JP4040437B2

JP4040437B2 - Vibration damping device using viscoelastic material

Info

Publication number: JP4040437B2
Application number: JP2002335123A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 田二郎石; 公宇潘; 藤要加
Original assignee: Tokkyokiki Corp
Current assignee: Tokkyokiki Corp
Priority date: 2002-11-19
Filing date: 2002-11-19
Publication date: 2008-01-30
Anticipated expiration: 2022-11-19
Also published as: JP2004169363A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は粘弾性体を用いた振動減衰装置に係り、特に変位増幅機構を備えた粘弾性体による振動減衰装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
地震時等における建屋の振動を減衰させる振動減衰装置は従来から種々提供されているが、なかでも設置スペースを要することなく振動を減衰する手段として粘弾性体を利用した振動減衰装置が提案されている（特許文献１参照）。
【０００３】
この特許文献１に記載の装置は、建造物の柱と梁とが交差する仕口部において、柱と梁とに板状体を止具により固着し、これら板状体が重なり合うようにしてその間に粘弾性体を介在させるとともにこれら交差する板状体の中央部を粘弾性体と共にボルトで締結した構造となっている。
【０００４】
【特許文献１】
特開２００１−２９５５０６号公報
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかるに上記特許文献１に記載の構造では、建造物の柱と梁とにそれぞれ固着された板状体がその重なり部の中央でボルト止めされているので、建造物の振動時における仕口部の変形を許容する範囲が小さく、大きな減衰を得ることができないという問題がある。
【０００６】
本発明は、建造物の振動時に仕口部の変形が小さくとも、その変位を増幅して振動を効果的に減衰し得るようにした粘弾性体による振動減衰装置を提供することを課題としてなされたものである。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決する手段として、請求項１記載の発明は、板状体間に介装する粘弾性体により両板状体間における振動による変位を減衰する振動減衰装置であって、建造物の一側の躯体に支持される第１の板状体と、この第１の板状体に一端部が軸により揺動可能に枢支された第２の板状体と、これら板状体間に介装される粘弾性体とを具有し、前記第２の板状体の前記枢軸に近い位置と建造物の他側の躯体とを振動伝達部材により連結し、前記第２の板状体への振動伝達部材の連結点から前記枢軸までの距離に対し該枢軸から第２の板状体の自由端までの距離を大とした変位増幅機構を備えていることを特徴とする。
【０００８】
こうしたことにより、建造物の振動は第１、第２の板状体に伝わるが、第２の板状体は振動伝達部材を介して振動が伝達され、これにより第２の板状体は第１の板状体に軸支される枢軸を支点として旋回動し、第２の板状体の自由端は大きく旋回することになって粘弾性体に対する抵抗が増し、粘弾性体による振動吸収作用が増幅されて効果的に振動の減衰が図られる。
【０００９】
請求項２は、請求項１における第１の板状体を建造物の一側の躯体（例えば柱材）に固定とし、第２の板状体を可動としたものであり、請求項３は、第１の板状体を一側の躯体に軸着して可動とし、双方の板状体を相反する方向に旋回させるようにして板状体の旋回速度を２倍とし、より一層減衰力を得るようにしたものである。
【００１０】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を図面に示す実施の形態を参照して説明する。
【００１１】
図１は本発明による振動減衰装置１の基本的な使用例として建造物２に設置する場所を示す略示説明図で、建造物２の各階層の柱材３と梁材４との仕口部５に上記振動減衰装置１が設けられる。
【００１２】
図２は本発明の上記の基本的実施形態を示すもので、建造物２の柱材３にボルト６，６（または溶接等）により固着される第１の板状体７Ａと、この板状体７Ａに一隅部が軸８により枢支された第２の板状体７Ｂと、れら板状体７Ａ，７Ｂの間に介装される粘弾性体９（点線による斜線部分）とを有している。
【００１３】
