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JP4036150B2 - Wheel bearing device in grinding machine - Google Patents
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JP4036150B2 - Wheel bearing device in grinding machine - Google Patents

Wheel bearing device in grinding machine Download PDF

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JP4036150B2
JP4036150B2 JP2003194071A JP2003194071A JP4036150B2 JP 4036150 B2 JP4036150 B2 JP 4036150B2 JP 2003194071 A JP2003194071 A JP 2003194071A JP 2003194071 A JP2003194071 A JP 2003194071A JP 4036150 B2 JP4036150 B2 JP 4036150B2
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grindstone
shaft
shafts
cylindrical portion
pair
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JP2005028473A (en
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賀生 若園
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JTEKT Corp
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JTEKT Corp
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Priority to US10/842,487 priority patent/US7086937B2/en
Priority to EP20040011216 priority patent/EP1481762A1/en
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Description

【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、研削盤、好適には円筒研削盤の砥石台前部に搭載される砥石軸受装置の構成に関するものである。
【0001】
【従来の技術】
研削盤において砥石の支持剛性の強化と小型化を実現し、かつ砥石の交換作業を容易にするために、分割砥石軸を回転支持する砥石軸受装置が特許文献1及び特許文献2に記載されている。これら公知の分割砥石軸受装置においては、同一軸線上の左右に配置された一対の砥石軸を砥石台の前部に搭載したそれぞれのラジアル軸受装置、特に流体軸受装置により回転自在に支持し、両砥石軸を対向端部において連結する連結手段を設け、この連結手段を非連結状態に操作して一方の砥石軸に対し他方の砥石軸を離間させ、前記砥石を一方の砥石軸の外周に螺刻されたねじ部に螺合する固定ナットによって固定している。
【0002】
これら公知の装置では、両砥石軸の対向端部の結合は、一方の砥石軸の内端面に開口したテーパ内孔に他方の砥石軸の内端部から突出するテーパコーンを嵌合させ、前記一方の砥石軸の内端部外周に螺合する螺子リングによりテーパコーンをテーパ内孔に嵌合圧着する構成が採用されている。
【特許文献1】
特開平6−47662号公報 (第2頁右欄〜第4頁左欄、図1、図4)
【特許文献2】
特開平6−47663号公報 (第3頁、第4頁右欄、図1、図4、)
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上述した特許文献1及び2に記載された装置においては、一方の砥石軸と他方の砥石軸との結合は、テーパ内孔とテーパコーンの結合であり、このような結合では、両砥石軸を再結合するとき、嵌合部のテーパ面当たりの変動により両砥石軸間の同芯性を高精度に再現できず、両砥石軸の結合強度を高めることが困難である。
【0004】
さらに、砥石交換時においては、砥石軸に螺刻されたねじ部から固定ナットを取り外して砥石を砥石軸より抜き取った後、新たな砥石を砥石軸に嵌合し固定ナットを締め込んで固定する必要があり、砥石の着脱に手間がかかる。特に一対の砥石軸に挟まれた空間において、これら一連の作業を行うのは容易なことでなく、砥石交換作業を一層困難にしていた。
従って、本発明の課題は、両砥石軸の再結合時における同芯性を向上し、両砥石軸の結合強度を高め、かつ砥石交換の容易な分割式砥石軸受装置を得ることにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段と作用及び発明の効果】
上記の課題を解決するため、請求項1に記載の発明の構成上の特徴は、同一軸線上で回転される左右一対の砥石軸を対向端部で一体結合し、この結合部近辺に砥石を固定し、前記一対の砥石軸を分離することにより前記砥石軸から前記砥石を取り外し可能とした研削盤における砥石軸受装置において、砥石台の前部に固定される左右一対のラジアル流体軸受装置と、前記ラジアル流体軸受装置によりそれぞれが回転自在に支持される左右一対の砥石軸と、前記左右一対の砥石軸のいずれか片方をスラスト方向に支持するスラスト軸受機構と、前記一対の砥石軸の対向端部を選択的に結合分離するためこれら対向端部間に内蔵した軸結合機構と、前記砥石軸の対向端部では一方の砥石軸の端部にストレート円筒部を介してテーパ円筒部を突出させ、他方の砥石軸の端部にテーパ内孔を形成し、前記砥石に形成された装着穴を前記ストレート円筒部に嵌合し、前記一方の砥石軸のストレート円筒部の基部から径方向に延びる垂直端面と前記他方の砥石軸の前記テーパ内孔の開口から径方向に延びる垂直端面とを前記砥石の両側面に面接触させ、前記両砥石軸を前記軸結合機構により引き寄せることにより前記テーパ円筒部とテーパ内孔とを密着嵌合させるとともに、前記砥石を前記両垂直端面間に挟着することである。
【0006】
この構成によれば、軸結合機構により両砥石軸が結合されるとき、一方の砥石軸の端部から突出するテーパ円筒部と他方の砥石軸の端部のテーパ内孔とが同芯性を保って引き寄せられて密着嵌合し、同時に一方の砥石軸の垂直端面と他方の砥石軸の垂直端面とがそれぞれ砥石側面に面接触し、両垂直端面が砥石側面を挟着するとともに、両砥石軸がテーパ面嵌合と垂直端面接触と面当たりして一体結合される。結合状態にある両砥石軸は、砥石に研削抵抗が作用するとき、テーパ嵌合部と垂直端面の接触部とで砥石軸の折れ曲げ作用に対し強固に抵抗する。特に、両垂直端面の接触部は砥石の両側面を挟みこんで、砥石を両側から互いに支え合うので、大きな曲げモーメントに対し互いに反発して抵抗する。これにより、砥石の支持強度が増強されると共に、結合状態における両砥石軸の軸剛性が向上され、研削抵抗に対し砥石を切り込み位置に精密に保持でき、寸法精度が向上される。
【0007】
さらに、砥石交換では、軸結合機構による両砥石軸の結合が解除されるとき、テーパ円筒とテーパ内孔との密着嵌合が緩められ、同時に砥石両側面が両垂直端面から分離される。これにより砥石はストレート円筒部上でスライド可能な状態となり、その後、使用後の砥石がストレート円筒部から抜き取られ、新たな砥石がストレート円筒部に嵌め込まれ、軸結合機構による両砥石軸の結合動作と砥石の砥石軸への固定動作が同時に行われる。
【0008】
従って、機上の両砥石軸の間では、砥石をストレート円筒部に嵌合し、軸結合機構により両砥石軸を結合するだけの簡単な動作で、砥石交換を素早くかつ容易に行うことができる。
【0009】
請求項2に記載の発明の構成上の特徴は、請求項1に記載の装置において、砥石が、ストレート円筒部の外周に嵌合する装着穴及び前記一対の砥石軸とが面接触する両側面が形成されたフランジと、このフランジの側面に固定手段により固定される砥石本体とから構成されることである。
【0010】
この構成によれば、研削に関与する砥石本体の形状に係りなく、所定形状に形成されたフランジを介して砥石を砥石軸に取り付けることができるので、機外において所望の研削を行うための砥石本体を固定手段によってフランジに固定することにより、両砥石軸間に種々の砥石を簡単に取り付けることができる。
【0011】
請求項3に記載の発明の構成上の特徴は、請求項1又は2に記載の装置において、前記ストレート円筒部が前記装着穴に嵌合して前記砥石を支持した状態で、前記テーパ円筒部は他方の対向端面に形成された前記テーパ内孔に嵌合され、前記軸結合機構は前記他方の砥石軸に固定して内蔵され前記テーパ円筒部の外周面を外方に膨張して前記テーパ内孔面に密着させながら前記他方の砥石軸を一方の砥石軸に引き寄せて前記他方の砥石軸の前記垂直端面及び前記一方の砥石軸の垂直端面の間に前記砥石を挟着させたことである。
【0012】
