JP4033454B2

JP4033454B2 - Deodorant type foreign matter sorting machine

Info

Publication number: JP4033454B2
Application number: JP2002320447A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 輝彦吉田; 芳孝東郷; 力渋谷; 隆茶木; 重義木村
Original assignee: Kajima Corp
Current assignee: Kajima Corp
Priority date: 2002-11-01
Filing date: 2002-11-01
Publication date: 2008-01-16
Anticipated expiration: 2022-11-01
Also published as: JP2004154624A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は防臭型異物分別機に関し、とくに臭気の外部への漏出を抑えつつ有機物中に混入したプラスチックや金属片、木片等の異物を分離する異物分別機に関する。本発明は、例えば生ごみ廃棄物から肥料、飼料、電力エネルギー、熱エネルギー等の有価資源を回収するシステムの前処理に利用することができる。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般家庭やホテル・レストランの厨房から排出される生ごみ廃棄物、食品工場や店舗等から排出される食品残さ、農業・畜産・水産・林業における生産・加工施設等から排出される動植物性残さ等の生物由来の有機性廃棄物は、従来は焼却や埋め立て処分されていたが、最近では資源・環境上の観点から肥料、飼料、電力エネルギー、熱エネルギー等の有価資源を回収できる再資源化材料として注目されている。但し、有機性廃棄物中にはプラスチックや金属片、木片等の異物が混入している場合があり、有機性廃棄物の再資源化を図るためには有機物中に混入した異物を分別する必要がある。また、有機性廃棄物中の有機物の大きさや形状は様々であり、再資源化に際して適当な粒度及び濃度に調整する必要がある。
【０００３】
有機性廃棄物から異物を分別する装置として、特許文献１及び２は、例えばプラスチックや紙製の容器や袋等（包材）に包まれた廃棄食品等を、包材と廃棄食品本体とに分離すると共に食品本体をスラリー状に粉砕する異物分離装置を開示する。また特許文献３は、大量の有機性廃棄物の異物分別とスラリー化とを連続的に処理できる異物分離装置を開示する。
【０００４】
特許文献３の開示する異物分離装置の一例を図８から図１１に示す。図示例の異物分離装置1aは、断面の一部分が弧状である周壁３（弧状底壁3aと非弧状頂壁3bとからなる。図１０及び１１参照）を有する筒体２、弧状底壁3aの中心軸線に沿って延びる回転軸５、回転軸５に固定され弧状底壁3aに摺動可能な突端縁７を有し且つ回転軸５に沿って延びる複数の板状羽根６（図９の6a、6b、6c、6d参照。以下、回転翼ということがある。）、筒体２の弧状底壁3aに穿った複数の貫通細孔10、筒体２の非弧状頂壁3bと回転翼６の突端縁７との間に形成され筒体長手方向に延びる空気流路12、空気流路12内の空気流Ｇ（図１０参照）を筒体長手方向に案内する導風板15、及び筒体周壁３の気流上流との対向部位に筒体２の中心軸線と交差する向きに穿った有機性廃棄物Ａの取入口16を備えている。
【０００５】
取入口16から筒体２内に投入された有機性廃棄物Ａは、回転翼６の回転により砕かれて有機物Ｃと異物Ｂとに分離される。分離された異物Ｂは、回転翼６の回転より生じた空気流Ｇにより気流下流側の排出口18から筒体２外へ搬出される。この空気流Ｇは、例えば筒体２の取入口16側端面の給気孔11から取り入れた空気を回転翼６の回転により空気流路12内へ送り、導風板15で案内することにより形成される。異物分離後の有機物Ｃは、回転翼６の突端縁７の弧状底壁3aに沿った摺動により細かく粉砕されて細孔10から排出される。
【０００６】
図示例の異物分離装置1aは、回転軸５と交差する向き、即ち回転翼６の回転向きに廃棄物Ａを投入するので、回転翼６の回転が有機性廃棄物Ａを取り込むように働き、有機性廃棄物Ａを筒体２内へ連続的に取り入れることができる。また図１１に示すように、取入口16を筒体周壁３の回転軸５の直上部位から回転翼６の回転方向（矢印Ｅで示す方向）にずらすことにより、有機性廃棄物Ａを一層スムーズに筒体２内へ取り入れることができる。例えば取入口16の上部に有機性廃棄物Ａを貯留するホッパー13を設置し、大量の有機性廃棄物Ａを連続的に筒体２内へ取り入れることができる。
【０００７】
また図９及び１０に示すように、各回転翼６の表面の取入口16と対向する部位に回転軸５と交差する向きのカッターフィン部材20を取り付けることにより、有機物Ｃと異物Ｂとの分別効率を高めることができる。有機性廃棄物Ａが袋詰等である場合は、筒体２への投入時又は筒体２内の攪拌時にカッターフィン部材20の端縁21により有機性廃棄物Ａ中の袋や容器を破砕できるので、有機性廃棄物Ａの分別が促進される。カッターフィン部材20の弧状底壁3aと対向する端縁21を鋸歯状に形成することにより、破袋効果を更に高めることができる。
【０００８】
【特許文献１】
特開２０００−１６７４２６号公報
【特許文献２】
特開２００２−０７９２３１号公報
【特許文献３】
特開２００２−１７７８８８号公報
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、従来の異物分離装置1aを実際に稼動する際には、以下の点が問題となる。
【００１０】
（１）異物分離装置1aは、有機性廃棄物Ａと接触してかなりの臭気を含んだ空気流Ｇが異物Ｂと共に排出口18から排出されるので、周辺の臭気が作業上及び環境上の問題となり、臭気対策を別途必要とする場合がある。また、筒体２の細孔10から排出されるスラリー状の有機物Ｃや排出口18から排出される異物Ｂも、従来は容器やベルトコンベヤー等で回収していたため、臭気の漏洩が問題となっている。労働衛生面や環境上の観点から臭気の漏洩を防止できる装置の開発が求められている。
【００１１】
これに対し特許文献２は、図１２に示すように、筒体２の排出口18に高密度材（例えば金属等）の選択手段70と気体サイクロン手段73とを接続し、送風機76付きエア帰還系75により気体サイクロン手段73のエア排出口73aと筒体２の取入口16の近傍とを連繋した異物分離装置1bを提案している。筒体２の排出口18から排出される空気流Ｇを高密度材選択手段70・気体サイクロン手段73・送風機76・エア帰還系75を介して筒体２の取入口16へ戻して再循環させることにより、臭気を含むエアの雰囲気中へ放出を防止する（特許文献２の段落0011〜0012）。しかし特許文献２は、気体サイクロン手段73による空気流Ｇの圧力損失が大きいため送風機76でかなりの風量の循環空気流Ｇを作る必要があり、筒体２内で空気流Ｇの風量が大きくなり過ぎて有機物Ｃと異物Ｂとの効率的な分別が難しくなる場合がある。有機物Ｃと異物Ｂとを効率的に分別しつつ臭気の漏洩を防止できる技術の開発が必要である。
【００１２】
（２）有機性廃棄物Ａ中には、例えばインスタント麺類や海苔等のように水分が極端に少ないものや重量が軽いものが含まれている場合がある。軽量の有機物Ｃは空気流Ｇによって異物Ｂと分離することが難しく、一部が異物Ｂと共に排出口18から排出されること（以下、ショートパスということがある。）が経験された。また、有機性廃棄物Ａ中に粘り気のあるご飯や餅類等が含まれている場合は、粘り気のある有機物Ｃが筒体２の細孔10を詰まらせて処理量を低下させることがある。更に、寒冷地において凍結物が多く含まれている場合は、回転翼６の回転で凍結物を粉砕することができず、回転翼６の負荷が大きくなって分別が不充分となり、回転翼６に異常トルクがかかり運転が停止することもある。不充分な分別は分別後の有機物Ｃや異物Ｂの再資源化処理の障害となるため、有機性廃棄物Ａの一層効率的な分別が求められている。
【００１３】
そこで本発明の目的は、臭気を外部に漏らさずに有機物と異物とを効率的に分別できる防臭型の異物分別機を提供することにある。
【００１４】
【課題を解決するための手段】
図１、図２、及び図３（Ａ）の実施例を参照するに、本発明の防臭型異物分別機は、長手方向一端に吸気口41が穿たれると共に他端の底壁3aに排出口18が穿たれた水平な筒体２、筒体２の底壁3aの一端と排出口18との間に穿った細孔10の群、筒体２の内側の長手方向軸線上の回転軸５に固定され半径方向突端が筒体底壁3aに微小間隙を介して対向する回転翼６（図２及び３参照）、回転翼６の回転域と筒体頂壁3bとの間に形成した空気流路12（図３参照）、筒体頂壁3bに取り付けられ空気流路12内の空気流Ｇを回転翼６の回転軸５と交差する向きに案内する導風板15、筒体頂壁3bの空気流Ｇの上流との対向部位に回転軸５と交差する向きに穿った異物混入有機物Ａの取入口16、細孔10の群の下方に気密に連なる有機物ホッパー44、排出口18の下方に気密に連なり且つストレーナ50付き排気口42を有する異物ホッパー51、排気口42と吸気口41とを筒体２の外側で気密に連通する通気管43、及び回転軸５又は回転翼６の吸気口41側端に取り付けられ回転軸５の回転時に異物ホッパー51内の空気を排気口42と通気管43と吸気口41とを介して筒体２内へ戻して循環させる吸気羽根22（図３及び９参照）を備えてなるものである。
【００１５】
図１及び図２（Ｂ）に示す排気口ストレーナ 50 は、排気口42に異物Ｂや有機物Ｃの進入を防止するためのものである。好ましくは、図１及び３に示すように、筒体２に給水ノズル49を設ける。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】
図１は、異物混入有機物Ａを有機性廃棄物とし、有機性廃棄物を有機物Ｃと異物Ｂとに分別する本発明の防臭型異物分別機１の実施例を示す。但し、本発明の処理対象である異物混入有機物Ａは有機性廃棄物に限定されず、例えば有機性原料や製品中に混入した異物を分別する場合等、広く異物Ｂが混入した有機物Ａを処理対象に含めることができる。図示例の異物分別機１は水平な筒体２を有する。例えば図４に示すように、断面が弧状の下半割部27を底壁3aとし、断面を半径方向外側に膨らませて楕円状とした上半割部28を頂壁3bとし、両半割部27、28を結合して筒型とした筒体２を用いる。
【００１７】
図２（Ａ）及び（Ｂ）は、図１の異物分別機１の正面図及び背面図を示す。筒体２の内側の長手方向軸線、図示例では弧状底壁3aの中心軸線に沿って回転軸５を設け、回転軸５に半径方向突端が底壁3aと微小間隙を介して対向する回転翼６を固定する。断面弧状の底壁3aと回転翼６の突端との間の微小間隙により、回転翼６の回転時に、後述する細孔10から排出可能な程度に有機物Ｃを微粉砕する。異物Ｂの粉砕を避けつつ有機物Ｃのみを微粉砕するため、図４に示すように、回転翼６の突端に例えばゴム板のように弾力性のある板８を取り付けてもよい（図９も参照）。
【００１８】
図示例の異物分別機１は、筒体２の頂壁3bの断面を外側に膨らんだ楕円状とすることにより、回転翼６の回転域と頂壁3bとの間に筒体２の長手方向に延びる空気流路12を形成している（図３及び図４参照）。但し、筒体２の形状は図示例に限定されず、回転翼６の突端に微小間隙を介して対向する底壁3aと空気流路12を介して対向する頂壁3bとを有するものであれば足りる。また、図示例では４枚の回転翼６を回転軸５に固定しているが、回転翼６の枚数も図示例に限定されない。
【００１９】
筒体２の一端近傍に異物混入有機物Ａを取り入れる取入口16と吸気口41とを設け、筒体２の他端に排出口18を設ける。また、筒体２の底壁3aの一端と排出口18との間に、微粉砕された有機物Ｃの排出用の複数の細孔10を形成する。取入口16は回転軸５と交差する向きに設けることが望ましい。図示例では、取入口16を、筒体頂壁3bの回転軸５の直上部位から回転翼６の回転方向（図２の矢印Ｅで示す方向）にずらして設けている。また排出口18は、筒体２の他端の底壁3aに設けることが望ましい。図示例では、筒体２の他端の底壁3aを1/4周部分開放して排出口18としている。できるだけ広い排出口18を筒体底壁3aに設けることにより、後述する空気流Ｇだけでなく重力による落下作用を利用することができ、排出口18付近での異物Ｂ等の滞留や排出口18の閉塞の防止が期待できる。筒体２の細孔10を設けた底壁3aの下方には有機物ホッパー44を気密に接合し、排出口18を設けた筒体２の下方には異物ホッパー51を気密に接合する。
【００２０】
更に、回転軸５又は回転翼６の吸気口41側の端縁に吸気羽根22（図３参照）を取り付けると共に異物ホッパー51に排気口42を設け、排気口42と筒体２の吸気口41とを通気管43により筒体２の外側で気密に連通する。吸気羽根22は、回転時に扇風機の原理により吸気口41から空気流Ｇを取り入れるものである。例えば図９及び１０に示すように、板状の回転翼６に対して空気迎い入れ角度δ（例えば10〜30度程度）だけ傾けて吸気羽根22を取り付ける。但し、吸気羽根22は回転軸５に直接取り付けてもよい。吸気羽根22の回転軸５又は回転翼６に対する取り付け角度δは、後述するように、例えば10〜30度の範囲内において回転時に空気流Ｇの適当な風量が確保できるように定めることができる。
【００２１】
吸気羽根22の吸気作用により、筒体２内の吸気口41側は排出口18側に比し相対的に負圧となる。このため、排気口42と吸気口41とを筒体２の外側の通気管43を介して気密に連通することにより、異物ホッパー51内の空気を相対的に負圧である吸気口41へ吸引することができる。排気口42には、異物ホッパー51からの異物Ｂの進入を防止する適当な排気口ストレーナ50（例えば多孔板）を取り付けることが望ましい。
【００２２】
図示例の異物分別機１は、分別処理に際して回転軸５を適当な回転駆動装置（例えば電動モータ）９とベルト29等で接続し、回転軸５を図２の矢印Ｅで示す向きに回転させる。例えば毎分500〜600回転程度の回転速度で回転させながら、取入口16より異物混入有機物Ａを投入する。回転駆動装置９は、異物混入有機物Ａの種類・状態に応じて、回転軸５の回転速度を調節できることが望ましい。以下、図３（Ａ）を参照して、装置内における異物混入有機物Ａと空気の流れを説明する。同図では、有機物Ｃの流れを白抜き矢印、異物Ｂの流れを黒矢印、空気の流れを黒三角付き矢印で示す。なお、図３（Ａ）の白三角付き矢印は、後述する給水ノズル49からの給水を示す。
【００２３】
回転軸５と共に吸気羽根22が回転すると、回転軸５の回転速度、及び吸気羽根22の取り付け角度δに応じた風量の空気が吸気口41から筒体２の内側へ吸引され、筒体２内に吸気口41から排出口18へ向かう空気流Ｇが形成される。取入口16から筒体２中に投入された異物混入有機物Ａは、回転軸５と共に回転する回転翼６によって攪拌・破砕され、異物Ｂと有機物Ｃとに分離される。分離された異物Ｂは、質量に対して表面積が比較的大きいので空気流Ｇにより排出口18側へ送られ、空気流Ｇと重力とにより排出口18から異物ホッパー51へ落下する。他方、有機物Ｃは質量に対して表面積が比較的小さいので筒体２の下部に落下し、更に回転翼６の突端と筒体底壁3aとの間の微小間隙において細かくスラリー状に微粉砕され、細孔10から有機物ホッパー44へ落下する。
【００２４】
また、異物混入有機物Ａと接触して臭気を含んだ空気流Ｇも、異物Ｂと共に排出口18経由で異物ホッパー51へ送られる。本発明では、異物ホッパー51へ送られた空気の大部分を、吸気羽根22の吸引作用により排気口ストレーナ50、排気口42、通気管43及び吸気口41を介して筒体２内へ戻し、循環させる。この空気の循環により筒体２内の空気中の臭気を実質上装置内に閉じ込めておくことができる。
【００２５】
本発明によれば、回転軸５の回転速度と吸気羽根22の取り付け角度δとにより空気流Ｇの風量、すなわち筒体内滞留時間を調節できる。取入口16から取り入れた異物混入有機物Ａは、空気流Ｇにより滞留する間に回転翼６によって攪拌・粉砕され、有機物Ｃと異物Ｂとに分別される。例えば、異物Ｂとの分離が難しい軽量の有機物Ｃについても、滞留時間を長くすればショートパスの防止が期待できる。異物分別機１毎に異物混入有機物Ａの種類・状態に応じて適当な筒体内滞留時間が確保できるように回転軸５の回転速度と吸気羽根22の取り付け角度δとを定め、有機物Ｃと異物Ｂとの分別効率の向上を図ることができる。また、吸気羽根22の取り付け角度δを例えば10〜30度程度の範囲内で調節可能とすれば、異物混入有機物Ａの種類・状態に応じて回転軸５の回転速度を調節し且つ吸気羽根22の取り付け角度δを変更することにより、様々な異物混入有機物Ａを効率的に有機物Ｃと異物Ｂとに分別することができる。
【００２６】
また本発明は、吸気羽根22の吸気作用によって筒体２内の空気を排気口42から吸気口41へ循環させるので、空気流Ｇの最適な筒体内滞留時間を確保しつつ外部への臭気漏出を抑えることができる。すなわち、従来の送風機76を用いる図１２の異物分離装置1bのようにドラム（筒体）２内の空気流Ｇが循環流によって影響されることがなく、臭気漏洩の防止と効率的な分別とを同時に達成することができる。本発明者は、図示例のように異物分別機１の有機物ホッパー44の下部にスクリュー式送出装置46を気密に結合して臭気の漏洩を防いだ上で、異物ホッパー51の下部を開放して分別処理を行ったところ、異物ホッパー51の下部から周囲に漏洩する臭気は図８に示す従来の異物分離装置1aに比し極めて少なく、筒体２内の空気流Ｇをほとんど外部へ漏らさずに循環させ得ることを確認できた。
【００２７】
こうして本発明の目的である「臭気を外部に漏らさずに有機物と異物とを効率的に分別できる防臭型の異物分別機」の提供を達成できる。
【００２８】
なお図示例では、有機物ホッパー44の吸気口41側端に通気管43を接続する吸気口接続部41aを設け、筒体２の周壁３に吸気口41を設け、有機物ホッパー44内に設けた吸気ダクト41bにより吸気口接続部41aと吸気口41とを接続している。但し、吸気口41の位置は図示例に限定されず、例えば図３（Ｂ）に示すように、筒体２の一端側端面に吸気口41を設けてもよい。また図示例では、異物ホッパー51内に排気口42に連通する排気ダクト42bを設け、排気ダクト42bの排出口18側端に排気口ストレーナ50を設けているが、排気口42の位置も図示例に限定されない。
【００２９】
【実施例】
図示例の異物分別機１は、筒体２の頂壁3bに、空気流路12内の空気流Ｇを回転翼６の回転軸５と交差する向きに案内する複数の導風板15を、回転軸５に対して所定角度で取り付けている。本発明では、吸気羽根22の吸引作用により筒体２内に吸気口41から排出口18へ向かう空気流Ｇを形成できるが、導風板15の数や向き（回転軸５に対する角度）により空気流Ｇの筒体内滞留時間を調節できる。本発明者は、導風板15の取り付け角度や数の増減により筒体２内の異物混入有機物Ａの滞留時間を０〜20％調節することができ、分別精度や効率を向上させ得ることを実験的に見出した。例えば、異物分別機１毎に異物混入有機物Ａの種類・状態に応じて必要十分な筒体内滞留時間が確保できるように導風板15の取り付け角度や数を定めることにより、分別効率の一層の向上が期待できる。
【００３０】
また、異物分別機１の取入口16には、図示例のように異物混入有機物Ａを定量的に取り入れる定量供給破砕機30を設置することが望ましい。異物混入有機物Ａの供給速度にむらが生じると、回転負荷が変動し分別効率が低下するおそれがある。定量供給機には種々のものがあるが、定量供給機によっては破砕困難物の混入した有機物Ａや多量の有機物Ａが投入された場合にその有機物Ａが定量供給機に詰まり、異常トルクによる供給の一時停止や供給機そのものが破壊されシステム全体の運転に支障を生じることがある。定量供給機を大型にして強度や能力をあげる方法もあるが、動力が大きくなり、動力消費量の増大によるランニングコストのアップが問題となる。
【００３１】
図４及び５に示す定量供給破砕機30は、中空枠体31内に支持された一対の水平回転軸32a、32bと、各軸32a、32b別に回転を駆動する一対の駆動装置33a、33bと、各軸32a、32bから対向軸32b、32aへ向け突出する突出歯35の群とを有する。突出歯35は各軸32a、32b上の歯保持環35aに保持され、歯35の片側には切削刃36が形成されている。保持環35a上の突出歯35の数は限定しないが、例えば４個程度とする。駆動装置33a、33bにより両軸32a、32bを逆向きに回転させ、回転する突出歯35の切削刃36の噛合部である通過空間40を介して異物混入有機物Ａを取り入れ、各軸32a、32bの回転速度により取り入れ量を制御する。多量に投入される有機物Ｃやごみ袋等の異物Ｂを、噛合部において突出歯35の切削刃36により効率的・連続的に破砕しながら筒体２内へ定量的に送り込むことができる。また、図示例のように片側に切削刃36が形成された突出歯35は、破砕困難物によって変形し難い利点もある。
【００３２】
