JP4048883B2 - Coke oven clogging judgment method and coke oven operation method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a clogging determination method for determining whether there is a high possibility of clogging in future operations from an extrusion force or the like for discharging coke from a coke oven, and a coke oven operation method using the determination method About.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A coke oven that produces coke by carbonizing coal has a structure in which combustion chambers and carbonization chambers partitioned by furnace wall bricks, which are partition walls of refractory bricks, are alternately arranged.
[0003]
Coal, which is a raw material for coke, is loaded on a hopper of a charcoal vehicle, transported to a predetermined carbonization chamber, and charged into the carbonization chamber from above the carbonization chamber. Coal charged into the carbonization chamber is carbonized by the heat of the combustion chambers arranged on both sides of the carbonization chamber to become coke. The red hot coke after dry distillation is pushed from the side by the extrusion ram of the extruder and discharged. In the chamber furnace type coke oven, a series of operations such as coal charging, coking, and coke extrusion (kneading out) are repeated.
[0004]
By the way, in the coke oven extrusion operation, there is a case where the extrusion is not smoothly performed. This is because carbon produced by dry distillation adheres to the carbonization chamber furnace wall, or the furnace wall surface is damaged or rough for some reason, and the coke cake expands. This is because the necessary extrusion force is increased. As a result, the coke extrusion operation is hindered, and in the case of remarks, so-called clogging may occur in which the coke is clogged in the carbonization chamber and cannot be extruded.
[0005]
If the extrusion operation is continued when clogging occurs, a large load is applied to the coking chamber carbonization furnace wall brick, which may lead to damage to the furnace body and collapse of the furnace wall. Therefore, when clogging occurs, in order to prevent a reduction in the life of the coke oven, the operation of taking out the kiln is interrupted, and measures such as scraping the coke in the carbonization chamber manually until it becomes possible to extrude are taken. It is done. As a result, the kiln delivery schedule for the entire coke oven must be changed, and not only a single kiln but also other kilns as a whole will not only reduce coke productivity, but will also extend the standing time until it can be extruded. As a result, the amount of heat consumed also increases, leading to an increase in coke production costs. Therefore, it is necessary to prevent such clogging from occurring.
[0006]
Conventionally, as a measure for preventing clogging, there has been known a method for preventing the clogging by monitoring and managing the extrusion force. If the extrusion force tends to increase, the carbonization chamber is allowed to stand for a long time from the end of dry distillation until the discharge, or the carbonization chamber that requires a large extrusion force adheres to the furnace wall. Measures such as removing carbon and repairing the furnace wall and bottom are being taken.
[0007]
For example, in the method of operating a coke oven described in JP-A-11-61137, the extrusion force applied to the extrusion ram of the extruder and the position of the extrusion ram are continuously detected simultaneously, and the maximum extrusion is detected from the detected extrusion force. Based on the peak value that is the force and the extrusion ram position at that time, the cause of the increase in the extrusion force is estimated. Then, it is determined whether the increase in the extrusion force is due to carbon adhesion or furnace wall damage to the furnace wall, or due to the properties of the charging coal or the state of dry distillation, and the necessity of furnace wall repair is determined. .
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the method described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-61137 qualitatively determines the abnormality of the extrusion force by looking at the history of the past peak value of the extrusion force and the extrusion ram position at that time. It is. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the characteristics of each kiln that the extrusion force and the position where the maximum force is generated are different for each kiln, and vary for each extruding operation, and skill is necessary to make an appropriate determination.
[0009]
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a coke oven clogging determination method capable of determining in consideration of the characteristics of each kiln and a coke oven operation method using the same.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention for solving the aforementioned problems is classified into the maximum extrusion force and two groups of押詰Ri there and押詰without Ri with the historical data for each coking chamber it as explanatory variables and ram position occurs From the data of the maximum extrusion force measured in the coke extrusion operation from any carbonization chamber and the ram position where it occurred, the Mahalanobis distance value D1 to the clogged group for the carbonization chamber and the no clogging This is a coke oven clogging judgment method in which the Mahalanobis distance value D2 to the group is obtained, and in the case of D1 <D2, the carbonization chamber is judged to have a high possibility of clogging in future operations.
