JP4048417B2 - Polybenzoazole film - Google Patents
Polybenzoazole film Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4048417B2 JP4048417B2 JP2002111071A JP2002111071A JP4048417B2 JP 4048417 B2 JP4048417 B2 JP 4048417B2 JP 2002111071 A JP2002111071 A JP 2002111071A JP 2002111071 A JP2002111071 A JP 2002111071A JP 4048417 B2 JP4048417 B2 JP 4048417B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- polybenzoazole
- film
- dope
- coagulation
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000137 polyphosphoric acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 20
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
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- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 3
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- KUMOYHHELWKOCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,6-diaminobenzene-1,3-diol;dihydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.Cl.NC1=CC(N)=C(O)C=C1O KUMOYHHELWKOCB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920001643 poly(ether ketone) Polymers 0.000 description 2
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- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethylene glycol, Natural products OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraphosphorus decaoxide Chemical compound O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、非液晶性ポリベンゾアゾールポリマードープから得られるフィルムに関する。さらに詳しくは耐熱性、機械特性および耐層間剥離性に優れたポリベンゾアゾールフィルムに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
エレクトロニクスをはじめとする技術の発展により、優れた耐熱性と機械的性質を兼ね備えたフレキシブルなフィルムが強く求められている。耐熱性を有する有機ポリマーとしては、アラミド、芳香族ポリイミド、芳香族ポリエーテルケトン等が挙げられる。しかしながら、これらのフィルムは耐熱性の点で不十分であったり(アラミド、芳香族ポリエーテルケトン)、吸湿率が比較的大きく、電気絶縁性や吸湿寸法安定性の点で不満足であったり(アラミド)、成形の工程が煩雑であったり(芳香族ポリイミド)と、それぞれに欠点を有している。
特表昭61-501452号公報には、ポリベンゾアゾールが開示されている。ポリベンゾアゾールは、芳香族ポリイミドより更に耐熱性に優れるとともに強力の点でも優れている。
しかし、ポリベンゾアゾールは剛直性が高いため液晶構造をとりやすく、フィルムを製膜する際には吐出方向に過度に配向するため、できたフィルムはフィブリル化し易く、製膜方向(MD方向)の機械的強度は強いもののMD方向に直角な方向(TD方向)の機械的強度が弱く裂けやすい欠点を有している。また、結晶が大きいため平滑なフィルムができないという欠点も有している。
特表平6−503521号公報には、配向ポリベンゾアゾールフィルムの製造方法が開示されている。しかし、この方法で得られるポリベンゾアゾールフィルムは、平滑性の問題があり、また製膜も非常に繁雑である。また、フィルム厚み方向に対して層間剥離しやすいという問題がある。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、これらの従来技術の欠点に対して、優れた耐熱性、機械的強度、平滑性および耐層間剥離性を兼ね備えたポリベンゾアゾールフィルムを提供することである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記目的を達成するために鋭意検討した結果、非液晶性のポリベンゾアゾールのフィルム状ドープを、凝固製膜することで、優れた耐熱性と機械的強度と平滑性および耐層間剥離性を兼ね備えたポリベンゾアゾールフィルムを得ることを見出し、本発明に到達した。即ち、本発明は、下記構成単位(e)のポリベンゾアゾールをポリマー分として0.1〜4重量%含むポリリン酸又はメタンスルホン酸を溶媒とする非液晶性ポリベンゾアゾールドープを凝固させて得られることを特徴とするポリベンゾアゾールフィルムである。
【化1】
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明におけるポリベンゾアゾールとは、主たる構成単位として(e)の構成単位を含有するものである。
【0006】
【化1】
【0007】
【化2】
【0008】
【化3】
【0009】
【化4】
【0010】
【化5】