定量供給破砕機30の各回転軸32a、32b毎に駆動装置33a、33bを設置することにより、異物混入有機物Ａの詰まりによる過負荷の現象にも対応することが可能である。例えば、通過空間40に異物混入有機物Ａが詰まった場合は、両軸32a、32bを一旦停止させた後、両軸32a、32bを同時に逆転させて詰まった異物混入有機物Ａを通過空間40の上方へ引き出して取り除くことができる。また、両軸32a、32bの同時回転と一方の軸32a又は32bのみの回転とを組み合せることにより、多量投入時の過負荷の調整が可能である。
【００３３】
また、図示例の定量供給破砕機30は、各回転軸32a（又は32b）の突出歯35の群と対向する枠体側壁31a（又は31b）から、回転軸32a（又は32b）の歯間部位の全体に係合する如く突出する板状スクレーパー37の群を設けている。板状スクレーパー37の群により、枠体側壁31a（及び31b）とその側壁に対向する回転軸32a（及び32b）との間の間隙を覆う。従来の定量供給機は、異物混入有機物Ａ中にプラスチックや植物性の繊維類や紐、糸等（以下、紐状異物ということがある。）が混入している場合に、紐状異物が軸に巻き込まれ、運転に支障をきたす場合があった。図５に示すように、枠体側壁31a、31bと回転軸32a、32bとの間の間隙を板状スクレーパー37で覆い、突出歯35の切削刃36の噛合部のみを通過空間40とすることにより、紐状異物の巻き込みを避けつつ、異物混入有機物Ａの効率的・連続的な定量供給が可能となる。
【００３４】
板状スクレーパー37の一例は、図６に示すように、枠体側壁31a（又は31b）から隣接する回転軸32a（又は32b）に架け回して回転軸32a（又は32b）を覆う軸覆い部39を有するものである。回転軸32a、32bに拡径部34が存在する場合は、図示例のように板状スクレーパー37に軸覆い部39と掻き取り部38とを設け、軸覆い部39により軸32a、32bと紐状異物との接触を防止すると共に拡径部34に接触する紐状異物を掻き取り部38で掻き取ることにより、紐状異物の巻き込みを防止することができる。必要に応じて、軸覆い部39又は掻き取り部38のみからなるスクレーパー37としてもよい。掻き取り部38と軸とのクリアランスは１mm以下とする。
【００３５】
更に図示例の異物分別機１は、筒体２及び／又は定量供給破砕機30に給水ノズル49を設け、給水ノズル49からの給水により取入口16から取り入れる異物混入有機物Ａ中の水分を調節可能としている。例えば、粘り気のある有機物Ｃは筒体２の細孔10を閉塞するおそれがあるが、給水により水分を調節して粘度を下げれば細孔10の閉塞が避けられる。また、水分の極端に少ない有機物Ｃは、給水により重くすれば異物Ｂとの効率的な分別が期待できる。更に、給水ノズル49を温水又は蒸気を供給する温水又は蒸気ノズルとすれば、寒冷地での凍結物の解凍のため利用することも可能である。なお、これらの給水ノズル49は、分別作業終了後に筒体２の内部を洗浄するためにも使用できる。ノズル49に供給される水、温水、又は蒸気は、後述の有価資源回収システム62（図７参照）において発生する余剰水や温排水等を利用することができる。
【００３６】
図３（Ａ）の実施例では、筒体２及び／又は定量供給破砕機30の給水ノズル49を調節装置56に接続している。例えば、異物混入有機物Ａの種類・状態や分別状況等に応じて手動で調節装置56により各給水ノズル49の給水量を調節し、異物混入有機物Ａ中の水分量を適当に調整することができる。筒体２及び／又は定量供給破砕機30に異物混入有機物Ａの水分量（含水量）を検出するセンサ等を取り付け、そのセンサの出力に応じて調節装置56により各給水ノズル49の給水量を自動調節することも期待できる。
【００３７】
上述したように、異物混入有機物Ａの種類・状態に応じて回転軸５の回転速度と吸気羽根22の取り付け角度δとを調節すると共に、筒体２の頂壁3bに適当な角度及び数の導風板15を取り付けて異物混入有機物Ａの適当な筒体内滞留時間を確保し、取入口16に設けた定量供給破砕機30により異物混入有機物Ａの供給量のむらをなくし、更に給水ノズル49からの給水により異物混入有機物Ａの水分量を適当に調整することにより、異物混入有機物Ａの種類・状態に拘わらず効率的な異物Ｂの分別が期待できる。
【００３８】
図示例の異物分別機１は、有機物ホッパー44を下端が細いテーパー状とし、その下部にスクリューコンベア45を気密に取り付け、コンベア45の出口にスクリュー式送出装置46を気密に結合している。有機物ホッパー44に落下した有機物Ｃをスクリューコンベア45によってスクリュー式送出装置46へ送り出し、送出装置46により所要の場所、例えば有機物Ｃから肥料、飼料、電力エネルギー、熱エネルギー等の有価資源を回収するシステム62（図７参照）へ搬送する。図示例のコンベア45及び送出装置46によれば、有機物Ｃを外気との接触を避けつつ速やかに所要場所まで搬送できるので、分別機周囲の臭気問題が解決できると共に作業の効率化が図れる。なお図示例では、有機物ホッパー44に給水ノズル49に設け、コンベア45及び送出装置46による作業性向上のため、ホッパー44内の有機物スラリーＣの水分量を調整可能としている。この給水ノズル49も、分別作業終了後にホッパー44の内部を洗浄するために使用できる。
【００３９】
また図示例の異物分別機１は、異物ホッパー51の下部に外気遮断型の密閉式搬送装置54を気密に結合し、ホッパー51内の異物を外気との接触を避けつつ所要の場所、例えば異物処分ユニット64（図７参照）へ搬送可能としている。密閉式搬送装置54として、例えばパイプを利用したパイプコンベアやバケット式コンベア等を利用することができる。パイプコンベアやバケット式コンベアは、外気と接触させずに異物Ｂを所要場所まで搬送できるので異物Ｂの搬送に適している。
【００４０】
［実験例１］
全長2,938mm、外径450mmの筒体２を用いて図示例の異物分別機１を試作し、図７のシステムを構築した。本試作機の取入口16には供給ホッパー13を設け、ホッパー13と取入口16との間に定量供給破砕機30を設置した。定量供給破砕機30として、図４及び５に示すように、585mm×535mmの開口部を有する中空枠体31と２軸の回転軸32a、32bと各軸32a、32b別の駆動装置33a、33bとを有するものを使用した。各回転軸32a、32bには、外径280mm、厚さ15mmの４個の切削刃36付き突出歯35が取り付けられた歯保持環35aを、１軸あたり４枚取り付けた。回転軸32a、32bの動力は１軸当たり2.2kwとし、回転数を１分間当たり12.5回転とした。更に、回転軸32a、32bに紐状異物が巻き込まれないよう、図示例のような板状スクレーパー37を１軸あたり５枚取り付けた。スクレーパー37の掻き取り部38と軸32a、32bとの間のクリアランスは0.5mmとした。回転軸32a、32bの正転、反転を、駆動装置33a、33bの負荷電流値の計測値に基づいて選択するようにした。
【００４１】
筒体２の頂壁3bには、後述する事業系生ごみ廃棄物Ａの種類・状態に応じた角度及び数の複数の導風板15を取り付けた。また、排出口18は筒体２の最後部の底壁3aに設け、筒体２の周壁の４分の１部分を開放して空気流Ｇの遠心力と重力とで異物Ｂを落下させるようにした。排出口18は異物通過断面を450mm×410mmと広くし、ホッパー状にして異物の閉塞を防止した。異物ホッパー51の上部に排気口42をJIS150Aノズルにより形成し、排気口42をJIS150Aの通気管43により筒体２の吸気口41まで連通させた。排気口42に異物Ｂが進入しないように、異物ホッパー51内と排気口42との間に直径10mmの多孔板製排気口ストレーナ50を取り付けた。
【００４２】
異物ホッパー51の出口にはJIS150Aの搬送パイプ52（52a、52b）を使った密閉式搬送装置54を連結し、密閉式搬送装置54の経路を異物処分ユニット64に接続した。本試作機で使用した搬送装置54は、図２（Ｂ）に示すように、搬送パイプ52内部に適当な間隔で複数の仕切板54bが固定されたチェーン54aが延在し、パイプ52a、52b上に設けた駆動機構（例えば電動機）53（図１参照）でチェーン54aを駆動することにより仕切板54bの間に積載した異物Ｂを掻き出す機構のものである。また、有機物ホッパー44を筒体２の左右接線から下部に設け、有機物ホッパー44の出口にスクリューコンベア45を取り付けて連続的排出を可能とした。更に、スクリューコンベア45の出口にスクリュー型のポンプ（送出装置）46を取り付け、ポンプ46から輸送パイプ47を有価資源回収システム62まで配置した。スクリューコンベア45の動力は1.5kwで、回転数は１分間に60回転とした。
【００４３】
水分調整用、内部洗浄用、解凍用の水、温水、又は蒸気を供給するため、供給ホッパー13にJIS15Aの給水ノズル49を３個、筒体２の斜め上部（水平から40度上部）に15個、有機物ホッパー44の中問部に上向きに（水平から45度上部）９個ずつ両側に取り付けた。
【００４４】
本試作機を用いて、大型商業施設から排出された袋詰の事業系生ごみ廃棄物Ａを適宜ホッパー13へ投入し、連続的に分別処理を行ったところ、本発明の異物分別機１により異物混入有機物Ａを連続的に分別処理することができ、しかも装置周囲の臭気濃度は極めて低く抑えられていることを確認できた。更に、インスタント麺類や海苔等の水分が少ない異物混入有機物Ａも、給水ノズル49からの給水の調節により、ショートパスさせずに確実に分別できることが確認できた。例えば、従来異物Ｂとの分別が難しかったパン類や野菜、木片等も、本発明の異物分別機１によれば異物Ｂから効率的に分別できた。
【００４５】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明による防臭型異物分別機は、筒体の一端に吸気口を穿つと共に他端の底壁に排出口を穿ち、筒体底壁の一端と排出口との間に細孔群を穿ち、筒体内側の長手方向軸線上の回転軸に半径方向突端が筒体底壁と微小間隙を介して対向する回転翼を固定し、筒体頂壁に筒体内の空気流を回転翼の回転軸と交差する向きに案内する導風板を取り付け、筒体頂壁の空気流上流との対向部位に回転軸と交差する向きに異物混入有機物の取入口を穿ち、細孔群の下方に有機物ホッパーを気密に連ねると共に排出口の下方にストレーナ付き排気口を有する異物ホッパーを気密に連ね、排気口と吸気口とを筒体外側で通気管により気密に連通し、回転軸又は回転翼の吸気口側端に当該軸の回転時に異物ホッパー内の空気を排気口と通気管と吸気口とを介して筒体内へ戻して循環させる吸気羽根を取り付けるので、次の顕著な効果を奏する。
【００４６】
（イ）異物と共に排出された空気の大部分を再び筒体内に戻して循環させるので、筒体内の空気中の臭気を実質上装置内に閉じ込め、臭気の外部漏洩を最小限に抑えることができる。
（ロ）有機物及び異物をそれぞれホッパーで受け止めることにより、有機物及び異物からの臭気を装置内部に閉じ込めることができる。
（ハ）有機物ホッパーに受け止めた粉砕有機物は、スクリュー式送出装置により連続的に且つ外気と接触させずに送出可能であり、分別作業の効率化への寄与が期待できる。
（ニ）異物ホッパーに受け止めた異物は、密閉型式搬送装置により連続的に且つ外気と接触させずに搬送可能であり、異物回収の効率化への寄与が期待できる。
【００４７】
（ホ）異物混入有機物の種類・状態に応じて回転軸の回転速度と吸気羽根の取り付け角度とを調節し、筒体頂壁に適当な角度及び数の導風板を取り付けることにより、異物混入有機物の種類・状態に拘わらず効率的な分別が可能である。
（ヘ）筒体に給水ノズルを設けて異物混入有機物の水分を調節可能とすることにより、分別性能の更なる向上が期待できる。
（ト）更に、給水ノズルを用いて分別処理後の筒体の洗浄が可能である。
（チ）排出口を筒体の最後部に下向きに設けることにより、遠心力と重力とを利用して円滑に異物を排出し、排出口での異物の滞留等が防止できる。
（リ）取入口に突出歯群と各軸毎の駆動装置とを有する２軸式定量供給破砕機を取り付けることにより、大量の異物混入有機物を連続的、安定的、効率的に分別処理することできる。
（ヌ）定量供給破砕機に紐状異物の巻き込みを防止する板状スクレーパーを設けることにより、異物混入有機物の連続分別処理の更なる安定化、効率化が期待できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】は、本発明装置の一実施例の説明図である。
【図２】は、図１の装置の取入口側及び排出口側から見た正面図及び背面図である。
【図３】は、図１の装置の異物分別作用を示す図式的側面図である。
【図４】は、定量供給破砕機を設けた本発明装置の実施例の断面図である。
【図５】は、図４の定量供給破砕機を上方から見た平面図である。
【図６】は、図４の定量供給破砕機のスクレーパー部分の説明図である。
【図７】は、有価資源回収システムと組み合せた本発明の実施例の説明図である。
【図８】は、従来の異物分離装置の一例の説明図である。
【図９】は、図８の分離装置の回転翼、カッターフィン部材及び吸気羽根の説明図である。
【図１０】は、図８の分離装置の線X−Xから見た断面図である。
【図１１】は、図８の分離装置の線XI−XIから見た断面図である。
【図１２】は、従来の異物分離装置の他の一例の説明図である。
【符号の説明】
１…異物分別機 1a、1b…異物分離装置
２…筒体（ドラム）３…周壁
3a…底壁 3b…頂壁
４…脚部５…回転軸
5a…軸受け６…回転翼（板状羽根）
７…回転翼の突端縁８…弾力性板
９…回転駆動装置 10…細孔
11…給気孔 12…空気流路
13…供給ホッパー 14…気流案内手段
15…導風板 16…取入口
17…取入ダクト 18…排出口
19…排出ダクト 20…カッターフィン部材
21…鋸歯状端縁 22…吸気羽根
24…逆気流案内手段 25…逆向き導風板
27…下半割部 28…上半割部
29…ベルト 30…定量供給破砕機
31…中空枠体 31a、31b…枠体側壁
32…回転軸 33…駆動装置
34…拡径部 35…突出歯
35a…歯保持環 36…切削刃
37…スクレーパー 38…掻き取り部
39…軸覆い部 40…通過空間
41…吸気口 41a…吸気口接続部
41b…吸気ダクト 42…排気口
42b…排気ダクト 43…通気管
44…有機物ホッパー 45…スクリューコンベア
46…スクリュー式送出装置 47…輸送パイプ
49…給水ノズル 50…排気口ストレーナ
51…異物ホッパー 52、52a、52b…搬送パイプ
53…駆動機構 54…搬送装置
54a…チェーン 54b…仕切板
56…給水調節装置 57…信号ケーブル
60…廃棄物搬送車 61…廃棄物貯蔵タンク
62…有価資源回収システム 63…スクリューコンベア
64…異物処分ユニット
70…高密度材選択手段 71…ベルトコンベア
72…受け容器 73…気体サイクロン手段
73a…エア排出口 74…サイクロン部
75…エア帰還系 76…エア帰還系送風機
77…破壊手段 78…包材減容系
79…固形物形成手段 80…固形物搬送手段
Ａ…異物混入有機物（有機性廃棄物）
Ｂ…異物Ｃ…有機物
Ｅ…回転翼の回転方向Ｇ…空気流
Ｎ…正回転向きＲ…逆回転向き[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a deodorant foreign matter separator, and more particularly, to a foreign matter separator that separates foreign matters such as plastic, metal pieces, and wood pieces mixed in organic matter while suppressing leakage of odors to the outside. The present invention can be used for pretreatment of a system for recovering valuable resources such as fertilizer, feed, electric power energy, and thermal energy from, for example, garbage waste.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Garbage waste discharged from kitchens of general households and hotels / restaurants, food residues discharged from food factories and stores, etc., animal and vegetable residues discharged from production / processing facilities in agriculture / livestock / fisheries / forestry, etc. Organic wastes derived from these organisms were conventionally incinerated or landfilled, but recently, from the viewpoint of resources and the environment, recyclable materials that can recover valuable resources such as fertilizer, feed, electric energy, and thermal energy It is attracting attention as. However, there are cases in which foreign matters such as plastic, metal pieces, and wood pieces are mixed in organic waste, and in order to recycle organic waste, it is necessary to separate the foreign matters mixed in organic matter. There is. Moreover, the size and shape of the organic matter in the organic waste vary, and it is necessary to adjust the particle size and concentration to an appropriate level for recycling.
[0003]
As apparatuses for separating foreign substances from organic waste, Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose, for example, waste foods wrapped in plastic or paper containers or bags (wrapping materials) as packaging materials and waste food bodies. Disclosed is a foreign matter separation device that separates and grinds a food body into a slurry. Patent Document 3 discloses a foreign matter separation device that can continuously process foreign matter separation and slurrying of a large amount of organic waste.
[0004]