【実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態に係る砥石軸受装置を備えた研削盤について図面を参照して説明する。図1において、11は円筒研削盤を示し、円筒研削盤11は、ベッド12を有する。ベッド12は、図示左側の前部側の上面にワーク支持駆動装置20を搭載し、図示右側の後部側の上面に砥石台装置30を搭載している。ワーク支持駆動装置20は、ベッド12上に固定のワークテーブル21から立設されたサポート22の側面に一対のリニアガイド23に沿って紙面と垂直方向に位置調整可能に搭載固定されている。ワーク支持駆動装置20は、主軸台24と図略の心押台とで構成され、ワークWを水平軸線の周りに回転自在に支持し、主軸モータ25により回転できるように構成されている。
【0013】
一方、砥石台装置30は、ベッド12の後部上面で紙面と垂直方向に延びて固定された一対のリニアガイド31に沿ってリニアモータ32より左右方向に移動されるスライド33を備える。砥石台34は、スライド33上で図示左右方向に伸びる一対のリニアガイド35(1つのみ図示)に沿って図略のリニアモータにより進退できるように搭載されている。砥石台34の前部には砥石軸受ユニット40が搭載され、後述する砥石軸が回転自在に支持されている。この砥石軸には、砥石本体Gaが後述するフランジFを介して取り付けられ、この砥石軸は、砥石台34の後部に搭載された駆動モータ36の出力軸に固着したプーリ36aとベルト37を介して回転連結され、駆動モータ36の回転動力を砥石本体Gaに伝達できるようにしている。なお、符号38はベルトテンション調整機構、39は研削液供給ノズル、39aは同ノズル39へ研削液を給送する給送管路をそれぞれ示す。
【0014】
さて、砥石軸受ユニット40の正面図及び拡大水平断面図をそれぞれ示す図2及び図3において、砥石軸受ユニット40は、ユニットベース41、正面から観て右側及び左側に配置され各々四角でボルト締めされたラジアル軸受装置42、43、及び右端のスラスト軸受装置44を主要構成要素としている。ユニットベース41は、前面中央部に砥石周縁部を受け入れる弧状空間41aが形成され、この弧状空間41aの右側の前面に右ラジアル軸受装置42が固着されている。
【0015】
この右ラジアル軸受装置42は、ワークWの水平回転軸線と平行な軸線上で、主砥石軸45を軸受金46の内周面に発生される圧油のような圧力流体の静圧力により回転自在に支持する静圧流体軸受の構成となっている。この主砥石軸45は、右端にスラスト軸受端部としての小径部45aが形成され、この小径部45aにおいてユニットベース41に固着されたスラスト軸受装置44の一対のアンギュラコンタクトベアリング47により回転支持されている。転がり軸受としてのこの一対のアンギュラコンタクトベアリング47は、小径部45aをラジアル方向に回転自在に支持すると共に、スラスト方向にも回転支持し、主砥石軸45を軸方向移動不能に支持している。
【0016】
これにより、スラスト軸受装置44と隣接するラジアル軸受装置42との間に跨って延びる主砥石軸45には、スラスト軸受装置44とラジアル軸受装置42との間でプーリ48がキー止めされ、このプーリ48に作用するベルトテンションをラジアル軸受装置42の静圧力とスラスト軸受装置44のアンギュラコンタクトベアリング47により分担して両持支持し、ベルトテンションに対する大きな抵抗力を発揮できるようにしている。また、小径部45aをスラスト軸受するようにしたので、アンギュラコンタクトベアリング47の外形を小さくでき、これらベアリング47の回転周速度を下げて発熱を抑制し、駆動モータ36の回転動力の消費を低減させる省エネルギ効果が得られる。
【0017】
一方、弧状空間41aの右側の前面に右ラジアル軸受装置42が固着され、 この右ラジアル軸受装置42は、ワークWの水平回転軸線と平行な軸線上で、主砥石軸45を軸受金46の内周面に発生される圧油のような圧力流体の静圧力により回転自在に支持する静圧流体軸受の構成となっている。
【0018】
主砥石軸45の左端部にはフランジFの側面に当接する垂直端面45tが形成され、軸連結機構60が組み込まれている。フランジFは、中心に装着穴Fhが形成され、径方向に拡大する金属製の円盤であり、その副砥石軸52側の側面Ftには、砥石本体Gaが複数本の取り付けボルト49により着脱可能に固着されている。砥石本体Gaは、例えば、金属製の砥石基板50aの外周に超砥粒として例えばCBN砥粒層50bを固着して構成されたりしている。なお、本実施例では、これら砥石基板50aと砥粒層50bの構成を砥石本体Gaと称し、さらに、この砥石本体GaとフランジFからなる構成体を砥石Gと称す。
【0019】
軸連結機構60は、副砥石軸52を主砥石軸45に一体的に連結し、これにより、砥石本体Ga及びフランジFを、これら砥石本体Ga及びフランジFの右側及び左側に配置した主・副のラジアル軸受装置42、43により両側から支持するようにしている。すなわち、弧状空間41aを挟んだユニットベース41の左側前面には、副ラジアル軸受装置43が固着され、この軸受装置43は、前記主砥石軸45の回転軸線上でこれと同芯に副砥石軸52を軸受金53の内周面に発生される圧力流体の静圧力により回転自在に支持する静圧流体軸受の構成となっている。副砥石軸52は左端側から円筒形の内部空間が形成され、この空間内に自動バランス取り装置54が組み込まれている。
【0020】
このバランス取り装置54は公知のもので、前記軸連結機構60により一体結合される主及び副砥石軸45、52及びこれに取り付けられた砥石G(フランジF及び砥石本体Ga)を含む回転系のバランスを自動修正する。簡単に説明すれば、バランス取り装置54は、2個の錘体を内蔵しそれぞれ独立した電動機により円周方向に割り出し、上記回転系のアンバランス量が最大となる角度位相位置と反対の角度位相にアンバランス量と等量の補正バランス量を形成するように動作する。副砥石軸52の左端の開口部には、回転送受信装置55aが固着されている。回転送受信装置55aは、バランス取り装置54に内蔵される前記電動機を駆動制御する駆動制御回路を内蔵している。また、回転送受信装置55aは、バランス取り装置54に取り付けられたAEサンサの信号を出力し、砥石本体GaとワークWの接触検知を行えるように構成されている。
【0021】
非回転送受信装置55bは、回転送受信装置55aの左端面と微小隙間Tmを有して対向する右端面を有し、両端面間で信号及びモータ駆動電力の授受を無線で非接触により可能にしている。すなわち、非回転送受信装置55bは、回転送受信装置55aに対し、前記電動機に対する駆動電力を供給すると共に、ユニットベース41上の適宜箇所、好ましくは砥石本体Gaに接近した背部に固定配置した振動センサVSからの検出信号を伝達するようにしている。また、非回転送受信装置55bは回転送受信装置55aから前記AEセンサの出力を受け取り、研削盤を制御する図略のCNC装置へ入力する。非回転送受信装置55bは、支持板57に固定されている。支持板57は、長穴57aを挿通するボルト58により、ユニットベース41に固定されている。これにより、ボルト58を緩めることにより、非回転送受信装置55bを取り付けた支持板57を左右方向にスライド可能としている。
【0022】
図4は、軸連結機構60を内蔵する主副砥石軸45、52の連結部近辺の拡大断面図を示す。副砥石軸52の右端部には、砥石軸軸線と平行に伸びてフランジFの装着穴Fhが嵌合されるストレート円筒部59を介してテーパ円筒部61が突出され、このテーパ円筒部61には、ストレート円筒部59の内周まで続く円筒穴62と、拡大穴63が形成されている。副砥石軸52の右端部には、更にストレート円筒部59の基部から径方向外方に延び、フランジFの側面Faに当接する垂直端面52tが形成されている。主砥石軸45の左端部には、テーパ円筒部61の外周面と密着嵌合するテーパ内孔65が形成され、このテーパ内孔65が開口する端面は、フランジFの側面Fbと密着結合される垂直端面45tを形成している。テーパ円筒部61がテーパ内孔65に嵌合されると、基部が主砥石軸45に一体固着されてテーパ内孔65に内蔵された概略円筒状の結合ヘッド66の連結部が円筒穴62に挿入される。連結部は、直径方向の両端部に収容溝が形成され、これら収容溝にそれぞれ連結駒67、67を径方向に出没可能に収容している。連結駒67、67は、連結部に直径方向に挿通された螺子ピン68の両端部に形成された一対の螺子部に螺子係合している。これら一対の螺子部は互いに逆方向のリードとして形成されている。螺子ピン68の両端面には、操作部が形成され、この操作部として例えば6角のレンチ穴が穿孔されている。また、このレンチ穴と同心に主砥石軸45及びテーパ円筒部61には直径方向に横断するレンチ挿入用の挿通穴45h及び61hがそれぞれ開口されている。
【0023】
従って、これら挿通穴45h及び61hを通して図略のレンチの先端を螺子ピン68のレンチ穴に挿入して螺子ピン68を回転することにより、連結駒67、67を径方向外方にせり出して前記テーパ円筒部61の拡大穴63に形成された収納溝に係合して連結位置と、前記連結部の収容溝から離脱する連結解除位置とに選択的に割り出し可能としている。また、連結駒67、67の一方の内方部の側面には斜面が形成され、これに喰い付き解除ピン69が係合している。従って、連結駒67、67を収容溝内から離脱させて連結を解除するとき、喰い付き解除ピン69が軸動されて副砥石軸52の円筒穴62の奥底端面を押圧し、テーパ円筒部61の外周面とテーパ内孔65との喰い付き状態を解除するようにしている。
【0024】
