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JP4041436B2 - Strain age hardened steel sheet excellent in non-aging at room temperature and method for producing the same - Google Patents
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JP4041436B2 - Strain age hardened steel sheet excellent in non-aging at room temperature and method for producing the same - Google Patents

Strain age hardened steel sheet excellent in non-aging at room temperature and method for producing the same Download PDF

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JP4041436B2
JP4041436B2 JP2003197239A JP2003197239A JP4041436B2 JP 4041436 B2 JP4041436 B2 JP 4041436B2 JP 2003197239 A JP2003197239 A JP 2003197239A JP 2003197239 A JP2003197239 A JP 2003197239A JP 4041436 B2 JP4041436 B2 JP 4041436B2
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steel sheet
aging
room temperature
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JP2005036248A (en
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直紀 丸山
直樹 吉永
学 高橋
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Nippon Steel Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、自動車あるいは家電製品の内外板パネル部材の使途に好適である常温保持中の品質劣化の少ない歪時効硬化型鋼板およびその製造方法に関するものであり、引張強度で250MPaから500MPa程度の強度の鋼板に適用が可能である。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
車体重量軽減のニーズから自動車用鋼板においては高強度化の要請が高い。ところが、一般的に材料の高強度化は形状凍結性の低下や成形時の割れといったプレス成形性の劣化を伴うことが知られており、加工性を低下させずに高強度化する方法が強く望まれていた。
【0003】
このような要望に対し、成形加工性を確保した上で高強度化を達成する技術として、成形加工時には軟質に保たれ、成形加工後の電着塗装焼付工程でおこる歪時効硬化現象を利用して降伏強度あるいは引張強度を増加させる、いわゆる焼付硬化性(Bake Hardenability:BH) を利用した技術が知られている。この種の鋼板は、成形加工時にはC原子あるいはN原子を固溶させて成形性を確保しておき、電着塗装焼付工程において成形加工時に鋼板内に生じた転位にC原子あるいはN原子を固着させるか、あるいは転位上に炭化物あるいは窒化物を微細分散析出させることによって、降伏強度あるいは引張強度の上昇を図るものである。
【0004】
しかしながら、高いBH量を得るために鋼板の固溶C量あるいは固溶N量を高めると常温時効劣化が生じ、その結果、加工時にストレッチャーストレインと呼ばれる歪み模様が発生するという問題があった。このように歪み時効硬化性と常温非時効特性の確保は二律相反するものと考えられており、実際、常温非時効性を確保した上で得られる最大のBH量は高々30〜40MPa程度であった。
【0005】
これを解決する手段として、特許文献1には焼鈍後の組織をフェライト相と低温変態生成相との複合組織とし高r値、高BH、高延性および常温非時効性を兼ね備えた冷延鋼板が開示されている。しかしながら、この技術には複合組織を得るためには極めて高い温度の焼鈍が必須となり、連続焼鈍時に板破断等のトラブルの原因となるという実操業上の問題点を有する。
【0006】
また特許文献2には、Nbを添加した極低炭素冷延鋼板において焼鈍後の冷却速度を制御することによって粒界中のC濃度を高めて、高BHと常温遅時効性との両立が可能であることが示されている。しかしながら、常温非時効性を確保した上で得られるBH量は50MPa程度であった。
【0007】
また特許文献3には、フェライトの結晶粒界中のN濃度を所定の範囲内に定めて、高BHと常温遅時効性との両立を可能にする技術が示されている。しかしながら、この方法では常温時効時の全伸びの劣化は抑制されるものの、ストレッチャーストレイン発生の原因となる降伏点伸び発生の抑制には配慮が無い。
【0008】
また、特許文献4にはN利用型のBH鋼板にCr、Mo、Vを適正量添加することによって、高いBHと常温非時効を両立させる技術が開示されている。しかしながら、高いCr、Vでかつ熱延の巻取温度が550℃を超えるとCrNあるいはVNが鋼中に析出し、固溶N量が減少する結果、高いBH量が得られなくなるという問題点があった。
【0009】
【特許文献1】
特許第2818319号公報
【特許文献2】
特開平7−300623号公報
【特許文献3】
特開2000−297350号公報
【特許文献4】
特開2002−53933号公報
【0010】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記の如き実状に鑑みてなされたものであって、常温非時効性向上に有効であるCrを含有する鋼板において、製造工程中のCrNの析出を抑制することで、50MPa以上の高いBHを有しかつ常温非時効性に優れた歪み時効硬化型鋼板およびその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。なお本発明において、常温非時効を確保した上で得られるBH量の上限は85MPaである。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは上記の課題を達成するために、常温非時効性発現に効果があるCr添加を前提とした固溶N利用型の鋼板を中心に、低い巻取温度でも高BHを得る方法について検討を重ねた。初めに本発明者らはCrNの析出メカニズムを解明するためにCrNの析出サイトを詳細に観察した。その結果、鋼中に存在するMnSやCuSといった硫化物がCrNの析出サイトであるということを初めて知見した。次いで析出サイトである硫化物の分布密度を変化させた実験を行い、その結果、硫化物密度が小さいほど熱延巻取中や焼鈍工程中でのCrN析出が抑制され、Cr−N複合添加鋼で従来課題となっていた高BH化が達成できることを見出し、本発明に至った。
【0012】
本発明は、前記課題を解決するために次の構成からなる。すなわち、
(1)第1の発明は、常温非時効性に優れた歪時効硬化型鋼板であって、質量%で、
C :0.004%以下、 Si:0.6%以下、
Mn:2.0%以下、 P :0.1%以下、