An example of the foreign matter separating apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 3 is shown in FIGS. The foreign matter separating apparatus 1a of the illustrated example has a cylindrical body 2 having a peripheral wall 3 (an arc-shaped bottom wall 3a and a non-arc-shaped top wall 3b, see FIGS. 10 and 11) whose arc is partially cross-sectioned. A plurality of plate blades 6 (6a in FIG. 9) having a rotary shaft 5 extending along the central axis, a protruding edge 7 fixed to the rotary shaft 5 and slidable on the arc-shaped bottom wall 3a and extending along the rotary shaft 5. 6b, 6c, 6d (hereinafter, sometimes referred to as a rotor blade), a plurality of through-holes 10 formed in the arc-shaped bottom wall 3a of the cylindrical body 2, the non-arc-shaped top wall 3b of the cylindrical body 2 and the rotor blade 6 The air flow path 12 formed between the projecting end edge 7 and extending in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, the air guide plate 15 for guiding the air flow G (see FIG. 10) in the air flow path 12 in the longitudinal direction of the cylinder, and the cylinder An intake 16 of the organic waste A that is drilled in a direction crossing the central axis of the cylindrical body 2 is provided at a portion of the body peripheral wall 3 facing the upstream of the airflow.
[0005]
The organic waste A introduced into the cylinder 2 from the intake port 16 is crushed by the rotation of the rotary blade 6 and separated into organic matter C and foreign matter B. The separated foreign matter B is carried out of the cylindrical body 2 from the discharge port 18 on the downstream side of the airflow by the airflow G generated by the rotation of the rotary blade 6. The air flow G is formed by, for example, sending air taken in from the air supply holes 11 on the end face on the intake port 16 side of the cylindrical body 2 into the air flow path 12 by the rotation of the rotor blades 6 and guiding it by the air guide plate 15. The The organic substance C after the foreign matter separation is finely pulverized by sliding along the arcuate bottom wall 3a of the tip edge 7 of the rotor blade 6 and discharged from the pores 10.
[0006]
The foreign matter separating apparatus 1a of the illustrated example inputs the waste A in a direction intersecting with the rotation shaft 5, that is, the rotation direction of the rotary blade 6, so that the rotation of the rotary blade 6 works to take in the organic waste A, Organic waste A can be continuously taken into the cylinder 2. Further, as shown in FIG. 11, the organic waste A is made smoother by shifting the intake port 16 from the position immediately above the rotating shaft 5 of the cylindrical peripheral wall 3 in the rotating direction of the rotor blade 6 (direction indicated by arrow E). Can be taken into the cylinder 2. For example, a hopper 13 for storing the organic waste A can be installed above the intake port 16 so that a large amount of the organic waste A can be continuously taken into the cylinder 2.
[0007]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, by attaching a cutter fin member 20 in a direction crossing the rotating shaft 5 to a portion facing the intake port 16 on the surface of each rotary blade 6, the organic substance C and the foreign matter B are separated. Efficiency can be increased. When the organic waste A is packaged or the like, the bag or container in the organic waste A is crushed by the edge 21 of the cutter fin member 20 when it is put into the cylinder 2 or stirred in the cylinder 2. As a result, the separation of the organic waste A is promoted. By forming the edge 21 facing the arc-shaped bottom wall 3a of the cutter fin member 20 in a sawtooth shape, the bag breaking effect can be further enhanced.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2000-167426 A
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2002-079231 A
[Patent Document 3]
JP 2002-177888 A
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the conventional foreign matter separating apparatus 1a is actually operated, the following points are problematic.
[0010]
(1) Since the foreign matter separation apparatus 1a comes into contact with the organic waste A and the air flow G containing a considerable odor is discharged from the discharge port 18 together with the foreign matter B, the odor around the work and environment It may become a problem and odor countermeasures may be required separately. In addition, since the slurry-like organic matter C discharged from the pores 10 of the cylindrical body 2 and the foreign matter B discharged from the discharge port 18 have been conventionally collected by a container, a belt conveyor or the like, odor leakage becomes a problem. ing. Development of a device capable of preventing odor leakage from the viewpoint of occupational health and the environment is required.
[0011]
On the other hand, in Patent Document 2, as shown in FIG. 12, a high density material (for example, metal) selecting means 70 and a gas cyclone means 73 are connected to the discharge port 18 of the cylindrical body 2, and air return with a blower 76 is provided. A foreign matter separating apparatus 1b is proposed in which a system 75 connects the air outlet 73a of the gas cyclone means 73 and the vicinity of the inlet 16 of the cylindrical body 2 with each other. The air flow G discharged from the discharge port 18 of the cylindrical body 2 is returned to the intake port 16 of the cylindrical body 2 through the high-density material selecting means 70, the gas cyclone means 73, the blower 76, and the air feedback system 75 and recirculated. Thus, release into the atmosphere of air containing odor is prevented (paragraphs 0011 to 0012 of Patent Document 2). However, in Patent Document 2, since the pressure loss of the air flow G caused by the gas cyclone means 73 is large, it is necessary to create a circulated air flow G with a considerable air volume by the blower 76, and the air volume of the air flow G increases in the cylinder 2. In some cases, it is difficult to efficiently separate the organic substance C and the foreign matter B. It is necessary to develop a technique capable of preventing odor leakage while efficiently separating the organic substance C and the foreign matter B.
[0012]
(2) The organic waste A may contain extremely low water content or light weight such as instant noodles and seaweed. It was difficult for the light organic substance C to be separated from the foreign matter B by the air flow G, and a part of the lightweight organic matter C was discharged from the discharge port 18 together with the foreign matter B (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a short path). In addition, when the organic waste A contains sticky rice or rice cakes, the sticky organic substance C may clog the pores 10 of the cylindrical body 2 and reduce the processing amount. . Further, when a large amount of frozen material is contained in a cold region, the frozen material cannot be pulverized by the rotation of the rotary blade 6, and the load on the rotary blade 6 becomes large and the separation becomes insufficient. An abnormal torque is applied to the motor and operation may stop. Insufficient separation becomes an obstacle to the recycling processing of the organic matter C and foreign matter B after the separation, so that more efficient separation of the organic waste A is required.
[0013]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an odor-proof foreign matter separator capable of efficiently separating organic matter and foreign matter without leaking odor to the outside.
[0014]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  Referring to the embodiment of FIGS. 1, 2 and 3A, the deodorizing foreign matter separator of the present invention has an intake port 41 formed at one end in the longitudinal direction and discharged to the bottom wall 3a at the other end. Horizontal cylinder 2 with outlet 18 drilled, group of pores 10 drilled between one end of bottom wall 3a of cylinder 2 and discharge port 18, rotation axis on longitudinal axis inside cylinder 2 5 is fixed between the rotating blade 6 (see FIGS. 2 and 3) and the radial tip is opposed to the cylindrical bottom wall 3a with a minute gap between the rotating region of the rotating blade 6 and the cylindrical top wall 3b. The air flow path 12 (see FIG. 3) and the air flow G in the air flow path 12 attached to the cylinder top wall 3bDirection of crossing with the rotation axis 5 of the rotor blade 6The air guide plate 15 that guides to the outside, the intake 16 of the foreign matter mixed organic substance A that is drilled in the direction crossing the rotating shaft 5 at the portion of the cylindrical top wall 3b facing the upstream side of the air flow G, and below the group of pores 10 The organic hopper 44 that is airtightly connected, the foreign material hopper 51 that is airtightly connected to the lower side of the discharge port 18 and has the exhaust port 42 with the strainer 50, the communication that connects the exhaust port 42 and the intake port 41 in an airtight manner outside the cylinder 2. The air pipe 43 is attached to the end of the rotary shaft 5 or the rotor blade 6 on the side of the intake port 41. When the rotary shaft 5 rotates, the air in the foreign material hopper 51 is passed through the exhaust port 42, the vent tube 43, and the intake port 41. 2 is provided with intake vanes 22 (see FIGS. 3 and 9) that are circulated back into the interior.
[0015]
