JP4045786B2 - Vehicle door device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a vehicle door device that opens and closes an opening formed in a vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, particularly in a one-box type automobile, when opening a rear door of a vehicle, the rear door having a size substantially the same as the opening is rotated outward about the upper end of the opening of the vehicle. Therefore, for example, in a narrow parking space, when there is an obstacle such as a wall on the rear side of the vehicle, there is a problem that the rear door comes into contact with the obstacle.
[0003]
In order to solve such a problem, there is a technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-144013. This publication includes a groove formed along an opening side edge where a rear door of a vehicle is provided, a protrusion protruding from a side edge of the door and slidably fitted in the groove, and a lower end of the door There is disclosed a vehicle door opening / closing device provided with a wire connected to the wire and wire winding means provided in the vehicle for opening and closing the door by winding and feeding the wire in the vertical direction.
[0004]
According to the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-144013, the door can be opened and closed vertically along the opening by winding and feeding the wire, so that the door can be opened and closed without protruding the rear door to the rear of the vehicle. Can be made. Therefore, the door does not contact an obstacle on the rear side of the vehicle during the door opening / closing operation.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the configuration of the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-1444013, the opening is opened and closed by moving the door in the vertical direction. For example, the height of the vehicle such as a place where the height of the ceiling is relatively low. When opening the rear door in a place where the direction is restricted, there is a problem that the door protrudes greatly in the height direction of the vehicle, and the upper end of the door contacts an obstacle such as a ceiling. .
[0006]
Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the vehicle door apparatus which can reduce the protrusion amount of the door in the opening direction of the opening of a vehicle, and the height direction of a vehicle as much as possible.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problem, the invention of claim 1 is attached to an upper side of an opening formed in a vehicle, and is pivotally supported on the upper edge of the opening so that the upper edge of the opening serves as a rotation center. A first door capable of opening and closing the opening by operating the lower end in the vertical direction, and a second door attached to the lower side of the opening and opening and closing the opening by operating the upper and lower ends in the vertical direction. In a vehicle door device, comprising: a door; and a coupling mechanism that couples the first door and the second door so that the first door moves in the vertical direction in accordance with the vertical movement of the second door. The connection mechanism has a first link that connects the second door and a part of a side edge that extends in the up-down direction of the opening, and a position above the connection position of the first link in the second door. And the first link at the side edge of the opening and A second link that connects the upper side of the connection position, and the upper side of the second door and the vicinity of the central portion of the side that extends in the vertical direction of the first door, and when the opening is fully opened A third link that operates the first door and the second door so that an inner side of the first door and an outer side of the second door overlap, and the third link is a length of the second link. The total length of the second link and the length of the second link is shorter than the length of the first link .
[0008]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, the opening of the vehicle is opened and closed by moving the lower ends of the first door and the second door in the vertical direction. The amount of protrusion of each door in the opening direction and the vehicle height direction when the door is opened and closed can be reduced. Further, when opening and closing the opening, the first door is also opened and closed in connection with the operation of the second door by the coupling mechanism, so that the operation associated with the opening can be performed smoothly.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a vehicle door device 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3.
[0013]
FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 are side views showing the body rear side of the vehicle 1 including the vehicle door device 10 according to the present embodiment. The vehicle 1 in the present embodiment is a so-called one-box type automobile, and an opening 1 a that opens in a direction substantially parallel to the backward direction of the vehicle is formed in the rear portion of the vehicle 1. 1 is a side view when the opening 1a of the vehicle is fully closed, FIG. 2 is a side view when the opening 1a is between fully closed and fully open, and FIG. 3 is a side view when the opening 1a is fully open. Each is shown. A first door 2 that can open and close the opening 1a by moving the lower end 2a in the vertical direction is attached to the upper end edge 1b of the opening 1a. The lower end 3a extends in the vertical direction below the opening 1a. The second door 3 that can be opened and closed by being operated is attached, and the first door 2 and the second door 3 are configured so that the opening 1a can be fully closed or fully opened. Moreover, the connection mechanism 5 which connects the 1st door 2 and the 2nd door 3 so that the 1st door 2 may be operated to an up-down direction with the operation | movement of the up-down direction of the 2nd door 3 is provided.
[0014]
When the first door 2 and the second door 3 shown in FIG. 1 are fully closed, the connecting mechanism 5 overlaps the lower side of the first door 2 and the upper side of the second door 3 so that the first door 2 and the second door shown in FIG. The first door 2 and the second door 3 are connected so that the inner side of the first door 2 and the outer side of the second door 3 overlap when the two-door 3 is fully opened. Moreover, the 1st door 2 is pivotally supported by the upper end edge 1b of the opening 1a so that the upper end edge 1b of the opening 1a may become a rotation center.
[0015]
The connection mechanism 5 will be described in more detail. The connection mechanism 5 includes a first link 51, a second link 52, and a third link 53. The first link 51 connects the central portion vicinity 3b of the side portion extending in the vertical direction of the second door 3 and a portion 1c of the side edge extending in the vertical direction of the opening 1a. The second link 52 includes a portion 3c above the connection position 3b with the first link 51 in the side portion extending in the vertical direction of the second door 3, and the first at the side edge extending in the vertical direction of the opening 1a. The location 1d above the connection position 1c with the link 51 is connected. The third link 53 connects the upper side 3 c of the second door 3 and the vicinity 2 b of the central portion of the side portion extending in the vertical direction of the first door 2. Each link 51, 52, 53 is a pair of links so as to be connected to both side edges extending in the vertical direction of the opening 1a or both side portions extending in the vertical direction of each door 2, 3. It is comprised by.
