Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
JP4040135B2 - Manufacturing method of ZnSe-based compound semiconductor laser - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

JP4040135B2 - Manufacturing method of ZnSe-based compound semiconductor laser - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of ZnSe-based compound semiconductor laser Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4040135B2
JP4040135B2 JP8893097A JP8893097A JP4040135B2 JP 4040135 B2 JP4040135 B2 JP 4040135B2 JP 8893097 A JP8893097 A JP 8893097A JP 8893097 A JP8893097 A JP 8893097A JP 4040135 B2 JP4040135 B2 JP 4040135B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
znse
layer
znte
heat treatment
contact
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP8893097A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPH10270806A (en
Inventor
勇 西野
一之 梅津
徹 佐川
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dowa Holdings Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Dowa Holdings Co Ltd
Dowa Mining Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dowa Holdings Co Ltd, Dowa Mining Co Ltd filed Critical Dowa Holdings Co Ltd
Priority to JP8893097A priority Critical patent/JP4040135B2/en
Publication of JPH10270806A publication Critical patent/JPH10270806A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4040135B2 publication Critical patent/JP4040135B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Landscapes

  • Semiconductor Lasers (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、青色から緑色にいたる領域まで発光可能なZnSe系半導体レーザおよびその製造方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来技術としては、下記のようなものがある。
【0003】
第1の例は、アメリカの3M社がZnCdSe単一量子井戸を用いて77Kでパルス発振に成功した素子構造に用いられたものである。
【0004】
すなわちZnSe系化合物半導体素子のp側コンタクトとして、p型ZnSeに直接Auを蒸着して電極とする方法である(Appl. Phys. Lett. 59(11), P1272 9 sept. 1991)。その構造を図2に示す。
【0005】
すなわち、n−GaAs基板1上にn−GaAsバッファ層3、n−ZnSeバッファ層4、n−ZnSSeクラッド層6、n−ZnSe光ガイド層9を成長後、ZnCdSe量子井戸活性層10を成長し、その上にp−ZnSe光ガイド層12、p−ZnSSeクラッド層14、p−ZnSeバッファ層15を成長した後、直接p側Au電極20を蒸着し、n側にはIn電極22を蒸着した。18はポリイミド層である。
【0006】
第2の例は、p型ZnTeをコンタクト層とし、その下部にp−ZnTeとp−ZnSeとの超格子層を形成する。その際、p−ZnTeの厚さの比を徐々に変化させることで疑似的な傾斜バンドギャップ層を形成して、Au/Pt/PdあるいはAu/Pt/Niを蒸着して電極とする方法である。
【0007】
第3の例は、第2例と同様、p型ZnTeをコンタクト層とし、その下部にp−ZnTeとp−ZnSeの超格子層を形成する際にp−ZnSeの厚さを一定に保ち、p−ZnTeの膜厚を厚くし、p−ZnTeの量子井戸内の量子準位を連続させることでZnSeとZnTeの障壁を減少させ、Au/Pt/PdあるいはAu/Pt/Niを蒸着して電極として良好なオーミックコンタクトを得る方法である。
【0008】