[0016]
Further, the present invention uses the coke oven clogging determination method according to the invention described above to determine whether clogging is likely to occur in the future operation of the coke oven, and the possibility of clogging is high. In this case, the coke oven operation method is such that the standing time until the discharge after dry distillation is longer than a predetermined time.
[0017]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As described above, each kiln of the coke oven is composed of a carbonization chamber for carbonizing coal, a combustion chamber for burning fuel gas, a heat storage chamber for utilizing the residual heat of combustion waste gas, and a horizontal flue under the heat storage chamber. Yes.
[0018]
In the coke oven, a plurality of kilns are assembled to form a furnace group, and the carbonizing chamber constituting each kiln has a length of 12 to 16 m, a height of 4 to 7 m, and a width of 400 mm to 450 mm. The extruder discharges about 12 to 30 t of red hot coke on the opposite side (CS side) of the carbonization chamber by extruding the extruder ram from about 12 to 16 m from one side (PS side) of the carbonization chamber. In order to facilitate the extrusion of coke, the carbonization chamber is 40 to 75 mm wider on the CS side with the coke guide wheel than the PS side with the extruder.
[0019]
In order to produce coke, the coke oven is provided with ancillary equipment such as a charcoal wheel, an extruder, a coke guide wheel, and a coke bucket wheel.
[0020]
The coal loading vehicle is provided at the top of the coke oven, and when coal cut out from the coal storage tank is received, it travels to a predetermined carbonization chamber and charges the coal into the carbonization chamber from the top of the carbonization chamber. The charged coal is carbonized by heat from the combustion chamber in a closed carbonization chamber. When the dry distillation is completed and the coal is coke, the extruder runs to the front of the carbonization chamber and starts discharging the red hot coke. The extruder is provided with a furnace lid removing device that lifts and closes the furnace lid of the carbonization chamber, and an extrusion ram for extruding red hot coke.
[0021]
At the time of starting the kiln, a cork guide car and a coke bucket car are waiting on the opposite side of the extruder across the carbonization chamber. The coke guide wheel opens the furnace cover on the opposite side of the coking chamber when the extruder extrudes the red hot coke in the carbonizing chamber, and guides the extruded red hot coke to be loaded on the coke bucket vehicle. The coke bucket wheel receives red hot coke that is extruded through the guide grid of the coke guide wheel. The coke bucket car that accepts the red hot coke is pulled by the train and travels to the CDQ, and the red hot coke is extinguished in the CDQ.
[0022]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a clogging determination system to which a clogging determination method according to the present invention is applied.
[0023]
This clogging determination system includes an abnormality determination computer 1 that determines whether or not an extrusion force is abnormal, and a data server 2 that collects data related to the extruder and data related to the coke oven process and transmits them to the abnormality determination computer 1. Yes.
[0024]
The data collected for the extruder is the extruder ram 3 extrusion force and the ram extrusion position. The pushing force is detected by the pushing force detector 4. For example, the current value of the pushing motor 5, the torque applied to the shaft of the pushing motor 5, or a value measured using a load cell is used. The extrusion position of the ram is detected by the extrusion position detector 6, and for example, a value obtained by actually measuring the position of the extruder ram 3 using a varicam or the like is used.
[0025]
The data collected for the coke oven process is information about the coke operation, such as which kilns are ready for coke extrusion and ready for kiln outbreaks, which allows the kiln data and the extruder data to be collected. Can be associated.
[0026]
The abnormality determination computer 1 stores repair data in addition to the above-described data, and this repair data is manually input from a computer terminal (not shown). The repair data includes clogging results for each carbonization chamber, thermal spraying, semi-dry wet spraying, repair methods such as brick transshipment, and data on repair positions of bricks that have been repaired.
