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JP4036607B2 - Fuel gas reformer and fuel cell system - Google Patents
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JP4036607B2 - Fuel gas reformer and fuel cell system - Google Patents

Fuel gas reformer and fuel cell system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4036607B2
JP4036607B2 JP2000291070A JP2000291070A JP4036607B2 JP 4036607 B2 JP4036607 B2 JP 4036607B2 JP 2000291070 A JP2000291070 A JP 2000291070A JP 2000291070 A JP2000291070 A JP 2000291070A JP 4036607 B2 JP4036607 B2 JP 4036607B2
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Prior art keywords
gas
reformer
water
desulfurizer
reforming
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JP2000291070A
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JP2002097001A (en
Inventor
雅敏 上田
昭 藤生
勝也 小田
正天 門脇
恵吾 宮井
丈俊 黄木
収 田島
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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Sanyo Electric Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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  • Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
  • Industrial Gases (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、炭化水素系燃料ガスを改質し、水素リッチなガスを得る燃料ガス改質装置に係り、水添脱硫器入り口への改質ガス戻りライン中に水分除去手段を設け、改質ガス中の水分を除去することで脱硫触媒の性能維持及び長寿命化を図った燃料改質装置及び燃料電池システムに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の燃料電池システムにおいては、例えば図3のように都市ガスやプロパンガス等の炭化水素系燃料ガスに含まれる硫黄分を除去する脱硫器1と、この脱硫器1により硫黄分が除去された燃料ガスを水素リッチなガスに改質する改質器2と、この改質器2で改質された改質ガス中に含まれる一酸化炭素を低減するCO変成器3と、更にCO変成器3で変成された改質ガス中の一酸化炭素を選択酸化して除去するCO除去器4とから燃料ガス改質装置が構成されている。
【0003】
前記脱硫器1で硫黄分を除去するのは、都市ガスやプロパンガス等には付臭剤として有機硫黄分(通常都市ガス中には2〜3ppm)が添加されており、この有機硫黄分が改質器2の触媒に付着すると、硫黄被毒のために改質器2の改質性能が低減するためである。又、前記CO変成器3及びCO除去器4で改質ガス中の一酸化炭素を減少・除去するのは、燃料電池5の電極触媒が一酸化炭素により被毒されて発電能力が低下するためである。
【0004】
脱硫器1に用いられる脱硫触媒は、例えば燃料ガスに水素を加えて有機硫黄化合物を硫化水素に分解する水添脱硫触媒と、発生した硫化水素や未分解の有機硫黄化合物を吸着する吸着触媒とにより構成されている。又はこのような機能を備えた1種類の触媒によって構成される場合もある。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
上記脱硫器1内の水添脱硫反応及び吸着反応には、触媒の耐熱性や活性の面で好適な温度範囲が存在する。このため、図3のように通常脱硫器1に供給される燃料ガスは、改質器2の下流で分岐された戻りライン6を介して戻される水素リッチのリサイクルガスと合流した後に脱硫器1に供給される。しかしながら、戻りライン6を介して戻されるリサイクルガス中には多くの水分(水蒸気)が含まれており、この水分が戻りライン6の配管内で凝縮すると配管詰まりを起こし、脱硫器1の触媒に付着すると触媒の温度を下げて脱硫性能を低下させ、又は吸着剤の孔を塞いで吸着性能を低下させる等の不具合が発生する。
【0006】