第2例および第3例において、p−ZnTeをコンタクト層として用いるのは、p−ZnTeが価電子帯が浅く、金属と容易にオーミックコンタクトがとれ、コンタクト部での電圧降下を低減することができるからである。第2例および第3例で述べた、素子の構造を図3に示す。
【0009】
すなわち、n−GaAs基板1上にn−GaAsバッファ層3、n−ZnSeバッファ層4、n−ZnMgSSeクラッド層7、n−ZnSSe光ガイド層8を成長後、ZnCdSe量子井戸活性層10を成長し、その上にp−ZnSSe光ガイド層11、p−ZnMgSSeクラッド層13、p−ZnSSeバッファ層14、p−ZnSeバッファ層15を成長し、さらにp−ZnSe/p−ZnTe超格子層16、p−ZnTeコンタクト層17を成長した後、p側にはPd/Pt/Au電極21、n側にはIn電極22をそれぞれ蒸着堆積させた。19はSiO2 絶縁体である。
【0010】
しかしこのような従来技術にあっては次のような欠点があった。
第1の例のようにp型ZnSeに直接Auを蒸着して電極とする方法では、p−ZnSeの価電子帯の端とAuの仕事関数が1(eV)と大きいため、ショットキー障壁が形成されて抵抗値が増加し、レーザ発振のしきい値電流が500A/cm2 程度と高くなる。また動作電圧も15Vから20Vと高く、寿命も短くて数秒である。
【0011】
第2例および第3例に示したように、ZnSe/ZnTeの超格子層疑似傾斜バンドギャップ層をp型ZnTeでキャップしてコンタクト材とし、その上にPdもしくはNi蒸着し、これを不活性雰囲気中で熱処理を行うと、250℃近傍でコンタクト抵抗が最小となる。このときのしきい値電流密度は30A/cm2 、動作電圧は2.63Vであり、またTLM法(Transmission Line Model )により測定して抵抗値は10-5から10-6Ωcm-2となる(Appl.Phys.Lett., Vol.64, No.9,1120(1994), Electronics Letters 4th.March 503 (1993)Vol.29 No.5, あるいは、特開平 −310811、特開平6−310815)。
【0012】
しかしレーザを高出力で発振させて寿命試験を行うと、コンタクト部分が発熱し数百時間で発光しなくなるという問題があった。
【0013】
このためZnSe系化合物半導体を用いたレーザは実用化にいたってはいない。
【0014】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ZnSe系化合物半導体は比較的蒸気圧が高い元素で構成されるため熱的に不安定であり、製造工程において熱処理を行う場合は400℃以下とすることが望ましいとされている。また従来技術ではZnSe系化合物半導体のp型電極を形成する際、熱処理を不活性雰囲気で260℃にて行うことにより電極部分のコンタクト抵抗が極小となり、比較的良好なレーザ発振特性が得られるとされているが、しかし前記のような欠点を有している。
【0015】
したがって本発明の目的は、ZnSe系化合物半導体を活性層とする発光素子の電極部分におけるコンタクト抵抗が低く良好なオーミック接触が得られ、発熱の低減、素子の長寿命化が可能なZnSe系半導体レーザおよびその製造方法を提供することにある。
【0016】
【課題を解決するための手段】
発明者らは上記目的を達成すべく鋭意研究を行った結果、熱処理によるコンタクト抵抗の減少および増加の原因は、Znの蒸発による空孔の生成によって、実効キャリア密度が減少することに起因することを見出だし、この欠点を克服するためZn雰囲気、Se雰囲気もしくは溶融亜鉛中にて熱処理を行なうことで、結晶性の劣化を防止し実効アクセプタ密度を減少させることもなく、400℃以上での熱処理が可能となった。上限は600℃としたがこの理由はこれをこえて熱処理を行うとZnSe中のZnが離脱して結晶欠陥が増加するためよくないからである。
【0017】
この熱処理を行うことによってコンタクト抵抗が従来値の1/10以下となり、素子の寿命を延ばすことが可能となった。すなわちZnSe系発光素子のp型コンタクト層としてp型ZnSeおよびp型ZnTeの超格子を形成し、PdあるいはNiを蒸着してZn雰囲気、Se雰囲気もしくは溶融亜鉛中にて熱処理を行い、10-6Ωcm-2以下のコンタクト抵抗値を得ることで、コンタクト層の発熱が低減し、素子の長寿命化を可能とすることができ、本発明を提供することができた。
【0018】
すなわち本発明は、ZnSe単結晶基板上に作製され、p−ZnSe、p−ZnTeの傾斜組成の超格子層と一面が該層に接し他面がAuを含むp型電極材に接するp−ZnTe層とからなるp型コンタクト層を有するp型電極のZnSe系化合物半導体素子の製造工程における熱処理を、溶融亜鉛中で400℃以上600℃以下にて行うことを特徴とするZnSe系化合物半導体レーザの製造方法を提供するものである。
【0019】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明では、ZnSe発光素子の電極形成はZn雰囲気、Se雰囲気もしくは溶融亜鉛中にて熱処理を行うことでZnの空孔の生成を防止することができるので、傾斜組成層の結晶欠陥の生成を低減させキャリア密度の減少が防ぎ得る。得られたZnSe系化合物半導体レーザはコンタクト層の抵抗値が従来の1/10に低減し、駆動電圧は3V以下、駆動電流は50mA以下であり従来の赤色レーザと同程度の特性を有している。このように素子劣化の原因となる電極部の発熱を減少させることで発光素子の信頼性を高めることができる。