そして前記第２の板状体７Ｂの前記枢軸８に近い位置と、建造物２の梁材４とにピン１０ａ，１０ｂで枢支されたレバー状の振動伝達部材１０により連結され、梁材４に加わる振動が振動伝達部材１０を通じて第２の板状体７Ｂに伝達され、第２の板状体７Ｂが前記枢軸８を支点として垂直面内で旋回動するように構成されている。
【００１４】
上記の構成により、図３に示すように前記第２の板状体７Ｂへの振動伝達部材１０の連結点であるピン１０ｂと前記枢軸８との間の距離Ｌ_１に対し、該枢軸８から第２の板状体７Ｂの他隅の自由端７ｂまでの距離Ｌ_２が大とされ、これにより変位増幅機構１１を構成している。
【００１５】
図２（Ｂ）の変位状態を図３（Ａ）に模式的に示すように、梁材４が柱材３に対して角度θだけ変位すると、その変位は振動伝達部材１０を通じて第２の板状体７Ｂに伝達され、この板状体７Ｂは枢軸８を支点として旋回動し、この板状体７Ｂの自由端７ｂは距離Ｒに増幅されて移動する。この変位量θがさらに増大すると、図３（Ｂ）に示すように第２の板状体７Ｂの自由端７ｂの変位量ＲがさらにＲ_１に増幅される間、減衰作用が一層働く。
【００１６】
この第２の板状体７Ｂの旋回動は、第１の板状体７Ａとの間に介在する粘弾性体９に抵抗して行なわれるので、その動きは粘弾性体９により抑制され、梁材４から伝わる振動を減衰することになる。
【００１７】
また柱材３側からの振動に対しては、第１の板状体７Ａが第２の板状体７Ｂに対し相対的に旋回動することになるので、やはり粘弾性体９を介することになり、同様にして振動の減衰が図られる。
【００１８】
図４は、建造物２の一側の躯体が床１２であり、他側の躯体が台板１３である場合の適用例を示すもので、第１の板状体７Ａを床１２上に固定立設し、この板状体７Ａに第２の板状体７Ｂの一端部を軸８により枢支して、これら板状体７Ａ，７Ｂ間に粘弾性体９が介装される。
【００１９】
そして前記第２の板状体７Ｂの一端部から外方に延びる延長部７ｃと前記台板１３の下面とにピン１０ａ，１０ｂで枢支された振動伝達部材１０により連結され、台板１３の上下振動時に振動伝達部材１０を通じて第２の板状体７Ｂに振動が伝達され、第２の板状体７Ｂが枢軸８を支点として旋回動するとき粘弾性体９の抵抗を受けて台板１３の振動が減衰される。なお図４において１４，１４は台板１３を弾性的に支持するばねを象徴的に示している。
【００２０】
この使用例においても、第２の板状体７Ｂの枢軸８と振動伝達部材１０の連結点であるピン１０ｂとの間の距離Ｌ_１に対し、枢軸８から第２の板状体７Ｂの自由端７ｂまでの距離Ｌ_２が大とされた変位増幅機構１１を構成するので、大きな振動減衰効果を得ることができる。
【００２１】
図５は図４の変形例を示すもので、第１の板状体７Ａが平行して立設される２枚の板状体７Ａ，７Ａとされ、その板状体７Ａ，７Ａの間に第２の板状体７Ｂが挿入されて前記第１の板状体７Ａ，７Ａと第２の板状体７Ｂとの間に粘性体９が介装されている。
【００２２】
この実施形態においても、その作用は図４のものと同様である。したがって図４と共通する部材についてはこれと同一符号を付すに留める。
【００２３】
図６は、第１の板状体７Ａも旋回動可能として建造物２の振動減衰がさらに倍加されるようにしたものである。
【００２４】
すなわち第１の板状体７Ａおよび第２の板状体７Ｂの下部一隅が柱材３の軸受部１５に共通の軸１６により枢支され、この枢軸１６から略等距離の位置に一端が梁材４に共通の軸１０ａにより枢支された振動伝達部材１１，１１の他端が軸１０ｂ，１０ｂにより枢着されており、これら板状体７Ａ，７Ｂ間に粘弾性体９が介装されている。
【００２５】
この実施形態によれば、柱材３および梁材４の振動による変位が第１、第２の板状体７Ａ，７Ｂの旋回動として現われ、相対的に２倍の速度で旋回動することになってさらに大きな減衰機能を発揮させることができる。
【００２６】
図７は上記実施形態を床１２と台板１３との間に設けた場合の変形例で、第１、第２の板状体７Ａ，７Ｂの中央位置を床１２に固設の軸受部１７に共通の軸１８により枢支し、台板１３の下面に固設の軸受部１９に共通の軸１０ａにより枢支された振動伝達部材１１，１１の他端を前記枢軸１８に対し略等距離互いに反対側に離間した位置に軸１０ｂ，１０ｂにより第１、第２の板状体７Ａ，７Ｂに枢支されている。そして第１、第２の板状体７Ａ，７Ｂの間に粘弾性体９が介装されている。
【００２７】
この実施形態においても、振動による変位が第１、第２の板状体７Ａ，７Ｂに図７（Ｃ）に示すように反対方向に作用し、相対的に２倍の速度で変位することにより振動減衰効果が倍増される。
【００２８】
なお図４と共通する部材にはこれと同一符号を付すに留める。
【００２９】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、振動による建造物の変位を変位増幅機構により第１の板状体（または第１、第２の板状体）に伝え、変位を拡大して粘弾性体に作用させるようにしたので、建築物や構造物の仕口部に取り付ければ仕口部の小さい変形の構造物に対しても大きな減衰効果を得ることができ、例えば道路や鉄道線路に隣接した構造物の上階振動の増幅を極力小さく抑えることができる。