[0027]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the maximum pushing force and the ram position where it is generated for each kiln. (1) of FIG. 2 shows the results of A kiln, and (2) of FIG. 2 shows the results of B kiln. The maximum pushing force refers to the actual value of the maximum pushing force applied to the ram in one pushing operation. When clogging occurs, the extruder ram 3 of the coke extruder stops, and the detected value of the extrusion force detector 4 at that time becomes the “maximum pushing force when clogging is present”.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 2, it can be seen that the extrusion force and the ram position at the time of clogging for each kiln are different and each has a unique characteristic. Also, the correspondence between the maximum extrusion force, the extruder ram position data, and the presence or absence of clogging is not clear.
[0029]
The inventors have intensively studied to solve the problem and come up with a method for determining the possibility of clogging based on the data whose correspondence is unclear as described above. It has come.
[0030]
Here, when a function Z having an output of the presence / absence of clogging Y with the maximum pushing force W at the time of certain extrusion and the generation position X as an input is considered, this is expressed by Expression (1).
Y = Z (W, X) (1)
“Y clogging group” composed of W and X data groups that Y gives clogging, and “No clogging group” composed of W and X data groups that Y gives no clogging. It is determined by which group the data W and X to be determined whether or not clogging is possible are approximated.
[0031]
Therefore, the inventors tried to extract an index characterizing the group based on past performance data belonging to the “group with clogging” and the “group without clogging”, and obtained the following index.
[0032]
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an index based on the data of the maximum pushing force and the generated ram position.
According to FIG. 3, the maximum pushing force and the ram position when clogging occurs are different for each kiln. However, if attention is focused on the same kiln, it is possible to characterize the possibility of clogging using at least one of the maximum extrusion force and the average value, standard deviation, and covariance of the ram position data as an index.
[0033]
Therefore, the function F is approximated with the data belonging to the “group with clogging” using at least one of the maximum pushing force at the time of clogging occurrence and the average value, standard deviation, and covariance of the ram position. Define as a function to represent. Then, the degree of approximation D1 with the “group with clogging” is expressed by equation (2), where W is the maximum pushing force at a certain pushing time, and X is the generation position.
D1 = F (W, X) (2)
Here, it is assumed that the smaller D1 is, the closer the approximation is.
[0034]
And D1 calculated | required by Formula (2) and threshold value Th defined for every kiln are compared. In the case of D1 <Th, it is determined that the possibility of clogging is high, assuming that the maximum pushing force W at a certain pushing time and the generation position X thereof are approximate to the data of “group with clogging”. Here, since the threshold value Th is determined for each kiln based on past operation data, this determination takes into account the characteristics of each kiln.
[0035]
Moreover, the clogging determination method according to the present invention can also be implemented in a form in which the determination is relatively performed. That is, it is determined by comparing whether the maximum pushing force W at the time of certain extrusion and the position X of occurrence thereof are approximated by the data of “group with clogging” or the data of “group without clogging”.
[0036]
Therefore, in addition to the function F in the expression (2), the function G is expressed by using at least one of the maximum pushing force when no clogging occurs, the average value of the ram position, the standard deviation, and the covariance. It is defined as a function representing the degree of approximation with data belonging to the “no clogging group”. Here, the function G has the same configuration as the function F, and is different only in that the function G is defined using data of “no clogging group”. Then, the degree of approximation D2 with the “no clogging group” is expressed by Expression (3), where W is the maximum pushing force at a certain pushing time and X is the generation position.
D2 = G (W, X) (3)
Here, it is assumed that the smaller D2 is, the closer the approximation is.
[0037]
If D1 <D2, it is determined that there is a high possibility of clogging because the data at the time of extrusion is closer to the data of “Group with clogging”, and if D1> D2, “No clogging” Since it is more approximate to the “group” data, it is determined that the possibility of clogging is small.
[0038]
In this embodiment, a function that gives a degree of approximation is defined and used. As this function, for example, a test based on the respective distributions using both groups as a population by using a general statistical analysis method. It may be defined as a function that represents calculation and occurrence probability calculation. Also, among multivariate analysis methods that use the maximum pushing force and ram position as variables, multidimensional scaling, a function that represents the distance used for cluster analysis, or discriminant analysis You may define with the distance of Mahalanobis used by law etc. These functions use at least one of the above-mentioned average values, standard deviations, covariances, and the like, so that both groups can be distinguished.