【0020】
【実施例1】
図1は実施例1において使用した素子の断面図を示したものであり、この図を用いて説明する。
【0021】
基板は(100)方位の絶縁性ZnSe基板上に、約100μmのn型ZnSeを液相エピタキシャル法により成長させたものを研磨して使用した。この時のエピタキシャル層の室温における電気特性は、キャリア密度5×1018cm-3、移動度280cm2 /Vであった。
【0022】
このn−ZnSe基板2上にZnCdSeを活性層とする単一量子井戸レーザを、分子線エピタキシ法により作製した。以下その詳細について説明する。 基板は約100℃にて3時間のベーキングを行った後、10-10 Torrに真空排気した成長室に導入した。基板の酸化膜除去は200℃から420℃まで昇温しながら水素プラズマ(RF電力:350W、水素流量:0.1sccm)を照射し、反射電子回折パターンがストリーク(直線状に明るくなる状態)になるまで行った。
【0023】
酸化膜除去後280℃に降温し、約2分間Znを照射してバッファ層としてn型ZnSe4を約0.1μm成長した後、n型クラッド層(n型Mg0.1 Zn0.90.15Se0.85)7を0.8μm、n型光ガイド層(n−ZnSe)9を0.1μm成長した。活性層としてはZn0.9 Cd0.1 Se10を6nm成長した。そしてp型光ガイド層(p−ZnSe)12を0.1μm、p型クラッド層(p型Mg0.1 Zn0.90.15Se0.85)13を0.6μm成長した。バッファ層として0.1μmのp型ZnSe15を成長し、コンタクト層としてp−ZnSe、p−ZnTeの超格子層(傾斜組成層)16を52nm成長して、50nmのp−ZnTe17でキャップし成長を完了した。
【0024】
成長室より取り出した基板は、研磨とエッチングにより絶縁層を除去しn型低抵抗層を露出した。次にp型コンタクト部分にレジストにより700μmピッチ、10μm幅のストライプを形成した。これをマスクとしてスパッタ法によりSiO2 膜を0.1μm堆積させた。その後超音波を用いてレジストをリフトオフして基板表面に10μmのストライプ状の窓を形成した。
【0025】
金属電極は電子ビーム蒸着法によりp型電極材21としてPd/Pt/Auを各々0.1μm堆積させた。n型電極材23としてTi/Pt/Auを各々0.1μm堆積させた。
【0026】
蒸着後の熱処理は、図4に示すように石英製熱処理容器(アンプル)24を上下を2室に分割し、これを小さい通気孔25で接続して通気可能にしたものの中にて行った。すなわち、この容器の下部に純度7N(99.99999%)の亜鉛粒26を入れ、上部にレーザ基板27をセットして真空封入した。これをゴールドイメージ炉にて450℃にて3分間の熱処理を行った。このときの昇温速度は100℃/秒とした。なお計算より求めた450℃における亜鉛の蒸気圧は0.0005気圧である。熱処理後の基板27は、へき開によりチップ(素子)に加工し、レーザ発光素子とした。
【0027】
この時の素子の特性を表1に示す。
【0028】
またTLM(Transmission line medel)法により算出したp型電極のコンタクト抵抗値も併記した。TLM法によるコンタクト抵抗の測定は、n型ZnSeエピタキシャル層(キャリア密度5×1018cm-3)上に、p−ZnSe、p−ZnTeの傾斜組成層を52nm成長して、p−ZnTe(キャリア密度1019cm-3)50nmでキャップしたダミー素子により測定を行った(測定法の詳細は、Appl.Phys.Lett.,Vol.64,No.9,1120(1994)あるいは特開平6−125073を参照)。
【0029】
【実施例2】
実施例1同様電極付けが完了した基板は、石英製熱処理容器24(図4)を用いて、純度7N(99.99999%)のSe粒とともに真空封入し、450℃にて3分間の熱処理を行った。このときの昇温速度は100℃/秒とした。なお計算より求めた450℃におけるSeの蒸気圧は0.02気圧である。
【0030】
熱処理後の基板はへき開によりチップ(素子)に加工し、レーザ発光素子とした。このときの素子特性を表1に示す。またTLM法により算出したp電極のコンタクト抵抗値も併記した。
【0031】
これによりSe雰囲気においても実施例1と同様の効果が得られることが確認された。
【0032】
【実施例3】
実施例1同様電極付けが完了した基板を溶融亜鉛中で熱処理を行った。図4(b)の石英製アンプル24の下部に、純度7N(99.99999%)の亜鉛粒26とレーザ基板27を入れ、真空封入した。次に基板と亜鉛を入れた容器側を下にして、縦型ゴールドイメージ炉で450℃にて3分間の熱処理を行った。このときの昇温速度は100℃/秒とした。熱処理後容器を反転させて溶融亜鉛28と基板27を分離した後急速冷却した。
【0033】
熱処理後の基板はへき開によりチップ(素子)に加工し、レーザ発光素子とした。このときの素子特性を表1に示す。
【0034】
これにより溶融亜鉛中の熱処理においてもZnもしくはSe雰囲気中での熱処理と同様の効果が得られることが確認された。
【0035】
【比較例】
実施例1にて得られた、ダミー素子を窒素雰囲気中にて450℃で熱処理を施し、TLM法によりp電極のコンタクト抵抗値を測定したところ、10-2Ωcm2 であり、実施例の結果と比較すると顕著な差が確認された。
【0036】
【表1】

