し後の硬度」を簡略化して「硬度」のみで示す)がHv180のSUS444箔を用い、正極缶にもSUS444を用いて、以下に示すように非水電解液電池を作製した。
【0022】
すなわち、正極活物質としての二酸化マンガンと導電助剤としてのカーボンブラックとバインダーとしてのポリテトラフルオロエチレンおよびカルボキシメチルセルロースとを90:5:4:1の質量比率で混合した正極合剤を水に分散させて混合ぺーストを調製し、その混合ぺーストを前記の厚さ12μmでHv200以下のSUS444箔からなる集電体に塗布し、乾燥して正極合剤層を形成した後、プレスしてシート状の正極を作製した。ここで、上記正極を図1に基づき説明すると、正極1は集電体1a上に正極活物質としての二酸化マンガンと導電助剤としてのカーボンブラックとバインダーとしてのポリテトラフルオロエチレンおよびカルボキシメチルセルロースとの混合物からなる正極合剤層1bを形成することによって構成され、この実施例1においては、上記集電体1aとして厚さ12μmでかつ硬度がHv180のSUS444箔が用いられている。
【0023】
負極には金属リチウム箔を用い、セパレータには厚さ0.35mmのポリエチレン不織布を用い、前記正極と負極とをセパレータを介して重ね、渦巻状に巻回して巻回構造の電極体とした後、SUS444製で有底円筒状の正極缶内に充填し、正極リード体および負極リード体のスポット溶接を行った。
【0024】
電解液としてはプロピレンカーボネートと1,2−ジメトキシエタンとの体積比1:1の混合溶媒にLiCF3 SO3 を0.5mol/l溶解させたものを用い、これを上記電池ケース内に2.5ml注入した。
【0025】
つぎに、常法にしたがって、電池ケースの開口部を封口し、図2に示す構造の筒形の非水電解液電池を作製した。
【0026】
図2に示す電池について説明すると、1は前記の正極であり、2は負極であり、この負極2は金属リチウム箔をステンレス鋼製網に圧着することによって作製されている。
【0027】
ただし、図2では、繁雑化を避けるため、正極1の作製にあたって使用した集電体や負極2の作製にあたって使用したステンレス鋼製網などは図示していない。そして、3はセパレータで、4は上記の電解液である。
【0028】
5はSUS444製の正極缶であり、この正極缶5の底部にはポリテトラフルオロエチレンシートからなる絶縁体6が配置され、正極缶5の内周部にもポリテトラフルオロエチレンシートからなる絶縁体7が配設されていて、前記正極1、負極2およびセパレータ3からなる巻回構造の電極体や、電解液4などは、この正極缶5内に収容されている。
【0029】
8はステンレス鋼製の封口板であり、この封口板8の中央部にはガス通気孔8aが設けられている。9はポリプロピレン製の環状パッキング、10はチタン製の可撓性薄板で、11は環状のポリプロピレン製の熱変形部材である。
【0030】
上記の熱変形部材11は温度によって変形することにより、可撓性薄板10の破壊圧力を変える作用をする。
【0031】
12はニッケルメッキを施した圧延鋼製の端子板であり、この端子板12には切刃12aとガス排出孔12bが設けられていて、電池内部にガスが発生して、電池の内部圧力が上昇し、その内圧上昇によって可撓性薄板10が変形したときに、上記切刃12aによって可撓性薄板10を破壊し、電池内部のガスを上記ガス排出孔12bから電池外部に排出できるように設計されている。
【0032】
13は絶縁パッキングで、14はリード体であり、このリード体14は負極2と封口板8とを電気的に接続しており、端子板12は封口板8との接触により負極端子として作用する。また、15は正極1と正極缶5とを電気的に接続するリード体である。
【0033】
実施例2
正極の集電体として厚さ6μmでかつ硬度がHv180のSUS444箔を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解液電池を作製した。
【0034】
実施例3
正極の集電体として厚さ10μmでかつ硬度がHv180のSUS444箔を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解液電池を作製した。
【0035】
実施例4
正極の集電体として厚さ20μmでかつ硬度がHv180のSUS444箔を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解液電池を作製した。
【0036】
比較例1
正極の集電体として厚さ10μmでかつ硬度がHv180のSUS316箔を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解液電池を作製した。
【0037】
比較例2
正極の集電体として厚さ10μmでかつ硬度がHv180のSUS304箔を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解液電池を作製した。
【0038】
比較例3
正極の集電体として厚さ3μmでかつ硬度がHv180のSUS444箔を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解液電池を作製した。
【0039】
比較例4
正極の集電体として厚さ10μmでかつ硬度がHv300のSUS444箔を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解液電池を作製した。
【0040】
比較例5
正極の集電体として厚さ800μmでかつ硬度がHv180のSUS444製ラス網(エキスパンドメタル)を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解液電池を作製した。
【0041】
比較例6
正極の集電体として厚さ500μmでかつ硬度がHv180のSUS444製の平織り金網を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様に非水電解液電池を作製した。
【0042】
上記実施例1〜4および比較例1〜6の電池を20℃、負荷3mAで終止電圧2.0Vまで放電させて放電容量を測定した。その結果を表1に示す。
【0043】
また、実施例1〜4および比較例1〜6の電池について、10日間放置後の開路電圧低下から短絡(3.0V未満のものを短絡とみなす)の発生率を求めた。その結果も表1に示す。なお、表1において、正極の集電体が箔の場合は、その種類をSUS番号で示し、ラス網や平織り金網の場合には、その旨をSUS番号の欄に示している。