S :0.0018%以下、 Al:0.01%以下、
Cr:0.3〜2.0%、 N :0.002〜0.010%
を含み、固溶N量が0.002〜0.007%であり、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなり、粒径0.01[μm]以上の硫化物密度が鋼中における単位面積あたり0.2[個/μm2 ]以下であり、さらにフェライトの結晶粒径が5μm以上であることを特徴とする。
【0013】
(2)第2の発明は、前記組成に加えて、下記a群、b群及びe群の1群または2群以上を含有することを特徴とする。
a群:Moを0.005〜1.0%。
b群:Nb、Ti、V、Taのうち1種または2種以上を合計で0.001〜0.04%
群:Ca、Mg、Zr、Ce、REMのうち1種または2種以上を合計で0.001〜0.01%。
【0014】
(3)第3の発明は、前記(1)又は(2)の何れか1項に記載の歪み時効硬化型鋼板であって、電気めっき又は溶融めっきが施されていることを特徴とする。
【0015】
更に、本発明は常温非時効性に優れた歪時効硬化型鋼板の製造方法であって、
(4)第4の発明は、前記(1)または(2)に記載の化学成分からなり、かつスラブ中における粒径0.01[μm]以上硫化物密度が単位面積あたり0.2[個/μm2 ]以下であるスラブを1180℃以下に加熱し、熱間圧延工程を行った後、750℃以下で巻取り、次いで該熱延板を冷間圧延した後、焼鈍を行うことを特徴とする。
【0016】
(5)第5の発明は、前記(1)または(2)に記載の組成からなるスラブを1180℃以上に加熱し、1050〜1000℃間の板厚減少率60%以下、1000〜900℃間での板厚減少率60%以下となる熱間圧延を行い、750℃以下で巻取り、次いで該熱延板を冷間圧延した後、焼鈍を行うことを特徴とする。
【0017】
(6)第6の発明は、前記(4)又は(5)に記載の製造方法において、焼鈍処理後に溶融亜鉛メッキ層を形成することを特徴とする。
(7)第7の発明は、前記(6)に記載の製造方法において、溶融亜鉛めっき層を形成した後、合金化処理を行うことを特徴とする。
(8)第8の発明は、前記(4)〜(7)の何れか1項に記載の方法により製造した鋼板に、伸び率:3%以下の調質圧延またはレベラー加工を施すことを特徴とする。
【0018】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明について詳細に説明する。
まず成分の限定理由について説明する。成分含有量は質量%である。
C:Cは鋼のミクロ組織を制御するための添加元素である。しかし、0.004%を超えると常温非時効の確保が困難になる。このため本発明ではCの範囲を0.004%以下に限定した。下限は特に限定することなく本発明の効果を奏することができるが、製鋼のコスト上0.0001%以上とすることが好ましい。
【0019】
Si:Siは鋼板のミクロ組織および強度の調整に用いられる。しかしながら、0.6%を超えると化成処理性やめっきの密着性が悪くなる。従ってSi含有量を0.6%以下の範囲に制限した。下限は特に限定することなく本発明の効果を奏することができるが、不純物として不可避的に0.001%以上含有する場合が多い。
【0020】
Mn:Mnはミクロ組織および強度の調整に用いられる。Mnの含有量が2.0%を超えると成形加工性の劣化を招く。従って、Mn含有量を2.0%以下の範囲に制限した。下限は特に限定することなく本発明の効果を奏することができるが、不純物として不可避的に0.001%以上の含有する場合が多い。
【0021】
P:Pは熱延組織の微細化能を有し、また強力な固溶強化元素であることから鋼板の強度の調整に用いられる。ただし、添加量が0.1%を超えると、スポット溶接後の疲労強度が劣悪となったり、降伏強度が増加し過ぎてプレス時に面形状不良を引き起こす。さらに、連続溶融亜鉛メッキ時に合金化反応が極めて遅くなり、生産性が低下する。また、2次加工性も劣化する。従ってP含有量の範囲を0.1%以下に制限した。下限は特に限定することなく本発明の効果を奏することができるが、不純物として不可避的に0.001%以上含有する場合が多い。
【0022】
S:Sは本発明における最も重要な元素である。0.0018%を超えると高い密度の硫化物が形成されて、巻取中あるいは焼鈍工程中にCrNが多量に析出してしまう。従って、その範囲を0.0018%以下に限定した。硫化物の形成量を減らすという観点からは0.0009%以下であることがより望ましい。
【0023】
Al:Alは脱酸および固溶N量の調整に用いられる。ただしAlはAlNを形成し、CrNの核生成サイトになる場合もあるので、その上限を0.01%に制限する。AlN生成を極力抑制し、安定した常温非時効−BHバランスを得るという観点からはAl量の範囲は0.005%以下が好ましい。
【0024】
Cr:Crは常温におけるNの拡散を抑制し、常温非時効を得るために添加される。添加量が0.3%未満であるとその効果が小さく、一方、2.0%を超えるとN拡散抑制に対する効果が飽和し、これ以上の添加はコスト高になる。従って、Cr添加量の範囲を0.3〜2.0%に制限した。
【0025】
N:NはBH発現のための必須の添加元素である。0.002%未満であると歪み時効硬化が得られず、また0.010%を超えると常温非時効性の確保が難しくなる。従って、その範囲を0.002〜0.01%の範囲に限定した。
【0026】
固溶N:固溶N量は、BH量と直接的に相関する量である。0.002%未満であると歪み時効硬化が得られず、また0.007%を超えると高いBH量は得られるものの常温非時効性の確保が困難になる。従って、固溶N量の範囲を0.002〜0.007%の範囲に制限した。
【0027】
本発明では、上記した組成に加えて、更にa群〜e群のうちの1群または2群以上を含有しても、本発明の目的を達成することができる。なお、本発明では、実施例の表1の鋼C及び鋼Fに基づいて、更にa群、b群及びe群のうちの1群または2群以上を含有しても良いこととした。
a群:Moを0.005〜1.0%。
MoはCの拡散を抑制することで常温非時効性を改善させる効果があるので、極力添加することが望ましい。しかしながら、0.005%未満であるとその効果が見られず、1.0%を超えると硫化物上で炭窒化物を形成してしまい、BH量の減少を招く。従って、その合計量の範囲を0.005〜1.0%とした。
【0028】
b群:Nb、Ti、V、Taのうち1種または2種以上を合計で0.001〜0.04%。
Nb、Ti、V、Taは炭窒化物形成元素であり、鋼板のミクロ組織、集合組織およびC量、N量を調整するのに用いられるので、1種又は2種以上を合計で0.001%以上含有することが好ましい。しかしながら、合計で0.04%を超えると、炭窒化物の析出量が多くなり、高BHを得ることが困難になり、0.001%以下では添加効果が現れない。従って、その合計量の範囲を0.001〜0.04%とした。
【0029】
c群:Cu、Niは強度の調整のため用いられる。1種又は2種の合計で0.01%未満であると添加効果が得られず、また3.0%を超えるとコスト高になる。従って、その適正添加範囲を0.01〜3.0%に限定した。
【0030】
d群:Bを0.0003〜0.003%。
Bは0.0003%以上含有することにより粒界に偏析し、Pによる2次加工割れを抑制する効果があり、さらに成形加工性を改善させる効果がある。しかし、0.003%を超えるとボロン窒化物を形成して、固溶N量が減少するために高BHが得られなくなる。従って、その範囲を0.0003〜0.003%と限定した。
【0031】
e群:Ca、Mg、Zr、Ce、REMのうち1種または2種以上を合計で0.001〜0.01%。