そこで、本発明は、脱硫器1へ戻す改質ガス中の水分を除去することにより、上記従来の不具合を解消できるようにした燃料ガス改質装置及び燃料電池システムを提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の目的を達成するための具体的手段として、本発明の請求項1は、炭化水素系燃料ガスを水素リッチなガスに改質する改質装置が、脱硫器と改質器とCO変成器とCO除去器とから構成され、前記改質器とCO変成器との間であって、熱交換器の出口側に接続して分岐し、前記改質器で改質されたガスの一部をリサイクルガスとして前記脱硫器の入口側に導入するための戻りラインが設けられ、この戻りラインの途中に熱交換器からなる水分除去手段が設けられ、この水分除去手段の熱交換器は冷媒として改質用水が用いられ、当該水分除去手段により前記リサイクルガス中の水分が除去され、ドレンとして排出されることを特徴とする燃料ガス改質装置を要旨とする。
又、本発明の請求項2は、炭化水素系燃料ガスを水素リッチなガスに改質する改質装置が、脱硫器と改質器とCO変成器とCO除去器とから構成され、前記CO変成器とCO除去器との間であって、熱交換器より上流のCO変成器の出口側に接続して分岐し、前記CO変成器で変成されたガスの一部をリサイクルガスとして前記脱硫器の入口側に戻すための戻りラインが設けられ、この戻りラインの途中に熱交換器からなる水分除去手段が設けられ、この水分除去手段の熱交換器は冷媒として改質用水が用いられ、当該水分除去手段により前記リサイクルガス中の水分が除去され、ドレンとして排出されることを特徴とする燃料ガス改質装置を要旨とする。
更に、本発明の請求項3は、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の燃料ガス改質装置を含む燃料電池システムを要旨とする。
【0008】
本発明では、脱硫器へ戻す改質ガス中の水分を除去することから、戻りラインの配管内で凝縮して配管詰まりを生じることがなく、又脱硫触媒に付着して脱硫性能及び吸着性能の低下を来たすことがなくなる。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に、本発明に係る実施形態を添付図面に基づいて(従来例に相当する部材は同一符号で)説明する。
図1は、本発明の一実施形態を示す構成図であり、都市ガス等の燃料ガスを水素リッチなガスに改質する改質装置は、脱硫器1と改質器2とCO変成器3とCO除去器4とから構成されている。
【0010】
6は水素リッチなガスの一部をリサイクルガスとして脱硫器1に戻すための戻りラインであり、CO変成器3の上流側即ち改質器2とCO変成器3との間であって、熱交換器7の出口側に接続して分岐し、前記脱硫器1の入口側に導入するように設けられている。8は戻りライン6の途中の要所に配設された水分除去手段であり、この場合は熱交換器が用いられている。
【0011】
都市ガス等の燃料ガスは、前記戻りライン6を介して戻されるリサイクルガスと合流して脱硫器1に供給される。脱硫器1は水添脱硫方式であって、供給された燃料ガスと、通常その燃料ガスの10vol%の量のHガスを含むリサイクルガスとの合流ガスを脱硫する。水添脱硫触媒としてはCo−Mo系やNi−Mo系が用いられ、吸着剤としては酸化亜鉛系触媒が用いられ、この水添・吸着脱硫反応(RCHSH+H→RCH+HS ZO+HS→ZS+HO)によって20〜50ppb程度に脱硫することが可能である。又、有機硫黄のうちRSHやCOSは、条件によっては酸化亜鉛系触媒でも吸着されるが、一般にはCo−Mo或はNi−Mo系の水添触媒上で一旦HSに添加した後にZOで吸着されるのが普通である。脱硫器1での脱硫反応温度は350℃〜400℃である。
【0012】
前記改質器2で改質された改質ガスの10%程度がリサイクルガスとして戻されるが、そのリサイクルガス中には水分(水蒸気)が約30〜40vol%含まれており、これが戻りライン6の配管内で凝縮すると配管詰まりが生じ、脱硫器1内に流入すると脱硫性能を阻害する。本発明では、前記のように戻りライン6の途中に熱交換器からなる水分除去手段8を設けてあるため、この水分除去手段8によってリサイクルガス中の水分が除去され、ドレンとして排出される。従って、リサイクルガス中の水分に起因する上記弊害を防止することができる。
【0013】
この場合、水分除去手段8である熱交換器の冷媒としては改質用水が用いられる。即ち、水タンク9の水を配水路10を介して水分除去手段8に導いて冷媒として使用し、更にその水を改質器2に供給して改質用水として使用する。従来においては、図3のように水タンク9の水をそのまま改質器2に導入し、改質器2のバーナ2aにより加熱して水蒸気に変えていた。本発明の場合には、水分除去手段8での熱交換により熱せられた改質用水を改質器2に導入するため、改質器2のバーナ2aで速やかに水蒸気に変えることができる。従って、従来に比してバーナ2aの加熱量は少なくて済み、極めて効率的である。これにより、省エネが可能となって経済的である。
【0014】
前記脱硫器1で脱硫された燃料ガスは、従来と同様に改質器2で水蒸気改質された後にCO変成器3に送り込まれ、改質ガス中の一酸化炭素が二酸化炭素に変成される。この時、前記のようにCO変成器3に送り込まれる改質ガスの一部が、リサイクルガスとして戻りライン6により脱硫器1の入口側に戻される。
【0015】
CO変成器3でCO濃度が1%以下に変成された改質ガスは、CO除去器4に送り込まれ、エアポンプ11により取り込まれた空気が供給されて選択酸化され、CO濃度が10ppm以下に調整される。
【0016】
この改質ガスは燃料電池5の燃料極に供給され、燃料電池5の空気極にはエアポンプ12により取り込まれると共に、加湿器13で加湿された空気が供給され、この空気中の酸素ガスと改質ガス中の水素ガスとがイオン交換膜(例えば固体高分子電解質膜)を介して化学反応して起電力を生じ、同時に水が生成される。この燃料電池5の運転時に、前記水タンク9から水ポンプ14を介して燃料電池5に冷却用水が供給され、燃料電池5を冷却した後に水タンク9に戻される。水タンク9には、純水装置15を介して純水化された市水が適宜補充される。又、空気極での未反応の空気は系外に排出され、燃料極での未反応改質ガスは前記改質器2のバーナ2aに送り込まれて燃焼される。