さらに、フランジFとラジアル軸受装置46との間には、カバー機構64が装着されている。このカバー機構64においては、先端部をフランジFの側面Fbに開口された内周面環状溝Fcと非接触で係合して迷路を形成するラビリンスシール部64aとして構成している。これにより、フランジFの内周面と主砥石軸45の垂直端面45t及び副砥石軸52のストレート円筒部59に研削屑、砥粒及び研削液等の異物が侵入しないようにしている。なお、このカバー機構64の一部には、挿通孔45hと連通する切り欠き部が形成されている。また、砥石本体Gaと副ラジアル軸受装置43との間には、テレスコピック式のカバー機構70が装着されている。このカバー機構70においては、固定円筒カバー71がそのフランジ部を副ラジアル軸受装置43に固定した状態で副砥石軸52の外周を包囲する円筒部を砥石本体Ga側に張り出している。また、可動円筒カバー72は、固定円筒カバー71の円筒部の外周にスライド位置調整可能に嵌合される共に、外周環状溝が形成された先端部を砥石本体Gaの砥石基板50aの側面に開口された内周面環状溝50cと非接触で係合して迷路を形成するラビリンスシール部72aとして構成している。これにより、砥石本体Gaの内周面と副砥石軸52との嵌合面に研削屑、砥粒及び研削液等の異物が侵入しないようにしている。可動円筒カバー72は、通常は螺子73により固定されている。
【0025】
次に、上記のように構成された実施形態の動作を説明する。
研削作業が指令されると、主軸台24に支持されたワークWが回転され、スライド33の左右位置決め送り及び砥石台33の前進送りが行われて、回転中の砥石本体GaのCBN砥粒層50bがワークWに係合し、ワークWの円筒面が研削される。砥石台33が前進送りを開始すると同時に、研削液が図略の研削液供給装置から給送管路39aへ送出され、研削液供給ノズル39からワークWと砥石本体Gaとの接触点である研削点近辺に向けて吐出される。
【0026】
一方、駆動モータ36は、この研削盤への電源投与と同時に回転駆動され、以降常時回転が維持される。主砥石軸45は、駆動モータ36により駆動されるベルト37の回転動力をプーリ48により受け、回転駆動される。この場合、プーリ48に作用するベルトの張力は、その左側の大形のラジアル軸受42及び右側のアンギュラコンタクトベアリング47により、分担して支持され、これにより、主砥石軸45の傾きが防止され、加工精度への悪影響を排除している。軸連結機構60が副砥石軸52を主砥石軸44に対し一体結合しているため、主砥石軸45の回転が副砥石軸52へ伝達され、両者は一体回転される。砥石本体Gaは、主砥石軸45及び副砥石軸52の両垂直端面45t、52tに挟着されたフランジFが主砥石軸45の回転力を受けてこれと共に一体回転する。この場合、フランジFの装着穴Fhがストレート円筒部59に嵌合され、両側面Fa,Fbが両垂直端面45t、52tに挟着されると共に、両砥石軸45、52が一体結合されているので、左右のラジアル軸受装置43、42によりラジアル方向に両側支持され、ワークWが砥石Gに及ぼす研削抵抗に対し強固かつ大きな剛性で砥石Gを左右のラジアル軸受装置43、42の回転中心に保持する。
【0027】
また、砥石本体GaはフランジFが主砥石軸45の垂直端面45tに密接して支持されると共に、副砥石軸52の垂直端面52tに密接して支持される。これにより、砥石支持力が両砥石軸45、52に分担されるので、砥石Gの支持強度が増強されると共に、砥石自体が両砥石軸45、52に作用する曲げモーメントに抵抗して矯正する矯正手段として作用する。この結果、砥石軸に対する砥石Gの芯出しが容易となることに加えて、両砥石軸の剛性が一層強化される。このため、ワークに対する切り込み速度を増加した重研削或いは高能率研削を実現できると共に、研削抵抗に屈して砥石Gが逃げないので、高い寸法精度の研削を遂行できる。また、一体結合状態における主及び副砥石軸45及び52のスラスト荷重は、アンギュラコンタクトベアリング47により支持される。このアンギュラコンタクトベアリング47は、静圧スラスト軸受のように静圧流体膜を介在させずに小径部45aを直接支持するので、スラスト剛性を強固にでき、また小径部45aに対応して小径のベアリングを使用できるので、発熱が小さく、駆動モータ36の消費動力を節約できる省エネルギ効果を奏する。
【0028】
両砥石軸45、52が一体回転している間、砥石本体Gaと左ラジアル軸受装置43との間に配置したカバー機構70は、可動円筒カバー72をシールリング75を介して固定円筒カバー71外周に液密嵌合させると共に、その先端部のラビリンスシール部72aを砥石基板50aの内周面環状溝50cに非接触で係合してラビリンスシールを構成する。このため、砥石及び砥石軸45、52周囲に飛散しこれらと共に周回する砥粒、研削屑及び研削液等の異物が副砥石軸52と砥石基板50aの内孔50hとの嵌合部並びにフランジFの側面と垂直端面52tとの密着部に侵入することが防止される。これにより、副砥石軸52と砥石基板50aの内孔50hの嵌合面並びに、フランジFの側面と垂直端面52tとの密着面が損傷されることが防止され、両者の嵌合を永続的に高精度に維持できる。
【0029】
両砥石軸45、52が一体回転する間、副砥石軸52に内蔵した自動バランス取り装置54が動作し、砥石本体Ga、フランジF及び両砥石軸45、52を含む回転系のアンバランスを自動修正する。すなわち、ユニットベース41上に固着した振動センサVSの出力が非回転送受信装置55bから無接触で回転送受信装置55aに伝達され、これにより回転送受信装置55aは自動バランス取り装置54に内蔵の2つの電動機の駆動を制御し、2つの錘体の位相を調整して前記回転系のアンバランスを除去する。この電動機による錘体の位相調整動作は、振動センサVSの出力信号が所定の閾値以下にするように自動制御される。本実施の形態においては、自動バランス取り装置54が従動側の副砥石軸54に内蔵されているので、回転系全体のアンバランスに正確に反応し、特に軸連結部の緩みが原因するアンバランス振動を正確に補正できる効果が奏せられる。
【0030】
また、副砥石軸52に内蔵の図略のAEセンサの出力信号は、回転送受信装置55aから無接触で非回転送受信装置55bに伝達される。この信号が適宜処理されることにより、砥石台34の切り込み送り動作において砥石本体Gaの砥粒層50bがワークWに対し接触される瞬間が検出され、この検出動作信号に基づいて、例えば砥石台34の切り込み送り速度を変更する等の制御が行われる。
【0031】
さて、砥石本体Gaの砥粒層50bの消耗または、加工すべきワークWの種類変更に伴って砥石本体Gaの交換が必要となる。この場合、カバー機構の切欠き、主砥石軸45、テーパ円筒部61の挿通穴45h及び61hを通して図5(A)に示すレンチWRの先端を螺子ピン68のレンチ穴に挿入し、螺子ピン68を回転する。これにより、連結駒67、67が拡大穴63の収容溝に密着係合する連結位置から前記連結部の収容溝内から離脱する連結解除位置へ移動され、これと共に喰い付き解除ピン69が軸動されて副砥石軸52の円筒穴62の奥底端面を押圧して、テーパ円筒部61の外周面とテーパ内孔65との喰い付き状態が解除される。これにより、フランジFの両側面Fa,Fbと両垂直端面45t,52tとの挟着状態が弛緩される。
【0032】
さらに、図5(A)に示すように、可動円筒カバー72はその螺子73(図4)が緩められて図示左方の交換位置へ戻され、支持板57を固定しているボルト58を緩めて、長穴57aの範囲内でユニットベース41に対し支持板57を図5(B)に示すように左方の後退位置へ非回転送受信装置55bと共に後退させる。この状態においては、副砥石軸52は左ラジアル軸受装置43の軸受金53の内周面に発生されている圧力流体の静圧力により回転支持された状態で軸方向移動が可能である。従って、砥石本体Ga及びフランジFを適宜仮受け手段で保持した状態で、副砥石軸52を後部から引っ張ることにより、副砥石軸52を図5(B)に示すように左方へ移動する。フランジFをストレート円筒部59及びテーパ円筒部61から引き抜いて、砥石Gを副砥石軸52から取り外す。
【0033】
そして、砥石本体Ga及びフランジFからなる砥石Gを新たなものと交換し、上記とは逆の手順により、新たな砥石Gが図3に示すように再び両砥石軸45、52に取り付けされる。この場合、予め、適宜仮受け手段で新たな砥石Gを主副砥石軸45,52の間に置に移した状態で、副砥石軸52を少し主砥石側にシフトさせるか、あるいは、新たな砥石Gを移動させ、副砥石軸52のストレート円筒部59をフランジFの装着穴Fhに嵌合させる。次に、副砥石軸52を主砥石軸45側にシフトさせ、テーパ円筒部61をテーパ内孔65に挿入してフランジFの側面Fbが垂直端面45tと当接するようにする。この状態で、軸連結機構60がレンチWRを用いて操作され、連結駒67、67が外方に張り出されてテーパ円筒部61の拡大穴63に形成された収容溝内に押圧密着される。これにより、テーパ円筒部61が僅かに膨張されてテーパ内孔65と密着嵌合がなされ、かつ連結駒67,68と収容溝によるテーパ作用により主副砥石軸45、52が引き寄せられて両垂直端面45t、52tがフランジFの両側面Fa,Fbを挟着しする。これらテーパと端面による2面拘束により副砥石軸52が主砥石軸45に一体結合されとともにフランジFが副砥石軸52と主砥石軸45に結合される。そして、密着結合される垂直端面45t、52tとフランジ側面Fa,Fb同士は互いに反発して砥石軸に作用する曲げモーメントに強力に抵抗する。
【0034】