ここでRは、下記化学式およびこれらのハロゲン基、ニトロ基、アルキル基によって芳香核が置換された置換体を表している。Rが2種類以上からなる共重合体でもかまわない。
【0011】
【化6】
【0012】
【化7】
【0013】
【化8】
【0014】
【化9】
【0015】
【化10】
【0016】
【化11】
【0017】
【化12】
【0018】
本発明に用いられるポリベンゾアゾールは、米国特許第4,533,693号などに記載されるような公知の方法で合成することができる。たとえば、ポリベンゾアゾールの合成方法の例として、ポリリン酸中に4,6−ジアミノレゾルシノール2塩酸塩を分散して加熱混合しながら減圧して塩酸を除去した後、微粉化したテレフタル酸を添加して更に加熱混合しながら減圧して、主たる構成単位が(e)であるシスーポリ(p−フェニレンベンゾビスオキサゾール)(略称PBO)が得られる。本発明では、特に好適にはPBOが用いられるが、これに限定されるものではない。
【0019】
重合直後のポリベンゾアゾールおよびフィルム化後のポリベンゾアゾールのメタンスルホン酸溶液で測定した極限粘度は、5dl/g以上が好ましい。極限粘度が5dl/g以下の場合、十分な機械的強度が得られない。
【0020】
本発明の非液晶性ポリベンゾアゾールドープとは、偏光顕微鏡を用いた直交ニコル下の観察で、液晶構造に由来するドメイン構造が観察されないものをさす。
非液晶性ポリベンゾアゾールドープは、例えば、高濃度の液晶性ポリベンゾアゾールドープを溶媒で希釈する方法で得られる。例えば、ポリリン酸、メタンスルホン酸等の溶媒により、ポリマー分として4重量%以下に希釈する。好ましくは、0.1重量%から4重量%であり、さらに好ましくは0.5重量%から2重量%に希釈して得られる。
【0021】
本発明のポリベンゾアゾールのフィルムは、押出し、凝固、洗浄および乾燥等の工程により製膜される。
押出し工程においては、Tダイ方式やサーキュラーダイ方式、圧延ロール方式などの方法で等方性ポリベンゾアゾールドープを製膜する。押出されたフィルム状の非液晶性ポリベンゾアゾールドープは、凝固にいたる過程で、空気中、水蒸気中あるいは制御された雰囲気下に暴露してもよく、また、直接凝固液中に押出してもよい。
【0022】
本発明の凝固工程においては、例えば、フィルム状の非液晶性ポリベンゾアゾールドープを凝固浴中に浸漬して固化させる。この時、光学的に等方的なドープを凝固させると力学特性や光学特性が等方的なフィルムを得ることができる。
凝固液としては、例えば、水、金属塩水溶液、多価アルコール、非プロトン性極性溶媒、プロトン性極性溶媒等が挙げられる。
【0023】
本発明おける凝固条件としては、凝固液温度を高くし、凝固液濃度を高くする方がボイド(微細な気泡)構造の少ない均一な膜が得られる。しかしながら、凝固液温度および凝固液濃度を高くしすぎると、凝固性が低下しハンドリング性が低下する。
凝固液の温度は10℃以上70℃以下が好ましい。さらに好ましくは30℃以上60℃以下である。
【0024】
凝固液として金属塩水溶液を用いる場合、水に対する飽和溶解度の半分の濃度から飽和溶解度の濃度の金属塩水溶液を用いることが好ましい。特にボイド(微細な気泡)構造の少ない均一な膜を得るには、凝固液として金属塩水溶液を用いることが好適である。金属塩の種類は多数挙げられるが、リチウム、ナトリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、アルミニウム、バリウム、ストロンチウム、ガリウム、インジウム、クロム、鉄、コバルト、ニッケル、マンガン等水和数の多い金属種がより好ましい。
【0025】
多価アルコールとしてはエチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、グリセリン等が挙げられる。多価アルコール/水は重量比で10/90から100/0の割合でもちいるのが好ましい。さらに好ましくは30/70から80/20である。
【0026】
非プロトン性極性溶媒としては、N−メチルピロリドン、γ−ブチロラクトン、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルアセトアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド等が挙げられる。非プロトン性極性溶媒/水は重量比で10/90から100/0の割合でもちいるのが好ましい。さらに好ましくは30/70から80/20である。
さらには、ポリベンゾアゾールドープを支持体に塗布し、空気中、水蒸気中および制御された雰囲気下暴露により凝固させてもよい。 これらは凝固プロセスの一例であり、他の条件によっても凝固させることができる。
【0027】
凝固されたフィルムはドープ溶媒である酸等を含むため、酸の洗浄、除去をおこなう必要がある。洗浄液は通常、水が用いられるが、必要に応じて温水で行ったり、アルカリ水溶液で中和洗浄した後、水等で洗浄してもよい。洗浄は、例えば洗浄液中でフィルムを走行させたり、洗浄液を噴霧する等の方法がある。
【0028】
本発明における乾燥工程とは、緊張下、定張下フィルムの収縮を制限しておこなうことが望ましい。自由収縮で乾燥させた場合には、部分収縮がおこるため厚み斑となったり、さらにはフィルムの平面性が損なわれる場合がある。収縮を制限しつつ乾燥するには、例えばテンター乾燥機や金属枠に挟んでの乾燥などをおこなうことができる。乾燥に懸かる他の条件は特に制限されるものではなく、空気、窒素などの加熱気体や常温気体を用いた乾燥方法や、ヒーターや赤外線ランプを用いた乾燥方法等が挙げられる。
【0029】
押出し工程、凝固工程、洗浄工程および乾燥工程等は連続的に行ってもよく、また、バッチ式で行ってもよい。さらに各工程の間に、その他の特別な工程を加えてもよい。
【0030】
本発明で用いられるポリベンゾアゾールフィルムは、磁気記録層や金属蒸着層などとの接着力を上げるために、アンカー剤を塗布したり、ケミカルエッチング処理、コロナ処理、プラズマ処理などを行ってもよい。
【0031】
本発明のフィルムには公知の添加剤、たとえば、紫外線吸収剤、熱安定剤、延伸助剤、滑剤などが添加されていてもよい。