[0016]
The length of each link 51, 52, 53 will be described. The length of the first link 51 is longer than the length of the second link 52, and the length of the second link 52 is set to be longer than the length of the third link 53. The total length of the second link 52 and the third link 53 is set to be longer than the length of the first link 51.
[0017]
The door opening / closing operation in the vehicle door device 10 having the above-described configuration will be described. First, when the door shown in FIG. 1 is fully closed, the lower end 2a of the first door 2 and the upper end of the second door 3 overlap in both the vertical direction and the opening direction. When the lower end 3 a of the second door 3 is moved upward from the state of FIG. 1, the first link 51 and the second link 52 rotate the body of the vehicle 1 with the upward movement of the second door 3. Act as the center. As the first link 51, the second link 52, and the second door move, the first door 2 has the upper edge 1b of the opening 1a as the center of rotation through the third link 53 connected to the upper side of the second door. Operated upward. That is, as the second door 3 is moved upward, the first door 2 is moved upward. A state in the middle from fully closed to fully open is shown in FIG. When the second door 3 is further moved upward from the state of FIG. 2, the links 51, 52, 53 and the first door 2 are operated in accordance with the operation of the second door 3, and the state of FIG. 3 is obtained. The opening 1a is fully opened. In the state of FIG. 3, since the inside of the first door 2 and the outside of the second door 3 overlap, the second door 3 is not moved upward any more.
[0018]
The amount of protrusion of each door 2, 3 in the opening direction and the vehicle height direction will be described. Since the 1st door 2 is pivotally supported by the upper end edge 1b of the opening 1a, when the 1st door 2 becomes substantially horizontal, the protrusion amount to an opening direction becomes the maximum. Further, the protrusion amount of the first door 2 in the height direction is such that the second link 52 and the third link 53 are arranged in a straight line during the transition from the state of FIG. 2 to the state of FIG. It becomes maximum when it becomes (not shown).
[0019]
In the present embodiment, since the side surface of the opening 1a of the vehicle has a curved shape that gradually displaces toward the front of the vehicle as it goes upward, the amount of protrusion of the second door 3 in the opening direction is as shown in FIG. During the transition from the state to the state of FIG. 3, the maximum is obtained when the second link 52 and the third link 53 are in a state (not shown) arranged in a straight line. Further, the amount of protrusion in the height direction is maximized in the state shown in FIG.
[0020]
Thus, according to the present embodiment, since the opening 1a is opened and closed by the first door 2 and the second door 3, as described above, the case where the opening is opened and closed by a single door. The amount of protrusion of the doors 2 and 3 in the opening direction and the vehicle height direction when the doors 2 and 3 are opened and closed can be reduced.
[0021]
The embodiment of the present invention has been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment. For example, an electric motor is connected to the first link 51, and a switch operation from the outside of the vehicle interior is performed. The opening 1a of the vehicle may be opened and closed without using human power by driving the electric motor to open and close the first door 2 and the second door 3. Further, in such a configuration, the first link 51 and the electric motor are connected and disconnected by a clutch mechanism such as an electromagnetic clutch, so that the so-called automatic opening / closing of the opening 1a by the electric motor or the manual opening 1a is performed. The opening / closing may be switched arbitrarily.
[0022]
The present invention can also be applied to vehicles other than one-box type automobiles. Furthermore, when an expansion / contraction rod that can extend and contract in the direction of assisting the upward movement of the second door 3 is disposed between the side edge of the opening 1a and the second door 3, the second door 3 is moved upward. The load necessary for operation is reduced, which is preferable.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention of claim 1, since the opening of the vehicle is opened and closed by the plurality of doors of the first door and the second door, each door is opened and closed with respect to the case where the opening is opened and closed by a single door. The amount of protrusion of each door in the opening direction and the vehicle height direction when operating can be reduced. Further, when opening and closing the opening, the first door is also opened and closed in connection with the operation of the second door by the coupling mechanism, so that the operation associated with the opening can be performed smoothly.
[0024]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the inner side of the first door and the outer side of the second door overlap each other when the doors are fully opened by the connecting mechanism. It is suitable for reducing the amount of protrusion of the door in the height direction.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a vehicle door device according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a fully closed state of the door.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the vehicle door device according to the embodiment of the present invention, and shows the state of the door opening process.
FIG. 3 is a side view of the vehicle door device according to the embodiment of the present invention, showing the door fully open.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Vehicle 1a ... Opening 1b ... Upper edge 2 ... 1st door 2a ... Lower end 3 of 1st door ... 2nd door 3a ... Lower end 5 of 2nd door ..Connection mechanism 51 ... first link 52 ... second link 53 ... third link

Claims (1)

It is attached to the upper side of the opening formed in the vehicle, is pivotally supported by the upper end edge of the opening so that the upper end edge of the opening is the center of rotation, and can be opened and closed by moving the lower end in the vertical direction. The first door;
A second door attached to the lower side of the opening and capable of opening and closing the opening by moving an upper end and a lower end in a vertical direction;
In the vehicle door device having a connection mechanism that connects the first door and the second door so as to move the first door in the vertical direction in accordance with the vertical movement of the second door,
The connecting mechanism is located above the connection position between the first link connecting the second door and a part of the side edge extending in the vertical direction of the opening, and the first link in the second door. And a second link for connecting the upper side of the side edge of the opening with respect to the connection position with the first link, and the center of the side portion extending in the vertical direction of the upper side of the second door and the first door. part connecting the vicinity of said at opening of the fully opened and a third link for operating said first door and said second door so that the outside of the inner and the second door of the first door is overlapped, The third link is configured to be shorter than a length of the second link and to have a total length longer than a length of the first link with respect to the length of the second link . Door device.

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