  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.Exhaust outlet strainer 50 IsIn order to prevent foreign matter B and organic matter C from entering the exhaust port 42StuffThe Preferably, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, a water supply nozzle 49 is provided in the cylinder 2.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of the deodorizing foreign matter sorting machine 1 of the present invention that separates organic waste A into organic waste and separates organic waste into organic matter C and foreign matter B. However, the foreign matter-contaminated organic matter A that is the object of treatment of the present invention is not limited to organic waste. For example, when the foreign matter mixed in the organic raw material or product is separated, the organic matter A in which the foreign matter B is widely mixed is treated. Can be included in the subject. The foreign matter sorter 1 in the illustrated example has a horizontal cylinder 2. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, the lower half portion 27 having an arcuate cross section is the bottom wall 3a, and the upper half portion 28 having an elliptical cross section is bulged outward in the radial direction is the top wall 3b. A cylindrical body 2 in which 27 and 28 are combined to form a cylindrical shape is used.
[0017]
2A and 2B show a front view and a rear view of the foreign matter sorting machine 1 of FIG. A rotating shaft 5 is provided along a longitudinal axis on the inner side of the cylindrical body 2, in the illustrated example, a central axis of an arcuate bottom wall 3a, and a rotating blade whose radial tip faces the rotating shaft 5 with a minute gap therebetween. 6 is fixed. The organic substance C is finely pulverized to the extent that it can be discharged from the pores 10 to be described later by the minute gap between the bottom wall 3a having the arcuate cross section and the tip of the rotor blade 6 when the rotor blade 6 rotates. In order to finely pulverize only the organic substance C while avoiding the pulverization of the foreign matter B, an elastic plate 8 such as a rubber plate may be attached to the tip of the rotor blade 6 as shown in FIG. reference).
[0018]
The foreign matter sorting machine 1 in the illustrated example has an elliptical shape in which the cross section of the top wall 3b of the cylindrical body 2 bulges outward so that the longitudinal direction of the cylindrical body 2 is between the rotation region of the rotor blade 6 and the top wall 3b. The air flow path 12 is formed to extend to (see FIGS. 3 and 4). However, the shape of the cylindrical body 2 is not limited to the illustrated example, and the cylindrical body 2 has a bottom wall 3a opposed to the protruding end of the rotor blade 6 through a minute gap and a top wall 3b opposed to the air passage 12 through the air channel 12. It's enough. In the illustrated example, four rotating blades 6 are fixed to the rotating shaft 5, but the number of the rotating blades 6 is not limited to the illustrated example.
[0019]
An intake port 16 and an intake port 41 for taking in the foreign substance-containing organic substance A are provided near one end of the cylindrical body 2, and an exhaust port 18 is provided at the other end of the cylindrical body 2. A plurality of fine pores 10 for discharging the finely pulverized organic substance C are formed between one end of the bottom wall 3a of the cylindrical body 2 and the discharge port 18. The intake port 16 is preferably provided in a direction intersecting with the rotation axis 5. In the illustrated example, the intake port 16 is provided so as to be shifted from the portion directly above the rotation shaft 5 of the cylinder top wall 3b in the rotation direction of the rotary blade 6 (direction indicated by arrow E in FIG. 2). The discharge port 18 is preferably provided in the bottom wall 3a at the other end of the cylindrical body 2. In the illustrated example, the bottom wall 3 a at the other end of the cylindrical body 2 is opened by a quarter circumference to form the discharge port 18. By providing the exhaust port 18 as wide as possible in the cylindrical bottom wall 3a, not only the air flow G, which will be described later, but also the falling action due to gravity can be used. Prevention of blockage can be expected. An organic hopper 44 is airtightly bonded below the bottom wall 3a of the cylindrical body 2 where the pores 10 are provided, and a foreign material hopper 51 is airtightly bonded below the cylindrical body 2 where the discharge port 18 is provided.
[0020]
Further, an intake vane 22 (see FIG. 3) is attached to the edge of the rotary shaft 5 or the rotor blade 6 on the intake port 41 side, and an exhaust port 42 is provided in the foreign material hopper 51, and the exhaust port 42 and the intake port 41 of the cylindrical body 2 are provided. Are communicated with each other in an airtight manner on the outside of the cylindrical body 2 by the vent pipe 43. The intake blade 22 takes in the air flow G from the intake port 41 according to the electric fan principle at the time of rotation. For example, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the intake blade 22 is attached to the plate-like rotor blade 6 while being inclined by an air reception angle δ (for example, about 10 to 30 degrees). However, the intake vanes 22 may be directly attached to the rotary shaft 5. As will be described later, the attachment angle δ of the intake blade 22 with respect to the rotating shaft 5 or the rotating blade 6 can be determined so as to ensure an appropriate air volume of the air flow G during rotation within a range of 10 to 30 degrees, for example.
[0021]
Due to the intake action of the intake vanes 22, the suction port 41 side in the cylinder 2 has a relatively negative pressure compared to the discharge port 18 side. For this reason, the air in the foreign material hopper 51 is sucked into the suction port 41 having a relatively negative pressure by communicating the exhaust port 42 and the suction port 41 in an airtight manner through the ventilation pipe 43 outside the cylinder 2. can do. It is desirable to attach an appropriate exhaust port strainer 50 (for example, a perforated plate) to the exhaust port 42 to prevent entry of the foreign material B from the foreign material hopper 51.
[0022]
The foreign matter sorter 1 in the illustrated example connects the rotary shaft 5 to a suitable rotational drive device (for example, an electric motor) 9 by a belt 29 or the like in the sorting process, and rotates the rotary shaft 5 in the direction indicated by the arrow E in FIG. . For example, the foreign matter-mixed organic substance A is introduced from the intake port 16 while rotating at a rotational speed of about 500 to 600 revolutions per minute. It is desirable that the rotary drive device 9 can adjust the rotation speed of the rotary shaft 5 in accordance with the type and state of the foreign matter-mixed organic matter A. Hereinafter, with reference to FIG. 3 (A), the flow of foreign matter-containing organic matter A and air in the apparatus will be described. In the figure, the flow of the organic substance C is indicated by a white arrow, the flow of the foreign matter B is indicated by a black arrow, and the flow of air is indicated by an arrow with a black triangle. In addition, the arrow with a white triangle of FIG. 3 (A) shows the water supply from the water supply nozzle 49 mentioned later.
[0023]
When the intake vane 22 rotates together with the rotating shaft 5, air of an air volume corresponding to the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 5 and the mounting angle δ of the intake vane 22 is sucked into the cylinder 2 from the intake port 41, Thus, an air flow G from the intake port 41 toward the discharge port 18 is formed. The foreign matter-mixed organic substance A introduced into the cylinder 2 from the intake port 16 is agitated and crushed by the rotary blade 6 that rotates together with the rotary shaft 5 and separated into the foreign matter B and the organic matter C. The separated foreign matter B has a relatively large surface area with respect to its mass, and therefore is sent to the discharge port 18 side by the air flow G, and falls from the discharge port 18 to the foreign matter hopper 51 by the air flow G and gravity. On the other hand, since the organic substance C has a relatively small surface area relative to its mass, it falls to the lower part of the cylindrical body 2 and is further finely pulverized into a slurry in the minute gap between the tip of the rotor blade 6 and the cylindrical bottom wall 3a. Then, it falls from the pore 10 to the organic matter hopper 44.
[0024]
Also, the air flow G containing the odor in contact with the foreign matter mixed organic matter A is also sent to the foreign matter hopper 51 through the discharge port 18 together with the foreign matter B. In the present invention, most of the air sent to the foreign material hopper 51 is returned into the cylindrical body 2 through the exhaust port strainer 50, the exhaust port 42, the vent pipe 43 and the intake port 41 by the suction action of the intake vanes 22, Circulate. By this air circulation, the odor in the air in the cylinder 2 can be substantially confined in the apparatus.
[0025]