Figure 0004040135
【0037】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、ZnSe系化合物半導体の製造工程における熱処理をZn雰囲気あるいはSe雰囲気もしくは溶融亜鉛中において行うことにより、実効キャリア密度の減少を防止するとともに、p型電極部下において良好なオーミック接触を得られる。これにより、レーザ等の発光素子が製造できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の1実施例において、ZnSe基板上に作製したZnCdSe単一量子井戸レーザの構造を示す断面図である。
【図2】従来技術のうち、アメリカ3M社が開発したZnCdSe単一量子井戸レーザの構造を示す断面図である。
【図3】従来技術のうち、p−ZnTeをコンタクト層とし、ZnSe/ZnTe共鳴トンネルを用いたZnCdSe単一量子井戸レーザの構造を示す断面図である。
【図4】本発明の実施例、比較例において、蒸着して電極付けが完了した基板の熱処理を行うために用いた石英製熱処理容器の断面図であって、同図(a)は気相中熱処理の場合、(b)(c)は溶融亜鉛中熱処理の場合で、(b)は熱処理前、(c)は熱処理後基板と溶融亜鉛を分離した状態を示す。
【符号の説明】
1 n−GaAs基板
2 n−ZnSe基板
3 n−GaAsバッファ層
4 n−ZnSeバッファ層
5 n−ZnSSeバッファ層
6 n−ZnSSeクラッド層
7 n−ZnMgSSeクラッド層
8 n−ZnSSe光ガイド層
9 n−ZnSe光ガイド層
10 ZnCdSe量子井戸活性層
11 p−ZnSSe光ガイド層
12 p−ZnSe光ガイド層
13 p−ZnMgSSeクラッド層
14 p−ZnSSe層
15 p−ZnSeバッファ層
16 p−ZnSe/p−ZnTe超格子層
17 p−ZnTeコンタクト層
18 ポリイミド
19 SiO2 絶縁体
20 Au電極
21 Pd/Pt/Au電極
22 In電極
23 Ti/Pt/Au電極
24 石英製熱処理容器
25 通気孔
26 亜鉛粒
27 レーザ基板
28 溶融亜鉛[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a ZnSe-based semiconductor laser capable of emitting light in a region from blue to green and a method for manufacturing the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The following are conventional techniques.
[0003]
In the first example, 3M of the United States was used for an element structure that succeeded in pulse oscillation at 77K using a ZnCdSe single quantum well.
[0004]
That is, as a p-side contact of a ZnSe-based compound semiconductor element, Au is directly deposited on p-type ZnSe to form an electrode (Appl. Phys. Lett. 59 (11), P12729 9 sept. 1991). The structure is shown in FIG.
[0005]
That is, after growing an n-GaAs buffer layer 3, an n-ZnSe buffer layer 4, an n-ZnSSe cladding layer 6, and an n-ZnSe light guide layer 9 on an n-GaAs substrate 1, a ZnCdSe quantum well active layer 10 is grown. A p-ZnSe light guide layer 12, a p-ZnSSe cladding layer 14, and a p-ZnSe buffer layer 15 are grown thereon, and then a p-side Au electrode 20 is directly deposited, and an In electrode 22 is deposited on the n-side. . Reference numeral 18 denotes a polyimide layer.
[0006]
In the second example, p-type ZnTe is used as a contact layer, and a superlattice layer of p-ZnTe and p-ZnSe is formed under the contact layer. At this time, a pseudo gradient band gap layer is formed by gradually changing the thickness ratio of p-ZnTe, and Au / Pt / Pd or Au / Pt / Ni is evaporated to form an electrode. is there.
[0007]
As in the second example, the third example uses p-type ZnTe as a contact layer, and when the superlattice layer of p-ZnTe and p-ZnSe is formed thereunder, the thickness of p-ZnSe is kept constant, The barrier of ZnSe and ZnTe is reduced by increasing the film thickness of p-ZnTe and continuing the quantum levels in the quantum well of p-ZnTe, and depositing Au / Pt / Pd or Au / Pt / Ni. This is a method for obtaining a good ohmic contact as an electrode.
[0008]
In the second and third examples, p-ZnTe is used as the contact layer because p-ZnTe has a shallow valence band, can easily make ohmic contact with the metal, and reduce the voltage drop at the contact portion. Because it can. FIG. 3 shows the element structure described in the second and third examples.
[0009]
That is, after growing an n-GaAs buffer layer 3, an n-ZnSe buffer layer 4, an n-ZnMgSSe cladding layer 7, and an n-ZnSSe light guide layer 8 on an n-GaAs substrate 1, a ZnCdSe quantum well active layer 10 is grown. A p-ZnSSe light guide layer 11, a p-ZnMgSSe cladding layer 13, a p-ZnSSe buffer layer 14, and a p-ZnSe buffer layer 15 are grown thereon, and a p-ZnSe / p-ZnTe superlattice layer 16, p After the growth of the ZnTe contact layer 17, a Pd / Pt / Au electrode 21 was deposited on the p side, and an In electrode 22 was deposited on the n side. Reference numeral 19 denotes a SiO 2 insulator.
[0010]
However, such conventional techniques have the following drawbacks.
In the method of directly depositing Au on p-type ZnSe as in the first example to form an electrode, the end of the valence band of p-ZnSe and the work function of Au are as large as 1 (eV), so the Schottky barrier is As a result, the resistance value increases, and the laser oscillation threshold current increases to about 500 A / cm 2 . Further, the operating voltage is as high as 15V to 20V, and the lifetime is short, being several seconds.
[0011]
As shown in the second and third examples, the ZnSe / ZnTe superlattice layer pseudo-gradient band gap layer is capped with p-type ZnTe to form a contact material, and Pd or Ni is vapor-deposited thereon, which is inert. When heat treatment is performed in an atmosphere, the contact resistance is minimized at around 250 ° C. The threshold current density at this time is 30 A / cm 2 , the operating voltage is 2.63 V, and the resistance value is 10 −5 to 10 −6 Ωcm −2 as measured by the TLM method (Transmission Line Model). (Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 64, No. 9, 1120 (1994), Electronics Letters 4th. March 503 (1993) Vol. 29 No. 5, or JP-A-310811, JP-A-6-310815) .
[0012]
However, when the life test is performed with the laser oscillated at a high output, there is a problem that the contact portion generates heat and does not emit light in several hundred hours.
[0013]
For this reason, a laser using a ZnSe-based compound semiconductor has not been put into practical use.
[0014]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
A ZnSe-based compound semiconductor is thermally unstable because it is composed of an element having a relatively high vapor pressure, and it is desirable that the temperature be 400 ° C. or lower when heat treatment is performed in the manufacturing process. Further, in the prior art, when forming a p-type electrode of a ZnSe-based compound semiconductor, the contact resistance of the electrode portion is minimized by performing heat treatment at 260 ° C. in an inert atmosphere, and relatively good laser oscillation characteristics can be obtained. However, it has the disadvantages described above.