[0039]
Further, in the present embodiment, the pushing force abnormality is not determined based on the calculated values of the approximations D1 and D2, but the pushing force abnormality is determined based on the relative value of the magnitude relationship between the approximations D1 and D2. In addition, if this relative determination method is applied and further corrected for each kiln, the abnormality can be determined with higher accuracy.
[0040]
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the result of determination using the clogging determination method according to the present invention.
[0041]
In FIG. 4, it was determined that there was a possibility of clogging continuously, after that there was no possibility of clogging at first. For this reason, if operation was continued as it was, it was judged that there was a possibility of brick breakage, and operation was performed under the condition of maintaining an extrusion force that does not break. As a result, it was possible to prevent the furnace wall brick from being broken. In addition, when such a determination result is obtained, in addition to changing the extrusion force, the furnace wall brick breakage can be achieved by lengthening the time for standing until discharge after dry distillation to reduce the extrusion force. Can also be prevented.
[0042]
Thus, by applying this embodiment, if it is determined that there is a risk of clogging, it is possible to take measures before the furnace body is damaged. As a result, the furnace can be operated while maintaining a healthy state, and the life of the furnace can be extended.
[0043]
If the pushing force is determined to be abnormal, measures such as reducing the amount of charged coal, changing the charged coal composition, and the like can be taken.
[0044]
Further, when there is a possibility that the furnace wall brick of the coke oven will be broken, the furnace wall brick that is predicted to be broken is repaired in advance to prevent the furnace wall brick from being broken. When the furnace wall brick is repaired, the extrusion force is reduced. As a result, it is possible to prevent the furnace wall brick in the carbonization chamber from being broken and to extend the life of the furnace.
[0045]
According to the present embodiment, quantitative clogging can be determined by a method that takes into account the characteristics of each kiln, so that the operation method of the coke oven can be finely controlled, contributing to the extension of the life of the coke oven.
[0046]
As described above, in the present embodiment, a clogging judgment formula using the pushing force and the position where the pushing force is generated as an input can be created, and a judgment can be made in consideration of the characteristics of each carbonization chamber based on this judgment formula. it can. And by this judgment result, by changing the operation method of the coke oven, avoiding the possibility that the furnace wall brick of the coke oven will break in advance, preventing the furnace wall brick from being broken, and the life of the furnace Can be extended.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
According to the determination method according to the present invention, it is possible to determine whether there is a possibility of clogging of the coke oven in consideration of the characteristics of each kiln.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a clogging determination system to which a clogging determination method according to the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the maximum pushing force and the ram position where it is generated for each kiln.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an index based on data of a maximum pushing force and a generated ram position.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a result of determination using a clogging determination method according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Abnormality determination computer 2 ... Data server 3 ... Extruder ram 4 ... Extrusion force detector 5 ... Extrusion motor 6 ... Extrusion position detector

Claims (2)

In the clogging judgment method for judging the possibility of clogging when discharging coke from the coking chamber of the coke oven,
Maximum pushing force and it is classified into two groups押詰Ri there and押詰without Ri with the historical data for each coking chamber to an explanatory variable and a ram position occurs,
From the data of the maximum extrusion force measured in coke extrusion operation from an arbitrary carbonization chamber and the ram position where it occurred, the Mahalanobis distance value D1 to the clogged group for the carbonization chamber and the clogging Find the Mahalanobis distance value D2 to the group,
D1 <In the case of D2, the押詰Ri determination method of the coke oven and judging that there is likely押詰Ri said coking chamber in future operations. Using the clogging determination method according to claim 1, it is determined whether or not clogging is highly likely in the future operation of the coke oven,
A method of operating a coke oven, characterized in that when the possibility of clogging is high, the standing time until discharge after dry distillation is longer than a predetermined time.

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