According to the present invention, the air volume of the air flow G, that is, the in-cylinder residence time can be adjusted by the rotation speed of the rotating shaft 5 and the attachment angle δ of the intake vanes 22. The foreign matter-contaminated organic matter A taken from the intake port 16 is agitated and pulverized by the rotary blade 6 while it is retained by the air flow G, and is separated into the organic matter C and the foreign matter B. For example, for a light organic substance C that is difficult to separate from the foreign substance B, prevention of a short pass can be expected by increasing the residence time. The rotational speed of the rotating shaft 5 and the mounting angle δ of the intake blade 22 are determined so that an appropriate residence time in the cylinder can be secured according to the type and state of the foreign matter-containing organic matter A for each foreign matter sorter 1, and the organic matter C and foreign matter are determined. The efficiency of separation from B can be improved. Further, if the attachment angle δ of the intake blade 22 can be adjusted within a range of, for example, about 10 to 30 degrees, the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 5 is adjusted according to the type and state of the foreign matter-mixed organic matter A, and the intake blade 22 By changing the mounting angle δ, various foreign matter mixed organic matter A can be efficiently separated into organic matter C and foreign matter B.
[0026]
Further, according to the present invention, the air in the cylinder 2 is circulated from the exhaust port 42 to the intake port 41 by the intake action of the intake vanes 22, so that the odor leakage to the outside is ensured while ensuring the optimum residence time of the air flow G in the cylinder. Can be suppressed. That is, the air flow G in the drum (cylinder) 2 is not influenced by the circulating flow as in the foreign matter separating apparatus 1b of FIG. Can be achieved at the same time. As shown in the illustrated example, the inventor has a screw-type delivery device 46 hermetically coupled to the lower part of the organic matter hopper 44 of the foreign matter sorter 1 to prevent odor leakage, and then opens the lower part of the foreign matter hopper 51. When the separation process is performed, the odor leaking from the lower part of the foreign material hopper 51 to the surroundings is extremely small as compared with the conventional foreign material separating apparatus 1a shown in FIG. 8, and the air flow G in the cylinder 2 is hardly leaked to the outside. It was confirmed that it could be circulated.
[0027]
In this way, it is possible to provide the “deodorant type foreign matter separator capable of efficiently separating organic matter and foreign matter without leaking odor to the outside” which is an object of the present invention.
[0028]
In the illustrated example, an intake port connecting portion 41 a for connecting the vent pipe 43 is provided at the end of the organic matter hopper 44 on the intake port 41 side, an intake port 41 is provided on the peripheral wall 3 of the cylinder 2, and the intake air provided in the organic matter hopper 44 is provided. The air inlet connection 41a and the air inlet 41 are connected by a duct 41b. However, the position of the intake port 41 is not limited to the illustrated example. For example, as shown in FIG. 3B, the intake port 41 may be provided on one end face of the cylindrical body 2. In the illustrated example, an exhaust duct 42b communicating with the exhaust port 42 is provided in the foreign material hopper 51, and an exhaust port strainer 50 is provided at the end of the exhaust duct 42b on the exhaust port 18 side, but the position of the exhaust port 42 is also illustrated in the illustrated example. It is not limited to.
[0029]
【Example】
  The foreign matter separator 1 in the illustrated example applies the air flow G in the air flow path 12 to the top wall 3b of the cylinder 2.Direction of crossing with the rotation axis 5 of the rotor blade 6A plurality of wind guide plates 15 are attached to the rotary shaft 5 at a predetermined angle. In the present invention, an air flow G directed from the intake port 41 to the discharge port 18 can be formed in the cylinder 2 by the suction action of the intake vanes 22, but the air flows depending on the number and direction of the air guide plates 15 (angle with respect to the rotating shaft 5). The residence time of the flow G in the cylinder can be adjusted. The present inventor can adjust the residence time of the foreign matter mixed organic substance A in the cylindrical body 2 by 0 to 20% by increasing or decreasing the mounting angle or number of the air guide plates 15, and can improve the separation accuracy and efficiency. Found experimentally. For example, by determining the mounting angle and number of the baffle plates 15 so that the necessary and sufficient in-cylinder residence time can be ensured according to the type and state of the foreign matter mixed organic matter A for each foreign matter sorter 1, the separation efficiency can be further improved. Improvement can be expected.
[0030]
Further, it is desirable to install a quantitative supply crusher 30 for quantitatively taking in the foreign matter-containing organic matter A as shown in the drawing 16 at the intake 16 of the foreign matter sorter 1. If the supply rate of the foreign matter-mixed organic substance A is uneven, the rotational load may fluctuate and the separation efficiency may be reduced. There are various types of metering feeders, but depending on the metering feeder, when organic matter A mixed with difficult-to-crush materials or a large amount of organic matter A is introduced, the organic matter A is clogged into the metering feeder, and it is supplied by abnormal torque. May be disrupted and the operation of the entire system may be hindered. There is a method of increasing the strength and capacity by increasing the size of the metering feeder, but the power becomes large and the running cost increases due to the increase in power consumption.
[0031]
4 and 5 includes a pair of horizontal rotating shafts 32a and 32b supported in a hollow frame 31, and a pair of driving devices 33a and 33b for driving the rotation separately for each of the shafts 32a and 32b. And a group of projecting teeth 35 projecting from the shafts 32a and 32b toward the opposing shafts 32b and 32a. The protruding tooth 35 is held by a tooth holding ring 35a on each shaft 32a, 32b, and a cutting blade 36 is formed on one side of the tooth 35. The number of protruding teeth 35 on the holding ring 35a is not limited, but is about four, for example. Both shafts 32a and 32b are rotated in the opposite directions by the drive devices 33a and 33b, and the foreign matter-mixed organic matter A is taken in through the passage space 40 which is the meshing portion of the cutting blade 36 of the rotating protruding tooth 35, and each shaft 32a and 32b. The amount of intake is controlled by the rotation speed of. A large amount of foreign matter B such as organic matter C and garbage bags can be quantitatively fed into the cylindrical body 2 while being efficiently and continuously crushed by the cutting blade 36 of the protruding tooth 35 at the meshing portion. Further, the protruding teeth 35 having the cutting blade 36 formed on one side as in the illustrated example also have an advantage that they are difficult to be deformed by an object that is difficult to crush.
[0032]
By installing the driving devices 33a and 33b for each of the rotating shafts 32a and 32b of the fixed supply crusher 30, it is possible to cope with an overload phenomenon due to clogging of the foreign matter-mixed organic matter A. For example, when foreign matter-contaminated organic matter A is clogged in passage space 40, both shafts 32a and 32b are temporarily stopped, and then both shafts 32a and 32b are simultaneously reversed to remove clogged foreign matter-contaminated organic matter A above passage space 40. It can be removed by pulling it out. Further, by combining the simultaneous rotation of both the shafts 32a and 32b and the rotation of only one of the shafts 32a or 32b, it is possible to adjust the overload when a large amount is charged.
[0033]
In addition, the fixed amount supply crusher 30 in the illustrated example is configured such that the interdental portion of the rotating shaft 32a (or 32b) from the frame side wall 31a (or 31b) facing the group of protruding teeth 35 of each rotating shaft 32a (or 32b). A group of plate-shaped scrapers 37 protruding so as to be engaged with the whole is provided. A group of plate scrapers 37 covers a gap between the frame side wall 31a (and 31b) and the rotating shaft 32a (and 32b) facing the side wall. In a conventional quantitative feeder, when a foreign substance-mixed organic substance A is mixed with plastic, vegetable fibers, string, thread or the like (hereinafter also referred to as string-like foreign substance), the string-like foreign substance is a shaft. In some cases, the vehicle could get in trouble. As shown in FIG. 5, the gap between the frame side walls 31a, 31b and the rotating shafts 32a, 32b is covered with a plate-shaped scraper 37, and only the meshing portion of the cutting blade 36 of the protruding tooth 35 is used as the passage space 40. This makes it possible to efficiently and continuously supply the foreign matter-containing organic substance A while avoiding the entrapment of the string-like foreign matter.