【００３０】
また鉄骨建造物は木造建物の仕口部より変形が小さいとされるが、木造以外の仕口部の変形が小さい構造物の振動に対しても、本発明による振動減衰装置を用いることにより小さい振動から大きい振動まで広範囲の振動に対する減衰装置として使用することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明による振動減衰装置の建造物への適用箇所を例示する略示説明図。
【図２】本発明の基本的実施形態を示し、（Ａ）は静止時、（Ｂ）は振動時の正面図。
【図３】（Ａ），（Ｂ）は図２の実施形態の作用を模式化して示す説明図。
【図４】本発明による振動減衰装置を建屋の床と台板との間に適用した場合を示し、（Ａ）は正面図、（Ｂ）は側面図。
【図５】図４の変形例を示し、（Ａ）は正面図、（Ｂ）は側面図。
【図６】本発明による振動減衰装置の他の実施形態を示し、（Ａ）は静止時、（Ｂ）は振動時の正面図。
【図７】図６の振動減衰装置を建造物の床と台板との間に適用した場合を示し、（Ａ）は静止時の正面図、（Ｂ）は側面図、（Ｃ）は振動時の正面図。
【符号の説明】
１本発明による振動減衰装置
２建造物
３柱材
４梁材
５仕口部
７Ａ第１の板状体
７Ｂ第２の板状体
９粘弾性体
１０振動伝達部材
１１変位増幅機構
１２床
１３台板[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vibration damping device using a viscoelastic body, and more particularly to a vibration damping device using a viscoelastic body provided with a displacement amplification mechanism.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various types of vibration attenuating devices for attenuating building vibrations during earthquakes have been provided, but among them, vibration attenuating devices using viscoelastic materials have been proposed as means for attenuating vibration without requiring installation space. (See Patent Document 1).
[0003]
In the device described in Patent Document 1, a plate-like body is fixed to a pillar and a beam with a fastener at a joint portion where a column and a beam of a building intersect, and the plate-like bodies are overlapped with each other. In this structure, a viscoelastic body is interposed, and the center of these intersecting plate-like bodies is fastened together with the viscoelastic body with a bolt.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-295506
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the structure described in Patent Document 1, since the plate-like bodies respectively fixed to the pillars and beams of the building are bolted at the center of the overlapping portion, the joint portion at the time of vibration of the building is used. There is a problem that the range in which the deformation is allowed is small and a large attenuation cannot be obtained.
[0006]
An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration damping device using a viscoelastic body that can amplify the displacement and effectively attenuate the vibration even if the deformation of the joint portion is small during vibration of the building. It is a thing.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As means for solving the above-mentioned problem, the invention according to claim 1 is a vibration damping device for attenuating displacement caused by vibration between both plate-like bodies by a viscoelastic body interposed between the plate-like bodies. A first plate supported by a housing on one side, a second plate whose one end is pivotally supported by an axis on the first plate, and between the plates A viscoelastic body interposed between the position of the second plate-like body close to the pivot axis and a housing on the other side of the building by a vibration transmitting member, and the second plate-like body A displacement amplifying mechanism is provided in which the distance from the pivot to the free end of the second plate-like body is larger than the distance from the connection point of the vibration transmission member to the pivot.
[0008]
As a result, the vibration of the building is transmitted to the first and second plate-like bodies, but the second plate-like body is transmitted with vibrations through the vibration transmitting member, whereby the second plate-like body is It pivots about the pivot that is pivotally supported by the first plate-like body, and the free end of the second plate-like body pivots greatly, increasing the resistance to the viscoelastic body, and the vibration absorbing action by the viscoelastic body Is amplified to effectively attenuate the vibration.
[0009]
Claim 2 fixes the 1st plate-shaped body in Claim 1 to the housing (for example, pillar material) of the one side of a building, and makes 2nd plate-shaped body movable, Claim 3 The first plate-like body is pivotally mounted on one side of the housing so as to be movable, and both the plate-like bodies are turned in opposite directions so that the turning speed of the plate-like body is doubled, and the damping force is further increased. It is something to get.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.
[0011]
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view showing a place where a vibration damping device 1 according to the present invention is installed in a building 2 as a basic example of use. The vibration damping device 1 is provided in the part 5.
[0012]
FIG. 2 shows the above basic embodiment of the present invention. The first plate-like body 7A fixed to the pillar 3 of the building 2 by bolts 6 and 6 (or welding or the like), and this plate-like shape. The body 7A has a second plate-like body 7B whose one corner is pivotally supported by a shaft 8, and a viscoelastic body 9 (a hatched portion by dotted lines) interposed between these plate-like bodies 7A and 7B. is doing.
[0013]
And it connects with the position near the said pivot 8 of the said 2nd plate-shaped body 7B, and the beam material 4 of the building 2 by the lever-shaped vibration transmission member 10 pivotally supported by the pins 10a and 10b, and the beam material 4 Is transmitted to the second plate-like body 7B through the vibration transmitting member 10, and the second plate-like body 7B is swiveled in the vertical plane with the pivot 8 as a fulcrum.
[0014]
With the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 3, a distance L ₁ between the pin 10 b, which is a connection point of the vibration transmitting member 10 to the second plate 7 </ b> B, and the pivot 8 is separated from the pivot 8. distance L ₂ to the other corner of the free end 7b of the second plate-like body 7B is large, thereby constituting the displacement amplification mechanism 11.
[0015]
As schematically shown in FIG. 3A, the displacement state of FIG. 2B is when the beam 4 is displaced by an angle θ with respect to the column 3, the displacement is transmitted through the vibration transmitting member 10 to the second plate. The plate-like body 7B pivots about the pivot 8 and the free end 7b of the plate-like body 7B is amplified to a distance R and moves. When the amount of displacement θ further increases, while the amount of displacement R of the free end 7b of the second plate-like body 7B is further amplified to R ₁ as shown in FIG. 3 (B), the damping effect acts more.
[0016]
The turning movement of the second plate-like body 7B is performed by resisting the viscoelastic body 9 interposed between the second plate-like body 7A and the movement is suppressed by the viscoelastic body 9, and the beam The vibration transmitted from the material 4 is attenuated.
[0017]
Further, with respect to vibration from the column member 3 side, the first plate 7A pivots relative to the second plate 7B, so that the viscoelastic body 9 is also used. Thus, the vibration is attenuated in the same manner.
[0018]
FIG. 4 shows an application example where the housing on one side of the building 2 is the floor 12 and the housing on the other side is the base plate 13. The first plate 7 </ b> A is fixed on the floor 12. The viscoelastic body 9 is interposed between the plate-like bodies 7A and 7B, with one end of the second plate-like body 7B pivotally supported by the shaft 8 on the plate-like body 7A.
[0019]
The extension plate 7c extending outward from one end of the second plate-like body 7B and the lower surface of the base plate 13 are connected by a vibration transmitting member 10 pivotally supported by pins 10a and 10b. The vibration is transmitted to the second plate-like body 7B through the vibration transmitting member 10 during the vertical vibration, and the base plate 13 receives the resistance of the viscoelastic body 9 when the second plate-like body 7B pivots about the pivot 8 as a fulcrum. Vibration is attenuated. In FIG. 4, 14 and 14 symbolize springs that elastically support the base plate 13.
[0020]
Also in this scenario, to the distance L ₁ between the pin 10b is a connecting point of the pivot 8 and the vibration transmission member 10 of the second plate-like body 7B, free from the pivot 8 of the second plate-like body 7B since the distance L ₂ to the end 7b constitute a displacement amplification mechanism 11, which is large, it is possible to obtain a large vibration damping effect.
[0021]
FIG. 5 shows a modification of FIG. 4, in which the first plate-like body 7A is made up of two plate-like bodies 7A, 7A that are erected in parallel, and between the plate-like bodies 7A, 7A. A second plate-like body 7B is inserted, and a viscous body 9 is interposed between the first plate-like bodies 7A, 7A and the second plate-like body 7B.
[0022]
Also in this embodiment, the operation is the same as that of FIG. Therefore, members that are the same as those in FIG. 4 are given the same reference numerals.
[0023]
FIG. 6 shows that the vibration attenuation of the building 2 is further doubled so that the first plate-like body 7A can also turn.
[0024]
That is, the lower corners of the first plate member 7A and the second plate member 7B are pivotally supported by the shaft 16 common to the bearing portion 15 of the column member 3, and one end of the first plate member 7A and the second plate member 7B are positioned at substantially equal distances from the pivot shaft 16. The other ends of the vibration transmitting members 11 and 11 pivotally supported by a shaft 10a common to the material 4 are pivotally attached by shafts 10b and 10b, and a viscoelastic body 9 is interposed between the plate-like bodies 7A and 7B. ing.
[0025]
According to this embodiment, the displacement due to the vibration of the column member 3 and the beam member 4 appears as the turning motion of the first and second plate-like bodies 7A and 7B, and the turning motion is relatively doubled. Thus, a greater attenuation function can be exhibited.
[0026]
FIG. 7 shows a modified example in which the above embodiment is provided between the floor 12 and the base plate 13, and the bearings 17 are fixed to the floor 12 at the center positions of the first and second plate-like bodies 7 </ b> A and 7 </ b> B. The other ends of the vibration transmitting members 11 and 11 pivotally supported by a common shaft 18 and pivotally supported by a common shaft 10 a on a bearing portion 19 fixed to the lower surface of the base plate 13 are substantially equidistant from the pivot 18. The shafts 10b and 10b are pivotally supported by the first and second plate-like bodies 7A and 7B at positions separated from each other. A viscoelastic body 9 is interposed between the first and second plate-like bodies 7A and 7B.
[0027]
Also in this embodiment, the displacement due to vibration acts on the first and second plate-like bodies 7A and 7B in the opposite directions as shown in FIG. 7C, and is displaced at a relatively double speed. The vibration damping effect is doubled.
[0028]
In addition, the same code | symbol is only attached | subjected to the member which is common in FIG.
[0029]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the displacement of the building due to the vibration is transmitted to the first plate (or the first and second plates) by the displacement amplification mechanism, and the displacement is enlarged to increase the viscoelasticity. Since it is made to act on the body, if it is attached to the joint part of a building or structure, a large damping effect can be obtained even for a structure with a small deformation of the joint part, for example, adjacent to a road or a railroad track Amplification of the upper floor vibration of the structure can be minimized.