【0032】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の内容および効果を実施例によって説明するが、本発明は、その要旨を逸脱しない限り以下の実施例に限定されるものではない。なお、以下の実施例における物性の評価方法は以下の通りである。
【0033】
(ドープの非液晶性評価)
ドープの非液晶性の確認は、ドープをスライドガラスに挟み薄く伸ばしたものを、偏光顕微鏡を用いた直交ニコル下の観察することによりおこなった。ドメイン構造が観察されない場合、非液晶性であると判断した。
【0034】
(光学顕微鏡による気泡観察)
乾燥前の凝固したフィルムを約1cm角に切り、スライドガラスに挟んで150倍の光学顕微鏡で観察をおこなった。
1mm2あたりに存在する10μm以上の気泡の数を数えて以下のように判定した。
全く無し ◎
10個未満以下 ○
10個以上20個未満 △
20個以上 ×
【0035】
(引張弾性率)
乾燥後のフィルムを縦方向(MD方向)および横方向(TD方向)にそれぞれ長さ100mm、幅10mmの短冊状に切り出して試験片とし、引張測定器(島津製作所製オートグラフ 機種名AG−5000A)を用い、引張速度50mm/分、チャック間距離40mmで引張試験をおこない、引張弾性率を測定した。
【0036】
(弾性率温度依存性、弾性率保持率)
乾燥後のフィルムを縦方向(MD)および横方向(TD)にそれぞれ長さ40mm、幅5mmの短冊状に切り出して試験片とし、動的粘弾性測定装置(アイティ計測製 機種名DVA−225)を用い、室温から400℃まで、昇温速度5℃/分、10Hzで測定をおこなった。弾性率保持率として300℃/30℃の弾性率比を用いた。
【0037】
(層間剥離試験)
乾燥後のフィルムを縦方向(MD方向)および横方向(TD方向)にそれぞれ長さ20mm、幅10mmの短冊状に切り出して試験片とし、フィルムの表裏面に、粘着テープの接着面を張り合わせた。
引張測定器(島津製作所製オートグラフ 機種名AG−5000A)を用い、引張速度50mm/分、チャック間距離40mmで、テープをゆっくりとはがし、両方の粘着テープの粘着面にフィルムが移行する層間剥離現象の有無を調べた。(図1参照)
【0038】
(実施例1)
(1)ポリマードープ1バッチ当たり、116%のポリリン酸43.86kgに窒素気流下、五酸化二リン14.49kgを加えた後、4,6−ジアミノレゾルシノール二塩酸塩9.10kg、及び、平均粒径2μmにまで微粉化したテレフタル酸7.10kgを加え、80℃で槽型反応器内で、撹拌混合した。さらに150℃で10時間加熱混合した後、200℃に加熱した2軸押し出し機を用いて重合し、公称目開き30μmフィルターを通してポリベンゾアゾールのポリマードープを得た。ポリマードープの色は黄色であり、メタンスルホン酸溶液で測定した極限粘度は30dl/gであった。
【0039】
(2)得られたポリベンゾアゾールのポリリン酸ドープをメタンスルホン酸で希釈し、溶媒成分に対してポリベンゾアゾールポリマーが1重量%になるように調製し、非液晶性のポリベンゾアゾールポリマードープを得た。このドープを公称目開き20μmフィルターを通してから、凝固浴中に浸漬したTダイより50℃で押出し、50℃の3mol/l塩化アルミニウム水溶液からなる凝固液中で凝固させた。ドラフト比1.05、巻取り速度3m/秒で製膜した。凝固させたフィルムを水洗した後にテンターで両端を把持しつつ150℃で20秒間熱固定して厚み5μmのポリベンゾアゾールフィルムを得た。光学顕微鏡で観察した結果、気泡が認められず、均一なフィルムが得られた。層間剥離性、引張弾性率、弾性率温度依存性測定結果を表1に示した。
【0040】
(実施例2)
実施例1と同じポリベンゾアゾールのポリリン酸ドープをメタンスルホン酸で希釈し、溶媒成分に対してポリベンゾアゾールポリマーが1重量%になるように調製し、非液晶性のポリベンゾアゾールポリマードープを得た。公称目開き20μmフィルターを通してから、凝固浴中に浸漬したTダイより60℃で押出し、60℃のグリセリン/水=60/40体積比の水溶液凝固液中で凝固させた。ドラフト比1.05、巻取り速度3m/秒で製膜した。凝固させたフィルムを水洗した後にテンターで両端を把持しつつ150℃で20秒間熱固定して厚み5.2μmのポリベンゾアゾールフィルムを得た。光学顕微鏡で観察した結果、気泡がほとんどない均一なフィルムが得られた。層間剥離性、引張弾性率、弾性率温度依存性測定結果を表1に示した。
【0041】
(比較例1)
実施例1と同じポリベンゾアゾールのポリリン酸ドープをメタンスルホン酸で希釈し、溶媒成分に対してポリベンゾアゾールポリマーが8重量%になるように調製した。ドープは液晶性を保持していた。このドープを公称目開き20μmフィルターを通してから、凝固浴中に浸漬したTダイより80℃で押出し、60℃のグリセリン/水=60/40体積比の水溶液凝固液中で凝固させた。ドラフト比1.05、巻取り速度3m/秒で製膜した。凝固させたフィルムを水洗した後にテンターで両端を把持しつつ150℃で20秒間熱固定して厚み6.3μmのポリベンゾアゾールフィルムを得た。光学顕微鏡で観察した結果、気泡がほとんどない均一なフィルムが得られた。層間剥離性、引張弾性率、弾性率温度依存性測定結果を表1に示した。
【0042】
【表1】
【0043】
【発明の効果】
本発明により得られるポリベンゾアゾールフィルムは、優れた耐熱性と機械的強度と平滑性および耐層間剥離性を兼ね備えたポリベンゾアゾールフィルムであり、広範囲の分野において使用することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 層間剥離試験の概略図。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a film obtained from a non-liquid crystalline polybenzoazole polymer dope. More specifically, the present invention relates to a polybenzoazole film excellent in heat resistance, mechanical properties and delamination resistance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