[0034]
As shown in FIG. 6, an example of the plate-shaped scraper 37 is a shaft covering portion 39 that covers the rotation shaft 32a (or 32b) from the frame side wall 31a (or 31b) to the adjacent rotation shaft 32a (or 32b). It is what has. When the diameter-expanded portion 34 is present on the rotary shafts 32a and 32b, the shaft scraper 37 is provided with a shaft covering portion 39 and a scraping portion 38 as shown in the figure, and the shaft covering portion 39 is connected to the shafts 32a and 32b. The string-like foreign matter can be prevented from being caught by scraping the cord-like foreign matter that contacts the enlarged diameter portion 34 with the scraping portion 38 while preventing contact with the fine foreign matter. If necessary, a scraper 37 including only the shaft covering portion 39 or the scraping portion 38 may be used. The clearance between the scraping portion 38 and the shaft is 1 mm or less.
[0035]
Further, the foreign matter separator 1 shown in the figure is provided with a water supply nozzle 49 in the cylindrical body 2 and / or the fixed amount supply crusher 30, and can adjust the moisture in the foreign matter mixed organic matter A taken in from the intake port 16 by water supply from the water supply nozzle 49. It is said. For example, the sticky organic substance C may block the pores 10 of the cylindrical body 2. However, if the viscosity is lowered by adjusting the moisture by supplying water, the blocking of the pores 10 can be avoided. Moreover, the organic substance C with extremely low moisture content can be expected to be efficiently separated from the foreign matter B if it is made heavier by water supply. Furthermore, if the water supply nozzle 49 is a hot water or steam nozzle that supplies hot water or steam, it can be used for thawing frozen substances in cold regions. These water supply nozzles 49 can also be used for cleaning the inside of the cylindrical body 2 after completion of the sorting operation. As the water, hot water, or steam supplied to the nozzle 49, surplus water, hot waste water, or the like generated in a valuable resource recovery system 62 (see FIG. 7) described later can be used.
[0036]
In the embodiment of FIG. 3A, the water supply nozzle 49 of the cylinder 2 and / or the fixed amount supply crusher 30 is connected to the adjusting device 56. For example, the amount of water in the foreign matter-contaminated organic matter A can be adjusted appropriately by manually adjusting the amount of water supplied to each water supply nozzle 49 by the adjusting device 56 in accordance with the type / state of the foreign matter-contaminated organic matter A and the state of separation. . A sensor or the like for detecting the moisture content (moisture content) of the foreign substance A is attached to the cylinder 2 and / or the fixed supply crusher 30, and the water supply amount of each water supply nozzle 49 is adjusted by the adjusting device 56 according to the output of the sensor. You can expect automatic adjustment.
[0037]
As described above, the rotational speed of the rotary shaft 5 and the mounting angle δ of the intake blade 22 are adjusted according to the type and state of the foreign substance A, and the appropriate angle and number of the top wall 3b of the cylindrical body 2 are adjusted. The air guide plate 15 is attached to secure an appropriate in-cylinder residence time of the foreign matter-contaminated organic matter A, and the supply amount of the foreign matter-contaminated organic matter A is eliminated by the fixed supply crusher 30 provided at the intake port 16. By appropriately adjusting the amount of water in the foreign matter-containing organic substance A by supplying the water, efficient separation of the foreign matter B can be expected regardless of the type and state of the foreign matter-containing organic matter A.
[0038]
In the foreign matter sorting machine 1 shown in the drawing, the organic hopper 44 has a tapered shape with a narrow lower end, a screw conveyor 45 is airtightly attached to the lower portion thereof, and a screw-type delivery device 46 is airtightly connected to an outlet of the conveyor 45. A system in which the organic matter C dropped on the organic matter hopper 44 is sent to the screw-type delivery device 46 by the screw conveyor 45, and the delivery device 46 collects valuable resources such as fertilizer, feed, electric power energy, thermal energy from the required place, for example, the organic matter C Transport to 62 (see FIG. 7). According to the conveyor 45 and the delivery device 46 in the illustrated example, the organic matter C can be quickly transported to the required place while avoiding contact with the outside air, so that the problem of odor around the sorting machine can be solved and work efficiency can be improved. In the illustrated example, the water supply nozzle 49 is provided in the organic hopper 44, and the water content of the organic slurry C in the hopper 44 can be adjusted in order to improve workability by the conveyor 45 and the delivery device 46. This water supply nozzle 49 can also be used for cleaning the inside of the hopper 44 after the completion of the sorting operation.
[0039]
Also, the foreign matter sorter 1 shown in the drawing has an outside air-blocking hermetic transfer device 54 connected to the lower part of the foreign matter hopper 51 in an airtight manner, and prevents foreign matter in the hopper 51 from contacting the outside air at a desired location, for example, foreign matter. It can be transferred to the disposal unit 64 (see FIG. 7). As the hermetic transfer device 54, for example, a pipe conveyor using a pipe, a bucket conveyor, or the like can be used. The pipe conveyor and the bucket type conveyor are suitable for transporting the foreign matter B because the foreign matter B can be transported to a required place without being brought into contact with outside air.
[0040]
[Experimental Example 1]
Using the cylindrical body 2 having a total length of 2,938 mm and an outer diameter of 450 mm, the foreign matter sorting machine 1 shown in the figure was prototyped and the system of FIG. 7 was constructed. A supply hopper 13 was provided at the intake 16 of the prototype, and a fixed supply crusher 30 was installed between the hopper 13 and the intake 16. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the fixed supply crusher 30 has a hollow frame 31 having an opening of 585 mm × 535 mm, two rotary shafts 32a and 32b, and separate drive devices 33a and 33b for the respective shafts 32a and 32b. The thing which has was used. To each of the rotating shafts 32a and 32b, four tooth holding rings 35a each having four protruding teeth 35 with an outer diameter of 280 mm and a thickness of 15 mm are attached. The power of the rotating shafts 32a and 32b was 2.2 kW per shaft, and the rotation speed was 12.5 rotations per minute. Furthermore, five plate-shaped scrapers 37 as shown in the illustrated example were attached to each shaft so that no string-like foreign matter was caught in the rotary shafts 32a and 32b. The clearance between the scraping portion 38 of the scraper 37 and the shafts 32a and 32b was 0.5 mm. The normal rotation and inversion of the rotating shafts 32a and 32b are selected based on the measured values of the load current values of the drive devices 33a and 33b.
[0041]
On the top wall 3b of the cylindrical body 2, a plurality of wind guide plates 15 having an angle and a number corresponding to the type and state of the business-type garbage waste A described later are attached. Further, the discharge port 18 is provided in the bottom wall 3a at the rearmost part of the cylindrical body 2 so that a quarter portion of the peripheral wall of the cylindrical body 2 is opened so that the foreign matter B is dropped by the centrifugal force and gravity of the air flow G. I made it. The discharge port 18 has a foreign substance passage cross section as wide as 450 mm × 410 mm, and has a hopper shape to prevent clogging of foreign substances. An exhaust port 42 is formed on the top of the foreign material hopper 51 by a JIS150A nozzle, and the exhaust port 42 is communicated with the intake port 41 of the cylinder 2 through a vent pipe 43 of JIS150A. A porous plate exhaust port strainer 50 having a diameter of 10 mm was attached between the foreign material hopper 51 and the exhaust port 42 so that the foreign material B did not enter the exhaust port 42.
[0042]
A sealed transport device 54 using a JIS 150A transport pipe 52 (52a, 52b) was connected to the outlet of the foreign material hopper 51, and the path of the sealed transport device 54 was connected to the foreign material disposal unit 64. As shown in FIG. 2B, the transport device 54 used in this prototype machine has a chain 54a in which a plurality of partition plates 54b are fixed at appropriate intervals inside the transport pipe 52, and pipes 52a, 52b. This is a mechanism for scraping out the foreign matter B stacked between the partition plates 54b by driving the chain 54a with a drive mechanism (for example, an electric motor) 53 (see FIG. 1) provided above. Further, an organic hopper 44 is provided below the left and right tangent lines of the cylinder 2 and a screw conveyor 45 is attached to the outlet of the organic hopper 44 to enable continuous discharge. Further, a screw-type pump (delivery device) 46 is attached to the outlet of the screw conveyor 45, and the transport pipe 47 is arranged from the pump 46 to the valuable resource recovery system 62. The power of the screw conveyor 45 was 1.5 kW, and the rotation speed was 60 rotations per minute.