[0015]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a ZnSe-based semiconductor laser in which a good ohmic contact can be obtained with a low contact resistance at an electrode portion of a light-emitting device having a ZnSe-based compound semiconductor as an active layer, heat generation can be reduced, and the device can have a long lifetime. And providing a manufacturing method thereof.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the inventors have found that the cause of the decrease and increase in contact resistance due to heat treatment is due to the decrease in effective carrier density due to the generation of vacancies due to the evaporation of Zn. In order to overcome this drawback, heat treatment in a Zn atmosphere, Se atmosphere or molten zinc is performed, and the heat treatment at 400 ° C. or higher is performed without preventing the deterioration of crystallinity and reducing the effective acceptor density. Became possible. The upper limit is set to 600 ° C., but this is because if the heat treatment is performed beyond this, Zn in ZnSe is detached and crystal defects increase, which is not good.
[0017]
By performing this heat treatment, the contact resistance becomes 1/10 or less of the conventional value, and the lifetime of the element can be extended. That a superlattice of p-type ZnSe and p-type ZnTe is formed as a p-type contact layer of ZnSe-based light-emitting element, Pd or Ni and by depositing Zn atmosphere, heat treatment is performed at Se atmosphere or in molten zinc, 10-6 By obtaining a contact resistance value of Ωcm −2 or less, heat generation of the contact layer can be reduced, and the lifetime of the element can be extended, and the present invention can be provided.
[0018]
That is, the present invention is formed on a ZnSe single crystal substrate, and has a superlattice layer having a graded composition of p-ZnSe and p-ZnTe, one surface in contact with the layer, and the other surface in contact with a p-type electrode material containing Au. A ZnSe compound semiconductor laser comprising: a p-type electrode ZnSe compound semiconductor element having a p-type contact layer comprising a p-type contact layer, wherein the heat treatment in the manufacturing process of the ZnSe compound semiconductor element is performed at 400 ° C. to 600 ° C. in molten zinc . A manufacturing method is provided.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, the electrode formation of the ZnSe light-emitting element can prevent the formation of Zn vacancies by performing heat treatment in a Zn atmosphere, Se atmosphere or molten zinc. The carrier density can be prevented from being reduced. The obtained ZnSe-based compound semiconductor laser has a contact layer with a resistance value reduced to 1/10, a drive voltage of 3 V or less, a drive current of 50 mA or less, and characteristics similar to those of a conventional red laser. Yes. Thus, the reliability of the light-emitting element can be increased by reducing the heat generation of the electrode portion that causes the element deterioration.
[0020]
[Example 1]
FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional view of the element used in Example 1, which will be described with reference to FIG.
[0021]
The substrate was used after polishing about 100 μm of n-type ZnSe grown on a (100) oriented insulating ZnSe substrate by a liquid phase epitaxial method. At this time, the electrical characteristics of the epitaxial layer at room temperature were a carrier density of 5 × 10 18 cm −3 and a mobility of 280 cm 2 / V.
[0022]
A single quantum well laser having ZnCdSe as an active layer was fabricated on the n-ZnSe substrate 2 by molecular beam epitaxy. The details will be described below. The substrate was baked at about 100 ° C. for 3 hours and then introduced into a growth chamber evacuated to 10 −10 Torr. Removal of the oxide film on the substrate is performed by irradiating with hydrogen plasma (RF power: 350 W, hydrogen flow rate: 0.1 sccm) while raising the temperature from 200 ° C. to 420 ° C., and the reflected electron diffraction pattern becomes a streak (a state where the light becomes linearly bright) I went until.
[0023]
After removing the oxide film, the temperature is lowered to 280 ° C., Zn is irradiated for about 2 minutes to grow n-type ZnSe4 as a buffer layer by about 0.1 μm, and then an n-type cladding layer (n-type Mg 0.1 Zn 0.9 S 0.15 Se 0.85 ) 7 Was grown to 0.8 μm, and an n-type light guide layer (n-ZnSe) 9 was grown to 0.1 μm. As the active layer, Zn 0.9 Cd 0.1 Se10 was grown to 6 nm. Then, a p-type light guide layer (p-ZnSe) 12 was grown by 0.1 μm, and a p-type cladding layer (p-type Mg 0.1 Zn 0.9 S 0.15 Se 0.85 ) 13 was grown by 0.6 μm. A p-type ZnSe 15 of 0.1 μm is grown as a buffer layer, a superlattice layer (gradient composition layer) 16 of p-ZnSe and p-ZnTe is grown as a contact layer by 52 nm, and capped with 50 nm of p-ZnTe 17 to grow. Completed.
[0024]
The insulating layer was removed from the substrate taken out from the growth chamber by polishing and etching to expose the n-type low resistance layer. Next, stripes having a pitch of 700 μm and a width of 10 μm were formed by resist on the p-type contact portion. Using this as a mask, a SiO 2 film of 0.1 μm was deposited by sputtering. Thereafter, the resist was lifted off using ultrasonic waves to form 10 μm stripe windows on the substrate surface.
[0025]
Pd / Pt / Au was deposited to a thickness of 0.1 μm as the p-type electrode material 21 by the electron beam evaporation method. Ti / Pt / Au was deposited as an n-type electrode material 23 by 0.1 μm.