上記した実施形態においては砥石GをフランジFと砥石本体Ga(砥石基板50aと砥粒層50b)から構成し、フランジFの両側面Fa,Fbを挟着するようにしたが、砥石本体Gaの砥石基板50aの側面を直接垂直端面52t、45tに挟着させるようにしてもよい。さらに、砥石本体Gaが砥石基板50aと砥粒層50bから構成される砥石でなく、砥石全体が砥粒で構成される一般的な砥石を用いることもできる。
【0035】
また、主砥石軸45側をスラスト方向に支持したが、副砥石軸52をスラスト軸受機構によりスラスト方向に支持し、主砥石軸45を軸線分に移動可能としてもよい。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明の実施形態に係わる砥石軸受装置を備えた円筒研削盤の側面図。
【図2】 実施形態に係わる砥石軸受装置の正面図。
【図3】 実施形態に係わる砥石軸受装置の水平断面図。
【図4】 砥石軸受装置に内蔵される軸連結機構の詳細を説明するための拡大縦断面図。
【図5】 (A)及び(B)は砥石交換動作を説明するための説明図。
【符号の説明】
11・・・円筒研削盤、34・・・砥石台、40・・・砥石軸受ユニット、41・・・ユニットベース、42・・・右ラジアル軸受装置、43・・・左ラジアル軸受装置、44・・・スラスト軸受装置、45・・・主砥石軸、45t、52t・・・垂直端面、47・・・アンギュラコンタクトベアリング、48・・・プーリ、49・・・ボルト、50a・・・砥石基板、50b・・・CBN砥粒層、50h・・・砥石中心内孔、52・・・副砥石軸、54・・・自動バランス取り装置、55a・・・回転送受信装置、55b・・・非回転送受信装置、57・・・支持板、59・・・ストレート円筒部、60・・・軸連結機構、61・・・テーパ円筒部、65・・・テーパ穴、67、67・・・連結駒、68・・・操作ピン、45h、61h・・・挿通穴、70・・・テレスコピック式カバー機構、71・・・固定円筒カバー、72・・・可動円筒カバー、72a・・・ラビリンスシール部、F・・・フランジ、Ga・・・砥石本体、VS・・・振動センサ、G・・・砥石、W・・・ワーク。
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a configuration of a grinding wheel bearing device mounted on a grinding wheel, preferably a front part of a grinding wheel base of a cylindrical grinding machine.
[0001]
[Prior art]
Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 describe a grindstone bearing device for rotating and supporting a divided grindstone shaft in order to realize the support rigidity and miniaturization of the grindstone in a grinding machine and to facilitate the replacement work of the grindstone. Yes. In these known divided grinding wheel bearing devices, a pair of grinding wheel shafts arranged on the left and right on the same axis are rotatably supported by respective radial bearing devices, particularly fluid bearing devices, mounted on the front part of the grinding wheel base. A connecting means for connecting the grindstone shaft at the opposite end is provided, the connecting means is operated in a non-connected state, the other grindstone shaft is separated from the one grindstone shaft, and the grindstone is screwed around the outer circumference of the one grindstone shaft. It is fixed by a fixing nut that is screwed into the engraved threaded portion.
[0002]
In these known devices, the opposing ends of the two wheel shafts are joined by fitting a tapered cone projecting from the inner end of the other wheel shaft into a tapered inner hole opened on the inner end surface of one of the wheel shafts. A configuration is adopted in which a taper cone is fitted and pressure-bonded to a taper inner hole by a screw ring that is screwed onto the outer periphery of the inner end of the grindstone shaft.
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-6-47662 (right column on page 2 to left column on page 4, FIGS. 1 and 4)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-47663 (page 3, right column on page 4, FIG. 1, FIG. 4)
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the devices described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 described above, the connection between one grindstone shaft and the other grindstone shaft is a combination of a tapered inner hole and a tapered cone. When reconnecting, the concentricity between the two grinding wheel shafts cannot be reproduced with high accuracy due to the fluctuation of the fitting portion per taper surface, and it is difficult to increase the coupling strength between the two grinding wheel shafts.
[0004]
Furthermore, when exchanging the grindstone, remove the fixing nut from the threaded portion of the grindstone shaft, remove the grindstone from the grindstone shaft, and then fit the new grindstone to the grindstone shaft and tighten the fixing nut. It is necessary and it takes time to attach and detach the grindstone. In particular, in a space sandwiched between a pair of grindstone shafts, it is not easy to perform these series of operations, and the grindstone replacement operation has been made more difficult.
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to improve the concentricity at the time of recombination of both grinding wheel shafts, to increase the coupling strength of both grinding wheel shafts, and to obtain a split-type grinding wheel bearing device that allows easy grinding wheel replacement.