【0044】
【表1】

Figure 0004033377
【0045】
表1に示す結果から明らかなように、実施例1〜4の電池は、放電容量が大きく、したがって、エネルギー密度が高く、かつ短絡の発生がなかった。これは、実施例1〜4の電池では、正極の集電体として厚さ20μm以下でかつ硬度がHv180のSUS444箔を用い、かつ正極缶としてSUS444で構成したものを用いたことに基いている。
【0046】
これに対して、正極の集電体としてオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼であるSUS316やSUS304の箔を用いた比較例1〜2の電池は、放電容量が大きく、かつ短絡の発生がないという点では、実施例1〜4の電池と同様であったが、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼の加工硬化が大きいため、厚さ10μmの箔を作製するのに焼き鈍しを何回も繰り返さなければならず、そのため、生産性に欠けていた。また、正極の集電体として厚さ3μmでかつ硬度がHv180のSUS444箔を用いた比較例3の電池も、放電容量の大きさや短絡の発生防止に関しては何ら問題がなかったが、そのような3μmという極めて薄い箔を作製することは、たとえ材質がSUS444であるとはいえ、焼き鈍しを何回も繰り返さなければならず、比較例1〜2の電池の場合と同様に生産性に欠けていた。
【0047】
また、厚さは10μmであるが硬度がHv300と高いSUS444箔を正極の集電体として用いた比較例4の電池は、集電体が硬いために巻回時の作業性が悪く、かつ、短絡が発生した。
【0048】
そして、正極の集電体としてラス網(エキスパンドメタル)や平織り金網を用いた比較例5〜6の電池は、短絡の発生が認められた。
【0049】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明では、生産性が良好で、エネルギー密度が高く、かつ短絡の発生がない非水電解液電池を提供することができた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】実施例1の非水電解液電池における正極の要部を拡大して模式的に示す断面図である。
【図2】実施例1の非水電解液電池を模式的に示す断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 正極
1a 集電体
1b 正極合剤層
2 負極
3 セパレータ
5 正極缶[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte battery, and more particularly to a non-aqueous electrolyte battery having good productivity, high energy density, and no occurrence of a short circuit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Nonaqueous electrolyte batteries such as lithium-manganese dioxide batteries have excellent characteristics such as high capacity, high voltage, and high energy density. Made of plain metal mesh, expanded metal, etc. are used.
[0003]
However, plain current meshes and expanded metal are thin current collectors because they require a certain amount of line thickness to maintain strength, and the apparent thickness is increased due to the texture. It was not possible. Further, since the shape is a woven thin wire, when the electrode is cut into dimensions, the cut edge becomes a burr, causing a short circuit. In contrast, in lithium ion batteries, an aluminum foil is generally used for the positive electrode current collector and a copper foil is used for the negative electrode current collector, so that a thin electrode can be produced and the cut end has a variability. Therefore, there is an advantage that the occurrence of a short circuit is small.
[0004]
The use of stainless steel foil as a current collector has been attempted so far. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-109642 describes that stainless steel foil can be used together with other metals for the current collector. ing. Moreover, in JP-A-11-238514 and JP-A-11-238526, although it is a current collector of a secondary battery, a metal foil such as a stainless steel foil is made 0.5 to 10 μm in order to reduce the weight. The use in thickness is described.