[0026]
As shown in FIG. 4, the heat treatment after the vapor deposition was performed in a quartz heat treatment container (ampoule) 24 which was divided into two chambers on the upper and lower sides and connected to each other through a small vent 25 to allow ventilation. That is, a zinc particle 26 having a purity of 7N (99.99999%) was placed in the lower part of this container, and a laser substrate 27 was set in the upper part and vacuum sealed. This was heat-treated at 450 ° C. for 3 minutes in a gold image furnace. The temperature rising rate at this time was 100 ° C./second. The vapor pressure of zinc at 450 ° C. obtained by calculation is 0.0005 atm. The substrate 27 after the heat treatment was processed into a chip (element) by cleavage to form a laser light emitting element.
[0027]
Table 1 shows the characteristics of the element at this time.
[0028]
The contact resistance value of the p-type electrode calculated by the TLM (Transmission line medel) method is also shown. The contact resistance is measured by the TLM method. A gradient composition layer of p-ZnSe and p-ZnTe is grown on an n-type ZnSe epitaxial layer (carrier density 5 × 10 18 cm −3 ) by 52 nm, and p-ZnTe (carrier) is measured. Measurement was performed with a dummy element capped at a density of 10 19 cm −3 and 50 nm (for details of the measurement method, see Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 64, No. 9, 1120 (1994) or JP-A-6-127503. See).
[0029]
[Example 2]
The substrate on which the electrode attachment was completed as in Example 1 was sealed in a vacuum together with Se grains having a purity of 7N (99.99999%) using a quartz heat treatment vessel 24 (FIG. 4), followed by heat treatment at 450 ° C. for 3 minutes. went. The temperature rising rate at this time was 100 ° C./second. Note that the vapor pressure of Se at 450 ° C. obtained by calculation is 0.02 atm.
[0030]
The substrate after the heat treatment was processed into a chip (element) by cleavage to obtain a laser light emitting element. Table 1 shows the element characteristics at this time. Further, the contact resistance value of the p-electrode calculated by the TLM method is also shown.
[0031]
As a result, it was confirmed that the same effect as in Example 1 was obtained even in the Se atmosphere.
[0032]
[Example 3]
The substrate on which the electrode attachment was completed as in Example 1 was heat-treated in molten zinc. A zinc particle 26 having a purity of 7N (99.99999%) and a laser substrate 27 were placed in a lower portion of the quartz ampule 24 shown in FIG. Next, heat treatment was performed for 3 minutes at 450 ° C. in a vertical gold image furnace with the substrate and zinc container side facing down. The temperature rising rate at this time was 100 ° C./second. After the heat treatment, the container was inverted to separate the molten zinc 28 and the substrate 27 and then rapidly cooled.
[0033]
The substrate after the heat treatment was processed into a chip (element) by cleavage to obtain a laser light emitting element. Table 1 shows the element characteristics at this time.
[0034]
As a result, it was confirmed that the same effect as the heat treatment in the Zn or Se atmosphere can be obtained in the heat treatment in the molten zinc.
[0035]
[Comparative example]
The dummy element obtained in Example 1 was heat-treated at 450 ° C. in a nitrogen atmosphere, and the contact resistance value of the p-electrode was measured by the TLM method. As a result, it was 10 −2 Ωcm 2. As a result, a remarkable difference was confirmed.
[0036]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004040135
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
In the present invention, heat treatment in the manufacturing process of a ZnSe-based compound semiconductor is performed in a Zn atmosphere, a Se atmosphere, or molten zinc, thereby preventing a decrease in effective carrier density and obtaining good ohmic contact under the p-type electrode portion. . Thereby, a light emitting element such as a laser can be manufactured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a ZnCdSe single quantum well laser fabricated on a ZnSe substrate in one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a ZnCdSe single quantum well laser developed by 3M of the United States of the prior art.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a ZnCdSe single quantum well laser using p-ZnTe as a contact layer and using a ZnSe / ZnTe resonant tunnel.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a quartz heat treatment vessel used for heat treatment of a substrate that has been vapor-deposited and electrode-attached in Examples and Comparative Examples of the present invention, and FIG. In the case of intermediate heat treatment, (b) and (c) are cases of heat treatment in molten zinc, (b) shows a state before the heat treatment, and (c) shows a state where the substrate and the molten zinc are separated after the heat treatment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 n-GaAs substrate 2 n-ZnSe substrate 3 n-GaAs buffer layer 4 n-ZnSe buffer layer 5 n-ZnSSe buffer layer 6 n-ZnSSe cladding layer 7 n-ZnMgSSe cladding layer 8 n-ZnSSe light guide layer 9 n- ZnSe light guide layer 10 ZnCdSe quantum well active layer 11 p-ZnSSe light guide layer 12 p-ZnSe light guide layer 13 p-ZnMgSSe cladding layer 14 p-ZnSSSe layer 15 p-ZnSe buffer layer 16 p-ZnSe / p-ZnTe super Lattice layer 17 p-ZnTe contact layer 18 Polyimide 19 SiO 2 insulator 20 Au electrode 21 Pd / Pt / Au electrode 22 In electrode 23 Ti / Pt / Au electrode 24 Quartz heat treatment container 25 Vent hole 26 Zinc grain 27 Laser substrate 28 Molten zinc