[0043]
Three JIS15A water supply nozzles 49 are provided on the supply hopper 13 and 15 on the diagonally upper part of the cylinder 2 (40 degrees above the horizontal) in order to supply water for water adjustment, internal cleaning, thawing, hot water, or steam. Nine pieces were attached to both sides of the organic matter hopper 44 upward (45 degrees above horizontal).
[0044]
Using this prototype machine, bagging business waste A discharged from a large commercial facility was appropriately put into the hopper 13 and subjected to continuous separation. As a result, the foreign matter separator 1 of the present invention was used. It was confirmed that the foreign matter-contaminated organic matter A could be continuously separated, and the odor concentration around the apparatus was kept extremely low. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the foreign matter-contaminated organic matter A such as instant noodles and seaweed can be reliably separated without adjusting the water supply from the water supply nozzle 49 without causing a short pass. For example, breads, vegetables, wood chips and the like that have been difficult to separate from the foreign object B can be efficiently separated from the foreign object B according to the foreign object separator 1 of the present invention.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
  As described above, the deodorizing foreign matter sorting machine according to the present invention has an intake port at one end of a cylinder and an exhaust port at the bottom wall of the other end, and the gap between one end of the cylinder bottom wall and the discharge port. A rotary blade having a radial tip is fixed to the rotation axis on the longitudinal axis on the inner side of the cylindrical body with a radial tip facing the cylindrical bottom wall through a minute gap, and the air flow in the cylindrical body is fixed to the cylindrical top wall. TheDirection crossing the rotation axis of the rotor bladeA wind guide plate is attached to the tube, and a foreign substance-incorporated organic substance inlet is drilled in a direction crossing the rotation axis at a portion of the cylinder top wall facing the upstream side of the air flow, and an organic hopper is connected airtightly below the pore group. In addition, a foreign matter hopper having an exhaust port with a strainer is connected in an airtight manner below the exhaust port, and the exhaust port and the intake port are connected in an airtight manner on the outside of the cylinder by a ventilation pipe, and the rotary shaft or the rotor blade on the intake port side end Since the intake vanes that circulate the air in the foreign material hopper back into the cylinder through the exhaust port, the vent pipe, and the intake port during rotation of the shaft are attached, the following remarkable effects can be obtained.
[0046]
(B) Since most of the air discharged together with the foreign matter is returned to the cylinder and circulated again, the odor in the air in the cylinder can be substantially confined in the apparatus, and external leakage of the odor can be minimized. .
(B) By receiving the organic matter and the foreign matter with the hopper, the odor from the organic matter and the foreign matter can be confined inside the apparatus.
(C) The pulverized organic matter received by the organic hopper can be sent out continuously and without contact with the outside air by a screw-type delivery device, and can be expected to contribute to the efficiency of the sorting operation.
(D) The foreign matter received by the foreign matter hopper can be continuously conveyed by the hermetic type conveying device without contacting with the outside air, and it can be expected to contribute to the efficiency of collecting the foreign matter.
[0047]
(E) Foreign matter contamination Adjust the rotational speed of the rotary shaft and the attachment angle of the intake vanes according to the type and state of the organic matter, and attach the appropriate angle and number of baffle plates to the top wall of the cylinder to introduce foreign matter. Efficient separation is possible regardless of the type and state of organic matter.
(F) A further improvement in the separation performance can be expected by providing a water supply nozzle in the cylinder so that the moisture of the foreign matter-containing organic substance can be adjusted.
(G) Furthermore, the cylinder after the separation process can be cleaned using a water supply nozzle.
(H) By providing the discharge port downward at the rearmost part of the cylindrical body, foreign matter can be smoothly discharged using centrifugal force and gravity, and foreign matter can be prevented from staying at the discharge port.
(Ii) By attaching a biaxial fixed-feed crusher having a protruding tooth group and a driving device for each axis to the intake, a large amount of foreign matter-contaminated organic matter can be separated continuously, stably, and efficiently. it can.
(N) By providing a plate scraper for preventing the entanglement of string-like foreign substances in the fixed supply crushing machine, further stabilization and efficiency improvement of the continuous separation processing of the foreign substance-containing organic substances can be expected.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of the device of the present invention.
2 is a front view and a rear view of the apparatus of FIG. 1 as viewed from the inlet side and the outlet side.
FIG. 3 is a schematic side view showing the foreign matter sorting action of the apparatus of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention provided with a constant supply crusher.
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the quantitative supply crusher of FIG. 4 as viewed from above.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a scraper portion of the fixed amount supply crusher of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of an embodiment of the present invention in combination with a valuable resource recovery system.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of an example of a conventional foreign matter separating apparatus.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a rotor blade, a cutter fin member, and an intake blade of the separation device of FIG.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the separation device of FIG. 8 as seen from line XX.
11 is a cross-sectional view of the separation device of FIG. 8 as seen from line XI-XI.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram of another example of a conventional foreign matter separating apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Foreign matter separator 1a, 1b ... Foreign matter separation device
2 ... Cylinder (drum) 3 ... Surrounding wall
3a ... Bottom wall 3b ... Top wall
4 ... Leg 5 ... Rotating shaft
5a ... Bearing 6 ... Rotating blade (plate blade)
7 ... Tip edge of rotor blade 8 ... Resilient plate
9 ... Rotary drive device 10 ... pore
11 ... Air supply hole 12 ... Air flow path
13 ... Supply hopper 14 ... Airflow guide
15 ... Breeding plate 16 ... Inlet
17 ... Intake duct 18 ... Discharge port
19 ... Exhaust duct 20 ... Cutter fin member
21 ... Serrated edge 22 ... Intake vane
24 ... Reverse air flow guide means 25 ... Reverse air guide plate
27 ... Lower half 28 ... Upper half
29… Belt 30… Constant feeding crusher
31 ... Hollow frame 31a, 31b ... Frame side wall
32 ... Rotating shaft 33 ... Drive device
34… Diameter 35… Protruding teeth
35a ... Teeth retaining ring 36 ... Cutting blade
37 ... Scraper 38 ... Scraper
39 ... Shaft cover 40 ... Passing space
41… Inlet 41a… Inlet connection
41b… Intake duct 42… Exhaust port
42b… Exhaust duct 43… Ventilation pipe
44 ... Organic hopper 45 ... Screw conveyor
46… Screw delivery device 47… Transport pipe
49 ... Water supply nozzle 50 ... Exhaust port strainer
51 ... Foreign material hopper 52, 52a, 52b ... Conveying pipe
53 ... Drive mechanism 54 ... Conveyor
54a ... Chain 54b ... Partition plate
56 ... Water supply control device 57 ... Signal cable
60 ... Waste transporter 61 ... Waste storage tank
62 ... valuable resource recovery system 63 ... screw conveyor
64 ... Foreign matter disposal unit
70 ... High density material selection means 71 ... Belt conveyor
72 ... Receiving container 73 ... Gas cyclone means
73a… Air outlet 74… Cyclone section
75 ... Air return system 76 ... Air return system blower
77 ... Destruction means 78 ... Packaging volume reduction system
79 ... Solid forming means 80 ... Solid conveying means
A ... Foreign matter mixed organic matter (organic waste)
B ... Foreign matter C ... Organic matter
E: Direction of rotation of rotor blades G: Air flow
N: Forward rotation direction R: Reverse rotation direction

