JP4037633B2 - Fish reef using scallop shell - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fish reef manufactured using a shell of a shellfish and a protective reef for a radon animal. Specifically, fish reefs, corals that are manufactured by kneading and molding using shells after removing the contents of scallop shells generated from processing ports and fishermen's houses, slag generated from steel companies, and cement It relates to protected reefs for root animals.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Since ancient times, shellfish such as scallops, sea bream, oysters, clams, clams, turban shells and swordfish have been eaten in Japan. Some of these shellfish are shipped as they are without being processed, but some are shipped after being processed at a processing port in a fishing port. Therefore, a large amount of shells are generated as wastes after removing shellfish contents at processing plants and fishermen's houses. However, these wastes are at most reclaimed or piled up in vacant land and left unattended. Currently, due to various circumstances, reduction of the amount of these wastes is being urged, and countermeasure methods such as product development using these shells are being studied.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, when commercializing using these shells, it is very difficult to use the shells as they are because it takes time to deal with malodors and molds generated from the remaining deposits of the discarded shells. Therefore, there is no effective usage method at present. The present invention has been proposed in order to cope with such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to reuse shellfish shells generated from a processing port in a fishing port or a fisherman's house.
[0004]
On the other hand, in a steel company, a large amount of slag is generated in an iron making process or a steel making process. This slag has characteristics such as being cured when exposed to water (latent hydraulic property) and having a large frictional resistance (internal friction angle) between particles. For this reason, it is used as a material for civil engineering construction. In 1998, 223 billion tons of blast furnace slag and 129 billion tons of steelmaking slag were used nationwide. However, due to the shrinking construction market and competition with natural materials, there is a need to develop new applications.
[0005]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, marine civil engineering materials for fish reefs and protective reefs for carp animals have been widely used because they are supplied in large quantities with low cost, high strength and good workability. In these concrete fish reefs and protected reefs of root-root animals, seaweed adheres for 1 to 3 years after installation in the ocean. However, it does not adhere after that, and after 5 years it does not adhere at all, so it is said that it does not play the role of a fish reef. At present, environmental conservation is becoming more and more important, and it is necessary to develop civil engineering materials suitable for this.
[0006]
The present invention has been proposed to cope with such problems, and uses wastes such as shells of shells generated from processing plants and fishermen's houses at fishing ports, and steelmaking slag generated from steelmaking companies. The purpose is to mix and mold cement to form fish reefs and protective reefs for roots.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the first aspect of the present invention is a fine aggregate in which the mixing ratio of the shell is 20 to 65 wt%, and the steel slag generated in the steel company is pulverized to have a particle size of 5 mm or less. Each material is kneaded and molded so that the blending ratio of the steel slag is 13 to 60 wt% and the blending ratio of the solidifying material containing a resin mainly composed of an acrylate copolymer resin is 15 to 25 wt%. It is a fish reef and a protected reef for radish animals characterized by being
[0008]
The second aspect of the present invention is the protection of fish reefs and roots, wherein the shells are washed, dried and crushed shells of scallops to have a particle size of 5-10 mm. It is a reef.
[0009]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the steel slag is a protective reef for fish reefs and roots, wherein the slag generated by a steel company is pulverized to have a particle size of 5 mm or less. is there.
[0010]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the solidifying material is obtained by adding one or both of Portland cement and shellcon B to a resin mainly composed of the acrylate copolymer resin. It is a reef that protects fish and reeds.
[0011]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a protective reef for fish reefs and roots animals having a compressive strength of 50 to 175 kg / cm ² .
[0012]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the protective reef is provided with a bottom provided with an opening, an outer ring provided in a circle or a polygon around the bottom, and a circle or a polygon provided inside the outer ring. It is a protection reef for fish reefs and rhizomes, characterized in that it is composed of an inner ring.
[0013]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a protection reef for fish reefs and roots, wherein the outer ring is selected from a dodecagon, a hexagon, and a hexagon.
[0014]
According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a protection reef for fish reefs and roots, wherein the inner ring is selected from a hexagon, an octagon, and a hexagon.
[0015]
According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fish reef or a protection reef for a radon animal, wherein openings are provided in a plurality of surfaces among the surfaces forming the polygon of the inner ring or the outer ring. is there.