【0017】
図2は、本発明の他の実施形態を示す構成図であり、基本的構成は上記の実施形態と同じであり、都市ガス等の燃料ガスを水素リッチなガスに改質する改質装置は、脱硫器1と改質器2とCO変成器3とCO除去器4とから構成されている。この場合、戻りライン6が、CO変成器3の下流側に設けられている点で上記の実施形態と相違している。
【0018】
即ち、戻りライン6はCO変成器3の出口側に接続されて分岐し、CO変成器3で変成された改質ガスの一部をリサイクルガスとして脱硫器1の入口側に戻すようにしてある。この戻りライン6の途中要所には、前記と同様に熱交換器からなる水分除去手段8が設けられ、この水分除去手段8には冷媒として水タンク9から改質用水が導入され、水分除去手段8を通過した後に改質器2の入口側に供給される。戻りライン6により戻されるリサイクルガスは、燃料ガスと合流して脱硫器1に供給される。
【0019】
この場合も、リサイクルガス中に含まれる水分(水蒸気)が水分除去手段8で冷媒により凝縮されドレンとして排出されるため、戻りライン6の配管内で凝縮することはなく、配管詰まりを未然に防止すると共に、脱硫器1内に流入しないため脱硫機能を阻害することがない。従って、脱硫器1での脱硫性能及び吸着性能の低下を未然に防止することができる。
【0020】
又、水分除去手段8で熱交換された高温の改質用水が改質器2の入口側に導入されることから、これを水蒸気にするための改質器2のバーナ2aの熱量が少なくて済み、且つ速やかに蒸気化することから改質器2での水蒸気改質を効率良く行うことができる。
【0021】
脱硫器1、改質器2、CO変成器3及びCO除去器4を経て改質された水素リッチなガスは、前記と同様に燃料電池5の燃料極に供給され、燃料電池5の空気極にはエアポンプ12により取り込まれると共に、加湿器13で加湿された空気が供給され、この空気中の酸素ガスと改質ガス中の水素ガスとがイオン交換膜(例えば固体高分子電解質膜)を介して化学反応して起電力を生じ、同時に水が生成される。燃料電池5の運転時には、前記水タンク9から水ポンプ14を介して燃料電池5に冷却用水が供給され、燃料電池5を冷却した後に水タンク9に戻される。水タンク9には、純水装置15を介して市水が純水化されて適宜補充される。又、空気極での未反応の空気は系外に排出され、燃料極での未反応改質ガスは前記改質器2のバーナ2aに送り込まれて燃焼される。
【0022】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明は、燃料電池システムの燃料ガス改質装置において、炭化水素系燃料ガスを改質して得たガスの一部を、リサイクルガスとして水添脱硫触媒を充填した脱硫器の入口に戻す場合、その戻りラインの要所に改質ガス中に含まれる水分(水蒸気)を除去する水分除去手段を設けたので、戻りラインの配管内で凝縮して配管詰まりが生じることはなく、又脱硫器内の触媒に付着して脱硫性能及び吸着性能を阻害することもなく、長寿命化が図れる。
更に、水分除去手段の熱交換器の冷媒として改質用水を使用するので、別途に冷媒を用意する必要がなく、構成を簡素なものとすることができると共に経済的である。この改質用水は、熱交換器で加熱されるため改質器に供給する際に蒸気化するための改質器のバーナの加熱量を減らすことができ、これにより省エネが図れて経済的である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る燃料ガス改質装置を含む燃料電池システムの一実施形態を示す構成図
【図2】本発明に係る燃料ガス改質装置を含む燃料電池システムの他の実施形態を示す構成図
【図3】従来の燃料電池システムを示す構成図
【符号の説明】
1…脱硫器
2…改質器
3…CO変成器
4…CO除去器
5…燃料電池
6…戻りライン
7…熱交換器
8…水分除去手段
9…水タンク
10…配水路
11,12…エアポンプ
13…加湿器
14…水ポンプ
15…純水装置
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fuel gas reforming apparatus for reforming hydrocarbon fuel gas to obtain a hydrogen-rich gas. A water removal means is provided in the reformed gas return line to the hydrodesulfurizer inlet, and the reforming is performed. The present invention relates to a fuel reformer and a fuel cell system that maintain the performance and extend the life of a desulfurization catalyst by removing moisture in the gas.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a conventional fuel cell system, for example, as shown in FIG. 3, a desulfurizer 1 that removes sulfur contained in a hydrocarbon-based fuel gas such as city gas or propane gas, and the sulfur is removed by the desulfurizer 1. A reformer 2 for reforming the fuel gas into a hydrogen-rich gas, a CO converter 3 for reducing carbon monoxide contained in the reformed gas reformed by the reformer 2, and a CO converter The fuel gas reforming apparatus is composed of a CO remover 4 that selectively oxidizes and removes carbon monoxide in the reformed gas transformed in 3.
[0003]
The sulfur content is removed by the desulfurizer 1 because an organic sulfur content (usually 2 to 3 ppm in city gas) is added as an odorant to city gas, propane gas, and the like. This is because when the catalyst adheres to the catalyst of the reformer 2, the reforming performance of the reformer 2 is reduced due to sulfur poisoning. The CO converter 3 and the CO remover 4 reduce or remove carbon monoxide in the reformed gas because the electrode catalyst of the fuel cell 5 is poisoned by carbon monoxide and power generation capacity is reduced. It is.
[0004]
The desulfurization catalyst used in the desulfurizer 1 includes, for example, a hydrodesulfurization catalyst that decomposes organic sulfur compounds into hydrogen sulfide by adding hydrogen to fuel gas, and an adsorption catalyst that adsorbs generated hydrogen sulfide and undecomposed organic sulfur compounds. It is comprised by. Or it may be comprised by one type of catalyst provided with such a function.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The hydrodesulfurization reaction and adsorption reaction in the desulfurizer 1 have a temperature range suitable for the heat resistance and activity of the catalyst. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the fuel gas normally supplied to the desulfurizer 1 joins the hydrogen-rich recycle gas returned via the return line 6 branched downstream of the reformer 2 and then the desulfurizer 1. To be supplied. However, the recycle gas returned through the return line 6 contains a large amount of moisture (water vapor). When this moisture is condensed in the piping of the return line 6, the piping is clogged, and the catalyst of the desulfurizer 1 is used. If it adheres, problems such as lowering the temperature of the catalyst to lower the desulfurization performance or blocking the adsorbent pores to lower the adsorption performance occur.
[0006]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a fuel gas reforming apparatus and a fuel cell system that can eliminate the above-mentioned conventional problems by removing moisture in the reformed gas returned to the desulfurizer 1. .
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As specific means for achieving the above object, claim 1 of the present invention provides a reformer for reforming a hydrocarbon-based fuel gas into a hydrogen-rich gas comprising a desulfurizer, a reformer, and a CO converter. A part of the gas reformed between the reformer and the CO converter, connected to the outlet side of the heat exchanger, and branched by the reformer. Is provided as a recycle gas at the inlet side of the desulfurizer, a moisture removal means comprising a heat exchanger is provided in the middle of the return line, and the heat exchanger of the moisture removal means serves as a refrigerant. The gist of the fuel gas reforming apparatus is characterized in that water for reforming is used, moisture in the recycle gas is removed by the moisture removing means, and discharged as drain.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a reformer for reforming a hydrocarbon-based fuel gas into a hydrogen-rich gas includes a desulfurizer, a reformer, a CO converter, and a CO remover, and the CO Connected to the outlet side of the CO converter upstream of the heat exchanger between the converter and the CO remover and branched, and the desulfurization using part of the gas converted by the CO converter as a recycle gas A return line for returning to the inlet side of the vessel is provided, and a moisture removal means comprising a heat exchanger is provided in the middle of the return line, and the heat exchanger of the moisture removal means uses reforming water as a refrigerant, The gist of the fuel gas reforming apparatus is that moisture in the recycle gas is removed by the moisture removing means and discharged as drain.
Further, a third aspect of the present invention is a fuel cell system including the fuel gas reforming apparatus according to the first or second aspect.
[0008]
In the present invention, since the moisture in the reformed gas returned to the desulfurizer is removed, it does not condense in the piping of the return line to cause clogging of the piping, and adheres to the desulfurization catalyst and has desulfurization performance and adsorption performance. There will be no decline.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described based on the attached drawings (members corresponding to conventional examples are denoted by the same reference numerals).
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention. A reformer for reforming a fuel gas such as city gas into a hydrogen-rich gas includes a desulfurizer 1, a reformer 2, and a CO converter 3. And a CO remover 4.
[0010]
6 is a return line for returning a part of the hydrogen-rich gas to the desulfurizer 1 as a recycle gas, upstream of the CO converter 3, that is, between the reformer 2 and the CO converter 3, A branch is formed by connecting to the outlet side of the exchanger 7 and introducing it to the inlet side of the desulfurizer 1. Denoted at 8 is a water removing means disposed at an important point in the middle of the return line 6. In this case, a heat exchanger is used.
[0011]
Fuel gas such as city gas joins with the recycle gas returned through the return line 6 and is supplied to the desulfurizer 1. The desulfurizer 1 is a hydrodesulfurization method, and desulfurizes a combined gas of a supplied fuel gas and a recycle gas containing H 2 gas in an amount of 10 vol% of the fuel gas. As the hydrodesulfurization catalyst, a Co—Mo type or Ni—Mo type is used, and as the adsorbent, a zinc oxide type catalyst is used. This hydrogenation / adsorption desulfurization reaction (RCH 2 SH + H 2 → RCH 3 + H 2 S Z by n O + H 2 S → Z n S + H 2 O) can be desulfurized to about 20~50Ppb. Of organic sulfur, RSH and COS are also adsorbed by a zinc oxide-based catalyst depending on conditions, but in general, after being added to H 2 S once on a Co—Mo or Ni—Mo-based hydrogenation catalyst, Z It is usually adsorbed with n 2 O. The desulfurization reaction temperature in the desulfurizer 1 is 350 ° C to 400 ° C.
[0012]
About 10% of the reformed gas reformed by the reformer 2 is returned as a recycle gas, and the recycle gas contains about 30 to 40 vol% of water (water vapor). When condensed in the pipe, the pipe is clogged, and when it flows into the desulfurizer 1, the desulfurization performance is hindered. In the present invention, as described above, the moisture removing means 8 comprising a heat exchanger is provided in the middle of the return line 6, so that moisture in the recycle gas is removed by the moisture removing means 8 and discharged as drain. Therefore, the above-described adverse effects caused by moisture in the recycle gas can be prevented.
[0013]
In this case, reforming water is used as the refrigerant of the heat exchanger that is the moisture removing means 8. That is, the water in the water tank 9 is guided to the moisture removing means 8 through the distribution channel 10 and used as a refrigerant, and the water is supplied to the reformer 2 and used as reforming water. Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 3, the water in the water tank 9 is introduced into the reformer 2 as it is, and is heated by the burner 2 a of the reformer 2 to be converted into steam. In the case of the present invention, the reforming water heated by the heat exchange in the moisture removing means 8 is introduced into the reformer 2, so that it can be quickly changed to steam by the burner 2a of the reformer 2. Therefore, the heating amount of the burner 2a can be reduced as compared with the conventional case, which is extremely efficient. This makes it possible to save energy and is economical.