Ca、Mg、Zr、CeおよびREMは酸素系介在物の形態、分布の制御に用いる元素であり、1種又は2種以上を合計で0.001%以上含有することが好ましい。しかしながら、合計の含有量が0.01%を超えると、成形加工性の悪化の原因となる。そのため、1種又は2種以上の合計量の範囲を0.001〜0.01%とした。なお、本発明において、REMとはLaおよびランタノイド系列の元素を指すものとする。
【0032】
なお、不可避不純物として重要な元素としてOがある。O量は脱酸の方法によりその残留量が大きく変化するが、不可避的に0.0005%以上含有する場合が多い。なお本発明のように低Al成分の場合にはその不可避的残留量は0.015%程度であり、これを不可避不純物としてのO量の上限とする。
【0033】
本発明に係る鋼板は、転位上へのCrNの析出を避けるために、フェライトが主体の組織であることが好ましい。フェライトの平均結晶粒径は、5μm未満であると製造工程中で粒界上へのCrNを引き起こすことがあるので、5μm以上であることが望ましい。好ましくは8μm以上である。
【0034】
鋼中における粒径0.01[μm]以上の硫化物密度は、単位面積あたり0.2[個/μm2 ]を超えるとCrNの析出量が多くなり、その結果高BHを達成することが難しくなるので、その範囲を0.2[個/μm2 ]以下に制限した。0.1[個/μm2 ]以下がより好ましい範囲である。抽出レプリカ法で抽出できる析出物の最小サイズは0.01μmであり、またこれより小さいサイズの析出物はCrNの析出核になりにくいので、硫化物の粒径は0.01[μm]以上のものを測定対象とする。尚、粒径は最大径とする。
【0035】
常温非時効性は人工時効後の降伏点伸びによって評価するのが簡易で好適である。常温非時効であるとは40℃にて10000分の熱処理前後の引張試験による降伏点伸びの変化量が0.6%以下であるものである。
【0036】
次に、製造方法の限定理由について説明する。
熱間圧延に供するスラブは連続鋳造スラブや薄スラブキャスターなどで製造したものであればよい。また、鋳造後に直ちに熱間圧延を行う連続鋳造−直接圧延(CC−DR)のようなプロセスにも適合する。
【0037】
熱延スラブ加熱温度あるいは熱間圧延条件はスラブ中の硫化物分布密度によって条件の選択肢がある。スラブ中の硫化物分布密度が既に0.2[個/μm2 ]以下である場合には、スラブ加熱中に硫化物を再溶解させないようにすれば、その後の熱間圧延中に硫化物が析出することもなく、従って、冷延焼鈍板中の硫化物分布も0.2[個/μm2 ]以下になる。1180℃を超えるスラブ加熱温度だと硫化物の再溶解が起こり、その後の熱間圧延工程で硫化物分布が変化するので、1180℃以下にする必要がある。好ましくは1120℃以下である。
【0038】
一方、スラブ中の硫化物分布密度が0.2[個/μm2 ]を超えている場合、あるいは0.2[個/μm2 ]以下の時でも他の理由によって1180℃以上に加熱する必要がある場合には、熱間圧延条件を限定することで疎な硫化物分布を得ることが可能である。そのためには、まずはじめにスラブを1180℃以上に加熱し、硫化物を再溶解させる。この加熱温度は1200℃以上がより望ましい。
【0039】
次に、1050〜900℃間は硫化物が微細かつ高密度に析出する範囲であるので、この範囲での圧延量は必要最小限にするように熱間圧延を行う。すなわち、1050〜1000℃間の板厚減少率および1000〜900℃間の板厚減少率のどちらかあるいは両方が60%超であると、微細かつ高密度の硫化物が形成されてしまう。従って、それぞれの温度範囲内での板厚減少率を60%以下に制限した。なお、熱延工程中における2つの任意の温度をそれぞれTA 、TB とした時に、TA 〜TB 温度間の板厚減少率とは以下の式で定義される量である。
A 〜TB 温度間の板厚減少率(%)=100×((TA 温度通過時の板厚)−(TA 温度通過時の板厚)/(TB 温度通過時の板厚))
仕上げ圧延温度は特に規定しないが、製品板の加工性を確保する観点から(Ar3変態点−100)℃以上とすることが好ましい。
【0040】
巻取温度は750℃以下にする必要がある。750℃超だと硫化物が存在しなくても結晶粒界上にCrNが析出し、高いBH量を得られなくなる場合がある。下限については特に定める必要はないが、低いほど冷延焼鈍板のr値が低下するので、400℃以上であることが好ましい。
【0041】
巻取後は冷却し、続いて酸洗等の通常公知の処理を行い、冷間圧延を行う。冷間圧延の条件については、圧延パスの回数、圧下率については特に規定する必要はなく常法に従えばよい。ただし、冷間圧延の圧下率が90%超では設備への負荷が過大となり、さらに製品の機械的性質の異方性が大きくなるので、90%以下であることが好ましい。
【0042】
連続焼鈍工程又は連続焼鈍及びめっき工程における加熱速度、加熱温度、冷却速度については常法に従えばよい。ただし、焼鈍後の冷却速度に関してはCrNの析出をできるだけ抑制させるという観点から焼鈍終了〜550℃までの範囲内を5℃/s以上で冷却することが好ましい。
【0043】
溶融亜鉛めっきを施す場合には、焼鈍熱処理後、亜鉛めっきを行い、その後必要に応じてめっき相の合金化処理を行う。亜鉛めっきおよび合金化の条件は特に定めないが、添加したCの粒界への析出を抑止する観点からめっき浴中への浸漬時間および合金化炉中の保持時間はそれぞれ40s以下、より好ましくは20s以下であることが好ましい。
溶融亜鉛めっきを施さない場合は、焼鈍後、室温まで冷却するかあるいは過時効処理として500℃〜100℃までの何れの温度まで冷却しても構わない。
【0044】
調質圧延は、常温非時効性の向上と形状矯正のために行い、圧下率3%以下の範囲で行うのがよい。3%を超えるとBH量が低下する傾向があるので、これを上限とする。
【0045】
焼鈍熱処理後にめっき工程あるいはめっき合金化工程を経ずに作られた本発明の冷延鋼板は、各種めっき用原材として好適である。めっき層の形成は電気めっき法、溶融めっき法のいずれでも良く、めっきの主成分としてはアルミ、亜鉛、クロム、錫、ニッケルが例として挙げられる。
【0046】
なお、硫化物分布密度は、抽出レプリカ法により硫化物を抽出し、これを分析透過電子顕微鏡により測定する方法が好適である。
硫化物種は、Mn、Cu、Crの硫化物、およびこれら元素を複合的に含有した硫化物(例えば、(Mn,Cu)S)のいずれもCrNの析出サイトとなりうるので、これらを全て計測するものとする。
【0047】
固溶N量はJISA5523に記述のN定量方法に準じて、ろ液を分析することにより求める。不溶解残さをろ過するフィルターとしてはAgを使用するのが好適である。
【0048】
【実施例】
次にこの発明を実施例により詳細に説明する。
表1に示す成分の鋼を溶製し、表2に示す条件でスラブを再加熱、熱間圧延、冷却、巻取りを行い、このようにして得られた熱延鋼板を酸洗の後、70〜85%の冷延率で冷間加工を行い、脱脂処理を行ったのち、連続熱処理および連続亜鉛めっき工程を行った。このようにして得られた鋼板について、引張試験、BH試験および組織観察を行った。各試験、観察の条件を以下に示す。
【0049】
引張試験はJIS5号試験片を用い、歪み速度10-3/sの条件で行った。常温保持中の材質変化は、40℃×10,000分の促進時効前後の引張試験結果を比較することにより評価した。BH試験の予変形量は2%、塗装焼付処理に対応する時効条件は170℃×20分で行い、再引張時において上部降伏点で評価したBH量をとった。フェライトの平均結晶粒径はJISG0552の試験方法に従って行った。試験結果を表3に示す。調質圧延は全て1.0%の伸び率で行った。
【0050】
【表1】

Figure 0004041436