Claims (1)

ZnSe単結晶基板上に作製され、p−ZnSe、p−ZnTeの傾斜組成の超格子層と一面が該層に接し他面がAuを含むp型電極材に接するp−ZnTe層とからなるp型コンタクト層を有するp型電極のZnSe系化合物半導体素子の製造工程における熱処理を、溶融亜鉛中で400℃以上600℃以下にて行うことを特徴とするZnSe系化合物半導体レーザの製造方法。A p-ZnTe layer formed on a ZnSe single crystal substrate and comprising a superlattice layer having a graded composition of p-ZnSe and p-ZnTe and a p-ZnTe layer in contact with the p-type electrode material including one surface in contact with the layer and the other surface. A method of manufacturing a ZnSe-based compound semiconductor laser, characterized in that a heat treatment in a manufacturing process of a p-type electrode ZnSe-based compound semiconductor element having a p-type contact layer is performed at 400 ° C. or higher and 600 ° C. or lower in molten zinc .
JP8893097A 1997-03-24 1997-03-24 Manufacturing method of ZnSe-based compound semiconductor laser Expired - Fee Related JP4040135B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8893097A JP4040135B2 (en) 1997-03-24 1997-03-24 Manufacturing method of ZnSe-based compound semiconductor laser

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP8893097A JP4040135B2 (en) 1997-03-24 1997-03-24 Manufacturing method of ZnSe-based compound semiconductor laser