[0005]
[Means and functions for solving the problems and effects of the invention]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the structural feature of the invention described in claim 1 is that a pair of left and right grindstone shafts rotated on the same axis line are integrally coupled at opposing ends, and a grindstone is provided in the vicinity of the coupling portion. A pair of left and right radial hydrodynamic bearing devices fixed to the front portion of the grinding wheel base in a grinding wheel bearing device in a grinding machine that is fixed and separates the pair of grinding wheel shafts so that the grinding wheel can be detached from the grinding wheel shafts. A pair of left and right grindstone shafts that are rotatably supported by the radial fluid bearing device, a thrust bearing mechanism that supports one of the pair of left and right grindstone shafts in a thrust direction, and opposed ends of the pair of grindstone shafts In order to selectively couple and separate the parts, a shaft coupling mechanism built in between these opposed end parts, and at the opposed end part of the grindstone shaft, a tapered cylindrical part protrudes from the end of one of the grindstone shafts via a straight cylindrical part. A tapered inner hole is formed at the end of the other grindstone shaft, a mounting hole formed in the grindstone is fitted into the straight cylindrical portion, and extends in a radial direction from a base portion of the straight cylindrical portion of the one grindstone shaft. The taper cylinder is formed by bringing a vertical end surface and a vertical end surface extending in a radial direction from the opening of the tapered inner hole of the other grindstone shaft into surface contact with both side surfaces of the grindstone, and pulling both the grindstone shafts by the shaft coupling mechanism. And closely fitting the portion and the taper inner hole, and sandwiching the grindstone between the two vertical end faces.
[0006]
According to this configuration, when both the grindstone shafts are coupled by the shaft coupling mechanism, the tapered cylindrical portion protruding from the end of one of the grindstone shafts and the tapered inner hole at the end of the other grindstone shaft have concentricity. At the same time, the vertical end surface of one grindstone shaft and the vertical end surface of the other grindstone shaft are in surface contact with the grindstone side surface, and both vertical end surfaces sandwich the grindstone side surface. The shafts are joined together in a face-to-face manner with a tapered face fit and vertical end face contact. When the grinding resistance acts on the grindstone, the two grindstone shafts in the combined state strongly resist the bending action of the grindstone shaft at the contact portion between the taper fitting portion and the vertical end surface. In particular, the contact portions of both vertical end surfaces sandwich the both side surfaces of the grindstone and support the grindstone from both sides, so that they resist each other against a large bending moment. As a result, the support strength of the grindstone is enhanced, the shaft rigidity of both grindstone shafts in the coupled state is improved, the grindstone can be precisely held at the cutting position with respect to the grinding resistance, and the dimensional accuracy is improved.
[0007]
Further, in the grinding wheel exchange, when the coupling between the two grinding wheel shafts by the shaft coupling mechanism is released, the close fitting between the tapered cylinder and the tapered inner hole is loosened, and at the same time, both side surfaces of the grinding wheel are separated from both vertical end surfaces. As a result, the grindstone is slidable on the straight cylindrical portion, and then the used grindstone is removed from the straight cylindrical portion, and a new grindstone is fitted into the straight cylindrical portion. And the grindstone are fixed to the grindstone shaft at the same time.
[0008]
Therefore, between the two grinding wheel shafts on the machine, the grinding wheel can be exchanged quickly and easily with a simple operation of fitting the grinding wheel to the straight cylindrical portion and coupling the two grinding wheel shafts by the shaft coupling mechanism. .
[0009]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus according to the first aspect, the grindstone is mounted on the outer periphery of the straight cylindrical portion, and both side surfaces where the pair of grindstone shafts are in surface contact with each other. And a grindstone main body fixed to a side surface of the flange by a fixing means.
[0010]
According to this configuration, since the grindstone can be attached to the grindstone shaft via the flange formed in a predetermined shape regardless of the shape of the grindstone main body involved in grinding, the grindstone for performing desired grinding outside the machine. By fixing the main body to the flange by a fixing means, various types of grindstones can be easily attached between both grindstone shafts.
[0011]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the apparatus according to the first or second aspect, in the state where the straight cylindrical portion is fitted into the mounting hole and supports the grindstone, the tapered cylindrical portion. Is fitted in the tapered inner hole formed on the other opposed end surface, and the shaft coupling mechanism is fixedly built in the other grindstone shaft and expands outwardly on the outer peripheral surface of the tapered cylindrical portion, thereby the taper. The other grindstone shaft is drawn to one grindstone shaft while being in close contact with the inner hole surface, and the grindstone is sandwiched between the vertical end surface of the other grindstone shaft and the vertical end surface of the one grindstone shaft. is there.
[0012]
Embodiment
Hereinafter, a grinding machine provided with a grindstone bearing device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 11 denotes a cylindrical grinder, and the cylindrical grinder 11 has a bed 12. The bed 12 has a work support drive device 20 mounted on the upper surface on the front side on the left side in the figure, and a grindstone table device 30 mounted on the upper surface on the rear side on the right side in the figure. The work support drive device 20 is mounted and fixed on a side surface of a support 22 erected from a work table 21 fixed on the bed 12 so that the position of the work support drive device 20 can be adjusted in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface along a pair of linear guides 23. The work support drive device 20 is composed of a headstock 24 and a tailstock (not shown), and is configured to support a work W so as to be rotatable around a horizontal axis and to be rotated by a spindle motor 25.
[0013]
On the other hand, the grindstone bed apparatus 30 includes a slide 33 that is moved in the left-right direction by a linear motor 32 along a pair of linear guides 31 that extend in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface on the upper surface of the rear portion of the bed 12. The grinding wheel base 34 is mounted on a slide 33 so as to be advanced and retracted by a linear motor (not shown) along a pair of linear guides 35 (only one is shown) extending in the horizontal direction shown in the figure. A grindstone bearing unit 40 is mounted on the front portion of the grindstone table 34, and a grindstone shaft described later is rotatably supported. A grindstone main body Ga is attached to the grindstone shaft via a flange F, which will be described later. The grindstone shaft is connected to an output shaft of a drive motor 36 mounted on the rear portion of the grindstone base 34 via a pulley 36a and a belt 37. The rotational power of the drive motor 36 can be transmitted to the grindstone body Ga. Reference numeral 38 denotes a belt tension adjusting mechanism, 39 denotes a grinding fluid supply nozzle, and 39a denotes a feed pipe for feeding the grinding fluid to the nozzle 39.
[0014]
2 and 3 showing a front view and an enlarged horizontal sectional view of the grindstone bearing unit 40, respectively, the grindstone bearing unit 40 is disposed on the right side and the left side when viewed from the front and is bolted with squares. The radial bearing devices 42 and 43 and the rightmost thrust bearing device 44 are the main components. The unit base 41 has an arc-shaped space 41a for receiving the peripheral edge of the grindstone at the center of the front surface, and a right radial bearing device 42 is fixed to the front surface on the right side of the arc-shaped space 41a.
[0015]
The right radial bearing device 42 is rotatable on the axis parallel to the horizontal rotation axis of the workpiece W by the static pressure of a pressure fluid such as pressure oil generated on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing metal 46 on the main grindstone shaft 45. It is the structure of the hydrostatic fluid bearing supported by. The main grindstone shaft 45 is formed with a small diameter portion 45a as a thrust bearing end portion at the right end, and is rotatably supported by a pair of angular contact bearings 47 of a thrust bearing device 44 fixed to the unit base 41 at the small diameter portion 45a. Yes. The pair of angular contact bearings 47 as rolling bearings supports the small diameter portion 45a so as to be rotatable in the radial direction and also supports the main grinding wheel shaft 45 so as not to move in the axial direction.
[0016]
As a result, a pulley 48 is keyed between the thrust bearing device 44 and the radial bearing device 42 on the main grindstone shaft 45 extending between the thrust bearing device 44 and the adjacent radial bearing device 42. The belt tension acting on 48 is shared and supported by the static pressure of the radial bearing device 42 and the angular contact bearing 47 of the thrust bearing device 44 so that a large resistance to the belt tension can be exhibited. Further, since the small-diameter portion 45a is a thrust bearing, the outer shape of the angular contact bearing 47 can be reduced, the rotational peripheral speed of these bearings 47 is reduced to suppress heat generation, and the consumption of the rotational power of the drive motor 36 is reduced. Energy saving effect is obtained.
[0017]
On the other hand, a right radial bearing device 42 is fixed to the front surface on the right side of the arcuate space 41a. The right radial bearing device 42 has the main grindstone shaft 45 disposed within the bearing metal 46 on an axis parallel to the horizontal rotation axis of the workpiece W. The hydrostatic bearing is configured to be rotatably supported by a static pressure of a pressure fluid such as pressure oil generated on the peripheral surface.