【0051】
【表2】
Figure 0004041436
【0052】
【表3】
Figure 0004041436
【0053】
【発明の効果】
本発明は、電着塗装焼付処理を施す自動車用、家電製品用のパネル部材使途に好適である常温保持中の品質劣化の少ない歪時効硬化型鋼板およびその製造方法に関するものであり、引張強度で250MPaから500MPa程度の強度の鋼板に適用が可能である。本発明は、常温保持中の材質劣化が少なく高い歪み硬化能を有する歪み時効硬化型鋼板を安価に提供することができ、主に自動車の軽量化に寄与し、工業的に価値が高い。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a strain age-hardening type steel plate having a low quality deterioration during holding at normal temperature and a method for producing the same, which is suitable for the use of inner and outer plate panel members of automobiles or home appliances, and has a tensile strength of about 250 MPa to 500 MPa. It can be applied to other steel plates.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Due to the need to reduce vehicle weight, there is a strong demand for higher strength in automotive steel sheets. However, it is generally known that increasing the strength of a material is accompanied by deterioration of press formability such as a decrease in shape freezing property and cracking during molding, and there is a strong method of increasing the strength without reducing workability. It was desired.
[0003]
In response to such demands, as a technology to achieve high strength while ensuring moldability, the strain age-hardening phenomenon that occurs during the electrodeposition coating baking process after molding is used. A technique using so-called bake hardenability (BH) that increases the yield strength or tensile strength is known. This type of steel sheet has C atoms or N atoms dissolved during forming to ensure formability, and C atoms or N atoms are fixed to dislocations generated in the steel sheet during forming during the electrodeposition coating baking process. Or yield strength or tensile strength is increased by finely dispersing and depositing carbide or nitride on the dislocations.
[0004]
However, if the solid solution C content or solid solution N content of the steel sheet is increased in order to obtain a high BH content, normal temperature aging deterioration occurs, and as a result, there is a problem that a strain pattern called a stretcher strain occurs during processing. Thus, it is considered that securing the strain age-hardening property and the non-aging property at room temperature is contradictory, and the maximum amount of BH obtained after securing the non-aging property at room temperature is about 30 to 40 MPa at most. there were.
[0005]
As means for solving this, Patent Document 1 discloses a cold-rolled steel sheet having a high r value, a high BH, a high ductility, and a non-aging property at room temperature, wherein the structure after annealing is a composite structure of a ferrite phase and a low-temperature transformation generation phase. It is disclosed. However, this technique requires an extremely high temperature annealing in order to obtain a composite structure, and has a problem in actual operation that causes troubles such as plate breakage during continuous annealing.
[0006]
In Patent Document 2, it is possible to increase the C concentration in the grain boundary by controlling the cooling rate after annealing in the ultra-low carbon cold-rolled steel sheet to which Nb is added, and to achieve both high BH and room temperature slow aging. It is shown that. However, the amount of BH obtained after securing normal temperature non-aging was about 50 MPa.
[0007]
Further, Patent Document 3 discloses a technique that enables both high BH and room temperature slow aging by setting the N concentration in the crystal grain boundary of ferrite within a predetermined range. However, although this method suppresses the deterioration of the total elongation during aging at room temperature, there is no consideration for the suppression of the yield point elongation that causes the occurrence of stretcher strain.
[0008]
Patent Document 4 discloses a technique for achieving both high BH and room temperature non-aging by adding appropriate amounts of Cr, Mo, and V to an N-use BH steel sheet. However, when the coiling temperature of hot Cr and V is higher than 550 ° C., CrN or VN precipitates in the steel, and as a result, the amount of solute N decreases, resulting in a problem that a high BH amount cannot be obtained. there were.
[0009]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent No. 2818319 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-7-300623 [Patent Document 3]
JP 2000-297350 A [Patent Document 4]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-53933
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been made in view of the actual situation as described above, and in a steel sheet containing Cr that is effective for improving the non-aging property at room temperature, by suppressing the precipitation of CrN during the manufacturing process, it is as high as 50 MPa or more. An object of the present invention is to provide a strain age-hardened steel sheet having BH and excellent in non-aging at room temperature and a method for producing the same. In the present invention, the upper limit of the amount of BH obtained after securing normal temperature non-aging is 85 MPa.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have obtained a method for obtaining a high BH even at a low coiling temperature, centering on a solid solution N-utilizing steel sheet premised on the addition of Cr, which is effective for non-aging at room temperature. Repeated examination. First, in order to elucidate the precipitation mechanism of CrN, the present inventors observed the precipitation site of CrN in detail. As a result, for the first time, it has been found that sulfides such as MnS and CuS present in steel are CrN precipitation sites. Next, an experiment was conducted in which the distribution density of sulfides as precipitation sites was changed. As a result, as the sulfide density was smaller, CrN precipitation during hot rolling and annealing was suppressed, and Cr-N composite added steel Thus, it has been found that high BH, which has been a problem in the past, can be achieved, and the present invention has been achieved.
[0012]
The present invention has the following configuration in order to solve the above-described problems. That is,
(1) The first invention is a strain aging hardening type steel sheet excellent in non-aging properties at room temperature, and is in mass%.
C: 0.004% or less, Si: 0.6% or less,
Mn: 2.0% or less, P: 0.1% or less,
S: 0.0018% or less, Al: 0.01% or less,
Cr: 0.3-2.0%, N: 0.002-0.010%
The amount of solute N is 0.002 to 0.007%, the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities, and the density of sulfides having a particle size of 0.01 [μm] or more is 0 per unit area in steel. 0.2 [pieces / μm 2 ] or less, and the crystal grain size of the ferrite is 5 μm or more.
[0013]
(2) In addition to the above composition, the second invention is characterized by containing one group or two or more groups of the following a group , b group and e group.
Group a: 0.005 to 1.0% of Mo.
Group b: 0.001 to 0.04% in total of one or more of Nb, Ti, V, and Ta .
e group: One or two or more of Ca, Mg, Zr, Ce, and REM in total 0.001 to 0.01%.
[0014]
(3) A third invention is the strain age hardening type steel sheet according to any one of (1) or (2), wherein electroplating or hot dipping is performed.
[0015]
Furthermore, the present invention is a method for producing a strain age-hardened steel sheet having excellent non-aging properties at room temperature,
(4) A fourth invention comprises the chemical component as described in (1) or (2) above, and has a particle size of 0.01 [μm] or more in the slab and a sulfide density of 0.2 [pieces per unit area]. / Μm 2 ] or less, the slab is heated to 1180 ° C. or less, subjected to a hot rolling step, wound at 750 ° C. or less, and then cold-rolled and then annealed. And
[0016]
(5) 5th invention heats the slab which consists of a composition as described in said (1) or (2) to 1180 degreeC or more, and sheet thickness reduction | decrease rate between 1050-1000 degreeC is 60% or less, 1000-900 degreeC. It is characterized by performing hot rolling at a sheet thickness reduction rate of 60% or less, winding at 750 ° C. or less, then cold rolling the hot rolled sheet, and then annealing.
[0017]
(6) A sixth invention is characterized in that, in the manufacturing method according to (4) or (5), a hot-dip galvanized layer is formed after the annealing treatment.
(7) A seventh invention is characterized in that, in the manufacturing method according to the above (6), an alloying treatment is performed after forming a hot-dip galvanized layer.
(8) The eighth invention is characterized in that the steel sheet produced by the method according to any one of (4) to (7) is subjected to temper rolling or leveler processing with an elongation of 3% or less. And
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is described in detail below.
First, the reasons for limiting the components will be described. The component content is% by mass.
C: C is an additive element for controlling the microstructure of steel. However, if it exceeds 0.004%, it becomes difficult to ensure room temperature non-aging. Therefore, in the present invention, the range of C is limited to 0.004% or less. The lower limit is not particularly limited, and the effects of the present invention can be achieved. However, the lower limit is preferably 0.0001% or more in terms of steelmaking costs.
[0019]
Si: Si is used to adjust the microstructure and strength of the steel sheet. However, if it exceeds 0.6%, the chemical conversion treatment property and the adhesion of the plating are deteriorated. Therefore, the Si content is limited to a range of 0.6% or less. The lower limit is not particularly limited, and the effects of the present invention can be achieved. However, the lower limit is inevitably contained as 0.001% or more in many cases.
[0020]
Mn: Mn is used to adjust the microstructure and strength. If the content of Mn exceeds 2.0%, the moldability is deteriorated. Therefore, the Mn content is limited to 2.0% or less. The lower limit is not particularly limited, and the effects of the present invention can be achieved. However, the impurity is inevitably contained in an amount of 0.001% or more in many cases.
[0021]
P: P has the ability to refine a hot-rolled structure and is a strong solid solution strengthening element, so it is used for adjusting the strength of the steel sheet. However, if the addition amount exceeds 0.1%, the fatigue strength after spot welding becomes poor, or the yield strength increases excessively, causing surface shape defects during pressing. Furthermore, the alloying reaction becomes extremely slow during continuous hot dip galvanizing, and productivity is lowered. Also, the secondary workability is deteriorated. Therefore, the range of P content is limited to 0.1% or less. The lower limit is not particularly limited, and the effects of the present invention can be achieved. However, the lower limit is inevitably contained as 0.001% or more in many cases.
[0022]
S: S is the most important element in the present invention. If it exceeds 0.0018%, a high-density sulfide is formed, and a large amount of CrN is precipitated during winding or annealing. Therefore, the range is limited to 0.0018% or less. From the viewpoint of reducing the amount of sulfide formed, it is more desirable to be 0.0009% or less.
[0023]
Al: Al is used for deoxidation and adjustment of the amount of dissolved N. However, since Al forms AlN and may become a nucleation site of CrN, the upper limit is limited to 0.01%. From the viewpoint of suppressing AlN generation as much as possible and obtaining a stable normal temperature non-aging-BH balance, the range of Al content is preferably 0.005% or less.
[0024]
Cr: Cr is added to suppress diffusion of N at room temperature and obtain non-aging at room temperature. If the addition amount is less than 0.3%, the effect is small. On the other hand, if it exceeds 2.0%, the effect on N diffusion suppression is saturated, and addition beyond this increases the cost. Therefore, the range of the Cr addition amount is limited to 0.3 to 2.0%.
[0025]
N: N is an essential additive element for BH expression. If it is less than 0.002%, strain age hardening cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 0.010%, it is difficult to ensure room temperature non-aging. Therefore, the range is limited to a range of 0.002 to 0.01%.
[0026]
Solid solution N: The amount of solid solution N is an amount that directly correlates with the amount of BH. If it is less than 0.002%, strain age hardening cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 0.007%, a high BH content can be obtained, but it is difficult to ensure room temperature non-aging. Therefore, the range of the amount of solute N is limited to a range of 0.002 to 0.007%.
[0027]
In the present invention, in addition to the above-described composition, the object of the present invention can be achieved even if one or more of the groups a to e are contained. In addition, in this invention, based on the steel C and steel F of Table 1 of an Example, it was supposed that 1 group or 2 groups or more of a group, b group, and e group may be contained.
Group a: 0.005 to 1.0% of Mo.
Since Mo has an effect of improving the non-aging property at room temperature by suppressing the diffusion of C, it is desirable to add it as much as possible. However, if it is less than 0.005%, the effect is not seen, and if it exceeds 1.0%, carbonitrides are formed on the sulfide, leading to a decrease in the amount of BH. Therefore, the range of the total amount is set to 0.005 to 1.0%.
[0028]
Group b: 0.001 to 0.04% in total of one or more of Nb, Ti, V, and Ta.
Nb, Ti, V, and Ta are carbonitride-forming elements, and are used to adjust the microstructure, texture, C content, and N content of the steel sheet. % Or more is preferable. However, if it exceeds 0.04% in total, the amount of carbonitride deposited increases, making it difficult to obtain high BH, and if it is 0.001% or less, the effect of addition does not appear. Therefore, the range of the total amount is set to 0.001 to 0.04%.
[0029]
Group c: Cu and Ni are used for adjusting the strength. If the total of one or two types is less than 0.01%, the effect of addition cannot be obtained, and if it exceeds 3.0%, the cost increases. Therefore, the appropriate addition range is limited to 0.01 to 3.0%.
[0030]
d group: B is 0.0003 to 0.003%.
When B is contained in an amount of 0.0003% or more, it segregates at the grain boundary, has the effect of suppressing secondary processing cracks due to P, and has the effect of improving the moldability. However, if it exceeds 0.003%, boron nitride is formed, and the amount of solid solution N decreases, so that high BH cannot be obtained. Therefore, the range was limited to 0.0003 to 0.003%.
[0031]
e group: One or two or more of Ca, Mg, Zr, Ce, and REM in total 0.001 to 0.01%.
Ca, Mg, Zr, Ce, and REM are elements used for controlling the form and distribution of oxygen inclusions, and preferably contain one or two or more in total of 0.001% or more. However, if the total content exceeds 0.01%, the moldability is deteriorated. Therefore, the range of the total amount of one or more types is set to 0.001 to 0.01%. In the present invention, REM refers to La and lanthanoid series elements.
[0032]
Note that O is an important element as an inevitable impurity. Although the amount of O varies greatly depending on the deoxidation method, it is unavoidably contained in an amount of 0.0005% or more. In the case of a low Al component as in the present invention, the inevitable residual amount is about 0.015%, and this is the upper limit of the amount of O as an inevitable impurity.
[0033]
The steel sheet according to the present invention preferably has a structure mainly composed of ferrite in order to avoid precipitation of CrN on dislocations. If the average crystal grain size of ferrite is less than 5 μm, CrN on the grain boundaries may be caused during the production process, so that it is preferably 5 μm or more. Preferably it is 8 micrometers or more.
[0034]
When the density of sulfides having a particle size of 0.01 [μm] or more in steel exceeds 0.2 [pieces / μm 2 ] per unit area, the amount of precipitated CrN increases, and as a result, high BH can be achieved. Since it becomes difficult, the range was limited to 0.2 [pieces / μm 2 ] or less. 0.1 [pieces / μm 2 ] or less is a more preferable range. The minimum size of precipitates that can be extracted by the extraction replica method is 0.01 μm, and precipitates with a size smaller than this are difficult to become CrN precipitation nuclei, so the particle size of sulfide is 0.01 μm or more. Things are to be measured. The particle diameter is the maximum diameter.
[0035]
It is simple and preferable to evaluate the non-aging property at room temperature by the yield point elongation after artificial aging. Non-aging at room temperature means that the change in yield point elongation by a tensile test before and after 10,000 minutes at 40 ° C. is 0.6% or less.
[0036]
Next, the reason for limiting the manufacturing method will be described.
The slab to be used for hot rolling may be one produced by a continuously cast slab or a thin slab caster. It is also compatible with processes such as continuous casting-direct rolling (CC-DR) in which hot rolling is performed immediately after casting.
[0037]
Hot rolling slab heating temperature or hot rolling conditions can be selected depending on the sulfide distribution density in the slab. If the sulfide distribution density in the slab is already 0.2 [pieces / μm 2 ] or less, if the sulfide is not re-dissolved during the slab heating, the sulfide will not be dissolved during the subsequent hot rolling. Therefore, the sulfide distribution in the cold-rolled annealed sheet is 0.2 [pieces / μm 2 ] or less. If the slab heating temperature exceeds 1180 ° C., re-dissolution of the sulfide occurs, and the sulfide distribution changes in the subsequent hot rolling process, so it is necessary to set it to 1180 ° C. or less. Preferably it is 1120 degrees C or less.
[0038]
On the other hand, if the sulfide distribution density in the slab is greater than 0.2 [pieces / [mu] m 2], or 0.2 [pieces / [mu] m 2] must be heated above 1180 ° C. for another reason, even when the following When there is, a sparse sulfide distribution can be obtained by limiting the hot rolling conditions. For this purpose, the slab is first heated to 1180 ° C. or higher to re-dissolve the sulfide. As for this heating temperature, 1200 degreeC or more is more desirable.
[0039]
Next, since the range between 1050 ° C. and 900 ° C. is a range in which sulfides are finely and densely deposited, hot rolling is performed so that the rolling amount in this range is minimized. That is, if either or both of the plate thickness reduction rate between 1050 and 1000 ° C. and the plate thickness reduction rate between 1000 and 900 ° C. exceeds 60%, fine and high-density sulfides are formed. Therefore, the plate thickness reduction rate within each temperature range is limited to 60% or less. Incidentally, the two arbitrary temperature during hot rolling process when the T A, T B, respectively, and the sheet thickness reduction rate between T A through T B the temperature is a quantity defined by the following equation.
Thickness reduction rate between T A and T B temperature (%) = 100 × ((Thickness when T A temperature passes) − (Thickness when T A temperature passes) / (Thickness when T B temperature passes) ))
The finish rolling temperature is not particularly defined, but is preferably (Ar3 transformation point−100) ° C. or higher from the viewpoint of securing the workability of the product plate.
[0040]
The winding temperature needs to be 750 ° C. or lower. If it exceeds 750 ° C., CrN may precipitate on the crystal grain boundaries even if no sulfide is present, and a high BH content may not be obtained. The lower limit is not particularly required, but the lower the r value of the cold-rolled annealed plate, the higher the temperature is preferably 400 ° C or higher.
[0041]
After winding, it is cooled, and then generally known treatments such as pickling are performed, followed by cold rolling. With regard to the cold rolling conditions, the number of rolling passes and the rolling reduction need not be specifically defined, and may be in accordance with ordinary methods. However, if the rolling reduction of cold rolling exceeds 90%, the load on the equipment becomes excessive, and the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the product increases, so 90% or less is preferable.
[0042]
What is necessary is just to follow a conventional method about the heating rate in the continuous annealing process or continuous annealing, and a plating process, heating temperature, and a cooling rate. However, with respect to the cooling rate after annealing, it is preferable to cool within the range from the end of annealing to 550 ° C. at 5 ° C./s or more from the viewpoint of suppressing the precipitation of CrN as much as possible.
[0043]
When hot dip galvanizing is performed, after annealing heat treatment, galvanizing is performed, and then alloying treatment of the plating phase is performed as necessary. Although the conditions for galvanizing and alloying are not particularly defined, the immersion time in the plating bath and the holding time in the alloying furnace are each 40 s or less, more preferably from the viewpoint of suppressing the precipitation of added C at the grain boundaries. It is preferable that it is 20 s or less.
When hot dip galvanizing is not performed, after annealing, it may be cooled to room temperature or may be cooled to any temperature from 500 ° C. to 100 ° C. as an overaging treatment.
[0044]
The temper rolling is performed for improving the non-aging property at room temperature and correcting the shape, and it is preferable to perform the temper rolling in a range of 3% or less in rolling reduction. If it exceeds 3%, the amount of BH tends to decrease, so this is the upper limit.
[0045]
The cold-rolled steel sheet of the present invention, which has been made after the annealing heat treatment without undergoing a plating step or a plating alloying step, is suitable as various plating raw materials. The plating layer may be formed by either an electroplating method or a hot dipping method. Examples of the main component of plating include aluminum, zinc, chromium, tin, and nickel.
[0046]
The sulfide distribution density is preferably a method in which sulfide is extracted by the extraction replica method and measured by an analytical transmission electron microscope.
As the sulfide species, any of sulfides of Mn, Cu, Cr, and sulfides containing these elements in combination (for example, (Mn, Cu) S) can be CrN precipitation sites, and all of these are measured. Shall.
[0047]
The amount of solute N is determined by analyzing the filtrate according to the N determination method described in JIS A5523. Ag is preferably used as a filter for filtering insoluble residue.
[0048]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
The steel of the components shown in Table 1 is melted, and the slab is reheated, hot-rolled, cooled and wound under the conditions shown in Table 2, and the hot-rolled steel sheet thus obtained is pickled, After cold working at a cold rolling rate of 70 to 85% and degreasing treatment, continuous heat treatment and continuous galvanizing step were performed. The steel plate thus obtained was subjected to a tensile test, a BH test, and a structure observation. Conditions for each test and observation are shown below.
[0049]
The tensile test was performed using a JIS No. 5 test piece under a strain rate of 10 −3 / s. The change in material during normal temperature holding was evaluated by comparing the tensile test results before and after accelerated aging at 40 ° C. for 10,000 minutes. The pre-deformation amount in the BH test was 2%, the aging conditions corresponding to the paint baking treatment were 170 ° C. × 20 minutes, and the BH amount evaluated at the upper yield point at the time of re-tensioning was taken. The average crystal grain size of ferrite was measured according to the test method of JISG0552. The test results are shown in Table 3. All temper rolling was performed at an elongation of 1.0%.
[0050]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004041436
[0051]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004041436
[0052]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004041436
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a strain age-hardening type steel sheet having a low quality deterioration during holding at room temperature and suitable for use in a panel member for automobiles and home appliances subjected to electrodeposition coating baking treatment, and a method for producing the same. The present invention can be applied to a steel plate having a strength of about 250 MPa to 500 MPa. INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention can provide a strain age-hardening type steel sheet having a high strain hardening ability with little material deterioration during normal temperature maintenance at low cost, mainly contributing to weight reduction of an automobile and industrially high in value.

Claims (8)

質量%で、
C :0.004%以下、
Si:0.6%以下、
Mn:2.0%以下、
P :0.1%以下、
S :0.0018%以下、
Al:0.01%以下、
Cr:0.3〜2.0%、
N :0.002〜0.010%
を含み、固溶N量が0.002〜0.007%であり、残部がFeおよび不可避的不純物からなり、鋼中における粒径0.01[μm]以上の硫化物密度が単位面積あたり0.2[個/μm2 ]以下であり、さらにフェライトの結晶粒径が5μm以上であることを特徴とする常温非時効性に優れた歪時効硬化型鋼板。
% By mass
C: 0.004% or less,
Si: 0.6% or less,
Mn: 2.0% or less,
P: 0.1% or less,
S: 0.0018% or less,
Al: 0.01% or less,
Cr: 0.3 to 2.0%,
N: 0.002 to 0.010%
The amount of solute N is 0.002 to 0.007%, the balance is Fe and inevitable impurities, and the density of sulfides having a particle size of 0.01 [μm] or more in steel is 0 per unit area. .2 [pieces / μm 2 ] or less, and further having a ferrite grain size of 5 μm or more, a strain age-hardening type steel sheet having excellent non-aging properties at room temperature.
前記組成に加えてさらに、下記a群、b群及びe群の1群または2群以上を含有することを特徴とする請求項1記載の常温非時効性に優れた歪時効硬化型鋼板。
a群:Moを0.005〜1.0%。
b群:Nb、Ti、V、Taのうち1種または2種以上を合計で0.001〜0.04%
群:Ca、Mg、Zr、Ce、REMのうち1種または2種以上を合計で0.001〜0.01%。
The strain age hardening type steel plate excellent in normal temperature non-ageing according to claim 1, further comprising at least one group of the following group a, group b and group e in addition to the composition.
Group a: 0.005 to 1.0% of Mo.
Group b: 0.001 to 0.04% in total of one or more of Nb, Ti, V, and Ta .
e group: One or two or more of Ca, Mg, Zr, Ce, and REM in total 0.001 to 0.01%.
請求項1又は2記載の鋼板に電気めっき又は溶融めっきが施されていることを特徴とする常温非時効性に優れた歪時効硬化型鋼板。  A strain age-hardening type steel sheet excellent in non-aging at room temperature, wherein the steel sheet according to claim 1 or 2 is electroplated or hot-dipped. 請求項1又は2に記載の化学成分からなり、スラブ中における粒径0.01[μm]以上の硫化物密度が単位面積あたり0.2[個/μm2 ]以下であるスラブを1180℃以下に加熱し、熱間圧延を行った後、750℃以下で巻取り、次いで該熱延板を冷間圧延した後、焼鈍を行うことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の常温非時効性に優れた歪時効硬化型鋼板を製造する方法。A slab comprising the chemical component according to claim 1 and having a sulfide density of 0.01 [μm] or more in the slab of 0.2 [piece / μm 2 ] or less per unit area is 1180 ° C. or less. The steel sheet is rolled at 750 ° C. or lower after being hot-rolled and then cold-rolled and then annealed after cold rolling at room temperature. Of producing strain-age-hardening steel sheets with excellent resistance. 請求項1又は2に記載の化学成分からなるスラブを1180℃以上に加熱し、1050〜1000℃間の板厚減少率60%以下、1000〜900℃間での板厚減少率60%以下となる熱間圧延を行い、750℃以下で巻取り、次いで該熱延板を冷間圧延した後、焼鈍を行うことを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の常温非時効性に優れた歪時効硬化型鋼板の製造方法。  The slab comprising the chemical component according to claim 1 or 2 is heated to 1180 ° C or higher, and a plate thickness reduction rate of 1050 to 1000 ° C is 60% or less, and a plate thickness reduction rate of 1000 to 900 ° C is 60% or less. 3. The strain aging excellent in room temperature non-aging according to claim 1, wherein the steel sheet is subjected to hot rolling, wound at 750 ° C. or lower, then cold-rolled and then annealed. A method for producing a hardened steel sheet. 焼鈍後に鋼板表面に溶融亜鉛めっき層を形成することを特徴とする請求項4又は5記載の常温非時効性に優れた歪時効硬化型鋼板の製造方法。  6. The method for producing a strain age-hardening type steel sheet excellent in normal temperature non-aging according to claim 4 or 5, wherein a hot-dip galvanized layer is formed on the steel sheet surface after annealing. 溶融亜鉛めっき層を形成した後、合金化処理を行うことを特徴とする請求項6記載の常温非時効性に優れた歪時効硬化型鋼板の製造方法。  7. The method for producing a strain age hardened steel sheet having excellent non-aging properties at room temperature according to claim 6, wherein the alloying treatment is performed after forming the hot dip galvanized layer. 請求項5〜7の何れか1項に記載の方法により製造した鋼板に、伸び率:3%以下の調質圧延またはレベラー加工を施すことを特徴とする請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の常温非時効性に優れた歪時効硬化型鋼板を製造する方法。  The steel sheet manufactured by the method according to any one of claims 5 to 7 is subjected to temper rolling or leveler processing with an elongation of 3% or less. A method for producing a strain age-hardened steel sheet having excellent non-aging properties at room temperature described in 1.
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