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH10270806A JPH10270806A (en) 1998-10-09
JP4040135B2 true JP4040135B2 (en) 2008-01-30

Family

ID=13956628

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP8893097A Expired - Fee Related JP4040135B2 (en) 1997-03-24 1997-03-24 Manufacturing method of ZnSe-based compound semiconductor laser

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4040135B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5236847B2 (en) * 2001-08-10 2013-07-17 克巳 岸野 II-VI group compound semiconductor crystal and photoelectric conversion functional device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH10270806A (en) 1998-10-09

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR100648759B1 (en) Semiconductor light emitting device and manufacturing method
US6139760A (en) Short-wavelength optoelectronic device including field emission device and its fabricating method
JP3293996B2 (en) Semiconductor device
US20010038103A1 (en) Light emitting semiconductor device and method for fabricating same
US7888669B2 (en) Nitride/zinc oxide based light-emitting diodes
JP3365607B2 (en) GaN-based compound semiconductor device and method of manufacturing the same
US6531408B2 (en) Method for growing ZnO based oxide semiconductor layer and method for manufacturing semiconductor light emitting device using the same
JPH09312416A (en) Group III nitride compound semiconductor light emitting device
JP3595097B2 (en) Semiconductor device
JP2000315818A (en) Manufacture of semiconductor device
JP2003204079A (en) Nitride semiconductor device using substrate containing activator and growth method
JP2000058911A (en) Semiconductor light emitting device
JPH07240561A (en) II-VI group semiconductor laser and manufacturing method thereof
US7728347B2 (en) ZnO layer and semiconductor light emitting device
JP2000196192A (en) Fine particle structure, light emitting element, and method of manufacturing fine particle structure
JP4040135B2 (en) Manufacturing method of ZnSe-based compound semiconductor laser
JP3637662B2 (en) Group 3 nitride semiconductor light emitting device
JPH09266355A (en) Semiconductor light emitting device
JPH05190900A (en) Method for manufacturing semiconductor light emitting device
JP2005294415A (en) Hole injection electrode and semiconductor device
JP3693436B2 (en) Light emitting device grown on ZnSe substrate
JP2967122B2 (en) ZnSe semiconductor light emitting device
JPH1027923A (en) Group-iii nitride semiconductor light emitting element
JP3481305B2 (en) Group III nitride semiconductor light emitting device
JP3592300B2 (en) Gallium nitride based compound semiconductor light emitting device

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20040225

RD02 Notification of acceptance of power of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7422

Effective date: 20040206

RD04 Notification of resignation of power of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7424

Effective date: 20040318

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20061106

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20061114

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20070112

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20070327

A521 Written amendment

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20070523

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20071030

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20071107

FPAY Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101116

Year of fee payment: 3

R150 Certificate of patent (=grant) or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (prs date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111116

Year of fee payment: 4

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees