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JP4036639B2 - Airborne particulate matter collector - Google Patents
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JP4036639B2 - Airborne particulate matter collector - Google Patents

Airborne particulate matter collector Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4036639B2
JP4036639B2 JP2001376809A JP2001376809A JP4036639B2 JP 4036639 B2 JP4036639 B2 JP 4036639B2 JP 2001376809 A JP2001376809 A JP 2001376809A JP 2001376809 A JP2001376809 A JP 2001376809A JP 4036639 B2 JP4036639 B2 JP 4036639B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
adsorbent
particulate matter
spm
suspended particulate
contaminated air
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JP2001376809A
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JP2003170015A (en
Inventor
信太郎 板倉
裕光 松田
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Sekisui Jushi Corp
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Sekisui Jushi Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
    • Y02A50/2351Atmospheric particulate matter [PM], e.g. carbon smoke microparticles, smog, aerosol particles, dust

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  • Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
  • Cleaning Of Streets, Tracks, Or Beaches (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Filtering Materials (AREA)
  • Separating Particles In Gases By Inertia (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、道路周辺に設置され、浮遊粒子状物質を含む外気を取り込んで捕集する装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
浮遊粒子状物質(以下SPMという)とは、ディーゼル車から排出されるベンゾピレンやニトロピレン等の発癌性物質を含んだディーゼル排気微粒子を中心とする大気中に浮遊している直径10μm以下の粒子を示し、目には見えないが人間が呼吸し肺に取り込まれることで喘息等の健康被害を及ぼすことが問題視されてきている。その健康被害に係わる裁判において、道路行政側の責任が厳しく問われる判決が相次いで言い渡される等の現状において、その確実で且つ効率的な除去方法の開発が切望されている。
【0003】
SPMは、大型トラック等のディーゼル車が排出する黒煙状の排気ガスなどに含まれるものが大きな割合を占めており、従って交通量の多い道路周辺の汚染空気に多く含まれるものである。これらが大気中に拡散する以前に捕集することで効率よく捕集できることから、SPMの捕集手段は道路周辺に装置を設置したり、又は道路付帯設備に付随して設けられることが多い。
【0004】
従来、遮音壁の外面に多孔質層を設けてその空孔にSPMを吸着させる方法や、道路周辺のSPMを含む汚染空気を強制的に集気し、フィルターに通すことでSPMを除去する方法などが提案されてきている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、多孔質層を遮音壁の外面に設けるだけでは、その吸着力には自ずと限界があることから、SPMの捕集は効率的に行うことができない。また、一旦SPMを吸着した多孔質層は、降雨等により吸着したSPMが若干洗い流されることで多少の性能回復が図られることがあるが、その度合いは小さいもので、設置後の漸進的な捕集性能の低下は避けられない。
【0006】
また、フィルターに道路周辺の空気を通す方法では、SPMは前述の通り10μm以下という微細な粒子であり、かような粒子をろ過するには極めて目の細かいフィルターが必要であり、そのようなフィルターはコストが高い。更には、極めて目の細かいフィルターは空気を通すときの圧力損失が大きくなり、空気を通すときに自然風や走行風のみによる圧力では足りず、ファンやエアポンプ等の動力が必要となりランニングコストやメンテナンスを必要とするものであり、更には動力源のない箇所には設置できないものである。
【0007】
本発明は上記の如き問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、効率的にSPMの捕集が可能で、捕集性能の回復が比較的容易であると共に、動力やメンテナンスの必要が少ないSPM捕集装置を提供せんとするものである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために、本発明は以下のような構成としている。すなわち、中空部を有する箱状体に穿設された、少なくとも1つずつの前記中空部から外気に通ずる取込口及び排気口と、前記取込口と排気口との間の前記中空部に設けられた浮遊粒子状物質の捕集手段とを備え、自然風、車両の走行風、ファンによる風からなる群から選ばれた、少なくとも1つを用い前記取込口から取り込まれたSPMを含む汚染空気が中空部に導入されると共に該汚染空気が前記捕集手段に接触することでSPMが捕集されて、排気口から大気中に放出されるようになされた装置であって、SPMの捕集手段に吸着材が用いられ、且つ前記取込口及び排気口はいずれも箱状体の前面板に穿設されて設けられると共に、前記前面板において、取込口は車両の走行する方向の上流側に設けられ、排気口は下流側に設けられ、該捕集手段は向かい合う仕切板間に邪魔板を空気の流れる方向に対して垂直にして互い違いに設け、邪魔板及び仕切板の外面に吸着材が貼着されて形成されたものであることを特徴とするものである。
【0009】
SPMの捕集手段に吸着材を用いることで、吸着材にSPMを捕集させて効率的なSPMの捕集ができると共に、捕集性能が低下した場合には吸着材を交換するか、又は追加することで容易に捕集性能を回復させることができる。また吸着材であれば、SPMを含む汚染空気を接触させることでSPMを捕集することが可能であり、フィルターのように空気の流れを遮るが如き状態で設ける必要がなく、汚染空気が通過するときの圧力損失を低減することができ、動力に依存する必要が少なくできる。
【0010】
また吸着材は、ガラス繊維及び/又は合成樹脂繊維による不織布を用いて形成したことを特徴とするものである。
【0011】
また捕集手段は、前記汚染空気の流路が設けられ、該流路に沿って吸着材が設けられているものであることを特徴とするものである。
【0012】
また吸着材は、表面が襞状の形状となされていることを特徴とするものである。
【0013】
また前記流路は、邪魔板により汚染空気が直進して通過しないようになされたことを特徴とするものである。
【0014】
また邪魔板は、外面に吸着材が設けられていることを特徴とするものである。
【0015】
また捕集手段は、前記箱状体から取り外し可能にユニット化され、箱状体の少なくとも1箇所から交換可能となされていることを特徴とするものである。
【0016】
また箱状体は、道路側縁に設置された支柱間に差し渡されて設置され、防音性を有することを特徴とするものである。
【0017】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態について、図面に基づき以下に具体的に説明する。
図1は、本発明に係わるSPM捕集装置の実施の一形態を示す説明図であり、SPM捕集装置1が道路周辺に設置された場合において、前面板11には車両の走行する方向aの上流側に2ヶ所の汚染空気の取込口12が穿設され、下流側に1ヶ所の排気口13が設けられている。
【0018】
図2は図1に示したA−A’の断面図を示すものであり、SPM捕集装置1の前面板11に穿設された2ヶ所の取込口12には、車両の走行風、自然風などの空気の流れbにより取込口12から中空部14に道路周辺の汚染空気が取り込まれる。取込口12は外観上及び保安上の理由から、中空部14に向かって斜めに形成されているが、前記の問題が生じない箇所においては、外側に張り出す形状としてもよい。中空部14に取り込まれた汚染空気は、吸着材を用いて形成されたSPM捕集手段2によりその中に含まれるSPMが捕集される。SPM捕集後の空気cは、排気口13より大気中への放出される。
【0019】
排出口13にはまた、図3に示すようにファン15を設けて、汚染空気bの取り込みの効率を高める一助としてもよい。SPM捕集後の空気cの流速をファン15により車両の走行風や自然風による場合よりも高めてやることで、取り込まれる空気bの量を増加させて、結果としてSPMの捕集効率を高めることができる。ファンは本図a)に示すように排出口13に設けるものでもよく、また本図b)に示すように捕集手段2の、車両の走行する方向aの下流側に設けたものであってもよい。
【0020】
図4は、SPM捕集手段2の参考例を示すもので、本実施形態における捕集手段2eは、汚染空気bの流れる方向に4枚の仕切板2a2が設けられて中空部14が3つの領域の分割され、仕切板2a2には表面が襞状の形状となされた吸着材21が取り付けられている。尚、表面が襞状となされていれば、襞状の形状となされたものに吸着材21を貼着してもよく、また襞状を形成する部位は中空であってもよい。
【0021】
本発明に係わるSPM捕集装置は、周辺の外気を狭い装置の中空部14に取り込むことでSPMを捕集するものであり、中空部14内での空気の流速は極めて高いものとなる。従って、単なる板状の吸着材を配置したのみではSPMが捕集されることなく汚染空気は中空部14内を直進して通過し、SPMは殆ど捕集されることがない。しかしフィルターを設けたり、吸着材をフィルター状に配置したのでは、圧力損失が大きくなりすぎて汚染空気が円滑に流れることが妨げられる。またSPMの捕集が行われる吸着材の表面積が限定され、捕集効果は短期間しか持続されないものとなる。
【0022】
本実施形態に示す如く、汚染空気の流路22を設け、流路22に沿って表面を襞状の形状とした吸着材21を連続的に設けておくことで、圧力損失を低くして汚染空気の流れを円滑なものとした上で、SPMの捕集効率を高めることができる。具体的には吸着材21の、汚染空気の流れの上流側の面211に汚染空気が当たってその風圧により吸着材2にSPMが捕集されることと、また上流側の面211で起こされた乱流により下流側の面212でSPMが捕集されることで、吸着材21がSPMを捕集できる表面積を高めることができる。吸着材21は不織布を用いて形成されることで、乱流程度の弱い風圧であってもSPMの捕集が可能である。
【0023】
また、SPM捕集手段2に用いられる吸着材21は、ガラス繊維や合成樹脂繊維を用いて形成した不織布が好適に用いられる。ガラス繊維や合成樹脂繊維を用いた繊維は、繊維の径を小さく形成するのが可能であり、SPMのような小径の粒子を捕集するのに適する。またガラス繊維を用いることで不織布に不燃性を具備させることができ、合成樹脂繊維を用いることで使用後の処理が容易なものとなる。
【0024】
不織布は繊維をウェブ状あるいはマット状に配列させて、接着剤又は繊維同士を絡めた融着力によって形成されるものであり、繊維間には隙間が存在し、その隙間に汚染空気が通ることで見た目の表面積以上の面積でSPMを捕集することが可能となる。また、繊維間の隙間が一定していないことから、範囲の広い粒径のSPMに対応可能であり、また一時期にSPMが大量に吸着されないことから、捕集効果を比較的長期間持続させることができる。
【0025】
合成樹脂繊維を形成する合成樹脂としては、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、PVC等のアセテート、ナイロン、PET樹脂やPBT樹脂といったポリエステル系樹脂などが好適に用いられる。
【0026】
図5は、吸着材の参考例を示すもので、SPM捕集手段2bは表面が襞状となされ向かい合う吸着材21が、それぞれの頂点が互い違いとなるように配置したものである。この様に吸着材21を配置することで、汚染空気の流路22を確保しつつ、汚染空気bが直線して通過しないようになされ、汚染空気が頻繁に曲折しながら流路22を通過させることで吸着材21に当たる風圧及び表面積を増加させることができ、結果としてSPMの捕集効率を高めることができる。
【0027】
また、図6は、捕集手段2cを、邪魔板2c1を汚染空気が流れる方向に対して斜めに複数設け、邪魔板2c1同士が平行となるように並べ、かつ邪魔板2c1の汚染空気の到来側に表面が襞状の形状となされた吸着材21を取り付けたものである。また図7は捕集手段2dを、邪魔板2d1同士を交互に直交させて並べ、同じく汚染空気の到来側に表面が襞状の形状となされた吸着材21を取り付けたものである。なお、邪魔板2c1、2d1表面にも吸着材21を設けてもよく、また仕切板2c1、2d1自体を吸着材により形成してもよい。いずれの実施形態についても、流路22を確保して捕集手段2による圧力損失を抑制しながら、汚染空気が直進して通過することを防止し、吸着材21に当たる風圧を高めることで、結果としてSPMの捕集効率を高めることができる。
【0028】
図8は、本発明に係わる実施の一形態を示すもので、捕集手段2eは、汚染空気の流れる方向に4枚の仕切板2e2が設けられて中空部14が3つの領域の分割され、それぞれ間隔をおいて流路22を確保しつつ、汚染空気bが直進して通過しないよう吸着材21からなる邪魔板2e1が汚染空気bが流れる方向と垂直に、それぞれの先端が互い違いとなるように連続して設けられているものである。仕切板2e2の表面に吸着材21を取り付けるか、又は仕切板2e1自体を吸着材21を用いて形成することで更にSPMの捕集効率は高められる。
【0029】
邪魔板2e1は流路22を確保できると共に、汚染空気bの流れを頻繁に曲折することで風圧がかかる部位、即ちSPMが効率的に捕集される部位を増やしてSPMの捕集効率を高めることができる。具体的には吸着材21である邪魔板2e2の汚染空気bの流れの上流側の面211及び汚染空気bの流れが当たる仕切板の面2e21の部分である。風圧により吸着材2にSPMが捕集されることと、また邪魔板2e1で起こされた乱流により更に下流側の面2e12でSPMが捕集されることで、吸着材21がSPMを捕集できる表面積をより高めることができる。
【0030】
また、本発明に係わるSPMの捕集手段2は、図9に示すような箱状体から取り外し可能にユニット化され、SPM捕集装置1の前面板11から交換可能なものとすることが好ましい。吸着材21はSPMを吸着するにつれて捕集性能が低下するのが不可避であり、ある程度の時点で吸着材21を追加、交換する必要が生じるが、追加、交換の際に捕集手段2をユニット化しておくことで、極めて容易且つ迅速な追加、交換が可能となる。本実施形態においては、前面板11の一部に切欠部を設け、その切欠部から捕集手段2を取り付け及び取り外し可能とし、捕集手段2の一面が切欠き部の前面板11を兼ねるものとしているが、切欠部は前面板11の反対側の背面板(図示せず)などに設けてもよい。
【0031】
図10は、本発明に係わるSPM捕集装置1を防音壁として用いた一形態を示す説明図であり、SPM捕集装置1及び吸音パネル10が支柱20間に差し渡されて設置されることで防音壁が形成されている。SPM捕集装置1の前面板11は開口部を有するが、背面板(図示せず)を遮音性のものとすることで防音性を具備することができ、また中空部に吸音材を設けて吸音性を具備させてもよい。
【0032】
【実施例】
本発明に係わる実施例について、以下に具体的に説明する。
図11は、SPMの捕集性能を測定する試験に供する吸着材を示す概略図及び断面図であり、吸着材Aはa)に示す外形となされており、測定に係わるSPMを含む空気は、本図a)に示す吸着材の左側面から取り込まれ、右側面から排出される。a)に示すB−B’断面図の形状をb)〜d)に示すが、これらに設けられた仕切板A1の間に汚染空気を通過させ、その前後のSPMの量を測定することで捕集効果を判断することができる。
【0033】
b)に示す吸着材Aは向かい合う仕切板A1に邪魔板A2を互い違いに各3枚ずつ設けたものであり、邪魔板A2及び仕切板A1の外面にはポリエステル系の不織布が貼着されている。b)に示す吸着材Aを実施例1とする。
【0034】
c)に示す吸着材Aは、仕切板A1に取り付けられた邪魔板A2の表面が汚染空気の取り込まれる方向に対して45度の角度となされているものである。c)についても邪魔板A2及び仕切板A1の外面にはポリプロピレン製の不織布が貼着されている。c)に示す吸着材Aを比較例1とする。
【0035】
d)に示す吸着材Aは、仕切板A1の表面に襞折りにしたポリプロピレン製の不織布A3を貼着したものである。d)については仕切板A1には特に不織布等吸着機能を有する材料を用いていない。d)に示す吸着材Aを比較例2とする。
【0036】
実施例1、比較例1及び2を用いて、図12に示す測定装置にてSPMの捕集性能の測定を行う。測定装置は吸着材A、伸縮可能なタンクB、SPM測定装置C、SPM測定装置D及びそれぞれを繋ぐ通気管EとバルブFとからなり、測定装置は全体が閉鎖系である。まずタンクBにディーゼル車から採取したSPMを含む汚染空気を貯蔵し、吸引機能を有するSPM測定装置Dにより、30秒間で225Lの空気をタンクBから測定装置Dに吸引する。そのときの吸着材A内部での空気の流速は0.75m/secである。吸着材Aの前にSPM測定装置Cを設けておき、SPM測定装置CとSPM測定装置Dとで得られた値を比較することで、SPMの捕集率を求める。実施例1、比較例1及び2を用いてそれぞれ3回ずつの測定を行い、結果の平均を以下の表1に示す。
【0037】
【表1】

Figure 0004036639
【0038】
それぞれにSPMの捕集効果が見られる。特に実施例1については捕集効果が高く、空気の流れる方向に対して垂直に邪魔板を設けることで捕集効果が更に高められることが判る。
【0039】
【発明の効果】
SPMの捕集手段に吸着材を用いることで、吸着材にSPMを捕集させて効率的なSPMの捕集ができると共に、捕集性能が低下した場合には吸着材を交換するか、又は追加することで容易に捕集性能を回復させることができる。また吸着材であれば、SPMを含む汚染空気を接触させることでSPMを捕集することが可能であり、フィルターのように空気の流れを遮るが如き状態で設ける必要がなく、汚染空気が通過するときの圧力損失を低減することができ、動力に依存する必要が少なくできる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係わる実施の一形態を示す説明図である。
【図2】本発明に係わる実施の一形態を示す断面図である。
【図3】本発明に係わる実施の一形態を示す断面図である。
【図4】吸着材の参考例を示す断面図である。
【図5】吸着材の参考例を示す断面図である。
【図6】吸着材の参考例を示す断面図である。
【図7】吸着材の参考例を示す断面図である。
【図8】本発明の吸着材に係わる実施の一形態を示す断面図である。
【図9】本発明に係わる実施の一形態を示す説明図である。
【図10】本発明に係わる実施の一形態を示す説明図である。
【図11】本発明に係わるSPM捕集性能測定試験に供する吸音材を示す説明図及び断面図である。
【図12】本発明に係わるSPM捕集性能測定試験の装置を示す説明図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an apparatus that is installed around a road and takes in and collects outside air containing suspended particulate matter.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Suspended particulate matter (hereinafter referred to as SPM) refers to particles with a diameter of 10 μm or less that are suspended in the atmosphere, mainly diesel exhaust particles containing carcinogenic substances such as benzopyrene and nitropyrene discharged from diesel vehicles. Although it is invisible, it has been regarded as a problem that humans breathe and be taken into the lungs, causing health damage such as asthma. In the current state of trials related to health damage, the judgments that are strictly questioned on the responsibility of the road administration are successively given, and the development of reliable and efficient removal methods is eagerly desired.
[0003]
SPM accounts for a large percentage of black smoke-like exhaust gas discharged from diesel vehicles such as large trucks, and is therefore abundant in contaminated air around roads with heavy traffic. Since these can be efficiently collected by being collected before being diffused into the atmosphere, the SPM collecting means is often provided with a device around the road or attached to a road incidental facility.
[0004]
Conventionally, a method of providing a porous layer on the outer surface of a sound insulation wall and adsorbing SPM in the pores, a method of forcibly collecting contaminated air containing SPM around the road, and removing the SPM by passing it through a filter, etc. Has been proposed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, simply providing a porous layer on the outer surface of the sound insulating wall naturally limits its adsorption force, so that SPM cannot be collected efficiently. In addition, the porous layer once adsorbed SPM may recover a little performance by washing away the SPM adsorbed due to rainfall, etc., but the degree is small, and the gradual trapping after the installation. A decline in collection performance is inevitable.
[0006]
In the method of passing air around the road through the filter, the SPM is fine particles of 10 μm or less as described above, and a very fine filter is required to filter such particles. Is expensive. Furthermore, the extremely fine filter increases the pressure loss when passing air, and the pressure of only natural wind or running wind is not enough when passing air. In addition, it cannot be installed where there is no power source.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and it is possible to efficiently collect SPM, and it is relatively easy to recover the collection performance, and the SPM capturing that requires less power and maintenance is required. It is intended to provide a collecting device.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention has the following configuration. That is, in the hollow portion between the intake port and the exhaust port, the intake port and the exhaust port communicating with the outside air from at least one of the hollow portions, and formed in a box-shaped body having a hollow portion. Including an SPM captured from the intake using at least one selected from the group consisting of natural wind, vehicle traveling wind, and fan wind A device in which contaminated air is introduced into a hollow portion and the contaminated air comes into contact with the collecting means so that SPM is collected and discharged from the exhaust port into the atmosphere. An adsorbent is used for the collecting means, and the intake port and the exhaust port are both provided by being drilled in the front plate of the box-like body, and the intake port is the direction in which the vehicle travels in the front plate. provided on the upstream side, an exhaust port is provided on the downstream side, Characterized in that the baffles collecting means facing the partition plates alternately arranged in the perpendicular to the direction of air flow, in which the adsorbent is formed is adhered to the outer surface of the baffle plate and the partition plate It is what.
[0009]
By using an adsorbent for the SPM collecting means, the SPM can be collected by the adsorbent and efficient SPM can be collected, and if the collection performance is reduced, the adsorbent is replaced, or By adding it, it is possible to easily recover the collection performance. In addition, if it is an adsorbent, it is possible to collect SPM by bringing contaminated air containing SPM into contact, and it is not necessary to provide the air flow as in the case of a filter, but the contaminated air passes. The pressure loss can be reduced and the need to depend on power can be reduced.
[0010]
The adsorbent is formed using a nonwoven fabric made of glass fiber and / or synthetic resin fiber.
[0011]
The collection means is characterized in that a flow path for the contaminated air is provided, and an adsorbent is provided along the flow path.
[0012]
Further, the adsorbent is characterized in that the surface has a bowl-like shape.
[0013]
Further, the flow path is characterized in that the contaminated air is prevented from passing straight by the baffle plate.
[0014]
The baffle plate is characterized in that an adsorbent is provided on the outer surface.
[0015]
Further, the collecting means is unitized so as to be removable from the box-like body, and is exchangeable from at least one place of the box-like body.
[0016]
In addition, the box-like body is installed by being inserted between columns installed on the side edge of the road, and has a soundproofing property.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of an SPM collection device according to the present invention. When the SPM collection device 1 is installed around a road, the front plate 11 has a traveling direction a. Two intake ports 12 for contaminated air are formed on the upstream side, and one exhaust port 13 is provided on the downstream side.
[0018]
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA ′ shown in FIG. 1. Two intakes 12 formed in the front plate 11 of the SPM collecting device 1 are provided with vehicle wind, Contaminated air around the road is taken into the hollow portion 14 from the intake port 12 by the air flow b such as natural wind. The intake 12 is formed obliquely toward the hollow portion 14 for reasons of appearance and security. However, the intake 12 may have a shape that protrudes outward at a location where the above problem does not occur. The contaminated air taken into the hollow portion 14 is collected by SPM collecting means 2 formed using an adsorbent. The air c after SPM collection is discharged from the exhaust port 13 into the atmosphere.
[0019]
A fan 15 may also be provided at the discharge port 13 as shown in FIG. 3 to help increase the efficiency of taking in the contaminated air b. By increasing the flow velocity of the air c after SPM collection by the fan 15 as compared with the case of running wind or natural wind of the vehicle, the amount of air b to be taken in is increased, and as a result, the SPM collection efficiency is increased. be able to. The fan may be provided at the discharge port 13 as shown in the figure a), or provided at the downstream side of the collecting means 2 in the traveling direction a of the vehicle as shown in the figure b). Also good.
[0020]
4, S indicates the reference example of PM collecting means 2, collecting means 2e in the present embodiment, four partition plates 2a2 is provided in the direction of flow of contaminated air b hollow portion 14 is 3 An adsorbent 21 having a bowl-like surface is attached to the partition plate 2a2. If the surface has a bowl shape, the adsorbent 21 may be attached to the bowl shape, and the portion forming the bowl shape may be hollow.
[0021]
The SPM trapping device according to the present invention traps SPM by taking surrounding ambient air into the hollow portion 14 of the narrow device, and the flow velocity of air in the hollow portion 14 is extremely high. Therefore, if only a plate-like adsorbent is disposed, the contaminated air passes straight through the hollow portion 14 without collecting SPM, and almost no SPM is collected. However, if a filter is provided or the adsorbent is arranged in a filter shape, the pressure loss becomes too large to prevent the contaminated air from flowing smoothly. Further, the surface area of the adsorbent on which SPM is collected is limited, and the collection effect is sustained only for a short period.
[0022]
As shown in the present embodiment, the polluted air flow path 22 is provided, and the adsorbent 21 having a bowl-like surface on the surface is continuously provided along the flow path 22, thereby reducing the pressure loss and causing the contamination. It is possible to increase the SPM collection efficiency while smoothing the air flow. Specifically, the contaminated air hits the upstream surface 211 of the adsorbent 21 in the flow of contaminated air, and SPM is collected on the adsorbent 2 by the wind pressure. By collecting the SPM on the downstream surface 212 by the turbulent flow, the surface area by which the adsorbent 21 can collect the SPM can be increased. By forming the adsorbent 21 using a nonwoven fabric, it is possible to collect SPM even with a weak wind pressure of about turbulent flow.
[0023]
Moreover, the adsorbent 21 used for the SPM collection means 2 is preferably a nonwoven fabric formed using glass fibers or synthetic resin fibers. Fibers using glass fibers or synthetic resin fibers can be formed with a small fiber diameter, and are suitable for collecting particles having a small diameter such as SPM. Moreover, the non-flammability can be imparted to the nonwoven fabric by using glass fibers, and the treatment after use can be facilitated by using synthetic resin fibers.
[0024]
Nonwoven fabric is formed by fusing force in which fibers are arranged in a web shape or mat shape, and the adhesive or fibers are entangled with each other. There are gaps between the fibers, and contaminated air passes through the gaps. It becomes possible to collect SPM in an area larger than the apparent surface area. In addition, since the gap between fibers is not constant, it is possible to cope with SPM with a wide range of particle diameters, and since a large amount of SPM is not adsorbed at a time, the collection effect can be maintained for a relatively long period of time. Can do.
[0025]
As the synthetic resin forming the synthetic resin fibers, acetate resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene and PVC, nylon, polyester resins such as PET resin and PBT resin are preferably used.
[0026]
FIG. 5 shows a reference example of the adsorbent , and the SPM collecting means 2b is formed by arranging adsorbents 21 facing each other so that the vertices of the adsorbents are staggered. By arranging the adsorbent 21 in this way, the contaminated air flow path 22 is ensured and the contaminated air b is prevented from passing in a straight line, and the contaminated air passes through the flow path 22 while being bent frequently. As a result, the wind pressure and the surface area of the adsorbent 21 can be increased, and as a result, the SPM collection efficiency can be increased.
[0027]
FIG. 6 also shows that the collecting means 2c are provided with a plurality of baffle plates 2c1 obliquely with respect to the direction in which the contaminated air flows, arranged so that the baffle plates 2c1 are parallel to each other, and the arrival of the contaminated air on the baffle plate 2c1 The adsorbent 21 whose surface is shaped like a bowl is attached to the side. FIG. 7 shows the collecting means 2d, in which the baffle plates 2d1 are alternately arranged at right angles, and the adsorbent 21 whose surface is shaped like a bowl is attached to the incoming side of the contaminated air. In addition, the adsorbent 21 may be provided also on the surface of the baffle plates 2c1 and 2d1, and the partition plates 2c1 and 2d1 themselves may be formed of the adsorbent. In any of the embodiments, the flow path 22 is secured and the pressure loss due to the collecting means 2 is suppressed, while the contaminated air is prevented from passing straight through and the wind pressure applied to the adsorbent 21 is increased. As a result, the SPM collection efficiency can be increased.
[0028]
FIG. 8 shows an embodiment according to the present invention. In the collecting means 2e, four partition plates 2e2 are provided in the direction in which contaminated air flows, and the hollow portion 14 is divided into three regions. The baffle plate 2e1 made of the adsorbent 21 is arranged perpendicularly to the direction in which the contaminated air b flows so that the contaminated air b does not pass straight through while securing the flow path 22 at intervals. Are provided continuously. By attaching the adsorbent 21 to the surface of the partition plate 2e2 or forming the partition plate 2e1 itself using the adsorbent 21, the SPM collection efficiency can be further increased.
[0029]
The baffle plate 2e1 can secure the flow path 22, and increase the part where wind pressure is applied by frequently bending the flow of the contaminated air b, that is, the part where the SPM is efficiently collected to increase the SPM collection efficiency. be able to. Specifically, it is a part of the upstream surface 211 of the flow of the contaminated air b of the baffle plate 2e2 that is the adsorbent 21 and the surface 2e21 of the partition plate to which the flow of the contaminated air b hits. The SPM is collected on the adsorbent 2 by the wind pressure, and the SPM is further collected on the downstream surface 2e12 by the turbulent flow generated by the baffle plate 2e1, so that the adsorbent 21 collects the SPM. The surface area that can be produced can be further increased.
[0030]
Further, the SPM collecting means 2 according to the present invention is preferably unitized so as to be removable from the box-shaped body as shown in FIG. 9 and replaceable from the front plate 11 of the SPM collecting device 1. . It is inevitable that the adsorption performance of the adsorbent 21 decreases as the SPM is adsorbed, and it is necessary to add or replace the adsorbent 21 at a certain point in time. By making it, it becomes possible to add and replace extremely easily and quickly. In the present embodiment, a notch is provided in a part of the front plate 11, the collecting means 2 can be attached and detached from the notch, and one surface of the collecting means 2 also serves as the front plate 11 of the notch However, the notch may be provided on a back plate (not shown) on the opposite side of the front plate 11.
[0031]
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing an embodiment in which the SPM collecting device 1 according to the present invention is used as a soundproof wall, and the SPM collecting device 1 and the sound absorbing panel 10 are installed between the columns 20. A soundproof wall is formed. Although the front plate 11 of the SPM collection device 1 has an opening, it can be provided with sound insulation by making the back plate (not shown) soundproof, and a sound absorbing material is provided in the hollow portion. Sound absorption may be provided.
[0032]
【Example】
Embodiments according to the present invention will be specifically described below.
FIG. 11 is a schematic view and a cross-sectional view showing an adsorbent used for a test for measuring SPM collection performance. Adsorbent A has the outer shape shown in a), and air containing SPM related to measurement is as follows. It is taken in from the left side surface of the adsorbent shown in FIG. The shape of the BB ′ cross-sectional view shown in a) is shown in b) to d). By passing contaminated air between the partition plates A1 provided in these, the amount of SPM before and after that is measured. The collection effect can be judged.
[0033]
The adsorbent A shown in b) is one in which three baffle plates A2 are alternately provided on the partition plate A1 facing each other, and a polyester-based nonwoven fabric is adhered to the outer surfaces of the baffle plates A2 and the partition plate A1. . The adsorbent A shown in b) is referred to as Example 1.
[0034]
The adsorbent A shown in c) is such that the surface of the baffle plate A2 attached to the partition plate A1 is at an angle of 45 degrees with respect to the direction in which the contaminated air is taken in. As for c), a non-woven fabric made of polypropylene is stuck to the outer surfaces of the baffle plate A2 and the partition plate A1. The adsorbent A shown in c) is referred to as Comparative Example 1 .
[0035]
The adsorbent A shown in d) is obtained by sticking a non-woven fabric A3 made of polypropylene, which is folded into the surface of the partition plate A1. Regarding d), the partition plate A1 does not use a material having an adsorption function such as a nonwoven fabric. The adsorbent A shown in d) is referred to as Comparative Example 2 .
[0036]
Using Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 , the SPM collection performance is measured with the measuring apparatus shown in FIG. The measuring device comprises an adsorbent A, an expandable / contractable tank B, an SPM measuring device C, an SPM measuring device D, and a vent pipe E and a valve F connecting them, and the measuring device is entirely a closed system. First, contaminated air containing SPM collected from a diesel vehicle is stored in the tank B, and 225 L of air is sucked from the tank B to the measuring device D in 30 seconds by the SPM measuring device D having a suction function. At that time, the flow velocity of air inside the adsorbent A is 0.75 m / sec. The SPM measuring device C is provided in front of the adsorbent A, and the SPM collection rate is obtained by comparing the values obtained by the SPM measuring device C and the SPM measuring device D. Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were each used for 3 measurements, and the average of the results is shown in Table 1 below.
[0037]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004036639
[0038]
Each of them shows SPM collection effect. Particularly in Example 1, the collection effect is high, and it can be seen that the collection effect is further enhanced by providing a baffle plate perpendicular to the direction of air flow.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
By using an adsorbent for the SPM collecting means, the adsorbent can collect the SPM and efficiently collect the SPM, and if the collecting performance is reduced, replace the adsorbent, or By adding it, it is possible to easily recover the collection performance. In addition, if it is an adsorbent, it is possible to collect SPM by bringing contaminated air containing SPM into contact, and it is not necessary to provide the air flow as in the case of a filter, but the contaminated air passes. The pressure loss can be reduced and the need to depend on power can be reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing an embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing an embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a reference example of an adsorbent.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a reference example of an adsorbent.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a reference example of an adsorbent.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a reference example of an adsorbent.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of the adsorbent according to the present invention.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment according to the present invention.
FIGS. 11A and 11B are an explanatory view and a cross-sectional view showing a sound absorbing material used in an SPM collection performance measurement test according to the present invention. FIGS.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing an apparatus for measuring SPM collection performance according to the present invention.

Claims (8)

中空部を有する箱状体に穿設された、少なくとも1つずつの前記中空部から外気に通ずる取込口及び排気口と、前記取込口と排気口との間の前記中空部に設けられた浮遊粒子状物質の捕集手段とを備え、自然風、車両の走行風、ファンによる風からなる群から選ばれた、少なくとも1つを用い前記取込口から取り込まれた浮遊粒子状物質を含む汚染空気が中空部に導入されると共に該汚染空気が前記捕集手段に接触することで浮遊粒子状物質が捕集されて、排気口から大気中に放出されるようになされた装置であって、浮遊粒子状物質の捕集手段に吸着材が用いられ、且つ前記取込口及び排気口はいずれも箱状体の前面板に穿設されて設けられると共に、前記前面板において、取込口は車両の走行する方向の上流側に設けられ、排気口は下流側に設けられ、該捕集手段は向かい合う仕切板間に邪魔板を空気の流れる方向に対して垂直にして互い違いに設け、邪魔板及び仕切板の外面に吸着材が貼着されて形成されたものであることを特徴とする浮遊粒子状物質捕集装置。Provided in the hollow portion between the intake port and the exhaust port, and the intake port and the exhaust port that are formed in the box-shaped body having the hollow portion and communicate with the outside air from the at least one hollow portion. Suspended particulate matter collected from the intake using at least one selected from the group consisting of natural wind, vehicle running wind, and fan wind This is an apparatus in which the contaminated air is introduced into the hollow part, and the contaminated air is brought into contact with the collecting means so that the suspended particulate matter is collected and discharged from the exhaust port to the atmosphere. In addition, an adsorbent is used as a means for collecting suspended particulate matter, and both the intake port and the exhaust port are provided by being drilled in the front plate of the box-shaped body. The outlet is provided upstream in the direction of travel of the vehicle, and the exhaust outlet is downstream. Provided, that a baffle plate is the collecting means facing the partition plates alternately arranged in the perpendicular to the direction of flow of air, the adsorbent on the outer surface of the baffle plate and the partition plate are formed is adhered suspended particulate matter trapping device, characterized in that it. 吸着材は、ガラス繊維及び/又は合成樹脂繊維による不織布を用いて形成したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の浮遊粒子状物質捕集装置。 The suspended particulate matter collecting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the adsorbent is formed using a nonwoven fabric made of glass fiber and / or synthetic resin fiber. 捕集手段は、前記汚染空気の流路が設けられ、該流路に沿って吸着材が設けられているものであることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の浮遊粒子状物質捕集装置。 The suspended particulate matter collection according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the collecting means is provided with a flow path of the contaminated air, and an adsorbent is provided along the flow path. apparatus. 吸着材は、表面が襞状の形状となされていることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の浮遊粒子状物質捕集装置。 The suspended particulate matter collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the adsorbent has a bowl-like surface. 流路は、邪魔板により前記汚染空気が直進して通過しないようになされたことを特徴とする請求項3又は4に記載の浮遊粒子状物質捕集装置 The suspended particulate matter collecting apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the flow path is configured so that the contaminated air does not pass straight through a baffle plate. 邪魔板は、外面に吸着材が設けられていることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の浮遊粒子状物質捕集装置。 6. The suspended particulate matter collecting apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the baffle plate is provided with an adsorbent on an outer surface thereof. 捕集手段は、前記箱状体の少なくとも1箇所から取り外し可能にユニット化され、吸着材の交換及び/又は追加が可能となされていることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の浮遊粒子状物質捕集装置。 The collection means is unitized so as to be removable from at least one place of the box-like body, and replacement and / or addition of an adsorbent is possible. The suspended particulate matter collection device described in 1. 箱状体は、道路側縁に設置された支柱間に差し渡されて設置され、防音性を有することを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の浮遊粒子状物質捕集装置。 The suspended particulate matter collecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the box-like body is installed by being passed between columns installed on a road side edge, and has soundproofing properties.
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CN112921844A (en) * 2021-01-25 2021-06-08 广东金基建设工程有限公司 Road construction sound insulation protective screen structure

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