[0018]
A vertical end surface 45t that abuts the side surface of the flange F is formed at the left end portion of the main grindstone shaft 45, and the shaft coupling mechanism 60 is incorporated therein. The flange F is a metal disk having a mounting hole Fh formed in the center and expanding in the radial direction. A grindstone main body Ga can be attached and detached by a plurality of mounting bolts 49 on the side surface Ft on the side of the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52. It is fixed to. For example, the grindstone main body Ga is configured by adhering, for example, a CBN abrasive grain layer 50b as superabrasive grains to the outer periphery of a metal grindstone substrate 50a. In the present embodiment, the configuration of the grindstone substrate 50a and the abrasive grain layer 50b is referred to as a grindstone main body Ga, and the structure including the grindstone main body Ga and the flange F is referred to as a grindstone G.
[0019]
The shaft coupling mechanism 60 integrally connects the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 to the main grindstone shaft 45, and thereby, the main and secondary wheels arranged on the right side and the left side of the grindstone body Ga and the flange F are arranged. Are supported from both sides by the radial bearing devices 42 and 43. That is, a secondary radial bearing device 43 is fixed to the left front surface of the unit base 41 with the arcuate space 41a interposed therebetween, and the bearing device 43 is concentric with the auxiliary grinding wheel shaft on the rotation axis of the main grinding wheel shaft 45. This is a hydrostatic fluid bearing structure in which 52 is rotatably supported by the static pressure of the pressure fluid generated on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing metal 53. The auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 is formed with a cylindrical internal space from the left end side, and an automatic balancing device 54 is incorporated in this space.
[0020]
This balancing device 54 is a well-known one, and is a rotating system including main and sub grinding wheel shafts 45 and 52 integrally coupled by the shaft coupling mechanism 60 and a grinding wheel G (flange F and grinding wheel main body Ga) attached thereto. Automatically correct the balance. Briefly, the balancing device 54 includes two weights, each of which is indexed in the circumferential direction by an independent electric motor, and the angle phase opposite to the angle phase position where the unbalance amount of the rotating system is maximized. To form a correction balance amount equal to the unbalance amount. A rotation transmitting / receiving device 55 a is fixed to the opening at the left end of the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52. The rotation transmitting / receiving device 55a includes a drive control circuit that controls driving of the electric motor built in the balancing device 54. The rotation transmitting / receiving device 55 a is configured to output a signal from an AE sensor attached to the balancing device 54 and detect contact between the grindstone body Ga and the workpiece W.
[0021]
The non-rotating transmission / reception device 55b has a right end surface opposed to the left end surface of the rotation transmission / reception device 55a with a small gap Tm, and enables wireless transmission and reception of signals and motor drive power between both end surfaces. Yes. That is, the non-rotating transmission / reception device 55b supplies driving power to the electric motor to the rotation transmission / reception device 55a, and is fixed to an appropriate location on the unit base 41, preferably a back portion close to the grindstone main body Ga. The detection signal from is transmitted. Further, the non-rotating transmitting / receiving device 55b receives the output of the AE sensor from the rotating transmitting / receiving device 55a and inputs it to a CNC device (not shown) for controlling the grinding machine. The non-rotating transmission / reception device 55 b is fixed to the support plate 57. The support plate 57 is fixed to the unit base 41 by a bolt 58 that is inserted through the long hole 57a. Thus, by loosening the bolt 58, the support plate 57 to which the non-rotating transmission / reception device 55b is attached can be slid in the left-right direction.
[0022]
FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the vicinity of the connecting portion of the main / sub grinding wheel shafts 45 and 52 incorporating the shaft connecting mechanism 60. A tapered cylindrical portion 61 protrudes from the right end portion of the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 via a straight cylindrical portion 59 that extends in parallel with the grinding wheel axis and is fitted with the mounting hole Fh of the flange F. Are formed with a cylindrical hole 62 extending to the inner periphery of the straight cylindrical portion 59 and an enlarged hole 63. A vertical end surface 52 t that extends radially outward from the base portion of the straight cylindrical portion 59 and contacts the side surface Fa of the flange F is formed at the right end portion of the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52. A tapered inner hole 65 is formed at the left end portion of the main grindstone shaft 45 so as to be in close contact with the outer peripheral surface of the tapered cylindrical portion 61, and the end surface where the tapered inner hole 65 opens is in close contact with the side surface Fb of the flange F. A vertical end face 45t is formed. When the tapered cylindrical portion 61 is fitted into the tapered inner hole 65, the base portion is integrally fixed to the main grindstone shaft 45, and the connecting portion of the substantially cylindrical coupling head 66 built in the tapered inner hole 65 becomes the cylindrical hole 62. Inserted. The connecting portion is formed with receiving grooves at both ends in the diametrical direction, and the connecting pieces 67 and 67 are accommodated in these receiving grooves so as to be able to protrude and retract in the radial direction, respectively. The connecting pieces 67 and 67 are screw-engaged with a pair of screw portions formed at both ends of a screw pin 68 inserted through the connecting portion in the diameter direction. The pair of screw portions are formed as leads in opposite directions. An operation portion is formed on both end faces of the screw pin 68, and a hexagonal wrench hole, for example, is drilled as the operation portion. Further, concentric with the wrench hole, the main grindstone shaft 45 and the tapered cylindrical portion 61 are opened with wrench insertion holes 45h and 61h that traverse in the diameter direction, respectively.
[0023]
Therefore, by inserting the tip of a wrench (not shown) into the wrench hole of the screw pin 68 through these insertion holes 45h and 61h and rotating the screw pin 68, the connecting pieces 67, 67 are protruded radially outward to the taper. It can be selectively indexed to a connection position by engaging with a storage groove formed in the enlarged hole 63 of the cylindrical portion 61 and a connection release position to be detached from the storage groove of the connection portion. In addition, a slope is formed on the inner side surface of one of the connecting pieces 67, 67, and a biting release pin 69 is engaged therewith. Therefore, when the connection pieces 67 and 67 are detached from the receiving groove to release the connection, the biting release pin 69 is pivoted to press the bottom end surface of the cylindrical hole 62 of the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52, and the tapered cylindrical portion 61. The biting state between the outer peripheral surface and the tapered inner hole 65 is released.
[0024]
Further, a cover mechanism 64 is mounted between the flange F and the radial bearing device 46. The cover mechanism 64 is configured as a labyrinth seal portion 64a that forms a labyrinth by engaging the tip portion thereof in a non-contact manner with an inner circumferential annular groove Fc opened on the side surface Fb of the flange F. This prevents foreign matter such as grinding dust, abrasive grains, and grinding fluid from entering the inner peripheral surface of the flange F, the vertical end surface 45t of the main grindstone shaft 45, and the straight cylindrical portion 59 of the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52. A part of the cover mechanism 64 is formed with a notch that communicates with the insertion hole 45h. A telescopic cover mechanism 70 is mounted between the grindstone main body Ga and the sub radial bearing device 43. In the cover mechanism 70, the cylindrical portion surrounding the outer periphery of the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 is projected to the grindstone main body Ga side with the fixed cylindrical cover 71 fixing the flange portion to the subradial bearing device 43. In addition, the movable cylindrical cover 72 is fitted to the outer periphery of the cylindrical portion of the fixed cylindrical cover 71 so that the slide position can be adjusted, and the distal end portion where the outer peripheral annular groove is formed is opened on the side surface of the grindstone substrate 50a of the grindstone main body Ga. It is configured as a labyrinth seal portion 72a that engages with the inner peripheral surface annular groove 50c in a non-contact manner to form a labyrinth. This prevents foreign matters such as grinding dust, abrasive grains, and grinding fluid from entering the fitting surface between the inner peripheral surface of the grindstone main body Ga and the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52. The movable cylindrical cover 72 is usually fixed by a screw 73.
[0025]
Next, the operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be described.
When a grinding operation is commanded, the work W supported by the headstock 24 is rotated, the left and right positioning feed of the slide 33 and the forward feed of the grinding wheel base 33 are performed, and the CBN abrasive grain layer of the rotating grinding wheel main body Ga. 50b engages with the workpiece W, and the cylindrical surface of the workpiece W is ground. At the same time as the grindstone base 33 starts the forward feed, the grinding fluid is sent from a grinding fluid supply device (not shown) to the feed conduit 39a, and the grinding is a contact point between the workpiece W and the grindstone main body Ga from the grinding fluid supply nozzle 39. It is discharged toward the point.