[0014]
The fuel gas desulfurized by the desulfurizer 1 is steam reformed by the reformer 2 in the same manner as before and then sent to the CO converter 3 to convert carbon monoxide in the reformed gas into carbon dioxide. . At this time, part of the reformed gas sent to the CO converter 3 as described above is returned to the inlet side of the desulfurizer 1 through the return line 6 as a recycled gas.
[0015]
The reformed gas whose CO concentration has been converted to 1% or less by the CO converter 3 is sent to the CO remover 4, supplied with the air taken in by the air pump 11, and selectively oxidized to adjust the CO concentration to 10 ppm or less. Is done.
[0016]
The reformed gas is supplied to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell 5, and the air electrode of the fuel cell 5 is taken in by the air pump 12, and the air humidified by the humidifier 13 is supplied to the oxygen gas in the air. Hydrogen gas in the gaseous gas chemically reacts with an ion exchange membrane (for example, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane) to generate an electromotive force, and at the same time, water is generated. During the operation of the fuel cell 5, cooling water is supplied from the water tank 9 to the fuel cell 5 via the water pump 14, and the fuel cell 5 is cooled and then returned to the water tank 9. The water tank 9 is appropriately supplemented with purified city water via a pure water device 15. Further, unreacted air at the air electrode is discharged out of the system, and unreacted reformed gas at the fuel electrode is sent to the burner 2a of the reformer 2 and burned.
[0017]
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing another embodiment of the present invention, the basic configuration is the same as the above embodiment, and a reformer for reforming a fuel gas such as city gas into a hydrogen-rich gas is shown. The desulfurizer 1, the reformer 2, the CO converter 3, and the CO remover 4. In this case, the return line 6 is different from the above embodiment in that it is provided on the downstream side of the CO transformer 3.
[0018]
That is, the return line 6 is connected to the outlet side of the CO converter 3 and branches, and a part of the reformed gas converted by the CO converter 3 is returned to the inlet side of the desulfurizer 1 as a recycled gas. . In the middle of the return line 6, a water removal means 8 comprising a heat exchanger is provided in the same manner as described above, and reforming water is introduced from the water tank 9 as a refrigerant into the water removal means 8 to remove the water. After passing through the means 8, it is supplied to the inlet side of the reformer 2. The recycle gas returned by the return line 6 joins the fuel gas and is supplied to the desulfurizer 1.
[0019]
Also in this case, the water (water vapor) contained in the recycle gas is condensed by the refrigerant by the water removal means 8 and discharged as a drain, so that it does not condense in the pipe of the return line 6 and prevents clogging of the pipe. In addition, the desulfurization function is not hindered because it does not flow into the desulfurizer 1. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the desulfurization performance and adsorption performance of the desulfurizer 1 from being lowered.
[0020]
Further, since the high-temperature reforming water heat-exchanged by the moisture removing means 8 is introduced to the inlet side of the reformer 2, the amount of heat of the burner 2a of the reformer 2 for converting this into steam is small. The steam reforming in the reformer 2 can be efficiently performed because it is completed and rapidly vaporized.
[0021]
The hydrogen-rich gas reformed through the desulfurizer 1, the reformer 2, the CO converter 3, and the CO remover 4 is supplied to the fuel electrode of the fuel cell 5 in the same manner as described above. Is supplied with air that has been taken in by the air pump 12 and humidified by the humidifier 13, and oxygen gas in the air and hydrogen gas in the reformed gas pass through an ion exchange membrane (for example, a solid polymer electrolyte membrane). Thus, a chemical reaction occurs to generate an electromotive force, and water is generated at the same time. During operation of the fuel cell 5, cooling water is supplied from the water tank 9 to the fuel cell 5 via the water pump 14, and after cooling the fuel cell 5, it is returned to the water tank 9. The water tank 9 is purified with city water through a pure water device 15 and is appropriately replenished. Further, unreacted air at the air electrode is discharged out of the system, and unreacted reformed gas at the fuel electrode is sent to the burner 2a of the reformer 2 and burned.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention relates to a desulfurization in which a part of a gas obtained by reforming a hydrocarbon fuel gas is filled with a hydrodesulfurization catalyst as a recycle gas in a fuel gas reformer of a fuel cell system. When returning to the inlet of the vessel, water removal means that removes moisture (steam) contained in the reformed gas is provided at the main point of the return line, so condensation occurs in the return line piping, resulting in clogging of the piping. In addition, it is possible to extend the life without adhering to the catalyst in the desulfurizer and hindering the desulfurization performance and adsorption performance.
Furthermore, since the reforming water is used as the refrigerant of the heat exchanger of the moisture removing means, it is not necessary to prepare a separate refrigerant, and the configuration can be simplified and economical. Since this reforming water is heated by a heat exchanger, the amount of heating of the reformer burner for vaporization when supplied to the reformer can be reduced, which saves energy and is economical. is there.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing an embodiment of a fuel cell system including a fuel gas reforming apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing another embodiment of a fuel cell system including a fuel gas reforming apparatus according to the present invention. Schematic diagram showing [FIG. 3] Schematic diagram showing a conventional fuel cell system [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Desulfurizer 2 ... Reformer 3 ... CO converter 4 ... CO remover 5 ... Fuel cell 6 ... Return line 7 ... Heat exchanger 8 ... Moisture removal means 9 ... Water tank 10 ... Distribution channel 11,12 ... Air pump 13 ... Humidifier 14 ... Water pump 15 ... Pure water device

Claims (3)

炭化水素系燃料ガスを水素リッチなガスに改質する改質装置が、脱硫器と改質器とCO変成器とCO除去器とから構成され、前記改質器とCO変成器との間であって、熱交換器の出口側に接続して分岐し、前記改質器で改質されたガスの一部をリサイクルガスとして前記脱硫器の入口側に導入するための戻りラインが設けられ、この戻りラインの途中に熱交換器からなる水分除去手段が設けられ、この水分除去手段の熱交換器は冷媒として改質用水が用いられ、当該水分除去手段により前記リサイクルガス中の水分が除去され、ドレンとして排出されることを特徴とする燃料ガス改質装置。A reformer for reforming a hydrocarbon-based fuel gas into a hydrogen-rich gas includes a desulfurizer, a reformer, a CO converter, and a CO remover. Between the reformer and the CO converter, A branch line connected to the outlet side of the heat exchanger and provided with a return line for introducing a part of the gas reformed in the reformer to the inlet side of the desulfurizer as a recycle gas, A water removal means comprising a heat exchanger is provided in the middle of the return line. The heat exchanger of the water removal means uses reforming water as a refrigerant, and the water removal means removes the water in the recycled gas. A fuel gas reforming apparatus which is discharged as drain. 炭化水素系燃料ガスを水素リッチなガスに改質する改質装置が、脱硫器と改質器とCO変成器とCO除去器とから構成され、前記CO変成器とCO除去器との間であって、熱交換器より上流のCO変成器の出口側に接続して分岐し、前記CO変成器で変成されたガスの一部をリサイクルガスとして前記脱硫器の入口側に戻すための戻りラインが設けられ、この戻りラインの途中に熱交換器からなる水分除去手段が設けられ、この水分除去手段の熱交換器は冷媒として改質用水が用いられ、当該水分除去手段により前記リサイクルガス中の水分が除去され、ドレンとして排出されることを特徴とする燃料ガス改質装置。A reformer for reforming a hydrocarbon-based fuel gas into a hydrogen-rich gas is composed of a desulfurizer, a reformer, a CO converter, and a CO remover, and between the CO converter and the CO remover. A return line for branching by connecting to the outlet side of the CO converter upstream from the heat exchanger and returning a part of the gas transformed by the CO transformer to the inlet side of the desulfurizer as a recycle gas A water removal means comprising a heat exchanger is provided in the middle of the return line, and the heat exchanger of the water removal means uses reforming water as a refrigerant. A fuel gas reformer characterized in that water is removed and discharged as drain. 請求項1又は請求項2に記載の燃料ガス改質装置を含む燃料電池システム。  A fuel cell system including the fuel gas reforming apparatus according to claim 1.
JP2000291070A 2000-09-25 2000-09-25 Fuel gas reformer and fuel cell system Expired - Fee Related JP4036607B2 (en)

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