[0005]
However, stainless steel has a problem that it is difficult to produce foil because the hardness of the material itself is high and the work hardening is large and difficult to roll, and it is used in a relatively thick form such as a can or an expanded metal. It was common and was not used as a foil for an electrode current collector.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In light of the above circumstances, the present invention has advantages over other batteries such as the high energy density inherent in non-aqueous electrolyte batteries such as lithium-manganese dioxide batteries and the fact that they can be composed of inexpensive materials. This effectively solves the problems of short circuit and the need to use a bulky current collector. Good productivity, high energy density, and no short circuit. It aims at providing a nonaqueous electrolyte battery.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention uses a SUS444 foil having a thickness of 5 to 20 μm as a positive electrode current collector and a strength of 150 to 200 Hv after rolling and annealing, and using SUS444 in a positive electrode can and / or a positive electrode terminal, thereby achieving the above-described problem. Is a solution.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, a SUS444 foil having a thickness of 20 μm or less and a strength after rolling and annealing of 200 Hv or less is used as a positive electrode current collector. The reason for using this SUS444 foil is as follows.
[0009]
There are austenitic and ferritic stainless steels, and austenitic stainless steels such as SUS304 and SUS316 are the most common, but austenitic stainless steels such as SUS304 and SUS316 have a large work hardening. If the rolling and annealing are not repeated many times, a thin foil cannot be obtained, and the industrial utility value is small. On the other hand, SUS444, which belongs to ferritic stainless steel foil, has less work hardening compared to austenitic stainless steel, is flexible, and can produce a thin foil relatively easily. can do.
[0010]
The hardness of stainless steel can be controlled by annealing, but if the current collector is too hard, the positive electrode mixture-containing paste applied during the production of the positive electrode and the produced positive electrode together with the negative electrode through the separator When winding, the foil breaks, and the positive electrode mixture is peeled off or wound. Therefore, it is necessary that the Hv is 200 or less, and the Hv value may be small, but usually Hv = 150. To the extent of practicality is practical. The current collector also serves as a substrate.
[0011]
The reason why the thickness of the SUS444 foil is set to 20 μm or less is to ensure improvement in energy density, ease of winding, and the like by using such a thin SUS444 foil as a current collector. From the point of view, the thinner one is preferable, but if it becomes thinner, the productivity of the foil itself may decrease, or the strength may decrease and damage may occur during the application of the positive electrode mixture paste during winding of the positive electrode or during winding. The thickness of the SUS444 foil is preferably 5 μm or more, and particularly preferably 6 μm or more and 12 μm or less.
[0012]
In addition, when SUS444 foil is used as the current collector of the positive electrode, when a metal of a different material is used for the positive electrode can and the positive electrode terminal, local corrosion occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to use SUS444 also for them. is there.
[0013]
For the positive electrode, a paste containing a positive electrode mixture in which a positive electrode mixture consisting of an active material, a conductive additive, a binder and the like is usually dispersed in a solvent is applied to the current collector made of the SUS444 foil, and dried to form a positive electrode mixture. After forming the agent layer, it is manufactured by going through a pressing step. And the non-aqueous electrolyte battery is comprised using the obtained positive electrode with a negative electrode, electrolyte solution, a separator, etc.
[0014]
Examples of the active material for the positive electrode include manganese dioxide and graphite fluoride (carbon).
[0015]
For example, carbon black, flaky graphite, ketjen black, acetylene black and the like are used as the conductive assistant, and examples of the binder include polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, carboxymethyl cellulose, styrene butadiene rubber, and the like. Is used.
[0016]
An organic solvent, water, or the like is used as a solvent for dispersing the positive electrode mixture to make a paste.
[0017]
The negative electrode is produced using, for example, metallic lithium, a lithium alloy typified by lithium-aluminum, etc. When the electrode body is wound, whether the metallic lithium or the lithium alloy is used as a metallic foil as it is. It is preferable to press-bond to a current collector made of copper foil, stainless steel foil or the like.
[0018]
The electrolyte is a normal non-aqueous electrolyte in which an electrolyte salt is dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent such as an organic solvent. The electrolyte is used in a liquid state or in a gel state with a gelling agent. Examples of the salt include lithium triflate such as LiCF 3 SO 3 and LiC 4 F 9 SO 3 , (CH 3 SO 2 ) 2 NLi, (C 2 H 5 SO 2 ) 2 NLi and the like due to coexistence with manganese dioxide and the like. Lithium imide salt and the like are preferable.
[0019]
As the separator, since SUS444 foil is used as the positive electrode current collector, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of a short circuit due to burrs, so that a thin microporous resin film, a nonwoven fabric, or the like can be used.
[0020]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, this invention is not limited only to those Examples.
[0021]
Example 1
In Example 1, SUS444 having a thickness of 12 μm as a positive electrode current collector and having hardness after rolling and annealing (hereinafter, this “hardness after rolling and annealing” is simply indicated as “hardness”) is Hv180. A non-aqueous electrolyte battery was produced as shown below using foil and SUS444 for the positive electrode can.
[0022]
That is, a positive electrode mixture in which manganese dioxide as a positive electrode active material, carbon black as a conductive additive, and polytetrafluoroethylene and carboxymethyl cellulose as a binder are mixed at a mass ratio of 90: 5: 4: 1 is dispersed in water. A mixed paste is prepared, and the mixed paste is applied to a current collector made of SUS444 foil having a thickness of 12 μm and Hv of 200 or less, dried to form a positive electrode mixture layer, and then pressed to form a sheet. A positive electrode was produced. Here, the positive electrode will be described with reference to FIG. 1. The positive electrode 1 is composed of manganese dioxide as a positive electrode active material, carbon black as a conductive additive, polytetrafluoroethylene and carboxymethyl cellulose as a binder on a current collector 1a. In this Example 1, a SUS444 foil having a thickness of 12 μm and a hardness of Hv180 is used as the current collector 1a.
[0023]
After using a metallic lithium foil for the negative electrode and a polyethylene non-woven fabric having a thickness of 0.35 mm for the separator, the positive electrode and the negative electrode are stacked through the separator and wound into a spiral shape to obtain a wound electrode body The sample was filled into a bottomed cylindrical positive electrode can made of SUS444, and spot welding of the positive electrode lead body and the negative electrode lead body was performed.
[0024]
As the electrolytic solution, a solution obtained by dissolving 0.5 mol / l of LiCF 3 SO 3 in a mixed solvent of propylene carbonate and 1,2-dimethoxyethane in a volume ratio of 1: 1 is used. 5 ml was injected.
[0025]
Next, according to a conventional method, the opening of the battery case was sealed, and a cylindrical nonaqueous electrolyte battery having a structure shown in FIG. 2 was produced.
[0026]
The battery shown in FIG. 2 will be described. Reference numeral 1 denotes the positive electrode, 2 denotes a negative electrode, and the negative electrode 2 is manufactured by pressing a metal lithium foil onto a stainless steel net.
[0027]
However, in FIG. 2, in order to avoid complication, the current collector used for manufacturing the positive electrode 1 and the stainless steel net used for manufacturing the negative electrode 2 are not shown. And 3 is a separator and 4 is said electrolyte solution.
[0028]
Reference numeral 5 denotes a positive electrode can made of SUS444. An insulator 6 made of a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet is disposed at the bottom of the positive electrode can 5, and an insulator made of a polytetrafluoroethylene sheet is also formed on the inner periphery of the positive electrode can 5. 7 is disposed, and an electrode body having a winding structure including the positive electrode 1, the negative electrode 2, and the separator 3, the electrolytic solution 4, and the like are accommodated in the positive electrode can 5.
[0029]
Reference numeral 8 denotes a stainless steel sealing plate, and a gas vent hole 8 a is provided at the center of the sealing plate 8. 9 is an annular packing made of polypropylene, 10 is a flexible thin plate made of titanium, and 11 is a heat deformation member made of an annular polypropylene.
[0030]
The heat deformable member 11 has an action of changing the breaking pressure of the flexible thin plate 10 by being deformed by temperature.
[0031]
Reference numeral 12 is a nickel-plated rolled steel terminal plate. The terminal plate 12 is provided with a cutting edge 12a and a gas discharge hole 12b. Gas is generated inside the battery, and the internal pressure of the battery is reduced. When the flexible thin plate 10 is deformed due to the rising internal pressure, the flexible thin plate 10 is broken by the cutting blade 12a so that the gas inside the battery can be discharged from the gas discharge hole 12b to the outside of the battery. Designed.
[0032]
Reference numeral 13 denotes an insulating packing, and reference numeral 14 denotes a lead body. The lead body 14 electrically connects the negative electrode 2 and the sealing plate 8, and the terminal plate 12 acts as a negative electrode terminal by contact with the sealing plate 8. . Reference numeral 15 denotes a lead body that electrically connects the positive electrode 1 and the positive electrode can 5.
[0033]
Example 2
A nonaqueous electrolyte battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a SUS444 foil having a thickness of 6 μm and a hardness of Hv180 was used as the positive electrode current collector.
[0034]
Example 3
A nonaqueous electrolyte battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a SUS444 foil having a thickness of 10 μm and a hardness of Hv180 was used as the positive electrode current collector.
[0035]
Example 4
A nonaqueous electrolyte battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a SUS444 foil having a thickness of 20 μm and a hardness of Hv180 was used as the positive electrode current collector.
[0036]
Comparative Example 1
A nonaqueous electrolyte battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a SUS316 foil having a thickness of 10 μm and a hardness of Hv180 was used as the positive electrode current collector.
[0037]
Comparative Example 2
A nonaqueous electrolyte battery was fabricated in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a SUS304 foil having a thickness of 10 μm and a hardness of Hv180 was used as the positive electrode current collector.
[0038]
Comparative Example 3
A nonaqueous electrolyte battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a SUS444 foil having a thickness of 3 μm and a hardness of Hv180 was used as the positive electrode current collector.
[0039]
Comparative Example 4
A nonaqueous electrolyte battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a SUS444 foil having a thickness of 10 μm and a hardness of Hv300 was used as the positive electrode current collector.
[0040]
Comparative Example 5
A nonaqueous electrolyte battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a SUS444 lath net (expanded metal) having a thickness of 800 μm and a hardness of Hv180 was used as the positive electrode current collector.
[0041]
Comparative Example 6
A nonaqueous electrolyte battery was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a SUS444 plain woven wire mesh having a thickness of 500 μm and a hardness of Hv180 was used as the positive electrode current collector.
[0042]
The batteries of Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 6 were discharged to a final voltage of 2.0 V at 20 ° C. and a load of 3 mA, and the discharge capacity was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0043]
Moreover, about the battery of Examples 1-4 and Comparative Examples 1-6, the incidence rate of the short circuit (a thing less than 3.0V is considered as a short circuit) was calculated | required from the open circuit voltage fall after being left for 10 days. The results are also shown in Table 1. In Table 1, when the positive electrode current collector is a foil, the type is indicated by an SUS number, and when it is a lath net or a plain weave metal net, this is indicated in the SUS number column.
[0044]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004033377
[0045]
As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, the batteries of Examples 1 to 4 had a large discharge capacity, and therefore had a high energy density and no short circuit. This is based on the fact that in the batteries of Examples 1 to 4, SUS444 foil having a thickness of 20 μm or less and a hardness of Hv180 was used as the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode can was made of SUS444. .
[0046]
On the other hand, the batteries of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 using SUS316 or SUS304 foil, which is austenitic stainless steel, as the positive electrode current collector have a large discharge capacity and no short circuit occurs. Although it was the same as that of the battery of Examples 1-4, since work hardening of austenitic stainless steel is large, it has to repeat annealing many times in order to produce foil with a thickness of 10 μm. It was missing. Further, the battery of Comparative Example 3 using the SUS444 foil having a thickness of 3 μm and the hardness of Hv180 as the positive electrode current collector also had no problem with respect to the magnitude of the discharge capacity and the prevention of the occurrence of a short circuit. In order to produce a very thin foil of 3 μm, annealing must be repeated many times even though the material is SUS444, and productivity was lacking as in the case of the batteries of Comparative Examples 1 and 2. .
[0047]
Further, the battery of Comparative Example 4 using a SUS444 foil having a thickness of 10 μm but a hardness of Hv300 and high as the positive electrode current collector had poor workability during winding because the current collector was hard, and A short circuit occurred.
[0048]
And the generation | occurrence | production of a short circuit was recognized by the battery of Comparative Examples 5-6 using the lath net | network (expanded metal) and the plain-weave metal net | network as a collector of a positive electrode.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it was possible to provide a nonaqueous electrolyte battery that has good productivity, high energy density, and no short circuit.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an enlarged main part of a positive electrode in a nonaqueous electrolyte battery of Example 1. FIG.
2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a non-aqueous electrolyte battery of Example 1. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Positive electrode 1a Current collector 1b Positive electrode mixture layer 2 Negative electrode 3 Separator 5 Positive electrode can

Claims (2)

正極の集電体として厚さ5〜20μmかつ圧延、焼き鈍し後の強度が150〜200HvSUS444箔を用い、正極缶および/または正極端子にSUS444を用いたことを特徴とする非水電解液電池。And rolling thick. 5 to 20 [mu] m as a current collector for the positive electrode, strength using SUS444 foil 150 to 200 Hv after annealing, the positive electrode can and / or a non-aqueous electrolyte solution, characterized in that using SUS444 to the positive terminal battery. 正極の集電体としてのSUS444箔の厚みが6μm以上12μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1記載の非水電解液電池。The nonaqueous electrolyte battery according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the SUS444 foil as a current collector of the positive electrode is 6 μm or more and 12 μm or less.
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