[0016]
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reef for fish and reeds, which is used for breeding reefs such as sea urchins and abalone.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of fish reefs and protected reefs for carp animals according to the present invention will be described below. Wastes such as scallop shells generated from processing plants in fisheries and fishermen's houses, steel slag, and solidified material are kneaded together with the required amount of water and cast to protect fish reefs and roots. Manufacture reefs. The reef of the fish reef and the root reef animal according to the present invention has a blending ratio of scallop shells and the like of 20 to 75 wt%, a blending ratio of steel slag of 60 wt% or less (including 0 wt%), and a blending ratio of solidified material of 15 It is formed by kneading ˜25 wt% material.
[0018]
Here, the scallop shell used in the present invention will be described. Currently, a promising reuse method has not been established yet, and many of them are left unoccupied. Some are used for souvenirs and crafts, but the amount used is less than a few percent of the amount generated. Therefore, it is necessary to develop applications that can be consumed in large quantities. In the present invention, the description will focus on shells of scallops, but other shells such as oysters, pearl oysters, etc. can also be used.
[0019]
Pre-treatment may be required to reuse scallop shell waste. As the pretreatment, for example, the shell from which the contents have been removed is washed thoroughly with water and left outdoors for one year. As a result, there are no deposits remaining, and natural drying is performed. Of course, you may dry using the dryer using a liquid, gas, a solid fuel, or the dryer using an electric heat as needed.
[0020]
The shell is pulverized using a pulverizer such as a roll crusher to obtain a scallop shell pulverized product having a particle size of 5 to 10 mm. The particle size is desirably 5 to 10 mm. This is because it becomes difficult to form a porous body even if the particle size is less than 5 mm or more than 10 mm. In addition, when the particle size distribution satisfies a certain range, the packing becomes closest packing, so the particle size range is set to 5 to 10 mm.
[0021]
An example of the composition of the scallop shells is shown in Table 1 as FIG. About 95% is CaO. The reason why the scallop shell is 20-75 wt% in the present invention is less effective in terms of recycling scallop shells if it is below 20 wt%. Moreover, it is because it will be less than prescription | regulation intensity | strength when it exceeds 75 wt%.
[0022]
Next, steel slag used in the present invention will be described. Here, steel slag refers to blast furnace slag and steelmaking slag. Steelmaking slag includes converter slag and electric furnace slag. The so-called steel slag is generated in tens of thousands of tons per year per company and is a very large amount of waste. Therefore, application development has progressed and it is used for roadbed materials and cement raw materials. However, now that the building market is shrinking, the demand for steel slag is greatly decreasing.
[0023]
By the way, according to recent research, when elements such as Fe, P and Si contained in steel slag are eluted in the ocean in a well-balanced manner, it is clear that marine phytoplankton grows by photosynthesis using them as nutrient sources. It has become. Since sunlight and CO ₂ are used for photosynthesis, marine phytoplankton can be grown using steel slag to fix CO ₂ in the atmosphere. If this method is used, it can contribute to the reduction of CO ₂ which is one of the causes of the global warming phenomenon. Also, in order to promote the growth of marine phytoplankton, there will always be abundant sea urchins, abalone, and plankton, which is the source of fish, around fish reef materials.
[0024]
The steel slag used in the present invention is obtained by pulverizing and screening slag generated by a steel company to 5 mm or less. The particle size is desirably 5 mm or less. The reason for this is that if the particle size exceeds 5 mm, it will not function as a fine-grained aggregate. Table 1 as FIG. 2 shows a typical component composition of each slag. In the present invention, the reason why the mixing ratio of the steel slag is set to 60 wt% or less (including 0 wt%) is that when it exceeds 60 wt%, the amount of shellfish used for the scallop is reduced accordingly.
[0025]
Next, the solidifying material used in the present invention will be described. Cement or resin can be used as the solidifying material. As the cement, a general cement can be used. For example, it is desirable to use Portland cement. The chemical composition of Portland cement is shown in Table 1 as FIG.
[0026]
As the resin used as the solidifying material, it is desirable to use, for example, Shellcon A (manufactured by Nippon SC Co., Ltd.) whose outer appearance mainly includes an acrylate copolymer resin is a milky white aqueous emulsion. The shell control A has the following characteristics.
(1) Mixing stability is good even when the material reaches 40 degrees in summer.
(2) Since a small amount of water is required when cement is kneaded, a dense and high strength can be obtained.
(3) There is fluidity of mortar when mixed, and the construction efficiency of the floor surface is increased.
(4) Alkali resistance and durability are good, and cracks and cracks are not likely to occur.
[0027]
Further, as the solidifying material, it is desirable to use, for example, Shellcon B (manufactured by Nippon SC Co., Ltd.), which is obtained by adding an admixture and a thickener to Portland cement. By using the shellcon A and the shellcon B in combination, the molded product becomes a porous body and can exhibit a water permeability effect more.
[0028]
In the present invention, the blending ratio of the solidifying material is set to 15 to 25 wt%. In the present invention, the reason why the blending ratio of the solidifying material is 15 to 25 wt% is that the blending ratio with the solidifying material is deteriorated even if the blending ratio is less than 15 wt% or exceeds 25 wt%. Further, any one or more of Portland cement, Shellcon A, and Shellcon B are used as the solidifying material. The weight ratio of Portland cement, Shellcon A, and Shellcon B is preferably Portland cement: Shellcon A: Shellcon B = (0-20) :( 0-5) :( 0-20). By maintaining this ratio, a permeable fish reef can be produced.
[0029]
Next, the conditions required for the fish reef material, the protection reef of the root carcass according to the present invention will be described.
(1) Safety There shall be no chemical or physical adverse effects on living organisms.
(2) Durability Structurally, it has a durability of 30 years or more (maintaining strength).
(3) Functionality It is a structure where useful aquatic animals gather (having voids).
(4) Economic efficiency The amount of money is appropriate for conventional products.
[0030]
Regarding the above items, (1) With regard to safety, it can be said that the safety is greater when the material is closer to that existing in nature. Therefore, it is considered to be very effective to use a natural material such as a scallop shell. In particular, sea urchin collection has the habit of wearing flowing algae and shells, so it has an effect not found in existing concrete civil engineering materials. Also, regarding (2) durability and (3) functionality, the strength decreases as the number of voids increases, so it is important to balance both.
[0031]
Here, the shape of the fish reef material will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a fish reef according to the present invention. FIG.1 (b) is a top view, FIG.1 (c) is front sectional drawing. The fish reef 1 includes an opening 6 provided at the bottom at the center, an outer ring 2 provided around the bottom, and an inner ring 3 provided inside the outer ring 2. The upper part has an open structure.
[0032]
The outer ring 2 is formed in a polygon closer to a circle in order to reduce the resistance of seawater. The outer ring 2 has a shape close to a circle, for example, a dodecagon, a hexagon, and a decagon. Of course, the number of squares may be larger or smaller. The inner ring 3 may be hexagonal, octagonal, decagonal or the like. Since the radius is smaller than that of the outer ring, the number of squares may be small.
[0033]
Further, by making the height of the inner ring 3 higher or lower than that of the outer ring 2, various water flows can be made. Moreover, the thickness of the outer ring | wheel 2 or the inner ring | wheel 3 can be changed with a condition. If the size of the fish reef is small, it should be thin, and if it is large, it should be thick.
[0034]
The outer ring 2 is provided with openings 4 on a plurality of surfaces of the outer ring 2 so that seawater can be conducted. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, quadrangular openings 4 are provided on every other dodecagonal surface. Similarly, the inner ring 3 is provided with openings 5 on a plurality of surfaces of the inner ring 3. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, square openings 5 are provided every other hexagonal surface. By forming in this way, the flow of the ocean current in the fish reef 1 can be dispersed, and fresh seawater can be spread all over the corner. In other words, seaweed spores can reach the entire reef. Furthermore, since fish reefs are porous, seaweed spores are likely to adhere to the voids.
[0035]
Next, the manufacturing method of the above fish reef is demonstrated below. First, add 1.5 times the amount of water to the shellcon A weight and mix well until they are evenly mixed. Next, the weighed scallop shell, steel slag, cement and shellcon B are mixed until uniform. A mixed liquid of the shellcon A and water is added to the mixture, and the mixture is kneaded for about 5 minutes using a mortar mixer or a concrete mixer.
[0036]
The mixed solution of shellcon A and water is added so that the content is about 3 to 7 wt% with respect to the above mixture, but it is appropriately adjusted because it varies depending on the climate, weather, and moisture content of the material used. . If the above kneading time is short, the mixture does not mix uniformly, and if the kneading time is too long, it becomes impossible to form a porous body.