With the development of electronics and other technologies, there is a strong demand for flexible films that combine excellent heat resistance and mechanical properties. Examples of the heat-resistant organic polymer include aramid, aromatic polyimide, aromatic polyether ketone and the like. However, these films are insufficient in terms of heat resistance (aramid, aromatic polyetherketone), have a relatively large moisture absorption rate, and are unsatisfactory in terms of electrical insulation and hygroscopic dimensional stability (aramid). ), The molding process is complicated (aromatic polyimide), and each has drawbacks.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-501452 discloses polybenzoazole. Polybenzoazole is more excellent in heat resistance and stronger than aromatic polyimide.
However, since polybenzoazole has high rigidity, it is easy to take a liquid crystal structure, and when the film is formed, it is excessively oriented in the discharge direction, so that the resulting film is easily fibrillated and has a film forming direction (MD direction). Although it has high mechanical strength, it has a drawback in that it has a weak mechanical strength in a direction perpendicular to the MD direction (TD direction) and is easily torn. Moreover, since the crystals are large, there is a disadvantage that a smooth film cannot be formed.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-503521 discloses a method for producing an oriented polybenzoazole film. However, the polybenzoazole film obtained by this method has a problem of smoothness and the film formation is very complicated. Moreover, there exists a problem that it is easy to carry out delamination with respect to the film thickness direction.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to provide a polybenzoazole film having excellent heat resistance, mechanical strength, smoothness and delamination resistance against these disadvantages of the prior art.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above object, the inventors of the present invention have achieved excellent heat resistance, mechanical strength, smoothness, and non-liquid crystalline polybenzoazole film-like dope by coagulation. The inventors have found that a polybenzoazole film having delamination resistance is obtained, and have reached the present invention. That is, the present invention is obtained by coagulating a non-liquid crystalline polybenzoazole dope using polyphosphoric acid or methanesulfonic acid as a solvent containing 0.1 to 4% by weight of polybenzoazole of the following structural unit (e) as a polymer component. It is a polybenzoazole film characterized by being made.