Claims

A horizontal cylinder having an intake port at one end in the longitudinal direction and a discharge port at the bottom wall at the other end, a group of pores formed between one end of the cylinder bottom wall and the discharge port, the cylinder A rotary blade fixed to a rotation axis on the longitudinal axis on the inner side of the body and having a radial tip facing the bottom wall of the cylinder through a minute gap, air formed between the rotation area of the rotary blade and the top wall of the cylinder A flow guide plate attached to the top wall of the cylinder and guiding the air flow in the air flow path in a direction crossing the rotation axis of the rotor blade ; Intake of foreign matter-contaminated organic matter drilled in a direction intersecting with the rotation axis, organic matter hopper connected hermetically below the pore group, foreign matter hopper hermetically connected below the outlet and having an exhaust port with a strainer, the exhaust Ventilation pipe that communicates air and inlet with airtight outside of cylindrical body, and said rotary shaft or rotary blade Deodorant type foreign matter sorting machine comprising an intake vanes circulating the during rotation of an air intake port side end of the axial air in the foreign material hopper back through the outlet and the vent pipe and the air inlet into the cylinder body.

The sorter according to claim 1, wherein the rotary shaft is connected to a rotation driving device capable of adjusting a rotation speed of the shaft.

3. The sorter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the intake vanes are attached to the rotary shaft or the rotary vanes so as to be adjustable in angle.

4. The separator according to claim 1, wherein a pair of horizontal rotation shafts supported in the hollow frame body, a pair of rotation driving devices for each shaft, and a shaft projecting from each shaft toward an opposing shaft. An anti-odor type foreign matter sorting machine provided with a constant supply crusher having a cutting tooth group.

5. The sorting machine according to claim 4, wherein the fixed-feed crusher protrudes from the side wall of the frame facing the cutting tooth group of each rotary shaft so as to engage the whole of the cutting teeth of the rotary shaft. And an anti-odor type foreign matter sorting machine provided with a plate-shaped scraper group covering the gap between the rotary shaft and the rotary shaft.

6. The separator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a water supply nozzle is provided in the cylindrical body and / or the quantitative feed crusher.

7. The separator according to claim 6, wherein a deodorizing foreign matter separator is provided with an adjusting device for adjusting the amount of water supplied from the water supply nozzle.

8. The separator according to claim 6, wherein the water supply nozzle is a hot water or steam nozzle.

9. The sorter according to claim 1, wherein a screw-type delivery device is hermetically coupled to a lower portion of the organic hopper.

10. The sorter according to claim 9, wherein a water supply nozzle is provided in the organic hopper.

11. The separator according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein a sealed conveying device is hermetically coupled to a lower part of the foreign hopper.