[0030]
Steel structures are said to be smaller in deformation than the joints of wooden buildings, but it is smaller than the vibration damping device according to the present invention for vibration of structures in which the deformation of joints other than wooden is small. It can be used as a damping device for a wide range of vibrations from vibrations to large vibrations.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic explanatory view illustrating a place where a vibration damping device according to the present invention is applied to a building.
2A and 2B show a basic embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 2A is a stationary view, and FIG. 2B is a front view during vibration.
3A and 3B are explanatory diagrams schematically showing the operation of the embodiment of FIG.
4A and 4B show a case where the vibration damping device according to the present invention is applied between a building floor and a base plate, where FIG. 4A is a front view, and FIG.
5A and 5B show a modified example of FIG. 4, in which FIG. 5A is a front view, and FIG. 5B is a side view.
6A and 6B show another embodiment of the vibration damping device according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 6A is a stationary view, and FIG. 6B is a front view during vibration.
7 shows a case where the vibration damping device of FIG. 6 is applied between a floor of a building and a base plate, (A) is a front view when stationary, (B) is a side view, and (C) is vibration. Front view at the time.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vibration damping device 2 by this invention Building 3 Column material 4 Beam material 5 Joint part 7A 1st plate-shaped body 7B 2nd plate-shaped body 9 Viscoelastic body 10 Vibration transmission member 11 Displacement amplification mechanism 12 Floor 13 units Board

Claims

A vibration damping device for attenuating displacement due to vibration between both plate-like bodies by a viscoelastic body interposed between the plate-like bodies, the first plate-like body supported by a housing on one side of a building, and possession and second plate-like body having one end portion to the first plate-like member is pivotally supported swingably by the pivot, and a viscoelastic material interposed between the plate-like body, the second A position close to the pivot of the plate-shaped body and the other side of the building are connected by a vibration transmitting member so as to be swingable between the position close to the pivot and the other side of the building. And a displacement amplifying mechanism in which the distance from the pivot to the free end of the second plate is larger than the distance from the connection point of the vibration transmitting member to the second plate to the pivot. A vibration damping device using a viscoelastic body.

A vibration damping device for attenuating displacement due to vibration between the two plate-like bodies by a viscoelastic body interposed between the plate-like bodies, the first plate-like body fixed to the housing on one side of the building, and possession and second plate-like body having one end portion to the first plate-like member is pivotally supported swingably by the pivot, and a viscoelastic material interposed between the plate-like body, the second A position close to the pivot of the plate-shaped body and the other side of the building are connected by a vibration transmitting member so as to be swingable between the position close to the pivot and the other side of the building. And a displacement amplifying mechanism in which the distance from the pivot to the free end of the second plate is larger than the distance from the connection point of the vibration transmitting member to the second plate to the pivot. A vibration damping device using a viscoelastic body.

A vibration damping device for attenuating displacement caused by vibration between two plate-like bodies by a viscoelastic body interposed between the plate-like bodies, the first plate-like being pivotally supported by a shaft on one side of a building and possession and body, and a second plate member having one end this first plate member is pivotally supported swingably by the pivot, and a viscoelastic material interposed between the plate-like body, A position of the second plate-like body close to the pivot and a housing on the other side of the building are pivotally supported by a vibration transmitting member so as to be swingable between the position close to the pivot and the housing on the other side of the building. and coupled, the second plate-shaped vibration transmitting member displacement amplification mechanism in which the distance to the free end of the second plate-shaped body and large from該枢axis relative to the distance from the connection point to said axis of to the body A vibration damping device using a viscoelastic body.

The viscoelastic body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein one of the housings is a pillar of a building, and the other is a beam, and the installation position of each plate-like body is a joint of the building. By vibration damping device.

The vibration damping device using a viscoelastic body according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein one of the housings is a floor of a building, and the other is a base plate.