[0037]
Next, a mold designed in a predetermined shape is placed on a vibration table, and the kneaded material is poured into the mold. Casting is performed with vibration so that the kneaded material is evenly distributed throughout the mold. At this time, the vibration time is preferably about 2 to 5 minutes after all the mixture is poured into the mold. If the vibration time is short, the kneaded product cannot be cast uniformly, and if it is too long, the foamed bubbles disappear, so care must be taken.
[0038]
Next, the kneaded material cast into the mold is kept at 25 to 50 ° C. for 3 to 4 days. Next, the mold is removed to obtain a fish reef. The manufactured fish reef has a compressive strength of 50 to 175 kg / cm ² . The compressive strength can be determined using a method according to JISH1108. If the compressive strength falls below 50 kg / cm ² , the fish reef material may be damaged during the installation work. Conversely, even if it exceeds 175 kg / cm ² , there is no structural advantage. The fish reef and root reef protection reef produced in this way can be used as breeding reefs for sea urchins and abalone.
【Example】
Examples of the present invention are shown in Table 2 as FIG. First, the materials were weighed at the ratios shown in (1) to (6). Next, a predetermined amount of water was added to Shellcon A and mixed well to prepare a mixed solution. Next, a scallop shell, steel slag, cement and shellcon B were mixed well using a mortar mixer to prepare a mixture. Next, the mixed solution and the mixture were mixed and kneaded for 5 minutes using a concrete mixer to prepare a kneaded product. Next, a cylindrical container having a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 200 mm was placed on a vibration table, and the kneaded material was poured into a mold. The shaking table was vibrated while pouring. The vibration time was 2 to 5 minutes after the kneaded product was poured into the mold. Next, it was kept at 25 to 50 ° C. for 3 days, and was removed from the mold to obtain a sample.
[0039]
Next, the compressive strength of the sample was determined and shown in Table 2 as FIG. From these results, it can be seen that any of (1) to (6) is 50 kg / cm ² or more, which is suitable as a fish reef.
【The invention's effect】
The fish reef produced by kneading waste such as scallop shells, steel slag, and solidified material is a porous material, and therefore, it is easy to adhere to seaweed spores in the voids and is suitable as a fish reef.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view, a plan view, and a front sectional view of a fish reef.
2 is a composition of components such as scallop shells shown in Table 1 as shown in FIG.
3 is an embodiment of the present invention shown in Table 2 as FIG.
1 fish reef 2 outer ring 3 inner ring 4 outer ring opening 5 inner ring opening 6 bottom opening

Claims (9)

The blending ratio of the shell is 20 to 65 wt%, and the blending ratio of the steel slag, which is fine aggregate in which the particle diameter is adjusted to 5 mm or less by pulverizing the steel slag generated in the steel company, is 13 to 60 wt%, acrylic ester A fish reef or a soy root characterized in that it is obtained by kneading and molding each material so that the blending ratio of the solidifying material containing a resin whose main component is a copolymer resin is 15 to 25 wt% Animal protection reef.  2. The fish reef and the basin animal protective reef according to claim 1, wherein the shell is a scallop shell washed, dried and pulverized to have a particle size of 5 to 10 mm. 3. The solidifying material according to claim 1, wherein the solidifying material is obtained by adding one or both of Portland cement and Shellcon B to a resin mainly composed of the acrylate copolymer resin . 4. Protective reefs for fish reefs and roots. Reef according to any one of claims 1 to 3, compressive strength, characterized in that a 50~175kg / cm ^2, the protective reefs Isone animals.  The protective reef includes a bottom provided with an opening, an outer ring provided in a circular or polygonal shape around the bottom, and an inner ring provided in a circular or polygonal shape inside the outer ring. The fish reef according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized by the following:  6. The fish reef and the coral animal protective reef according to claim 5, wherein the outer ring is selected from a dodecagon, a hexagon, and a decagon.  7. The fish reef and the radon animal protective reef according to claim 5, wherein the inner ring is selected from a hexagon, an octagon, and a hexagon.  8. The fish reef or rooted animal according to claim 5, wherein openings are provided in a plurality of surfaces among the surfaces forming the polygon of the inner ring or the outer ring. 9. Protective reef.  The protection of fish reefs and roots animals according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the protection reefs of fish reefs and roots can be used for breeding reefs such as sea urchins and abalone. Reef.

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