[Chemical 1]
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The polybenzoazole in the present invention contains the structural unit (e) as a main structural unit .
[0006]
[Chemical 1]
[0007]
[Chemical 2]
[0008]
[Chemical 3]
[0009]
[Formula 4]
[0010]
[Chemical formula 5]
Here, R represents the following chemical formula and a substituted product in which the aromatic nucleus is substituted with a halogen group, a nitro group, or an alkyl group. A copolymer comprising two or more types of R may be used.
[0011]
[Chemical 6]
[0012]
[Chemical 7]
[0013]
[Chemical 8]
[0014]
[Chemical 9]
[0015]
[Chemical Formula 10]
[0016]
Embedded image
[0017]
Embedded image
[0018]
The polybenzoazole used in the present invention can be synthesized by a known method as described in US Pat. No. 4,533,693. For example, as an example of a method for synthesizing polybenzoazole, 4,6-diaminoresorcinol dihydrochloride is dispersed in polyphosphoric acid, heated and mixed to reduce the pressure by removing pressure, and then pulverized terephthalic acid is added. Further, the pressure is reduced while heating and mixing to obtain cis-poly (p-phenylenebenzobisoxazole) (abbreviated as PBO) whose main structural unit is (e). In the present invention, PBO is particularly preferably used, but is not limited thereto.
[0019]
The intrinsic viscosity measured with a methanesulfonic acid solution of polybenzoazole immediately after polymerization and polybenzoazole after film formation is preferably 5 dl / g or more. When the intrinsic viscosity is 5 dl / g or less, sufficient mechanical strength cannot be obtained.
[0020]
The non-liquid crystalline polybenzoazole dope of the present invention refers to one in which a domain structure derived from a liquid crystal structure is not observed by observation under crossed Nicols using a polarizing microscope.
The non-liquid crystalline polybenzoazole dope is obtained, for example, by a method of diluting a high concentration liquid crystalline polybenzoazole dope with a solvent. For example, the polymer content is diluted to 4% by weight or less with a solvent such as polyphosphoric acid or methanesulfonic acid. The content is preferably 0.1% to 4% by weight, more preferably 0.5% to 2% by weight.
[0021]
The polybenzoazole film of the present invention is formed by processes such as extrusion, coagulation, washing and drying.
In the extrusion process, an isotropic polybenzoazole dope is formed by a method such as a T-die method, a circular die method, or a rolling roll method. Extruded film-like non-liquid crystalline polybenzoazole dope may be exposed to air, water vapor or controlled atmosphere in the course of solidification, or may be extruded directly into coagulation liquid .
[0022]
In the solidification step of the present invention, for example, a film-like non-liquid crystalline polybenzoazole dope is immersed in a coagulation bath and solidified. At this time, if the optically isotropic dope is solidified, a film having isotropic mechanical properties and optical properties can be obtained.
Examples of the coagulation liquid include water, metal salt aqueous solution, polyhydric alcohol, aprotic polar solvent, and protic polar solvent.
[0023]
As the coagulation conditions in the present invention, a uniform film with less void (fine bubble) structure can be obtained by increasing the coagulation liquid temperature and increasing the coagulation liquid concentration. However, if the coagulation liquid temperature and coagulation liquid concentration are too high, the coagulation property is lowered and the handling property is lowered.
The temperature of the coagulation liquid is preferably 10 ° C. or higher and 70 ° C. or lower. More preferably, it is 30 degreeC or more and 60 degrees C or less.
[0024]
When using a metal salt aqueous solution as the coagulation liquid, it is preferable to use a metal salt aqueous solution having a concentration of half the saturation solubility in water to a saturation solubility. In particular, in order to obtain a uniform film having a small void (fine bubble) structure, it is preferable to use an aqueous metal salt solution as the coagulating liquid. Although many types of metal salts are mentioned, metal species with many hydration numbers, such as lithium, sodium, magnesium, calcium, aluminum, barium, strontium, gallium, indium, chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, are more preferable.
[0025]
Examples of the polyhydric alcohol include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and glycerin. The polyhydric alcohol / water is preferably used in a weight ratio of 10/90 to 100/0. More preferably, it is 30/70 to 80/20.
[0026]
Examples of the aprotic polar solvent include N-methylpyrrolidone, γ-butyrolactone, dimethylformamide, dimethylacetamide, dimethylsulfoxide and the like. The aprotic polar solvent / water is preferably used in a weight ratio of 10/90 to 100/0. More preferably, it is 30/70 to 80/20.
Furthermore, a polybenzoazole dope may be applied to the support and solidified by exposure in air, water vapor and controlled atmosphere. These are examples of the solidification process and can be solidified under other conditions.
[0027]
Since the solidified film contains an acid which is a dope solvent, it is necessary to wash and remove the acid. Water is usually used as the cleaning liquid, but it may be washed with warm water as necessary, or may be washed with water after neutralizing and washing with an aqueous alkali solution. Cleaning includes, for example, a method of running the film in the cleaning liquid or spraying the cleaning liquid.
[0028]
In the present invention, the drying step is desirably performed under tension and by restricting the shrinkage of the film under constant tension. When the film is dried by free shrinkage, partial shrinkage occurs, resulting in uneven thickness, and the flatness of the film may be impaired. In order to dry the film while restricting the shrinkage, for example, a tenter dryer or a metal frame can be used for drying. Other conditions related to drying are not particularly limited, and examples include a drying method using a heated gas such as air or nitrogen or a room temperature gas, a drying method using a heater or an infrared lamp, and the like.
[0029]
The extrusion process, the coagulation process, the washing process, the drying process, and the like may be performed continuously or in a batch manner. Furthermore, you may add another special process between each process.
[0030]
The polybenzoazole film used in the present invention may be applied with an anchor agent, or may be subjected to chemical etching treatment, corona treatment, plasma treatment, etc., in order to increase the adhesive force with the magnetic recording layer, metal deposition layer, etc. .
[0031]
The film of the present invention may contain known additives such as ultraviolet absorbers, heat stabilizers, stretching aids, lubricants and the like.
[0032]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the contents and effects of the present invention will be described by way of examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples without departing from the gist thereof. In addition, the evaluation method of the physical property in the following examples is as follows.
[0033]
(Non-liquid crystalline evaluation of dope)
The non-liquid crystalline property of the dope was confirmed by observing the dope sandwiched between glass slides and extending thinly under a crossed Nicol using a polarizing microscope. When the domain structure was not observed, it was judged as non-liquid crystalline.
[0034]
(Bubble observation with an optical microscope)
The solidified film before drying was cut into approximately 1 cm squares and sandwiched between slide glasses and observed with a 150 × optical microscope.
The number of bubbles of 10 μm or more existing per 1 mm 2 was counted and judged as follows.
None at all ◎
Less than 10 pieces ○
10 or more and less than 20 △
20 or more ×
[0035]
(Tensile modulus)
The dried film was cut into strips having a length of 100 mm and a width of 10 mm in the machine direction (MD direction) and the transverse direction (TD direction), respectively, and used as a test piece. ), A tensile test was performed at a tensile speed of 50 mm / min and a distance between chucks of 40 mm, and the tensile elastic modulus was measured.
[0036]
(Elastic modulus temperature dependence, elastic modulus retention)
The dried film was cut into strips having a length of 40 mm and a width of 5 mm in the machine direction (MD) and the transverse direction (TD), respectively, and used as test pieces, and a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device (model name DVA-225 manufactured by IT Measurement). Was measured from room temperature to 400 ° C. at a rate of temperature increase of 5 ° C./min and 10 Hz. An elastic modulus ratio of 300 ° C./30° C. was used as the elastic modulus retention rate.
[0037]
(Delamination test)
The dried film was cut into strips each having a length of 20 mm and a width of 10 mm in the vertical direction (MD direction) and the horizontal direction (TD direction) to form test pieces, and the adhesive surfaces of the adhesive tape were attached to the front and back surfaces of the film. .
Using a tensile measuring instrument (Shimadzu Autograph model name AG-5000A), with a pulling speed of 50 mm / min and a distance between chucks of 40 mm, the tape is slowly peeled off, and the film is transferred to the adhesive surface of both adhesive tapes. The presence or absence of the phenomenon was examined. (See Figure 1)
[0038]
Example 1
(1) After adding 14.49 kg of diphosphorus pentoxide in a nitrogen stream to 43.86 kg of 116% polyphosphoric acid per batch of polymer dope, 9.10 kg of 4,6-diaminoresorcinol dihydrochloride and average 7.10 kg of terephthalic acid finely divided to a particle size of 2 μm was added, and the mixture was stirred and mixed at 80 ° C. in a tank reactor. The mixture was further heated and mixed at 150 ° C. for 10 hours, and then polymerized using a biaxial extruder heated to 200 ° C., and a polymer dope of polybenzoazole was obtained through a filter having a nominal opening of 30 μm. The color of the polymer dope was yellow, and the intrinsic viscosity measured with a methanesulfonic acid solution was 30 dl / g.
[0039]
(2) The polybenzoic acid dope of the obtained polybenzoazole is diluted with methanesulfonic acid and prepared so that the polybenzoazole polymer is 1% by weight with respect to the solvent component, and the non-liquid crystalline polybenzoazole polymer dope Got. This dope was passed through a filter having a nominal opening of 20 μm, extruded from a T-die immersed in a coagulation bath at 50 ° C., and coagulated in a coagulation liquid consisting of a 3 mol / l aluminum chloride aqueous solution at 50 ° C. Film formation was performed at a draft ratio of 1.05 and a winding speed of 3 m / sec. The coagulated film was washed with water and heat fixed at 150 ° C. for 20 seconds while holding both ends with a tenter to obtain a polybenzoazole film having a thickness of 5 μm. As a result of observation with an optical microscope, no bubbles were observed and a uniform film was obtained. Table 1 shows the measurement results of delamination properties, tensile modulus, and elastic modulus temperature dependency.
[0040]
(Example 2)
The same polybenzoazole polyphosphate dope as in Example 1 was diluted with methanesulfonic acid to prepare 1% by weight of polybenzoazole polymer with respect to the solvent component, and a non-liquid crystalline polybenzoazole polymer dope was prepared. Obtained. After passing through a filter having a nominal opening of 20 μm, it was extruded at 60 ° C. from a T-die immersed in a coagulation bath, and coagulated in an aqueous solution coagulation solution at 60 ° C. glycerin / water = 60/40 volume ratio. Film formation was performed at a draft ratio of 1.05 and a winding speed of 3 m / sec. The coagulated film was washed with water and heat fixed at 150 ° C. for 20 seconds while holding both ends with a tenter to obtain a 5.2 μm thick polybenzoazole film. As a result of observation with an optical microscope, a uniform film having almost no bubbles was obtained. Table 1 shows the measurement results of delamination properties, tensile modulus, and elastic modulus temperature dependency.
[0041]
(Comparative Example 1)
The polyphosphoric acid dope of the same polybenzoazole as Example 1 was diluted with methanesulfonic acid, and it prepared so that a polybenzoazole polymer might be 8 weight% with respect to a solvent component. The dope maintained liquid crystallinity. This dope was passed through a filter having a nominal opening of 20 μm, extruded from a T-die immersed in a coagulation bath at 80 ° C., and coagulated in an aqueous solution coagulation liquid at 60 ° C. glycerin / water = 60/40 volume ratio. Film formation was performed at a draft ratio of 1.05 and a winding speed of 3 m / sec. The coagulated film was washed with water and heat fixed at 150 ° C. for 20 seconds while holding both ends with a tenter to obtain a 6.3 μm thick polybenzoazole film. As a result of observation with an optical microscope, a uniform film having almost no bubbles was obtained. Table 1 shows the measurement results of delamination properties, tensile modulus, and elastic modulus temperature dependency.
[0042]
[Table 1]
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
The polybenzoazole film obtained by the present invention is a polybenzoazole film having excellent heat resistance, mechanical strength, smoothness, and delamination resistance, and can be used in a wide range of fields.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a delamination test.
Claims (1)
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| JP2002111071A JP4048417B2 (en) | 2002-04-12 | 2002-04-12 | Polybenzoazole film |
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|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002111071A JP4048417B2 (en) | 2002-04-12 | 2002-04-12 | Polybenzoazole film |
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| JP2006176679A (en) * | 2004-12-22 | 2006-07-06 | Polymatech Co Ltd | Polybenzazole molded product and method for producing the same |
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