[0026]
On the other hand, the drive motor 36 is driven to rotate at the same time as the power supply to the grinding machine is applied, and thereafter the rotation is constantly maintained. The main grindstone shaft 45 receives the rotational power of the belt 37 driven by the drive motor 36 by the pulley 48 and is driven to rotate. In this case, the belt tension acting on the pulley 48 is shared and supported by the large radial bearing 42 on the left side and the angular contact bearing 47 on the right side, thereby preventing the inclination of the main grindstone shaft 45, Elimination of adverse effects on machining accuracy. Since the shaft coupling mechanism 60 integrally couples the secondary grinding wheel shaft 52 to the main grinding wheel shaft 44, the rotation of the primary grinding wheel shaft 45 is transmitted to the secondary grinding wheel shaft 52, and both are integrally rotated. In the grindstone main body Ga, the flange F sandwiched between the vertical end faces 45t and 52t of the main grindstone shaft 45 and the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 receives the rotational force of the main grindstone shaft 45 and rotates integrally therewith. In this case, the mounting hole Fh of the flange F is fitted into the straight cylindrical portion 59, both side surfaces Fa and Fb are sandwiched between the two vertical end surfaces 45t and 52t, and both the grindstone shafts 45 and 52 are integrally coupled. Therefore, both sides are supported in the radial direction by the left and right radial bearing devices 43, 42, and the grindstone G is held at the rotation center of the left and right radial bearing devices 43, 42 with strong and high rigidity against the grinding resistance exerted on the grindstone G by the work W. To do.
[0027]
The grindstone body Ga is supported in close contact with the vertical end face 45t of the main grindstone shaft 45 and in close contact with the vertical end face 52t of the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52. As a result, the support force of the grindstone is shared by both the grindstone shafts 45 and 52, so that the support strength of the grindstone G is enhanced and the grindstone itself resists and corrects the bending moment acting on both the grindstone shafts 45 and 52. Acts as a correction means. As a result, in addition to facilitating centering of the grindstone G with respect to the grindstone shaft, the rigidity of both grindstone shafts is further enhanced. Therefore, heavy grinding or high-efficiency grinding with an increased cutting speed for the workpiece can be realized, and the grinding wheel G does not escape due to grinding resistance, so that grinding with high dimensional accuracy can be performed. Further, the thrust load of the main and auxiliary grinding wheel shafts 45 and 52 in the integrally coupled state is supported by the angular contact bearing 47. Since the angular contact bearing 47 directly supports the small diameter portion 45a without interposing a hydrostatic fluid film like the static pressure thrust bearing, the thrust rigidity can be strengthened, and a small diameter bearing corresponding to the small diameter portion 45a can be provided. Therefore, the heat generation is small, and the energy saving effect that can save the power consumption of the drive motor 36 is achieved.
[0028]
The cover mechanism 70 disposed between the grindstone main body Ga and the left radial bearing device 43 while the both grindstone shafts 45 and 52 are integrally rotated has the movable cylindrical cover 72 outer periphery of the fixed cylindrical cover 71 via the seal ring 75. The labyrinth seal portion 72a is engaged with the inner circumferential surface annular groove 50c of the grindstone substrate 50a in a non-contact manner to form a labyrinth seal. For this reason, foreign matters such as abrasive grains, grinding scraps, and grinding fluid that scatter around the grindstone and the grindstone shafts 45, 52, and the like, and a fitting portion between the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 and the inner hole 50h of the grindstone substrate 50a and the flange F It is possible to prevent the contact between the side surface and the vertical end surface 52t. As a result, the fitting surface of the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 and the inner hole 50h of the grindstone substrate 50a and the contact surface between the side surface of the flange F and the vertical end surface 52t are prevented from being damaged. High accuracy can be maintained.
[0029]
While both the grindstone shafts 45, 52 rotate integrally, the automatic balancing device 54 built in the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 operates to automatically unbalance the rotating system including the grindstone main body Ga, the flange F, and both the grindstone shafts 45, 52. Correct it. That is, the output of the vibration sensor VS fixed on the unit base 41 is transmitted from the non-rotating transmitting / receiving device 55b to the rotating transmitting / receiving device 55a without contact, so that the rotating transmitting / receiving device 55a has two electric motors built in the automatic balancing device 54. And the phase of the two weights is adjusted to remove the unbalance of the rotating system. The phase adjustment operation of the weight body by this electric motor is automatically controlled so that the output signal of the vibration sensor VS is below a predetermined threshold value. In the present embodiment, since the automatic balancing device 54 is built in the driven side auxiliary grindstone shaft 54, it reacts accurately to the unbalance of the entire rotating system, and in particular, the unbalance caused by the looseness of the shaft coupling portion. There is an effect that the vibration can be corrected accurately.
[0030]
Further, an output signal of an AE sensor (not shown) built in the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 is transmitted from the rotation transmission / reception device 55a to the non-rotation transmission / reception device 55b without contact. By appropriately processing this signal, the moment when the abrasive grain layer 50b of the grindstone main body Ga is brought into contact with the workpiece W in the cutting and feeding operation of the grindstone table 34 is detected. Based on this detection operation signal, for example, the grindstone table Control such as changing the cutting feed speed 34 is performed.
[0031]
Now, as the abrasive grain layer 50b of the grindstone body Ga is consumed or the type of the workpiece W to be processed is changed, the grindstone body Ga needs to be replaced. In this case, the tip of the wrench WR shown in FIG. 5A is inserted into the wrench hole of the screw pin 68 through the notch of the cover mechanism, the main grindstone shaft 45, the insertion holes 45h and 61h of the tapered cylindrical portion 61, and the screw pin 68. Rotate. As a result, the connecting pieces 67 and 67 are moved from the connecting position where the connecting pieces 67 and 67 are in close contact with the receiving groove of the enlarged hole 63 to the connecting releasing position where the connecting part is detached from the receiving groove of the connecting portion, and the biting release pin 69 is axially moved together Then, the inner bottom end surface of the cylindrical hole 62 of the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 is pressed, and the biting state between the outer peripheral surface of the tapered cylindrical portion 61 and the tapered inner hole 65 is released. Thereby, the clamping state of the both side surfaces Fa and Fb of the flange F and the two vertical end surfaces 45t and 52t is relaxed.
[0032]
Further, as shown in FIG. 5A, the movable cylindrical cover 72 is returned to the left exchange position by loosening the screw 73 (FIG. 4), and the bolt 58 fixing the support plate 57 is loosened. Then, within the range of the long hole 57a, the support plate 57 is moved back together with the non-rotating transmitting / receiving device 55b to the left retracted position with respect to the unit base 41 as shown in FIG. In this state, the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 can move in the axial direction while being rotatably supported by the static pressure of the pressure fluid generated on the inner peripheral surface of the bearing metal 53 of the left radial bearing device 43. Accordingly, the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 is moved to the left as shown in FIG. 5B by pulling the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 from the rear while the grindstone main body Ga and the flange F are appropriately held by the temporary receiving means. The flange F is pulled out from the straight cylindrical portion 59 and the tapered cylindrical portion 61, and the grindstone G is removed from the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52.
[0033]
Then, the grindstone G composed of the grindstone main body Ga and the flange F is replaced with a new one, and the new grindstone G is attached to both the grindstone shafts 45 and 52 again as shown in FIG. . In this case, the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 is slightly shifted to the main grindstone side in advance in a state where the new grindstone G is moved between the main and auxiliary grindstone shafts 45 and 52 by a temporary receiving means. The grindstone G is moved, and the straight cylindrical portion 59 of the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 is fitted into the mounting hole Fh of the flange F. Next, the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 is shifted to the main grindstone shaft 45 side, and the tapered cylindrical portion 61 is inserted into the tapered inner hole 65 so that the side surface Fb of the flange F contacts the vertical end surface 45t. In this state, the shaft coupling mechanism 60 is operated using the wrench WR, and the coupling pieces 67 and 67 project outward and are pressed into close contact with the accommodation groove formed in the enlarged hole 63 of the tapered cylindrical portion 61. . As a result, the tapered cylindrical portion 61 is slightly expanded to closely contact with the tapered inner hole 65, and the main and auxiliary grindstone shafts 45 and 52 are attracted by the taper action of the connecting pieces 67 and 68 and the receiving groove so that they are perpendicular to each other. The end faces 45t and 52t sandwich the side faces Fa and Fb of the flange F. The secondary grindstone shaft 52 is integrally coupled to the main grindstone shaft 45 and the flange F is coupled to the secondary grindstone shaft 52 and the main grindstone shaft 45 by the two-surface restriction by the taper and the end surface. The vertical end faces 45t and 52t and the flange side faces Fa and Fb that are tightly coupled repel each other and strongly resist the bending moment acting on the grindstone shaft.
[0034]
In the above-described embodiment, the grindstone G is composed of the flange F and the grindstone main body Ga (the grindstone substrate 50a and the abrasive grain layer 50b), and the both side surfaces Fa and Fb of the flange F are sandwiched. The side surface of the grindstone substrate 50a may be directly sandwiched between the vertical end surfaces 52t and 45t. Further, a general grindstone in which the entire grindstone is composed of abrasive grains can be used instead of the grindstone in which the grindstone body Ga is composed of the grindstone substrate 50a and the abrasive grain layer 50b.
[0035]
Further, although the main grindstone shaft 45 side is supported in the thrust direction, the auxiliary grindstone shaft 52 may be supported in the thrust direction by a thrust bearing mechanism, and the main grindstone shaft 45 may be movable in the axial direction.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a cylindrical grinder provided with a grindstone bearing device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the grinding wheel bearing device according to the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a horizontal sectional view of the grinding wheel bearing device according to the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged longitudinal sectional view for explaining details of a shaft coupling mechanism built in the grinding wheel bearing device.
FIGS. 5A and 5B are explanatory views for explaining a grindstone exchanging operation. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
11... Cylindrical grinding machine 34... Grinding wheel base 40. Grinding wheel bearing unit 41... Unit base 42... Right radial bearing device 43 43 Left radial bearing device 44. .... Thrust bearing device, 45 ... main grinding wheel shaft, 45t, 52t ... vertical end face, 47 ... angular contact bearing, 48 ... pulley, 49 ... bolt, 50a ... grinding wheel substrate, 50b: CBN abrasive grain layer, 50h: grinding wheel center inner hole, 52: auxiliary grinding wheel shaft, 54: automatic balancing device, 55a: rotating transmission / reception device, 55b: non-rotating transmission / reception Device: 57 ... Support plate, 59 ... Straight cylindrical part, 60 ... Shaft coupling mechanism, 61 ... Tapered cylindrical part, 65 ... Tapered hole, 67, 67 ... Connection piece, 68 ... Operating pins, 45h, 61h ... -Insertion hole, 70 ... Telescopic cover mechanism, 71 ... Fixed cylindrical cover, 72 ... Movable cylindrical cover, 72a ... Labyrinth seal part, F ... Flange, Ga ... Grinding stone body, VS: Vibration sensor, G: Whetstone, W: Workpiece.

Claims (3)

同一軸線上で回転される左右一対の砥石軸を対向端部で一体結合し、この結合部近辺に砥石を固定し、前記一対の砥石軸を分離することにより前記砥石軸から前記砥石を取り外し可能とした研削盤における砥石軸受装置において、砥石台の前部に固定される左右一対のラジアル流体軸受装置と、前記ラジアル流体軸受装置によりそれぞれが回転自在に支持される左右一対の砥石軸と、前記左右一対の砥石軸のいずれか片方をスラスト方向に支持するスラスト軸受機構と、前記一対の砥石軸の対向端部を選択的に結合分離するためこれら対向端部間に内蔵した軸結合機構と、前記砥石軸の対向端部では一方の砥石軸の端部にストレート円筒部を介してテーパ円筒部を突出させ、他方の砥石軸の端部にテーパ内孔を形成し、前記砥石に形成された装着穴を前記ストレート円筒部に嵌合し、前記一方の砥石軸のストレート円筒部の基部から径方向に延びる垂直端面と前記他方の砥石軸の前記テーパ内孔の開口から径方向に延びる垂直端面とを前記砥石の両側面に面接触させ、前記両砥石軸を前記軸結合機構により引き寄せることにより前記テーパ円筒部とテーパ内孔とを密着嵌合させるとともに、前記砥石を前記両垂直端面間に挟着することを特徴とする研削盤における砥石軸受装置。A pair of left and right grindstone shafts that rotate on the same axis can be joined together at opposite ends, and the grindstone can be removed from the grindstone shaft by fixing the grindstone in the vicinity of the joint and separating the pair of grindstone shafts. In the grindstone bearing device in the grinder, a pair of left and right radial fluid bearing devices fixed to the front portion of the grindstone table, a pair of left and right grindstone shafts each rotatably supported by the radial fluid bearing device, A thrust bearing mechanism that supports one of the pair of left and right grindstone shafts in the thrust direction, and a shaft coupling mechanism that is built in between the opposed ends for selectively coupling and separating the opposed ends of the pair of grindstone shafts; At the opposite end of the grindstone shaft, a tapered cylindrical portion is protruded from the end of one grindstone shaft through a straight cylindrical portion, and a tapered inner hole is formed at the end of the other grindstone shaft. A vertical end surface extending from the base of the straight cylindrical portion of the one grindstone shaft in the radial direction and a vertical end surface extending in the radial direction from the opening of the tapered inner hole of the other grindstone shaft Are brought into surface contact with both side surfaces of the grindstone, the two grindstone shafts are attracted by the shaft coupling mechanism to closely fit the tapered cylindrical portion and the tapered inner hole, and the grindstone is placed between the two vertical end surfaces. A grindstone bearing device in a grinder characterized by being sandwiched. 請求項1に記載の装置において、前記砥石は、前記ストレート円筒部の外周に嵌合する装着穴及び前記一対の砥石軸の各垂直端面と面接触する両側端面が形成されたフランジと、このフランジの側面に固定手段により固定される砥石本体とから構成されることを特徴とする研削盤における砥石軸受装置。2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the grindstone includes a flange having a mounting hole that fits on an outer periphery of the straight cylindrical portion, and both end surfaces that are in surface contact with the vertical end surfaces of the pair of grindstone shafts, and the flange. A grinding wheel bearing device in a grinding machine, comprising: a grinding wheel main body fixed to a side surface of the grinding wheel by a fixing means. 請求項1または2に記載の装置において、前記ストレート円筒部が前記装着穴に嵌合して面前記砥石を支持した状態で、前記テーパ円筒部は他方の対向端面に形成された前記テーパ内孔に嵌合され、前記軸結合機構は前記他方の砥石軸に固定して内蔵され前記テーパ円筒部の外周面を外方に膨張して前記テーパ内孔面に密着させながら前記他方の砥石軸を一方の砥石軸に引き寄せて前記他方の砥石軸の前記垂直端面及び前記一方の砥石軸の垂直端面の間に前記砥石を挟着させたことを特徴とする研削盤における砥石軸受装置。3. The tapered inner hole formed in the opposite end face of the apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the straight cylindrical part is fitted in the mounting hole to support the surface of the grindstone. The shaft coupling mechanism is fixed and built in the other grindstone shaft, and the outer peripheral surface of the tapered cylindrical portion expands outward to bring the other grindstone shaft into close contact with the tapered bore surface. A grindstone bearing device in a grinding machine, wherein the grindstone is attracted to one grindstone shaft and the grindstone is sandwiched between the vertical end surface of the other grindstone shaft and the vertical end surface of the one grindstone shaft.
JP2003194071A 2003-05-30 2003-07-09 Wheel bearing device in grinding machine Expired - Fee Related JP4036150B2 (en)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2003194071A JP4036150B2 (en) 2003-07-09 2003-07-09 Wheel bearing device in grinding machine
US10/842,487 US7086937B2 (en) 2003-05-30 2004-05-11 Wheel shaft supporting apparatus for grinding machine
EP20040011216 EP1481762A1 (en) 2003-05-30 2004-05-11 Wheel shaft supporting apparatus for grinding machine

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JP2003194071A JP4036150B2 (en) 2003-07-09 2003-07-09 Wheel bearing device in grinding machine

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JP4036150B2 true JP4036150B2 (en) 2008-01-23

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